bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A stepwise haematological screening and whole‐exome sequencing reveal multiple mutations from SUPT5H causing an elevation of Hb A2 from a cohort of 47336 individuals
Authors: Lou Jiwu , Ye Yuhua , Sun Manna , Zhao Ying , Fu Youqing , Liu Yanhui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionThough an increase in Hb A2 is one of the most key markers of β‐thal carriers, a few independent cases are reported to show elevated Hb A2 levels caused by mutations in other genes beyond β‐globin gene.MethodsWe reviewed the haematological indices of 47336 individuals to analyse the phenotype–genotype correlation and identified 1439 individuals (3.04%) positive in the elevation of Hb A2. Globin and KLF1 genes analysis was performed, and further whole‐exome sequencing was carried to dissect the genetic causes of those positive samples without β‐thalassemic or KLF1 mutations.ResultsOf these 1439 individuals with elevated Hb A2, 1381 had a molecular defect in globin genes, and most were β‐thalassemic mutation; 10 had a molecular defect in KLF1 gene. Finally, among the 38 individuals without β‐thalassemic or KLF1 mutations, 7 were identified to carried a loss‐of‐function mutation in SUPT5H.ConclusionThis study has provided a mutation spectrum of SUPT5H in a cohort screening leading to the elevation of Hb A2. According to the previous observations that individuals with a combination of β‐thal mutation and a SUPT5H variant might present moderate β‐thaelassemia, these findings emphasized the importance of comprehensive molecular diagnosis to prevent birth defects of β‐thaelassemia caused by rare mutations from modifier genes.
The utilization of a nurse‐led clinic by older people with cognitive complaints: Do they follow our advice?
Authors: Kor Patrick Pui‐kin , Kwan Rick Yiu Cho , Cheung Daphne Sze Ki , Lai Claudia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimCognitive assessment services were found to be beneficial to older people with cognitive complaints but information is limited on adherence to the recommendations provided. This study aimed to identify predictors of clients' adherence to nursing recommendations after attending a community‐based nurse‐led cognitive assessment service in Hong Kong.MethodsA cross‐sectional design was adopted. We analysed a dataset routinely collected from clients attending the services between January 2012 and January 2018. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors (demographics, functional health status and cognitive performance) of the clients' adherence. Their satisfaction with the services was also examined.ResultsTwo hundred and twenty‐three clients attended the clinic. Of the 133 who completed the telephone follow‐up at the 6 months postconsultation, 44.1% did not adhere to the recommendations. Clients with a higher Clinical Dementia Rating (OR = 4.17), lower Clock Drawing Test score (OR = 1.13) and lower education level (OR = 0.91) were found to be less likely to adhere to the nursing recommendations. Ninety‐six percent (190/198) were satisfied with the overall services.ConclusionCognitive assessment services in nurse‐led clinics could provide a self‐referred service for older people with cognitive complaints. However, low adherence to nursing recommendations was found among clients with poorer cognitive functions and lower education levels.
The effects of the instrumental reminiscence therapy based on Roy's adaptation model on adaptation, life satisfaction and happiness in older people: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Aydogdu Ozlem , Tastan Sevinc , Kublay Gulumser 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThis trial aimed to evaluate the effects of instrumental reminiscence therapy based on Roy's adaptation model on adaptation, life satisfaction and happiness in older people.BackgroundReminiscence therapy is one of the nursing interventions that facilitates the adaptation of older people to the process of ageing.DesignThe study utilized a pretest–posttest randomized controlled trial design.MethodsThis study was conducted at two nursing homes in Northern Cyprus between April and June 2021. The trial comprised 34 participants. A descriptive information form, the Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly, Life Satisfaction Index A and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire—Short Form were used for data collection.ResultsMean posttest scores obtained by the intervention group from the Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly, Life Satisfaction Index A and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire—Short Form were significantly higher than their pretest scores (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the mean scores obtained by the intervention and control groups from the Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly, Life Satisfaction Index A and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire—Short Form (P < 0.05).ConclusionInstrumental reminiscence therapy based on Roy's adaptation model increased the levels of adaptation, life satisfaction and happiness in older people. Therefore, instrumental reminiscence therapy might be applied, integrated with the Roy's adaptation model.
Genome‐wide scan for selective sweeps identifies novel loci associated with resistance to mastitis in German Holstein cattle
Authors: Abbasi‐Moshaii Bita , Moradi Mohammad Hossein , Yin Tong , Rahimi‐Mianji Ghodratollah , Nejati‐Javaremi Ardeshir , König Sven 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDomestication and selection significantly changed phenotypic and behavioural traits in modern domestic animals. In this study, to identify the genomic regions associated with mastitis, genomic data of German Holstein dairy cattle were analysed. The samples were genotyped using the Bovine 50 K SNP chip. For each defined healthy and sick group, 133 samples from 13,276 genotyped dairy cows were selected based on mastitis random residual effects. Grouping was done to infer selection signatures based on XP‐EHH statistic. The results revealed that for the top 0.01 percentile of the obtained XP‐EHH values, five genomic regions on chromosomes 8, 11, 12, 14 and 26 of the control group, and four regions on chromosomes 3, 4 (two regions) and 22 of the case group, have been under selection. Also, consideration of the top 0.1 percentile of the XP‐EHH values, clarified 21 and 15 selective sweeps in the control and case group, respectively. This study identified some genomic regions containing potential candidate genes associated with resistance and susceptibility to mastitis, immune system and inflammation, milk traits, udder morphology and different types of cancers. In addition, these regions overlap with some quantitative trait loci linked to clinical mastitis, immunoglobulin levels, somatic cell score, udder traits, milk fat and protein, milk yield, milking speed and veterinary treatments. It is noteworthy that we found two regions in the healthy group (on chromosomes 12 and 14) with strong signals, which were not described previously. It is likely that future research could link these identified genomic regions to mastitis. The results of the current study contribute to the identification of causal mutations, genomic regions and genes affecting mastitis incidence in dairy cows.
Diversity of sex chromosomes in Sulawesian medaka fishes
Authors: Ansai Satoshi , Montenegro Javier , Masengi Kawilarang W. A. , Nagano Atsushi J. , Yamahira Kazunori , Kitano Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecent genetic and genomic studies have revealed tremendous diversity in sex chromosomes across diverse taxa. Closely related species with different sex chromosomes provide us excellent opportunities to investigate the driving forces and the consequences of sex chromosome turnover. In the present study, we investigated the diversity of sex chromosomes of 13 Oryzias species from Sulawesi, Indonesia, which diversified during the last 4.86 million years. Using pooled sequencing, we found sex chromosomes in nine species that all had XY systems, with a species being possibly modified by multiple loci. Seven species (O. woworae, O. asinua, O. wolasi, O. matanensis, O. celebensis, O. hadiatyae, and O. dopingdopingensis) share linkage group (LG) 24 as sex chromosomes; however, they differed in the length and magnitude of sequence divergence between the X and Y chromosomes. The sex chromosome of O. eversi was LG4, which has not been reported as a sex chromosome in any other medaka species. In O. sarasinorum, LG16 and LG22 are associated with sex. Although LG16 was found to be sex‐linked in another medaka species previously examined, the sex‐determining regions did not overlap. No significant signatures for sex chromosomes were identified in the other four species (O. marmoratus, O. nigrimas, O. nebulosus, and O. orthognathus). Frequent turnovers and the great diversity of the sex chromosomes will make Sulawesian medaka species a model system for investigating the driving forces and consequences of sex chromosome turnover.
Situating stigma: Accounting for deviancy, difference and categorial relations
Authors: Smith Robin James , Atkinson Paul , Evans Rhiannon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article returns to Goffman's early formulations of ‘stigma’ in outlining a critique of contemporary social scientific uses and abuses of the concept. We argue that whilst Goffman's discussion of stigma is not without its troubles, it has mostly been approached in a manner that treats the concept outside of an appreciation of stigma as a phenomenon of interaction order. More specifically, we discuss and demonstrate how stigma serves an analytic gloss for social relations observable in social settings and in accounts of difference, deviance and degradation. We analyse both social scientific and lay uses of the stigma concept in relation to care‐experienced young children and self‐harm to demonstrate the shared categorisational practices and logics that are often obscured through theoretical treatments of stigma. The recommendation is, then, that an attention to ‘stigma’ in care settings must begin with the conditions in and from which stigma might come to feature as a sense‐making device for all parties.
Three‐dimensional architecture of human medial gastrocnemius fascicles in vivo: Regional variation and its dependence on muscle size
Authors: Takahashi Katsuki , Shiotani Hiroto , Evangelidis Pavlos E. , Sado Natsuki , Kawakami Yasuo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFascicle architecture (length and pennation angle) can vary regionally within a muscle. The architectural variability in human muscles has been evaluated in vivo, but the interindividual variation and its determinants remain unclear. Considering that within‐muscle non‐uniform changes in pennation angle are associated with change in muscle size by chronic mechanical loading, we hypothesized that the regional variation in fascicle architecture is dependent on interindividual variation in muscle size. To test this hypothesis, we reconstructed fascicles three‐dimensionally along and across the whole medial gastrocnemius in the right lower leg of 15 healthy adults (10 males and 5 females, 23.7 ± 3.3 years, 165.8 ± 8.3 cm, 61.9 ± 11.4 kg, mean ± standard deviation) in neutral ankle joint position with the knee fully extended, using magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging and tractography. The 3D‐reconstructed fascicles arose from the deep aponeurosis with variable lengths and angles both in sagittal and coronal planes. The fascicle length was significantly longer in the middle (middle‐medial: 52.4 ± 6.1 mm, middle‐lateral: 52.0 ± 5.1 mm) compared to distal regions (distal‐medial: 41.0 ± 5.0 mm, distal‐lateral: 38.9 ± 3.6 mm, p < 0.001). The 2D pennation angle (angle relative to muscle surface) was significantly greater in distal than middle regions, and medial than lateral regions (middle‐medial: 26.6 ± 3.1°, middle‐lateral: 24.1 ± 2.3°, distal‐medial: 31.2 ± 3.6°, distal‐lateral: 29.2 ± 3.0°, p ≤ 0.017), while only a proximo‐distal difference was significant (p < 0.001) for 3D pennation angle (angle relative to line of action of muscle). These results clearly indicate fascicle's architectural variation in 3D. The magnitude of regional variation evaluated as standard deviation across regions differed considerably among individuals (4.0–10.7 mm for fascicle length, 0.9–5.0° for 2D pennation angle, and 3.0–8.8° for 3D pennation angle), which was positively correlated with the muscle volume normalized to body mass (r = 0.659–0.828, p ≤ 0.008). These findings indicate muscle‐size dependence of the variability of fascicle architecture.
Differences in evidence‐based nursing practice competencies of clinical and academic nurses in China and opportunities for complementary collaborations: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Chen Qirong , Halili Xirongguli , Castro Aimee R. , Zhao Junqiang , Chen Wenjun , Li Zeen , Tang Siyuan , Wang Honghong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore the evidence‐based nursing practice (EBNP) competencies of clinical and academic nurses and their collaboration needs for supporting EBNP.BackgroundAcademic‐practice partnerships have strong potential to overcome the key barriers to EBNP. However, there is little known about the collaboration needs of clinical and academic nurses for EBNP.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsWe recruited clinical and academic nurses online during November 2021 to January 2022. Using a reliable and validated scale and adapted questionnaires, data were collected relating to demographic information, EBNP‐related resources availability, EBNP competencies and EBNP collaboration needs. These data were described using descriptive statistical methods. The t test, χ2 test and Mann–Whitney U test were used to evaluate if the different responses between clinical and academic nurses were statistically significant. This study was reported following the STROBET checklist.ResultsTwo 240 clinical nurses and 232 academic nurses submitted questionnaires. There was no difference in overall EBNP competence between clinical and academic nurses. However, clinical nurses reported lower levels of competence and stronger intentions to collaborate with academic nurses when searching for, appraising, and synthesising evidence. Academic nurses reported lower levels of competence and stronger intentions to collaborate with clinical nurses for disseminating and implementing evidence.ConclusionClinical and academic nurses both reported high needs for collaborating to overcome their perceived role limitations. Clinical and academic nurses have different strengths and limitations in EBNP. These role differences and intentions to collaborate for different dimensions of EBNP competence suggest that clinical and academic nursing roles could be complementary to each other, offering opportunities for synergistic collaborations to better support overall EBNP.Relevance to clinical practiceHealthcare and academic institutions should promote academic‐practice partnerships as opportunities to gain complementary expertise on different dimensions of EBNP, and to improve nurses' competencies and confidence in EBNP overall.
Effects of three endotracheal tube cuff pressure control measures on microaspiration of gastric content: Study protocol for randomised controlled trial
Authors: Er Özlem Soyer , Van Giersbergen Meryem Yavuz , Çelik Sefa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimTo analyse the effect of endotracheal tube cuff pressure control measures on the microaspiration of the stomach contents by measuring at the level of pepsin in deep tracheal aspiration.DesignA single‐blind, randomised controlled trial.MethodsThis trial protocol was reported using the SPIRIT checklist. Endotracheal tube cuff pressure control will be provided with pilot balloon finger palpation, intermittent and continuous. The pepsin level will be measured during deep tracheal secretions in order to assess the effect of different endotracheal tube cuff pressure control measures on the microaspiration of the stomach contents. The samples will be examined within the first 4 h, between the 5th and 24th hours, and between the 25th and 48th hours after intubation. The level of pepsin will be considered positive according to the cut‐off value. In addition, the effect of different endotracheal tube cuff pressure controls on the incidence of ventilator‐associated pneumonia will be examined. In study group 1, study group 2 and the control group, the number of patients is planned to be 56.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, Number NCT04061083. Registered in 2019.DiscussionThe findings will show the effect of different endotracheal tube cuff pressure control methods on microaspiration of stomach content and the possible changes in pepsin level in deep tracheal aspirates.ConclusionThis study will shed light on future studies regarding pepsin level as a biomarker in treatment and follow‐up patients receiving mechanical ventilator support using an ETT and emphasise the importance of multidisciplinary studies.Relevance to clinical practiceAs a result of the findings to be obtained from this study, the effect of endotracheal tube cuff pressure control on gastric content microaspiration and ventilator‐associated pneumonia will be determined and the most appropriate endotracheal tube cuff pressure control method will be identified to prevent it. Nurses' awareness of endotracheal tube cuff pressure measurement methods will be increased. The frequency and methods of endotracheal tube cuff pressure control will provide strong evidence that can be included in the ventilator‐associated pneumonia prevention care bundle.
Common Ownership Does Not Have Anticompetitive Effects in the Airline Industry
Authors: DENNIS PATRICK , GERARDI KRISTOPHER , SCHENONE CAROLA 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTInstitutions often own equity in multiple firms that compete in the same product market. Prior research has shown that these institutional “common owners” induce anticompetitive pricing behavior in the airline industry. This paper reevaluates this evidence and shows that the documented positive correlation between common ownership and airline ticket prices stems from the market share component of the common ownership measure, and not the ownership and control components. We further show that the results are sensitive to measures of investor control and to assumptions about equity holders' ownership and control during bankruptcy.
Approach to initial management of canine generalised epileptic seizures in primary‐care veterinary practices in the United Kingdom
Authors: James M. , Lowrie M. , Singleton D. , Garosi L. , McConnell K. 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate how primary care clinicians in the UK approach initial management of canine generalised epileptic seizures, including factors potentially associated with prescription and choice of anti‐seizure drugs.Materials and MethodsElectronic health records concerning 3,150,713 consultations (917,373 dogs) were collected from 224 veterinary practices by the Small Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network. Free‐text clinical narratives were reviewed to identify those consistent with generalised epileptic seizure activity, including only those recording the first presentation for seizures. Dogs older than 6 years were excluded.ResultsFive hundred and seventeen cases were included. Sixty‐seven dogs (13.0%) received anti‐seizure drugs at first presentation; this was significantly more likely in dogs presented with cluster seizures (odds ratio 13.8, 95% confidence interval 7.3 to 26.1). Phenobarbital (n=36) and imepitoin (n=29) were the most frequently chosen anti‐seizure drugs. Presentation for a single epileptic seizure occurred in 321 dogs; seven were prescribed anti‐seizure drugs. Eighty‐six dogs were presented with cluster seizures; 38 were prescribed anti‐seizure drugs, most frequently imepitoin (n= 19) and phenobarbital (n=17). Of the dogs presenting with a single seizure and at least 6‐month follow‐up (n=165), 33 (20%) did not have subsequent seizures recorded.Clinical SignificancePrimary care clinicians rarely prescribed anti‐seizure drugs following a single epileptic seizure in accordance with International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force recommendations. Less than half of dogs initially presenting with cluster seizures were prescribed anti‐seizure drugs. Imepitoin was frequently selected in the treatment of cluster seizures despite no authorisation for this purpose. These findings may ultimately contribute to improved cohesion in the management of canine epileptic seizures between primary care and referral institutions.
Association between insomnia severity and presenteeism among Japanese daytime workers
Authors: Takano Yuta , Ibata Rui , Nakano Norihito , Sakano Yuji 
Published: August 2022

SummaryPresenteeism is the loss of productivity due to a worker's health problems, despite the worker being present at the workplace. Although the association between presenteeism and insomnia complaints is well known, few studies have examined the association between insomnia severity and presenteeism. This study aimed to explore the association between insomnia severity and presenteeism. This study included 1925 participants (1543 males, 379 females, and three of other genders) in total. The mean age of the participants was 49.94 ± 9.82 years. The inclusion criteria were full‐time employment, working 8 hr per day and 5 days per week, and having no night shifts. The insomnia severity was classified based on the Insomnia Severity Index and Athens Insomnia Scale criteria. Logistic regression analysis showed that moderate and severe insomnia severity were associated to a greater magnitude with presenteeism than mild insomnia severity. Severe insomnia severity was associated to a greater magnitude with presenteeism than moderate insomnia severity. In summary, logistic regression analysis showed that increased insomnia severity based on Insomnia Severity Index classification was associated with increased odds of presenteeism, but increased insomnia severity based on Athens Insomnia Scale classification was not fully consistent with increased odds of presenteeism. Because increased insomnia severity is associated with worsening of presenteeism, early detection of and early intervention against insomnia complaints are important for reducing presenteeism. This study was the first to examine the associations between presenteeism and insomnia severity classification of no insomnia, mild, moderate, and severe insomnia severity.
Is pain associated with subsequent job loss? A panel study for Germany
Authors: Piper Alan , Blanchflower David G. , Bryson Alex 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe cross‐sectional association between pain and unemployment is well‐established. But the absence of panel data containing information on pain and labor market status has meant that less is known about the direction of any causal linkage. Those longitudinal studies that do examine the link between pain and subsequent labor market transitions suggest results are sensitive to the measurement of pain and model specification. We contribute to this literature using large‐scale panel data from the German Socio‐Economic Panel (GSOEP) for the period 2002 to 2018. We show that workers suffering pain are more likely than others to leave their job for unemployment or economic inactivity. This probability rises with the frequency of the pain suffered in the previous month. The effect persists having accounted for fixed unobserved differences across workers, is apparent among those who otherwise report good general health and is robust to the inclusion of controls for mental health, life satisfaction and the employee's occupation.