bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence ‘off–on’ probe for lead (II) detection based on Atractylodes III CQDs and bioimaging
Authors: Zhang Yaqing , Cheng Sijie , Wang Xin , Wang Yingte , Zhang Yong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work, a type of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with bright blue emission was readily fabricated through one‐step hydrothermal treatment from Atractylodes III. We explored the surface morphology and optical properties of the CQDs using transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction patterns, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet–visible light spectrophotometry. The obtained CQDs possessed good photoluminescence properties, water solubility, and biocompatibility. The fluorescence quantum yield of these was 3.72%. It was found that the fluorescence intensity of CQDs was quenched by picric acid. After adding lead (II), the fluorescence could be effectively recovered. Therefore, an ‘off–on’ fluorescence probe was designed to detect lead (II) in the range 0–580 μM and the limit of detection was 0.068 μM. In addition, the experiments showed that the CQDs could be successfully used in bioimaging and as a hidden fluorescent ink.
Unveiling the phantom: What neuroimaging has taught us about phantom limb pain
Authors: Browne Jonathan D. , Fraiser Ryan , Cai Yi , Leung Dillon , Leung Albert , Vaninetti Michael 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPhantom limb pain (PLP) is a complicated condition with diverse clinical challenges. It consists of pain perception of a previously amputated limb. The exact pain mechanism is disputed and includes mechanisms involving cerebral, peripheral, and spinal origins. Such controversy limits researchers’ and clinicians’ ability to develop consistent therapeutics or management. Neuroimaging is an essential tool that can address this problem. This review explores diffusion tensor imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, and magnetoencephalography in the context of PLP. These imaging modalities have distinct mechanisms, implications, applications, and limitations. Diffusion tensor imaging can outline structural changes and has surgical applications. Functional magnetic resonance imaging captures functional changes with spatial resolution and has therapeutic applications. Electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography can identify functional changes with a strong temporal resolution. Each imaging technique provides a unique perspective and they can be used in concert to reveal the true nature of PLP. Furthermore, researchers can utilize the respective strengths of each neuroimaging technique to support the development of innovative therapies. PLP exemplifies how neuroimaging and clinical management are intricately connected. This review can assist clinicians and researchers seeking a foundation for applications and understanding the limitations of neuroimaging techniques in the context of PLP.
Legitimizing unsustainable practices: The institutional logics of pro‐pesticide organizations
Authors: Boiral Olivier , Brotherton Marie‐Christine , Talbot David , Guillaumie Laurence 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study is to analyze the institutional logics underlying pesticide use and the resistance displayed by organizations in this sector against social pressures to reduce the use of these substances. This in‐depth study of a public hearing on pesticides set up by the National Assembly of Quebec (Canada) in 2019 shows the often very strong positions held by the relevant stakeholders and how they legitimize their positions. The qualitative content analysis of 77 briefs and 30 testimonies highlights five main institutional logics that contribute to the institutionalization of pesticide use despite the strong opposition it generates: the economic and strategic logic, the regulatory and administrative logic, the tailored advice and support logic, the research and innovation logic, and the traditional, rural and pragmatic logic. These logics show how the objectives, belief systems, and practices shared by pro‐pesticide organizations can hold sway, including over public bodies that are a priori independent but tend to play a buffering and facilitating role in the use of these controversial products. This article contributes to the literature on institutional logics and corporate sustainability by showing how some of these logics can contribute to the continuation of unsustainable practices over time. The article also contributes to the often highly technical literature on the use and impacts of pesticides by proposing an institutional approach that provides an overall picture of the positions of several interdependent organizations and how their underlying belief systems influence practices. Practical implications and avenues for future research are also discussed.
Standardized statement for the ethical use of human cadaveric tissues in anatomy research papers: Recommendations from Anatomical JournalEditors‐in‐Chief
Authors: Iwanaga Joe , Singh Vishram , Takeda Sén , Ogeng'o Julius , Kim Hee‐Jin , Moryś Janusz , Ravi Kumar Satish , Ribatti Domenico , Trainor Paul A. , Sañudo José Ramón , Apaydin Nihal , Sharma Anu , Smith Heather F. , Walocha Jerzy A. , Hegazy Ahmed M. S. , Duparc Fabrice , Paulsen Friedrich , Del Sol Mariano , Adds Philip , Louryan Stephane , Fazan Valéria Paula Sassoli , Boddeti R. K. , Tubbs R. Shane 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHuman cadaveric donors are essential for research in the anatomical sciences. However, many research papers in the anatomical sciences often omit a statement regarding the ethical use of the donor cadavers or, as no current standardized versions exist, use language that is extremely varied. To rectify this issue, 22 editors‐in‐chief of anatomical journals, representing 17 different countries, developed standardized and simplified language that can be used by authors of studies that use human cadaveric tissues. The goal of these editor recommendations is to standardize the writing approach by which the ethical use of cadaveric donors is acknowledged in anatomical studies that use donor human cadavers. Such sections in anatomical papers will help elevate our discipline and promote standardized language use in others non anatomy journals and also other media outlets that use cadaveric tissues.
Two New Cerebroside Metabolites from the Marine Fungus Hortaea werneckii
Authors: Chen Yung‐Husan , Wu Xiuna , Xu Li , El‐Shazly Mohamed , Ma Chuwen , Yuan Shijie , Wang Panpan , Luo Lianzhong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTwo new cerebroside metabolites were isolated from the fermented sponge‐derived fungus extract of Hortaea werneckii. They were hortacerebroside A (1) ((2R,3E)‐N‐[(2S,3R,4E,8E)‐1‐(β‐D‐glucopyranosyloxy)‐3‐hydroxy‐9‐methylhenicosa‐4,8‐dien‐2‐yl]‐2‐hydroxypentadec‐3‐enamide) and hortacerebroside B (2) ((2R)‐N‐[(2S,3R,4E,8E)‐1‐(β‐D‐glucopyranosyloxy)‐3‐hydroxy‐9‐methylhenicosa‐4,8‐dien‐2‐yl]‐2‐hydroxypentadecanamide). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and by comparison of the spectroscopic data with those of related cerebroside analogs. These two compounds showed significant inhibitory effect on NO produced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The IC50 values of hortacerebroside A (1) and hortacerebroside B (2) were 7 and 5 μM, respectively. These results suggested the potential application of these cerebrosides as drug leads targeting inflammatory‐related disorders.
Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Carbazole‐Derived Photocages
Authors: Wang Zhipeng , Martin Stephen F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report the design, synthesis and evaluation of two novel photocages, NCARB and isoNCARB, belonging to the o‐nitrobenzyl chemotype and based on the carbazole ring system. The synthesis of each of these isomeric caging molecules was achieved in five steps and in 29 % overall yield, and their photochemical properties were evaluated using benzoic acid as a model for caging. In the event, upon irradiation at 400 nm for 60 min, 82 % and 42 % of benzoic acid was freed from the NCARB and isoNCARB photocages, respectively, whereas only 22 % was released from the nitrodibenzofuran (NDBF) cage. Moreover, the photochemical decaging efficiencies, ϵΦ, of the benzoates photocaged with NCARB and isoNCARB are about 150‐ and 20‐fold better, respectively, at 400 nm than the corresponding caged benzoate derived from NDBF. The water solubility of molecules caged with nitrocarbazole analogs was improved by N‐alkylation of NCARB, the better of the two new photocages, with an aminodicarboxylate group. This modified cage, NCARB‐DA, was exploited in the design of a caged fluoroquinolone antibiotic, the efficacy of which was illustrated in a bacterial growth inhibition assay, and a phenol‐caged tyrosine derivative.
S‐(Trifluoromethyl)Benzothioate (TFBT): A KF‐Based Reagent for Nucleophilic Trifluoromethylthiolation
Authors: Meng Depei , Lyu Yichong , Ni Chuanfa , Zhou Min , Li Yang , Hu Jinbo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is Jinbo Hu and co‐workers at Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry and Chongqing University. The image depicts TFBT (S‐(trifluoromethyl) benzothioate), which is easily synthesized using KF, as an inexpensive, bench‐stable and user‐friendly trifluoromethylthiolation reagent. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202104395.
H/F Substitution Induced Large Increase of Tc in a 3D Hybrid Rare‐Earth Double Perovskite Multifunctional Compound
Authors: Xu Qi , Ye Le , Liao Rong‐Meng , An Zhen , Wang Chang‐Feng , Miao Le‐Ping , Shi Chao , Ye Heng‐Yun , Zhang Yi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Le‐Ping Miao, Chao Shi, Yi Zhang and co‐workers at Jiangxi University of Science and Technology. The image depicts the structure diagrams of the 3D hybrid rare‐earth double perovskite compounds. The phase transition temperatures of the two compounds were indicated by the “ice and fire”, respectively. It implies the increase of the phase transition temperature of the compounds. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202103913.
A Universal DNA Aptamer that Recognizes Spike Proteins of Diverse SARS‐CoV‐2 Variants of Concern
Authors: Zhang Zijie , Li Jiuxing , Gu Jimmy , Amini Ryan , Stacey Hannah D. , Ang Jann C. , White Dawn , Filipe Carlos D. M. , Mossman Karen , Miller Matthew S. , Salena Bruno J. , Yamamura Deborah , Sen Payel , Soleymani Leyla , Brennan John D. , Li Yingfu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are John Brennan, Yingfu Li, and co‐workers at McMaster University. The image depicts MSA52 as a universal DNA aptamer that recognizes spike proteins of diverse SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202200078.
Water Remediation from Pollutant Agents by the Use of an Environmentally Friendly Supramolecular Hydrogel
Authors: Giuri Demetra , D'Agostino Simone , Ravarino Paolo , Faccio Davide , Falini Giuseppe , Tomasini Claudia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe removal of Diclofenac sodium from waste waters has a high relevance since it belongs to the therapeutic group most commonly found in wastes. An aromatic‐free and low‐impact technology that efficiently entraps aqueous pollutants is highly desirable. We synthesised two Boc‐protected and aromatic‐free tripeptides (Boc‐L‐Ala‐Aib‐L‐Val‐OH and Boc‐L‐Val‐Aib‐L‐Val‐OH) and studied their ability to form gels with mixtures of water and alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol and 2‐propanol. Boc‐L‐Ala‐Aib‐L‐Val‐OH forms a strong hydrogel in 2‐propanol/water mixtures able to trap up to 97.8% of Eosin Y model molecule and up to 92.0% of Diclofenac sodium from aqueous solutions. The hydrogel is also thixotropic, thermoreversible and biocompatible. This outcome is very encouraging and paves the way to a new approach for developing new materials using aromatic‐free hydrogels, useful for water remediation.
The role of attachment and dissociation in the relationship between childhood interpersonal trauma and negative symptoms in psychosis
Authors: Degnan Amy , Berry Katherine , Humphrey Charlotte , Bucci Sandra 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNegative symptoms have an adverse impact on quality of life and functioning in psychosis. Service users with psychosis have identified negative symptoms as a priority for their recovery. Despite this, there is a lack of effective and targeted psychological interventions for negative symptoms and their underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Childhood trauma is a robust risk factor for positive symptoms in psychosis, but the association with negative symptoms is less well established. Our aim was to examine the association between childhood interpersonal trauma and negative symptoms and the psychological mediators of this relationship. Two hundred and forty participants experiencing psychosis completed validated self‐report measures of childhood trauma, attachment, dissociation, compartmentalization, and symptoms. Mediation analyses showed that disorganized attachment and dissociative experiences mediated the association between childhood trauma and negative symptoms, when analysed individually and in a combined model. Models adjusted for age and positive and depressive symptoms. Avoidant attachment and compartmentalization were independently associated with negative symptoms but not childhood trauma and thus were not significant mediators. Childhood trauma was not independently associated with negative symptoms. This paper is the first to present empirical data to support a model implicating attachment and dissociation as important psychological processes in the link between childhood trauma and negative symptoms. These exploratory findings suggest that it may be beneficial to consider these relationships in trauma‐informed formulations and interventions. Further longitudinal research is required to establish causality and test theoretical models of mechanisms in the pathway to negative symptoms.
Efficacy of intralesional injections of platelet‐rich plasma in patients with oral lichen planus: A pilot randomized clinical trial
Authors: Hijazi AbdelHameed , Ahmed Wesam , Gaafar Soheir 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of intralesional platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) injections compared to intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injections in the treatment of erosive oral lichen planus (EOLP).Material and MethodsTwenty patients with EOLP were assigned randomly to either PRP or TA group. Patients received weekly intralesional injections for 4 weeks, and then followed up for 3 months on regular visits every 2 weeks. Pain scores using numerical pain score and clinical score were recorded by a blinded assessor each visit for all patients and remission score at the end of the trial was recorded.ResultsBoth groups showed significant improvement in the clinical parameters (pain and clinical score) “p = .001.” Regarding remission of the lesions, 80% of patients in the PRP group showed complete remission compared to 70% in the TA group. However, there is no statistical significance when comparing the two groups in pain score, clinical score, or remission.ConclusionsPRP injections could be considered as an effective alternative single treatment modality for EOLP. The protocol for this study registered in Clinicaltrials.gov registry under the identifier number: NCT03293368.
Synchronous pulmonary adenocarcinoma and primary leptomeningeal large B‐cell lymphoma—Diagnostic challenge in cerebrospinal fluid: A brief report
Authors: Lai Chun‐Liang , Hung Chung‐Lin , Huang Chieh‐Chi , Lin Chih‐Wen , Tseng Chih‐En 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLung cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. During or after the treatment of lung cancer, patients might develop another malignant neoplasm. To our knowledge, synchronous pulmonary adenocarcinoma and leptomeningeal large B‐cell lymphoma have not been reported in the literature. Herein, we report the first case of synchronous pulmonary adenocarcinoma and primary leptomeningeal lymphoma, which is challenging in cytological diagnosis using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Knowledge of this rare situation by cytopathologists might avoid misdiagnosis or erroneous tumor classification during the cytological diagnosis of CSF in the future.
Evaluating the Ability to Consent to Research: A Twenty‐Year Track Record
Authors: Matera‐Vatnick Mikaela , Todman Katherine W. , Wakim Paul G. , Sullivan Haley K. , Squires Carol , Brintnall‐Karabelas Julie , Doernberg Samuel N. , Danis Marion 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTOccasionally, the ability of prospective research participants to consent may be uncertain. Yet standardized capacity‐assessment tools may not suffice to determine the ability to consent to a particular research protocol. This study consisted of a retrospective review of the outcomes of an alternative approach used by the Ability to Consent Assessment Team at the National Institutes of Health. Of 944 individuals evaluated over 20 years (1999‐2019), 70.1% were determined to have capacity to consent to participate in research. Of those who lacked capacity to consent and were subsequently evaluated for their ability to assign a surrogate, 86.0% had the ability to do so. The findings demonstrate that establishing a task‐specific approach for assessing the capacity of potential participants to consent to a variety of research protocols can facilitate safe and ethically justifiable inclusion of individuals whose ability to consent is initially uncertain.
Institutional Review Board Use of Outside Experts: What Do We Know?
Authors: Serpico Kimberley , Rahimzadeh Vasiliki , Anderson Emily E. , Gelinas Luke , Lynch Holly Fernandez 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTInstitutional review boards (IRBs) are permitted by regulation to seek assistance from outside experts when reviewing research applications that are beyond the scope of expertise represented in their membership. There is insufficient understanding, however, of when, why, and how IRBs consult with outside experts, as this practice has not been the primary focus of any published literature or empirical study to date. These issues have important implications for IRB quality. The capacity IRBs have to fulfill their mission of protecting research participants without unduly hindering research is influenced by IRBs’ access to and use of the right type of expertise to review challenging research ethics, regulatory, and scientific issues. Through a review of the regulations and standards permitting IRBs to draw on the competencies of outside experts and through examination of the needs, strategies, challenges, and concerns related to doing so, we identify critical gaps in the existing literature and set forth an agenda for future empirical research.
Getting the Most out of Consent: Patient‐Centered Consent for an Acute Stroke Trial
Authors: Dickert Neal W. , Metz Kathleen , Deeds S. Iris , Linke Michael J. , Mitchell Andrea R. , Speight Candace D. , Adeoye Opeolu M. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTInformed consent for clinical trials in acute stroke is characterized by challenges related to urgency, cognitive impairment, and geographical separation. Context‐appropriate approaches are needed for this setting. We conducted a mixed‐methods project involving focus groups and interviews as well as collaboration with a patient advisory panel and a central institutional review board (CIRB) to design and implement a patient‐driven consent process for a multicenter trial incorporating adaptive randomization. Remote consent was recognized as challenging but acceptable. Adaptive randomization was viewed positively, but significant potential for misunderstanding was appreciated. Collaboration between the patient advisory panel and the CIRB resulted in a shortened, more patient‐centered consent form that was approved at all sites with few modifications. An information sheet was developed as a resource for patients and surrogates after enrollment. Collaboration between investigators, patient partners, and a CIRB can facilitate innovation and implementation of patient‐centered, context‐appropriate consent strategies.
Screen Printed Carbon Electrodes Modified with 3D Nanostructured Materials for Bioanalysis
Authors: Şen Mustafa , Azizi Ehsan , Avcı İpek , Aykaç Ahmet , Ensarioğlu Kenan , Ok İzel , Yavuz Gülperi Feyza , Güneş Fethullah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHere, the modification of screen‐printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) with 3D nanostructured multi‐walled carbon nanotube‐sponge (MWCNT‐Spng) and graphene foam along with their impact on analytical performance was reported. The bare and modified SPCE electrodes were imaged and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The modified electrodes were tested for electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA) and a significant improvement was observed in terms of both limit of detection (LOD) and sensitivity as compared to bare SPCE. MWCNT‐Spng‐AuNPs/SPCE demonstrated the highest analytical performance for DA. It was also tested for enzyme‐free glucose detection, in which case it demonstrated an LOD of 4.96 μM and a sensitivity of 526 μA/mM⋅cm2, along with a good selectivity for glucose.
Role of porosity and diffusion coefficient in porous electrode used in supercapacitors – Correlating theoretical and experimental studies
Authors: De Puja , Halder Joyanti , Gowda Chinmayee Chowde , Kansal Sakshi , Priya Surbhi , Anshu Satvik , Chowdhury Ananya , Mandal Debabrata , Biswas Sudipta , Dubey Brajesh Kumar , Chandra Amreesh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPorous electrodes are fast emerging as essential components for next‐generation supercapacitors. Using porous structures of Co3O4, Mn3O4, α‐Fe2O3, and carbon, their advantages over the solid counterpart is unequivocally established. The improved performance in porous architecture is linked to the enhanced active specific surface and direct channels leading to improved electrolyte interaction with the redox‐active sites. A theoretical model utilizing Fick's law is proposed, that can consistently explain the experimental data. The porous structures exhibit ∼50%–80% increment in specific capacitance, along with high rate capabilities and excellent cycling stability due to the higher diffusion coefficients.
Energy and exergy analysis of a trapezoidal absorber plate‐based solar air collector
Authors: Reddy Jagannath , Jagadish  , Negi Sushant , Das Biplab , Ali Ehyaei Mehdi , Assad Mamdouh El Haj 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study presents energy and exergy characteristics of solar air collectors (SACs) having two different absorber plates, namely flat (Model‐I) and trapezoidal (Model‐II) plates. Experiments were conducted at different tilt angles of 15º, 30º, and 45º and varying mass flow rates (MFR) from 0.0039 kg/s to 0.0156 kg/s in an open environment. Results indicated that with an increment in MFR, the outlet temperature decreases while the heat extraction rate improves. Quantitatively, increasing MFR threefold improves thermal efficiency by 60% and reduces exergy efficiency by 39%. Furthermore, its efficiency increased by 38%–66% when the inclination angle is increased from 15º to 45º. The energy and exergy efficiencies of Model‐II were increased by 8.5% and 8.4%, respectively, more than that of Model‐I. Results indicated that the trapezoidal plate‐based collector offers better heat extraction characteristics and performs better in terms of energy, exergy, effective efficiency, and temperature rise than its flat counterpart.