bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photocrosslinking Property of Certain Synthesized Bis(arylidene)cycloalkanone based Random Copolyesters with Computational Support and their Anticancer Study
Authors: Kiruba B. , Chidambaravinayagam S. 
Published: September 2022

The synthesis of random copolyesters involves polycondensation of arylidene diol with curcumin and glutaryl chloride in 1:1:2 ratio. For this monomers, 2,6-bis-(4-hydroxy benzylidene) cyclohexanone, 2,6-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)cyclohexanone, 2,5-bis-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)cyclopentanone and 2,5-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzylidene)cyclopentanone were synthesized using acid catalyzed Claisen-Schmidt reaction. Qualitative solubility tests reveal that prepared copolyesters dissolve well in polar solvents. The successful formation of copolyesters was confirmed by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques. Glass transition temperature of prepared polymers was calculated using differential scanning calorimetric analysis. Further, the prepared copolyesters were utilized as in vitro anticancer agents against breast cancer MCF7 cells. The experimental results of phototcrosslinking property of the copolyesters was compared with that of computational method by DFT calculations which shows coincidence of both.
Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Coating Methods: A Review
Authors: Mathai S. , S. Shaji P. 
Published: September 2022

Coating technology is widely recognized as the most cost-effective and efficient method of preventing metal corrosion. Polymers have been regarded as a powerful coating material owing to their excellent barrier qualities, simplicity of modification, and large-scale production. Nanomaterials differ significantly from their physical and chemical properties, and have been hailed as highly promising functional materials in a wide range of applications, affecting nearly every aspect of science and technology. The addition of organic or inorganic nanofiller particles to polymer nanocomposite coatings may improve corrosion protection and lower the possibility of blistering or delamination. High hardness for polymer coatings, on the other hand, could be achieved by forming hard nanocrystalline phases inside the matrix. This article provides an overview of recent developments in polymer nanocomposite coatings in terms of their history, coating methods, properties, features, and drawbacks.
Magnetic resonance analysis of deep cerebral venous vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits
Authors: Zhang Zixuan , Fang Qiong , Zhang Yu , Zhu Youzhi , Zhang Wei , Zhu Youyou , Deng Xuefei 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveArterial spasm is proved to be an inducer of cerebral ischemia and cerebral infarction, while when a venous spasm occurs, cerebral edema is seen to be caused by a disturbance in cerebral blood flow. However, it is unclear and unproven whether venous spasm occurs after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). To provide the theoretical basis for treating cerebral vasospasm after SAH, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was employed to observe the changes in the diameter of deep cerebral veins in rabbits after SAH.MethodsFourteen New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into the SAH group (n = 10) and the normal saline group (NS group, n = 4). Specifically, the SAH models were established by the ultrasound-guided double injections of blood into cisterna magna. Moreover, the MRI was performed to observe the changes in the diameter of deep cerebral veins (internal cerebral vein, basilar vein, and great cerebral vein) and basilar artery before modeling (0 d) and 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 d after modeling.ResultsIn the SAH group, the diameter of the basilar artery showed no evident change on the 1st d. However, it became narrower obviously on the 3rd d and 5th d, and the stenosis degree was more than 30%. The diameter gradually relieved from 7th to 9th d, and finally returned to normal on the 11th d. Moreover, the diameter of the internal cerebral vein significantly narrowed on the 1st d, the stenosis degree of which was 19%; the stenosis then relieved slightly on the 3rd d (13%), reached the peak (34%) on the 5th d, and gradually relieved from 7th d to 11th d. Moreover, the stenosis degree of the basilar vein was 18% on the 1st d, 24% on the 3rd d, and reached the peak (34%) on the 5th d.ConclusionAfter SAH in rabbits, the cerebral vasospasm was seen to occur in the basilar artery, and likewise, spasmodic changes took place in the deep cerebral vein. Furthermore, the time regularity of spasmodic changes between the cerebral vein and basilar artery was of significant difference, indicating that the venous vasospasm resulted in active contraction.
Both epicardial and peri-aortic adipose tissue blunt heart rate recovery beyond body fat mass
Authors: Chang Sheng-Hsiung , Chu Po-Hua , Tsai Cheng-Ting , Kuo Jen-Yuan , Tsai Jui-Peng , Hung Ta-Chuan , Hou Charles Jia-Yin , Lai Yau-Hui , Liu Chia-Yuan , Huang Wei-Ming , Yun Chun-Ho , Yeh Hung-I , Hung Chung-Lieh 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundEpicardial adipose tissue (EAT) as a marker of metabolic disorders has been shown to be closely associated with a variety of unfavorable cardiovascular events and cardiac arrhythmias. Data on regional-specific visceral adiposity outside the heart and its modulation on autonomic dysfunction, particularly heart rate recovery after exercise, remain obscure.MethodsWe studied 156 consecutive subjects (mean age: 49.3 ± 8.0 years) who underwent annual health surveys and completed treadmill tests. Multi-detector computed tomography-based visceral adiposity, including EAT and peri-aortic fat (PAF) tissue, was quantified using dedicated software (Aquarius 3D Workstation, TeraRecon, San Mateo, CA, USA). We further correlated EAT and PAF with blood pressure and heart rate (HR) recovery information from an exercise treadmill test. Metabolic abnormalities were scored by anthropometrics in combination with biochemical data.ResultsIncreased EAT and PAF were both associated with a smaller reduction in systolic blood pressure during the hyperventilation stage before exercise compared to supine status (β-coefficient (coef.): −0.19 and −0.23, respectively, both p &lt; 0.05). Both visceral adipose tissue mediated an inverted relationship with heart rate recovery at 3 (EAT: β-coef.: −0.3; PAF: β-coef.: −0.36) and 6 min (EAT: β-coef.: −0.32; PAF: β-coef.: −0.34) after peak exercise, even after adjusting for baseline clinical variables and body fat composition (all p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionExcessive visceral adiposity, whether proximal or distal to the heart, may modulate the autonomic response by lowering the rate of HR recovery from exercise after accounting for clinical metabolic index. Cardiac autonomic dysfunction may partly explain the increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality related to both visceral fats.
Response of soil carbon dioxide efflux to temporal repackaging of rainfall into fewer, larger events in a semiarid grassland
Authors: Roby Matthew C. , Scott Russell L. , Biederman Joel A. , Smith William K. , Moore David J. P. 
Published: September 2022

Changing rainfall patterns will alter soil water availability to plants and microbes and likely impact soil CO2 efflux (Fs) in semiarid ecosystems. However, our understanding of the response of Fs to compound changes in rainfall event size and frequency remains relatively limited. To address this knowledge gap, we examined how compound changes in rainfall size and frequency impact Fs in a semiarid grassland by deploying automated soil chambers at a rainfall manipulation experiment. All plots within the experiment received equal total summer growing season precipitation that was temporally repackaged into regular events of inversely varied size and frequency, with event sizes ranging from 5 to 50 mm and dry intervals ranging from 3.5 to 21 days. We found that repackaging rainfall into few/large events with long dry intervals decreased seasonal cumulative Fs. Repackaging influenced key aspects of pulses including mean, maximum, and antecedent (day before irrigation) values of soil moisture and Fs and their rate of decline during drying intervals. Soil moisture explained substantial variation in Fs (R2 &gt; 0.84) for all treatments; however, the sensitivity of Fs to soil moisture decreased in the few/large regime compared to the reference and many/small regimes. Dynamics in plant phenology (quantified by plot greenness) and soil temperature interacted with soil moisture to influence the seasonal evolution of Fs pulses and cumulative efflux. Our findings demonstrate that soil moisture and vegetation responses to changes in rainfall size and frequency impact soil CO2 efflux pulses and seasonal emissions in semiarid grasslands. These results, coupled with the knowledge that CO2 efflux pulses play an outsized role in dryland carbon exchange, indicate the possibility of future climate-mediated shifts in the carbon cycling of semiarid ecosystems.
Low-frequency waterborne sound insulation by an acoustic metascreen with a metal chiral structure
Authors: Wang Chao , Zhao Honggang , Wang Yang , Zhong Jie , Yang Haibin , Yu Dianlong , Wen Jihong 
Published: September 2022

Low sound speed or low-density materials can be used as soft acoustic boundaries in water, potentially as low-frequency underwater sound insulation. This study uses a chiral structure to construct an acoustic metascreen with deep subwavelength thickness. The results show that the transmission coefficient of the metascreen decreases noticeably in the low-frequency range when adjusting the chiral structure. The displacement pattern and the effective acoustic impedance are used to investigate the sound insulation mechanism. Low sound speed and effective acoustic impedance are found in the anisotropic chiral structure, and an extensive range of quasi-longitudinal wave phase velocities from 116.70 m/s to 3935.48 m/s can be obtained by adjusting the structural parameters without changing the filling rate. Finally, the effect of the oblique incidence angle on the sound insulation of the metascreen is investigated.
A survey on the safety of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine among a population with stroke risk in China
Authors: Wu Gang , Zhang Meixian , Xie Xiaomei , Zhu Yanwu , Tang Hongxia , Zhu Xinmiao , Liang Yifan , Chen Tao , Zhu Kuangyao , Zhang Danfeng , Jiang Sujun , Jiang Zhengli , Ke Shaofa 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe safety of the COVID-19 vaccine in patients at stroke risk is poorly understood.MethodsA survey was conducted on risk factors related to stroke and adverse reactions to vaccines. The participants were divided into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups, according to the stroke risk scorecard recommended by the Stroke Prevention and Control Engineering Committee of the National Health and Family Planning Commission. Factors associated with adverse reactions were analyzed. Reasons for non-vaccination and the aggravation of underlying diseases after vaccination were investigated.Results1747 participants participated (138 unvaccinated) and 36.8, 22.1, 41.1% of the vaccinated participants had low, medium, high risk of stroke, respectively. The incidence of adverse reactions after the first and second injection was 16.6, 13.7%, respectively. There was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions among different risk groups. Sex, vaccine type, sleep quality, worry of adverse reactions, age, and education level were significantly related to adverse reactions to vaccination. The most popular reason for non-vaccination for medium- or high risk-participants was the aggravation of the existing disease. Only 0.3% of vaccinated participants reported slight changes in blood pressure, sugar levels, and lipid levels. No aggravation of stroke sequelae, atrial fibrillation, or transient ischemic attack was reported.ConclusionsVaccination against COVID-19 (inactive virus) is safe for people at risk of stroke when the existing disease condition is stable. It is suggested to strengthen vaccine knowledge and ensure good sleep before vaccination.
Rehabilitation outcomes at discharge from staged community-based brain injury rehabilitation: A retrospective cohort study (ABI-RESTaRT), Western Australia, 2011–2020
Authors: Troeung Lakkhina , Mann Georgina , Cullinan Lily , Wagland Janet , Martini Angelita 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate change in functional independence, psychosocial functioning, and goal attainment at discharge from a slow-stream Staged Community-Based Brain Injury Rehabilitation (SCBIR) service in Western Australia, 2011–2020.MethodsRetrospective cohort study ofn= 323 adults with acquired brain injury (ABI) enrolled in a post-acute SCBIR service compared against a control cohort ofn= 312 with ABI admitted to three non-rehabilitation programs. Outcome measures were the UK Functional Independence Measure and Functional Assessment Measure (FIM+FAM), Mayo Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 (MPAI-4), and Goal Attainment Scale. Change in FIM+FAM and MPAI-4 scores and predictors of goal attainment at discharge were evaluated using multilevel mixed-effects regression.ResultsMedian SCBIR length of stay was 20.5 months. Rehabilitation clients demonstrated clinically significant functional gains at discharge, adjusted mean change = +20.3,p&lt; 0.001 (FIM+FAM). Peak gains of +32.3 were observed after 24–30 months and clinically significant gains were observed 5 years post-admission. Individuals discharged ≤6 months had the smallest functional gains (+12.7). Small psychosocial improvements were evidenced at discharge, mean reduction = −2.9T,p&lt; 0.001 (MPAI-4) but not clinically significant. 47% of rehabilitation clients achieved their goals at the expected level or higher at discharge. Compared to the control, rehabilitation clients evidenced significantly greater functional gains and psychosocial improvement but lower goal attainment. Significant predictors of goal attainment at discharge were &gt;2 years since injury, higher cognitive function and higher emotional adjustment at admission.ConclusionsFunctional recovery after ABI is a gradual and ongoing process. SCBIR is effective for functional rehabilitation post-injury but can be improved to achieve clinically meaningful psychosocial improvement.
Opposing inflammatory biomarker responses to sleep disruption in cancer patients before and during oncological therapy
Authors: Oliva Delmy , Andersson Bengt-Åke , Lewin Freddi , Jensen Lasse D. 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSleep disruption is known to be highly prevalent in cancer patients, aggravated during oncological treatment and closely associated with reduced quality of life, therapeutic outcome and survival. Inflammatory factors are associated with sleep disruption in healthy individuals and cancer patients, but heterogeneity and robustness of inflammatory factors associated with sleep disruption and how these are affected by oncological therapy remain poorly understood. Furthermore, due to the complex crosstalk between sleep-, and therapy-associated factors, including inflammatory factors, there are currently no established biomarkers for predicting sleep disruption in patients undergoing oncological therapy.MethodsWe performed a broad screen of circulating biomarkers with immune-modulating or endocrine functions and coupled these to self-reported sleep quality using the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) sleep scale. Ninety cancer patients with gastrointestinal, urothelial, breast, brain and tonsillar cancers, aged between 32 and 86 years, and scheduled for adjuvant or palliative oncological therapy were included. Of these, 71 patients were evaluable. Data was collected immediately before and again 3 months after onset of oncological therapy.ResultsSeventeen among a total of 45 investigated plasma proteins were found to be suppressed in cancer patients exhibiting sleep disruption prior to treatment onset, but this association was lost following the first treatment cycle. Patients whose sleep quality was reduced during the treatment period exhibited significantly increased plasma levels of six pro-inflammatory biomarkers (IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-a, IFN-g, and GM-CSF) 3 months after the start of treatment, whereas biomarkers with anti-inflammatory, growth factor, immune-modulatory, or chemokine functions were unchanged.ConclusionOur work suggests that biomarkers of sleep quality are not valid for cancer patients undergoing oncological therapy if analyzed only at a single timepoint. On the other hand, therapy-associated increases in circulating inflammatory biomarkers are closely coupled to reduced sleep quality in cancer patients. These findings indicate a need for testing of inflammatory and other biomarkers as well as sleep quality at multiple times during the patient treatment and care process.
Risk factors and survival prediction of pancreatic cancer with lung metastases: A population-based study
Authors: Yao Zong-Xi , Tu Jun-Hao , Zhou Bin , Huang Yang , Liu Yu-Lin , Xue Xiao-Feng 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe risk and prognosis of pancreatic cancer with lung metastasis (PCLM) are not well-defined. Thus, this study aimed to identify the risk and prognostic factors for these patients, and establish predictive nomogram models.MethodsPatients diagnosed with PCLM between 2010 and 2016 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Independent risk factors and prognostic factors were identified using logistic regression and Cox regression analyses. Nomograms were constructed to predict the risk and survival of PCLM, and the area under the curve (AUC), C-index, and calibration curve were used to determine the predictive accuracy and discriminability of the established nomogram, while the decision curve analysis was used to confirm the clinical effectiveness.ResultsA total of 11287 cases with complete information were included; 601 (5.3%) patients with PC had lung metastases. Multivariable logistic analysis demonstrated that primary site, histological subtype, and brain, bone, and liver metastases were independent risk factors for lung metastases. We constructed a risk prediction nomogram model for the development of lung metastases among PC patients. The c-index of the established diagnostic nomogram was 0.786 (95%CI 0.726-0.846). Multivariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated that primary site, liver metastases, surgery, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for both overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS), while bone metastases were independent prognostic factors for CSS. The C-indices for the OS and CSS prediction nomograms were 0.76 (95% CI 0.74-0.78) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.74-0.78), respectively. Based on the AUC of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA), we concluded that the risk and prognosis model of PCBM exhibits excellent performance.ConclusionsThe present study identified the risk and prognostic factors of PCLM and further established nomograms, which can help clinicians effectively identify high-risk patients and predict their clinical outcomes.
A novel small molecule RK-019 inhibits FGFR2-amplification gastric cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zeng Jun , Ran Kai , Li Xinyue , Tao Longyue , Wang Qiwei , Ren Jiangtao , Hu Rong , Zhu Yongxia , Liu Zhihao , Yu Luoting 
Published: September 2022

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most malignant cancers and is estimated to be fifth in incidence ratio and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite advances in GC treatment, poor prognosis and low survival rate necessitate the development of novel treatment options. Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) have been suggested to be potential targets for GC treatment. In this study, we report a novel selective FGFR inhibitor, RK-019, with a pyrido [1, 2-a] pyrimidinone skeleton. In vitro, RK-019 showed excellent FGFR1-4 inhibitory activities and strong anti-proliferative effects against FGFR2-amplification (FGFR2-amp) GC cells, including SNU-16 and KATO III cells. Treatment with RK-019 suppressed phosphorylation of FGFR and its downstream pathway proteins, such as FRS2, PLCγ, AKT, and Erk, resulting in cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, daily oral administration of RK-019 could attenuate tumor xenograft growth with no adverse effects. Here, we reported a novel specific FGFR inhibitor, RK-019, with potent anti-FGFR2-amp GC activity both in vitro and in vivo.
Body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight or obese people post COVID-19: A comparative study
Authors: Lemos Maurício Medeiros , Cavalini Gustavo Rocha , Pugliese Henrique Carlos Renato , Perli Victor Augusto Santos , de Moraes Marchiori Glória , Marchiori Luciana Lozza de Moraes , Sordi Ana Flávia , Franzói de Moraes Solange Marta , de Paula Ramos Solange , Valdés-Badilla Pablo , Mota Jorge , Magnani Branco Braulio Henrique 
Published: September 2022

The present study aimed to evaluate the body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness of overweight or obese people after COVID-19. 171 volunteers of both sexes (men, n = 93 and women, n = 78) between 19 and 65 years old were allocated into three groups according to the severity of their symptoms of COVID-19: non-hospitalized people/mild symptoms (n = 61), hospitalized (n = 58), and hospitalized in an intensive care unit-ICU (n = 52). Two laboratory visits were carried out 24 h apart. First, a medical consultation was carried out, with subsequent measurement of body weight and height (calculation of body mass index) and body composition assessment via electrical bioimpedance. After 24 h, a cardiorespiratory test was performed using the Bruce protocol, with a direct gas exchange analysis. Hospitalized individuals had significantly higher values for fat mass and body fat percentage than non-hospitalized individuals (p &lt; 0.05). Significantly higher values were found for heart rate (HR) and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) for individuals who were not hospitalized when compared to those hospitalized in the ICU (p &lt; 0.05). Significantly higher values for distance, ventilation, and the relationship between respiratory quotient were found for non-hospitalized individuals compared to hospitalized individuals and those in the ICU (p &lt; 0.05). After the cardiorespiratory test, higher values for peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) were observed for non-hospitalized individuals than for all hospitalized individuals (p &lt; 0.05). Diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher at the tenth and fifteenth minute post-Bruce test in hospitalized than in non-hospitalized participants (p &lt; 0.05). Based on these results, proposals for cardiopulmonary rehabilitation are indispensable for hospitalized groups considering the responses of blood pressure. Monitoring HR, SpO2, and blood pressure are necessary during rehabilitation to avoid possible physical complications. Volume and intensity of exercise prescription should respect the physiologic adaptation. Given lower physical conditioning among all the groups, proposals for recovering from health conditions are urgent and indispensable for COVID-19 survivors.