bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of FDG PET/MR and PET/CT for staging, response assessment, and prognostic imaging biomarkers in lymphoma
Authors: Husby Trine , Johansen Håkon , Bogsrud Trond , Hustad Kari Vekseth , Evensen Birte Veslemøy , Boellard Ronald , Giskeødegård Guro F. , Fagerli Unn-Merete , Eikenes Live 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe aim of the current study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of FDG PET/MR compared to PET/CT in a patient cohort including Hodgkins lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and high-grade B-cell lymphoma at baseline and response assessment. Sixty-one patients were examined with FDG PET/CT directly followed by PET/MR. Images were read by two pairs of nuclear medicine physicians and radiologists. Concordance for lymphoma involvement between PET/MR and the reference standard PET/CT was assessed at baseline and response assessment. Correlation of prognostic biomarkers Deauville score, criteria of response, SUVmax, SUVpeak, and MTV was performed between PET/MR and PET/CT. Baseline FDG PET/MR showed a sensitivity of 92.5% and a specificity 97.9% compared to the reference standard PET/CT (κ 0.91) for nodal sites. For extranodal sites, a sensitivity of 80.4% and a specificity of 99.5% were found (κ 0.84). Concordance in Ann Arbor was found in 57 of 61 patients (κ 0.92). Discrepancies were due to misclassification of region and not lesion detection. In response assessment, a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity 99.9% for all sites combined were found (κ 0.92). There was a perfect agreement on Deauville scores 4 and 5 and criteria of response between the two modalities. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for SUVmax, SUVpeak, and MTV values showed excellent reliability (ICC > 0.9). FDG PET/MR is a reliable alternative to PET/CT in this patient population, both in terms of lesion detection at baseline staging and response assessment, and for quantitative prognostic imaging biomarkers.
Influence of substrate temperature parameter on electrospinning process: example of application to the formation of gelatin fibers
Authors: Morsy Reda 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe substrate temperature was investigated to broaden the applicability of controlling the morphology of polymeric fibers produced during the electrospinning process. A laboratory electrospinning setup was designed using a substrate heated in a temperature range of 25 °C to 100 °C. A gelatin polymer was used as an example to obtain beads-free gelatin fibers by fixing the main electrospinning parameters. Based on XRD, FTIR, and DSC techniques, the electrospun gelatin fibers did not show any change in their chemical composition up to 100 °C. Heating the substrate at 50 °C may be the best selection factor to obtain gelatin fibers; the fiber diameters experienced a significant decrease from 680 ± 140 nm to 420 ± 120 nm with increasing substrate temperature from 25 to 50 °C, respectively. They showed stability of the diameter at 380 ± 130 nm and 390 ± 130 nm when increasing substrate temperatures from 75 to 100 °C, respectively, with a significant variation in their diameter distribution. Therefore, this ability to control the electrospinning process using a heated substrate makes it promising for fabricating electrospun beads-free fibers of biopolymers such as gelatin for tissue engineering and drug delivery carriers.
Expiratory Muscle Strength Training for Drooling in Adults with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Cocks Naomi , Rafols Jonathan , Embley Elizabeth , Hill Kylie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOne of the most debilitating symptoms of advanced Parkinson’s disease is drooling. Currently, the main treatment that is offered for drooling is botulinum toxin injections to the saliva glands which have a number of side effects and do not treat the causes of drooling, such as impaired swallowing and lip closure. This study explored the effect of an alternative therapy approach for drooling that aimed at improving the swallow, expiratory muscle strength training (EMST). Sixteen participants received EMST over a 6- to 8-week period. Measurements were taken pre- and post-training for drooling (Sialorrhea Clinical Scale for Parkinson’s Disease; SCS-PD), swallowing, lip strength and peak cough flow. Measures of drooling, swallowing and peak cough flow were stable over pre-training assessments and improved following training (p < 0.01). The most conservative estimate of the within-group change for SCS-PD was − 2.50 (95% confidence interval −  3.22 to −  1.22). No adverse effects were reported and participants gave high satisfaction ratings for the training. A programme of EMST offers promise as a therapy to reduce drooling for people with Parkinson’s disease. Adequately powered randomised controlled trials of EMST are now needed.
Online dissolved gas analysis used for transformers – possibilities, experiences, and limitations
Authors: Riedmann Christof , Schichler Uwe , Häusler Wolfgang , Neuhold Wolfgang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAt a time when the optimal utilization of resources is becoming ever more important, the condition monitoring of electrical equipment is also becoming increasingly essential. The dissolved gas analysis (DGA), an internationally accepted method for the condition assessment of transformers, plays a key role in this respect. By continuously monitoring the key gases in a transformer, incipient faults can be detected at an early stage and suitable maintenance measures can be initiated. This ability to plan maintenance measures may provide the key to cutting costs and increasing the overall system reliability. In free-breathing transformers, degassing or gas dissolving can occur over time, which may influence the interpretation basis of the DGA. The reason for this is that molecules always strive for equal distribution in a chemical-physical system. Various theories, which are based on the determination of physical and chemical material properties, can be used to describe these processes. Here, the Henry constants describe the concentration equilibrium at the phase interfaces and the diffusion coefficients describe the movement of the gas molecules dissolved in mineral oil. This paper presents mathematically or experimentally determined values and compares them with the literature. Furthermore, it describes the influence of the key gases investigated and the temperature dependence.
PRETTY – passive GNSS-Reflectometry for CubeSats
Authors: Dielacher Andreas , Fragner Heinrich , Koudelka Otto 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Passive Reflectometry and Dosimetry (PRETTY) is a small satellite mission developed by a consortium consisting of RUAG Space GmbH (RSA), Graz University of Technology (TUG), and Seibersdorf Laboratories (SL). The primary objective of the passive altimetry within the PRETTY mission is to measure the ice and sea ice surface elevation and roughness in the polar regions.
Erdschlüsse bei Mittelspannungskabeln und die elektrische Beeinflussung im Bereich von Swimmingpools
Authors: Friedl Katrin , Hirtler Reinhard , Fickert Lothar , Braunstein René , Schürhuber Robert 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungBei Erdschlüssen an Mittelspannungskabeln können in unmittelbarer Umgebung der Fehlerstelle durch den Eintritt von Strömen in das Erdreich Potentialanhebungen und somit Schritt- und Berührungsspannungen auftreten. Diese müssen hinsichtlich des Risikos einer Personengefährdung betrachtet werden. Eine besondere Situation entsteht dabei, wenn der Fehler im Nahbereich eines Swimmingpools auftritt, da sich hier Personen barfuß aufhalten können. Die dabei kleineren Übergangswiderstände zum Erdreich als bei Personen mit Schuhwerk führen zu größeren Körperströmen. Diese Situation wird unter Berücksichtigung der einschlägigen Normen auf ihr Gefährdungspotential beurteilt.Im Zentrum dieses Fachbeitrages steht die Frage, unter welchen Bedingungen es bei der Annäherung von Swimmingpool und erdverlegtem Kabel bei einem Erdschluss in kompensierten Mittelspannungsnetzen (20 kV und 30 kV) zu einer Personengefährdung kommen kann und welche Maßnahmen von den Betreibern dieser Kabel erforderlichenfalls zu treffen sind.Zwei unterschiedliche Fehlerszenarien werden im Detail analysiert: ein Kabelfehler in der Nähe eines Swimmingpools sowie ein Fehler im Bereich eines Kabelaufführungsmastes oder in einer Ortsnetzstation mit Potentialverschleppung über den Kabelbegleiterder.Die wesentlichen Einflussparameter werden hinsichtlich der Auswirkungen auf den Fehlerstrom sowie auf Schritt- und Berührungsspannungen untersucht.Aus den Untersuchungen geht hervor, dass bei den meisten betrachteten Fehlerszenarien keine Gefährdung für Personen hinsichtlich Schritt- und Berührungsspannungen zu erwarten ist. Einzig der Fehlerfall mit Potentialverschleppung über den Kabelbegleiterder in Gebieten mit spezifischen Bodenwiderständen von größer als 1000 Ωm muss im Anlassfall geprüft werden.
Does Anxiety Symptomatology Affect Bullying Behavior in Children and Adolescents with ADHD?
Authors: Pityaratstian Nuttorn , Prasartpornsirichoke Jirada 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Anxiety disorders are common comorbidities in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who are also at a high risk of bullying behavior. However, little is known about the roles of anxiety symptomatology in the relationship between ADHD and bullying behavior.

Objective
This cross-sectional, clinic-based study aims to investigate the associations between anxiety symptomatology and bullying involvement in youth with ADHD.

Method
One hundred and eighty children and adolescents with ADHD aged 10–18 years participated in the study. The Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) was self-rated, and the participants were interviewed with the Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire to categorize bullying involvement. Data were analyzed through percentage, nonparametric statistics, chi-squared statistics, and logistic regression analysis.

Results
Sixty-nine percent of youth with ADHD reported involvement in bullying, of which 33.3%, 8.9%, and 27.2% were classified as victims, bullies, and bully-victims, respectively. The means and 95% confidence intervals of the total SCARED scores showed a significant difference among bullying behavior groups. The highest SCARED scores could be noticed in the victim and bully-victim groups, with the lowest scores observed in the bully group. Youth with ADHD who had comorbid anxiety were 3.51 times more likely to be bullied than those who did not have anxiety.

Conclusions
A differential effect of anxiety symptomatology on bullying behavior in youth with ADHD was evident. These results highlight the utility of including anxiety in the conceptualization of bullying problems in youth with ADHD to plan successful anti-bullying interventions.
Robust optimality analysis of non-degenerate basic feasible solutions in linear programming problems with fuzzy objective coefficients
Authors: Inuiguchi Masahiro , Gao Zhenzhong , Henriques Carla Oliveira 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe necessarily optimal solution is known as the most reasonable solution to linear programming problems with interval/fuzzy objective function coefficients. As it remains optimal against the certain fluctuations of objective function coefficients, the necessarily optimal solution can be seen as a robust optimal solution. In this paper, we demonstrate that the necessary optimality degree of a non-degenerate basic feasible solution can be obtained easily by utilizing the tolerance approach. The necessary optimality degree evaluates to what extent the solution remains optimal against the fluctuations of objective function coefficients. Several types of fuzzy subsets showing the possible range of the objective function coefficient vector are considered. For each type of fuzzy subset, an efficient calculation method of necessary optimality degree is proposed. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the proposed methods.
Assessing dissimilarity of employment history information from survey and administrative data using sequence analysis techniques
Authors: Bühler Babette , Möhring Katja , Weiland Andreas P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLife course data is frequently gathered either using retrospective surveys or linking records with administrative data. Yet, each strategy has specific advantages and disadvantages. We study the consistency between both types of data sources and reasons for mismatch using the linked data set SHARE-RV, which combines retrospective life history data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) with respondents’ administrative data from German pension insurance records (N = 1679). Utilizing sequence analysis techniques with Hamming distance, Optimal Matching and OMspell as matching algorithms, we examine mismatches between survey and administrative data covering detailed, 30-year employment histories, and analyze how inconsistencies are associated with life-course characteristics, demographic and socio-economic factors. Our results show that life-course complexity and spells of atypical employment are associated with more mismatches. Furthermore, gender differences are pronounced and appear to be sensitive to the applied matching algorithm.
Berberine-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles inhibit non-small cell lung cancer proliferation and migration in vitro
Authors: Paudel Keshav R. , Mehta Meenu , Yin Geena Hew Suet , Yen Lee Li , Malyla Vamshikrishna , Patel Vyoma K. , Panneerselvam Jithendra , Madheswaran Thiagarajan , MacLoughlin Ronan , Jha Niraj Kumar , Gupta Piyush Kumar , Singh Sachin Kumar , Gupta Gaurav , Kumar Pradeep , Oliver Brian G. , Hansbro Philip M. , Chellappan Dinesh Kumar , Dua Kamal 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is reported to have a high incidence rate and is one of the most prevalent types of cancer contributing towards 85% of all incidences of lung cancer. Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid which offers a broad range of therapeutical and pharmacological actions against cancer. However, extremely low water solubility and poor oral bioavailability have largely restricted its therapeutic applications. To overcome these limitations, we formulated berberine-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNs) and investigated their in vitro antiproliferative and antimigratory activity in human lung epithelial cancer cell line (A549). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), trypan blue staining, and colony forming assays were used to evaluate the anti-proliferative activity, while scratch wound healing assay and a modified Boyden chamber assay were carried out to determine the anti-migratory activity. We also investigated major proteins associated with lung cancer progression. The developed nanoparticles were found to have an average particle size of 181.3 nm with spherical shape, high entrapment efficiency (75.35%) and have shown sustained release behaviour. The most remarkable findings reported with berberine-loaded LCNs were significant suppression of proliferation, inhibition of colony formation, inhibition of invasion or migration via epithelial mesenchymal transition, and proliferation related proteins associated with cancer progression. Our findings suggest that anti-cancer compounds with the problem of poor solubility and bioavailability can be overcome by formulating them into nanotechnology-based delivery systems for better efficacy. Further in-depth investigations into anti-cancer mechanistic research will expand and strengthen the current findings of berberine-LCNs as a potential NSCLC treatment option.
Disagreement, Points of View, and Truth-Relativism
Authors: Hautamäki Antti 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTruth-relativism is the claim that the truth of statements is dependent on the context in which they are made. In this article, truth-relativism is considered as a way to explain disagreements. Viewpoint relativism, a recent version of truth-relativism, is introduced as a useful framework to analyse how truth-relativism approaches disagreements. Viewpoint relativism is based on contextual semantics and the logic of viewpoint, which is a two-dimensional modal logic. In viewpoint relativism, the central concept is a point of view in relation to which truth claims are evaluated. Viewpoint relativism is compared to the truth-relativism of Peter Lasersohn and John MacFarlane. Finally, truth-relativism is defended against the critique of Paul Boghossian that it represents untenable ‘replacement relativism’.
Nighttime lights, urban features, household poverty, depression, and obesity
Authors: Liao Yi-An , Garcia-Mondragon Liliana , Konac Deniz , Liu Xiaoxuan , Ing Alex , Goldblatt Ran , Yu Le , Barker Edward D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNighttime Light Emission (NLE) is associated with diminished mental and physical health. The present study examines how NLE and associated urban features (e.g., air pollution, low green space) impact mental and physical wellbeing. We included 200,393 UK Biobank Cohort participants with complete data. The study was carried out in two steps. In Step1, we assessed the relationship between NLE, deprivation, pollution, green space, household poverty and mental and physical symptoms. In Step2, we examined the role of NLE on environment-symptom networks. We stratified participants into high and low NLE and used gaussian graphical model to identify nodes which bridged urban features and mental and physical health problems. We then compared the global strength of these networks in high vs low NLE. We found that higher NLE associated with higher air pollution, less green space, higher economic and neighborhood deprivation, higher household poverty and higher depressed mood, higher tiredness/lethargy and obesity (Rtraining_mean = 0.2624, Ptraining_mean < .001; Rtest_mean = 0.2619, Ptest_mean < .001). We also found that the interaction between environmental risk factors and mental, physical problems (overall network connectivity) was higher in the high NLE network than in the low NLE network (t = 0.7896, P < .001). In areas with high NLE, economic deprivation, household poverty and waist circumference acted as bridge factors between the key urban features and mental health symptoms. In conclusion, NLE, urban features, household poverty and mental and physical symptoms are all interrelated. In areas with high NLE, urban features associate with mental and physical health problems at a greater magnitude than in areas with low NLE.
Memory Modification and Authenticity: A Narrative Approach
Authors: Leuenberger Muriel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe potential of memory modification techniques (MMTs) has raised concerns and sparked a debate in neuroethics, particularly in the context of identity and authenticity. This paper addresses the question whether and how MMTs influence authenticity. I proceed by drawing two distinctions within the received views on authenticity. From this, I conclude that an analysis of MMTs based on a dual-basis, process view of authenticity is warranted, which implies that the influence of MMTs on authenticity crucially depends on the specifics of how memory modification would eventually work. Therefore, I continue with a systematic analysis of possible properties of MMTs in which I distinguish between the dimensions of memories and the kinds of experiences that can be modified as well as the properties of the process of memory modification. The impact of MMTs on authenticity is analyzed regarding the possible properties of MMTs and based on a narrative approach to authenticity which fulfills the requirements of a dual-basis, process view of authenticity. Lastly, I explore the potential of MMTs to shift the balance between self-discovery and self-creation within authenticity and thereby alter the concept itself as well as the value of authenticity.
Boson stars with negative Gauss–Bonnet coupling
Authors: Tojiev Sardor 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss asymptotically flat and anti-de Sitter (AdS) boson star in $$(4+1)$$

(
4
+
1
)

-dimensional Gauss–Bonnet gravity. We describe the dependence of the mass, the charge and the radius of the boson star on the model parameters, such as Gauss–Bonnet coupling $$\alpha $$
α
, cosmological constant $$\Lambda $$
Λ
and gravitational constant $$\kappa $$
κ
. The basic properties of the solutions of boson stars have been studied for the different negative values of Gauss–Bonnet coupling. We found that when $$\kappa $$
κ
is large and $$\alpha $$
α
is negative enough, the spiral shrinks and pulls back to the larger internal frequency $$\omega $$
ω
, and there is only one branch exists. We have also observed that when $$\kappa $$
κ
is small enough and if $$\alpha $$
α
is close to zero, the spiral will unfold.
A necessary step back?
Authors: Alwardt Christian , Schörnig Niklas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA few years back, the rapid progress of international efforts to ban lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS) left arms controllers amazed: only five years after the founding of the International Committee for Robot Arms Control (ICRAC), the dangers of autonomous weapons were being debated in a UN context, the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW), with non-state actors and state actors alike finding common ground in rejecting weapon systems beyond human control. Since then, however, the debate has made little progress, despite increasing pressure by activists and a strong international campaign. In this article, we will argue that the strategies used by campaigners, based on ethical and legal concerns, must be complemented by classic security-related arguments. Unfortunately, key lessons of the Cold War, including the mutual security benefits of arms control, seem to have been forgotten. Many concepts that are central to arms control—such as stability and verification—are by no means intuitively understood and must apparently be (re-)“learned”. Some of the world’s most important actors have not been exposed to these concepts, e.g. China, but also other players. Deconstructing military expectations regarding autonomous weapons and focusing on a preventive arms control approach could help the currently stalled process to regain the momentum it needs.
Financial Entrepreneurial Ecosystems: An Analysis of Urban and Rural Regions of Norway
Authors: Frimanslund Tore 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBased on the entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) perspective, this paper examines the role of finance and interrelated value-adding activities in ecosystems. The study employs a multiple-case design and interviews with 11 rural and urban innovative start-ups and stakeholders in the Norwegian market for entrepreneurial financing. The analysis disentangles the term recycling of entrepreneurial resources in ecosystems, explained here as a self-enhancing cycle of finance under certain conditions that allows enhancement of the ecosystem and members. The aim is to explain these mechanisms in business-level ecosystems, why they are important, and how they are new to entrepreneurship theories. The study argues that the robustness of ecosystems is characterised by the extent of such activities and how they affect entrepreneurial and regional growth. Bottom-up ecosystems can be spatially scattered and enable start-ups in disadvantageous localities to harvest critical resources from more advantageous places. This study provides a theoretical extension of EEs.