bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-throughput screen to identify compounds that prevent or target telomere loss in human cancer cells
Authors: Wilson Chris , Murnane John P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Chromosome instability (CIN) is an early step in carcinogenesis that promotes tumor cell progression and resistance to therapy. Using plasmids integrated adjacent to telomeres, we have previously demonstrated that the sensitivity of subtelomeric regions to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) contributes to telomere loss and CIN in cancer. A high-throughput screen was created to identify compounds that affect telomere loss due to subtelomeric DSBs introduced by I-SceI endonuclease, as detected by cells expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP). A screen of a library of 1832 biologically-active compounds identified a variety of compounds that increase or decrease the number of GFP-positive cells following activation of I-SceI. A curated screen done in triplicate at various concentrations found that inhibition of classical nonhomologous end joining (C-NHEJ) increased DSB-induced telomere loss, demonstrating that C-NHEJ is functional in subtelomeric regions. Compounds that decreased DSB-induced telomere loss included inhibitors of mTOR, p38 and tankyrase, consistent with our earlier hypothesis that the sensitivity of subtelomeric regions to DSBs is a result of inappropriate resection during repair. Although this assay was also designed to identify compounds that selectively target cells experiencing telomere loss and/or chromosome instability, no compounds of this type were identified in the current screen.
The Social Context
Authors: Berry Stephen R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Evangelicalism emerged in the social context of the first British Empire that connected Great Britain with its American and Caribbean colonies. Neither solely the product of a North American context or the extension of a European one, evangelicalism developed amid transatlantic social and cultural commerce. While Restoration policies diminished older forms of religious dissent, the subsequent Glorious Revolution firmly cemented Protestantism in England and created space for new Protestant alternatives. In terms of the broader political context, evangelicalism arose during the Second Hundred Years War (1689–1815) that repeatedly pitted Protestant Britain against Catholic France and fomented the pan-Protestant solidarity that energized evangelical thought and action. These cycles of warfare greatly expanded Britain’s naval and commercial shipping, which created the mechanism for people, goods, and ideas to traverse the Atlantic more regularly. This free circulation of people and ideas through migration and communication networks brought together the German Pietist, Scottish Presbyterian, New England Puritan, and Anglican Methodist strains, which contributed to the birth of a distinct new Protestant movement. Britain’s shipping power also forcibly transported millions of Africans to its colonies in the eighteenth century, making slavery an inextricable part of the social order and adding a population that would make further contributions to evangelicalism. Britain’s expanded shipping and commercial networks in the context of religiously charged warfare created a social context in which the people and ideas of early evangelicalism could emerge simultaneously on both sides of the North Atlantic.
Sport, Leadership, and Social Responsibility
Authors: Sparvero Emily S. , Chalip Laurence 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sport organizations are increasingly using corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs to pursue financial and public relations objectives by addressing social issues. As organizations face pressure to demonstrate CSR bona fides, it has been claimed that sport may be well-positioned to serve as a CSR vehicle. Sport-based CSR research assumes that to be the case, thereby relying on descriptions and advocacy that do not critically examine the intersections between leadership and CSR but that do presuppose or assert positive benefits from CSR. Social and managerial theories have been applied haphazardly, while fundamental theoretical imperatives regarding social agency, market functioning, and human behavior have been overlooked. Those imperatives could help to explain choices for CSR program design and implementation, as well as CSR program effects. Future research can better serve the development of informative and applicable theory by modeling the structure of contingencies, including economic concerns, facing CSR leadership in varied contexts.
Global long-term observations reveal wide geographic divergence in coastal phytoplankton species niches
Authors: Longobardi Lorenzo , Dubroca Laurent , Sarno Diana , Zingone Adriana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs a fundamental component for marine ecosystem functioning, phytoplankton require an appraisal of the extent of their adaptive potential to interpret the effects of natural or human-induced changes in marine habitats. To this aim, the study of the present ecological characteristics of phytoplankton species represents the first effort to assess their adaptive potential in a wide spectrum of environmental variables. Using a set of nine time series, this study aimed at describing the ecological niche of 10 worldwide-distributed species and testing whether individual species occupy the same niche across different environments. The species showed wide variations in frequency, average abundance and seasonal pattern among sites, while their annual maxima occurred over ample ranges of physical–chemical variables, with marked differences from site to site depicting a considerably wide global niche for each species. Although in some of the species this result can be attributed to the existence of multiple, morphologically similar taxa hardly identifiable in light microscopy, other cases could be explained by intraspecific diversity and/or enhanced adaptation potential in phytoplankton populations. Although probably not applicable to species with more restricted distribution ranges, these results should be considered when projecting present species distributions into a future scenario of climate change.
Deacylation of galactolipids decomposes photosystem II dimers to enhance degradation of damaged D1 protein
Authors: Jimbo Haruhiko , Wada Hajime 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) contains many lipid molecules that are essential for the function and maintenance of PSII. Under strong light conditions, PSII complexes are dynamically modified during the repair process; however, the molecular mechanism of the dynamic changes in the PSII structure is still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of a lipase in the repair of PSII in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. We identified a protein encoded by the sll1969 gene, previously named lipase A (lipA), in the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 genome as a candidate for the lipase involved in PSII repair. Recombinant protein expressed in Escherichia coli cells hydrolyzed fatty acids at the sn-1 position of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol as well as triacylglycerol esterified with stearic acids. PSII repair in a disrupted mutant of the lipA gene was suppressed by the slow degradation of damaged D1 protein under strong light. The level of the PSII dimer remained higher in lipA mutant cells than wild-type (WT) cells under strong light. LipA protein was associated with the PSII dimer in vivo, and recombinant LipA protein decomposed PSII dimers purified from WT cells to monomers by reducing MGDG content in the PSII complex. These results indicate that LipA reacts with PSII dimers, dissociates them into monomers by digesting MGDG, and enhances D1 degradation during PSII repair.
Early characterization of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis by suboptimal initial management: a multicentre cohort study
Authors: Giollo Alessandro , Zen Margherita , Larosa Maddalena , Astorri Davide , Salvato Mariangela , Calligaro Antonia , Botsios Konstantinos , Bernardi Cristina , Bianchi Gerolamo , Doria Andrea 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To demonstrate that unsuccessful treatment optimization in early disease is associated with difficult-to-treat RA (D2T-RA).

Methods
In this retrospective multicentre cohort study conducted from 09/2021–03/2022, we enrolled individuals fulfilling the 2010 ACR/EULAR RA criteria diagnosed 2000–2019. The outcome was D2T-RA by the EULAR definition. We used robust regression to examine the associations with delay, dose, duration of methotrexate and discontinuation of glucocorticoids. We tested through multinomial regression which factors were associated with persistent inflammatory refractory RA (PIRRA) or non-inflammatory refractory RA (NIRRA). Sensitivity analysis included a case-control study matching the year of diagnosis.

Results
We enrolled 48 D2T-RA patients and 145 non-D2T-RA controls. Methotrexate was started within 3 months in 16.7% of D2T-RA vs 33.1% of non-D2T-RA (P = 0.011). Adequate duration of methotrexate was obtained in significantly fewer D2T-RA patients (70.8% vs 85.5%). Glucocorticoids were continued beyond 6 months in a higher proportion of D2T-RA patients (70.8% vs 33.8%, P &lt; 0.001). In multiple regression, treatment delay beyond 3 months (OR 0.3; 95% CI 0.1, 0.9) and non-discontinuation of glucocorticoids after 6 months (OR 4.6; 95% CI 2.2, 9.5) were significantly associated with D2T-RA. Treatment delay was significantly associated with PIRRA only, while non-discontinuation of glucocorticoids was significantly associated with PIRRA and NIRRA. Results were replicated in sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion
Failure to start methotrexate within 3 months and not being off glucocorticoids within 6 months are early predictive features of D2T-RA.
Cutaneous vasculitis occurring in the setting of systemic lupus erythematosus: a multicentre cohort study
Authors: Breillat Paul , Jachiet Marie , Ditchi Yoan , Lenormand Cédric , Costedoat-Chalumeau Nathalie , Mathian Alexis , Moguelet Philippe , Duriez Paul , Trendelenburg Marten , Huynh-Do Uyen , Chizzolini Carlo , Beuvon Clément , Roy-Peaud Frederique , Bouaziz Jean-David , Barbaud Annick , Francès Camille , Mékinian Arsène , Fain Olivier , Amoura Zahir , Chasset François ,   for EMSED study group (Etude des maladies systémiques en dermatologie) and the Swiss SLE Cohort Study (SSCS), Bessis Didier , Cordel Nadège , Lipsker Dan , Cassius Charles , Ribi Camillo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To describe the clinical and pathological features of biopsy-proven cutaneous vasculitis (CV) associated with SLE, focusing on diagnosis classification and impact on overall SLE activity.

Methods
Retrospective multicentric cohort study including SLE patients with biopsy-proven CV identified by (i) data from pathology departments of three university hospitals and (ii) a national call for cases. SLE was defined according to 1997 revised ACR and/or 2019 ACR/EULAR criteria. CV diagnosis was confirmed histologically and classified by using the dermatological addendum of the Chapel Hill classification. SLE activity and flare severity at the time of CV diagnosis were assessed independently of vasculitis items with the SELENA-SLEDAI and SELENA-SLEDAI Flare Index.

Results
Overall, 39 patients were included; 35 (90%) were female. Cutaneous manifestations included mostly palpable purpura (n = 21; 54%) and urticarial lesions (n = 18; 46%); lower limbs were the most common location (n = 33; 85%). Eleven (28%) patients exhibited extracutaneous vasculitis. A higher prevalence of Sjögren’s syndrome (51%) was found compared with SLE patients without CV from the French referral centre group (12%, P &lt; 0.0001) and the Swiss SLE Cohort (11%, P &lt; 0.0001). CV was mostly classified as urticarial vasculitis (n = 14, 36%) and cryoglobulinaemia (n = 13, 33%). Only 2 (5%) patients had no other cause than SLE to explain the CV. Sixty-one percent of patients had inactive SLE.

Conclusion
SLE-related vasculitis seems very rare and other causes of vasculitis should be ruled out before considering this diagnosis. Moreover, in more than half of patients, CV was not associated with another sign of active SLE.
Assessing program fidelity to critically reflect on the suitability of Critical Time Intervention to facilitate exiting sex work
Authors: Perri Melissa , Shareck Martine , Buhariwala Pearl , Hassan Maha , Balla Ermelina , O’Campo Patricia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An emerging approach to facilitating exiting sex work is through applying the Critical Time Intervention [CTI] model. CTI represents a time-limited approach that supports marginalized individuals during periods of transition. We performed a fidelity assessment as part of a process evaluation of Exit Doors Here [EDH], a program supporting women who wish to exit sex work. We reflect on the appropriateness of the CTI model for supporting these women, and highlight contextual and population specificities which might need to be considered for effective scaling up of similar programs. First, we applied an existing fidelity assessment tool to the EDH program. Program staff highlighted areas for adaptation. We then adapted the tool based on this feedback and assessed program fidelity by analyzing data from eight participants’ CTI charts. Fidelity ratings were computed and interpreted according to established guidelines. Consultations with program staff resulted in adaptations to seven of the 12 fidelity assessment tool items. The majority of adaptations surrounded the time-limited nature of CTI and unique needs of the program participants such as their experiences with violence and substance use. The fidelity assessment of the adapted tool demonstrated that even after adaptations were made, certain items were still not appropriate for this study population. Difficulties in implementing selected program components with high fidelity can be attributed to contextual and population specificities of the study population. This study reiterates the importance of considering such factors when developing and implementing programs aimed at improving the health and livelihoods of marginalized women such as those who engage in sex work.
Parent Survey Identifies Low-Cost Emotional and Educational Supports in NICU and Beyond
Authors: Franklin-Luther Prarthana , Bacchini Fabiana , Gillett James B. , McDonald Sarah D. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Families face significant mental health challenges after preterm birth. However, there are few low-cost and sustainable services to help with mental health challenges.

Purpose:
To understand suggestions for low-cost and sustainable mental health supports to help families.

Methods:
This was an internet-based survey made available to preterm families through the Canadian Premature Babies Foundation social media (Facebook private parents' group).

Results:
Families reported that peer support, such as connecting with other parents and families who experience preterm birth, was most beneficial. Parents also reported ways to allow families to access the existing mental health services, such as providing child care options and improving advertisement of available resources.

Implications:
Our results can help implement beneficial low-cost and sustainable mental health supports across many contexts (eg, hospitals and community organization) both in-person and online.
Improvements in Outcomes and Cost after Adult Spinal Deformity Corrective Surgery between 2008 and 2019
Authors: Passias Peter G. , Kummer Nicholas , Imbo Bailey , Lafage Virginie , Lafage Renaud , Smith Justin S. , Line Breton , Vira Shaleen , Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Gum Jeffrey L. , Daniels Alan H. , Klineberg Eric O. , Gupta Munish C. , Kebaish Khaled M. , Jain Amit , Neuman Brian J. , Chou Dean , Carreon Leah Y. , Hart Robert A. , Burton Douglas C. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Ames Christopher P. , Schwab Frank J. , Hostin Richard A. , Bess Shay ,   on behalf of the International Spine Study Group
Published: October 2022

Study Design.
Retrospective cohort

Objective.
To assess whether patient outcomes and cost effectiveness of adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery have improved over the past decade.

Background.
Surgery for ASD is an effective intervention, but one that is also associated with large initial healthcare expenditures. Changes in the cost profile for ASD surgery over the last decade has not been evaluated previously.

Methods.
ASD patients who received surgery between 2008-19 were included. ANCOVA was used to marginal means for outcome measures (complication rates, reoperations, HRQLs, total cost, utility gained, QALYs, cost efficiency [cost per QALY]) by year of initial surgery. Cost was calculated using the PearlDiver database and represented national averages of Medicare reimbursement for services within a 30-day window including length of stay and death differentiated by complication/comorbidity, revision, and surgical approach. Internal cost data was based on individual patient DRG codes, limiting revisions to those within 2Y of the initial surgery. Cost per QALY over the course of 2008-2019 were then calculated.

Results.
There were 1236 patients included. There was an overall decrease in rates of any complication (0.78 vs. 0.61), any reoperation (0.25 vs. 0.10), and minor complication (0.54 vs. 0.37) between 2009 and 2018 (all P<0.05). National average 2Y cost decreased at an annual rate of $3,194 (R2=0.6602), 2Y Utility Gained increased at an annual rate of 0.0041 (R2=0.57), 2Y QALYs Gained increased annually by 0.008 (R2=0.57), and 2Y Cost per QALY decreased per year by $39,953 (R2=0.6778).

Conclusion.
Between 2008 and 2019, rates of complications have decreased concurrently with improvements in patient reported outcomes, resulting in improved cost effectiveness according to national Medicare average and individual patient cost data. The value of ASD surgery has improved substantially over the course of the last decade.
Should Global Realignment Be Tailored to Frailty Status for Patients Undergoing Surgical Intervention for Adult Spinal Deformity?
Authors: Passias Peter G. , Williamson Tyler K. , Krol Oscar , Tretiakov Peter , Joujon-Roche Rachel , Imbo Bailey , Ahmad Salman , Bennett-Caso Claudia , Owusu-Sarpong Stephane , Lebovic Jordan , Robertson Djani , Vira Shaleen , Dhillon Ekamjeet , Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Janjua M. Burhan , Raman Tina , Protopsaltis Themistocles , Maglaras Constance , O’Connell Brooke , Daniels Alan H. , Paulino Carl , Diebo Bassel G. , Smith Justin S. , Schwab Frank J. , Lafage Renaud , Lafage Virginie 
Published: October 2022

Study Design.
Retrospective Cohort Study

Objective.
Assess whether modifying spinal alignment goals to accommodate frailty considerations will decrease mechanical complications and maximize clinical outcomes.

Summary of Background Data.
The Global Alignment and Proportion(GAP) score was developed to assist in reducing mechanical complications, but has had less success predicting such events in external validation. Higher frailty and many of its components have been linked to development of implant failure. Therefore, modifying the GAP score with frailty may strengthen its ability to predict mechanical complications.

Methods.
We included 412 surgical ASD patients with two-year(2Y) follow-up. Frailty was quantified using the ASD modified Frailty Index(mASD-FI). Outcomes: proximal junctional kyphosis(PJK) and failure(PJF), major mechanical complications, and ‘Best Clinical Outcome’(BCO), defined as ODI<15 and SRS-22 Total>4.5. Logistic regression analysis established a six-week score based on GAP score,frailty and ODI US-Norms. Logistic regression followed by conditional inference tree(CIT) analysis generated categorical thresholds. Multivariable logistic regression analysis controlling for confounders was used to assess the performance of the frailty modified GAP score.

Results.
Baseline frailty categories: 57% Not Frail,30% frail,14% severely frail. Overall, 39% of patients developed PJK, 8% PJF, 21% mechanical complications, 22% underwent reoperation, and 15% met BCO. The modified ASD-FI demonstrated correlation with developing PJF, mechanical complications, undergoing reoperation, and meeting BCO at 2Y(all P<0.05). Regression analysis generated the following equation: Frailty-Adjusted Realignment Score(FAR Score) =0.49*mASD-FI + 0.38*GAP Score. Thresholds for the FAR score(0-13): Proportioned:<3.5,Moderately Disproportioned:3.5-7.5,Severely Disproportioned:>7.5. Multivariable logistic regression assessing FAR Score demonstrated associations with mechanical complications, reoperation, and meeting Best Clinical Outcome by two years(all P<0.05), whereas the original GAP score was only significant for reoperation.

Conclusion.
This study demonstrated adjusting alignment goals in adult spinal deformity surgery for a patient’s baseline frailty status and disability may be useful in minimizing the risk of complications and adverse events, outperforming the original GAP score in terms of prognostic capacity.

Level of Evidence.
III
Cross Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Hindi Version of EuroQol (EQ-5D-3L) Health Questionnaire in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Goyal Ankita , Makkar Jeetinder Kaur , Ghai Babita , Sharma Rajni , Kumar Vishal 
Published: October 2022

Objective.The present study is an attempt at validation of Hindi version of EQ-5D-3L questionnaire for patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP).Design.Prospective clinical study.Setting.The study was conducted in Pain clinic on an out-patient basis with the subjects being followed via online platform on day 3.Subject.Native Indian patients >18 years age having CLBP who could speak and read Hindi were enrolled in the study.Method.This study is a cross-sectional study, on 132 patients suffering from CLBP after pilot test on 10 patients. Hi-SF-36 was used as a reference scale. Pain was evaluated through NRS. Psychometric properties like internal consistency, test-retest reliability on day 3 and convergent validity were evaluated. Confirmation factor analysis was carried out in order to establish the relationship between five dimensions of Hi-EQ-5D-3L and eight domains of Hi-SF-36.Result.The Cronbach’s alpha of 0.984 for index value and 0.944 for VAS confirmed the desired internal consistency of EQ-5D. Intra-class correlation coefficient was found to be excellent for EQ index value (0.969, 95% CI 0.954-0.979) and very good for VAS (0.894, 95% CI 0.844-0.928). Spearman’s rho correlation coefficients of index value correlated strongly with all domains except role emotion with r =0.181 on day 0 and r=0.239 on day 3. Good relationship between Hi-SF-36 and Hi-EQ-5D-3L was confirmed through factor analysis.Conclusion.The study results reported that Hindi version of EQ-5D-3L demonstrated comprehensibility, reliability and proved to be valid instrument for evaluation of HRQoL in CLBP patients.