bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An open source delineation and hierarchical classification of UK retail agglomerations
Authors: Macdonald Jacob L. , Dolega Les , Singleton Alex 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTown centres and high streets typically form the social and commercial cores of UK cities and towns, yet, there is no uniform definition of what a town centre or high street is. In this study the spatial delineations of retail agglomerations are generated using open-source data for England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The extent and boundaries of these physical retail areas are identified based on the density and connectivity patterns of individual retail units over space. A high resolution hexagonal grid is superimposed over spatial clusters of retail points and a network-based algorithm used to identify mutually exclusive tracts. Agglomerations are then pruned and fine-tuned according to a series of heuristic rules. Our retail agglomerations represent local commerce areas with shopping amenities and are assigned to a hierarchical classification ranking from the largest Regional Centres, Major Town Centres and Town Centres, down to Small Local Centres and Retail Parks. The classification into one of eleven hierarchies is based on a combination of relative rank in the local area and absolute size of retail units within the area. These retail agglomeration boundaries, hierarchical classification and lookups form an open-source spatial data product available for wide use and research implementation.
Preparation and DFT studies of chiral Cu (I)-complexes of biphenyl bisoxazolines and their application in enantioselective Kharasch–Sosnovsky reaction
Authors: Samadi Saadi , Arvinnezhad Hamid , Mansoori Sirwan , Parsa Hadi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEffect of a range of t-butyl perbenzoates bearing electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substitutions on the phenyl ring and HZSM-5 as a porous additive at 0 °C in enantioselective allylic C–H bond oxidation of cyclic and acyclic olefins in the presence of Cu (I)-(S,aS,S) complexes of biphenyl bisoxazoline ligands, produced easily through the chelation-induced process, were investigated. The enantioenriched allylic esters were obtained in reasonable times with excellent enantioselectivities and yields using electron-withdrawing substituted peresters in the presence of Cu (I)-(S,aS,S)-1a complex, containing phenyl groups at the stereogenic centers of the oxazoline moieties. To reach a better insight on geometry, chemical activity, enantioselectivity, and thermodynamic stability of the Cu (I)-BOX complexes, DFT calculations with B3LYP-D3/6-31G (d, p) level of theory were applied to them. Moreover, NBO analysis was used to illustrate interactions between orbitals.
Holocene centennial variability in sea surface temperature and linkage with solar irradiance
Authors: Bae Si Woong , Lee Kyung Eun , Ko Tae Wook , Kim Ryoung Ah , Park Young-Gyu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe climate periodically fluctuates on various time scales, however, there remains a lack of consensus on the centennial-scale variabilities and associated driving force. A continuous high-resolution sea surface temperature (SST) record allows for the detection of centennial-scale fluctuations. This study presents a high-resolution SST record covering the last 10,000 years based on the analysis of the alkenone unsaturation index in marine sediment cores off the southwest coast of the Korean Peninsula. Alkenone SST's spectral and wavelet analysis revealed significant periodicities of 414, 190, 135, 102, and 89 years at a > 90% confidence level. These cycles exhibit extreme proximity to the solar activity cycles of 353, 206 (Suess/de Vries cycles), 130, and 104–87 years (Gleissberg cycles), suggesting that the multidecadal to centennial variations in SST are linked to solar forcing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first high-resolution Holocene SST record that all solar activity cycles on centennial scale match, suggesting centennial-scale variability in the climate system and illustrating the role of solar activity on SST change in the mid-latitude region of the Northern Hemisphere.
Pd on cyclotriphosphazen-hexa imine decorated boehmite as an efficient catalyst for hydrogenation of nitro arenes under mild reaction condition
Authors: Sadjadi Samahe , Abedian-Dehaghani Neda , Heravi Majid M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCyclotriphosphazen-hexa imine ligand was prepared through successive reactions of phosphonitrilchloride trimer with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxy silane. The as-prepared ligand was then covalently grafted on boehmite to furnish an efficient support for the immobilization of Pd nanoparticles and synthesis of a novel heterogeneous catalyst for hydrogenation of nitro arenes. The catalytic tests revealed that the catalyst had excellent catalytic activity for hydrogenation of various nitro arenes with different steric and electronic features under mild reaction condition in aqueous media. Noteworthy, the catalyst was highly selective and in the substrates with ketone or aldehyde functionalities, reduction of nitro group was only observed. The catalyst was also recyclable and only slight loss of activity was detected after each recycling run. Hot filtration test also approved true heterogeneous nature of catalysis.
Theoretical studies on donor–acceptor based macrocycles for organic solar cell applications
Authors: Haseena Sheik , Ravva Mahesh Kumar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe have designed a series of new conjugated donor–acceptor-based macrocyclic molecules using state-of-the-art computational methods. An alternating array of donors and acceptor moieties in these macrocycle molecules are considered to tune the electronic and optical properties. The geometrical, electronic, and optical properties of newly designed macrocyclic molecules are fully explored using various DFT methods. Five conjugated macrocycles of different sizes are designed considering various donor and acceptor units. The selected donor and acceptors, viz., thiophene (PT), benzodithiophene (BDT), dithienobenzodithiophene (DTBDT), diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP), and benzothiazole (BT), are frequently found in high performing conjugated polymer for different organic electronic applications. To fully assess the potential of these designed macrocyclic derivatives, analyses of frontier molecular orbital energies, excited state energies, energy difference between singlet–triplet states, exciton binding energies, rate constants related to charge transfer at the donor–acceptor interfaces, and electron mobilities have been carried out. We found significant structural and electronic properties changes between cyclic compounds and their linear counterparts. Overall, the cyclic conjugated D–A macrocycles’ promising electronic and optical properties suggest that these molecules can be used to replace linear polymer molecules with cyclic conjugated oligomers.
Shear strength deterioration effect of rock mass joint surface under cyclic shear load
Authors: Zhang Heng , Dong Shan , Lu Zhichun , Peng Yulin , Hou Weihua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the shear strength degradation mechanism of a rock mass joint surface under cyclic shear load and determining a corresponding analytical model is an important foundation for accurately evaluating the safety of rock mass engineering under seismic loads. It is worth noting that, to date, there has been a dearth of studies on the strength characteristics of joint surfaces that consider the number of loading cycles, normal load, and initial undulant angle of the structural plane. In this study, focused on the behaviour of sandstone, the particle flow code (PFC) modelling framework was used to simulate a joint surface cyclic shear test considering first- and second-order undulations. Based on the experimental results, the comprehensive effects of the number of cyclic shear cycles, the normal stress, first- and second-order undulation and the dilatancy angle on shear stress during cyclic shear were analysed. Formulas for the joint surface shear basic friction angle and dilatancy angle under cyclic shear were proposed, and a method for calculating the joint surface peak shear strength under cyclic shear considering the deterioration of the dilatancy angle and basic friction angle was established. The peak shear strength of a sample after five cycles of shearing was calculated using the proposed formula and compared with the results of numerical simulations, the Barton method, and the Homand method. The results showed that the calculated values have good consistency with the results of the numerical simulations, demonstrating the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed formula. However, under a low normal stress, there could be errors in estimating the cyclic shear strength of the joint surface.
Clinical significance of gastroesophageal reflux disease with minimal change: a multicenter prospective observational study
Authors: Manabe Noriaki , Joh Takashi , Higuchi Kazuhide , Iwakiri Katsuhiko , Kamiya Takeshi , Haruma Ken , Nakada Koji 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNon-erosive reflux disease (NERD) is classified into grade N (no minimal change) and grade M (minimal change) based on the Los Angeles classification. However, few reports have described the clinical characteristics of grade M. This study was performed to clarify the clinical characteristics of grade M. Among 290 consecutive patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), 45 patients with grade M, 62 patients with grade N, and 94 patients with grade A were compared with respect to clinical differences. The degree of symptom improvement after 4 weeks of proton pump inhibitor administration was also prospectively compared among the three groups. Grades N and M showed no or little difference in the patients’ backgrounds (including sex and body mass index), GERD/functional dyspepsia symptom scores, life dissatisfaction (diet, sleep, work, and mood), Short Form-8 (mental component summary) scores, and symptom improvement. In contrast, significant differences were present between grades M and A as well as between grades N and A. The overall results of our study suggest that the distinction between grade M and grade N is of little clinical significance from the viewpoint of clinical characteristics.
In-depth photocarrier dynamics in a barrier variable iron-oxide and vertically aligned reduced-graphene oxide composite
Authors: Kohan Mojtaba Gilzad , Dobryden Illia , Forchheimer Daniel , Concina Isabella , Vomiero Alberto 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA key requirement for semiconductors operating in light-harvesting devices, is to efficiently convert the absorbed photons to electronic excitations while accommodating low loss pathways for the photogenerated carrier’s transport. The quality of this process corresponds to different relaxation phenomena, yet primarily it corresponds to minimized thermalization of photoexcited carriers and maximum transfer of electron-hole pairs in the bulk of semiconductor. However, several semiconductors, while providing a suitable platform for light-harvesting applications, pose intrinsic low carrier diffusion length of photoexcited carriers. Here we report a system based on a vertical network of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) embedded in a thin-film structure of iron oxide semiconductor, intended to exploit fast electron transport in rGO to increase the photoexcited carrier transfer from the bulk of the semiconductor to rGO and then to the external circuit. Using intermodulation conductive force microscopy, we locally monitored the fluctuation of current output, which is the prime indication of successful charge transfer from photoexcited semiconductor to rGO and efficient charge collection from the bulk of the semiconductor. We reveal the fundamental properties of vertical rGO and semiconductor junction in light-harvesting systems that enable the design of new promising materials for broad-band optical applications.
Lessons learned from recruiting into a longitudinal remote measurement study in major depressive disorder
Authors: Oetzmann Carolin , White Katie M. , Ivan Alina , Julie Jessica , Leightley Daniel , Lavelle Grace , Lamers Femke , Siddi Sara , Annas Peter , Garcia Sara Arranz , Haro Josep Maria , Mohr David C. , Penninx Brenda W. J. H. , Simblett Sara K. , Wykes Til , Narayan Vaibhav A. , Hotopf Matthew , Matcham Faith ,   RADAR-CNS consortium
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe use of remote measurement technologies (RMTs) across mobile health (mHealth) studies is becoming popular, given their potential for providing rich data on symptom change and indicators of future state in recurrent conditions such as major depressive disorder (MDD). Understanding recruitment into RMT research is fundamental for improving historically small sample sizes, reducing loss of statistical power, and ultimately producing results worthy of clinical implementation. There is a need for the standardisation of best practices for successful recruitment into RMT research. The current paper reviews lessons learned from recruitment into the Remote Assessment of Disease and Relapse- Major Depressive Disorder (RADAR-MDD) study, a large-scale, multi-site prospective cohort study using RMT to explore the clinical course of people with depression across the UK, the Netherlands, and Spain. More specifically, the paper reflects on key experiences from the UK site and consolidates these into four key recruitment strategies, alongside a review of barriers to recruitment. Finally, the strategies and barriers outlined are combined into a model of lessons learned. This work provides a foundation for future RMT study design, recruitment and evaluation.
Low dose rate γ-irradiation protects fruit fly chromosomes from double strand breaks and telomere fusions by reducing the esi-RNA biogenesis factor Loquacious
Authors: Porrazzo A. , Cipressa F. , De Gregorio A. , De Pittà C. , Sales G. , Ciapponi L. , Morciano P. , Esposito G. , Tabocchini M. A. , Cenci G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is still continuously debated whether the low-dose/dose-rate (LDR) of ionizing radiation represents a hazard for humans. Model organisms, such as fruit flies, are considered valuable systems to reveal insights into this issue. We found that, in wild-type Drosophila melanogaster larval neuroblasts, the frequency of Chromosome Breaks (CBs), induced by acute γ-irradiation, is considerably reduced when flies are previously exposed to a protracted dose of 0.4 Gy delivered at a dose rate of 2.5 mGy/h. This indicates that this exposure, which is associated with an increased expression of DNA damage response proteins, induces a radioadaptive response (RAR) that protects Drosophila from extensive DNA damage. Interestingly, the same exposure reduces the frequency of telomere fusions (TFs) from Drosophila telomere capping mutants suggesting that the LDR can generally promote a protective response on chromatin sites that are recognized as DNA breaks. Deep RNA sequencing revealed that RAR is associated with a reduced expression of Loquacious D (Loqs-RD) gene that encodes a well-conserved dsRNA binding protein required for esiRNAs biogenesis. Remarkably, loss of Loqs mimics the LDR-mediated chromosome protection as it decreases the IR-induced CBs and TFs frequency. Thus, our molecular characterization of RAR identifies Loqs as a key factor in the cellular response to LDR and in the epigenetic routes involved in radioresistance.
Recent progress on smart hydrogels for biomedicine and bioelectronics
Authors: Zou Fa , Xu Jiefang , Yuan Le , Zhang Qinyong , Jiang Lili 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe increasing development of biomedicine and bioelectronics has highlighted the requirement for smart materials that can respond to changes in physical and chemical properties under external environments, such as magnetic fields, electric fields, and temperature. Accordingly, hydrogels have been widely evaluated as promising candidates for smart materials owing to their intriguing structures comprising a cross‐linked network of polymer chains with interstitial spaces filled with solvent water. This feature endows hydrogels with soft and wet characteristics, which not only induce high tissue affinity but also allow the introduction of environmentally responsive nanoparticles to release specific smart properties. Herein, we reviewed novel smart hydrogels that can be applied in biomedicine and bioelectronics, and highlighted and discussed existing challenges in current technologies and research.
Recent progress of bioinspired cartilage hydrogel lubrication materials
Authors: Zhao Xiaoduo , Zhao Weiyi , Zhang Yunlei , Zhang Xiaoqing , Ma Zhengfeng , Wang Rui , Wei Qiangbing , Ma Shuanhong , Zhou Feng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHydrogels have been considered as potential candidates for cartilage replacement due to their high‐water content, extreme network hydration, excellent biocompatibility and tunable mechanical properties. Currently, the development of high‐performance cartilage‐inspired hydrogel lubrication materials has become a hot topic in the field of biomedical materials. This review focusses on the recent development of cartilage‐inspired high‐strength hydrogels from the viewpoints of bionic surface/interface and biotribology. Specifically, the composition structure and extraordinary lubrication mechanism of the natural articular cartilage are overviewed first. Subsequently, some of the novel biomimetic design strategies for preparing high strength cartilage hydrogels with various network structures are summarised in detail, while systematic evaluation of lubrication properties and mechanisms are discussed. Furthermore, new surface modification means for improving the lubrication feature of high strength cartilage hydrogel materials are presented. In addition, in order to demonstrate the application potential of cartilage hydrogels in clinical, several bonding methods to decorate hydrogels onto surfaces of natural bone tissues or artificial joint materials are introduced. Finally, current challenges and future research directions are discussed for cartilage‐inspired hydrogel lubrication materials.
Automatic generation of threat paths in internet of things‐based systems
Authors: Ramazanzadeh Mohammad Ali , Barzegar Behnam , Motameni Homayun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractToday, ‘security challenge’ is considered a commonly‐used catchword when it comes to emerging technologies such as the internet of things (IoT). Turning a blind eye to this challenge can sometimes lead to irreparable human and financial damage in everyday life. Threat modelling, despite being time consuming, complex, and error‐prone, is still recognized as a preventative solution in the design phase. The method proposed in this paper, called automatic generation of threat paths, is suggested as an automated solution to the problem of identifying and determining potential threats. The proposed method is the improved and robust development of automated modelling and the introduction of the integration of new features (such as conditional probability and security) with the techniques of previous generations (such as Petri Nets (PNs)). The proposed method is evaluated using different security scenarios, and the results show that the proposed method outperforms other manual methods in this domain in terms of both time and cost (99.9% and 98.05%, respectively).
A recursive identification algorithm for linear discrete periodic systems
Authors: Lv Lingling , Zheng Bingqian , Zhang Jinhua , Zhang Lei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe parameter identification problem of linear discrete period time‐varying (LDPV) systems is studied in this paper and a two‐step identification algorithm based on the recursive least squares principle is proposed. The recursive principle‐based identification algorithm is mostly used to deal with the parameter identification of time‐invariant systems. Combine with the cyclic reconstruction method, the LDPV system is converted to a linear time‐invariant system. Then, based on this and combined with recursive least squares identification, a discrimination algorithm is proposed for the parameter estimation of the LDPV system. Finally, a numerical simulation example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Range‐free disparity estimation with self‐adaptive dual‐matching
Authors: Sun Shuqiao , liu Rongke , Sun Shantong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDepth estimation from stereo images is an important task in computer vision. Despite of the great contributions that are made in this field, most matching‐based methods still face the limitations brought by a pre‐set‐fixed disparity range. Stereo matching is reconsidered using a specially designed dual‐matching method with a cross‐attention mechanism, which liberates the algorithm from manually pre‐specified disparity ranges and the performance is guaranteed without re‐training when the camera rig varies. Moreover, to tackle the mismatches on edges and details, an exquisite module is designed based on left‐right consistency, which further refines the estimated disparity map. The efficient multi‐scale aggregation is done with both 2D and 3D convolutional layers and the proposed method is proved to be competitive and effective by experiments conducted under popular benchmarks.
Variable‐structure copula model for multi‐scenario bi‐level transmission and generation expansion planning
Authors: Wang Yurong , Yang Ruolin , Li Fangxing , Tang Yi , Zhao Xin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWith the large‐scale integration of renewable energy into power systems, the strong correlation of wind power output as an important feature will inevitably bring huge impact on power grid planning and operation. However, due to the proliferation of planning and operation scenarios, the traditional power grid planning method can no longer guarantee the operation flexibility and stability under the fluctuation of new energy. In this work, a bi‐level transmission and generation expansion planning (TGEP) model considering the correlation of wind power based on mixed integer linear programming (MILP) is proposed. Firstly, a variable‐structure point diagnosis method is proposed to improve the fitting accuracy of the correlation. Secondly, a scenario reduction method considering the correlation, joint probability distribution and geometric characteristics is proposed, which effectively provides a more matching operating scenarios basis for planning. Thirdly, a multi‐scenario bi‐level TGEP model is proposed. The upper‐level investment decision model aims at the economical goal, while the lower‐level multi‐scenario coordinated optimization operation model aims to minimize the weighted operation index. The impact of the correlation on the results of TGEP is examined and verified in case study.