bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase regeneration of 8PSK signal using phase-sensitive amplification based on an organic–Ge hybrid waveguide
Authors: Ren Li , Li Xuefeng , Wu Xiao , Liu Hongjun 
Published: August 2022

We numerically demonstrate the phase regeneration of eight-phase-shift keying (8PSK) in an organic–Ge hybrid waveguide with

10

µ

m

length. Through filling graphene oxide with a high Kerr coefficient and engineering of waveguide dimensions, an ultrahigh nonlinear coefficient with

5

.86

×

10

6

W

−

1

m

−

1

is attained at 1550 nm. The phase regeneration of 8PSK signal is achieved by using phase-sensitive amplification of the dual-conjugated-pump degenerate four-wave mixing scheme. The error-vector magnitude (EVM), optical signal-to-noise ratio, as well as constellation diagrams of 8PSK signal are also used to evaluate the phase regeneration capacity quantitatively. A reduction of EVM from 39.25% to 1.34% for 8PSK signal is found. The results show great phase regeneration and noise-squeezing ability, which indicate that such a phase-sensitive amplifier of a waveguide can find critical promising applications in all-optical signal processing.
Lensless imaging through thin scattering layers under broadband illumination
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Bingjian , Wu Tengfei , Xu Feihu , Shao Xiaopeng 
Published: August 2022

Lensless scattering imaging is a prospective approach to microscopy in which a high-resolution image of an object is reconstructed from one or more measured speckle patterns, thus providing a solution in situations where the use of imaging optics is not possible. However, current lensless scattering imaging methods are typically limited by the need for a light source with a narrowband spectrum. Here, we propose two general approaches that enable single-shot lensless scattering imaging under broadband illumination in both noninvasive [without point spread function (PSF) calibration] and invasive (with PSF calibration) modes. The first noninvasive approach is based on a numerical refinement of the broadband pattern in the cepstrum incorporated with a modified phase retrieval strategy. The latter invasive approach is correlation inspired and generalized within a computational optimization framework. Both approaches are experimentally verified using visible radiation with a full-width-at-half-maximum bandwidth as wide as 280 nm (

Δ
λ
/
λ
=
44.8
%

) and a speckle contrast ratio as low as 0.0823. Because of its generality and ease of implementation, we expect this method to find widespread applications in ultrafast science, passive sensing, and biomedical applications.
Knowledge and attitude on sexually transmitted infections and contraceptive use among university students in Bhutan
Authors: Dorji Thinley , Wangmo Karma , Tshering Dendup , Tashi Ugyen , Wangdi Kinley 
Published: August 2022

Objectives
The unmet needs of contraception can lead to unintended pregnancy and transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STI). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the contraception use, knowledge, and attitude on STI among students under Royan University of Bhutan (RUB).

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed in Google forms and the link was shared through the college WeChat groups. The questionnaire consisted of four parts on socio-demographic, sexual behaviour and contraceptive use, knowledge, and attitude on STIs. All the students under RUB were invited to participate voluntarily in this study. The socio-demography was presented in frequency and proportion.

Result
A total of 1,283 students participated in this survey and 55.0% (701) were females. Of this, 29.4% (377) were sexually active and 94.4% reported using modern contraception. Commonly used contraceptives were: condoms (83.8%, 316) and emergency contraceptives (20.6%, 78), respectively. The mean knowledge and attitude scores on STI were 9.94 (range 2–20) and 12 (range 2–14), respectively. Good knowledge and attitude on STI were reported in 53.2% (683) and 70.1% (899) of participants.

Conclusion
Students reported average knowledge and a good attitude towards STI. Contraceptive use among university students was low. There is a need to strengthen health education on STIs in schools and universities. All forms of contraceptives especially condoms should be made easily available to sexually active people.
Noção de causalidade no pensamento de Aristóteles
Authors: Siqueira Paulo Vitor Pinho de 
Published: August 2022

Resumo: Neste artigo, nosso objetivo é expor a doutrina das quatro causas de Aristóteles de um modo geral, isto é, de uma perspectiva abrangente, tanto para aquele que já se debruçou sobre o assunto quanto para aquele que nunca o estudou. Começaremos abordando a importância e o conceito de causa em Aristóteles, onde explicitaremos algumas noções preliminares e importantes da aitiologia aristotélica. Em seguida, exporemos todos os quatro tipos de causa, a saber, as causas que posteriormente ficaram conhecidas como material, formal, eficiente e final. Por fim, analisaremos os modos de causa - os quais são, muitas das vezes, ignorados - elucidando alguns pontos e distinções importantes.
Palavras-chave: Conhecimento; Causalidade; Material; Formal; Eficiente; Final.

Notion of causality in Aristotle's thought
Abstract: In this article, our goal is to show the four causes doctrine of Aristotle in a general way, that is, from a comprehensive perspective, for both the person that already has studied the subject and for the person that never studied. We’ll start by adressing the importance and the concept of cause in Aristotle’s thinking, where we’ll show some preliminar and important notions of the aristotelic aitiology. Then we’ll expose all four types of cause, namely, the causes that later became known as material, formal, efficient and final. Finally, we’ll examine the ways of cause, which are often ignored, elucidating some important points and distinctions.
Keywords: Knowledge; Causality; Material; Formal; Efficient; Final.

Data de registro: 20/08/2021
Data de aceite: 18/03/2022
Термин «левое искусство» в художественной жизни России первой трети XX в
Authors: Крусанов Андрей Васильевич 
Published: August 2022

Аннотация
В статье рассматривается история бытования терминов «левое искусство» и «левые в искусстве» в художественной жизни России первой трети ХХ века, их проникновение в литературно-художественный дискурс из дискурса политического, использование их художественной критикой, а также различными художественными группировками, изменение семантики терминов в процессе художественной эволюции и вытеснение обратно в политическую область. Отказ художественных критиков от использования термина «левый» для классификации художников был обусловлен ликвидацией всех исторически сложившихся в русском искусстве группировок и созданием единой государственной организации с обязательным для всех ее членов творческим методом «социалистического реализма».
Regularity and inverse theorems for uniformity norms on compact abelian groups and nilmanifolds
Authors: Candela Pablo , Szegedy Balázs 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We prove a general form of the regularity theorem for uniformity norms,
and deduce an inverse theorem for these norms which holds for a class of compact nilspaces including all compact abelian groups, and also nilmanifolds; in particular we thus obtain the first non-abelian versions of such theorems. We derive these results from a general structure theorem for cubic couplings, thereby unifying these results with the Host–Kra Ergodic Structure Theorem. A unification of this kind had been propounded as a conceptual prospect by Host and Kra. Our work also provides new results on nilspaces. In particular, we obtain a new stability result for nilspace morphisms. We also strengthen a result of Gutman, Manners and Varjú, by proving that a k-step compact nilspace of finite rank is a toral nilspace (in particular, a connected nilmanifold) if and only if its k-dimensional cube set is connected. We also prove that if a morphism from a cyclic group of prime order into a compact finite-rank nilspace is sufficiently balanced (i.e. equidistributed in a certain quantitative and multidimensional sense), then the nilspace is toral. As an application of this, we obtain a new proof of a refinement of the Green–Tao–Ziegler inverse theorem.
Local linear approach: Conditional density estimate for functional and censored data
Authors: Benkhaled Abdelkader , Madani Fethi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Let

Y

Y

be a random real response, which is subject to right censoring by another random variable

C

C

. In this paper, we study the nonparametric local linear estimation of the conditional density of a scalar response variable and when the covariable takes values in a semi-metric space. Our main aim is to prove under some regularity conditions both the pointwise and the uniform almost-sure consistencies with convergence rates of the conditional density estimator related by this estimation procedure.
Elasto-plastic material model of oak at two moisture content levels
Authors: Tippner Jan , Milch Jaromír , Sebera Václav , Brabec Martin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The mechanical properties of wood show a very high dependence on the moisture content (MC). A consideration of MC in numerical simulations increases the applicability of such prediction with respect to application and moisture states of the wood material. The goal of this work is to develop an accurate orthotropic elasto-plastic model for oak wood (Quercus robur L.) at two different MC levels applicable for finite element analysis (FEA). To achieve this goal, the following steps were carried out: (a) in-house standard specimens tests in compression, tension, and shear and in all three orthogonal directions, followed by three-point bending, where all specimens were conditioned to a 12 and 25.6% MC, prior to the mechanical test; (b) integration of all obtained material characteristics into the consistent numerical material models; (c) validation of the developed material models by comparing the numerically predicted values with the experimental ones; and (d) iterative calibration of the material models by adjusting the individual material characteristics to minimize error using a reference. Material models were successfully developed with the following mean relative errors: 5.2% for 12% MC and 5.8% for 25.6% MC, respectively. Both numerical material models consistently predicted the oak elasto-plastic response that can be easily integrated into any FEA.
Simulation of transient and spatial structure of the
radiative flux produced by multiple recombinations of excitons
Authors: Sabelfeld Karl K. , Sapozhnikov Viacheslav 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we study the multiple recombination exciton–photon–exciton process governed by a coupled
system of the drift-diffusion-recombination equation and the integral radiative transfer equation.
We develop a random walk on spheres algorithm for solving this system of equations.
The algorithm directly simulates the transient drift-diffusion process of exciton’s motion. Then, at a random time the exciton recombines to a photon that moves in accordance with the radiative transfer equation, which in turn may recombine to an exciton etc. This algorithm is applied to calculate fluxes of excitons and photons as functions of time, and some other characteristics of the process. Calculations have also been carried out to validate the constructed model.
Clinician experience of metaphor in chronic pain communication
Authors: Munday Imogene , Newton-John Toby , Kneebone Ian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
This study investigated clinician experience of patient use of metaphors in chronic pain communication.

Methods
Interviews were conducted with eighteen Australian clinicians working with chronic pain patients, age range 26–64 years (M=46.6), 50% female, experience working in chronic pain ranging from 2 to 27 years (M=11.16).

Results
Thematic Analysis yielded four key themes: Metaphor as communicative tool, Metaphor as clue, Metaphor as obstacle, and Metaphor use in treatment. Clinicians identified metaphor as an important tool for patients to communicate their pain experience, whilst acknowledging that it could at times be unhelpful to patients. Metaphor was seen to contain useful information for clinicians and possess utility in assessment and treatment.

Conclusions
Metaphors play a significant role in chronic pain consultations, enabling clinician insight into pain type, psychopathology, and patient pain understanding. Metaphor in treatment phases may be underutilised. Clinicians should encourage patient metaphor use in chronic pain communication.
Stancetaking in motion: stance triangle and double dialogicality
Authors: Iwasaki Shoichi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Revealing one’s evaluation towards a shared target of stance will likely set off a chain of reactions among all participants in an interaction. This interactive activity widely recognized as stancetaking has attracted the attention of researchers in a variety of fields of inquiry. This paper intends to enrich this line of research by revealing details of stancetaking as an evolving process. It proposes to do so by recognizing two separate layers relevant for stance progression. The first is the external layer where participants physically exchange utterances in order to negotiate their stances. The second is the internal layer where each participant interacts with his/her own internalized and internalizing knowledge. To demonstrate these points, I will analyze excerpts of English conversations between unacquainted speakers who experienced a common major incident in their daily lives (an earthquake and a false missile alarm incident). I will also use a conversation in Thai to demonstrate how a speaker indexes her changing evaluation toward a third person by alternating different third person pronouns.
Gruffi: an algorithm for computational removal of stressed cells from brain organoid transcriptomic datasets
Authors: Vértesy Ábel , Eichmüller Oliver L , Naas Julia , Novatchkova Maria , Esk Christopher , Balmaña Meritxell , Ladstaetter Sabrina , Bock Christoph , von Haeseler Arndt , Knoblich Juergen A 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOrganoids enable in vitro modeling of complex developmental processes and disease pathologies. Like most 3D cultures, organoids lack sufficient oxygen supply and therefore experience cellular stress. These negative effects are particularly prominent in complex models, such as brain organoids, and can affect lineage commitment. Here, we analyze brain organoid and fetal single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data from published and new datasets, totaling about 190,000 cells. We identify a unique stress signature in the data from all organoid samples, but not in fetal samples. We demonstrate that cell stress is limited to a defined subpopulation of cells that is unique to organoids and does not affect neuronal specification or maturation. We have developed a computational algorithm, Gruffi, which uses granular functional filtering to identify and remove stressed cells from any organoid scRNAseq dataset in an unbiased manner. We validated our method using six additional datasets from different organoid protocols and early brains, and show its usefulness to other organoid systems including retinal organoids. Our data show that the adverse effects of cell stress can be corrected by bioinformatic analysis for improved delineation of developmental trajectories and resemblance to in vivo data.
Structural insights into the assembly and activation of the IL‐27 signaling complex
Authors: Jin Yibo , Fyfe Paul K , Gardner Scott , Wilmes Stephan , Bubeck Doryen , Moraga Ignacio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInterleukin 27 (IL‐27) is a heterodimeric cytokine that elicits potent immunosuppressive responses. Comprised of EBI3 and p28 subunits, IL‐27 binds GP130 and IL‐27Rα receptor chains to activate the JAK/STAT signaling cascade. However, how these receptors recognize IL‐27 and form a complex capable of phosphorylating JAK proteins remains unclear. Here, we used cryo electron microscopy (cryoEM) and AlphaFold modeling to solve the structure of the IL‐27 receptor recognition complex. Our data show how IL‐27 serves as a bridge connecting IL‐27Rα (domains 1–2) with GP130 (domains 1–3) to initiate signaling. While both receptors contact the p28 component of the heterodimeric cytokine, EBI3 stabilizes the complex by binding a positively charged surface of IL‐27Rα and Domain 1 of GP130. We find that assembly of the IL‐27 receptor recognition complex is distinct from both IL‐12 and IL‐6 cytokine families and provides a mechanistic blueprint for tuning IL‐27 pleiotropic actions.
Mother’s Own Milk Compared With Formula Milk for Feeding Preterm or Low Birth Weight Infants: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Strobel Natalie A. , Adams Claire , McAullay Daniel R. , Edmond Karen M. 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVESWe assessed the effect of feeding preterm or low birth weight infants with infant formula compared with mother’s own milk on mortality, morbidity, growth, neurodevelopment, and disability.METHODSWe searched Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Studies to October 1, 2021.RESULTSForty-two studies enrolling 89 638 infants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. We did not find evidence of an effect on mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91–1.76), infection (OR 1.52, 95% CI 0.98–2.37), cognitive neurodevelopment (standardized mean difference −1.30, 95% CI −3.53 to 0.93), or on growth parameters. Formula milk feeding increased the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (OR 2.99, 95% CI 1.75–5.11). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation certainty of evidence was low for mortality and necrotizing enterocolitis, and very low for neurodevelopment and growth outcomes.CONCLUSIONSIn preterm and low birth weight infants, low to very low-certainty evidence indicates that feeding with infant formula compared with mother’s own milk has little effect on all-cause mortality, infection, growth, or neurodevelopment, and a higher risk of developing necrotizing enterocolitis.
Responsive Feeding for Preterm or Low Birth Weight Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Talej Megan , Smith Emily R. , Lauria Molly E. , Chitale Ramaa , Ferguson Kacey , He Siran 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Responsive feeding may improve health outcomes in preterm and low birth weight (LBW) infants. Our objective was to assess effects of responsive compared with scheduled feeding in preterm and LBW infants.

METHODS
Data sources include PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, LILACS, and MEDICUS. Randomized trials were screened. Primary outcomes were mortality, morbidity, growth, neurodevelopment. Secondary outcomes were feed intolerance and duration of hospitalization. Data were extracted and pooled with random-effects models.

RESULTS
Eleven eligible studies were identified, and data from 8 randomized control trials with 455 participants were pooled in the meta-analyses. At discharge, the mean difference in body weight between the intervention (responsive feeding) and comparison (scheduled feeding) was −2.80 g per day (95% CI −3.39 to −2.22, I2 = 0%, low certainty evidence, 4 trials, 213 participants); −0.99 g/kg per day (95% CI −2.45 to 0.46, I2 = 74%, very low certainty evidence, 5 trials, 372 participants); −22.21 g (95% CI −130.63 to 86.21, I2 = 41%, low certainty evidence, 3 trials, 183 participants). The mean difference in duration of hospitalization was −1.42 days (95% CI −5.43 to 2.59, I2 = 88%, very low certainty evidence, 5 trials, 342 participants). There were no trials assessing other growth outcomes (eg, length and head circumference) mortality, morbidity or neurodevelopment. Limitations include a high risk of bias, heterogeneity, and small sample size in included studies.

CONCLUSIONS
Overall, responsive feeding may decrease in-hospital weight gain. Although the evidence is very uncertain, responsive feeding may slightly decrease the duration of hospitalization. Evidence was insufficient to understand the effects of responsive compared with scheduled feeding on mortality, morbidity, linear growth, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm and LBW infants.
Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding for Preterm or Low Birth Weight Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Wen-Chien , Lauria Molly E. , Fogel Alexandra , Ferguson Kacey , Smith Emily R. 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Cessation of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) with early introduction of complementary food provides additional calories for catch-up growth but may also increase the risk of adverse outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess effects of exclusive breastfeeding for less than 6 months compared with 6 months in preterm and low birth weight infants.

METHODS
Data sources include Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Index Medicus through June 30, 2021. Study selection includes randomized trials and observational studies. Primary outcomes were mortality, morbidity, growth, and neurodevelopment. Data were extracted and pooled using random-effects models. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias of included studies.

RESULTS
A total of 2 studies of 307 preterm or low birth weight infants were included. None of the study results could be pooled. Both studies compared EBF for 4 months to 6 months. Growth was similar between the 4-month and 6-month EBF groups for the following outcomes: weight-for-age z-score at corrected age 12 months (mean [standard deviation], 4-month group: −1.7 [1.1], 6-month group: −1.8 [1.2], 1 study, 188 participants, low certainty evidence), absolute weight gain (gram) from 16 to 26 weeks of age (4-month group: 1004 [366], 6-month group: 1017 [350], 1 study, 119 participants, very low certainty evidence), and linear growth gain (cm) from 16 to 26 weeks of age (4-month group: 4.3 [0.9], 6-month group: 4.5 [1.2], 1 study, 119 participants, very low certainty evidence). There were no apparent differences in reported morbidity symptoms. No difference in the timing to achieve motor development milestones between the 2 groups was found (1 study; 119 participants, very low certainty evidence). A limited number of studies prevented data pooling.

CONCLUSIONS
The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of exclusive breastfeeding for less than 6 months for preterm and low birth weight infants. Further studies are warranted to better answer this question.