bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constructing Robust and Reliable Health Indices and Improving the Accuracy of Remaining Useful Life Prediction
Authors: Wei Yupeng , Wu Dazhong , Terpenny Janis 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A system health index is a measurement of the health condition of complex systems. However, most of the health indices are developed based on strong assumptions. Consequently, existing health indices are not capable of measuring the actual deterioration behaviors with high accuracy. To address this issue, we introduce a probabilistic graphical model to examine the probabilistic relationships among sensor signals, remaining useful life (RUL), and health indices. Based on the graphical model, three types of conditional probabilistic autoencoders are combined to develop the health indices of a complex aero-propulsion system. The proposed method is demonstrated on an engine dataset. The experimental results have shown that the proposed method is capable of constructing robust health indices as well as improving the accuracy of RUL prediction.
Stochastic Analysis of Lubrication in Misaligned Journal Bearings
Authors: Ma Jiaojiao , Fu Chao , Zhu Weidong , Lu Kuan , Yang Yongfeng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Misalignment is common in hydrodynamic journal bearings and the causes of it can be diversified, making the lubrication performance exhibits stochasticity. Lubricant viscosity often heavily depends on temperature, which may vary during service and result in unexpected deviations. This article analyzes the stochastic lubrications of a cylindrical hydrodynamic journal bearing with misalignment under uncertainties. The stochastic Reynolds equation governing the misaligned journal bearing is discretized by the polynomial chaos expansion (PCE), an efficient uncertainty tracking tool, and then solved by the finite difference method to obtain sampled lubrication. The crude Monte Carlo simulation is used to verify the performance of the PCE frame. Various critical lubrication performance parameters are studied comprehensively by the ensemble mean, standard deviation, probability density function, and cumulative distribution function. Insightful inspections are provided on the stochastic results, and it is found that the misalignment and different stochastic parameters may cause significant effects on the lubrication performance. The new findings in the present study will guide the robust design and analysis of general hydrodynamic journal bearings.
Finnish HIV Quality of Care Register (FINHIV)
Authors: Mutru Mikaela , Isosomppi Sanna , Aho Inka , Liitsola Kirsi , Brummer-Korvenkontio Henrikki , Ollgren Jukka , Luomala Oskari , Kivelä Pia 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThe Finnish HIV Quality of Care Register (FINHIV) was created to: (1) estimate the number of people living with HIV (PLWH) in Finland, (2) evaluate the national level of antiretroviral medication use and viral suppression, (3) examine the change in the HIV epidemic in Finland to pinpoint issues to address and (4) enable evaluation of the health of the PLWH by combining the FINHIV data with other national healthcare data.ParticipantsThe FINHIV includes all people diagnosed or being treated for HIV infection in Finland since 1984. The register was formed in 2020 by combining data from the National Infectious Diseases Register (information from time of diagnosis, data from 1984) and from the 21 HIV Clinics that treat HIV-positive patients in Finland (earliest data from 1998). The register population forms a nationwide, open cohort with yearly updates; currently it consists of 4218 PLWH (including 718 deceased) with HIV diagnosed or treated in Finland 1984–2019. Current rate of new cases is 150 cases/year.Findings to dateFrom the FINHIV data, we can confirm that Finland has reached the Joint United Nations Programme for HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 90-90-90 targets set for 2020, and that the proportion of virally suppressed is constant between all 21 HIV Clinics in Finland, despite their varying size. Linkage to care is estimated at 94.3% of those diagnosed. In contrast to the treatment results, more than half of the PLWH have been diagnosed at a late stage, and the proportion has increased since 2000.Future plansCombinations of FINHIV data with other national healthcare register data in Finland will provide further information on other aspects of the health of the PLWH in a high-resource setting (eg, comorbidities, sexual health and use of healthcare resources). Additionally, implementation of patient-reported experience and outcome measures within the FINHIV is ongoing.
What are the effects of ethnicity, sexuality, disability and obesity on the odds of experiencing discrimination among Australian males? A nationwide cross-sectional survey
Authors: Armstrong Gregory , Haregu Tilahun , Young Jesse , Paradies Yin 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesThe global public health community has been slow to acknowledge the important role of discrimination in health inequality. Existing evidence on discrimination is largely based on studies of specific subpopulations and specific forms of discrimination, with limited evidence from general population samples. We assessed the individual and combined effects of ethnicity, sexuality, disability and obesity on the likelihood of discrimination among a general population sample of Australian males.Design and settingWe used data from The Australian Longitudinal Study on Male Health (n=15 988, with response rate of 35%) to estimate the prevalence of self-perceived discrimination within the preceding 2 years and we used binary logistic regression models to assess the individual and combined effects of ethnicity, sexuality, disability and obesity on discrimination.Participants13 763 adult males were included in this analysis.ResultsOne in five (19.7%) males reported experiencing discrimination in the preceding 2 years. Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander males were nearly three times (OR=2.97, p<0.001) more likely to experience discrimination. Those born in Southern/Eastern Europe, Asia or Africa were at least twice more likely to report discrimination. Homosexual or bisexual males (35.2%; OR=2.23, p=<0.001), men with morbid obesity (29.2%; OR=1.91, p<0.001) and men with a disability (33.8%; OR=2.07, p<0.001) also had higher odds of experiencing discrimination. Those belonging to one (30.4%; OR=2.60, p<0.001) or two or more (38.2%; OR=3.50, p<0.001) risk groups were increasingly more likely to experience discrimination.ConclusionsDiscrimination was correlated with ethnicity, sexuality, obesity and disability. Belonging to two or more of the risk groups was associated with substantial increases in the likelihood of experiencing discrimination. Approaches to preventing discrimination need to acknowledge and address the impact of this intersectionality.
Feasibility of prehospital identification of non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction by ECG, troponin and echocardiography
Authors: Jacobsen Lars , Grenne Bjørnar , Olsen Roy Bjørkholt , Jortveit Jarle 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundPrehospital identification and selection of treatment strategy in patients with suspected non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of prehospital ECG, troponin T (TnT) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) acquired by paramedics in early identification of NSTEMI.MethodsConsecutive patients requesting an ambulance from Sorlandet Hospital, Norway due to chest pain between November 2017 and January 2020 were screened for inclusion in the study. One ambulance was equipped with ECG recorder, point-of-care TnT test and TTE scanner, and six paramedics were given necessary training. ECG, TnT result and TTE images were acquired prehospitally and transferred to an in-hospital cardiologist. NSTEMI was suspected in patients with ischaemic ECG changes, elevated TnT or myocardial regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) at TTE.ResultsA total of 253 patients were included in the study. ECG was interpretable by cardiologists in 243 (96%), TnT in 238 (94%) and TTE images in 240 (95%) patients. NSTEMI was the discharge diagnosis in 22 (9%) of these patients. Four (18%) patients with NSTEMI had ischaemic ECG changes, elevated TnT and RWMA at TTE. Eight (36%) patients with NSTEMI had positive findings at two of the diagnostic methods, six (27%) patients had positive findings at one, and four (18%) patients had no positive findings in any of the diagnostic methods. In three patients (14%) with NSTEMI, RWMA was the only positive test. The negative and positive predictive values for RWMA were 42% and 96%, respectively.ConclusionsPrehospital acquisition of ECG, TnT and interpretable TTE images by paramedics were feasible in most patients with chest pain. Based on these examinations, it was possible to identify the majority of cases with NSTEMI prehospitally and admit the patients directly to a hospital with facilities for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for further treatment.Trial registration numberNCT04223986.
CCR1 and CCR5 mediate cancer-induced myelopoiesis and differentiation of myeloid cells in the tumor
Authors: Zilio Serena , Bicciato Silvio , Weed Donald , Serafini Paolo 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundCancer-induced ‘emergency’ myelopoiesis plays a key role in tumor progression by inducing the accumulation of myeloid cells with a suppressive phenotype peripherally and in the tumor. Chemokine receptors (CCRs) and, in particular, CCR1, CCR2, CCR5, and CCR7 are emerging as key regulators of myeloid cell trafficking and function but their precise role has not been completely clarified yet because of the signal redundancy, integration, and promiscuity of chemokines and of the expression of these CCRs on other leukocyte subsets.MethodsWe used the 4PD nanoparticle for the in vivo targeted silencing of CCR1, CCR2, CCR5, and/or CCR7 in the myeloid cells of tumor bearing mice to evaluate the effect of treatments on tumor growth, myeloid cell trafficking and polarization. We used flow and image cytometry and functional assays to monitor changes in the tumor microenvironment and depletion experiments and immune deficient mice to determine the role of Ly6G+cells during tumor progression. We further evaluated in vitro the impact of chemokine receptor inhibition and tumor derived factors on myeloid cell differentiation from mouse and human hematopoietic stem and precursors cells (HSPCs) using flow cytometry, transcriptome analysis, cytokines beads arrays, functional assays, and mice deficient for CCR1 or CCR5.Results4PD-mediated in vivo silencing of CCR1 and CCR5 on myeloid cells and myeloid precursors was necessary and sufficient to inhibit tumor progression. Functional studies indicated that this antitumor effect was not mediated by alteration of myeloid cell chemotaxes but rather by the repolarization of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) into tumoricidal neutrophils. Transcriptome functional and cytokine analysis indicated that tumor derived factors induced CCL3 and CCL4 in HSPCs that, through the autocrine engagement of CCR1 and CCR5, induced HSPCs differentiation in MDSCs. These finding were confirmed across mice with different genetic backgrounds and using HSPCs from umbilical cord blood and peripheral blood of patients with cancer.ConclusionsOur data support the notion that CCR1 and CCR5 and their ligands are a master immunological hub activated by several tumor derived factors. Activation of this pathway is necessary for the differentiation of MDSCs and protumoral macrophages.
Safety and antitumor activity of dostarlimab in patients with advanced or recurrent DNA mismatch repair deficient/microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) or proficient/stable (MMRp/MSS) endometrial cancer: interim results from GARNET—a phase I, single-arm study
Authors: Oaknin Ana , Gilbert Lucy , Tinker Anna V , Brown Jubilee , Mathews Cara , Press Joshua , Sabatier Renaud , O’Malley David M , Samouelian Vanessa , Boni Valentina , Duska Linda , Ghamande Sharad , Ghatage Prafull , Kristeleit Rebecca , Leath III Charles , Guo Wei , Im Ellie , Zildjian Sybil , Han Xinwei , Duan Tao , Veneris Jennifer , Pothuri Bhavana 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundDostarlimab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds with high affinity to PD-1, resulting in inhibition of binding to PD-L1 and PD-L2. We report interim data from patients with endometrial cancer (EC) participating in a phase I trial of single-agent dostarlimab.MethodsGARNET, an ongoing, single-arm, open-label, phase I trial of intravenous dostarlimab in advanced solid tumors, is being undertaken at 123 sites. Two cohorts of patients with EC were recruited: those with dMMR/MSI-H disease (cohort A1) and those with proficient/stable (MMRp/MSS) disease (cohort A2). Patients received dostarlimab 500 mg every 3 weeks for 4 cycles, then dostarlimab 1000 mg every 6 weeks until disease progression. The primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR) per RECIST V.1.1, as assessed by blinded independent central review.ResultsScreening began on April 10, 2017, and 129 and 161 patients with advanced EC were enrolled in cohorts A1 and A2, respectively. The median follow-up duration was 16.3 months (IQR 9.5–22.1) for cohort A1 and 11.5 months (IQR 11.0–25.1) for cohort A2. In cohort A1, ORR was 43.5% (95% CI 34.0% to 53.4%) with 11 complete responses and 36 partial responses. In cohort A2, ORR was 14.1% (95% CI 9.1% to 20.6%) with three complete responses and 19 partial responses. Median DOR was not reached in either cohort. In the combined cohorts, the majority of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were grade 1–2 (75.5%), most commonly fatigue (17.6%), diarrhea (13.8%), and nausea (13.8%). Grade≥3 TRAEs occurred in 16.6% of patients, and 5.5% discontinued dostarlimab because of TRAEs. No deaths were attributable to dostarlimab.ConclusionDostarlimab demonstrated durable antitumor activity in both dMMR/MSI-H (ORR 43.5%) and MMRp/MSS EC (ORR 14.1%) with a manageable safety profile.Trial registration numberNCT02715284.
Diastolic dysfunction in people with HIV without known cardiovascular risk factors in Western Kenya
Authors: Woldu Bethel , Temu Tecla M , Kirui Nicholas , Christopher Bridgette , Ndege Samson , Post Wendy S , Kamano Jemima , Bloomfield Gerald S 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesDiastolic dysfunction (DD) has been reported to be highly prevalent in people living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) leading to the hypothesis that it may be an early marker of myocardial disease. Our objective was to evaluate the prevalence of DD in people living with human immunodeficiency virus without known history of diabetes or hypertension in Western Kenya.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study in western Kenya, 110 PLWH on ART and without known diabetes or hypertension were matched for age ±5 years and sex to HIV-uninfected controls. Study participants underwent a comprehensive two-dimensional echocardiogram and laboratory testing.ResultsThe mean (SD) age in the HIV-positive group was 42.9 (8.6) years compared with 42.1 (12.9) years in the HIV-uninfected group. Mean (SD) CD4 +T cell count for the HIV-positive group was 557 (220) cells/ml. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were within the normal range and comparable between the two groups. Mean body mass index was 25.2 (5.4) kg/m2and 26.3 (5.4) kg/m2in HIV-positive and uninfected participants, respectively. There was only 1 (0.9 %) case of DD in each group. Despite low prevalence of DD, PLWH had 5.76 g/m2higher left ventricular mass index (p=0.01) and 2.77 mL/m2larger left atrial volume (p=0.02) compared with the HIV-negative group after adjusting for risk factors associated with DD.ConclusionContrary to prior reports, DD in PLWH was low. Environmental and cardiovascular disease risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension may be significant modifiers for development and progression of DD in PLWH.
Premature coronary artery disease in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory disease: a population-based study
Authors: Lai Edward Chia-Cheng , Huang Ya-Chun , Liao Tzu-Chi , Weng Meng-Yu 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThe associations between premature atherosclerosis and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are not fully investigated. To determine whether IMIDs are associated with premature atherosclerosis, we examined the risk of incident coronary artery disease (CAD) in men less than 45 years old and women less than 50 years old with various forms of IMIDs compared with general population.MethodsA population-based cohort was established and included patients with IMID, who were followed until the development of CAD, withdrawal from the insurance system, death, or 31 December 2016, whichever point came first. Patients with IMID included rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjogren’s syndrome (SjS), idiopathic inflammatory myositis, systemic sclerosis (SSc), Behcet’s disease (BD), and systemic vasculitis (SV). The comparison group was 1 000 000 beneficiaries sampled at random from the whole population as matched control participants. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the cumulative incidences of CAD in patients with and without IMID.ResultsAmong 58 862 patients with IMID, 2139 (3.6%) developed CAD and 346 (1.3%) developed premature CAD. Relative to the comparison cohorts, the adjusted HRs for premature CAD were 1.43 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.86) for primary SjS, 2.85 (95% CI 2.63 to 3.43) for SLE, 3.18 (95% CI 1.99 to 5.09) for SSc and 2.27 (95% CI 1.01 to 5.07) for SV.ConclusionsPrimary Sjogren’s syndrome, SLE, SSc and SV are associated with an increased risk of premature CAD. Our ﬁndings will support essential efforts to improve awareness of IMID impacting young adults.
Understanding peace through the world news
Authors: Voukelatou Vasiliki , Miliou Ioanna , Giannotti Fosca , Pappalardo Luca 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPeace is a principal dimension of well-being and is the way out of inequity and violence. Thus, its measurement has drawn the attention of researchers, policymakers, and peacekeepers. During the last years, novel digital data streams have drastically changed the research in this field. The current study exploits information extracted from a new digital database called Global Data on Events, Location, and Tone (GDELT) to capture peace through the Global Peace Index (GPI). Applying predictive machine learning models, we demonstrate that news media attention from GDELT can be used as a proxy for measuring GPI at a monthly level. Additionally, we use explainable AI techniques to obtain the most important variables that drive the predictions. This analysis highlights each country’s profile and provides explanations for the predictions, and particularly for the errors and the events that drive these errors. We believe that digital data exploited by researchers, policymakers, and peacekeepers, with data science tools as powerful as machine learning, could contribute to maximizing the societal benefits and minimizing the risks to peace.
Assédio moral: uma análise a partir da percepção de advogados que defenderam trabalhadores assediados
Authors: Zamarchi Morgana , Rissi Vanessa , Tomasi Lívia Bedin 
Published: January 2022

O assédio moral tem reverberado em pedidos indenizatórios junto ao poder judiciário trabalhista, e muitos deles têm sido negados. Dentre os motivos, estão as inconsistências apresentadas pelos advogados nos processos judiciais. Desse modo, o objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a compreensão dos advogados em relação ao assédio moral no trabalho, por meio de um estudo qualitativo com 16 advogados, que defenderam ao menos um processo de assédio moral. Os dados oriundos de entrevistas foram tratados por análise de conteúdo, gerando categorias temáticas a posteriori. Os principais
achados indicaram compreensões sobre o assédio moral divergentes do embasamento jurídico e psicológico, em termos de definição e caracterização, bem como quanto à distinção entre assédio e dano moral. Ademais, os advogados informaram os principais meios de prova utilizados, as dificuldades no estabelecimento do nexo causal entre assédio e
adoecimento e relataram condutas enganosas que contribuem para fragilizar a noção de assédio moral. Os resultados geram preocupações quanto ao enfrentamento do assédio moral no trabalho, indicando a necessidade de qualificar a compreensão dos advogados.
Linking the Brain with Behavior: The Neural Dynamics of Success and Failure in Goal-directed Behavior
Authors: Robinson Amanda K. , Rich Anina N. , Woolgar Alexandra 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe human brain is extremely flexible and capable of rapidly selecting relevant information in accordance with task goals. Regions of frontoparietal cortex flexibly represent relevant task information such as task rules and stimulus features when participants perform tasks successfully, but less is known about how information processing breaks down when participants make mistakes. This is important for understanding whether and when information coding recorded with neuroimaging is directly meaningful for behavior. Here, we used magnetoencephalography to assess the temporal dynamics of information processing and linked neural responses with goal-directed behavior by analyzing how they changed on behavioral error. Participants performed a difficult stimulus–response task using two stimulus–response mapping rules. We used time-resolved multivariate pattern analysis to characterize the progression of information coding from perceptual information about the stimulus, cue and rule coding, and finally, motor response. Response-aligned analyses revealed a ramping up of perceptual information before a correct response, suggestive of internal evidence accumulation. Strikingly, when participants made a stimulus-related error, and not when they made other types of errors, patterns of activity initially reflected the stimulus presented, but later reversed, and accumulated toward a representation of the “incorrect” stimulus. This suggests that the patterns recorded at later time points reflect an internally generated stimulus representation that was used to make the (incorrect) decision. These results illustrate the orderly and overlapping temporal dynamics of information coding in perceptual decision-making and show a clear link between neural patterns in the late stages of processing and behavior.
Low Socioeconomic Status Is Associated with a Greater Neural Response to Both Rewards and Losses
Authors: White Stuart F. , Nusslock Robin , Miller Gregory E. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Low socioeconomic status (SES) has been associated with distinct patterns of reward processing, which appear to have adverse implications for health outcomes, well-being, and human capital. However, most studies in this literature have used complex tasks that engage more than reward processing and/or retrospectively studied childhood SES in samples of adults. To clarify how SES relates to the development of reward processing tendencies, we measured income-to-poverty ratio (IPR) in 172 youth who subsequently underwent functional MRI while completing a passive avoidance task to assess neural responses to reward and loss information. Participants were 12–15 years old (mean = 13.94, SD = .52; 65.7% female) from a sample broadly representative of the Chicago area in terms of SES (IPR range = 0.1–34.53; mean = 3.90; SD = 4.15) and racial makeup (40.1% White 30.8% Black; 29.1% Hispanic). To the extent they had lower IPR, children displayed a trend toward worse behavioral performance on the passive avoidance task. Lower IPR also was associated with a greater response in attention brain regions to reward and loss cues and to reward and loss feedback. Lower IPR also was associated with reduced differentiation between reward and loss feedback in the ventromedial prefrontal and parietal cortex. The current data suggest that both increased salience of reward/loss information and reduced discrimination between reward and loss feedback could be factors linking SES with the development of human capital and health outcomes.