bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Drives the Selection of Political Information on Google? Tension Between Ideal Democracy and the Influence of Ranking
Authors: Zumofen Guillaume 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe emergence of the Internet has altered how individuals obtain information—this also applies to political information. Search engines have taken over the role of political information gatekeepers, thus becoming key players in democracy. However, surprisingly little is known about the role of search engines in the political information process, that is, whether they represent an opportunity or a threat to democracy. Through an online survey experiment, which mimicked a Google web interface, this study examines how Swiss citizens select political information on a political news event from a Google search results page. Although citizens consider textual cues from snippets, they are more likely to select sources of information from the top of a Google results page, regardless of the source. We discuss these findings from a democratic theory perspective.
STRUCTURAL CASE ASSIGNMENT, THEMATIC ROLES AND INFORMATION STRUCTURE*
Authors: Brattico Pauli 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA formal model is presented which deduces the structural case assignment profile of Finnish by relying on graph‐theoretical paths and intervention. More complex and controversial features such as nonlocal dependencies, adverbial case marking, case competition, DP‐internal case patterns and interaction of case with agreement, aspect and polarity are also calculated from the model. Abstract Case and case concord were eliminated. The model links case assignment with word order, thematic roles and information structure. The results suggest that case might play a role in language comprehension.
A data‐informed system to manage scarce blood product allocation in a randomized controlled trial of convalescent plasma
Authors: Li Na , Zeller Michelle P. , Shih Andrew W. , Heddle Nancy M. , St. John Melanie , Bégin Philippe , Callum Jeannie , Arnold Donald M. , Akbari‐Moghaddam Maryam , Down Douglas G. , Jamula Erin , Devine Dana V. , Tinmouth Alan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundEquitable allocation of scarce blood products needed for a randomized controlled trial (RCT) is a complex decision‐making process within the blood supply chain. Strategies to improve resource allocation in this setting are lacking.MethodsWe designed a custom‐made, computerized system to manage the inventory and allocation of COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP) in a multi‐site RCT, CONCOR‐1. A hub‐and‐spoke distribution model enabled real‐time inventory monitoring and assignment for randomization. A live CCP inventory system using REDCap was programmed for spoke sites to reserve, assign, and order CCP from hospital hubs. A data‐driven mixed‐integer programming model with supply and demand forecasting was developed to guide the equitable allocation of CCP at hubs across Canada (excluding Québec).Results18/38 hospital study sites were hubs with a median of 2 spoke sites per hub. A total of 394.5 500‐ml doses of CCP were distributed; 349.5 (88.6%) doses were transfused; 9.5 (2.4%) were wasted due to mechanical damage sustained to the blood bags; 35.5 (9.0%) were unused at the end of the trial. Due to supply shortages, 53/394.5 (13.4%) doses were imported from Héma‐Québec to Canadian Blood Services (CBS), and 125 (31.7%) were transferred between CBS regional distribution centers to meet demand. 137/349.5 (39.2%) and 212.5 (60.8%) doses were transfused at hubs and spoke sites, respectively. The mean percentages of total unmet demand were similar across the hubs, indicating equitable allocation, using our model.ConclusionComputerized tools can provide efficient and immediate solutions for equitable allocation decisions of scarce blood products in RCTs.
Analysis of gender representation on transfusion medicine journal editorial boards: Comparison between 2019 and 2022
Authors: Jacobs Jeremy W. , Adkins Brian D. , Woo Jennifer S. , Lally Kimberly , Booth Garrett S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesA 2019 study highlighted significant gender inequities among blood banking and transfusion medicine (BBTM) journal editorial boards. We sought to assess if the representation of women has improved in the intervening 3 years.Materials and MethodsWe analysed the gender composition of nine BBTM journal editorial boards as of 13 September 2022, including the seven journals studied in 2019. We compared this to the proportion of females (term used by authors) on seven BBTM journal editorial boards in 2019 to assess change in the editorial board composition. We also assessed gender composition by editorial position (editor‐in‐chief [EIC], associate/assistant/titled editors and editorial board members).ResultsNine BBTM journals have a total of 398 editorial positions and comprise significantly more men than women (68.8%, 274/398 vs. 31.2%, 124/398; p < 0.001). Among the seven journals analysed in 2019, the proportion of women on these seven editorial boards has remained unchanged (2019: 30.1%, 81/269 vs. 2022: 31.9%, 103/323; p = 0.66) despite the addition of 54 editorial positions.ConclusionWomen remain inequitably represented on journal editorial boards among all journal editorial positions. Although advocacy efforts are increasing, there has been limited improvement in gender equity in 3 years, despite a 20% increase in editorial positions.
Pilot study of the ultrasonographic examination of the intact and transected medial glenohumeral ligament in dogs
Authors: Gemignani Francesco , Harel Mathieu , Livet Véronique , Barthélemy Anthony , Ségard Émilie , Cachon Thibaut , Sonet Juliette 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMedial glenohumeral ligament injury is commonly reported during medial shoulder joint instability in dogs. Arthroscopy is considered the gold standard procedure, but it is invasive and requires distension of the joint. Ultrasonographic examination of the medial glenohumeral ligament has been studied as a possible, less invasive alternative to arthroscopy however it has not been considered a useful method of assessment due to the interference of the probe with the pectoral muscles. The aims of this prospective analytical randomized pilot study were to develop a standardized ultrasound protocol for visualizing the canine medial glenohumeral ligament and to compare goniometry and ultrasound findings in cadaver dogs with versus without transection of the medial glenohumeral ligament. Nine adult Beagle cadavers (18 shoulders) were used. The first six shoulders were used in a preliminary study to describe an ultrasound technique to identify the medial glenohumeral ligament. Arthroscopy was performed on the remaining 12 shoulders, with six randomly selected medial glenohumeral ligaments from these shoulders, transected during the procedure. Ultrasound examination was performed after each arthroscopic procedure by an ultrasonographer blinded to the patient group. Four medial glenohumeral ligaments (67%) were correctly identified during the preliminary study. Ultrasonographic examination failed to diagnose the transection of all six medial glenohumeral ligaments in the second part of the study. No difference was observed in the ligament thickness between the dogs with and without a transected medial glenohumeral ligament. Dogs with a transected medial glenohumeral ligament had a wider articular space compared to dogs without a transected ligament (P < 0.001), and an articular space wider than 8.2 mm was discriminatory of a transected medial glenohumeral ligament in all the shoulders. In conclusion, the medial glenohumeral ligament could be identified with a medial ultrasonographic approach of the shoulder and a wider articular space can be a sign of a medial shoulder joint instability. Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary findings in living dogs, with and without shoulder instability.
Distinct type I collagen alterations cause intrinsic lung and respiratory defects of variable severity in mouse models of osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Dimori Milena , Fett Jordan , Leikin Sergey , Otsuru Satoru , Thostenson Jeff D. , Carroll John L. , Morello Roy 
Published: October 2022

AbstractType I collagen alterations cause osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a connective tissue disorder characterized by severe bone fragility. Patients with OI can suffer from significant pulmonary manifestations including severe respiratory distress in the neonatal period and a progressive decline in respiratory function in adulthood. We and others have shown intrinsic lung defects in some mouse models of OI. In this large study, we performed histological, histomorphometric, microcomputed tomography and invasive studies on oim/+, Col1a2+/G610C, CrtapKO and oim/oim mice, mimicking mild to moderate to severe OI, with the overall goal of determining the extent of their pulmonary and respiratory mechanics defects and whether these defects correlate with the skeletal disease severity and affect each sex equally. Although with variable severity, OI lung histology consistently showed alveolar simplification with enlarged acinar airspace and reduced alveolar surface. Numerous respiratory mechanics parameters, including respiratory system resistance and elastance, tissue damping, inspiratory capacity, total lung capacity, and others, were significantly and similarly impacted in CrtapKO and oim/oim but not in oim/+ or Col1a2+/G610C compared to control mice. Our data indicate that the impact of type I collagen alterations and OI on lung morphology and function positively correlate with the severity of the extracellular matrix deficiency. Moreover, the respiratory defects were more pronounced in male compared to female mice. It will be important to determine whether our observations in mice translate to OI patients and to dissect the respective contribution of intrinsic lung defects vs. extrinsic skeletal defects to impaired lung function in OI.
imageKey points
Different type I collagen alterations in mouse models of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) cause similar abnormal lung histology, with alveolar simplification and reduced alveolar surface, reminiscent of emphysema.
Several respiratory mechanics parameters are altered in mouse models of OI.
The impact of type I collagen alterations and OI on lung morphology and function positively correlate with the severity of the extracellular matrix deficiency.
Respiratory defects were more pronounced in male compared to female mice.
It will be important to determine whether our observations in mice translate to OI patients and to dissect the respective contribution of intrinsic lung defects vs. extrinsic skeletal defects to impaired lung function in OI.
Effect of Protuberances at the Blade Trailing Edge of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
Authors: Somoano M. , Huera-Huarte F. J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This experimental work describes the effect of protuberances at the trailing edge of the blades of a three straight bladed cross-flow turbine. The performance of the turbine was studied after wind tunnel experiments and results are compared against a turbine with the same characteristics but having blades with symmetric profiles.
The turbine model was based on blades with NACA-0015 profile, with a chord-to-diameter ratio of 0.16. The especially designed set-up included measurements of the shaft torque and speed, as well as the characterisation of the incoming wind profile. The model had a fixed pitch angle of 6 degrees toe-out and the blades were designed to allow easy interchangeability of the trailing edges. The different trailing-edge bumps investigated resulted from combinations of sinusoidal functions with wavelengths of 0.250 and 0.125 times the blade chord, with amplitudes of 0.005, 0.010 and 0.015 times the chord. The tip speed ratios covered in these wind tunnel experiments go up to 2.4 at a fixed Reynolds number near 4·105.
The results show evident changes in the performance of the turbine. These are believed to be caused by the protuberances, inducing the development of a secondary flow pattern in the spanwise direction of the blade. This would modify the blade-wake interactions inside the rotor, and therefore the overall performance.
Analysis of a Hybrid Mooring System Concept for a Semi-Submersible Wind Turbine in Intermediate Water Depth Under Operational, Extreme, and Yaw Error Conditions
Authors: Cao Qun , Bachynski-Polić Erin E. , Gao Zhen , Xiao Longfei , Cheng Zhengshun , Liu Mingyue 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A hybrid mooring system consisting of catenary chains and a series of clump weights was designed for the intermediate water depth, for a floating semi-submersible wind turbine. The use of multiple clump weights in the mooring line provides smaller footprint area and shorter bottom section length, as compared to a normal mooring line without clump weights. This suits the use for intermediate or shallow waters. The performance of this mooring concept is analyzed through both experimental and numerical methods. The experimental and numerical mean values of the pitch motion, surge motion and fairlead tension match well under both operational and extreme conditions. The wave-induced low-frequency responses match well after tuning the drag coefficients. The low-frequency components are slightly over-estimated by the numerical model under wind-only condition, because the wind loads and damping acting on the blade model in FAST and in model test are different. However, these components are simulated well under a combined operational wind-wave-current condition. Under extreme condition, the mean and dynamic tensions at clump weights are noteworthy. For extreme condition, the surge motion and fairlead tension of line#4 are more severe when yaw error angle is larger.
The Application of Semi-Analytical Diffraction Formulas to Predict Second-Order Dynamic Response of a TLP Floating Wind Turbine in Monochromatic Waves
Authors: Ronge Elie , Peyrard Christophe , Venugopal Vengatesan , Xiao Qing , Johanning Lars 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Floating offshore wind Tension-Leg-Platform (TLP) concepts benefit from a reduced hull tonnage and limit response in vertical modes of motion through the use of pre-tensioned mooring lines to resist aero-hydrodynamic forces. However, this design choice requires an accurate prediction of extreme loadings in the mooring cables such as those generated from slack-line events. Literature shows that slacking events are better predicted when including higher-order hydrodynamic loading as these can generate high-frequency resonant responses in TLPs referred to as springing and ringing for second-order and third-order sum-frequency responses respectively. Therefore, understanding the amplitudes and phases of the various harmonics of the forces on TLP platform’s hulls can be an important aspect of their design.
This paper compares two common engineering methods for computing second-order loads, the strip theory and second-order potential flow approaches to be applied for a TLP type Floating Offshore Wind Turbine (FOWT). Whilst the strip theory approach is computationally efficient for second-order force calculation on cylinders, its accuracy decreases with high radius to wavelength ratio. On the other hand, commercial BEM solvers compute second-order forces with a much higher degree of accuracy but they suffer from high computational time.
Therefore, a third method is proposed in this paper, aiming at combining better accuracy than with strip theory while keeping computational time low, by using semi-analytical equations in the form proposed by Huang & Eatock Taylor [1]. The harmonics of the force signal generated by unidirectional monochromatic waves on a truncated vertical cylinder in finite depth are compared with BEM and strip theory models to understand the difference of force amplitudes and phases between the various models and their exact domain of application. The comparison is then extended by applying the same method on the transition piece of an academic TLP while modelling the remainder of the structure with strip theory. The harmonics of motions and line tensions are then compared for the three models with particular attention given to springing response.
The results suggest the viability of applying semi-analytical potential flow solution as an alternative to the traditional strip theory methods for the estimation of springing response in TLP FOWTs in early design optimisation loops. However, the paper highlights the issues of their use on complex structures and proposes further work to determine their full potential.
LQR Optimal Control of Two-Rotor Wind Turbine Mounted on Spar-Type Floating Platform
Authors: El Beshbichi Omar , Xing Yihan , Ong Muk Chen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Interest is steadily growing for multi-rotor wind turbine concepts. This type of wind turbine offers a practical solution for scaling issues of large wind turbine components and for reduction of costs associated with manufacturing, logistics, and maintenance. However, the literature lacks thorough knowledge of the dynamic performance of multi-rotor wind turbine concepts installed on floating platforms. Previous research studied the dynamic response of a two-rotor wind turbine concept mounted on a spar-type floating platform (2WT). Platform yaw motion is a significant dynamic factor directly caused by differential turbulence intensity experienced by the two hubs coupled with the distribution of thrust loads on the tower structure. Blade-pitch control analysis also showed how the 2WT yaw response is extremely sensitive to the control strategy employed. In this work, LQR control is used to design an optimal controller for the 2WT prototype. Three LQR gain schedules corresponding to three operation regions are considered. An in-house tool for the dynamic analysis of multi-rotor floating wind turbines is used for linear state-space extraction and dynamic analysis. The control performance in different load conditions is assessed against the baseline OC3 PI control strategy and a PI-P control strategy in a previous paper presented by the authors.
On the Real Time Hybrid Modelling of Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Using Ducted Fan(s)
Authors: Cinello Alexandre , Pétrié François , Rousse Benjamin , Le Cunff Cédric 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Real-time hybrid modelling refers to the use, in real-time, of multiple modelling approaches to improve the overall accuracy of the representation of a complex system. In hydrodynamics, numerical models may not be able to capture non-linear effects such as viscous effects, greenwater, slamming, second or higher order loads and usually require calibration against basin model tests. On the other hand, the downscaling needed for the model test is difficult to achieve for a system submitted to both hydrodynamic and aerodynamic loadings. For some applications, couplings between the individual system components are so large that testing separately each component is not representative of the global system’s behaviour. For such applications, the real-time hybrid modelling, mixing in real-time (i.e. in the basin itself) numerical simulations and basin model tests, can solve this issue. This paper presents the application of such technique to a floating offshore wind turbine. The first basin tests were performed with a single fan and a turbine numerical model with rigid blades. For the second set of tests, the following improvements were made: on the experimental side, a dual rotating fans system was built and on the software side, the influence of blade flexibility was incorporated. Comparisons between the various modeling assumptions and experimental setups are presented. This is useful to define the required level of turbine representation based on the objectives of the basin tests.
Experimental Analysis of Mooring and Power Cable Dynamics When Using Elastic String Models
Authors: Somoano M. , Blanco D. , Rodríguez-Luis A. , Guanche R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This work analyses the mooring and power cable dynamics in large-scale experimental tests carried out in the wave-current-tsunami flume (COCOTSU) facility at IHCantabria. The analysis is based on scaled elastic string models for a single chain-nylon mooring line and the dynamic cable of a 15MW floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) supported by a concrete semi-submersible platform (ActiveFloat) in Gran Canaria Island (Spain). Both scaled concepts in the 100 m deep site are developed within the framework of the project COREWIND. All the test campaign is planned to be fully monitored; hence two overlapped video cameras register the line kinematics while the tensions are recorded in its two extreme points.
The most difficult characteristic to fix in an elastic material at laboratory scale is the combined reproduction of axial and bending stiffness. On the one hand, to replicate the real axial stiffness in a chain-nylon mooring line, the first problem lies in finding a material capable of doing it with an acceptable hysteresis. The second issue consists in knowing the axial stiffness of the selected elastic material for each imposed oscillation, as it depends on the loading velocity. On the other hand, the limiting mechanical characteristic of the lazy-wave cable is the bending stiffness. To make the bending stiffness tests, we have previously built our own three-point bending flexural tester. 25 materials have been characterised to identify the best one for testing. From this analysis a database of materials has been derived.
For each of the configurations analysed, a set of 40 forced oscillation tests are planned to reproduce either mooring fairlead or power cable connector movements in surge. An initial tension-deformation test is followed by 28 combinations of harmonic excitations with two origins, two amplitudes and seven periods, and 11 irregular time series obtained from the resulting surge displacements of the platform when simulating in OpenFAST extreme and severe Design Load Cases 1.3, 1.6 and 6.1. Experimental data obtained are stored in an online repository to make it freely available to the wind energy sector. The ambitious reduced scale tests proposed provide enough cases to deliver a benchmarking database for numerical models calibration including forces at anchor and fairlead, as well as line shape.