bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generation of chromosome 1p/19q co-deletion by CRISPR/Cas9-guided genomic editing
Authors: Li Chao , Liu Zhong , Zhang Xiaoxia , Wang Huafeng , Friedman Gregory K , Ding Qiang , Zhao Xinyang , Li Hu , Kim Kitai , Yu Xi , Burt Nabors L , Han Xiaosi , Zhao Rui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Chromosomal translocation has been detected in many human cancers including gliomas and is considered a driving force in tumorigenesis. Co-deletion of chromosome arms 1p and 19q is a hallmark for oligodendrogliomas. On the molecular level, 1p/19q co-deletion results from t(1;19)(q10;p10), which leads to the concomitant formation of a hybrid chromosome containing the 1q and 19p arms. A method to generate 1p/19q co-deletion is lacking, which hinders the investigation of how 1p/19q co-deletion contributes to gliomagenesis.

Methods
We hypothesized that chromosomal translocation, such as t(1;19)(q10;p10) resulting in the 1p/19q co-deletion, may be induced by simultaneously introducing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) into chromosomes 1p and 19q using CRISPR/Cas9. We developed a CRISPR/Cas9-based strategy to induce t(1;19)(q10;p10) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays to detect the hybrid 1q/19p and 1p/19q chromosomes.

Results
After translocation induction, we detected both 1p/19q and 1q/19p hybrid chromosomes by PCR amplification of the junction regions in HEK 293T, and U-251 and LN-229 glioblastoma cells. Sequencing analyses of the PCR products confirmed DNA sequences matching both chromosomes 1 and 19. Furthermore, the 1p/19q hybrid chromosome was rapidly lost in all tested cell lines. The 1q/19p hybrid chromosome also become undetectable over time likely due to cell survival disadvantage.

Conclusion
We demonstrated that t(1;19)(q10;p10) may be induced by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genomic editing. This method represents an important step toward engineering the 1p/19q co-deletion to model oligodendrogliomas. This method may also be generalizable to engineering other cancer-relevant translocations, which may facilitate the understanding of translocation roles in cancer progression.
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor lipid remodeling directs proteins to the plasma membrane and governs cell wall mechanics
Authors: Xu Zuopeng , Gao Yihong , Gao Chengxu , Mei Jiasong , Wang Shaogan , Ma Jiaxin , Yang Hanlei , Cao Shaoxue , Wang Yan , Zhang Fengxia , Liu Xiangling , Liu Qiaoquan , Zhou Yihua , Zhang Baocai 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring is a common protein modification that targets proteins to the plasma membrane (PM). Knowledge about the GPI lipid tail, which guides the secretion of GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs), is limited in plants. Here, we report that rice (Oryza sativa) BRITTLE CULM16 (BC16), a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) remodels GPI lipid tails and governs cell wall biomechanics. The bc16 mutant exhibits fragile internodes, resulting from reduced cell wall thickness and cellulose content. BC16 is the only MBOAT in rice and is located in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Yeast gup1Δ mutant restoring assay and GPI lipid composition analysis demonstrated BC16 as a GPI lipid remodelase. Loss of BC16 alters GPI lipid structure and disturbs the targeting of BC1, a GPI-AP for cellulose biosynthesis, to the PM lipid nanodomains. Atomic force microscopy revealed compromised deposition of cellulosic nanofibers in bc16, leading to an increased Young’s modulus and abnormal mechanical properties. Therefore, BC16-mediated lipid remodeling directs the GPI-APs, such as BC1, to the cell surface to fulfill multiple functions, including cellulose organization. Our work unravels a mechanism by which GPI lipids are remodeled in plants and provides insights into the control of cell wall biomechanics, offering a tool for breeding elite crops with improved support strength.
Comparing Canadian paediatric rheumatology practice to the 2019 ACR Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis guidelines: results from the CAPRI Registry
Authors: Park Jonathan , Batthish Michelle , Berard Roberta A , Chédeville Gaëlle , Proulx-Gauthier Jean-Philippe , Rumsey Dax G , Tucker Lori B , Wong Stephanie , Guzman Jaime ,   for the CAPRI Registry Investigators, Cabral David , Chédeville Gaëlle , Duffy Ciarán , Gerhold Kerstin , Guzman Jaime , Hiraki Linda , Huber Adam , Schmeling Heinrike , Shiff Natalie , Tucker Lori , Basodan Daniah , Batthish Michelle , Berard Roberta A , Bolaria Roxana , Bruns Alessandra , Cabral David , Campillo Sarah , Cellucci Tania , Chan Mercedes , Chédeville Gaëlle , Chhabra Amieleena , Dancey Paul , Demirkaya Erkan , Dhalla Muhammed , Duffy Ciaran , Duffy Karen Watanabe , Gerschman Tommy , Guzman Jaime , Heale Liane , Houghton Kristin , Human Andrea , Jurencak Roman , LeBlanc Claire , Lim Lilian , Miettunen Paivi , Morishita Kim , Ng Honyan , Proulx-Gauthier Jean-Philippe , Roth Johannes , Rozenblyum Evelyn , Rumsey Dax G , Schmeling Heinrike , Scuccimarri Rosie , Soon Gordon , Tucker Lori B 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo identify differences between baseline Canadian JIA practices and the 2019 ACR guidelines for JIA.MethodsCanadian paediatric rheumatologists were surveyed for their opinions on reasonable a priori target adherence rates for JIA guideline recommendations. Prospectively collected data for 266 newly diagnosed children from 2017 to 2019 were analysed to calculate observed adherence rates. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were used to estimate the cumulative incidence of starting synthetic or biologic DMARDs (sDMARD or bDMARD, respectively) for different patient groups.ResultsA total of 25/61 (41%) eligible physicians answered the survey. Most survey respondents (64%) felt that adherence targets should vary depending on the strength of the recommendation and quality of evidence, from a mean of 84% for strong recommendations with high-quality evidence to 29% for conditional recommendations with very low-quality evidence. Data showed 13/19 (68%) recommendations would have met proposed targets and 10/19 (53%) had ≥80% observed adherence. Exceptions were the use of subcutaneous vs oral MTX (53%) and infrequent treatment escalation from NSAIDs to bDMARDs in patients with sacroiliitis (31%) or enthesitis (0%). By 12 weeks, 95% of patients with polyarthritis received sDMARDs, 38% of patients with systemic JIA received bDMARDs and 22% of patients with sacroiliitis received bDMARDs.ConclusionCanadian paediatric rheumatology practices were in line with many 2019 JIA guideline recommendations before their publication, except for frequent use of oral MTX and infrequent direct escalation from NSAIDs to bDMARDs in sacroiliitis and enthesitis.
Politics at the Gun Counter: Examining Partisanship and Masculinity among Conservative Gun Sellers during the 2020 Gun Purchasing Surge
Authors: An Minyoung , Carlson Jennifer 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
How does gender shape how conservatives “do partisanship”? This paper draws on interviews with a group of conservative Americans—gun sellers—during a year of record gun sales amid a global pandemic, civil unrest, and democratic instability. In 2020, gun sellers navigated an increasingly diverse clientele, including what they understood as an increase in liberal, progressive, and leftist gun buyers. This unique influx bucked decades-long trends of partisan sorting in America and compelled gun sellers to “do partisanship” as they fielded the new gun buyers in their stores. Integrating the literatures on the gender gap in partisanship with scholarship on hegemonic masculinity, this paper examines how gun sellers mobilized masculinity as a means of expressing and engaging in partisanship. Our analysis details how interviewees (1) embrace a brand of hegemonic masculinity that champions self-preservation and preparedness, (2) define themselves against liberal politics and policies they deem emasculating, and (3) draw partisan boundaries around gun ownership that reinforce conservatives as responsible gun owners while denigrating liberals as emotional, impressionable, and incompetent. We argue that partisanship can be understood as a gendered practice that provides insight into how conservatives make political meaning in their everyday lives.
Sall4 Guides p53-Mediated Enhancer Interference upon DNA Damage in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: Wang Lei , Tan Xiaojun , Chen Lu , Xu Sisi , Huang Weiping , Chen Nan , Wu Yizhou , Wang Chunyan , Zhou Daqiang , Li Mangmang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
p53 plays a pivotal role in maintaining the genomic stability of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) through transcriptionally activating and repressing target genes. However, how p53 recognizes its repressed targets remains largely unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that Sall4 negatively regulates DNA damage induced apoptosis (DIA) of mESCs through mediating p53 recruitment to enhancers of ESC-associated genes repressed by p53 from promoters of p53-activated genes. Upon DNA damage, Sall4 is transcriptionally repressed by p53 and plays an anti-apoptotic role without altering p53 activation. Moreover, Sall4 is identified as a novel p53-interacting partner. Consistently, Sall4 exerts its anti-apoptotic function in a p53-dependent manner. Intriguingly, Sall4 depletion not only promotes the transcriptional activation of several p53-regulated pro-apoptotic genes but also compromises p53-mediated repression of ESC master transcription factors in response to DNA damage. Mechanistically, Sall4 balances p53-binding affinity between p53-activated and -repressed genes through tethering p53 to ESC enhancers. In light of our study, Sall4 may contribute to tumorigenesis by antagonizing p53-mediated apoptosis.
Frequency of maternal supplementation of energy and protein during late gestation modulates preweaning growth of their beef offspring
Authors: Izquierdo Vinicius , Vedovatto Marcelo , Palmer Elizabeth A , Oliveira Rhaiza A , Silva Hiran M , Vendramini João M B , Moriel Philipe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of decreasing the frequency of dried distillers grains (DDG) supplementation during third trimester of gestation on cow physiology and offspring preweaning growth. At 201 ± 7 d prepartum (day 0 of the study), 120 Brangus crossbred cows were stratified by body weight (BW = 543 ± 53 kg) and body condition score (BCS = 5.47 ± 0.73), and then assigned randomly to 1 of 20 bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) pastures (six cows and 4.7 ha/pasture). Treatments were randomly assigned to pastures (five pastures/treatment) and consisted of cows offered no DDG supplementation (NOSUP) or precalving supplementation of DDG dry matter at 1 kg/cow daily (7×), 2.33 kg/cow every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday (3×), or 7 kg/cow every Monday (1×) from day 0 to 77. All cows assigned to DDG supplementation received the same total amount of DDG dry matter (77 kg/cow) from day 0 to 77. All cow-calf pairs were managed similarly from day 77 until calf weaning (day 342). Supplementation frequency did not impact (P ≥ 0.16) any forage or cow reproduction data. Cow BCS on days 77, 140, and 342 did not differ among 1×, 3×, and 7× cows (P ≥ 0.29) but all supplemented cows, regardless of supplementation frequency, had greater BCS on days 77, 140, and 342 compared to NOSUP cows (P ≤ 0.04). Cows offered 1× supplementation had greater plasma concentrations of IGF-1 on days 35 and 140 compared to NOSUP, 3× and 7× cows (P ≤ 0.04), whereas 3× and 7× cows had greater plasma concentrations of IGF-1 on day 35 compared to NOSUP cows (P ≤ 0.005). Average plasma concentrations of glucose did not differ among 1×, 3×, and 7× cows (P ≥ 0.44), but all supplemented cows had greater plasma concentrations of glucose compared to NOSUP cows (P ≤ 0.05). Birth BW of the first offspring did not differ between 3× and 7× calves (P = 0.54) but both groups were heavier at birth compared to NOSUP calves (P ≤ 0.05). On day 342, calves born from 7× cows were the heaviest (P ≤ 0.05), whereas calves born from 1× and 3× cows had similar BW (P = 0.97) but both groups were heavier compared to calves born from NOSUP cows (P ≤ 0.05). In summary, decreasing the frequency of DDG supplementation, from daily to one or three times weekly, during third trimester of gestation of beef cows did not impact cow BCS but altered maternal plasma concentrations of IGF-1 and glucose, leading to reduced offspring preweaning growth.
ODR arbitration for secured transactions in Colombia
Authors: Lozada Nicolás , Talero Diana 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The overall view of the registration and enforcement of secured transactions in Colombia has evolved since the national government adopted the electronic arbitration model rules. This kind of arbitration has facilitated the enforcement of secured transactions without resorting to ordinary courts, saving costs and time in enforcement proceedings. This article explains the step-by-step process that the Colombian government had to go through to create and implement an online dispute resolution system dedicated to secured transactions. The article gives an account of the international standards and models that provide the general guide to create a secured transactions system, along with explaining the Colombian regulatory framework that allowed the creation of the secured transactions system, and ending with the enforcement strategies of online arbitration in Colombian secured transactions.
2Animal Studies
Authors: Giraud Eva Haifa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this year’s overview of animal studies scholarship, I examine how authors strike a difficult balancing act between making critical interventions while preserving complexity, in relation to three (overlapping) topics that have long been central to the field: domestication, consumption, and extinction. The essay begins by engaging with three texts that interrogate the dynamics of domestication, especially in relation to animal rescue: Chris Pearson’s Dogopolis, Harlan Weaver’s Bad Dog, and Elan Abrell’s Saving Animals. Next, I move on to work that offers provocations about the politics of consumption: Catherine Oliver’s Veganism, Archives, and Animals, Emelia Quinn’s Reading Veganism, and Sushmita Chatterjee and Banu Subramaniam’s edited collection Meat! The essay closes by turning to research that discusses the fraught politics of extinction and environmental catastrophe: Nayanika Mathur’s Crooked Cats and Danielle Celermajer’s Summertime. While the content of each text explores ethical concerns in relation to nonhuman animals, as I describe below, these books also offer a range of ethical provocations about the trajectory of animal studies itself, which pertain to its norms, values, and methodologies. One thing that unites many of these texts, however, is that they illustrate how staunch critique of existing relations between humans and other beings does not have to come at the expense of situatedness, conceptual nuance, and recognition of complexity.
Post‐ischemic protection of hepatocyte growth factor requires the type II transmembrane serine protease matriptase—A reciprocal regulation of the two for neuroprotection in stroke brain
Authors: Lee Sheau‐Ling , Lee Michelle Hui‐Hsin , Wu Kuo‐Jen , Chiang Chia‐Wen , Chang Yun‐Xuan , Fang Jung‐Da , Tung Hsiu‐Hui , Kuo Li‐Wei , Wang Yun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MACo) model of ischemic stroke, intracerebroventricular administration of human recombinant hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mitigated motor impairment and cortical infarction. Recombinant HGF reduced MCAo‐induced TNFα and IL1β expression, and alleviated perilesional reactivation of microglia and astrocyte. All of the aforementioned beneficial effects of HGF were antagonized by an inhibitor to the type II transmembrane serine protease matriptase (MTP). MCAo upregulated MTP mRNA and protein in the lesioned cortex. MTP protein, not the mRNA, was increased further by recombinant HGF but reduced when MTP inhibitor (MTPi) was added to the treatment. Changes of the endogenous active HGF by MCAo, HGF or MTPi paralleled with the changes of MTP protein under the same conditions whilst neither HGF mRNA nor the total endogenous HGF protein were altered. These data showed that the therapeutic effects of HGF in stroke brain is attributed to its proteolytic activation and that MTP is a main protease of the event. MCAo enhanced MTP mRNA and thus protein expression; the initial use of the recombinant active HGF stabilized MCAo‐induced MTP protein and subsequent activation of endogenous latent HGF which in turn stabilized further MTP protein. A reciprocal regulation between MTP and HGF appears to be present where MTP promotes HGF activation and the active HGF prevents MTP protein turnover. This study, for the first time, shows that MTP can participate in neural protection in stroke brain through activation of HGF. The cycles of HGF‐MTP regulation achieved preservation of the neurological activity.
Apelin-Induced Relaxation of Coronary Arteries Is Impaired in a Model of Second-Hand Cigarette Smoke Exposure
Authors: Anto Santo , Sathish Venkatachalem , Sun Chengwen , O'Rourke Stephen T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Apelin, an endogenous ligand for APJ receptors, causes nitric oxide (NO)–dependent relaxation of coronary arteries. Little is known about the effects of apelin/APJ receptor signaling in the coronary circulation under pathological conditions. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the vasorelaxing effect of apelin is impaired by cigarette smoke extract (CSE), an established model for second-hand smoke exposure. Isolated rat coronary arteries were treated with 2% CSE for 4 hours. Apelin-induced relaxation of coronary arteries was abolished by CSE exposure, while relaxations to acetylcholine (ACh) (endothelium‐dependent relaxation) and to diethyl amine NONOate (NO donor) were similar in control and CSE‐treated arteries. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that apelin increased eNOSser1177 phosphorylation under control conditions but had no effect after exposure to CSE. Moreover, GRK2 expression was increased in CSE-exposed coronary endothelial cells. Pretreatment with CMPD101, a GRK2 inhibitor, improved the relaxation response to apelin in CSE-exposed coronary arteries. CSE treatment failed to inhibit relaxations evoked by CMF‐019, an APJ receptor biased agonist that has little effect on GRK2. In arteries exposed to CSE, apelin impaired the response to ACh but not to diethyl amine NONOate. ACh‐induced relaxation was unaffected by CMF‐019 in either control or CSE‐treated coronary arteries. The results suggest that APJ receptor signaling using the GRK2 pathway contributes to both loss of relaxation to apelin itself and the ability of apelin to inhibit endothelium‐dependent relaxation to ACh in CSE-exposed coronary arteries, likely because of impaired production of NO from endothelial cells. These changes in apelin/APJ receptor signaling under pathological conditions (eg, exposure to second-hand smoke) could create an environment that favors increased vasomotor tone in coronary arteries.
Identifying Mast Cells in Gastrointestinal Biopsies in Pediatric Irritable Bowel Patients
Authors: Rizvi Syed Ahsan , Oriala Chukwuemeka , Thomas Jessina , Li Shuan , Smadi Yamen 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:Mast cells (MCs) have been proposed to be involved in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Nonetheless, the quantity and distribution of MCs in the gastrointestinal tract of pediatric patients with IBS are not well defined. This study aimed to compare the number of MCs in children with and without IBS and to establish histopathological reference values in pediatrics.Methods:Forty‐nine participants with IBS were prospectively enrolled and classified into IBS with atopy (n = 29) and IBS without atopy (n = 20). As our retrospective control group, we selected 42 individuals with a history of polyposis syndrome or gastroesophageal reflux disease with normal histopathology. Retrospective selection of the control cohort was performed in a manner similar to previously published adult and pediatric studies. MCs were prospectively stained immunohistochemically on specimens from the stomach, duodenum, terminal ileum, and descending colon of both groups.Results:The IBS group showed significantly more MCs per high‐power field (MCs/HPF) in the stomach, duodenum, terminal ileum, and descending colon (P < 0.001), irrespective of their atopic status. Optimal MC cutoff values for IBS are ≥20.5 MCs/HPF in the stomach (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.84); ≥23.0 MCs/HPF in the duodenum (AUC = 0.79); ≥33.5 MCs/HPF in the terminal ileum (AUC = 0.82); and ≥22.5 MCs/HPF in the descending colon (AUC = 0.86).Conclusions:Pediatric patients with IBS showed increased numbers of MCs in the stomach, duodenum, terminal ileum, and descending colon when compared with controls. Further trials are needed to explain the role of MCs in pediatric IBS, which might facilitate the development of targeted therapeutic interventions.
Addressing Health Equity Goals for COVID-19 Vaccination Using Integrated Data and Mapping Tools: A Collaboration Between Academia, Public Health, and Health Care Systems in Columbus and Franklin County, Ohio
Authors: Hyder Ayaz , Graffagnino Cheryl , Barbeau Rebecca , Bennett Suellen , Dent Lisa D. , French Gavin , Glover Autumn , Jones Alexandria , McAdams Jennie , Nawaz Saira , Wontumi Gold-Marie , Baryeh Nana 
Published: August 2022

Context:
Data sharing between local health departments and health care systems is challenging during public health crises. In early 2021, the supply of COVID-19 vaccine was limited, vaccine appointments were difficult to schedule, and state health departments were using a phased approach to determine who was eligible to get the vaccine.

Program:
Multiple local health departments and health care systems with the capacity for mobile and pop-up vaccine clinics came together in Columbus and Franklin County, Ohio, with a common objective to coordinate where, when, and how to set up mobile/pop-up COVID-19 vaccine clinics. To support this objective, the Equity Mapping Tool, which is a set of integrated tools, workflows, and processes, was developed, implemented, and deployed in partnership with an academic institution.

Implementation:
The Equity Mapping Tool was designed after a rapid community engagement phase. Our analytical approaches were informed by community engagement activities, and we translated the Equity Mapping Tool for stakeholders, who typically do not share timely and granular data, to build capacity for data-enabled decision making.

Discussion:
We discuss our observations related to the sustainability of the Equity Mapping Tool, lessons learned for public health scientists/practitioners, and future directions for extending the Equity Mapping Tool to other jurisdictions and public health crises.