bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression and function of resolvin RvD1n‐3 DPA receptors in oral epithelial cells
Authors: Balta Maria G. , Schreurs Olav , Hansen Trond V. , Tungen Jørn E. , Vik Anders , Glaab Enrico , Küntziger Thomas M. , Schenck Karl , Baekkevold Espen S. , Blix Inger Johanne S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChronic inflammatory responses can inflict permanent damage to host tissues. Specialized pro‐resolving mediators downregulate inflammation but also can have other functions. The aim of this study was to examine whether oral epithelial cells express the receptors FPR2/ALX and DRV1/GPR32, which bind RvD1n‐3 DPA, a recently described pro‐resolving mediator derived from omega‐3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and whether RvD1n‐3 DPA exposure induced significant responses in these cells. Gingival biopsies were stained using antibodies to FPR2/ALX and DRV1/GPR32. Expression of FPR2/ALX and DRV1/GPR32 was examined in primary oral epithelial cells by qRT‐PCR, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence. The effect of RvD1n‐3 DPA on intracellular calcium mobilization and transcription of beta‐defensins 1 and 2, and cathelicidin was evaluated by qRT‐PCR. FPR2/ALX and DRV1/GPR32 were expressed by gingival keratinocytes in situ. In cultured oral epithelial cells, FPR2/ALX was detected on the cell surface, whereas FPR2/ALX and DRV1/GPR32 were detected intracellularly. Exposure to RvD1n‐3 DPA induced intracellular calcium mobilization, FPR2/ALX internalization, DRV1/GPR32 translocation to the nucleus, and significantly increased expression of genes coding for beta‐defensin 1, beta‐defensin 2, and cathelicidin. This shows that the signal constituted by RvD1n‐3 DPA is recognized by oral keratinocytes and that this can strengthen the antimicrobial and regulatory potential of the oral epithelium.
Russia–Ukraine crisis: The effects on the European stock market
Authors: Ahmed Shaker , Hasan Mostafa M. , Kamal Md Rajib 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe examine the effect of the Russia–Ukraine crisis on the European stock markets. Because of increased political uncertainty, geographic proximity and the ramifications of the fresh sanctions imposed on Russia, the European stock markets tended to react negatively to this crisis. We find that on 21 February 2022, when Russia recognized two Ukrainian states as autonomous regions, European stocks incurred a significant negative abnormal return. Moreover, the negative stock price reactions continued in the post‐event period. The magnitude of the stock price reactions to this crisis exhibits considerable variation across industries, countries and size of the company.
Orderbook demand for corporate bonds
Authors: Krebbers Arthur , Marshall Andrew , McColgan Patrick , Neupane Biwesh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe examine the determinants of investor demand for corporate bond offerings using novel data on the primary market orderbook size. We find that credit risk and bond market presence are significant in explaining investor demand. These effects are more pronounced during the crisis periods including the global financial crisis and eurozone crisis as well as during the postcrisis periods. Our results also highlight the size of the bond investor order depends on information asymmetry costs and the benefit of diversifications, as investor demand is lower for new issuers as well as very frequent issuers. The levels of investor demand have important economic consequences for bond issuers as high investor demand shortens the time to subsequent bond issues and potentially reduces the firm's cost of capital at issuance.
Afforestation can lower microbial diversity and functionality in deep soil layers in a semiarid region
Authors: Kong Weibo , Wei Xiaorong , Wu Yonghong , Shao Mingan , Zhang Qian , Sadowsky Michael J. , Ishii Satoshi , Reich Peter B. , Wei Gehong , Jiao Shuo , Qiu Liping , Liu Liling 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAfforestation is an effective approach to rehabilitate degraded ecosystems, but often depletes deep soil moisture. Presently, it is not known how an afforestation‐induced decrease in moisture affects soil microbial community and functionality, hindering our ability to understand the sustainability of the rehabilitated ecosystems. To address this issue, we examined the impacts of 20 years of afforestation on soil bacterial community, co‐occurrence pattern, and functionalities along vertical profile (0–500 cm depth) in a semiarid region of China's Loess Plateau. We showed that the effects of afforestation with a deep‐rooted legume tree on cropland were greater in deep than that of in top layers, resulting in decreased bacterial beta diversity, more responsive bacterial taxa and functional groups, increased homogeneous selection, and decreased network robustness in deep soils (120–500 cm). Organic carbon and nitrogen decomposition rates and multifunctionality also significantly decreased by afforestation, and microbial carbon limitation significantly increased in deep soils. Moreover, changes in microbial community and functionality in deep layer was largely related to changes in soil moisture. Such negative impacts on deep soils should be fully considered for assessing afforestation's eco‐environment effects and for the sustainability of ecosystems because deep soils have important influence on forest ecosystems in semiarid and arid climates.
A millennium of increasing diversity of ecosystems until the mid‐20th century
Authors: Martins Inês S. , Dornelas Maria , Vellend Mark , Thomas Chris D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLand‐use change is widely regarded as a simplifying and homogenising force in nature. In contrast, analysing global land‐use reconstructions from the 10th to 20th centuries, we found progressive increases in the number, evenness, and diversity of ecosystems (including human‐modified land‐use types) present across most of the Earth's land surface. Ecosystem diversity increased more rapidly after ~1700 CE, then slowed or slightly declined (depending on the metric) following the mid‐20th century acceleration of human impacts. The results also reveal increasing spatial differentiation, rather than homogenisation, in both the presence‐absence and area‐coverage of different ecosystem types at sub‐global scales—at least, prior to the mid‐20th century. Nonetheless, geographic homogenization was revealed for a subset of analyses at a global scale, reflecting the now‐global presence of certain human‐modified ecosystem types. Our results suggest that, while human land‐use changes have caused declines in relatively undisturbed or “primary” ecosystem types, they have also driven increases in ecosystem diversity over the last millennium.
Climatic legacy effects on the drought response of the Amazon rainforest
Authors: Van Passel Johanna , de Keersmaecker Wanda , Bernardino Paulo N. , Jing Xin , Umlauf Nikolaus , Van Meerbeek Koenraad , Somers Ben 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtreme precipitation and drought events are predicted to become more intense and more frequent over the Amazon rainforest. Because changes in forest dynamics could prompt strong feedback loops to the global climate, it is of crucial importance to gain insight into the response of tropical forests to these recurring extreme climatic events. Here, we evaluated the Amazon forest stability (resistance and resilience) to drought in the context of past dry and wet climatic events using MODIS EVI satellite imagery and cumulative water deficit anomalies. We observed large spatial differences in the occurrence of extreme climatic events from 1980 to 2019, with an increase in drought frequency in the central and northern Amazon and drought intensity in the southern Amazon basin. An increasing trend in the occurrence of wet events was found in the western, southern, and eastern Amazon. Furthermore, we found significant legacy effects of previous climatic events on the forest drought response. An extreme drought closely preceding another drought decreased forest resilience, whereas the occurrence of a recent drier‐than‐usual event also decreased the forest resistance to later droughts. Both wetter‐than‐usual and extreme wet events preceding an extreme drought increased the resistance of the forest, and with similar effects sizes as dry events, indicating that wet and dry events have similarly sized legacy effects on the drought response of tropical forests. Our results indicate that the predicted increase in drought frequency and intensity can have negative consequences for the functioning of the Amazon forest. However, more frequent wet periods in combination with these droughts could counteract their negative impact. Finally, we also found that more stable forests according to the alternative stable states theory are also more resistant and resilient to individual droughts, showing a positive relationship between the equilibrium and non‐equilibrium stability dynamics.
Effects of short‐term managed honey bee deployment in a native ecosystem on wild bee foraging and plant–pollinator networks
Authors: Weaver James R. , Ascher John S. , Mallinger Rachel E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) are important agricultural pollinators, and there is increasing demand for forage habitat for managed colonies. However, there is also evidence that pasturing honey bee colonies within natural landscapes may negatively affect wild bees through resource competition.
To assess resource competition between managed honey bees and wild bees, we conducted repeated, short‐term deployments of honey bee colonies within Florida forests coinciding with seasonal wildflower bloom, and compared wild bee foraging with and without honey bee colonies present over multiple seasons.
We recorded over 2000 bee visits including 196 pairwise bee–plant interactions. Deploying honey bee colonies was associated with a reduction in wild bee foraging rates, and honey bee and wild bee foraging rates were significantly, negatively correlated. Honey bees disproportionately visited resources with high floral density. Honey bee foraging preferences differed significantly from genera with small‐bodied (Lasioglossum, Perdita, Augochlorella), and/or specialist species (Perdita, Andrena), as well as with Megachile, but overlapped with genera including larger‐bodied (Bombus, Habropoda, Osmia, Xylocopa) and/or generalist species (Bombus, Xylocopa, Agapostemon). Deploying honey bee colonies did not significantly affect plant–pollinator network metrics.
These results illustrate that short‐term honey bee colony deployment can negatively affect wild bee foraging and that competition may be greater for certain genera, particularly larger‐bodied bees or those with generalist diets though less for smaller‐bodied and/or specialist bees. Our short‐term, low‐density deployment treatments may have precluded significant effects on network metrics and likely underestimate the effects of typical higher density and longer‐term honey bee deployment.
Present status and future directions: The restoration of root filled teeth
Authors: Mannocci Francesco , Bitter Kerstin , Sauro Salvatore , Ferrari Paolo , Austin Rupert , Bhuva Bhavin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis narrative review will focus on a number of contemporary considerations relating to the restoration of root filled teeth and future directions for research. Clinicians are now more than ever, aware of the interdependence of the endodontic and restorative aspects of managing root filled teeth, and how these aspects of treatment are fundamental to obtaining the best long‐term survival. To obtain the optimal outcomes for patients, clinicians carrying out endodontic treatment should have a vested interest in the restorative phase of the treatment process, as well as an appreciation for the structural and biomechanical effects of endodontic‐restorative procedures on restoration and tooth longevity. Furthermore, the currently available research, largely lacks appreciation of occlusal factors in the longevity of root filled teeth, despite surrogate outcomes demonstrating the considerable influence this variable has. Controversies regarding the clinical relevance of minimally invasive endodontic and restorative concepts are largely unanswered with respect to clinical data, and it is therefore, all too easy to dismiss these ideas due to the lack of scientific evidence. However, conceptually, minimally invasive endodontic‐restorative philosophies appear to be valid, and therefore, in the pursuit of improved clinical outcomes, it is important that the efficacies of these treatment protocols are determined. Alongside an increased awareness of the preservation of tooth structure, developments in adhesive bonding, ceramic materials and the inevitable integration of digital dentistry, there is also a need to evaluate the efficacy of new treatment philosophies and techniques with well‐designed prospective clinical studies.
Are electronic apex locators accurate in determining working length in primary teeth pulpectomies? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical studies
Authors: Vitali Filipe Colombo , Santos Pablo Silveira , Cardoso Mariane , Massignan Carla , Garcia Lucas da Fonseca Roberti , Bortoluzzi Eduardo Antunes , Teixeira Cleonice da Silveira 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe lack of a well‐defined apical constriction in primary teeth raises concerns regarding the accuracy of electronic apex locators (EALs) for measuring working length.ObjectivesTo evaluate the accuracy of EALs in determining working length in primary teeth pulpectomies.MethodsTwo reviewers searched ten databases up to September 2021. Clinical studies evaluating the accuracy of the electronic measurement of working length in primary teeth pulpectomies were included. Studies without a comparison group, with samples smaller than ten root canals, and that did not use a multiple frequency EAL were excluded. A meta‐analysis was conducted to assess the paired differences in mean lengths between measurements obtained by electronic and comparative methods. In addition, a meta‐analysis of proportion was applied according to the level of difference between the measures. The risk of bias and applicability of the studies were assessed using the QUADAS‐2 tool. The certainty of evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.ResultsTwenty‐nine studies were included in the qualitative analysis and twenty‐three in the quantitative analysis. The methods of comparison for the electronic measurement were the radiographic method, radiovisiographic, scanning electron microscopy, and direct visualization. The meta‐analysis showed that the electronic measurement tends to be shorter than radiographic measurement, while the other methods showed no difference. The proportion analysis showed a higher pooled proportion of difference values between electronic and comparative measurements within −0.5 to +0.5 mm (69.31%). The certainty of the evidence suggested very low confidence in estimating the outcome.DiscussionThe results of this review denote a good performance of the EALs in determining working length in primary teeth pulpectomies. However, these results are based on clinical studies with low methodological quality and high heterogeneity, which require careful interpretation for clinical practice.ConclusionsAlthough the results suggest acceptable accuracy of EALs in determining working length in primary teeth pulpectomies, the low quality of the included studies and the very low certainty of the evidence require clinicians to interpret these results with caution. More robust evidence is required to support that these devices are accurate for primary teeth.RegistrationCRD42021277414 (PROSPERO).
Upfront tandem autologous non‐myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplant in high‐risk multiple myeloma: a long‐term single‐centre experience
Authors: Nguyen Phillip C. , Muirhead Jenny , Tan Joanne , Kalff Anna , Bergin Krystal , Walker Patricia , Spencer Andrew 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe role of upfront non‐myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation (NMA alloSCT) in high‐risk multiple myeloma (HR‐MM) is unclear. We evaluated outcomes of NMA alloSCT following autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) compared with ASCT alone for newly diagnosed HR‐MM. Two‐year progression‐free survival was improved in the ASCT‐NMA alloSCT group (44% vs 16%; P = 0.035), with a trend for improved overall survival (P = 0.118). These results suggest that ASCT‐NMA alloSCT can be considered as upfront therapy in HR‐MM.
Physical characterization of BiFeO3‐based thin films with enhanced properties for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Mariano Marcos A. S. , Mendez‐González Yanela , Silva Atair C. , Monte Adamo F. G. , Lima Elton C. , Guo Ruyan , Bhalla Amar S. , de los Santos Guerra José 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present paper reports the multifunctional properties of lead‐free BiFeO3–La (BFO–La) thin films. The structural, microstructural, and optical properties have been investigated as a function of the lanthanum doping concentration. The structural properties at room temperature showed the formation of the perovskite structure, thus suggesting the high quality of the obtained thin film compositions. Raman spectroscopy analysis revealed a slight variation in both the peak position and absolute intensity for the Raman active modes, as lanthanum content increases in BiFeO3–La. Crystallized thin films with well‐defined grains as well as crack‐free surfaces have been obtained, for all the studied compositions, as inferred from atomic force microscopy images. The optical properties have been measured, and the values for the direct bandgap was significantly lower than those reported for other BFO‐based systems, being the lowest ∼1.87 eV for the Bi0.90La0.10FeO3 composition. Results revealed a noteworthy effect of the defect concentrations induced by the lanthanum doping on the long‐range crystallinity and directly affecting the polarizability of the A–O bond as well as the Fe–O and Fe–O–Fe bond lengths in the perovskite structure. The enhanced optical absorption properties registered for the Bi1–xLaxFeO3 (x = 0–20) compositions make these perovskite multiferroic thin films as a potential candidate material for the high‐performance photovoltaic device applications.
Syntheses, characterization, magnetic, and electrochemical properties of perovskite‐type NdFeO3 and NdCoO3 nanofibers
Authors: Hu Quanli , Yue Bin , Su Wang , Yang Daotong , Wang Yin , Dong Xiangting , Liu Jinghai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, perovskite‐type NdFeO3 and NdCoO3 nanofibers (NFs) were synthesized, and the magnetic and electrochemical characteristics of the two samples were investigated. The NdFeO3 NFs showed ferromagnetic performance at 298 K and paramagnetic characteristics at low temperatures, whereas the NdCoO3 NFs showed paramagnetic behavior. The NdFeO3 and NdCoO3 electrodes exhibited favorable electrochemical performance in supercapacitors and Li‐ion batteries. Therefore, this study demonstrated the potential applications of NdFeO3 and NdCoO3 NFs in the field of condensed matter physics and energy storage devices.
Evaluation of inhibitory compounds produced by bacteria isolated from a hydrogen-producing bioreactor during the self-fermentation of wheat straw
Authors: Pérez-Rangel Marisol , Valdez-Vazquez Idania , Martínez-Zavala Sheila A. , Casados-Vázquez Luz E. , Bideshi Dennis K. , Barboza-Corona José E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
The objective of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory activity of compounds secreted by bacteria isolated from a hydrogen-producing bioreactor to understand how these microorganisms interact in this community.

Methods and Results
In vitro inhibitory assays were performed using samples secreted by bacteria subject to different treatments to determine if their inhibitory effect was due to organic acids, non-proteinaceous compounds or bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS). Bacterial isolated were suppressed 43%, 30% and 27% by neutralized, precipitated and non-neutralized cell-free supernatants, respectively. Non-hydrogen producers (non-H2P) lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (Lactobacillus plantarum LB1, Lactobacillus pentosus LB7, Pediococcus acidilactici LB4) and hydrogen producers (H2P) LAB (Enterococcus faecium F) were inhibited by the production of organic acids, non-proteinaceous compounds and BLIS. Meanwhile, the obligate anaerobe H2P (Clostridium beijerinckii B) inhibited by the production of non-proteinaceous compounds and BLIS. The presence of BLIS was confirmed when proteolytic enzymes affected the inhibitory activity of secreted proteins in values ranging from 20% to 42%. The BLIS produced by L. plantarum LB1, P. acidilactici LB4, L. pentosus LB7 and E. faecium F showed molecular masses of ~11, 25, 20 and 11 kDa, respectively.

Conclusions
It was demonstrated antagonistic interactions between Lactobacillus–Enterococcus and Pediococcus–Enterococcus species, generated by the secretion of organic acids, non-proteinaceous compounds and BLIS.

Significance and Impact of the Study
We report the interactions between LAB isolated from hydrogen-producing bioreactors. These interactions might impact the dynamics of the microbial population during hydrogen generation. Our work lays a foundation for strategies that allow controlling bacteria that can affect hydrogen production.
Antifungal potential of Azotobacter species and its metabolites against Fusarium verticillioides and biodegradation of fumonisin
Authors: Deepa N. , Chennappa Gurikar , Deepthi Balappa Naik Vijaya kumari , Naik Manjunath Krishnappa , Ramesha Kolathuru Puttamadaiah , Amaresh Yatagal Sharanappa , Satish Sreedharmurthy , Sreenivasa M. Y. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
In the study, seven Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Azotobacter species were screened against three strains of Fusarium verticillioides to test its antifungal activity. Azotobacter strains were tested for the degradation of fumonisin produced by F. verticillioides. Secondary metabolites were isolated and characterized from the Azotobacter strains for the first time.

Methods and Results
Potential seven Azotobacter species antifungal activity was tested following the dual culture assay against three strains of Fusarium verticillioides namely FVM-42, FVM-86 and MTCC156 estimating the substantial zone of inhibition. Azotobacter species AZT-31 and AZT-50 strains significantly inhibited the growth of F. verticillioides recording drastic growth enhancement of maize under in-vitro conditions by calculating the infection incidence, vigour index and germination percentage. As confirmation, dereplication studies were conducted for the reconfirmation of Azotobacter strains by isolating from rhizoplane. Azotobacter strains played a key role in the degradation of fumonisin produced by F. verticillioides reporting 98% degradation at 2 h of incubation with the pathogen. Furthermore, in the study first time, we have tried to isolate and characterize the secondary metabolites from the Azotobacter strains exhibiting six compounds from the species AZT-31 (2) and AZT-50 (4). Preliminary in-vitro experiments were carried out using the compounds extracted to check the reduction of infection incidence (90%) and increase in germination percentage upto 50 to 70% when compared to the test pathogen.

Conclusion
Azotobacter strains referred as PGPR on influencing the growth of plant by producing certain substances that act as stimulators on inhibiting the growth of the pathogen.

Significance and Impact of the study
The future perspective would be the production of an active combination of carboxamide compound and Azotobacter species for preventively controlling the phytopathogenic fungi of plants and crops and also towards the treatment of seeds.