bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin monitoring reveals persistent subclinical kidney injury following intraarterial administration of iodinated contrast agents
Authors: Scridon Alina , Somkereki Cristina , Nicoară Tunde Renata , Oprica Mădălina , Demian Liliana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractClinically overt contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is one of the most feared complications in patients exposed to iodinated contrast media and has been extensively studied over the years. Meanwhile, the incidence and evolution of subclinical contrast-induced kidney injury remain elusive. With the continuous increase in the number of patients that are repeatedly exposed to contrast media, elucidating these issues is of critical importance. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate the incidence and the evolution of clinical and subclinical kidney injury in patients exposed to contrast media. A total of 178 patients who underwent elective percutaneous angioplasty procedures were evaluated prospectively. Serum creatinine and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels were evaluated pre-procedurally, 48 h and 1 month after administration of contrast media. The evolution of creatinine and NGAL levels was analyzed at the three time points, and the potential predictors of contrast-induced clinical and subclinical renal injury were evaluated. Clinically overt CIN occurred in 10 (5.6%) patients. Baseline serum creatinine and the volume of contrast media were the only independent predictors of CIN and in all 10 patients creatinine levels returned to baseline by 1 month (p = 0.32). Subclinical contrast-induced kidney injury was much more common, affecting 32 (17.9%) patients, was only predicted by the baseline serum creatinine, and persisted in 53.1% of patients after 1 month. This study showed that whereas clinically overt CIN is rather rare and regressive, subclinical contrast-induced kidney injury is considerably more frequent, affecting almost 18% of patients that receive intraarterial contrast media. More importantly, subclinical kidney injury persisted after 1 month in more than 50% of the initially affected patients, who may thus be at increased risk for further renal impairment, particularly if exposed to nephrotoxic agents or repeated administration of contrast media.
Level of constitutively expressed BMAL1 affects the robustness of circadian oscillations
Authors: Padlom Apirada , Ono Daisuke , Hamashima Rio , Furukawa Yuko , Yoshimura Takashi , Nishiwaki-Ohkawa Taeko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe circadian rhythm is a biological oscillation of physiological activities with a period of approximately 24 h, that is driven by a cell-autonomous oscillator called the circadian clock. The current model of the mammalian circadian clock is based on a transcriptional-translational negative feedback loop in which the protein products of clock genes accumulate in a circadian manner and repress their own transcription. However, several studies have revealed that constitutively expressed clock genes can maintain circadian oscillations. To understand the underlying mechanism, we expressed Bmal1 in Bmal1-disrupted cells using a doxycycline-inducible promoter and monitored Bmal1 and Per2 promoter activity using luciferase reporters. Although the levels of BMAL1 and other clock proteins, REV-ERBα and CLOCK, showed no obvious rhythmicity, robust circadian oscillation in Bmal1 and Per2 promoter activities with the correct phase relationship was observed, which proceeded in a doxycycline-concentration-dependent manner. We applied transient response analysis to the Bmal1 promoter activity in the presence of various doxycycline concentrations. Based on the obtained transfer functions, we suggest that, at least in our experimental system, BMAL1 is not directly involved in the oscillatory process, but modulates the oscillation robustness by regulating basal clock gene promoter activity.
Graph neural network for integrated water network partitioning and dynamic district metered areas
Authors: Fu Minglei , Rong Kezhen , Huang Yangyang , Zhang Ming , Zheng Lejing , Zheng Jianfeng , Falah Mayadah W. , Yaseen Zaher Mundher 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWater distribution systems (WDSs) are used to transmit and distribute water resources in cities. Water distribution networks (WDNs) are partitioned into district metered areas (DMAs) by water network partitioning (WNP), which can be used for leak control, pollution monitoring, and pressure optimization in WDS management. In order to overcome the limitations of optimal search range and the decrease of recovery ability caused by two-step WNP and fixed DMAs in previous studies, this study developed a new method combining a graph neural network to realize integrated WNP and dynamic DMAs to optimize WDS management and respond to emergencies. The proposed method was tested in a practical case study; the results showed that good hydraulic performance of the WDN was maintained and that dynamic DMAs demonstrated excellent stability in emergency situations, which proves the effectiveness of the method in WNP.
Two different propagation patterns of spatiotemporally contiguous heatwaves in China
Authors: Luo Ming , Wang Xiaoyu , Dong Na , Zhang Wei , Li Jing , Wu Sijia , Ning Guicai , Dai Lan , Liu Zhen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHeatwaves detrimentally affect human health and ecosystems. While previous studies focused on either temporal changes or spatial extents of heatwaves, their spatiotemporal contiguity and propagation patterns are unclear. Here, we investigate the climatology, long-term trends, and interannual variations of spatiotemporally contiguous heatwaves across China during 1961 to 2018. Two distinct propagation patterns are identified by introducing a spatiotemporally contiguous events tracking (SCET) method and the k-means clustering. Type 1 contiguous heatwaves mostly generate over eastern China and move southwestward at shorter distances, while Type 2 heatwaves generally initiate over western China and move southeastward at longer distances, with stronger intensity, longer lifetime, and larger coverage. Since the 1960s, both types exhibit significant increases in frequency, intensity, coverage, lifetime, and traveling distances, with relatively larger magnitudes for Type 2, but significant decreases in moving speed only appear for Type 1. On interannual timescale, preceding winter El Niño prolongs the duration and slows down the moving speed of Type 1 through the western North Pacific subtropical high. Type 2 contiguous heatwaves are intensified by the negative spring North Atlantic Oscillation via the upper-atmospheric Rossby wave train.
Towards process-oriented management of tropical reefs in the anthropocene
Authors: Seguin Raphael , Mouillot David , Cinner Joshua E. , Stuart Smith Rick D. , Maire Eva , Graham Nicholas A. J. , McLean Matthew , Vigliola Laurent , Loiseau Nicolas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTropical reefs and the fish relying on them are under increasing pressure. Shallow-reef fish provide important ecological information in addition to sustaining fisheries, tourism and more. Although empirical metrics of fish biomass are widely used in fisheries management, metrics of biomass production—how much new biomass is produced over time—are rarely estimated even though such production informs potential fisheries yields. Here we estimate fish standing biomass (B), biomass production (P, the rate of biomass accumulation) and biomass turnover (P/B ratio, the rate of biomass replacement) for 1,979 tropical reef sites spanning 39 tropical countries. On the basis of fish standing biomass and biomass turnover, we propose a conceptual framework that splits reefs into three classes to visualize ecological and socio-economic risk and help guide spatial management interventions (for example, marine protected areas) to optimize returns on conservation efforts. At large scales, high turnover was associated with high human pressure and low primary productivity, whereas high biomass was associated with low human pressure and high primary productivity. Going beyond standing fish biomass to consider dynamic ecological processes can better guide regional coral reef conservation and sustainable fisheries management.
Voice Disorders in Children With Cleft Lip/Palate and Other Craniofacial Conditions
Authors: Braden Maia N. 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:This clinical focus article aims to provide speech-language pathologists (SLPs) working in cleft palate and craniofacial clinics with a review of the etiologies of pediatric voice disorders and the overlap with cleft lip and palate, craniofacial anomalies, and resonance disorders. It describes the recommended components of a voice evaluation and the relevance of this to the cleft palate and craniofacial clinic.Method:Literature on pediatric voice disorders and incidence in populations with cleft palate and craniofacial anomalies is reviewed. The recommended protocols for voice evaluation are described, and special considerations for the cleft palate and craniofacial team are discussed.Results:There are many different etiologies of voice disorders in children, and although the incidence of voice disorders is not necessarily higher in children with cleft palate than in the general population, there are some overlapping risk factors.Conclusions:SLPs working in cleft palate–craniofacial clinics should be aware of the etiologies and presentation of voice disorders. They can identify potential voice disorders and initiate referrals to a specialized team as appropriate to ensure optimal evaluation and treatment.
Sun toughness and path-factor uniform graphs
Authors: Liu Hongxia 
Published: November 2022

A path-factor is a spanning subgraphFofGsuch that each component ofFis a path of order at least two. Letkbe an integer withk ≥ 2. AP≥k-factor is a spanning subgraph ofGwhose components are paths of order at leastk. A graphGis called aP≥k-factor covered graph if for any edgeeofG,Gadmits aP≥k-factor coveringe. A graphGis called aP≥k-factor uniform graph if for any two distinct edgese1ande2ofG,Ghas aP≥k-factor coveringe1and excludinge2. In this article, we claim that (1) a 4-edge-connected graphGis aP≥3-factor uniform graph if its sun toughnesss(G) ≥ 1; (2) a 4-connected graphGis aP≥3-factor uniform graph if its sun toughnesss(G)>4/5.
Stereotypes, disproportions, and power asymmetries in the visual portrayal of migrants in ten countries: an interdisciplinary AI-based approach
Authors: Olier Juan Sebastian , Spadavecchia Camilla 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe visual portrayal of social groups in media reinforces stereotypes and narratives, potentially leading to discriminatory actions and policies. That is particularly true for underrepresented or stigmatized groups such as migrants and is a phenomenon that varies per country. Therefore, studying the representation of migrants requires analyzing considerable amounts of visual data from different locations. This work addresses that challenge with an interdisciplinary approach characterizing the visual portrayal of migrants using Deep Learning techniques and analyzing results through the lenses of migration and gender studies. Images associated with migrants found on the internet through a search engine and from ten countries are processed to quantify and analyze the demographic and emotional information of the people portrayed. An intersectional approach is employed regarding gender, age, physical features, and emotions. The general group “migrants” is compared with the specific groups “refugees” and “expats”. Results suggest that portrayals predominantly focus on asylum seekers and associate them with poverty and risks for host societies. Moreover, the demographics in the portrayals do not match the official statistics. For expats, an over-representation of “white” and an under-representation of “asian” faces were found, while for migrants and refugees, depictions align with the demographics of low-skilled migrants. Furthermore, results evidence the power struggle underlying the “expat vs. migrant” dichotomy and its inherent colonial nature. The emotions displayed are predominantly negative and align with emotional and gender stereotypes literature. Positive emotions are more associated with women than men, and with expats than refugees and migrants. Previous results regarding the under-representation of migrant women in media are confirmed. Also, women are portrayed as younger than men, and expat women are the youngest. Children appear more in pictures associated with refugees and migrants than with expats. Likewise, migrants are often depicted as crowds, but when that is not the case, migrant and refugee women appear in larger groups than men. A higher proportion of images associated with expats do not contain people. All these effects, however, differ per location. Finally, we suggest future directions and analyze possible limitations of automatic visual content analysis using existing Deep Learning models.
X-ray-imaging spectrometer (XRIS) for studies of residual kinetic energy and low-mode asymmetries in inertial confinement fusion implosions at OMEGA (invited)
Authors: Adrian P. J. , Bachmann B. , Betti R. , Birkel A. , Heuer P. V. , Johnson M. Gatu , Kabadi N. V. , Knauer J. P. , Kunimune J. , Li C. K. , Mannion O. M. , Petrasso R. D. , Regan S. P. , Rinderknecht H. G. , Stoeckl C. , Séguin F.H. , Sorce A. , Shah R. C. , Sutcliffe G. D. , Frenje J. A. 
Published: November 2022

A system of x-ray imaging spectrometer (XRIS) has been implemented at the OMEGA Laser Facility and is capable of spatially and spectrally resolving x-ray self-emission from 5 to 40 keV. The system consists of three independent imagers with nearly orthogonal lines of sight for 3D reconstructions of the x-ray emission region. The distinct advantage of the XRIS system is its large dynamic range, which is enabled by the use of tantalum apertures with radii ranging from 50 μm to 1 mm, magnifications of 4 to 35×, and image plates with any filtration level. In addition, XRIS is capable of recording 1–100’s images along a single line of sight, facilitating advanced statistical inference on the detailed structure of the x-ray emitting regions. Properties such as P0 and P2 of an implosion are measured to 1% and 10% precision, respectively. Furthermore, Te can be determined with 5% accuracy.
Neutron emission spectrometer to measure ion temperature on the Fusion Demonstration Plant
Authors: Carle P. J. F. , Retière F. , Sher A. , Underwood R. , Starosta K. , Hildebrand M. , Barsky S. , Howard S. 
Published: November 2022

General Fusion is building the Fusion Demonstration Plant to demonstrate a magnetized target fusion scheme in which a deuterium plasma is heated from 200 eV to 10 keV by piston-driven compression of a liquid-lithium liner. The multilayer coaxial time-of-flight neutron emission spectrometer is designed to measure the ion temperature near peak compression at which time the neutron yield will approach 1018 neutrons/s. The neutron energy distribution is expected to be Gaussian since the machine uses no neutral beam or radio-frequency heating. In this case, analysis shows that as few as 500 coincidence events should be sufficient to accurately measure the ion temperature. This enables a fast time resolution of 10 µs, which is required to track the rapid change in temperature approaching peak compression. We overcome the challenges of neutron pile-up and event ambiguity with a compact design having two layers of segmented scintillators. The error in the ion temperature measurement is computed as a function of the neutron spectrometer’s geometric parameters and used to optimize the design for the case of reaching 10 keV at peak compression.
Temperature and pressure dependent rate constants of the reactions of OH• with cyclopentene from variational TST and SS-QRRK methods
Authors: Monteiro João G. S. , Neves Douglas C. G. , Ventura Arthur C. P. G. , Lindgren Eric B. , Oliveira Gustavo N. , Fleming Felipe P. , dos Santos Anderson R. , Barbosa André G. H. 
Published: November 2022

In this work, the pressure- and temperature-dependent reaction rate constants for the hydrogen abstraction and addition of hydroxyl radicals to the unsaturated cyclopentene were studied. Geometries and vibrational frequencies of reactants, products, and transition states were calculated using density functional theory, with single-point energy corrections determined at the domain-based local pair natural orbital-coupled-cluster single double triple/cc-pVTZ-F12 level. The high-pressure limit rate constants were calculated using the canonical variational transition state theory with the small-curvature tunneling approximation. The vibrational partition functions were corrected by the effects of torsional and ring-puckering anharmonicities of the transition states and cyclopentene, respectively. Variational effects are shown to be relevant for all the hydrogen abstraction reactions. The increasing of the rate constants by tunneling is significant at temperatures below 500 K. The pressure dependence on the rate constants of the addition of OH• to cyclopentene was calculated using the system-specific quantum Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel model. The high-pressure limit rate constants decrease with increasing temperature in the range 250–1000 K. The falloff behavior was studied at several temperatures with pressures varying between 10−3 and 103 bar. At temperatures below 500 K, the effect of the pressure on the addition rate constant is very modest. However, at temperatures around and above 1000 K, taking pressure into account is mandatory for an accurate rate constant calculation. Branching ratio analyses reveal that the addition reaction dominates at temperatures below 500 K, decreasing rapidly at higher temperatures. Arrhenius parameters are provided for all reactions and pressure dependent Arrhenius parameters are given for the addition of OH• to cyclopentene.
“If you can’t see the pattern here, there’s something wrong”
Authors: Mason Jessica 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter will adopt a data-driven, cognitive stylistic approach, exploring ‘false flag’ conspiracy theories about mass shootings, specifically the Sandy Hook massacre in 2012, which claimed the lives of twenty children and six adults. ‘False flags’ are a sub-type of conspiracy theory where it is believed that, “one group commits an attack and blames it on a rival group or a fictitious group of its invention” (Kearns, Conlon, & Young, 2014, p. 46). Situated against a background of research in psychology examining the characteristics and behaviours of both conspiracy manufacturers and supporters (for example, Douglas et al. 2017; Wood et al. 2012), the chapter will use two concepts from cognitive stylistics – figure-ground, which explores the positioning of attention (Emmott and Alexander 2014; Stockwell 2009, 2020) and schema theory, which focuses on prior knowledge. Building on a previous study by the author (Mason 2019b), the chapter will explore how factually flawed false flag accounts are constructed as persuasive and credible. The research will use a triangulated design to examine stylistic patterns of discourse of both conspiracy manufacturers and supporters, through close analysis of video transcripts and viewer comments from three videos concerning Sandy Hook released on YouTube.
COVID-19 conspiracy theories as affective discourse
Authors: Lee Carmen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter analyzes online reactive comments to news reports on COVID-19 conspiracy theories, with a focus on hate speech on the origin(s) of the coronavirus. Largely mediated by feelings and ‘polarized emotionality’ (Boler and Davis 2018), COVID-origin conspiracy theories mobilize distinct affective publics online: commenters include supporters of China-origin theories and US-origin theories, and non-believers of conspiracy theories respectively. Informed by the theoretical framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this study explores (i) the emotion-triggering discursive strategies surrounding COVID-origin conspiracy theories and (ii) the linguistic devices that realize these strategies. The analysis is based on 849 reactive comments to five Hong Kong-based COVID-origin news reports posted on Facebook. The study has found that such reactive comments to COVID-origin conspiracy theories share similar discourse strategies with those identified in the literature of discriminatory discourse and (covert) hate speech. Both believers and non-believers of conspiracy theories tap into the topoi of danger and threats, and strategically employ referentials, scare tactics, quasi-fallacious argumentations, and intensification/mitigation to legitimize their ideological stances. These strategies stir up negative emotions channeled through COVID-origin conspiracy theories. This chapter reveals the intricate relationship of conspiracy theories, affect, and hate speech in mediatized society.
The ID2020 conspiracy theory in YouTube video comments during COVID-19
Authors: Inwood Olivia , Zappavigna Michele 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores a dataset of YouTube video comments about the ‘ID2020’ conspiracy theory, which claims that Bill Gates is part of a global conspiracy to mandate a COVID-19 vaccine incorporating a tracking microchip. This conspiracy theory merges religious discourses about the ‘Mark of the Beast’, with discourses about quantum dot and blockchain technologies. The chapter aims to understand the kinds of values that are negotiated by users who interact with ID2020 conspiracy videos by posting in YouTube comment sections. The appraisal and communing affiliation frameworks developed within Systemic Functional Linguistics are used to investigate evaluative language and social bonding in the dataset. The results reveal distinct textual personae bonding around positions such as anti-globalism, anti-technology, political scepticism, and anti-vaccination.
Research trends in corpus linguistics
Authors: Crosthwaite Peter , Ningrum Sulistya , Schweinberger Martin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper uses a bibliometric analysis to map the field of Corpus Linguistics (CL) research in arts and
humanities over the last 20 years, tracking changes in popular CL research topics, outlets, highly cited authors, and geographical
origins based on the metadata of 5,829 CL-related articles from 429 Scopus-indexed journals. Results reveal an increase in
corpus-assisted discourse studies, lexical bundles and academic writing, alongside newer topics including multilingualism and
social media. CL studies span 193 languages/dialects with a significant rise in Chinese, Russian, Spanish, and Italian CL research
over the past decade. Clusters of highly cited CL researchers are identified spanning (inter)disciplinary research areas. An
increase of CL researchers in China, Poland, South Korea, Japan, and more is evidence of the now global reach of CL research.
These findings mirror diachronic socio-cultural developments in applied linguistics and society more generally and provide
insights into what CL research might come next.
Work fluctuations for diffusion dynamics submitted to stochastic return
Authors: Gupta Deepak , Plata Carlos A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Returning a system to a desired state under a force field involves a thermodynamic cost, i.e. work. This cost fluctuates for a small-scale system from one experimental realization to another. We introduce a general framework to determine the work distribution for returning a system facilitated by a confining potential with its minimum at the restart location. The general strategy, based on average over resetting pathways, constitutes a robust method to gain access to the statistical information of observables from resetting systems. We exploit paradigmatic setups, where explicit computations are attainable, to illustrate the theory. Numerical simulations validate our theoretical predictions. For some of these examples, a non-trivial behavior of the work fluctuations opens a door to optimization problems. Specifically, work fluctuations can be minimized by an appropriate tuning of the return rate.