bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ameliorative Effect of Galic Acid in GLUT-4 Expression and Insulin Resistantance in High Fat Diet Induced Obesity Animal Model Mice, Mus musculus
Authors: Baraskar Kirti , THAKUR PRATIBHA , Shrivastava Renu , Shrivastava Vinoy Kumar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
- A primary loophole exacerbating the emergence of metabolic abnormalities is insulin resistance results due to impaired glucose transport. Glucose transporter type 4 isoform (GLUT-4) is a insulin-sensitive receptor associated with glucose uptake over the surface of adipocytes for glucose metabolism. Impaired insulin signalling is linked with reduced GLUT-4 activity. The aim of present study was to examine the expression of GLUT-4 and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) in visceral adipose tissue of high fat diet induced (HFD) obesity animal model with respect to antidote gallic acid (GA).
Methods
- Experimental animal, female swiss albino mice were fed a standard and high-fat diet (HFD) in order to study the therapeutic effects of gallic acid (GA) against metabolic changes obesity induced HFD, animal model.
Results
- Experimental group fed HFD along with GA displayed improved triglyceride and serum cholesterol levels. Alongwith this hyperinsulinemia and an increase in homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA IR) were observed in HFD group, which were alleviated by GA. Apart from this, GA, had improved glucose tolerance test (GTT), and upregulation in mRNA expression of GLUT-4 and IRS-1 in visceral adipose tissues in HFD + GA experimental group.
Conclusion
- The current study found a link between insulin resistance, GLUT-4 and IRS-1 expression in adipose tissue and the beginning of the metabolic syndrome, a condition characterised by obesity. Gallic acid may enhance insulin signalling, glucose, and lipid metabolism in adipose tissues, and it may even be used to manage comorbidities related to obesity, such as diabetes type 2 and dyslipidemia.
Integrated omics analysis identified genes and their splice variants involved in fruit development and metabolites production in Capsicum species
Authors: Rawoof Abdul , Ahmad Ilyas , Islam Khushbu , Momo John , Kumar Ajay , Jaiswal Vandana , Ramchiary Nirala 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

To date, several transcriptomic studies during fruit development have been reported, however no comprehensive integrated study on expression diversity, alternative splicing and metabolomic profiling was reported inCapsicum. This study analyzed RNA-seq data and untargeted metabolomic profiling from early green (EG), mature green (MG) and breaker (Br) fruit stages from twoCapsicumspecies i.e.C. annuum (Cann)andC. frutescens (Cfrut)from Northeast India. A total of 117416 and 96802 alternatively spliced events (AltSpli-events) were identified fromCannandCfrut, respectively. Among AltSpli-events, intron retention (IR; 32.2%Cannand 25.75%Cfrut) followed by alternative acceptor (AA; 15.4%Cannand 18.9%Cfrut) were the most abundant inCapsicum. Around, 7600 genes expressed in at least one fruit stages ofCannandCfrut, were AltSpli. The study identified spliced variants of genes including transcription factors (TFs) involved in fruit development/ripening(Aux/IAA 16-like, ETR, SGR1, ARF, CaGLK2, ETR, CaAGL1, MADS-RIN, FUL1, SEPALLATA1), carotenoid(PDS, CA1, Ccs, CCD4, NCED3, xanthoxin dehydrogenase, CaERF82, CabHLH100, CaMYB3R-1, SGR1, CaWRKY28, CaWRKY48, CaWRKY54)and capsaicinoids biosynthesis(CaMYB48, CHS, CaWRKY51), which were significantly differentially spliced (DS) between consecutiveCapsicumfruit stages. Also, this study observed that differentially expressed isoforms (DEiso) from 38 genes with differentially spliced events (DSE) were significantly enriched in various metabolic pathways such as starch and sucrose metabolism, amino-acid metabolism, cysteine cutin suberin and wax biosynthesis, and carotenoid biosynthesis. Furthermore, the metabolomic profiling revealed that metabolites from aforementioned pathways such as carbohydrates (mainly sugars such as D-fructose, D-galactose, maltose and sucrose), organic acids (carboxylic acids) and peptide groups significantly altered during fruit development. Taken together, our findings could help in alternative splicing-based targeted studies of candidate genes involved in fruit development and ripening inCapsicumcrop.
Development of a disease conceptual model of patient experience with metastatic colorectal cancer: identification of the most salient symptoms and impacts.
Authors: Guillemin Isabelle , Darpelly Mahesh , Wong Brendon , Ingelgård Anders , Griebsch Ingolf 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose. Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) experience multiple symptoms and impacts affecting their health-related quality of life. However, there is limited data on self-reported experience of the most relevant and bothersome aspects of patients living with mCRC.Methods. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in patients with mCRC to identify and understand the signs, symptoms and impacts experienced. Patients were also asked to rate the level of bothersomeness for each concept reported on a scale ranging from 0 (“not bothersome at all”) to 10 (“extremely bothersome”). Verbatim transcripts were analysed following a thematic analysis approach. The most salient concepts were identified (i.e., reported by >50% of patients with a bothersome rating ≥5 out of 10).Results. Twenty-five patients (United States; age: 26 to 72 years old) were interviewed. Patients reported 58 signs and symptoms, amongst which 8 were considered salient: fatigue, nausea, neuropathy, diarrhoea, loss of appetite, constipation, weight loss, and abdominal pain; 35 impacts were identified and 7 were considered salient: reduced ability to work, interference with daily activities, impact on cognitive functioning, financial impact, sleep changes, impact on social life and walking difficulties. The concepts identified helped refine a literature-based disease conceptual model of patient experience with mCRC.Conclusions. The interviews provided insights into the most bothersome and salient signs, symptoms and impacts affecting the HRQoL of patients living with mCRC.Implications for cancer survivors. There is a need to improve clinical strategies for future clinical development and inform clinical practice decision-making for mCRC survivors.
High expression of YTHDF1 predicts worse survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria
Authors: Chen Bin , An Tailai , Wang Yan , Li Xinming , Sun Xinfeng , Sheng Cuiyun , Xie Zonggui , Quan Xianyue 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The prognostic significance of YTHDF1 among patients with HCC within the Milan criteria has not been fully investigated. The present study was performed to identify its prognostic significance of YTHDF1 among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within the Milan criteria.
Methods
The expression levels of YTHDF1 in HCC and normal tissues were initially assessed by analyzing the data extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then we performed immunohistochemical staining to further evaluate its expression levels in HCC. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were accomplished to identify the independent prognostic factors for patients with HCC within the Milan criteria.
Results
According to bioinformatics analysis, YTHDF1 was significantly upregulated in HCC compared with normal liver tissues. It was then revealed that YTHDF1 expression was significantly associated with tumor number (P = 0.019), tumor size (P = 0.036), and microvascular invasion (MVI) (P = 0.033). Through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, it was demonstrated that along with tumor size (P = 0.012, HR = 2.725, 95%CI 1.249–5.946) and MVI (P < 0.001, HR = 3.494, 95%CI 1.919–6.363), high expression of YTHDF1 was an independent predictive factor for overall survival (OS) (P = 0.032, HR = 1.995, 95%CI 1.060–3.755) of patients with HCC within the Milan criteria. Similarly, high YTHDF1 expression was also proven as an independent predictive factor for recurrence-free survival (RFS) (P = 0.037, HR = 1.645, 95%CI 1.030–2.627) of patients with HCC within the Milan criteria.
Conclusions
YTHDF1 is significantly up-regulated in HCC and its high expression is significantly associated with worse OS and RFS of patients with HCC within the Milan criteria.
Numerical Simulation of Confluence Flow in a Degraded Bed Under Different Turbulence Models with a Comparison of Rigid Lid and Volume of Fluid
Authors: Behzad Ehsan , Mohammadian Abdolmajid , Rennie Colin D. , Yu Qingcheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The fluid dynamics of open channel confluences are highly complex due to the flow separation, mixing and secondary currents. Although numerous studies in the past few decades have focused on the numerical simulation of confluence flow, deformed beds were rarely used. This study attempts to address this issue through numerical simulation of the flow behavior in an open channel confluence flume with an equilibrium degraded bed in OpenFOAM. In the present study, six turbulence models, including Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) (standard k–ε, realizable k–ε, k–ω SST, V2-f), large-eddy simulation (LES) and detached eddy simulation (DES) models were performed using rigid lid and volume of fluid (VoF) methods. The accuracy of the models was statistically analyzed by comparing with the observation data, and their performance was prioritized accordingly. The results of this study demonstrated that the LES model had the best performance, with a minimum average normalized mean square error (NRMSE) of 9% under the VoF assumption and 27% under the rigid lid method.
Factors Affecting Women's Participation in Soil &amp; Water Conservation in Abeshege District southern Ethiopia
Authors: Dula Tsegamariam 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The primary industry in Ethiopia that makes a significant contribution to economic growth is still agriculture. Despite making a considerable contribution to livelihoods, the sector continues to encounter difficulties since soil degradation and resource depletion have decreased crop and livestock yield. To curb the effects of land degradation, the Ethiopian government has taken serious measures to expand soil and water conservation (SWC) practices across the country. Despite the efforts made, the participation of women in SWC activities has been low. The study was conducted to investigate women's participation in soil and water conservation practices in the Abeshege district of central Ethiopia. A random sampling procedure was used to select 164 participating and 70 non-participating households from a carefully selected sample of six rural kebeles. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources using interview designs, focus group discussions, semi-structured interviews, discussions with key informants, and observation.
Results
Key results showed that a variety of demographic, economic, and institutional factors significantly influenced women's participation in SWC. In this study, I found that education, family size, property size, income level, and contact with extension workers were the most important predictors of women's participation in SWC.
Conclusions
In general, I concluded that women's participation in SWC should be increased through a concerted effort by consultants, local government, and other relevant non-governmental actors. In particular, the counseling system should encourage women's participation in SWC. In addition, the need to create learning opportunities by facilitating appropriate education and training programs for women's participation in SWC should be stressed.
Horro and their crossbred dairy cow’s reproductive performance in Ethiopia sub-humid tropical environments
Authors: Goshu Habtamu Abera , Jalata Beshatu , Mediksa Tesfaye , Bekele Dereje , Aliye Mohammed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe estrus detection system, proper time of insemination, feeding, and health care practices each make a significant contribution towards the herd's optimal breeding efficiency and lifetime production. In the sub-humid environments of Ethiopia, the age at first calving, days open, calving to first heat, and services per conception are economic traits in the reproductive performance of Horro and their crossbred dairy cows. As a result, data collected at Ethiopia's Bako Agricultural Research Center from 1980 to 2019 were used to study the reproductive performance of Horro and their crosses with Holstein Friesian and Jersey dairy cows. The overall mean ± standard error of age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), number of services per conception (NSP), calving interval (CI), days open (DO), conception rate (CR), and replacement rate (RR) were 29.2 ± 0.2 months, 39.8 ± 0.2months,1.76 ± 0.4, 13.2 ± 0.3 months, 94.3 ± 4.3 days, 75.0 ± 1.3%, and 28.4 ± 0.3%, respectively. At 60 and 90 days, the odd ratio of the non-return rate (NRR) was 0.22 and 0.96, respectively. The breeds (sire and dam) and birth period had a significant (P < 0.001) influence on AFS and AFC, whereas season and dam parity had a significant influence on CI and DO. Inconsistent management in feeding, heat detection, inseminator skill, insemination time, health, and other husbandry practices may result in extended periods of AFS, AFC, CI, and DO. To improve the reproductive performance of Horro and their crosses with Holstein Friesian and Jersey dairy cows in Ethiopia's sub-humid environments, we should focus on increasing management factors.
Finding the Gap: Neuromorphic Motion Vision in Cluttered Environments
Authors: Schoepe Thorben , Janotte Ella , Milde Moritz , Bertrand Olivier , Egelhaaf Martin , Chicca Elisabetta 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Many animals meander in environments and avoid collisions. How the underlying neuronal machinery can yield robust behaviour in a variety of environments remains unclear. In the fly brain, motion-sensitive neurons indicate the presence of nearby objects and directional cues are integrated within an area known as the central complex.
Such neuronal machinery, in contrast with the traditional stream-based approach to signal processing, uses an event-based approach, with events occurring when changes are sensed by the animal. Contrary to classical von Neumann computing architectures, event-based neuromorphic hardware is designed to process information asynchronously and in a distributed manner. Inspired by the fly brain, we model, for the first time, a neuromorphic closed-loop system mimicking essential behaviours observed in flying insects, such as meandering in clutter and crossing of gaps, both of which are also highly relevant for autonomous vehicles. We implemented our system both in software and on neuromorphic hardware. While moving through an environment, our agent perceives changes in its surroundings and uses this information for collision avoidance. The agent's manoeuvres result from a closed action-perception loop implementing probabilistic decision-making processes. This loop-closure is thought to have driven the development of neural circuitry in biological agents since the Cambrian explosion.
In the fundamental quest to understand neural computation in artificial agents, we come closer to understanding and modelling biological intelligence by closing the loop also in neuromorphic systems. As a closed-loop system, our system deepens our understanding of processing in neural networks and their computations in both biological and artificial systems. With these investigations, we aim to set the foundations for neuromorphic intelligence in the future, moving towards leveraging the full potential of neuromorphic systems.
Heat-Shock Triggers Inverted Induction of Hypo-S-Nitrosylation and
Hyper-O-GlcNAcylation
Authors: Kim Min-Jae , Ryu In-Hyun , Do Su-Il 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Protein S-nitrosylation (SNO) and O-GlcNAcylation are important
posttranslational modifications. The biological connection between SNO and O-GlcNAcylation is
not clear.

Objective:
We aim to identify the crosstalk between SNO and O-GlcNAcylation during heat-shock.

Methods:
Ex vivo heat-shock on mouse tissues together with in vitro heat-shock on culture cells was
performed and global levels of SNO and O-GlcNAcylation were analyzed with Biotin-switch assay
(BSA) and RL2 immunoblots.

Results:
Heat-shock induces hypo-SNO in parallel with hyper-O-GlcNAcylation. Inverted induction
of hypo-SNO and hyper-O-GlcNAcylation is globally progressed in a time-dependent manner.

Discussion:
Moreover, heat-shock ubiquitously facilitates S-denitrosylation (SdeNO) of
endogenous SNO-proteins including SNO-OGT, SNO-Hsp70, SNO-Hsp90, SNO-Akt, and SNOactin.
Particularly, SdeNO of SNO-OGT leads to enhanced OGT activity.

Conclusion:
These findings provide mechanistic evidence that heat-shock triggers SdeNO of SNOOGT
by which OGT activity is up-regulated, resulting in hyper-O-GlcNAcylation.
Serine Racemase Expression Differentiates Aging from Alzheimer’s Brain
Authors: Wu Shengzhou , Zhou Jing , Zhang He , Barger Steven W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Aging is an inevitable process characterized with progressive loss of physiological integrity and increased susceptibility to cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases; regarding the last, aging is the primary risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia. AD is characterized by brain pathology including extracellular deposition of amyloid aggregation and intracellular accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. In addition, losses of synapses and a wide range of neurons are pivotal pathologies in AD brain. Accumulating evidence demonstrates hypoactivation of hippocampal neural networks in the aging brain, whereas AD-related mild cognitive impairment (AD-MCI) is begins with hyperactivation, followed by diminution of hippocampal activity as AD develops. The biphasic trends of the activity of hippocampal neural network are consistent with the alteration of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) activity from aging to prodromal (AD-MCI) to mid-/late stage AD. D-Serine, a product of racemization catalyzed by serine racemase (SR), is an important co-agonist of the NMDA-R which is involved in synaptic events including neurotransmission, synaptogenesis, long-term potentiation (LTP), development, and excitotoxicity. SR and D-serine are decreased in the hippocampus of the aging brain, correlating with impairment of cognitive function. By contrast, SR is increased in AD brain, which is associated with a greater degree of cognitive dysfunction. Emerging studies suggest that D-serine levels in the brain or in cerebral spinal fluid from AD patients are higher than in age-matched controls, but the results are inconsistent. Very recently, serum D-serine levels in AD were reported to correlate with sex and clinical dementia rating (CDR) stage. This review will discuss alterations of NMDA-R and SR in aging and brain, and the mechanisms underlying the differential regulation of SR will be probed. Collectively, we propose that SR may be a molecular switch that distinguishes the effects of aging from those of AD on the brain.
Human microRNA-4433 (hsa-miR-4443) Targets 18 Genes to be a Risk
Factor of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Ge Xing , Yao Tingting , Zhang Chaoran , Wang Qingqing , Wang Xuxu , Xu Li-Chun 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease patients (AD), Huntington's disease (HD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), are common causes of morbidity, mortality, and cognitive impairment in older adults.

Objective:
We aimed to understand the transcriptome characteristics of the cortex of neurodegenerative diseases and to provide an insight into the target genes of differently expressed microRNAs in the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods:
The Limma package of R software was used to analyze GSE33000, GSE157239, GSE64977 and GSE72962 datasets to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and microRNAs in the cortex of neurodegenerative diseases. Bioinformatics methods, such as GO enrichment analysis, KEGG enrichment analysis and gene interaction network analysis, were used to explore the biological functions of DEGs. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to cluster DEGs into modules. RNA22, miRDB, miRNet 2.0 and TargetScan7 databases were performed to predict the target genes of microRNAs.

Results:
Among 310 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, 157 Huntington's disease (HD) patients and 157 non-demented control (Con) individuals, 214 co-DEGs were identified. Those co-DEGs were filtered into 2 different interaction network complexes, representing immune-related genes and synapse-related genes. The WGCNA results identified five modules: yellow, blue, green, turquoise, and brown. Most of the co-DEGs were clustered into the turquoise module and blue module, which respectively regulated synapse-related function and immune-related function. In addition, human microRNA-4433 (hsa-miR-4443), which targets 18 co-DEGs, was the only 1 co-up-regulated microRNA identified in the cortex of neurodegenerative diseases.

Conclusion:
214 DEGs and 5 modules regulate the immune-related and synapse-related function of the cortex in neurodegenerative diseases. Hsa-miR-4443 targets 18 co-DEGs and may be a potential molecular mechanism in neurodegenerative diseases' occurrence and development.
Influence of Tooth Surface Wear and Nonlinear Contact Stiffness on
Dynamic Responses of Helical Gears
Authors: Han Lin , Li Weiguang , Qi Yang , Liu Shaoshuai 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Tooth surface wear is inevitable in helical geared transmission. Consequently,
the worn profile deviates from the ideal involute one. As a result, the structural stiffness of worn tooth
and contact stiffness of tooth-pair are both changed.

Methods:
This work presents an improved calculation method for structural stiffness of worn teeth by
combining slicing and potential energy method, considering non-uniform distribution of wear amount
along the tooth surface. Then, a nonlinear contact stiffness model is employed to investigate the influence of wear on contact stiffness. Meanwhile, taking wear as one kind of profile deviation, the analytical model of time-varying mesh stiffness (TVMS) of helical gear pair is derived. Furthermore, governing equations with 6 degree-of-freedom are established and influences of wear on dynamic responses
are revealed.

Results:
Results indicate that structural stiffness of worn teeth decreases but contact stiffness does not
always keep increasing or decreasing. The fluctuation of dynamic transmission error with the nonlinear
contact model is not as significant as that from the constant contact stiffness model.

Conclusion:
The approach presented in this work is suitable for condition monitoring of helical gears in
view of long-term service