bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histopathological and molecular alterations induced by cigarette smoke inhalation in pulmonary tissue of mice and its amelioration by aqueous Ocimum Sanctum leaf extract
Authors: Ranawat Pavitra , Kaur Navdeep , Koul Ashwani 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Smoking has been associated with an increased risk of asthma, lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases, chronic bronchitis, and a massive amount of oxidative stress. The present study was undertaken to determine the modulatory effects of Holi Basil/Tulsi, (Ocimum sanctum) leaf extract on cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary damage in mice. Cigarette smoke (CS) inhalation increased the levels of pulmonary lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species and decreased the levels of glutathione. Histoarchitectural alterations and enhanced tissue lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in pulmonary tissue was distinctly indicative of damage. Enhanced mucin production was also observed through mucicarmine and Alcian Blue-Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining. Increased expression of MUC5AC was also observed. Alterations in the lung were also evident through FTIR studies. Administration of Ocimum sanctum leaf extract (80mg/kg b.w) to CS exposed mice ameliorated these alterations to a greater extent. These findings are suggestive of the fact that Ocimum sanctum leaf extract effectively modulated CS-induced deleterious effects on pulmonary tissue.
Machine Learning for Prognosis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on Pyroptosis Regulators
Authors: Yang Chen , Yu Tian , Li QingWen , Lin Qin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) was one of the most common cancers in in genitourinary system. Pyroprosis was a process of programmed cell death and pyroprosis modification pattern has been found significant impact on the occurrence and development in ccRCC. However, the mechanism and potential roles of pyroprosis modification pattern in ccRCC remained unclear.
Methods
There were 740 patients from from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene-Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Unsupervised algorithm was employed to classify patients into different groups and Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was utilized to establish the risk score. The prognosis model was then constructed by collaborating the patients’ characteristics via plotting nomogram and the performance of our model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results
Two different PRG clusters were established and there were 578 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were extracted from the two PRG clusters. Patients were divided into two PRG gene clusters according to their expression of extracted DEGs afterwards. Ten significant DEGs were screened between two PRG gene clusters via LASSO and their coffecients were calculated to establish the risk score. The ROC curve of disease-free survival (DFS) for 1 year, 3 years and 5 year in testing cohort were 0.670, 0.636 and 0.651, respectively. Patients in low risk score group were found more sensitive to most chemotherapeutic drugs.
Conclusion
In this study, prognosis modification pattern was identified a non-negligible role in ccRCC. A prognosis model was established to estimate the prognosis of patients with ccRCC and the evaluation for drug sensitive can guide more effective chemotherapy strategies.
Unraveling The Complexities of Urban Flood Hydraulics Through AI
Authors: Mehedi Md Abdullah Al , Smith Virginia , Hosseiny Hossein , Jiao Xun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
As urbanization increases across the globe, urban flooding is an ever-pressing concern. Urban fluvial systems are highly complex, depending on a myriad of interacting variables. Numerous hydraulic models are available for analyzing urban flooding; however, meeting the demand of high spatial extension and finer discretization and solving the physics-based numerical equations are computationally expensive. Computational efforts increase drastically with an increase in model dimension and resolution, preventing current solutions from fully realizing the data revolution. In this research, we demonstrate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI), in particular machine learning (ML) methods including the emerging deep learning (DL) to quantify urban flooding considering the lower part of Darby Creek, PA, USA. Training datasets comprise multiple geographic and urban hydraulic features (e.g., coordinates, elevation, water depth, flooded locations, discharge, average slope, and the impervious area within the contributing region, downstream distance from stormwater outfalls and dams). Classifiers such as logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), support vector machine (SVM), and K-nearest neighbors (KNN) are used to identify the flooded locations. Deep neural networks (DNN)-based regression model is used to quantify the water depth. The values of the evaluation matrices indicate satisfactory performance both for classifiers and DNN model (F-1 scores- 0.975, 0.991, 0.892, and 0.855 for binary classifiers; root mean squared error- 0.027 for DNN regression). This approach is a significant step towards resolving the complexities of urban flooding with a large multi-dimensional dataset in a highly computationally efficient manner.
Are we on time? Bibliometric analysis of natural disasters and their financial effects.
Authors: Velasquez Jorge Antonio Sepulveda , Henríquez Boris Pastén , Griñen Pablo Tapia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Natural disasters have increased both in frequency and severity, but research related to their effects on the financial market has not. Through a bibliometric approach, we seek to examine the current state and trend of scientific research related to the financial effects of natural disasters. We find evidence that, the Paris Agreement in 2014 and COVID-19 in 2020, have boosted the growth of research of this type. However, if we consider the multiplier effect of climate change on natural disasters, it could be that this growth is insufficient, therefore, it is urgent to maintain it, without forgetting the deepening of this type of research. This could provide guidance in the creation of more and better financial tools to face these future natural disasters.
Next-Generation Morphometry for pathomics-data mining in histopathology
Authors: Boor Peter , Hölscher David , Bouteldja Nassim , Joodaki Mehdi , Russo Maria , Lan Yu-Chia , Sadr Alireza , Cheng Mingbo , Tesar Vladimir , von Stillfried Saskia , Klinkhammer Barbara , Barratt Jonathan , Floege Juergen , Roberts Ian , Coppo Rosanna , Costa Ivan , Buelow Roman 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Pathology diagnostics relies on the assessment of morphological features by trained experts, which remains subjective and qualitative. Modern image analysis techniques, particularly deep learning, provide a possible solution, sometimes exceeding human capabilities, e.g., mutation prediction directly from histology.
49 However, categorical model outputs are of limited use for further downstream analyses and limited interpretability. Here we developed a framework for large-scale histomorphometry (FLASH) which performs semantic segmentation and subsequent large-scale extraction of interpretable morphometric features. Two internal and three external, multi-centre cohorts of kidney biopsies were used to generate 40 million data points. Association with clinical data confirmed previous concepts, e.g., the importance of tubular atrophy for kidney function decline, and revealed unexpected findings, such as glomerular tuft hypertrophy in biopsies from patients with vs. without nephrotic range proteinuria. Single-structure analysis identified distinct glomerular populations and morphometric phenotypes along a trajectory of disease progression and features were independently associated with long-term clinical outcomes in IgA nephropathy. These data provide the concept for Next-generation Morphometry (NGM), opening new possibilities for
comprehensive quantitative pathology data mining, i.e., pathomics, enabling augmented research and diagnostics.
Children and adolescents with ASD treated with CBD-rich cannabis exhibit significant improvements particularly in social symptoms: an open label study
Authors: Hacohen Micha , Stolar Orit , Berkovitch Matitiahu , Elkana Odelia , Kohn Elkana , Ariela Hazan , Hymman Eli , Sobol Yael , Waissengreen Danel , Gal Eynat , Dinstein Ilan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In recent years there has been growing interest in the potential benefits of CBD-rich cannabis treatment for children with ASD. Several open label studies and one double blind placebo-controlled study have reported that CBD-rich cannabis is safe and potentially effective in reducing disruptive behaviors and improving social communication. However, previous studies have mostly based their conclusions on parental reports without the use of standardized clinical assessments. Here, we conducted an open label study to examine the efficacy of 6 months of CBD-rich cannabis treatment in children and adolescents with ASD. Longitudinal changes in social communication abilities and restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRB) were quantified using parent report with the Social Responsiveness Scale and clinical assessment with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). We also quantified changes in adaptive behaviors using the Vineland, and cognitive abilities using an age-appropriate Wechsler test. Eighty-two of the 110 recruited participants completed the 6-month treatment protocol. While some participants did not exhibit any improvement in symptoms, there were overall significant improvements in social communication abilities as quantified by the ADOS, SRS, and Vineland with larger improvements in participants who had more severe initial symptoms. Significant improvements in RRB were noted only with parent reported SRS scores and there were no significant changes in cognitive scores. These findings suggest that treatment with CBD-rich cannabis can yield improvements, particularly in social communication abilities, which were visible even when using standardized clinical assessments. Additional double-blind placebo-controlled studies utilizing standardized assessments are highly warranted for substantiating these findings. Lay summary: Previous studies have reported that treatment with CBD-rich cannabis may reduce aberrant behaviors and improve social communication when measured with parent reported measures. Here we performed standardized clinical assessments before and after 6 months of treatment with CBD-rich cannabis. Both parent and clinician measures demonstrated that participants improved significantly in social skills, a core symptom of ASD. These encouraging results suggest that CBD-rich cannabis may be an effective treatment for at least some individuals with ASD.
Developmental changes in writing dynamics and its Relationship with ADHD and ASD Tendencies: A Preliminary study
Authors: Megumi Akiko , Suzuki Akiko , Shin Jungpil , Yasumura Akira 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Many cognitive elements are involved in handwriting. However, it has not yet been clarified how handwriting changes as cognitive ability improves. This study is a preliminary study of the cognitive activity of handwriting and attempts to clarify the changes in handwriting between children and adults. This study investigated the relationship between development changes in writing dynamics and the tendency of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder/autism spectrum disorder (ADHD / ASD) in typical developing participants. This study is a preliminary study of handwritten cognitive activity and attempts to reveal changes in handwriting between children and adults. We also investigated the relationship between ADHD, ASD tendency, and writing dynamics, where cognitive specificity is pointed out, in participants with typical development.A pen tablet was used to examine developmental changes in writing dynamics. Participants included 27 children and 26 adults. They wrote 30 hiragana words dictated by a Japanese woman on a pen tablet. The write process data were collected on writing time, writing pressure, on-screen coordinates, and pen angle, from the writing process. In addition, participants answered a questionnaire to investigate trends in developmental disorders. We analyzed the writing dynamics of hiragana characters to investigate the differences between children and adults. They differed in writing speed which suggested developmental changes in writing dynamics. Correlation with developmental disorders suggests that ASD and ADHD affect writing dynamics. Writing dynamics showed the specificity of ASD and ADHD, which suggests that it may serve as an index for screening these conditions.
Prevalence of and factors associated with unmanageable pain levels in people with knee or hip osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional population-based study
Authors: Costa Daniela Sofia Albino , Cruz Eduardo B , Lopes David G , Silva Catarina Nunes , Henriques Ana Rita , Luis Diogo , Branco Jaime , Canhão Helena , Rodrigues Ana M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Pain due to knee or hip osteoarthritis (HKOA) is the most common symptom for seeking health care given its interference on daily activities, social and occupational participation. The goal of this study is to estimate the prevalence of unmanageable pain levels (UPL) among people with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis (HKOA), characterize this population and identify factors associated with UPL, and compare therapeutic strategies used by people with UPL versus manageable pain levels (MPL).Methods: We analyzed a representative sample of 1081 participants with a validated diagnosis of HKOA, from the population-based study EpiReumaPt. Sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related data were collected in a structured interview. Pain intensity (NPRS) data were collected in a medical appointment. UPL was defined as a mean pain intensity in the previous week of ≥5 points on 11-point numeric pain rating scale. Intake of regular medication for pain relief (last month), physiotherapy and surgery were considered as therapies for pain management. The factors associated with UPL were analyzed with logistic regression (p<0.05, 95%CI). To assess the effects of unmanageable pain levels in the HOOS/KOOS activities of daily living and quality of life subscales and in the presence of anxiety and depression symptoms, linear and logistic regression were used. All analysis were weighted.Results: The estimated prevalence of UPL among people with HKOA was 68.8%. UPL was associated with being female (odds ratio (OR)=2.36, p<0.01), being overweight (OR=1.84, p=0.035) or obese (OR=2.26, p=0.006), and having multimorbidity (OR=2.08, p=0.002). People with UPL reported worse performance in activities of daily living and lower quality of life (β=-21.28, p<0.001 and β=–21.19, p<0.001, respectively) than people with MPL. People with UPL consumed more NSAIDs (22.0%, p=0.003), opioids (4.8%, p=0.008), paracetamol (2.7%, p=0.033), and overall analgesics (7.3%, p=0.013) than people with MPL. A higher proportion of people with UPL underwent physiotherapy (17.5%, p=0.002) than people with MPL.Conclusion: These results indicate that most people with HKOA have poor control of pain, highlighting the need for further research and implementation of effective interventions.
Association between Diet History and Symptoms of individuals having recovered from COVID-19
Authors: Sahloul Talaat M. , sahloul Ola T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:Many studies show that people who eat a balanced diet have stronger immunity. The present work aimed to identify the effects of the diet history of COVID-19 patients having recovered from the disease on the occurrence and severity of symptoms.Methods: The study sample consisted of 346 individuals aged 20–65 years. Participants’ data and answers to an electronic questionnaire regarding their diet history and symptoms were collected. The study focused on four hard symptoms (fever, body pain, cough, and dyspnea) to investigate the relationship between these symptoms and the consumption of specific immunity foods. Results:Symptoms were reported by 88.1% of the participants eating none of the foods investigated, whereas 85.54% and 85.55% of the individuals with little or intensive food intake, respectively, experienced symptoms. Conclusions:Intake of specific functional foods might slightly reduce the occurrence of some symptoms.
Modulatory effect of sodium butyrate on anticancer activity of abemaciclib in MDA-MB- 231 human breast cancer cells
Authors: Elnozahi Neveen A. , ELAziz Esraa A. Abd , Helmy Maged W. , Bistawroos Azza E. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Triple negative is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer with its treatment limited only to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The effect of abemaciclib and /or sodium butyrate on MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells was investigated. Using MTT assay, IC50 for the growth inhibitory effect of abemaciclib, sodium butyrate, and their combination were 14.55 μM, 7.08 mM, 3.743 mM, respectively. The combination showed a synergistic interaction with a decrease in IC50 to 2.55 μM of abemaciclib and 3.74 mM of butyrate. Three replica of four groups of cancer cells were treated for 48hr with IC50 of either abemaciclib or butyrate or their high or low doses combinations. A fifth group was treated with complete medium and served as control. Cell migration, protein expression level of cyclinD1, E2F2 transcription factor, phosphorylated AKT, nuclear factor kabba B (NF-κB), cyclin dependent kinase-2 (CDK2), retinoblastoma (Rb), p16INK4a, p53 and mRNA level of CDK2, p16INK4a and p53 were assessed in all treated groups. Combination treatment of abemaciclib and butyrate showed a significant attenuation of cell metastasis. The combination treatment was associated with a decrease in E2F2, CDK2, and NF-κB protein level together with an attenuation in AKT phosphorylation level. The combination also showed an elevation in Rb, p16INK4a, together with a reversal of DNA hypo-methylated state. Although abemaciclib monotherapy failed to alter CD1 or P53 levels, the combination significantly reduced CD1 level together with an increase in P53 level. In conclusion, combining butyrate with abemaciclib augmented its antiproliferative and antimetastatic effect and induced apoptotic activity.
New globally distributed bacteria with high proportions of novel protein families involved in sulfur and nitrogen cycling
Authors: Gong Xianzhe , Rio Alvaro Rodriguez del , Xu Le , Langwig Marguerite , Su Lei , Sun Mingxue , Huerta-Cepas Jaime , De Anda Valerie , Baker Brett 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Microbes are the most abundant form of life on Earth and play crucial roles in carbon and nutrient cycling. Despite their crucial role, our understanding of microbial diversity and physiology on the ocean floor is limited. To address this gap in knowledge, we obtained 55 novel bacterial metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from coastal and deep sea sediments. Phylogenomic analyses revealed they belong to four new and one poorly described bacterial phyla. Comparison of their rRNA genes with public databases revealed they are all globally distributed. These novel bacteria are capable of the anaerobic degradation of polysaccharides and proteins, and the respiration of sulfur and nitrogen. These genomes code for an unusually high proportion (~ 9, and up to 20% per genome) of protein families lacking representatives in public databases. Hundreds of these protein families are predicted to be co-localized with genes for sulfur reduction, nitrogen cycling, energy conservation, and the degradation of organic compounds. These findings expand our understanding of microbial diversity and link previously overlooked gene families with key metabolic processes in the oceans.
Intermediate C=O Formation Is the Bottleneck of Overall Water Splitting on Carbon Nitride
Authors: Wu Ji , Liu Zhonghuan , Lin Xinyu , Jiang Enhui , Zhang Shuai , Huo Pengwei , Yan Yan , Zhou Peng , Yan Yongsheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was long considered incapable of decomposing pure water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen without the addition of small molecule organics, albeit the superior visible-light response and proper band structure that fulfills the demand of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we unexpectedly observed a collective C = O bonding during continuous photocatalytic overall water splitting on single-phased g-C3N4 catalyst (denoted CN) by isotopic-labelled (16O/18O) in-situ diffuse reflection infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and in-situ near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS). Such an inert C = O bonding directly hinders the further OER steps, resulting in a negligible O2 production on CN. As carbon sites on CN were occupied via the surface fluorination, intermediate C = O bonding was vastly minimized on surface fluorinated CN catalyst (denoted F-CN). As a result, the resulting champion F0.1-CN catalyst exhibited excellent overall water splitting activity with the order-of-magnitude improved H2 evolution rate compared to the pristine CN catalyst and continuous O2 evolution upon both white light and AM1.5G simulated solar irradiation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further suggest an optimized OER pathway on neighboring N atoms by C-F interaction, which effectively avoids the excessively strong C-O interaction or weak N-O interaction on the pristine CN and enhances the stability of formed *OH on the N site of F-CN.
CircXRN2 suppresses tumor progression and glycolysis in human bladder cancer through activating the Hippo signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Feifan , Lin Juntao , Chen Xianwu , Zhou Xuejian , Zhang Yan , Yu Yanlan , Fan Mengjing , Cai Yueshu , Xiang Jiayong , Huang Shihan , He Ning , Hu Zhenghui , Ding Guoqing , Jin Xiaodong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Bladder cancer (BCa) is the fourth most common malignant tumor with a poor prognosis worldwide. Further exploration and research are needed for unmasking the underlying roles and molecular mechanism of circular RNAs. In the current study, our findings showed that circXRN2 suppresses tumor progression and glycolysis in human bladder cancer through activating the Hippo signaling pathway.
Methods
RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) followed by circRNA sequencing confirmed circXRN2 as the research object. Overexpression of circXRN2 and knockdown of TAZ/YAP further verified the biological functions in T24 and TCCSUP. RIP, immunoprecipitation and co-immunoprecipitation were used to elucidate the interaction between circXRN2 and LATS1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter experiment were employed to ensure the regulatory roles of the Hippo pathway in transcriptional activity. Seahorse metabolic analyzer was used to evaluate glycolytic rate.
Results
CircXRN2 is aberrantly downregulated in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines. CircXRN2 inhibits proliferation and migration of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. Besides, circXRN2 serves as a negative regulator in glycolytic metabolism. Mechanically, circXRN2 prevents LATS1 from SPOP-mediated degradation by binding to the SPOP-related degron and then activates the Hippo signaling pathway to exert various biological functions. CircXRN2-LATS1-Hippo regulatory axis modulates cell proliferation, migration and glucose metabolism in human bladder cancer.
Conclusions
CircXRN2 suppresses tumor progression and glycolysis in human bladder cancer through activating the Hippo signaling pathway. Our results indicated novel therapeutic targets and provided promising strategies for clinical intervention in human bladder cancer.