bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of mating status on cold tolerance in small hive beetle, Aethina tumida
Authors: Noor-ul-Ane Muhammad , Jung Chuleui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The small hive beetle (SHB) Aethina tumida Murray, (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) has become a global pest of honey bees, but to date its adults’ cold tolerance has not been explored. Mating increases the cold tolerance in some insects. Therefore, we appraised the effect of mating on overwintering traits; Supercooling points (SCPs) and, lower lethal temperatures. We also assayed the phenotypic plasticity of SHB adults and subsequent reproductive capacity of SHB females. The supercooling points occurred at lower temperatures (-10.8℃) in mated females than in the other tested adults (mated males: -9.1℃, unmated males: -8.5℃, and unmated females: -8.0℃). The sum of injurious temperature (SIT) was the utmost expedient estimation to characterize that mated females were the most cold-resilient (-119.8 DD). Acclimation mitigated the detrimental effects of lethal temperatures and increased egg laying compared with their counterpart control. However, this phenotypic plasticity of SHB females reduced egg laying of mated and unmated females (23.7, 25.0 eggs/female, respectively) by comparison to laboratory reared untreated females (31.4 eggs/female). Our results revealed that SHB adults are chill-susceptible regardless of their mating status but have the ability to show phenotypic plasticity. Females irrespective of their mating status, paid the reproductive cost for this plasticity. The mating neither provides any advantage to SHB females to survive cold temperatures nor the subsequent reproductive output. However, mating does reduce the cold tolerance in SHB males. This study predicts that phenotypic plasticity still could be supplementing the expansion of SHB to higher latitude areas, markedly in the scenario of climate change.
X Chromosome Associations with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Related Phenotypes: An X Chromosome-wide Association Study
Authors: Hayden Lystra P , Hobbs Brian D , Busch Robert , Cho Michael H , Liu Ming , Lopes-Ramos Camila M , Lomas David A , Bakke Per , Gulsvik Amund , Silverman Edwin K , Crapo James D , Beaty Terri H , Laird Nan M , Lange Christoph , DeMeo Dawn L 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The association between genetic variants on the X chromosome to risk of COPD has not been fully explored. We hypothesize that the X chromosome harbors variants important in determining risk of COPD related phenotypes and may drive sex differences in COPD manifestations.METHODS: Using X chromosome data from three COPD-enriched cohorts of adult smokers, we performed X chromosome specific quality control, imputation, and testing for association with COPD case-control status, lung function, and quantitative emphysema. Analyses were performed among all subjects, then stratified by sex, and subsequently combined in meta-analyses. RESULTS: Among 10,193 subjects of non-Hispanic white or European ancestry, a variant near TMSB4X, rs5979771, reached genome-wide significance for association with lung function measured by FEV1/FVC ( 0.020, SE 0.004, p 4.97x10-08), with suggestive evidence of association with FEV1 ( 0.092, SE 0.018, p 3.40x10-07). Sex-stratified analyses revealed X chromosome variants that were differentially trending in one sex, with significantly different effect sizes or directions.CONCLUSIONS: This investigation identified loci influencing lung function, COPD, and emphysema in a comprehensive genetic association meta-analysis of X chromosome genetic markers from multiple COPD-related datasets. Sex differences play an important role in the pathobiology of complex lung disease, including X chromosome variants that demonstrate differential effects by sex and variants that may be relevant through escape from X chromosome inactivation, as seen with TMSB4X. Comprehensive interrogation of the X chromosome to better understand genetic control of COPD and lung function is important to further understanding of disease pathology.Trial registration: Genetic Epidemiology of COPD Study (COPDGene) is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00608764 (Active since January 28, 2008). Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints Study (ECLIPSE), GlaxoSmithKline study code SCO104960, is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00292552 (Active since February 16, 2006). Genetics of COPD in Norway Study (GenKOLS) holds GlaxoSmithKline study code RES11080, Genetics of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease.
The Geoheritage in the North of Tocantins State and Southwest of Maranhão State
Authors: Lopes Raylon , Lima Claudia Valéria , Candeiro Carlos Roberto 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Brazilian territory has a significant and diversified geoheritage, but there is still a lack of knowledge about it, especially in areas far from metropolitan regions, where most of the research is concentrated. In this work, elements of great significance of the geodiversity in the north of the state of Tocantins and southwest of Maranhão are approached. The region is located on the Brazilian agricultural frontier, a fact that makes it important to know its physical-natural diversity and to provide an overview of the importance that some portions of the area have for conservation and sustainable development. In the region, there are significant sites composed of fossils, waterfalls and geoforms that, according to a theoretical review of the themes addressed and the field work, are important for carrying out scientific, didactic and geotouristic activities.
Cortical Grey Matter Volume Loss links to Neurological Sequelae in post COVID-19 “Long Haulers”
Authors: Rothstein Ted L. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has been associated with neurological sequelae even in those patients with mild respiratory symptoms. Patients experiencing cognitive symptoms such as “brain fog” and other neurologic sequelae for more than 4 weeks define “long haulers”. There is limited information regarding damage to grey matter structures occurring in COVID-19 “long haulers”. Detecting possible anatomic changes related to COVID-19 is important as conventional Brain MRI often fails to identify disease correlates. 3-dimensional voxel-based morphometry (3D VBM) accurately analyzes, segments and quantifies brain volumes which allows for comparisons between infected COVID-19 “long haulers” and normative data from age and sex-matched healthy controls to obtain values based on their percentage of intracranial volume.
Methods
This study involved 19 consecutive post COVID-19 surviving “long haulers” who experienced neurologic symptoms. Each patient had Brain MRI with 3D VBM at median time of 72 days following laboratory confirmation. All patients had relatively mild respiratory symptoms which did not require oxygen supplementation, hospitalization, or assisted ventilation. 3D VBM was obtained for whole brain, forebrain parenchyma, cortical grey matter, hippocampus, and thalamus.
Results
The key finding is a statistically significant loss of cortical grey matter (CGM) volume in each COVID-19 “long hauler”. The loss of CGM volume likely contributes to long term neurological sequelae resulting from COVID-19 infection.
Conclusion
This study provides evidence for selective loss of volume in CGM as documented by 3D VBM in 19 COVID-19 “long haulers”. Damage to the CGM provides linkage to neurologic symptoms which can affect their quality of life.
Predicting health outcomes through machine learning in pediatric heart transplantation: Use of national data from the United Network for Organ Sharing
Authors: Killian Michael O. , Tian Shubo , Xing Aiwen , Hughes Dana , Gupta Dipankar , He Zhe 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Prediction of post-transplant health outcomes for pediatric heart transplantation is critical for high quality post-transplant care. The purpose of the current study is to examine the use of machine learning models to predict late acute rejection, hospitalizations, and mortality for pediatric heart transplant recipients.
Methods
Various traditional machine learning and deep learning models were used to predict late acute rejection, hospitalizations, and mortality at 1-, 3-, and 5-years post-transplant in pediatric heart transplant recipients using the national United Network for Organ Sharing data. Variables predicting post-transplant outcomes included donor and recipient medical and social predictors. SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) were calculated to estimate the importance of each variable for prediction and to increase the interpretability of modeling results.
Results
Logistic regression, random forest, and adaptive boosting models were the best performing algorithms for different prediction windows across outcomes. Based on the area under the receiver operating curve, models predicting rejection and mortality were found to be more accurate than those predicting hospitalizations.
Conclusions
Machine learning approaches can identify unique risk factors, their complex relationship with outcomes using prediction modeling, thereby aiding in identifying at-risk patients, providing a solid foundation for improved clinical care, risk stratification, and guiding decision-making within pediatric organ transplant centers. The current study demonstrates the value of machine learning approaches for modeling post-transplant health outcomes using patient-level data and informs the transplant community about the future potential of these innovative approaches to improve pediatric post-heart transplant care.
A simple hybrid statistical-dynamical downscaling method for emulating regional climate models over Western Europe. Evaluation, application, and role of added value?
Authors: Boé Julien , Mass Alexandre 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A hybrid statistical dynamical downscaling method intended to emulate regional climate models is described and applied on Western Europe. The method is based on a constructed analogues algorithm, already used for statistical downscaling. For emulation, the statistical downscaling relationship is not derived from observations but from climate projections at low and high resolution. The hybrid approach therefore does not rely on the stationarity assumption inherent to conventional statistical downscaling.Within a perfect model framework, and using a large number of regional projections, the hybrid method is shown to very well reproduce climate change signals, and to clearly outperforms conventional statistical downscaling. The hybrid approach remains skillful even when applied to very low-resolution climate data. In practice, two emulation modes exist. In the GCM / RCM mode, the downscaling relationship is built between a RCM and its forcing GCM. In the RCM / RCM mode, the relationship is built between a RCM and the same RCM after aggregation of its results to a low resolution grid. The large-scale climate change signal of the downscaled GCM is generally retained with the RCM / RCM mode, but not with the GCM /RCM mode. Additionally, the choice of the GCM / RCM pair used for learning leads to large differences in downscaling results at large scale with the GCM /RCM mode, but not with the RCM / RCM mode. These results are explained by the differences that exist at large scale between projected changes by current RCMs and their forcing GCMs. Whether these differences are a testimony of a real added value of RCMs at large scale in the climate change context, or whether they have other causes, is therefore a crucial question.
Up-regulated CD38 by daphnetin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury via inhibiting MAPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway
Authors: Li Rong , Guo Yujie , Zhang Huiqing , Lv Zhe , Du Yuna , Li Dan , Fang Hui , You Jing , Yu Lijun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction syndrome resulted from severe infection with high morbidity and mortality. Cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) is a multifunctional type Ⅱ transmembrane glycoprotein widely expressed on the surface of various immunocytes membranes that mediates host immune response to infection and plays an important role in many inflammatory diseases. Daphnetin (Daph), isolated from the daphne genus plant, is a natural coumarin derivative that possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. The current study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of Daph in alleviating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic lung injury, and to explore whether the protective effect of Daph in mice and cell models was related to CD38. Methods: Firstly, Network pharmacology analysis of Daph was performed. Secondly, LPS-induced septic lung injury in mice were treated with Daph or vehicle control respectively and then assessed for survival, pulmonary inflammation and pathological changes. Lastly, Mouse lung epithelial cells (MLE-12 cells) were transfected with CD38 overexpressed plasmid, followed by LPS and Daph treatment. Cells were assessed for viability and transfection efficiency, inflammatory and signaling.Results: Our results indicated that Daph treatment improved survival rate and alleviated pulmonary pathological damage of the sepsis mice, as well as reduced the excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, iNOS and chemokines MCP-1 regulated by MAPK/NF-κB pathway in pulmonary injury. Daph treatment decreased Caspase 3 and Bax, increased Bcl-2, inhibited nucleotide-binding domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome‐mediated pyroptosis in lung tissues of septic lung injury. Also, Daph treatment reduced the level of excessive inflammatory mediators, inhibited apoptosis and pyroptosis in MLE-12 cells. It is noteworthy that the protective effect of Daph on MLE-12 cells damage and death was assisted by the enhanced expression of CD38. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that Daph offered a beneficial therapeutic effect for septic lung injury via the up-regulation of CD38 and inhibition of MAPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.
Cost Optimization in Cloud Environment based on Task Deadline
Authors: Ahmad Saima Gulzar , Munir Ehsan Ullah , Ramzan Naeem 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The task of a service broker in a cloud computing environment is vital and challenging. Several sophisticated techniques have been proposed to improve the overall performance and minimize the cost. Most of the approaches optimize either performance or the cost; however, the users of cloud and fog need the best compromise for both. In this paper, we propose a hybrid technique that is Cost Optimization in the cloud/fog environment based on Task Deadline (COTD) that focuses on both parameters simultaneously and maintains the Quality of Service. The proposed algorithm is based on the task deadline and selects the most appropriate data center for task processing. We have implemented and tested COTD on a well-known simulation tool Cloud Analyst. Our comprehensive testbed experiments and simulations show that COTD outperforms comparable with Service Proximity Based Routing and Performance-Optimized Routing, and successfully minimizes an average of 35% cost while maintaining the same response time.
Blockage of MDM2-mediated p53 ubiquitination by yuanhuacine restrains the carcinogenesis of prostate carcinoma cells by suppressing LncRNA LINC00665
Authors: Yan Miao , Li Xin , Gu Jinbao , Gao Guojun , Wu Ziyu , Xue Peng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is known as a challenging issue for the global men health due to its uncontrolled proliferation and high metastatic potential. Increasing evidence has supported plant extracts and plant-derived natural derivatives as a promising anti-tumor therapeutics as their less toxic side effects. Yuanhuacine is an active component isolated from Daphne genkwa and can effectively suppress tumorigenesis of several cancers. However, its role in PCa is still unclear. In this study, yuanhuacine dose-dependently inhibited PCa cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, yuanhuacine treatment also restrained PCa cell invasion and migration. Mechanically, yuanhuacine decreased p53 protein ubiquitination, degradation and ultimately increased p53 levels, which was regulated by inhibiting phosphorylation and total protein levels of Mouse Double Minute 2 (MDM2). Moreover, elevation of MDM2 reversed the suppressive efficacy of yuanhuacine in PCa cell viability, invasion and migration. The network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis confirmed that MDM2 might be a common target of Daphne genkwa and LINC00665. Furthermore, yuanhuacine reduced LINC00665 expression. Up-regulation of LINC00665 inversed yuanhuacine-mediated inhibition in MDM2 protein expression and suppressed p53 levels by enhancing its ubiquitination in yuanhuacine-treated cells. Importantly, the inhibitory effects of yuanhuacine on cell viability and metastatic potential were offset after LINC00665 elevation. Together, the current finding highlight that yuanhuacine may possess its tumor-suppressive efficacy by inhibiting LINC00665-mediated MDM2/p53 ubiquitination signaling. Therefore, this data indicate that yuanhuacine may be a promising candidate for the treatment of PCa.
Reactogenicity, Safety, and Serological and Cellular Immunogenicity of a Booster Dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Prototype, Variant, and Bivalent Vaccines
Authors: Anderson Evan J. , Jackson Lisa A. , Rouphael Nadine G. , Widge Alicia T. , Montefiori David , Doria-Rose Nicole A. , Suthar Mehul , Cohen Kristen W. , O’Connell Sarah , Makowski Mat , Makhene Mamodikoe , Buchanan Wendy , Spearman Paul , Creech C. Buddy , O’Dell Sijy , Schmidt Stephen D , Leav Brett , Bennett Hamilton , Pajon Rolando , Posavad Christine M. , Hural John , Beigel John H. , Albert Jim , Abebe Kuleni , Eaton Amanda , Rostad Christina A. , Rebolledo Paulina A. , Kamidani Satoshi , Graciaa Daniel S. , Coler Rhea , McDermott Adrian , Ledgerwood Julie E. , Mascola John R. , De Rosa Stephen C. , Neuzil Kathleen M. , McElrath M. Juliana , Roberts Paul C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Waning immunity after two SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations and the emergence of variants precipitated the need for booster doses. We evaluated safety and serological and cellular immunogenicity through 6 months after a third mRNA vaccination in adults who received the mRNA-1273 primary series in the Phase 1 trial approximately 9 to 10 months earlier. The booster vaccine formulations included 100 mcg of mRNA-1273, 50 mcg of mRNA-1273.351 that encodes Beta variant spike protein, and bivalent vaccine of 25 mcg each of mRNA-1273 and mRNA-1273.351. A third dose of mRNA vaccine appeared safe with acceptable reactogenicity. Vaccination induced rapid increases in binding and neutralizing antibody titers to D614G, Beta, Delta and Omicron variants that persisted through 6 months post-boost, particularly after administration of Beta-containing vaccines. Spike-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells increased to levels similar to those following the second dose. Boost vaccination induced broad and durable humoral and T cell responses. ClinicalTrials.gov numbers NCT04283461 (mRNA-1273 Phase 1) and NCT04785144 (mRNA-1273.351 Phase 1)
The magnitude of combined training-induced changes in executive functions is related to pre-training BDNF levels in middle-aged and older adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Silveira-Rodrigues João Gabriel da , Nogueira Nathálya Gardênia de Holanda Marinho , Faria Larissa Oliveira , Pereira Daniele Sirineu , Soares Danusa Dias 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background: Many cognitive functions are affected by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Aerobic plus resistance exercise training, known as combined training (CT), may mitigate or reverse the T2DM-related cognitive impairment by improving metabolic control. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) seems to modulate the cognitive functions of healthy and T2DM adults. However, the CT-effects on BDNF levels of T2DM subjects need to be better elucidated. Aim: To analyze the effects of 8-week CT on circulating BDNF levels of T2DM subjects. Additionally, were investigated the relationship between BDNF levels and CT-induced changes in executive functions and long-term memory of T2DM subjects. Methods: Thirty-five (63 ± 8 years old) T2DM subjects of both sexes were allocated to CT (n=17, thrice-weekly during 8 weeks) or control group (CONT, n=18). Executive functions (evaluated through Trail making test, Stroop color task, and Digit Span), long-term memory (evaluated through the simplified version of Taylor Complex Figure Test), and plasma samples were analyzed pre- and post-intervention. Results: CT induced higher improvements in executive functions composite z-score than CONT (d= 1.31). BDNF levels were not statistically altered (pre-CT: 179±88 pg/ml; post-CT: 148±108 pg/ml; pre-CONT: 163±71 pg/ml; post-CONT: 141±84 pg/ml, p> 0.05). However, pre-CT BDNF levels were positively related to CT-induced changes on executive functions composite z-score (r= 0.71), inhibitory control (r= 0.58) and cognitive flexibility (r= 0.56). Conclusion: CT improved executive functions and higher pre-training BDNF levels have been correlated to those CT-induced improvements on executive functions, independently of the training alterations in resting BDNF levels of T2DM subjects.
Mapeando a medicalização infantil e o uso de psicotrópicos entre crianças na literatura brasileira.
Authors: Batista Tavares Cátia , Rodrigues Luna 
Published: April 2022

A medicalização escamoteia questões sociopolíticas, econômicas, culturais e afetivas, redescrevendo-as como fenômenos individuais e biológicos, transformando modos de existência em patologias. A infância tornou-se alvo constante desse processo, despontando num aumento vertiginoso no consumo de psicotrópicos. Para mapear debates sobre o uso de psicotrópicos entre crianças na literatura brasileira, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica nas plataformas Scielo e BVS. Foram selecionados 32 artigos e as temáticas agrupadas em três tópicos: escola, serviços de saúde, desmedicalização. A tríade relacional escola/TDAH/psicotrópicos representou a medicalização. O metilfenidato foi o medicamento mais citado, tornando-se expressão máxima da medicalização infantil, com uso banalizado e forte tendência à cronificação. Os encaminhamentos recorrentes resultaram numa relação disfuncional entre a escola e os setores de saúde, com uma rede que tende mais a alimentar a medicalização do que questioná-la. Conflitos e disputas entre os atores não permitiam espaços de escuta para a criança. Ainda assim, foram mapeadas na literatura possibilidades de resistência e iniciativas de desmedicalização. O cenário da educação vem sendo amplamente discutido, mas ainda investe-se pouco em pesquisas que abordem o tema nos serviços de saúde.
Palavras-chave: medicalização infantil. psicotrópicos. crianças.
ABSTRACT
Medicalization conceals socio-political, economic, cultural and affective issues, redescribing them as individual and biological phenomena, transforming modes of existence into pathologies. Childhood became a constant target of this process, resulting in a increase in the consumption of psychotropic drugs. To map debates on the use of psychotropic drugs among children in Brazilian literature, a bibliographic review was carried out on the Scielo and VHL platforms. 32 articles were selected and the themes grouped into three topics: school, health services, de-medicalization. The school/ADHD/psychotropic relational triad represented medicalization. Methylphenidate was the most cited medication, becoming the maximum expression of children's medicalization, with banalized use and a strong tendency to chronification. Recurrent referrals resulted in a dysfunctional relationship between the school and the health sectors, with a network that tends more to fuel medicalization than to question it. Conflicts and disputes between the actors did not allow listening spaces for the child. Even so, possibilities of resistance and demedicalization initiatives were mapped in the literature. The education scenario has been widely discussed, but there is still little investment in research that addresses the topic in health services.
Keywords: infant medicalization. psychotropic drugs. children.