bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Political Participation in a Globalized World
Authors: della Porta Donatella , Portos Martín 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
ABSTRACT: Since the beginning of the Millennium, attention to globalization as well as transnational forms of political participation has grown. Economic globalization has been a main target for progressive social movements, which have held it responsible for changing material conditions, labor market dynamics, and increasing inequalities within and across nations. Cultural globalization has been instead targeted by regressive organizations that have mostly addressed the issue of migration. While some collective action frames have spread across countries, the forms and paths of internationalization of mobilizations have varied in time and for different actors, developing through paths of domestication, externalization, and transnationalization.
Psychology and Political Participation
Authors: Duncan Lauren E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses on what psychology as a field brings to the understanding of three types of political participation: (1) voting and other types of conventional political participation, (2) volunteering, and (3) collective protest behavior. The research is organized in a framework that reviews the psychological mediators of the relationships between political participation and individual differences in personality and life experiences. By considering these separate literatures in the same chapter using the same framework, it is possible to identify the variables that are both common and unique to each tradition and recognize new potential research directions in each domain. Specifically, the voting and conventional political participation literature lacks a consideration of politicized identities and life experience variables, the volunteering literature lacks a consideration of individual difference variables and moderators, and the collective protest literature lacks a consideration of other potential psychological mediators of relationships between individual difference variables and activism.
Young Women, Gender, and the Future of Political Participation
Authors: Bessant Judith 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Historically, girls and young women have been excluded from political activity. Yet in 2018 they began engaging politically in large numbers globally. How can we explain this and the leadership roles so many now play? After describing what has been happening, I consider whether there are gender elements operating. Has the growing awareness of gender inequity and sexual violence signified, for example, by the MeToo movement encouraged some young women’s political engagement? There is, however, no strong evidence that concern about global warming matters more. Other factors like the “participatory condition” enabled by new technologies and recruitment practices, along with the “homophily” principle, novel role modeling, and a politics of solidarity, also help explain why so many girls and young women are now building new collectives, and creating new social imaginaries. All this signals something exceptional is taking place and changing how politics is conceptualized and practiced.
James and Math
Authors: Bordogna Francesca 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the last thirty years of his life, William James reflected periodically on two questions concerning infinite totalities: is the notion of an infinite totality logically contradictory? And, if not, are infinite totalities endowed with “extra-logical,” “extra-mathematical” existence? As he addressed these questions, James drew a distinction between two kinds of infinities: “growing infinities,” such as the infinite series of the natural numbers 1, 2, …, n, …, and “standing infinities,” as would be the stars under the assumption that infinitely many stars exist. He rejected as self-contradictory the notion that a growing infinite could constitute or be viewed as a totality. James never called into question, either logically or factually, the possibility of the existence of infinitely many things (e.g., the infinitely many stars), provided those things did not constitute (or are not viewed or experienced by some knower as) a totality. Because of his methodological commitment to human experience, which for James was finite, he banned (standing) infinite totalities from his pluralistic universe. In addition to explaining how James reached these conclusions, this chapter also argues that James’s engagement with questions concerning infinite totalities played a major role in shaping his understanding of his colleague Josiah Royce’s conception of the Absolute, which Royce had mathematized as an actually infinite totality, and, as a result, helped him develop in new ways his own pluralistic metaphysics.
William James and Renouvier’s Neo-Kantianism
Authors: Girel Mathias 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this chapter, while acknowledging an important and famous early influence of Renouvier on James’s notions of belief and free will, the author documents a major and growing disagreement in their exchanges. The author argues that this disagreement is by no means a peripheral matter, since it involves James’s assessment of Renouvier’s neo-Kantianism. After having presented the core of Renouvier’s main influence in the section “Free Will’s Champion, Kantian Style,” the author gives a brief survey of James’s presence in the Critique Philosophique in the section “James’s Contributions,” and deals, in the following sections, with James’s early criticisms of Renouvier on philosophical method (the section “Methods and Categories”), on the perception of space and time (the section ”Unbounded Spaces”) and on consciousness (the section ”The Stream of Thought”). In order to accomplish this, the author focuses on a more limited period than James’ career as a whole: the author follows him from the early writings to the mid-1880s—that is, precisely to the point where James and Renouvier’s philosophical itineraries begin to diverge. The author’s larger goal is to illustrate how the Critique Philosophique was at first a hospitable publication for the young James, but also how, from the end of this period on, important disputes emerged, in particular over consciousness, which gave rise to a paradoxical situation: the very organ that contributed to make James known turned out to be at odds with several of his most important theses, before the publication of the Principles, and even more before Pragmatism.
James’s and Dewey’s Radical Rationalism
Authors: Burke F. Thomas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
James and Dewey are often compared and contrasted as pragmatists. They may also be compared and contrasted as radical empiricists. Dewey adapted James’s radical empiricism in new and interesting ways. Dewey’s so-called immediate empiricism integrated James’s realistic empiricism and Peirce’s empirical realism into his own unique post-Hegelian Chicago-functionalist view of experience. This chapter argues that Dewey also promoted a kind of radical rationalism that rounds out and is even implicit in James’s insights regarding the shortcomings of modern epistemology. James’s radical empiricism is encapsulated in a Postulate-Fact-Conclusion formula that he presented in several venues. This chapter presents a parallel Postulate-Fact-Conclusion encapsulation of radical rationalism.
James’s Revolutionary Theory of Emotions
Authors: Pott Heleen J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
James’s claim that emotion is a feeling of bodily changes has provoked more questions than answers; what exactly he meant is a matter of ongoing debate. This chapter examines three interpretations of James’s theory that are popular today: first, the standard view, also known as the James-Lange theory; second, the view of James as a forerunner of basic emotions theory (BET); and third, the reading of his work in terms of a phenomenology of the feeling body. The chapter argues that all three interpretations address significant aspects of James’s approach, but do not see how James’s writings on emotion fit into the broader framework of his new psychology of consciousness and self. James’s actual view of emotion can stand up to the criticisms of the last hundred years and serve as a source of inspiration for current and future emotion research.
Learning to be an Expert
Authors: Dinsmore Daniel L. , Dumas Denis G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This handbook chapter provides an introduction to the expertise literature, overviews state-of-the-art empirical evidence related to expertise development, and presents a synthetic framework for design and evaluating instruction to build expertise. The 4D framework for developing expertise in classrooms incorporates elements that are: designed to enhance learning and development; domain-specific in scope; include deliberate practices; and, are distributed over time and space. Discussed for each of these four elements are the theoretical and empirical justification for their inclusion in the framework, instructional considerations, and analytic considerations. The synthesis of these four elements can serve as a starting point for a new researcher in the area of expertise or a practitioner looking to develop expertise in their students in the classroom.
Reconfiguring the “Top 20 Principles for PreK–12 Education” by Basing Them in the Dynamics of the Class and Extending Them to Higher Education
Authors: Lucariello Joan , Curby Timothy W. , Anderman Eric M. , Nastasi Bonnie K. , Subotnik Rena F. , Khalid Maha , Michel Rochelle , Tinio Pablo P. L. , Stoner Gary 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To address the gap between the importance of the behavioral sciences to teaching and learning and the diminishing role of such sciences in teacher-leader preparation, the American Psychological Association’s (APA’s) Coalition for Psychology in Schools and Education (CPSE) developed the “Top 20 Principles from Psychology for PreK–12 Teaching and Learning” (2015) as a resource for pre- and in-service teachers. This chapter presents an extended view of the principles in two ways. First, the principles are cast into a new organizational structure that reconceptualizes their application to teaching and learning in five areas. Discussed are how these behavioral science principles are grounded in psychological science theory and research and can be used to (1) empower students to facilitate their own learning, (2) implement teaching as a social-interactive process, (3) understand learning as taking place in situational contexts, (4) identify what teachers need to know about assessment, and (5) articulate how teacher expectations are critical to student learning. Second, their application to education and schooling is now extended to include illustrations of their use in the higher education setting, as well as the K–12 education setting.
Catalyzing Intrinsic and Internalized Motivation
Authors: Vansteenkiste Maarten , Soenens Bart , Waterschoot Joachim 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
According to Self-Determination Theory, intrinsic motivation is a natural growth tendency that fuels students’ learning, development, and well-being. In this chapter, we sketch a developmental model of intrinsic motivation, thereby describing an evolution from fleeting and undifferentiated interests to the gradual unfolding of an enduring, refined, and well-anchored intrinsically motivated identity. To foster such mature forms of intrinsic motivation, learners’ psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness need to be supported on both the short and long run. Yet, because not all learning material and school-related activities are interesting, a critical task for socializing figures is to foster the growth process of internalization, such that learners experience a sense of ownership regarding extrinsically motivated activities. Teachers and school climates that are conducive to learners’ psychological needs promote learners’ endorsement of the learning activity at hand, while also allowing them to ground their functioning on a deeper set of values, commitments, and preferences, which serve as a more stable basis for regulating their day-to-day learning activities. Apart from discussing these growth processes and the energizing role of psychological needs, we review past work which provides insights in the way how teachers can foster learners’ intrinsic motivation and internalization.
Managerial Quality and Productivity Dynamics
Authors: Adhvaryu Achyuta , Nyshadham Anant , Tamayo Jorge 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Do productivity and managerial quality vary within the firm? If so which managerial traits and practices matter most for team productivity? Combining granular garment production data with survey data on managers across 120 production lines in India, we document substantial productivity dispersion both across teams producing overlapping products and within team over the course of production runs, and structurally link this variation to a comprehensive assessment of supervisor quality. We find that factors related to managerial attention and control are the most important for enabling line productivity, both more impactful than traditionally emphasized dimensions like cognitive skills and tenure. We document that one mechanism by which specific managerial practices contribute to productivity is by way of enabling faster learning-by-doing. In-sample pay patterns suggest potential net gains from screening for or training in less readily measured dimensions of managerial quality, as pass-through of productivity contributions to pay is incomplete.
The influence of age on the prevalence of inflammatory and structural MRI lesions in the sacroiliac joints of patients with and without axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Baraliakos Xenofon , Kuehn Anna , Tsiami Styliani , Kiltz Uta , Fruth Martin , Braun Juergen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the influence of age on inflammatory (bone marrow oedema [BME]) and structural (fat lesions [FL], erosions and ankylosis) MRI lesions in the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) of patients with and without axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).MethodsIn a retrospective study, SIJ MRI (STIR/T1 sequences) of consecutive patients with chronic back pain diagnosed with axSpA or non-SpA were evaluated based on SIJ quadrants (SIJ-Q). Two blinded readers evaluated BME and structural lesions. Reader agreement was evaluated for prevalence of MRI lesions related to age.ResultsMRIs of 309 (175 axSpA, 134 non-SpA) patients were evaluated. Their mean age was 38.5 (11.4) and 43.4 (13.8) years, 67% and 36% were male, CRP was 1.6 (2.4) and 1.1 (2.1) mg/dl and median symptom duration was 48 and 60 months for axSpA and non-SpA, respectively. SIJ-Q with BME and erosions were significantly more frequent in axSpA vs non-SpA patients independent of age, while this difference was seen for FL only in patients ≥50 years. The proportion of patients with ≥1 or ≥3 BME or chronic lesions except for FL increased with age in both groups, and was constantly higher in axSpA vs non-SpA. In univariate analyses, only female sex was significantly associated with more FL.ConclusionsThe proportion of patients with MRI lesions was high in both axSpA and non-SpA patients. However, the prevalence of BME and erosions was significantly more frequent in patients with axSpA, was independent of age and also allowed for discrimination. FL occurred more frequently only in older age groups and were less reliable for discrimination vs non-SpA patients.
Capital Gains Tax, Venture Capital, and Innovation in Start-Ups
Authors: Dimitrova Lora , Eswar Sapnoti K 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We examine the effect of staggered changes in the state-level capital gains tax on venture capital (VC)-backed start-ups and show that an increase in the tax rate of VC firms reduces the quantity and quality of patents by the start-ups. The results are consistent with a reduction in VC firms’ incentives to provide effort: increases in the capital gains tax for VC firms lead to incrementally lower innovation exchanges between start-ups in the VC firm’s portfolio. VC firms also decrease the level of investment in start-ups and the size of their portfolio as well as increase the number of start-ups that they write off.
Heterotopic ossification prophylaxis after acetabular fracture fixation using a posterior approach: a retrospective study at a level 1 trauma center
Authors: Kitchen Joseph , Hartley Brandi , Seligson David 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a known complication of acetabular fracture repair. After surgery, standard methods for HO prevention involve observation, radiation therapy, or a course of nonsteroidal antiinflammatories (indomethacin).

Methods:
A retrospective chart review was performed to analyze the effectiveness of radiation and indomethacin as HO prophylaxis after acetabular fracture surgical repair. Data were analyzed from 117 patients who underwent stabilization of the acetabulum utilizing a posterior approach from 2016 to 2020. Patients were classified into three groups based on the postoperative therapy received: radiation therapy, indomethacin therapy, or no prophylaxis. Grade of HO for each patient was determined by examining pelvic radiographs using the Brooker classification system at the most recent follow-up. Incidence of total and severe HO was recorded for each group and compared. Demographics, follow-up time, injury severity, and other trauma characteristics also were reported. Statistics were calculated using a combination of analysis of the variance (ANOVA), chi square, and Kruskal-Wallis testing.

Results:
The indomethacin group was younger than the other two groups with a shorter average follow-up time. The radiation group demonstrated a lower incidence of severe and total HO compared to the control group. The indomethacin group had significantly less total HO than the control group.

Conclusions:
With a decreased incidence of severe HO in the radiation group compared to no prophylaxis, this study supports the utility of radiation therapy as HO prophylaxis following acetabular fracture repair using a posterior approach. It shows a trend indicating that indomethacin also may be useful.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
A biomechanical comparison between transosseous cruciate sutures and suture anchors for triceps tendon repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sequeira Sean B. , Imbergamo Casey , Gould Heath , Wright Melissa A. , Murthi Anand M. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The most common surgical option for acute triceps tendon tears is primary repair. There is no consensus as to which fixation construct is biomechanically superior. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical properties of transosseous cruciate (TC) versus suture anchors (SA) for triceps tendon repair.

Methods:
A systematic review was performed by searching PubMed, the Cochrane library, and Embase using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines to identify studies that analyzed the biomechanical properties of TC and SA techniques for triceps tendon repair. The search phrase implemented was “triceps tendon repair biomechanics.” Evaluated outcomes included medial displacement, lateral displacement, and ultimate load to failure.

Results:
Four studies met inclusion criteria, including 74 cadaveric specimens (TC: 37, SA: 37), for triceps tendon repair comparing a transosseous technique with TC to SA fixation. Pooled analysis from four studies reporting on medial and lateral displacement revealed a statistically significant difference between TC and SA (P=0.048 and 0.006). Pooled analysis from three studies reporting on ultimate load to failure revealed a statistically significant difference in favor of SA compared to TC (P=0.035).

Conclusions:
Biomechanical testing of SA for triceps tendon repair is associated with higher ultimate load to failure and lower medial and lateral displacement when under load following repair. The findings of this biomechanical meta-analyses should be considered along with clinical outcome data when surgeons make a decision regarding triceps tendon repair techniques.

Level of Evidence:
Level II
Analysis of physician characteristics and factors influencing the online recommendation of pediatric orthopaedic surgeons: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Pando Alejandro , Delprete Cristina R. , Su Jennifer , Edobor-Osula Folorunsho 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Physician online reviews are a growing resource that patients use to choose healthcare providers. The authors investigated the factors involved in the recommendation of pediatric orthopaedic surgeons on a popular online physician-rating website.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted using the 2020-2021 Pediatric Orthopedic Society of North America directory to identify United States active board-certified pediatric orthopaedic surgeons. Healthgrades.com was used to gather data including geographic location, years of experience, type of ratings, age, sex, and likelihood to recommend score (LTRS). Quantitative analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, Student t-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression models.

Results:
Seven hundred and one POSNA members (566 men, 135 women) were identified. A higher likelihood to recommend score (LTRS) was associated with short waiting times (P<0.0001), reports of “appointment not being rushed” (P=0.001), and more total ratings (P=0.130). Male physicians were positively associated with LTRS (P=0.01). Surgeons with fewer years of experience had fewer negative reviews (P=0.02) and were more favorably rated (P<0.05). Patients gave more positive (mean=3.37) then negative (mean=0.73) reviews and selected more “what went well” factors (mean=72) rather than “what could be improved” factors (mean=13). The South had more total, positive, and 5-star ratings (P<0.01).

Conclusions:
Patients are more likely to rate pediatric orthopaedic surgeons on the two extremes when using online reviews. Physicians with the fewer years practicing received higher LTRS, suggesting satisfaction is not related to experience. Factors such as reducing waiting times and not rushing appointments may help improve the likelihood of physicians being recommended in the future.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.