bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Elastic Organic Crystals that Respond to Aerial Humidity
Authors: Lan Linfeng , Yang Xuesong , Tang Baolei , Yu Xu , Liu Xiaokong , Li Liang , Naumov Panče , Zhang Hongyu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractReshaping of elongated organic crystals that can be used as semiconductors, waveguides or soft robotic grippers by application of force or light is now a commonplace, however mechanical response of organic crystals to changes in humidity has not been accomplished yet. Here, we report a universal approach to instigating a humidity response into elastically bendable organic crystals that elicits controllable deformation with linear response to aerial humidity while retaining their physical integrity entirely intact. Hygroresponsive bilayer elements are designed by mechanically coupling a humidity‐responsive polymer with elastic molecular crystals that have been mechanically reinforced by a polymer coating. As an illustration of the application of these cladded crystalline actuators, they are tested as active optical transducers of visible light where the position of light output can be precisely controlled by variations in aerial humidity. Within a broader context, the approach described here provides access to a vast range of mechanically robust, lightweight hybrid hygroresponsive crystalline materials.
Fish acoustic community structure in Neptune seagrass meadows across the Mediterranean basin
Authors: Bolgan Marta , Di Iorio Lucia , Dailianis Thanos , Catalan Ignacio A. , Lejeune Pierre , Picciulin Marta , Parmentier Eric 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Sound production represents an integral part of social communication in many teleost fish; however, few studies have investigated the structure, organization and variability of fish sounds at the community level.
Fish acoustic community structure was recorded simultaneously in three sites located along the Mediterranean basin within the endemic habitat of Posidonia oceanica seagrass beds. Acoustic diversity and species‐specific sound features were expected to differ between locations. We predicted that, in communities characterized by higher acoustic richness, fish species would specialize in their use of acoustic resources (i.e. realized acoustic niche compression), while the overall allocation of resources within the community signal space would expand.
The fish acoustic communities inhabiting Posidonia beds were characterized by the same main contributors (the /Kwa/, Ophidion rochei and Sciaena umbra sound types). However, their relative occurrence, abundances and use of acoustic resources were site‐specific. Acoustic diversity differed between geographic locations. The range of spectral and temporal resources exploited by the fish acoustic community was wider in sites where acoustic richness was at its highest score. Ophidion rochei was highly specialized in its use of temporal resources where acoustic richness was higher, whilst S. umbra appeared less efficient in specializing the use of spectral and temporal resources.
By showing that the same species can exploit different acoustic resources between locations, this study supports the concept of Acoustic Niche plasticity (i.e. plasticity of acoustic resources allocation within a species). The results suggest that the degree of acoustic niche plasticity might be determined by the species‐specific degree of sound‐producing system plasticity. In turn, different degrees of acoustic niche plasticity might determine different species‐specific levels of acoustic adaptability to changing biotic or environmental conditions.
Green synthesis of pregabalin‐stabilized gold nanoclusters and their applications in sensing and drug release
Authors: Ali Reham , Alfeneekh Bayader , Chigurupati Sridevi , Saleh Sayed M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis is the first report on the simple preparation of gold nanoclusters stabilized with pregabalin (PREG) as a capping and reducing agent. PREG is an active pharmaceutical ingredient of the commercially available drug “Lyrica” used to treat different diseases like epilepsy and anxiety. PREG has never been used before in the synthesis of any nanoparticles or nanoclusters. The prepared gold nanoclusters (PREG‐stabilized gold nanoclusters [PREG‐AuNCs]) have blue fluorescence with excitation/emission at 365/425 nm, respectively. The reaction conditions were optimized for the synthesis of the as‐prepared AuNCs. Different tools were used for the characterization of the synthesized nanoclusters in terms of size and surface properties. The PREG‐AuNCs were exploited as a sensitive and selective fluorescent nanosensor for Cu2+ detection. The quenching of AuNC fluorescence intensity in the presence of Cu2+ is due to the aggregation‐induced fluorescence quenching mechanism. The detection limit of Cu2+ ions was found to be 1.11 × 10−7 M. The selectivity of the PREG‐AuNCs was studied and proved to be excellent. The drug entrapment efficacy and in vitro drug diffusion studies along with drug release kinetics helped to understand more about the pharmaceutical approaches of PREG‐AuNCs. Moreover, we think that PREG‐AuNCs open new opportunities as a promising candidate material for drug delivery systems and medical applications.
Risk assessment for nitrosated pharmaceuticals: A future perspective in drug development
Authors: Schmidtsdorff Sebastian , Neumann Jonas , Schmidt Alexander H. , Parr Maria K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSince June 2018, thousands of drug products from around the world had to be recalled due to the unexpected presence of nitrosamines (NAs). Starting with the pharmaceutical group of sartans, antidiabetic drugs, antihistamines, and antibiotics also became the subject of investigation. The occurrence of NAs has shown that pharmaceutical companies and regulatory agencies did not focus on these substances in the past during drug development. In this study, we incorporated a nitrosation assay procedure into high‐resolution supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC)–mass spectrometry screening to test the potential of direct nitrosation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The forced degradation study was performed with a four‐fold molar excess of sodium nitrite, relative to the drug substance, at pH 3–4 for 4 h at 37°C. Chromatographic separation was performed on a porous graphitic carbon column by SFC. The mass analysis then focused on direct N‐nitrosation or N‐nitroso compounds (NOCs) formed after dealkylation. Substances (n = 67) from various pharmaceutical classes were evaluated and 49.3% of them formed NOCs, of which 21.2% have not yet been reported in the literature. In addition, for two APIs, which are known to form an unidentified NOC, the structure could be identified. A few substances also showed multiple NOCs and even N,N’‐dinitroso‐species. As NAs are carcinogens, they have to be eliminated or at least limited to prevent cancer in patients, who rely on these drugs. This study contributes a procedure that can be implemented in preapproval drug development and postapproval risk assessment to prevent unexpected findings in the future.
Chemiluminescent Probes Based on 1,2‐Dioxetane Structures For Bioimaging
Authors: Wang Yaling , Bian Yongning , Chen Xueqian , Su Dongdong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractChemiluminescent probes based on 1,2‐dioxetane scaffold are one of the most sensitive imaging modalities for detecting disease‐related biomarkers and can obtain more accurate biological information in cells and in vivo. Due to the elimination of external light excitation, the background autofluorescence problem in fluorescence technology can be effectively avoided, providing ultrahigh sensitivity and signal‐to‐noise ratio for various applications. In this review, we highlight a comprehensive but concise overview of activatable 1,2‐dioxetane‐based chemiluminescent probes by reporting significant advances in accurate detection and bioimaging. The design principles and applications for reactive species, enzymes, and other disease‐related biomarkers are systematically discussed and summarized. The challenges and potential prospects of chemiluminescent probes are also discussed to further promote the development of new chemiluminescence methods for biological analysis and diagnosis.
LRFN5 locus structure is associated with autism and influenced by the sex of the individual and locus conversions
Authors: Lybæk Helle , Robson Michael , de Leeuw Nicole , Hehir‐Kwa Jayne Y. , Jeffries Aaron , Haukanes Bjørn Ivar , Berland Siren , de Bruijn Diederik , Mundlos Stefan , Spielmann Malte , Houge Gunnar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLRFN5 is a regulator of synaptic development and the only gene in a 5.4 Mb mammalian‐specific conserved topologically associating domain (TAD); the LRFN5 locus. An association between locus structural changes and developmental delay (DD) and/or autism was suggested by several cases in DECIPHER and own records. More significantly, we found that maternal inheritance of a specific LRFN5 locus haplotype segregated with an identical type of autism in distantly related males. This autism‐susceptibility haplotype had a specific TAD pattern. We also found a male/female quantitative difference in the amount histone‐3‐lysine‐9‐associated chromatin around the LRFN5 gene itself (p < 0.01), possibly related to the male‐restricted autism susceptibility. To better understand locus behavior, the prevalence of a 60 kb deletion polymorphism was investigated. Surprisingly, in three cohorts of individuals with DD (n = 8757), the number of deletion heterozygotes was 20%–26% lower than expected from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. This suggests allelic interaction, also because the conversions from heterozygosity to wild‐type or deletion homozygosity were of equal magnitudes. Remarkably, in a control group of medical students (n = 1416), such conversions were three times more common (p = 0.00001), suggesting a regulatory role of this allelic interaction. Taken together, LRFN5 regulation appears unusually complex, and LRFN5 dysregulation could be an epigenetic cause of autism.Lay SummaryLRFN5 is involved with communication between brain cells. The gene sits alone in a huge genomic niche, called the LRFN5 locus, of complex structure and high mammalian conservation. We have found that a specific locus structure increases autism susceptibility in males, but we do not yet know how common this epigenetic cause of autism is. It is, however, a cause that potentially could explain why higher‐functioning autism is more common in males than females.
Febuxostat and its major acyl glucuronide metabolite are potent inhibitors of organic anion transporter 3: Implications for drug‐drug interactions with rivaroxaban
Authors: Tang Lloyd Wei Tat , Cheong Tino Woon Huai , Chan Eric Chun Yong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFebuxostat is a second‐line xanthine oxidase inhibitor that undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism to yield its major acyl‐β‐D‐glucuronide metabolite (febuxostat AG). It was recently reported that febuxostat inhibited organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3)‐mediated uptake of enalaprilat. Here, we investigated the inhibition of febuxostat and febuxostat AG on OAT3 in transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Our transporter inhibition assays confirmed the potent noncompetitive and competitive inhibition of OAT3‐mediated estrone‐3‐sulfate transport by febuxostat and febuxostat AG with corresponding apparent Ki values of 0.55 and 6.11 μM respectively. After accounting for probe substrate‐dependency and protein binding effects, mechanistic static modelling with the direct factor Xa anticoagulant rivaroxaban estimated a 1.47‐fold increase in its systemic exposure when co‐administered with febuxostat based on OAT3 interaction which in turn exacerbates the bleeding risk from baseline for patients with atrial fibrillation by 1.51‐fold. Taken together, our results suggested that the concomitant usage of febuxostat with rivaroxaban may potentially culminate in a clinically‐significant drug‐drug interaction and result in an increased risk of bleeding as a result of its OAT3 inhibition.
A Hexameric Ribozyme Nanostructure Formed by Double‐Decker Assembly of a Pair of Triangular Ribozyme Trimers
Authors: Yu Kai , Hidaka Kumi , Sugiyama Hiroshi , Endo Masayuki , Matsumura Shigeyoshi , Ikawa Yoshiya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe modular architecture of naturally occurring ribozymes makes them a promising class of structural platform for the design and assembly of three‐dimensional (3D) RNA nanostructures, into which the catalytic ability of the platform ribozyme can be installed. We have constructed and analyzed RNA nanostructures with polygonal‐shaped (closed) ribozyme oligomers by assembling unit RNAs derived from the Tetrahymena group I intron with a typical modular architecture. In this study, we dimerized ribozyme trimers with a triangular shape by introducing three pillar units. The resulting double‐decker nanostructures containing six ribozyme units were characterized biochemically and their structures were observed by atomic force microscopy. The double‐decker hexamers exhibited higher catalytic activity than the parent ribozyme trimers.
Treatment with secukinumab for plaque psoriasis in patients with infectious comorbidities and latent tuberculosis: A multi‐case report analysis
Authors: Fiorella Carmen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThree patients affected by plaque psoriasis and presenting with multiple infectious comorbidities and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) were initially managed with conventional DMARD therapy. After showing unsuccessful results, treatment with secukinumab was initiated without prophylactic isoniazid and soon led to favorable dermatological outcomes without the reactivation of tuberculosis infection.
Presentation of Eagle syndrome following radiation therapy to carcinoma of the larynx
Authors: Cartwright Jake K. , Moreno Francisco G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEagle syndrome is a rare clinical condition that is characterized by either an elongated styloid process or a calcified stylohyoid ligament. This report describes the case of a 35‐year‐old woman who presented with Eagle syndrome following the treatment of recurrent laryngeal carcinoma with ionizing radiation.
Case of reversible Mobitz type II atrioventricular block after the use of injectable antipsychotics
Authors: Naono Hisao , Takeda Ryuichiro , Masuyama Hiroyuki , Kawano Jiro , Naono‐Nagatomo Keiko , Ishida Yasushi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAlthough Mobitz type II atrioventricular block is typically an arrhythmia arising from a permanent organic disorder of the His‐Purkinje system, reversible factors should also be considered. Here, we report the association between a rare reversible Mobitz type II atrioventricular block and antipsychotic medication in a 75‐year‐old patient with schizophrenia.
Puzzling hepatic tumor: Epithelioid angiomyolipoma
Authors: Limaiem Faten , Baccouch Seifeddine , Boujelbene Nadia , Atallah Aziz , Hajri Mohamed , Gabsi Sofiène , Ben Farhat Leila , Bouraoui Saâdia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHepatic epithelioid angiomyolipomas are uncommon mesenchymal neoplasms. They are difficult to diagnose by imaging, especially when the fatty component is scant or absent. The gold standard for the diagnosis is histologic examination coupled with an immunohistochemical study. Positive HMB45 immunostaining of the myoid cells is a major diagnostic feature.
DMAP Immobilized on Porous Silica Particles and Monoliths for the Esterification of Phenylethanol in Continuous Flow
Authors: Schulze Julia S. , Brand Raoul D. , Hering Joachim G. C. , Riegger Luise M. , Schreiner Peter R. , Smarsly Bernd M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe report the immobilization of 4‐dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), a versatile organocatalyst for sterically demanding esterifications, on mesoporous silica particles and macro‐mesoporous silica monoliths, both possessing optimized properties for continuous flow synthesis. An alkyne‐functionalized DMAP derivative was immobilized via click chemistry; the materials were characterized by physisorption analysis, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFT) and elemental analysis. While silica particles were functionalized in batch and packed into a packed‐bed reactor, monoliths were cladded with a polyether ether ketone (PEEK) tube after sol‐gel synthesis and functionalized in a circulating flow process. Samples with three different catalyst loadings were prepared, in order to study the impact of the catalyst amount on the mesopore space as well as the catalytic performance. In continuous flow experiments, complete conversion of 1‐phenylethanol to phenylethylacetate was achieved with both materials and short contact times. Monoliths exhibited far lower pressures than packed bed reactors (7 bar at a flow rate of 1 mL min−1) and reached turnover rates up to 9.3x10−2 s−1, which is almost twice as high as a comparable batch experiment. The absence of diffusion limitations in monoliths made investigations on reaction kinetics with microkinetics‐dominated experiments possible. This study demonstrates that all properties needed for a successful transfer of immobilized organocatalysts to sophisticated flow syntheses with complex organocatalysts can be met with functionalized meso‐macroporous monoliths.
Chiral Ligand‐Driven Systematic Synthesis of Coordination Polymers with Non‐centrosymmetric Structures
Authors: Kuk Yunseung , Kee Joonhyuk , Ok Kang Min 
Published: January 2022

AbstractChirality is an important concept in chemistry revealing intriguing optical properties such as circular dichroism (CD), circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), etc. As one of the non‐centrosymmetric (NCS) classes, chiral materials with extended structures may exhibit unique nonlinear optical (NLO) properties, such as second‐harmonic generation (SHG). In this Concept article, a series of recently discovered NCS coordination polymers (CPs) from use of carefully designed chiral organic ligands are reviewed. Combining several metal cations such as lanthanides, lead, zinc, and cadmium with rigid chiral ligands has resulted in interesting CPs with both polar and nonpolar structures. Detailed structures, SHG properties, and structure‐property relationships are provided. The importance of hyperpolarizability formed by intermolecular hydrogen boding interactions to SHG is emphasized.
Pre‐ and on‐treatment lactate dehydrogenase as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in advanced non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tjokrowidjaja Angelina , Lord Sarah J. , John Thomas , Lewis Craig R. , Kok Peey‐Sei , Marschner Ian C. , Lee Chee K. 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUNDThe survival outcomes of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are variable. This study investigated whether pre‐ and on‐treatment lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) could better prognosticate and select patients for ICI therapy.METHODSUsing data from the POPLAR and OAK trials of atezolizumab versus docetaxel in previously treated advanced NSCLC, the authors assessed the prognostic and predictive value of pretreatment LDH (less than or equal to vs greater than the upper limit of normal). They further examined changes in on‐treatment LDH by performing landmark analyses and estimated overall survival (OS) distributions according to the LDH level stratified by the response category (complete response [CR]/partial response [PR] vs stable disease [SD]). They repeated pretreatment analyses in subgroups defined by the programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) status.RESULTSThis study included 1327 patients with available pretreatment LDH. Elevated pretreatment LDH was associated with an adverse prognosis regardless of treatment (hazard ratio [HR] for atezolizumab OS, 1.49; P = .0001; HR for docetaxel OS, 1.30; P = .004; P for treatment by LDH interaction = .28). Findings for elevated pretreatment LDH were similar for patients with positive PD‐L1 expression treated with atezolizumab. Persistently elevated on‐treatment LDH was associated with a 1.3‐ to 2.8‐fold increased risk of death at weeks 6, 12, 18, and 24 regardless of treatment. Elevated LDH at 6 weeks was associated with significantly shorter OS regardless of radiological response (HR for CR/PR, 2.10; P = .04; HR for SD, 1.50; P < .01), with similar findings observed at 12 weeks.CONCLUSIONSIn previously treated advanced NSCLC, elevated pretreatment LDH is an independent adverse prognostic marker. There is no evidence that pretreatment LDH predicts ICI benefit. Persistently elevated on‐treatment LDH is associated with worse OS despite radiologic response.
Influence of input values on the prediction model error using artificial neural network based on Taguchi's orthogonal array
Authors: Rankovic Nevena , Rankovic Dragica , Ivanovic Mirjana , Lazic Ljubomir 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRapid and accurate assessment of software project development using artificial intelligence tools can be essential for success in the software industry. This article has two objectives: to reduce the magnitude relative error (MRE) value in estimating the effort and cost of software development using the proposed artificial neural network architecture based on the Taguchi method and examine the influence of input variables on the change in relative error value. Clustering and fuzzification methods further mitigate the heterogeneous structure of the different project values of the datasets used. Taguchi method contributes to the reduction of the number of iterations by 99%, which achieves a significant reduction in estimation and value of MRE. By monitoring additional criteria, such as prediction, correlation, and comparing two activation functions, such as sigmoid and radial basis function, the proposed model's correctness, reliability, and stability are confirmed. Significantly better results are expected using the sigmoid activation function and a decrease in the value of the mean (MRE).
Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 14C promotes triple‐negative breast cancer progression via sustaining inactive glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta
Authors: Jian Yunting , Kong Lingzhi , Xu Hongyi , Shi Yawei , Huang Xinjian , Zhong Wenjing , Huang Shumei , Li Yue , Shi Dongni , Xiao Yunyun , Yang Muwen , Li Siqi , Chen Xiangfu , Ouyang Ying , Hu Yameng , Chen Xin , Song Libing , Ye Runyi , Wei Weidong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is fast‐growing and highly metastatic with the poorest prognosis among the breast cancer subtypes. Inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) plays a vital role in the aggressiveness of TNBC; however, the underlying mechanism for sustained GSK3β inhibition remains largely unknown. Here, we find that protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 14C (PPP1R14C) is upregulated in TNBC and relevant to poor prognosis in patients. Overexpression of PPP1R14C facilitates cell proliferation and the aggressive phenotype of TNBC cells, whereas the depletion of PPP1R14C elicits opposite effects. Moreover, PPP1R14C is phosphorylated and activated by protein kinase C iota (PRKCI) at Thr73. p‐PPP1R14C then represses Ser/Thr protein phosphatase type 1 (PP1) to retain GSK3β phosphorylation at high levels. Furthermore, p‐PPP1R14C recruits E3 ligase, TRIM25, toward the ubiquitylation and degradation of non‐phosphorylated GSK3β. Importantly, the blockade of PPP1R14C phosphorylation inhibits xenograft tumorigenesis and lung metastasis of TNBC cells. These findings provide a novel mechanism for sustained GSK3β inactivation in TNBC and suggest that PPP1R14C might be a potential therapeutic target.