bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli from diarrheic piglets from pig farms in Thailand that harbor colistin-resistant mcr genes
Authors: Nguyet Luong Thi Yen , Keeratikunakorn Krittika , Kaeoket Kampon , Ngamwongsatit Natharin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAntibiotic-resistantEscherichia coliis one of the most serious problems in pig production. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility and genotypes profiles of diarrhoeagenicE. colithat causes diarrhea in piglets. Thirty-seven pathogenicE. colistrains were used in this study. These were isolated from rectal swabs of diarrheic piglets from farms in Thailand from 2018 to 2019.Escherichia coliisolates were highly resistant to amoxicillin (100%), followed by oxytetracycline (91.9%), enrofloxacin (89.2%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (86.5%), amoxicillin: clavulanic acid (81.1%), colistin and gentamicin (75.7%), ceftriaxone and ceftiofur (64.9%), ceftazidime (35.1%) and 97.3% showed multidrug-resistance (MDR). There were 8 (21.6%)mcr-1carriers, 10 (27.0%)mcr-3carriers and 10 (27.0%) co-occurrentmcr-1andmcr-3isolates. The phenotype-genotype correlation of colistin resistance was statistically significant (performed using Cohen’s kappa coefficient (κ = 0.853;p < 0.001)). In addition, PCR results determined that 28 of 37 (75.7%) isolates carried theint1gene, and 85.7%int1-positive isolates also carried themcrgene. Genetic profiling ofE. coliisolates performed by ERIC-PCR showed diverse genetics, differentiated into thirteen groups with 65% similarity. Knowledge of the molecular origins of multidrug-resistantE. colishould be helpful for when attempting to utilize antibiotics in the pig industry. In terms of public health awareness, the possibility of transmitting antibiotic-resistantE. colifrom diarrheic piglets to other bacteria in pigs and humans should be of concern.
Production of synthetic rutile from tin ore beneficiation byproduct through preoxidation and reductive leaching in hydrochloric acid
Authors: Kurniawan M. R. , Imami T. G. , Ichlas Z. T. , Hidayat T. , Mubarok M. Z. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the effectiveness of the method for producing synthetic rutile from ilmenite through pre-oxidation and reductive leaching of pre-oxidized ilmenite in hydrochloric acid. Thermodynamic simulation of the pre-oxidation of ilmenite concentrate was performed to evaluate the phases formed during the process as a function of temperature. The pre-oxidation experiments were performed at different temperatures between 700 and 1000 °C in a muffle furnace for 6 h. The optimum temperature of pre-oxidation was revealed to be at 700 °C where ilmenite transformed into hematite and rutile, which is in accordance with the result of the thermodynamic simulation. Series of the leaching experiments were carried out under variations of HCl concentration (5–8 M), leaching temperature (70–100 °C), solid/liquid ratio (1/5–1/20 g/mL), ilmenite ore particle size distribution, and duration of leaching (6–12 h). Taguchi method utilizing L16 orthogonal array was adopted in the leaching step to design and reduce the required number of experiments. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the temperature and solid/liquid (S/L) ratio were the most influential leaching parameters for the dissolution of iron and titanium. The optimum conditions for maximising the dissolution of iron, while minimizing the dissolution of titanium were at a temperature of 80 °C, HCl of 6 M, S/L ratio of 1/20 g/mL, ore particle size distribution of 44–77 µm (-200 + 325 mesh), and leaching duration of 6 h. The leaching experiment conducted under these conditions resulted in iron extraction of 98.07% with co-extraction of titanium of 11.35%. The leach-residue contains 92.6% rutile, 2.9% hematite, and 2.5% cassiterite which can be classified as synthetic grade rutile.
Evaluation of the usefulness of non-invasive serum haemoglobin measurement in a perioperative setting in a prospective observational study
Authors: Honnef Gabriel , Auinger Daniel , Eichinger Michael , Eichlseder Michael , Metnitz Philipp G. H. , Rief Martin , Zajic Paul , Zoidl Philipp , Bornemann-Cimenti Helmar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPatient Blood Management (PBM) programmes seek to reduce the number of missed anaemic patients in the run-up to surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of haemoglobin (Hb) measured non-invasively (SpHb) in preoperative screening for anaemia. We conducted a prospective observational study in a preoperative clinic. Adult patients undergoing examination for surgery who had their Hb measured by laboratory means also had their Hb measured non-invasively by a trained health care provider. 1216 patients were recruited. A total of 109 (9.3%) patients (53 men and 56 women) was found to be anaemic by standard laboratory Hb measurement. Sensitivity for SpHb to detect anaemic patients was 0.50 (95% CI 0.37–0.63) in women and 0.30 (95% CI 0.18–0.43) in men. Specificity was 0.97 (95% CI 0.95–0.98) in men and 0.93 (95% CI 0.84–1.0) in women. The rate of correctly classified patients was 84.7% for men and 89.4% for women. Positive predictive value for SpHb was 0.50 (95% CI 0.35–0.65) in men and 0.40 (95% CI 0.31–0.50) in women; negative predictive value was 0.93 (95% CI 0.92–0.94) in men and 0.95 (95% CI 0.94–0.96) in women. We conclude that due to low sensitivity, SpHb is poorly suitable for detecting preoperative anaemia in both sexes under standard of care conditions.
AA15 lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase is required for efficient chitinous cuticle turnover during insect molting
Authors: Qu Mingbo , Guo Xiaoxi , Tian Shuang , Yang Qing , Kim Myeongjin , Mun Seulgi , Noh Mi Young , Kramer Karl J. , Muthukrishnan Subbaratnam , Arakane Yasuyuki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMicrobial lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) catalyze the oxidative cleavage of crystalline polysaccharides including chitin and cellulose. The discovery of a large assortment of LPMO-like proteins widely distributed in insect genomes suggests that they could be involved in assisting chitin degradation in the exoskeleton, tracheae and peritrophic matrix during development. However, the physiological functions of insect LPMO-like proteins are still undetermined. To investigate the functions of insect LPMO15 subgroup I-like proteins (LPMO15-1s), two evolutionarily distant species, Tribolium castaneum and Locusta migratoria, were chosen. Depletion by RNAi of T. castaneum TcLPMO15-1 caused molting arrest at all developmental stages, whereas depletion of the L. migratoria LmLPMO15-1, prevented only adult eclosion. In both species, LPMO15-1-deficient animals were unable to shed their exuviae and died. TEM analysis revealed failure of turnover of the chitinous cuticle, which is critical for completion of molting. Purified recombinant LPMO15-1-like protein from Ostrinia furnacalis (rOfLPMO15-1) exhibited oxidative cleavage activity and substrate preference for chitin. These results reveal the physiological importance of catalytically active LPMO15-1-like proteins from distant insect species and provide new insight into the enzymatic mechanism of cuticular chitin turnover during molting.
Molecular phylogenies map to biogeography better than morphological ones
Authors: Oyston Jack W. , Wilkinson Mark , Ruta Marcello , Wills Matthew A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPhylogenetic relationships are inferred principally from two classes of data: morphological and molecular. Currently, most phylogenies of extant taxa are inferred from molecules and when morphological and molecular trees conflict the latter are often preferred. Although supported by simulations, the superiority of molecular trees has rarely been assessed empirically. Here we test phylogenetic accuracy using two independent data sources: biogeographic distributions and fossil first occurrences. For 48 pairs of morphological and molecular trees we show that, on average, molecular trees provide a better fit to biogeographic data than their morphological counterparts and that biogeographic congruence increases over research time. We find no significant differences in stratigraphic congruence between morphological and molecular trees. These results have implications for understanding the distribution of homoplasy in morphological data sets, the utility of morphology as a test of molecular hypotheses and the implications of analysing fossil groups for which molecular data are unavailable.
The Eurasian epicontinental sea was an important carbon sink during the Palaeocene-Eocene thermal maximum
Authors: Kaya Mustafa Y. , Dupont-Nivet Guillaume , Frieling Joost , Fioroni Chiara , Rohrmann Alexander , Altıner Sevinç Özkan , Vardar Ezgi , Tanyaş Hakan , Mamtimin Mehmut , Zhaojie Guo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (ca. 56 million years ago) offers a primary analogue for future global warming and carbon cycle recovery. Yet, where and how massive carbon emissions were mitigated during this climate warming event remains largely unknown. Here we show that organic carbon burial in the vast epicontinental seaways that extended over Eurasia provided a major carbon sink during the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. We coupled new and existing stratigraphic analyses to a detailed paleogeographic framework and using spatiotemporal interpolation calculated ca. 720–1300 Gt organic carbon excess burial, focused in the eastern parts of the Eurasian epicontinental seaways. A much larger amount (2160–3900 Gt C, and when accounting for the increase in inundated shelf area 7400–10300 Gt C) could have been sequestered in similar environments globally. With the disappearance of most epicontinental seas since the Oligocene-Miocene, an effective negative carbon cycle feedback also disappeared making the modern carbon cycle critically dependent on the slower silicate weathering feedback.
Ultrafast CO2 photodissociation in the energy region of the lowest Rydberg series
Authors: Triana Johan F. , Peláez Daniel , Hochlaf Majdi , Sanz-Vicario José L. 
Published: May 2022

The role of metastable Rydberg states in the first stage of the photofragmentation of CO2 is investigated on a new set of potentials and a multistate diabatic photodynamics calculation using ultrashort laser pulses.
Proposing a Multisystem Swallowing Framework: A Network Medicine Approach in the Era of COVID-19
Authors: Letawsky Veronica H. , Schreiber Ann-Marie , Dawson Camilla , Fullerton Geoff , Jones Robyn C. , Newton Karyn , Oveisi Niki , Tejpar Tahira , Skoretz Stacey A. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:
Swallowing impairments (dysphagia) following severe COVID-19 are complex, as is recovery from the disease itself. Like other critical illnesses, dysphagia management requires multidisciplinary involvement owing to the interaction between numerous physiological systems. Our objectives are to (a) propose a literature-based network medicine framework highlighting multisystem considerations for dysphagia management following critical illness including COVID-19 and (b) discuss clinician innovation and the evolution of dysphagia practice during a global pandemic.

Method:
A literature search identified current and relevant studies in areas pertinent to speech-language pathologists caring for patients with COVID-19. Our tutorial presents a network medicine framework of critical illness dysphagia and its “phenotypic” presentation with application to COVID-19. We also consider the individual and collective burden of the illness and global pandemic.

Results:
Iatrogenic and complex pathophysiologies likely contribute to dysphagia during critical illness. Upper aerodigestive tract functions, specifically swallowing, rely upon multiple systems for safe execution. Critical illness comorbidities, particularly respiratory challenges and supportive ventilation, are features of COVID-19 often exacerbating dysphagia risk. Throughout the pandemic, increased demands on and reallocation of resources have led to clinical adaptations across settings and placed significant burden on those who deliver care.

Conclusions:
Care provision for patients with COVID-19 relies on dynamic knowledge about disease mechanisms and effective interventions. Dysphagia management should employ a multidisciplinary and multisystem approach. Together, clinicians and health care systems should endeavor to proactively establish robust infrastructure and appropriate funding streams to optimize outcomes when considering the cumulative impacts of COVID-19.
Bitcoin address clustering method based on multiple heuristic conditions
Authors: He Xi , He Ketai , Lin Shenwen , Yang Jinglin , Mao Hongliang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSingle heuristic method and incomplete heuristic conditions were difficult to cluster a large number of addresses comprehensively and accurately. Therefore, this paper analysed the associations between Bitcoin transactions and addresses and used six heuristic conditions to cluster addresses and entities. We proposed an improved change address detection algorithm and compared it with the original change address algorithm to prove the effectiveness of the improved algorithm. By adding conditional constraints, the identified change address was more accurate, and the convergence speed of the algorithm was accelerated. Our work presented the pseudo‐anonymity mechanism of the Bitcoin system, which could be used by the law enforcement agencies to track and crack down illegal transactions.
Secrecy and BER analysis of antenna sequence spatial modulation: An information theoretic approach
Authors: Obadha Joseph A. , Akuon Peter O. , Oduol Vitalis K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract5G and future generation networks require physical layer security (PLS) to reinforce the security at the higher communication layers. A novel technique of securely transmitting data in a wireless network is presented, by ensuring its security and reliability on the physical layer. Information is encoded in two domains: the spatial domain, in terms of the sequence of transmitting antennas and in the signal domain, in terms of the symbol that the antennas transmit. Hence the name antenna sequence spatial modulation (ASSM). The case of three antennas is presented, where each antenna transmits the same symbol of the two possible symbols, of the bipolar phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, in one of the three time slots. Both the transmitter and the receiver have a mapper table relating the antenna transmitting sequence and the symbol transmitted to a code word. Using the information theoretic approach, the performance analysis of the system is presented through the bit error rate (BER) and the secrecy capacity metrics on Rayleigh fading channel. The comparison of simulation and analytical results are presented. It is inferred that the ASSM has a higher secrecy rate than the conventional spatial modulation (SM), albeit at a lower spectral efficiency.
Analytical calculation of magnetic field of double‐stator permanent magnet spherical motor considering cogging effect and edge effect
Authors: Chen Qing , Yang Xiangyu , Zhong Guanming , Zeng Bingsen , Zhao Shiwei , Cao Jianghua , Zeng Guanbao , Li Zhongyi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA new type of double‐stator permanent magnet spherical motor (DSSRPMSM) is proposed. Compared with most existing spherical motors, this motor uses a large number of stator iron cores, which can generate larger magnetic flux density and significantly improve torque capacity. The proposed DSSRPMSM can continuously rotate, swing and spiral, and can be used in the multi‐degree‐of‐freedom motion fields of industrial robot joints, moment gyroscopes, panoramic photography tables and so on. Because the motor has the dual characteristics of rotary motor and arc linear motor, the comprehensive effects of stator slotting and stator iron core breaking should be considered. Cylindrical and trapezoidal PM poles are equivalent to dihedral PM poles, and stator coils are equivalent to PM pole models. Analytical models of PM pole magnetic field and stator magnetic field in a spherical coordinate system are established, and the air gap magnetic flux density under unequal magnetic potential boundary conditions is calculated by conformal transformation. The analytical calculation method proposed is consistent with the results of finite element method (FEM) simulation, and the experimental test further verifies the effectiveness and accuracy of this method.
IAUFD: A 100k images dataset for automatic football image/video analysis
Authors: Zanganeh Amirhosein , Jampour Mahdi , Layeghi Kamran 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNowadays, analyzing football videos using computer vision techniques has attracted increasing attention. Significant events detection, football video summarization, football results predictions, statistics etc. are exciting applications in this area. On the other hand, the deep learning approaches are very successful methods for image and video analysis that need much data. Nevertheless, to the best of our knowledge, publicly available datasets in this area are small or individual, which are not enough for such deep learning‐based approaches. A public dataset was collected, annotated, and prepared, namely IAUFD, to meet this gap for researches in this direction. The IAUFD contains 100,000 real‐world images from 33 football videos in 2,508 min, annotated in 10 event categories. These categories include the goal, center of the field, celebration, red card, yellow card, the ball, stadium, the referee, penalty‐kick, and free‐kick. It is believed that these moments are the basis and useful for any high‐level action or event exploration. For a generalization of our dataset, we paid attention to various weather (e.g., sunny, rainy, cloudy etc.), season, time of day, and location. We also used two deep neural networks (VggNet‐13 and ResNet‐18) to evaluate our proposed dataset as the baseline for future studies and comparison.
J-PLUS: Detecting and studying extragalactic globular clusters
Authors: de Brito Silva Danielle , Coelho Paula , Cortesi Arianna , Bruzual Gustavo , Magris C. Gladis , Chies-Santos Ana L. , Hernandez-Jimenez Jose A. , Ederoclite Alessandro , San Roman Izaskun , Varela Jesús , Forbes Duncan A. , Jiménez-Teja Yolanda , Cenarro Javier , Cristóbal-Hornillos David , Hernández-Monteagudo Carlos , López-Sanjuan Carlos , Marín-Franch Antonio , Moles Mariano , Vázquez Ramió Héctor , Dupke Renato , Sodré Laerte , Angulo Raul E. 
Published: May 2022

Context. Extragalactic globular clusters (GCs) are key objects in studies of galactic histories. The advent of wide-field surveys, such as the Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS), offers new possibilities for the study of these systems.
Aims. We performed the first study of GCs in J-PLUS to recover information on the history of NGC 1023, taking advantage of wide-field images and 12 filters.
Methods. We developed the semiautomatic pipeline GCFinder for detecting GC candidates in J-PLUS images, which can also be adapted to similar surveys. We studied the stellar population properties of a sub-sample of GC candidates using spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting.
Results. We found 523 GC candidates in NGC 1023, about 300 of which are new. We identified subpopulations of GC candidates, where age and metallicity distributions have multiple peaks. By comparing our results with the simulations, we report a possible broad age-metallicity relation, supporting the notion that NGC 1023 has experienced accretion events in the past. With a dominating age peak at 1010 yr, we report a correlation between masses and ages that suggests that massive GC candidates are more likely to survive the turbulent history of the host galaxy. Modeling the light of NGC 1023, we find two spiral-like arms and detect a displacement of the galaxy’s photometric center with respect to the outer isophotes and center of GC distribution (~700pc and ~1600pc, respectively), which could be the result of ongoing interactions between NGC 1023 and NGC 1023A.
Conclusions. By studying the GC system of NGC 1023 with J-PLUS, we showcase the power of multi-band surveys for these kinds of studies and we find evidence to support the complex accretion history of the host galaxy.
XMM-Newtonand TESS observations of the highly variable polar V496 UMa
Authors: Ok Samet , Schwope Axel 
Published: May 2022

Aims.We studied the temporal and spectral behavior of V496 UMa from the optical to the X-ray regimes.Methods.We used archivalXMM-Newtonand TESS observations obtained in 2017 and 2019, respectively, to perform a spectral and timing analysis of the highly variable magnetic CV.Results.The light curves of the TESS andXMM-Newtonsatellites reveal a double-humped pattern modulated with the periodicity of 91.058467 ± 0.00001 min. V496 UMa displays a two-pole accretion geometry in the high accretion state. X-ray spectra from these regions are composed of thermal plasma radiation and soft blackbody components with almost identical temperatures and a total accretion rate ofṀ = 1.4(8) × 10−11 M⊙yr−1. The X-ray centers of the humps show longitudinal shifts of −18° and 4°, and shifts around photometric phase zero of −172° and −186°, for the main hump and second hump, respectively. The long-term ZTF light curves reveal high and low accretions states. Low-state ZTF and SDSS photometric data are consistent with an 0.8 M⊙white dwarf at 10 000 K and a main-sequence donor star with a spectral type of M5.0 at aGaiadetermined distance of 758 pc.Conclusions.V496 UMa is a very bright polar in X-rays when it is in the high state. Due to its unusual geometric structure, mass accretion onto the second accretion pole is interrupted occasionally. This discontinuous behavior does not follow a certain pattern in time and has been observed so far only in the high state. The X-ray light curves display clear evidence of an accretion stream at the photometric phase ofϕ = 0.81, which does not show up in optical light curves. An accurate period was derived using the combined TESS andXMM-Newtondata, which differs by 3.8σfrom published results.
Gender Difference in Liver Enzymes in Newly Defined Subgroups of Diabetes Revealed by a Data-Driven Cluster Analysis
Authors: Zhang Ye , Huang Jiaojiao , Xia Sanshan , Yang Yan , Dong Kun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground Recently, a newly proposed data-driven approach for classifying diabetes has challenged the status quo of the classification of adult-onset patients with diabetes. This study investigated the association between liver injury and diabetes, classified by data-driven cluster analysis, as liver injury is a significant risk factor for diabetes.Methods We enrolled 822 adult patients with newly diagnosed diabetes. Two-step cluster analysis was performed using six parameters, including age at diagnosis, body mass index, hemoglobin A1C, homoeostatic assessment model 2 estimates about insulin resistance (HOAM2-IR) and beta-cell function (HOMA2-B), and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA) positivity. Patients were allocated into five clusters. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity were compared as indicators of liver injury among clusters.Results Serum ALT and AST activities were significantly different among clusters (P=0.002), even among those without GADA positivity (P=0.004). Patients with severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD) and mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD) had a more severe liver injury. Gender dimorphism was also found for serum ALT and AST activities among subgroups. Female patients had better liver function than males with SIRD and MOD.Conclusions We verified the feasibility of a newly proposed diabetes classification system and found robust and significant relationship and gender differences between serum ALT and AST activities and diabetes in some specific subgroups. Our findings indicate that more attention should be paid to diabetes subgroups when studying risk factors, indicators, or treatment in diabetic research.