bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration Patterns and Predictable Clinical Benefit with Nivolumab in Combination with Ipilimumab for 3P Implementation
Authors: Sheen Joong Hyuk , Yoo Jinseon , Kim Tae-Min , Lee Sang-Jin , Han Ji-Youn 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background

The combination immunotherapy (CIT), administering both nivolumab and ipilimumab, has demonstrated the durable efficacy in patients with skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), kidney renal cell carcinoma (KIRC), and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the survival benefits of the CIT vary among responders according to tumor type and thus, the biomarker development for CIT is necessary for predictive, preventive, and personalized (3P) medicine.
Purpose

To understand the mechanisms underlying the differential clinical efficacy and to explore the predictive biomarkers of the CIT, we analyzed transcriptome-based immune landscapes in SKCM, KIRC, and LUAD.
Methods

We obtained bulk tumor RNA-Seq data of LUAD (n=517), KIRC (n=506), and SKCM (n=472) from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) consortium and examined gene signature-based tumor-infiltrating immune cell profiles, as well as the correlations among expression levels of immune checkpoints and individual tumor mutational burden (TMB).
Results

Immunoprofiling revealed three subgroups of hot, intermediate, and cold clusters according to immune cell infiltration patterns for three tumor types examined. Among the relationship between immune checkpoints, CTLA-4 and PD-1 levels from LUAD and KIRC tumors were predominantly upregulated in immune-hot subgroups and exhibited strong concordance with each other (Spearman’s r=0.75 for LUAD; r=0.75 for KIRC). SKCM tumors were distinguished from LUAD and KIRC by manifesting relatively weaker correlations between PD-1 and CTLA-4 expression (r=0.58). Further analyses in the LUAD cohort presented that expression levels of immune checkpoints were dependent upon individual patient TMB, while overall tumor-infiltrating patterns of immune cells were poorly correlated with the mutational burden except the CD56dim NK cell subset.
Conclusion

Our data suggest that the gene signature-based profiling of tumor-infiltrating immune cells guides us to a better understanding of an immune landscape of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and to predict the clinically demonstrated efficacy of the CIT in each cancer type. Therefore, CIT implemented through a more comprehensive characterization of immune features in individual patient’s tumors may enhance the clinical benefit of the predictive, preventive, personalized medicine (3PM) in cancer patients.
Testing Digital Methods of Patient-Reported Outcomes Data Collection: Prospective Cluster Randomized Trial to Test SMS Text Messaging and Mobile Surveys
Authors: Agarwal Anish K , Ali Zarina S , Shofer Frances , Xiong Ruiying , Hemmons Jessica , Spencer Evan , Abdel-Rahman Dina , Sennett Brian , Delgado Mucio K 
Published: February 2022

Background
Health care delivery continues to evolve, with an effort being made to create patient-centered care models using patient-reported outcomes (PROs) data. Collecting PROs has remained challenging and an expanding landscape of digital health offers a variety of methods to engage patients.

Objective
The aim of this study is to prospectively investigate two common methods of remote PRO data collection. The study sought to compare response and engagement rates for bidirectional SMS text messaging and mobile surveys following orthopedic surgery.

Methods
The study was a prospective, block randomized trial of adults undergoing elective orthopedic procedures over 6 weeks. The primary objective was to determine if the method of digital patient engagement would impact response and completion rates. The primary outcome was response rate and total completion of PRO questionnaires.

Results
A total of 127 participants were block randomized into receiving a mobile survey (n=63) delivered as a hyperlink or responding to the same questions through an automated bidirectional SMS text messaging system (n=64). Gender, age, number of comorbidities, and opioid prescriptions were similar across messaging arms. Patients receiving the mobile survey were more likely to have had a knee-related surgery (n=50, 83.3% vs n=40, 62.5%; P=.02) but less likely to have had an invasive procedure (n=26, 41.3% vs n=39, 60.9%; P=.03). Overall engagement over the immediate postoperative period was similar. Prolonged engagement for patients taking opioids past postoperative day 4 was higher in the mobile survey arm at day 7 (18/19, 94.7% vs 9/16, 56.3%). Patients with more invasive procedures showed a trend toward being responsive at day 4 as compared to not responding (n=41, 59.4% vs n=24, 41.4%; P=.05).

Conclusions
As mobile patient engagement becomes more common in health care, testing the various options to engage patients to gather data is crucial to inform future care and research. We found that bidirectional SMS text messaging and mobile surveys were comparable in response and engagement rates; however, mobile surveys may trend toward higher response rates over longer periods of time.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03532256; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03532256
The Impact and Applications of Social Media Platforms for Public Health Responses Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Gunasekeran Dinesh Visva , Chew Alton , Chandrasekar Eeshwar K , Rajendram Priyanka , Kandarpa Vasundhara , Rajendram Mallika , Chia Audrey , Smith Helen , Leong Choon Kit 
Published: February 2022

Background
Social media platforms have numerous potential benefits and drawbacks on public health, which have been described in the literature. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed our limited knowledge regarding the potential health impact of these platforms, which have been detrimental to public health responses in many regions.

Objective
This review aims to highlight a brief history of social media in health care and report its potential negative and positive public health impacts, which have been characterized in the literature.

Methods
We searched electronic bibliographic databases including PubMed, including Medline and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Xplore, from December 10, 2015, to December 10, 2020. We screened the title and abstracts and selected relevant reports for review of full text and reference lists. These were analyzed thematically and consolidated into applications of social media platforms for public health.

Results
The positive and negative impact of social media platforms on public health are catalogued on the basis of recent research in this report. These findings are discussed in the context of improving future public health responses and incorporating other emerging digital technology domains such as artificial intelligence. However, there is a need for more research with pragmatic methodology that evaluates the impact of specific digital interventions to inform future health policy.

Conclusions
Recent research has highlighted the potential negative impact of social media platforms on population health, as well as potentially useful applications for public health communication, monitoring, and predictions. More research is needed to objectively investigate measures to mitigate against its negative impact while harnessing effective applications for the benefit of public health.
Enhancing Clinical Information Display to Improve Patient Encounters: Human-Centered Design and Evaluation of the Parkinson Disease-BRIDGE Platform
Authors: Brown Ethan G , Schleimer Erica , Bledsoe Ian O , Rowles William , Miller Nicolette A , Sanders Stephan J , Rankin Katherine P , Ostrem Jill L , Tanner Caroline M , Bove Riley 
Published: February 2022

Background
People with Parkinson disease (PD) have a variety of complex medical problems that require detailed review at each clinical encounter for appropriate management. Care of other complex conditions has benefited from digital health solutions that efficiently integrate disparate clinical information. Although various digital approaches have been developed for research and care in PD, no digital solution to personalize and improve communication in a clinical encounter is readily available.

Objective
We intend to improve the efficacy and efficiency of clinical encounters with people with PD through the development of a platform (PD-BRIDGE) with personalized clinical information from the electronic health record (EHR) and patient-reported outcome (PRO) data.

Methods
Using human-centered design (HCD) processes, we engaged clinician and patient stakeholders in developing PD-BRIDGE through three phases: an inspiration phase involving focus groups and discussions with people having PD, an ideation phase generating preliminary mock-ups for feedback, and an implementation phase testing the platform. To qualitatively evaluate the platform, movement disorders neurologists and people with PD were sent questionnaires asking about the technical validity, usability, and clinical relevance of PD-BRIDGE after their encounter.

Results
The HCD process led to a platform with 4 modules. Among these, 3 modules that pulled data from the EHR include a longitudinal module showing motor ratings over time, a display module showing the most recently collected clinical rating scales, and another display module showing relevant laboratory values and diagnoses; the fourth module displays motor symptom fluctuation based on an at-home diary. In the implementation phase, PD-BRIDGE was used in 17 clinical encounters for patients cared for by 1 of 11 movement disorders neurologists. Most patients felt that PD-BRIDGE facilitated communication with their clinician (n=14, 83%) and helped them understand their disease trajectory (n=11, 65%) and their clinician’s recommendations (n=11, 65%). Neurologists felt that PD-BRIDGE improved their ability to understand the patients’ disease course (n=13, 75% of encounters), supported clinical care recommendations (n=15, 87%), and helped them communicate with their patients (n=14, 81%). In terms of improvements, neurologists noted that data in PD-BRIDGE were not exhaustive in 62% (n=11) of the encounters.

Conclusions
Integrating clinically relevant information from EHR and PRO data into a visually efficient platform (PD-BRIDGE) can facilitate clinical encounters with people with PD. Developing new modules with more disparate information could improve these complex encounters even further.
Using Virtual Reality to Improve Classroom Behavior in People With Down Syndrome: Within-Subjects Experimental Design
Authors: Michalski Stefan Carlo , Szpak Ancret , Ellison Caroline , Cornish Rowena , Loetscher Tobias 
Published: February 2022

Background
People with Down syndrome face various learning challenges. Introducing new and enjoyable experiences in learning settings may improve learning outcomes. Immersive and interactive technologies such as virtual reality can be used to deliver rich visual experiences in classrooms.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and benefits of virtual reality exposure for people with Down syndrome in learning settings.

Methods
To address this aim, we used a within-subjects design to assess the effect of a brief virtual reality drawing experience and conventional drawing experience on subsequent behavior in 16 participants.

Results
Large positive effects were found for virtual reality drawing (t15=5.020, P<.001) and conventional drawing (t15=3.720, P=.002) in improving subsequent behavior in a learning setting. Irrespective of the intervention, the participant’s mood, attention, and overall behavior significantly improved. No significant differences were found between the interventions (t15=–0.648; P=.53).

Conclusions
This study’s results are encouraging for researchers and educators interested in using virtual reality for people with Down syndrome, as virtual reality was found to be highly feasible. Recommendations are made for researchers and educators interested in providing virtual reality experiences for people with Down syndrome.
Serological Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Companion Animals in Pakistan: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Ullah Aman , Ahsan Aitzaz , Akhtar Siddra Tayyab , Chauhadry Ambreen , Malik Muhammad Wasif , Khan Mumtaz Ali , Ansari Jamil A , Ikram Aamer 
Published: February 2022

Background
Coronaviruses infect both humans and animals. One of these viruses, SARS-CoV-2, associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, is believed to be zoonotic in nature with its origins from live animal markets in Wuhan, China. The virus has been reported to transmit from humans to other animals and within animal species both naturally and experimentally in many countries. Being a novel virus, studies are needed to understand how it affects animals, possible spread to humans, and other potential roles in the epidemiology of COVID-19 following a one health approach.

Objective
Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional sero-survey among companion animals (pet dogs and cats) in twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan with the aim to determine the seroprevalence of COVID-19 among these animals.

Methods
The study was conducted from November 2020 to April 2021, coinciding with the end of the second wave and the peak of the third wave of COVID-19 in Pakistan. We collected serum samples from 83 animals (68 dogs and 15 cats) from 10 small animal clinics and surgeries in twin cities. The data were collected on the species, age, sex, clinical history, travel history, and confirmation of COVID-19 among the owners or their families, presented with various clinical histories. The samples were tested by ID Screen SARS-CoV-2 double antigen multispecies enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay developed by ID.Vet, France.

Results
A combined seroprevalence of COVID-19 among these companion animals of 7.23% (6/83; 95% CI 2.7%-15.07%) was found. Further, the seroprevalence of COVID-19 among dogs and cats were 7.35% (5/68; 95% CI 2.43%-16.33%) and 6.67% (1/15; 95% CI 0.17%-31.95%), respectively. Both species were found to be similarly susceptible to COVID-19 (odds ratio 1.11, 95% CI 0.12-10.27; P=.92). Animals in families with a history of COVID-19 among owners were more likely to be seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 (odds ratio 11.8, 95% CI 1.93-71.89; P=.002).

Conclusions
The results suggest a possible transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from pet owners to their companion animals. However, further studies may be needed to evaluate this hypothesis and the role of pets as potential reservoirs for SARS-CoV-2 infection for humans and other animals.
The Impact of Comorbidities on COVID-19 Severity and Mortality in Egypt
Authors: Elghazaly Shereen , Abu El Sood Hanaa , Samy Sahar , AbdelFatah Mohamad , Hassany Mohamed , Khader Yousef , Afifi Salma , Eid Alaa 
Published: February 2022

Background
Older persons and people of any age with certain underlying comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, lung disease, kidney disease, liver disease, and cancer are at a higher risk of severe disease course and death if they become infected with COVID-19. Identifying at-risk groups and risk factors for COVID-19 severity and mortality is important for guiding the efficient and appropriate prevention and management of patients with COVID-19.

Objective
This study aimed at describing the demographics and epidemiologic characteristics of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Egypt and determining the impact of different comorbidities on patients’ outcomes.

Methods
The data of all confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to 408 governmental hospitals all over Egypt from February to May 2020 were collected retrospectively from the National Egyptian Disease Surveillance System. The cases were confirmed using RT-PCR.

Results
Overall, 28,415 patients (55% male and 45% female) were identified. Their median age was 44 years. Of those, 743 (2.6%) were admitted to ICU, 408 (1.4%) required ventilator, and 1045 (3.7%) died. Of the 21,617 (76.1%) patients with completed data, 4687 (21.7%) had comorbidities. Overall, 11.8% had diabetes, 5.3% cardiovascular disease, and 4.3% chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Those who had 1 comorbidity were more likely to die (odds ratio 2.83), were admitted to ICU (odds ratio 6.36), and needed a ventilator (odds ratio 5.95) compared to patients with no comorbidities. Having multiple comorbidities increased the risk of mortality (odds ratio 3.53), ICU admission (odds ratio 8.62), and requiring a ventilator (odds ratio 9.06).

Conclusions
COVID-19 patients with comorbidities had a higher risk of disease severity and mortality. Multiple comorbidities further increase the risk to a higher extent. All necessary precautions should be taken for patients with comorbidities to avoid COVID-19 infection in order to prevent the worst prognosis.
In-Hospital and 1-Year Mortality Trends in a National Cohort of US Veterans with Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Sohaney Ryann , Yin Huiying , Shahinian Vahakn , Saran Rajiv , Burrows Nilka Ríos , Pavkov Meda E. , Banerjee Tanushree , Hsu Chi-yuan , Powe Neil , Steffick Diane , Zivin Kara , Heung Michael 
Published: February 2022

Background and objectives
AKI, a frequent complication among hospitalized patients, confers excess short- and long-term mortality. We sought to determine trends in in-hospital and 1-year mortality associated with AKI as defined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes consensus criteria.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
This retrospective cohort study used data from the national Veterans Health Administration on all patients hospitalized from October 1, 2008 to September 31, 2017. AKI was defined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes serum creatinine criteria. In-hospital and 1-year mortality trends were analyzed in patients with and without AKI using Cox regression with year as a continuous variable.

Results
We identified 1,688,457 patients and 2,689,093 hospitalizations across the study period. Among patients with AKI, 6% died in hospital, and 28% died within 1 year. In contrast, in-hospital and 1-year mortality rates were 0.8% and 14%, respectively, among non-AKI hospitalizations. During the study period, there was a slight decline in crude in-hospital AKI-associated mortality (hazard ratio, 0.98 per year; 95% confidence interval, 0.98 to 0.99) that was attenuated after accounting for patient demographics, comorbid conditions, and acute hospitalization characteristics (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.99 per year; 95% confidence interval, 0.99 to 1.00). This stable temporal trend in mortality persisted at 1 year (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.00 per year; 95% confidence interval, 0.99 to 1.00).

Conclusions
AKI associated mortality remains high, as greater than one in four patients with AKI died within 1 year of hospitalization. Over the past decade, there seems to have been no significant progress toward improving in-hospital or long-term AKI survivorship.
“Me gusta confiar más en lo que veo que en lo que alguien me cuenta”., Entrevista a Walter Astrada
Authors: Dixit Redacción 
Published: February 2022

Eligió su profesión para poder investigar, contar historias y viajar. Luego de trabajar tres años en un diario argentino, emprendió un viaje por Brasil, Perú, Chile y Bolivia, para componer el proyecto personal “La Fe”. Trabajó para la Associated Press y más adelante para la Agence France Press, donde cubrió los conflictos en África del Este. En el año 2010 recibió el primer premio en la categoría “Noticias destacadas” del World Press Photo, entre otros reconocimientos. Para este fotoperiodista argentino es complicado asistir a la entrega de los premios, aunque considera que muchas veces es la única manera de hacer visibles realidades que de otra manera no se conocerían.
Texto de Eleonora Achugar. <i>in-dios</i>
Authors: Achugar Eleonora 
Published: February 2022

Ya no me acuerdo cómo insultaba al manejar en Montevideo. Sí recuerdo que me conducía como una demente y que una noche hice caer por una calle en bajada el fusca de mis padres, apagado y en punto muerto, para demostrarle algo a unos amigos, ya no sé qué. La dueña de la camioneta donde terminó el recorrido de mi auto observaba la escena desde su balcón gritándome “tarada” sin que yo hiciera otra cosa que ponerme pálida del susto. Como digo, conducía como desquiciada e insultaba a quienes se toparan en mi camino con soeces palabras que ya olvidé.
Texto de Leticia Linn. <i>Del otro lado del pasado</i>
Authors: Linn Leticia 
Published: February 2022

Todo está en movimiento y sin embargo es distinto. Luce como cualquier ciudad de Japón, pero al bajar del tren ya se siente diferente. No engañan sus edificios nuevos, ni tampoco el ritmo de su gente caminando de un lado al otro. De inmediato se percibe que allí la historia cambió en un segundo, un 6 de agosto 65 años atrás.
Un portal con historia de innovación en Uruguay
Authors: Dixit Redacción 
Published: February 2022

En 1991, tres ingenieros diseñaron un sitio, con el objetivo de difundir su trabajo vinculado al desarrollo del software y la conectividad. El espacio fue evolucionando a través del tiempo hasta convertirse hoy en Montevideo COMM, un portal con tres vertientes: Montevideo Conecta, Montevideo Desarrolla y Montevideo Portal.
Las redacciones de papel e Internet. Convergencia: un camino hacia el futuro
Authors: Abad Jimena 
Published: February 2022

Las redacciones de los diarios viven modificaciones en un tiempo de revolución digital, que varios autores coinciden en definir como la más importante desde la imprenta de Gutenberg. Los medios están acostumbrados a los cambios. Los historiadores británicos Asa Briggs y Peter Burke afirman que los medios deben ser vistos como “un sistema en cambio perpetuo” y agregan que esas modificaciones han tenido “importantes consecuencias sociales y culturales”. Los diarios vivieron el advenimiento de la radio, la radio el de la televisión y la televisión el de Internet. Y, a diferencia de lo que muchos futurólogos pronosticaron, ni los diarios desaparecieron por la radio ni la radio por la televisión. Al contrario, los medios convivieron. Hoy es Internet la supuesta amenaza. Sin embargo, los periódicos –que hasta hace un tiempo tenían sus sitios web relegados– parecen apostar al otrora hermano menor. No lo hacen porque sí: los diarios viven en la incertidumbre. Para adaptarse apuestan a reorganizar el corazón de los diarios: la redacción. Llegó la convergencia de redacciones de papel e Internet; es un camino hacia el futuro. En este artículo, la autora analiza experiencias y plantea las preguntas más fundamentales para pensar este tema. Palabras clave: convergencia y cambio en las redacciones, prensa digital y en papel periodismo digital, diarios, producción periodística, edición periodística.Editorial departments of newspapers are going through times of change amidst the digital revolution which ome authors catalogue as the most important since the Gutenberg press. The media are used to changes. British historians Asa Briggs and Peter Burke say that the media have to be perceived as “a system in perpetual change” and add that these modifications have had “important social and cultural consequences”. Newspapers have seen the advent of the radio, radio of TV and TV of the Internet. Despite the predictions of many futurologists, neither newspapers have disappeared because of the radio, nor radio with TV. On the contrary, they coexist together. The Internet is today a sudden threat. Nevertheless, newspapers –which up until recently had their websites in a relegated position– seem to begin to bet their stakes for their younger sibling. Newspapers live in uncertainty. In order to adapt they try to reorganize the heart of their business: the editorial department. These are times of convergence of the print and web editorial departments, it's a time to the future. In this article the author analyzes different experiences and raises key issues to approach the topic.Key words: convergence and change at the editorial departments, digital and paper media, digital journalism, newspapers, journalistic production, journalistic edition.