bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficiency of using complex micronutrient fertilizers, humates and biological preparations in the technology of growing fiber flax
Authors: Shimanskaya N S , Savina O V , Uschapovskiy I V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article evaluates the effectiveness of the use of Aquarin, sodium humate, Epin and Zircon in the production of flax products. The use of these preparations was studied for topdressing of plants during the growing season and in the process of retted stalks maturation. Topdressing of crops was carried out in the phase of “rapid growth”. The processing of the fiber flax ribbon was carried out on the fifth day after pulling. The greatest efficiency in spraying fiber flax crops and processing retted stalks was shown by the combined use of Aquarin and Humate “Fertility”. The combined treatment of crops with Aquarin and a humic preparation provided an increase in all production indicators: straw yield increased by 11.6 %, seeds by 24.8 %, retted stalks and fibers by 4.6-6.2 %, and scabbard fiber by 44 %. The treatment of flax ribbon with micronutrient fertilizer Aquarin together with Humate “Fertility” led to an increase in the fiber yield by 5.1 %, the long fiber yield by 2.4 %, and the fiber strength by 0.35 Dan. The data obtained make it possible to recommend the use of preparations both during the growing season and in the process of retted stalks maturing to increase the efficiency of fiber flax production.
An assessment of a nutritionally appropriate diet for adolescents’ nutrition
Authors: Semenov E V , Nikitin I A , Terentyev S E , Avtuyhova O V , Lobanov E Yu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A modern human is exposed to numerous stresses associated with an intensive lifestyle, the impact of aggressive factors of man-made habitat, high rates of urbanization, etc. This led to the need to correct a considerable part of the lifestyle, as well as approaches to nutrition. It is especially topical for children and youth, since during this period all the body systems are initiated and formed, ensuring its normal operation throughout the rest of life. One of the key tasks of preserving and improving the health of the population, especially in childhood and adolescence, is the need for balanced nutrition in terms of the proportion of nutrients consumed. These include proteins, fats and carbohydrates, as well as the number of macro- and microelements, such as iron, copper, zinc, etc. We will present an example of calculating the optimal food ration from the point of view of material costs, satisfying the required balanced nutrition of children and adolescents. It is studied by algorithmic means from the standpoint of a statistical approach to the task of the initial physico-chemical data on the composition of the product.
Influence of long-term use of fertilization systems on the productivity of winter grain crops
Authors: Bortnik T Yu , Makarov V I , Bashkov A S , Karpova A Yu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the conditions of the Vyatka-Kama agricultural province, a study was carried out of the effect of long-term use of various fertilization systems on the productivity of winter grain crops and the fertility of soddy medium podzolic soil in terms of agrochemical indicators. Long-term use of the mineral fertilization system in doses of N69P68K53 on soddy medium podzolic medium loamy soil contributed to an increase in winter grain crops’ productivity on average per year in relation to the control without fertilizers – 1.83 tons of grain units/ha. Long-term use of an organic fertilization system against lime background provided an increase in the productivity of winter crops of 0.64 tons of grain units/ha in relation to control. The most effective was the organomineral fertilization system, which contributed to the productivity increase of the studied winter crops in long-term use by 2.64 tons of grain units/ha in relation to control. As a result of a long-term field experiment, it was revealed that the productivity of winter grain crops in the Vyatka-Kama agricultural province significantly depends on agro-climatic conditions. A close inverse interrelation of productivity from the sum of active temperatures and average air temperature was revealed. For expanded fertility reproduction of soddy medium podzolic medium loamy soil in the Vyatka-Kama agricultural province of Russia, an organic-mineral fertilizer system should be used against liming background.
Influence of seed onion planting time on productivity and quality of bulb onion varieties
Authors: Tutova T N , Ivanova T E , Sokolova E V , Nesmelova L A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Vegetable crops play an important role in human nutrition. They contain the necessary organic acids, mineral salts, vitamins and other useful substances. The most popular among vegetables in the conditions of the Udmurt Republic are white cabbage, carrots and table beets, cucumbers, squash, tomatoes and various types of onions. Among onion crops, leeks and shallots are grown in small quantities; among perennial onions - welsh onions, chives and tree onions. The most common among the population is common onion grown mainly for bulbs, in small quantities - for greens. The study of the planting timing of onion varieties’ seeds is relevant. The studies’ results of the influence of the seed onion planting time on the yield and product quality of common onion varieties in the open ground of the Udmurt Republic are presented. Spicy varieties Stuttgarter Riesen and Shetana were selected for the study. Along with the early spring planting date adopted in Udmurtia, the fall seed onion planting was also studied (September 20, September 30, October 10, October 20). Phenological observations revealed that common onion plants of the standard variety Stuttgarter Riesen entered the leaf lodging and harvesting phases on average three days earlier than the studied variety Shetana. In terms of yield, Stuttgarter Riesen onion surpassed Shetana by 6.8 t/ha (28%) and had a higher content of dry matter, water-soluble sugars and ascorbic acid in the bulbs. Autumn planting dates led to a decrease in all the studied parameters of bulb onion.
The role and importance of an agrarian-oriented region in ensuring food security of Russia
Authors: Petrova M V , Kudinova M G , Shevschuk N A , Uvarova E V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to analyze and assess the state of food security in Russia, identify threats to its violation and conditions of provision, as well as the role of an agrarian-oriented region in self-sufficiency with food and in ensuring the country’s food security at present and in the future. In the course of the study, the differences between the new version of the Russian Food Security Doctrine and the previous one were revealed, an analysis of the strengths and weaknesses, as well as Russia’s opportunities for improving food security and developing exports of agricultural products and food was carried out. The contribution of the Altai Krai, as an agrarian-oriented region, to ensuring food security in Russia is considered. As a result, the directions of improving the food security of the region and the country as a whole were substantiated.
Study of the parameters of biogas plants
Authors: Sheryazov S K , Ptashkina-Girina O S , Vasenev V V , Telyubaev Z B , Arbuzova E V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The peculiarity of renewable sources is their replenishment. To ensure energy security and correctly use land resources, it is possible to use biogas plants, which are renewable sources. However, efficient use of these installations turns out to be a difficult task that requires a comprehensive assessment of the parameters of their operation. In the example under consideration, such parameters are: the choice of the power of the heating equipment of the installation and the determination of the temperature stability of operation in case of a violation of the technological process. One of the important results of the study is that the power for heating biomass in the mesophilic mode with continuous and periodic processes is selected according to the start-up mode, and for the thermophilic mode with the periodic process, the power for heating is determined by the start-up mode, and in the continuous process - by the steady-state mode. The study also provides a calculation of thermal stability for reactors of different volumes at different degrees of their filling with biomass, taking into account the operating temperatures of the biogas plant.
Substantiation of technological parameters for the production of flax pulp by alkaline cooking in the microwave field
Authors: Kasatkina N Yu , Badretdinova I V , Litvinyuk A A , Kasatkin V V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Flax fiber is the most valuable, rapidly renewable source of cellulose. To isolate cellulose from the fiber, it is necessary to get rid of its non-cellulose components: lignin, pectin substances, waxes and hemicellulose. These substances can be removed by cooking flax fiber in an alkaline solution. To intensify the process of destruction of the non-cellulose complex, it is proposed to use the energy of the electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequencies. The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies aimed at establishing the dielectric characteristics of the system components, which make it possible to prove the effectiveness of the effect of the microwave field on the process of destruction of the non-cellulose complex and to deduce the permissible limits of technological parameters. For the effective management of the technological process of alkaline cooking, the dielectric characteristics of the system components are established on the basis of theoretical and experimental studies. To solve this problem, the system was divided into components: fiber, solution, heterogeneous system. Further, the characteristics of each component are determined separately. The established characteristics showed the following values: the dielectric constant of the fiber in the solution reached a value of 24.8, the dielectric constant of the solution-73, the dielectric constant of the heterogeneous system is 64.55. These values allow you to conduct the technological process of delignification with high efficiency indicators.
The design and properties of galvanic anticorrosive coatings for important precision parts of farming equipment
Authors: Rudenok V A , Kanunnikova O M , Aristova G N , Tikhonova O S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The paper explores the possibility of using a number of nickel alloys in multilayer coatings to decrease nickel consumption and preserve the functional effect of the coating. The following is proved by the graphical calculation technique using experimental data on the galvanic properties of the multilayer coating parts. Nickel-iron, nickel-phosphorus and nickel-tin alloy can be applied as a lower coating layer rather than semi-shiny, shiny or composite nickel. It is advisable to use a nickel-iron alloy as the middle (second) layer, and the concentration of iron depends on the composition of the first and third layers. If a nickel-iron alloy is applied as the material of the first layer, then the second layer may be semi-shiny (Ns-sh) or shiny (Nsh) nickel. The substitution of nickel layers for nickel alloys allows to considerably (about 10%) decrease the cost of a multilayer coating, while the protective properties are remaining the same. The application of the same nickel-containing alloys as single-layer anticorrosive coatings shows a lower level of protective properties.
The model of food security of the Volga federal district regions
Authors: Kotlyachkov O V , Fedorova N P , Kotlyachkova N V , Maximov D G 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The global economic crisis dictates new conditions for the existence of the country’s economy and its regions. The existence and independence of countries and regions is ensured by the interaction of various kinds of indicators that make up the food security system. Food security of both the country and the individual region is a fundamental strategy for the country’s economy development. Ensuring food security is the development strategy of any country. The assessment of the food security of the regions makes it possible to determine their independence and strategic role in the economy development. Currently, ensuring food security is one of the options for the stable development of the country and regions. The implementation of food security in the Russian Federation is carried out in accordance with the Food Security Doctrine. The article offers the author’s assessment of food security (independence) of the Volga Federal District based on the indicators listed in the Food Security Doctrine. The article forms a model of food security of both the country and its regions. Its use makes it possible to compare regions with each other most effectively. The model formation is based on the application of cluster analysis, which most fully describes the relationship of the indicators defined in the food security doctrine According to the results of the study, clusters of regions were formed, by the level of food independence, as a fundamental factor of food security. Clusters also allow to assess the level of food security in the regions of the Volga Federal District. On the basis of clustering, an effective model of food security of the region is built.
A Comparison of the Characteristics of Extreme Drought During the Late 20th and Early 21st Centuries Over Eurasia and North America
Authors: Lupo A R , Kononova N K , Semenova I G , Lebedeva M G 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The atmospheric general circulation character during summer droughts over Eastern Europe / Western Russia and North America from 1970 – 2020 is examined here. A criterion to examine atmospheric drought events encompassed the summer season was used to determine which years were driest using precipitation, evaporation, and areal coverage. The relationship between drought and atmospheric character using the Dzerzeevsky climatic classification scheme, atmospheric blocking, teleconnections, and information entropy are used to study the atmospheric dynamics. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) re-analyses data set archived at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, CO, USA is used to examine the synoptic character and calculate the dynamic quantities for these dry events. The results demonstrate that extreme droughts over North America are associated with a long warm and dry period of weather and the development of a moderate ridge over the central USA driven by surface processes. Extreme droughts over Eastern Europe and Western Russia are driven by the occurrence of prolonged blocking episodes as well as surface processes.
The concept of agricultural complex based on agrivoltaics and precision agriculture
Authors: Shcherbakov A , Baramykov M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article presents the concept of an agricultural complex that combines elements of agrivoltaics and precision farming. The purpose of the development of this complex is the ability to implement the principle of multipurpose use of sown areas for basic agricultural crops production (wheat, corn, etc.). The design of this complex and the operation of individual elements are described. In terms of agrivoltaics, it is proposed to use rotating photovoltaic panels; for precision farming - the natural division of the structure of the complex into separate areas. The information is collected by sensors for each site. It includes the required characteristics of air, soil, plants, etc. The collection, storage and processing of measured data are carried out in the control center, where all elements of the complex are also remotely controlled. The complex is supplied with electrical energy due to the energy produced by photovoltaic panels. To smooth the unevenness of production and consumption of energy, including in the absence of agricultural work period, the complex includes the electrical energy storage.
Information-analytical modeling of soil composition based on spectral analysis
Authors: Basarygina E M , Zybalov V S , Pakhomova N A , Akulich O E 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Over the past decade, public interest in precision farming technologies, monitoring of production and technological processes and environmental protection issues has noticeably increased. Nowadays, agricultural producers are increasingly using technologies based on digital data, which are used to manage and optimize production. Digital maps and information models are one of the ways to present a field passport, that is, a visual database obtained on the basis of an analysis of land resources and reflecting reliable information about the state of a particular land plot. As a result of the research carried out, digital soil models were constructed (using the example of the soils of the Chelyabinsk region). The obtained models, which clearly reflect the content of heavy metals, are recommended for use in making managerial decisions in the field of the agro-industrial complex. The use of these models contributes to the transition to digital crop technologies.
The calculation of asynchronous motors characteristics based on the T-shaped equivalent circuit according to catalogued data
Authors: Urazov S I , Ivanova S A , Khalupo O I 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The paper focuses on the issue of calculating the operational characteristics of low-power asynchronous motors used in the agro-industrial complex. The substantiation of the relevance related to reducing the error while calculating the operating characteristics for the estimation and selection of a rational electric drive is given. The literature analysis presented considers the various methods of calculating the main characteristics of asynchronous motors. The equations have been compiled and solved; they help to calculate the operational characteristics without direct reference to the resistance values in the T-shaped equivalent circuit of the motor. The results of calculating the characteristics of one asynchronous motor and their comparison with the known characteristics given in the theory of electrical machines are presented. A method of engineering calculation for educational and work tasks to improve the efficiency of using electric drives is proposed. The field of further research in terms of clarifying the empirical coefficients and revising the complexity of tasks related to determining the resistance of a T-shaped equivalent circuit considering the capabilities of modern computing environments has been determined.
The way forward of Forest Plantation in Malaysia
Authors: Hamid H A , Abiri R 
Published: January 2022

AbstractForest plantation strategies are the important components providing timber for downstream industrial manufacturing. This strategy has been quickly expanded in response to demands of the local market and government and has had noteworthy impacts on rural economy and livelihoods in Malaysia. Here, we first reviewed the history of forest plantation in Malaysia and consequently we have discussed the parameters influencing the sustainable production of forest plantation including genetic diversity, silviculture, and preserving site sustainability. Furthermore, we have deliberated different strategies which can be used during forest plantation and increase efficacy of this strategy. Different types of rotation plantations strategies such as very short rotation-, short rotation-, medium rotation-, long rotation-, mixed wild fruit-, and agroforestry-plantation systems have been discussed, accordingly. In the next step, the effects of different omics strategies on forest plantations have been reviewed. Finally, the impact of mathematical programming in the forest plantation have been explained, and the challenges and restrictions of forest plantation have been stated
Plant diversity components of agroforestry in Tanjung Botung, Village, Barumun District, Padang Lawas Regency, North Sumatra
Authors: Rambey R , Lubis A S J , Susilowati A , Rangkuti A B , Onrizal  , Wijayanto N , Siregar I Z 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Agroforestry is a land-use pattern that combines crops in one land with spatial and temporal arrangements. This study aims (1) to identify the species components of agroforestry, (2) to analysis the species diversity in agroforestry, and (3) to calculate the benefits of species in agroforestry for the community around Tanjung Botung Village. Based on the results in this research, it is known that there are 33 species of plants found in agroforestry land which consists of 19 families. To determine the type that dominates the growth rate, it is seen from the value of the Important Value Index. The highest IVI level was in the shurbs level namely Elaeis guineensis (56.67), in the seedling level namely Hevea brasiliensis (83.57), in the sapling level namely Durio zibethinus (38.37), in the pole level namely Hevea brasiliensis (68.04) and in tree level namely Hevea brasiliensis (99.69). To find out the level of species diversity was calculated using the Shannon-Wiener Index (H’). From the results of the study, it was concluded that the value of species diversity ranged from 1.63 to 2.35, meaning that the value of species diversity (H’) for all growth levels was categorized as moderate.
The role of rhizobacteria and ecoenzyme in agarwood growth (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.)
Authors: Putri A R R , Wulandari A S , Istikorini Y 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Rhizobacteria inoculation and ecoenzyme application can improve seeds’ growth. This research aims to study the potency of rhizobacteria and ecoenzyme to improve Aquilaria malaccensis growth. The experimental design used a nested plot design where ecoenzyme as the sub-plot that nested in rhizobacteria inoculation (Serratia marcecscens, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and the mix of S. marcecscens + S. maltophilia) as the main plot. The results showed that rhizobacteria inoculation and ecoenzyme application were no significant effect on improving the plant height, diameter, amount of new leaves, total wet weight, total dry weight, and seed moisture content. The new shoots on S. marcescens inoculation without ecoenzyme increased 112,5% compared to the control. Application of ecoenzyme to the plants inoculated by rhizobacteria promoted root growth and made the leaves got greener. Shoot root ratio and seedling quality index showed that seeds were ready to transplant in the field. The results of this study can be used as a reference in applying biofertilizers to forestry plants, especially the slow-growing species.
Wildlife Camera Trapping: Estimating the Abundance of Sumatran Tiger’s Prey in Way Kambas National Park
Authors: Cita K D , Adila R A , Hardianto R I , Adib M F , Setyaningsih L 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Sumatran tiger is one of the endemic species in Indonesia which has been driven to extinction. This species has been categorized as critically endangered by IUCN and as Appendix I by CITES. Loss of prey is one of the threats to the Sumatran tiger’s population. It is an essential factor to maintain the existence of the Sumatran tiger. The study aimed to reveal the abundance of the Sumatran tiger prey using the camera trap method in Way Kambas National Park where one of the Sumatran tiger’s habitats. Our study was conducted from March until August 2020. We used 16 Camera traps which were divided into 2 Sites, Resort Pengelolaan Taman Nasional (RPTN) Sekapuk and Way Kanan. We found five species of Preys. They are wild boar (Sus scrofa), Sambar deer (Rusa unicolor), pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina), red muntjac (Muntiacus muntjac), and Mouse deer (Tragulus kanchil). The highest number of abundance was Sus scrofa (63%), and the lowest number of abundance was Rusa unicolor (0,94%). Our findings concluded that the potential preferred prey was Sus scrofa and Muntiacus muntjac.