bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PENGARUH UPAH DAN MASA KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN
Authors: Rizqon Abdul Latif , Segati Ahda , Mumtaza Fiqya 
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara gaji dan masa kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan di Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Putri Kampus 1 dengan karyawan pembangunan dan unit usaha pondok sebagai responden penelitian. Latar belakang penelitian ini dilatar belakangi dengan adanya penurunan kinerja karyawan baik karyawanan pembangunan dan unit usaha pondok dalam beberapa tahun terakhir dan adanya perbedaan upah antara karyawan lama dan karyawan baru.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh peneliti dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dan metode verifikatif. Dalam penelitian ini teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik probability sampling dengan jenis random sampling dan rumus slovin untuk menentukan jumlah responden sehingga menggunakan 103 responden untuk pengumpulan data. Lalu metode analisis yang digunakan oleh peneliti dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan Eviews7 sebagai alat pembantu hitung dan SPSS sebagai alat ukur validitas dan relibialitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti upah secara simultan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja dengan nilai F-Statistic sebesar 0.681784 < 3.94 dan nilai probability (F-statistic) sebesar 0.410919 > 0.05, lalu masa kerja secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai F-statistic sebesar 15.39492 > 3.94 dan nilai probability (F-statistic) sebesar 0.000159 < 0.05 dan secara keseluruhan upah dan masa kerja memiliki nilai F- statistic sebesar 10.45191 > 3.94 dan nilai probability (F-statistic) sebesar 0.000076< 0.05. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan tersebut, upah dan masa kerja secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan di Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Putri Kampus 1. Jika dijabarkan antar variabel, upah secara simultan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dan masa kerja secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Maka dari itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa upah tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan di Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Putri Kampus 1 sedangkan masa kerja memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan.
Fully Additive Electrohydrodynamic Inkjet‐Printed TiO2 Mid‐Infrared Meta‐Optics
Authors: Brunner Holly J. C. , Whitehead James , Gibson Ricky , Hendrickson Joshua R. , Majumdar Arka , MacKenzie J. Devin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing at the micron and sub‐micron scale is a rapidly expanding field with electrohydrodynamic inkjet (EHDIJ) printing proving to be a critical fabrication technique that will enable continued advancement. Increasing the range of materials that can be used with EHDIJ printing to create micron and sub‐micron scale features is critical for increasing the variety of devices that can be fabricated with this method. Ceramic, semiconducting, and hybrid organic–inorganic materials are essential for meta‐optics and micro‐electromechanical systems devices, yet these materials are vastly underexplored for applications in EHDIJ printing. A novel printing solution is presented containing a titania alkoxide precursor that is compatible with EHDIJ printing and capable of producing final printed features of 1 µm and below; the highest resolution features ever reported for this family of materials and this method. This solution is used to fabricate the first EHDIJ printed and functioning mid‐infrared meta‐optics lens, capable of focusing 5 µm light.
Van der Waals Epitaxial Growth for High Performance Organic‐Free Perovskite Solar Cell: Experimental and Theoretical Insights
Authors: Faheem Muhammad Bilal , Khan Bilawal , Feng Chao , Subhani Waqas Siddique , Mabrouk Sally , Sayyad Muhammad Hassan , Yildiz Abdullah , Zhang Wen‐Hua , Qiao Quinn 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAll‐inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are most promising in yielding stabilized power conversion efficiencies (PCE) as compared to their hybrid organic–inorganic counterparts. However, all‐inorganic PSCs have suffered from low efficiency due to significant charge carrier recombination within perovskite active layer (PAL) bulk and at the carrier selective interfaces (CSI). Boosting the PCE through the remedy to both issues seems to be the only Achilles‐Heal on their way to commercialization. Here, a synergistic approach of liquid‐exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) at the PAL (CsPbIBr2)/hole transport layer (NiO) interface to enhance the perovskite grain growth and stabilize the hole transport layer (HTL)/PAL interface against the carrier recombination within the PAL bulk and at the interface is reported. The in‐plane coupling between MoS2 crystal lattice and CsPbIBr2 is strongly revealed through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results, which favored the van der Waals epitaxial growth of CsPbIBr2 PAL toward the larger crystalline grain sizes, preferential growth along (110), i.e., normal to MoS2, and low trap‐density. Therefore, the PCE of organic‐free CsPbIBr2 PSC is increased to as high as 10.98% under 1‐sun illumination, which is 48% higher than the pristine device (7.38%), which concludes that this strategy can be integrated to other analogous perovskite compositions.
Perovskite Phase Analysis by SEM Facilitating Efficient Quasi‐2D Perovskite Light‐Emitting Device Designs
Authors: Liu Wenbo , Jiang Zhengyan , Liu Pai , Wang Kai , Xu Baomin , Sun Xiao Wei , Wang Guoping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe performance of quasi‐2D perovskite light‐emitting devices (PeLEDs) has been greatly improved in the past several years. Characterizations such as transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy and absorption spectra have been widely adopted to confirm the phases in the quasi‐2D perovskite layers. However, all the above‐mentioned characterization techniques could only identify the n values of phases without providing information on the distribution of phases. Here, phase distributions on the quasi‐2D perovskite surfaces are identified by utilizing the charging effect during the scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurement. Then, compositional and antisolvent engineering are adopted to improve the quality of quasi‐2D perovskite films. Green PeLEDs with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of >20% are achieved with more uniform condensed film morphology and proper phase distribution. The work shows that SEM measurement is a powerful tool for studying the phase distribution on the quasi‐2D perovskite surfaces.
Cuttlebone‐Derived Interfacial Solar Evaporators for Long‐Term Desalination and Water Harvesting
Authors: Li Lingxiao , Zhang Jiaxuan , Chen Kai , Zhang Junping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInterfacial solar‐vapor generation is very promising for obtaining freshwater, but suffers from serious evaporation rate degradation due to salt‐fouling and low freshwater collection rate under natural sunlight. Here, cuttlebone‐derived solar evaporators for long‐term desalination and water harvesting are reported. The solar evaporators are prepared by modifying the cuttlebone in turn with polydopamine, reduced graphene oxide, and polypyrrole as the photothermal composite. The solar evaporator shows i) excellent photothermal effect owing to a synergistic effect between the photothermal composite and its hierarchical micro‐/nanostructure, and ii) stable evaporation rate and good salt resistance even during the evaporation of concentrated brines (3.5–20 wt%) because of ultrafast water transport in the superhydrophilic 3D directional channels. The ultrafast water transport guarantees sufficient water supply, automatic very fast salt exchange, and a decline in salt concentration gradient. The transverse and longitudinal water streaming allows the increased salt concentration or even the temporarily deposited salt in/on the evaporator to be transferred back to the bulk brine in time. Consequently, 8.32 kg m−2 of freshwater is collected in 10 h solar desalination under weak natural sunlight, which is adequate for the daily drinking water demand of several people.
Competitive performance of Pinus massoniana is related to scaling relationships at the individual plant and branch levels
Authors: Zou Guiwu , Xu Kang , Yang Qingpei , Niklas Karl J. , Wang Genxuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPremiseCompetition is an important driver of tree mortality and thus affects forest structure and dynamics. Tree architectural traits, such as height‐to‐diameter (H‐D) and branch length‐to‐diameter (L‐d) relationships are thought to influence species competitiveness by affecting light capture. Unfortunately, little is known about how the H vs. D and L vs. d scaling exponents are related to tree performance (defined in the context of growth vigor) in competition.MethodsUsing data from field surveys of 1547 individuals and destructive sampling of 51 trees with 1086 first‐order branches from a high‐density Pinus massoniana forest, we explored whether the H vs. D and the L vs. d scaling exponents respectively differed numerically across tree performance and branch vertical position in crowns.ResultsThe results indicated that (1) the H vs. D scaling exponent decreased as tree performance declined; (2) the L vs. d scaling exponent differed across tree performance classes (i.e., the scaling exponent of “inferior” trees was significantly larger than that of “moderate” and “superior” trees); (3) the L vs. d scaling exponent decreased as branch position approached ground level; and (4) overall, the branch scaling exponent decreased as tree performance improved in each crown layer, but decreased significantly in the intermediate layer.ConclusionsThis study highlights the variation within (and linkage among) length‐to‐diameter scaling relationships across tree performance at the individual and branch levels. This linkage provides new insights into potential mechanisms of tree growth variation (and even further mortality) under competition in subtropical forests.
On race, human variation, and who gets and dies of sepsis
Authors: Brinkworth Jessica F. , Shaw J. Grace 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCOVID‐19 has highlighted a brutal reality known for decades, that Black, Indigenous, and People of Color bear a disproportionate burden of US annual sepsis cases. While plentiful research funds have been spent investigating genetic reasons for racial disparities in sepsis, an abundance of research shows that sepsis incidence and mortality maps to indicators of colonial practices including residential segregation, economic and marginalization sepsis, and denial of care. Here we argue that sepsis risk is an immunological embodiment of racism in colonial states, that the factors contributing to sepsis disparities are insidious and systemic. We show that regardless of causative pathogen, or host ancestry, racialized people get and die of sepsis most frequently in a pattern repeatedly reiterated worldwide. Lastly, we argue that while alleviation of sepsis disparities requires radical, multiscale intervention, biological anthropologists have a responsibility in this crisis. While some of us can harness our expertise to take on the ground action in sepsis prevention, all of us can leverage our positions as the first point of contact for in depth human biology instruction on most college campuses. As a leading cause of death worldwide, and a syndrome that exhibits the interplay between human physiology, race and environment, sepsis is at the nexus of major themes in biological anthropology and is a natural fit for the field's curriculum. In adopting a discussion of race and sepsis in our courses, we not only develop new research areas but increase public awareness of both sepsis and the factors contributing to uneven sepsis burden.
Direct Synthesis of 2,6‐Dideoxy‐β‐glycosides and β‐Rhamnosides with a Stereodirecting 2‐(Diphenylphosphinoyl)acetyl Group
Authors: Liu Xianglai , Lin Yetong , Peng Wenyi , Zhang Zhaolun , Gao Longwei , Zhou Yueer , Song Zhe , Wang Yingjie , Xu Peng , Yu Biao , Sun Haopeng , Xie Weijia , Li Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAnomeric stereocontrol is usually one of the major issues in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates, particularly those involving β‐configured 2,6‐dideoxyglycoside and d/l‐rhamnoside moieties. Herein, we report that 2‐(diphenylphosphinoyl)acetyl is highly effective as a remote stereodirecting group in the direct synthesis of these challenging β‐glycosides under mild conditions. A deoxy‐trisaccharide as a mimic of the sugar chain of landomycin E was prepared stereospecifically in high yield. The synthetic potential was also highlighted in the synthesis of Citrobacter freundii O‐antigens composed of a [→4)‐α‐d‐Manp‐(1→3)‐β‐d‐Rhap(1→4)‐β‐d‐Rhap‐(1→] repeating unit, wherein the convergent assembly up to a nonasaccharide was realized with a strongly β‐directing trisaccharide donor. Variable‐temperature NMR studies indicate the presence of intermolecular H‐bonding between the donor and the bulky acceptor as direct spectral evidence in support of the concept of hydrogen‐bond‐mediated aglycone delivery.
Phase Transfer‐Mediated Degradation of Ether‐Based Localized High‐Concentration Electrolytes in Alkali Metal Batteries
Authors: Chen Xiaojuan , Qin Lei , Sun Jiaonan , Zhang Songwei , Xiao Dan , Wu Yiying 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLocalized high‐concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) have attracted interest in alkali metal batteries due to the advantages of forming stable solid‐electrolyte interphases (SEIs) on anodes and good chemical/electrochemical stability. Herein, a new degradation mechanism is revealed for ether‐based LHCEs that questions their compatibility with alkali metal anodes (Li, Na, and K). Specifically, the ether solvent reacts with alkali metals to generate solvated electrons (es−) that attack hydrofluoroether co‐solvents to form a series of byproducts. The ether solvent essentially acts as a phase‐transfer reagent that continuously transfers electrons from solid‐phase metals into the solution phase, thus inhibiting the formation of stable SEI and leading to continuous alkali metal corrosion. Switching to an ester‐based solvating solvent or intercalation anodes such as graphite or molybdenum disulfide has been shown to avoid such a degradation mechanism due to the absence of es−.
Fabrication of PVDF mixed matrix nanofiltration membranes incorporated with TiO2 nanoparticles and an amphiphilic PVDF‐g‐PMMA copolymer
Authors: Mahdavi Hossein , Zeinalipour Nazanin , Heidari Ali Akbar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, the ATRP polymerization technique was first utilized for controlled grafting of methyl methacrylate monomers from a Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) backbone with a predefined molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution. After the successful formation of the copolymer, different amounts of the prepared PMMA‐g‐PVDF copolymer along with TiO2 nanoparticles were then employed for the fabrication of PVDF mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). The separation performance of the fabricated membranes was evaluated in rejection of different dyes including Methyl Green (MG), Rhodamine B (RDB), Crystal Violet (CV), and Methylene Blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. It was observed that a high rejection ability (99.6%, 99.1%, 98.9%, and 96.1% for MG, RDB, CV, and MB), a good permeate Flux of 8.35 L/m2 h along with an outstanding antifouling performance were provided by the membrane with 0.4% PVDF‐PMMA and 0.2%TiO2.
Separable spatio‐temporal kriging for fast virtual sensing
Authors: Lambardi di San Miniato Michele , Bellio Ruggero , Grassetti Luca , Vidoni Paolo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEnvironmental monitoring is a task that requires to surrogate system‐wide information with limited sensor readings. Under the proximity principle, an environmental monitoring system can be based on the virtual sensing logic and then rely on distance‐based prediction methods, foremostly spatio‐temporal kriging. The last one is cumbersome with large datasets, but we show that a suitable separability assumption reduces its computational cost to an extent broader than considered typically. Only spatial interpolation needs to be performed in a centralized way, while forecasting can be delegated to each sensor. This simplification is related to the fact that two separate models are involved, one in time and one in the space domain. Any of the two models can be replaced without re‐estimating the other under a composite likelihood (CL) approach. Moreover, the use of convenient spatial and temporal models eases up computation, not only in the CL approach, but also in maximum likelihood estimation. We show that this perspective on kriging allows to perform virtual sensing even in the case of tall datasets.
A conjunctive analysis of false accusations, official misconduct, and race in violent and sexual exonerations cases
Authors: Mogavero Melanie Clark , Hsu Ko‐Hsin , Bolger Philip Colin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe National Registry of Exonerations tracks cases of individuals who have been convicted and exonerated in the United States since 1989. The objective of the current study was to explore the misconduct patterns in violent and sexual offense cases using a novel method with a focus on cases where suspects were falsely accused, either deliberately or by mistaken witness identification. A conjunctive analysis of case configurations (CACC) was conducted using 1690 males convicted of murder/manslaughter, rape/sexual assault, and child sexual abuse. The results showed that compared to Whites, Blacks had a disproportionate amount of official misconduct in both sexual and non‐sexual homicide cases. Blacks also had a disproportionate amount of misconduct by multiple actors and multiple types. Blacks had more cases of mistaken witness identification and a disproportionate amount of official misconduct in sexual assault cases. Implications and recommendations are discussed.
Learning with remote laboratories: Designing control algorithms with both block diagrams and customized C code schemes
Authors: Xue Liwei , Hu Wenshan , Liu Guo‐Ping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the design and implementation of the control algorithms design module based on a remote laboratory named NCSLab, which allows students, teachers, and researchers to do practical experiments with various control systems remotely via the Internet whenever and wherever they want. To meet the demand of students with different levels and provide more extensibility, a flexible control algorithm designing system is deployed using a frontend and backend separation framework. JointJS is selected to construct the graphic user interface and an algorithm server is developed to deal with the algorithms tasks. In this way, the users are able to customize control systems online with a visualized interactive interface. A control algorithm could be formed easily without programming, so the users could concentrate on the control algorithm itself. For advanced users, customized C‐MEX S‐Functions are available for extra sophisticated control systems. The designed control algorithms are converted into executable codes at the back‐end by the servers. They could be implemented into the remote test rigs and then the corresponding results would be sent back in real‐time. The overall implementation is based on the web, so only common browsers and Internet access are needed. By logging into the laboratory through the web, the users could start practical experiments quickly after acquiring the control right of the desired test rig. And the whole process, including designing, simulating, and generating codes, is integrated into the interface of the proposed system module, which is easy to use and could bring great convenience to the users.
Promotion process from associate to full professor in counselor education
Authors: Hatchett Gregory T. , Ripley Dana , Fuegen Kathleen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe surveyed 230 associate and full professors of counselor education about their perceptions of the promotion process to full professor and to identify factors that differentiated associate from full professors. Promotion criteria and standards varied based on the nature of participants’ universities, and both experience and journal article publications predicted full professor rank.
Graphene‐Enabled Electric‐Field Regulation and Ionic Redistribution Around Lithiophilic Aurum Nanoparticles Toward a Dendrite‐Free and 2000‐Cycle‐Life Lithium Metal Battery
Authors: Yan Jianping , Ye Minghui , Zhang Yufei , Tang Yongchao , Liu Xiaoqing , Li Cheng Chao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLithium metal batteries (LMBs) have attracted extensive attention owing to their high energy density. However, the uncontrolled volume changes and serious dendrite growth of the Li metal anode have hindered their commercialization. Herein, a three‐dimensional Cu foam decorated with Au nanoparticles and conformal graphene layer was designed to tune the Li plating/stripping behaviors. The 3D−Cu conductive host anchored by lithiophilic Au nanoparticles can effectively alleviate the volume expansion caused by the continuous plating/stripping of Li and reduce the nucleation energy barrier. Notably, the conductive graphene not only facilitates the transfer of electrons, but also acts as an ionic rectifier, thereby avoiding the aggregation of local current density and Li+ ions around Au nanoparticles and enabling the uniform Li+ flux. As a result, the G−Au@3D−Cu/Li anode ensures the non‐dendritic and homogeneous Li+ plating/stripping. Electrochemical results show that the symmetric G−Au@3D−Cu/Li cell delivers a low voltage hysteresis of 110 mV after 1000 h at 1 mA cm−2. Matched with a layered LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode, the NCM622||G−Au@3D−Cu/Li full cell exhibits a long cycle life of 2000 cycles and an ultra‐low capacity decay rate (0.01 % per cycle).
UNIConv: An enhanced U‐Net based InceptionV3 convolutional model for DR semantic segmentation in retinal fundus images
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Kaur Prabhpreet 
Published: June 2022

SummarySegmentation of diabetic retinopathy is a significant requirement for correct severity estimation level. Due to dissimilarity in shapes, size, and quantity of retinal lesions, the procedure of labor‐intensive type of grading becomes a more time‐consuming and challenging task. It imposes the prerequisite for an automated segmentation framework that can accurately identify the regions with margins and aid ophthalmologists in the early detection and monitoring of the severity level. The proposed work introduces a customized U‐Net model based on the InceptionV3 pre‐trained CNN network. It uses a periodic shuffling approach along with sub‐pixel convolution initialized to convolution nearest‐neighbor resize. The model performed training and validation for non‐proliferative diabetic retinopathy that is, microaneurysms, hemorrhages, hard and soft exudates on two standard datasets such as IDRiD and DIARETDB1. The proposed model achieves 99.82% accuracy, 88.39% sensitivity, and 99.94% specificity for hemorrhages, 99.95% accuracy, 70.76% sensitivity, and 99.98% specificity for microaneurysms, 99.83% accuracy, 85.9% sensitivity, and 99.95% specificity for hard exudates, along with 99.62% accuracy, 85.38% sensitivity, and 99.71% specificity for soft exudates segmentation on the IDRID dataset. In comparison with both datasets, the proposed system on the IDRID dataset performed accurately with superior state‐of‐the‐art outcomes for segmentation of the retinal lesions.