bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Geospatial Tools for Solar Simulation
Authors: León‐Sánchez Camilo , Giannelli Denis , Agugiaro Giorgio , Stoter Jantien 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper performs, describes, and evaluates a comparison of seven software tools (ArcGIS Pro, GRASS GIS, SAGA GIS, CitySim, Ladybug, SimStadt, and UMEP) to calculate solar irradiation. The analysis focuses on data requirements, software usability, and accuracy simulation output. The use case for the comparison is solar irradiation on building surfaces, in particular on roofs. The research involves collecting and preparing spatial and weather data. Two test areas—the Santana district in São Paulo, Brazil, and the Henio rural area in Raalte, the Netherlands—were selected. In both cases, the study area encompasses the vicinity of a weather station. Therefore, the meteorological data from these stations serve as ground truth for the validation of the simulation results. We create several models (raster and vector) to meet the diverse input requirements. We present our findings and discuss the output from the software tools from both quantitative and qualitative points of view. Vector‐based simulation models offer better results than raster‐based ones. However, they have more complex data requirements. Future research will focus on evaluating the quality of the simulation results on vertical and tilted surfaces as well as the calculation of direct and diffuse solar irradiation values for vector‐based methods.
Export diversification and macroeconomic shocks
Authors: Zélity Balázs 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis research explores how export diversification interacts with macroeconomic shocks by investigating how a country's response to aggregate shocks is impacted by its level of export diversification. This is done through the lens of a version of the Melitz (Econometrica, 2003, 71, 1695) model, which is calibrated to five European countries and is solved quantitatively. The welfare effect of shocks to the balance of payments, production fixed costs and domestic productivity is amplified by export diversification, whilst the effect of shocks to trade costs, foreign population, entry fixed costs and foreign productivity is dampened by export diversification. The amplification of shocks, in particular, is a novel finding as the literature generally finds export diversification reduces macroeconomic volatility. The channel for it is how firms' reallocation of sales between domestic and export markets in response to the shock interacts with export diversification.
Singular Integral Equations of Convolution Type With Carleman Shift
Authors: Nagdy A. S. , Hashem KH. M. , Ebrahim H. E. H. 
Published: January 2025

This article discusses a few different types of singular integral equations of the convolution type with Carleman shift in class {0}. By using the theory of Fourier analysis, these equations under consideration are transformed into Riemann–Hilbert boundary value problems for analytic functions with shift and discontinuous coefficients. For such problems, we propose a method different from the classical ones, and we obtain the analytic solutions and the conditions of Noether solvability.MSC2010 Classification: 45E10, 45E05, 30E25
Perceived Healthfulness, Nutrient Content Awareness, Consumption, and Intention to Purchase Selected Ultraprocessed Products Among Adults in South Africa
Authors: Bopape Makoma , De Man Jeroen , Taillie Lindsey Smith , Swart Rina 
Published: January 2025

Objective: To investigate the perceived healthfulness, nutrient content awareness, consumption, and intention to purchase selected ultraprocessed products (UPP) and their sociodemographic determinants.Design: Cross‐sectional study involving secondary data analysis.Setting: This study was conducted in all nine provinces of South Africa.Participants: In total, 1951 adults (18–50 years), with 63.5% females and 66.3% from low socioeconomic group.Methods: Participants were shown A4 images of mock‐branded UPP, with no nutrition information provided. Questions asked were based on the images to determine the nutrient content awareness, healthfulness perception, consumption frequency, and intention to purchase the UPP based on sociodemographic characteristics.Analysis: Descriptive statistics were conducted for nutrient content awareness, perceived healthfulness, consumption, and intention to purchase UPP. Associations with sociodemographic variables were determined using regression analyses: logistic regression for perceived healthfulness and nutrient content awareness, ordinary least square regression for UPP consumption, and intention to purchase was modeled as a latent variable in a multiple indicators multiple cause (MIMIC) model.Results: Over a third of participants (41.8%) were not aware that fruit juice is high in sugar. Only 13% of the participants perceived fruit juice as unhealthy and more than 50% showed the intention to purchase fruit juice, cereals, and yoghurt in the future. More than 50% reported consuming most UPP either daily or weekly. Perceived healthfulness was associated with gender, while UPP consumption was associated with education, age, gender, and being unemployed. Intention to purchase UPP was the only variable associated with socioeconomic status.Conclusion and Implications: Intervention strategies such as simplified front‐of‐pack labeling may have a role in improving nutrition awareness and discouraging UPP consumption.
circ‐ZEB1 Enhances NSCLC Metastasis and Proliferation by Modulating the miR‐491‐5p/EIF5A Axis
Authors: Wang Qi , Ling Shengying , Lv Jia , Wu Lina 
Published: January 2025

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs), covalently closed single‐stranded RNAs, have been implicated in cancer progression. A previous investigation revealed that circ‐ZEB1 is expressed abnormally in liver cancer. However, the roles of circ‐ZEB1 in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are unknown.Methods: In this study, we used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and RT‐qPCR to study circ‐ZEB1 expression in NSCLC cells and tissues. A luciferase reporter assay was performed to validate downstream targets of circ‐ZEB1. Transwell migration, 5‐ethynyl‐20‐deoxyuridine (EdU), and cell counting kit‐8 (CCK8) assays were performed to assess proliferation and migration. In vivo metastasis and tumorigenesis assays were also performed to investigate circ‐ZEB1 functions during NSCLC.Results: Our results showed that circ‐ZEB1 expression was increased in NSCLC tissues and cells. circ‐ZEB1 downregulation suppressed NSCLC cell proliferation as well as migration in vitro and in vivo. Luciferase data confirmed EIF5A and miR‐491‐5p as downstream targets of circ‐ZEB1. EIF5A overexpression and miR‐491‐5p suppression reversed NSCLC cell migration post circ‐ZEB1 silencing.Conclusion: Our collective findings advised that circ‐ZEB1 takes part in the malignant progression through regulating the miR‐491‐5p/EIF5A axis, highlighting its potential as an effective NSCLC therapeutic target.
Gold Nanoparticle Inhibits the Tumor‐Associated Macrophage M2 Polarization by Inhibiting m6A Methylation‐Dependent ATG5/Autophagy in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Hao Yuanyuan , Duan Feng , Dong Xianning , Bi Ran , Wang Yinzhe , Zhu Senqiang , Hu Jinghai 
Published: January 2025

Background: This study aims to study how gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) function in the recruitment and polarization of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) in hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) and castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).Methods: Phorbol ester (PMA)‐treated THP‐1 cells were cocultured with LNCaP or PC3 cells to simulate TAMs. Macrophage M2 polarization levels were detected using flow cytometry and M2 marker determination. ATG5 expression was detected by western blotting. Luciferase reporter assay was used to analyze the N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) site activity of ATG5 3′ untranslated regions (3′‐UTRs). Methylated RNA immune precipitation (MeRIP)–quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to determine the m6A levels at ATG5 3′‐UTR. Xenograft mouse models were used to determine the function of AuNPs in vivo.Results: Macrophages exhibited reduced M2 polarization in both HSPC and CRPC cells after AuNP treatment which was prevented by induction of autophagy. AuNP treatment decreased the m6A levels in the 3′‐UTR of ATG5. Mutational analysis of potential m6A sites within ATG5 3′‐UTR revealed that these sites were required for AuNP regulation, indicating that AuNPs inhibited ATG5 levels in an m6A‐dependent manner. The mouse model revealed that AuNPs significantly reduced the M2 polarization of TAMs in an autophagy‐dependent manner in vivo. This suggests that AuNPs inhibit tumor growth in vivo partially through targeting M2 TAM.Conclusion: The ATG5/autophagy pathway is inhibited by AuNP treatment in an METTL3/m6A‐dependent manner. AuNPs inhibit the TAM M2 polarization in HSPC and CRPC by inhibiting ATG5/autophagy.
The Development of a Vocational Rehabilitation Program to Assist Individuals With MDRTB and TB in Returning to Work
Authors: Soeker Mogammad Shaheed , Jainodien Ayesha 
Published: January 2025

Background: Individuals diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug‐resistant (MDR) TB may struggle to return to work after they have completed a rehabilitation program. Multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) has been seen as a condition that is resistant to treatment, hence causing individuals to be economically in‐active for considerable periods of time.Objective: The aim of the current study was to explore the views of individuals living with MDRTB, individuals with TB, and health professionals treating individuals with TB and MDRTB about the development of a vocational rehabilitation program.Method: The researchers used an exploratory descriptive research design, and semistructured interviews were conducted with five key informants and four participants who were diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and MDRTB. Thematic analysis was used in order to analyse the study findings. The current study is the second of two articles. The first article focused on barriers and facilitators linked to returning to work for individuals living with TB and MDRTB. The current article focuses on the development of a vocational rehabilitation program.Results: The findings of the original study revealed five themes; however, for the purpose of this article, only two themes will be presented, namely, Theme 1: promoting a holistic model and Theme 2: the use of resources for activity engagement. The latter theme contributed to the participant’s view of the development of a vocational rehabilitation program.Conclusion: The study provided a description of the components of a vocational rehabilitation program that has been adapted from the Model of Occupational Self‐Efficacy (MOOSE). The above program has been designed for individuals diagnosed with PTB/MDRTB and has the potential to assist them in returning to work. It is suggested that vocational rehabilitation programs be incorporated into general medical programs that focus on improving the functioning of individuals diagnosed with PTB/MDRTB.
Deciphering the mechanisms of action underlying probiotic properties of Shouchella clausii by a functional genomics approach
Authors: Lashermes A. , Mathieu E. , Marinelli L. , Léjard V. , Dervyn E. , Martin-Gallausiaux C. , Jules M. , Lapaque N. , Doré J. , Multon M.-C. , Greifenberg D.M. , Plomer M. , Righetto Z. , Perez III M. , Blottière H.M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Probiotics are widely used for their health promoting effects, though a lot remain to be discovered, particularly on their mechanisms of action at the molecular level. The functional genomic approach is an appropriate method to decipher how probiotics may influence human cell fate and therefore contribute to their health benefit. In the present work, we focused on Shouchella clausii (formerly named Bacillus then Alkalihalobacillus clausii), a spore-forming bacterium that is commercially available as a probiotic for the prevention and the treatment of intestinal dysbiosis and related gastrointestinal disorders, such as diarrhoea. Several studies have demonstrated that S. clausii treatment modulated inflammatory and immune responses, as well as gut barrier functions. A functional genomic strategy was implemented to decipher the mechanisms by which S. clausii exerts its probiotic effects on human intestinal epithelial cells. To do so, a large genomic DNA fragment library was constructed for each of the four strains: O/C, N/R, SIN and T. A high throughput in vitro screening in human epithelial cells was then conducted, using the reporter gene strategy, targeting the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene expression. After an exhaustive in vitro screening of approximately a thousand clones per library, several clones modulating the NF-κB pathway in the HT-29 reporter cell line were identified. Among clone lysates, 1.1% (O/C), 1.4% (N/R), 2.0% (SIN), and 1.2% (T) were identified as biologically active on immune reporter systems (NF-κB and IL-10 expression). After transposon mutagenesis and a new set of screening and sequencing, 23 coding sequences (CDS) were identified, including one encoding for the glutamine synthetase, associated with NF-κB modulation, and six CDS for IL-10 modulation. The functional genomic strategy that was applied to S. clausii was an original approach to identify gene candidates that may explain the mechanisms of action of probiotics. However, further work is needed to validate the identified leads.
Plurilateralism
Authors: Dimitropoulos Georgios , Chen Richard C. , Chaisse Julien 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Plurilateralism is gaining recognition as an overarching strategy for international economic governance beyond its traditional role in trade negotiations. This approach involves multi-party, sector-specific agreements within international organizations or broader multilateral frameworks. It distinguishes itself from Preferential Trade Agreements and informal coalitions. Plurilateralism focuses on targeted cooperation among a smaller set of members, and has the capacity to foster focused (plurilateral) agreements among a smaller cohort of countries. This mode of governance may bolster the efficacy of existing institutions such as the WTO, although it may also occur in new institutions. However, the potential for increased fragmentation and the risk of sidelining developing nations remain significant concerns. This article examines the influence of plurilateralism and plurilateral agreements on contemporary international economic governance. This article, as well as the broader Special Issue, provides a fresh outlook on the strategic use of plurilateralism, underlining its significance and limitations as a parallel approach to multilateral negotiations in navigating the complex issues of international economic relations.
Plurilateralism and the New Geoeconomics of International Law
Authors: Collins David 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Building upon the acceptance of divergence away from the multilateral geoeconomic order of the Bretton Woods, this article explores the observed and potential role for plurilateral agreements within international economic law. It contemplates some of the theoretical underpinnings of plurilateralism within international economic law, including economic efficiency, fragmentation, and network theory. From there, it examines the key iterations of plurilateralism both within and outside the World Trade Organization. The article offers an assessment of the WTO as a diplomatic forum for the negotiation of new plurilaterals, turning then to a critique of the idea of ‘convergent plurilateralism’ which postulates that overlapping elements within the megaregionals could represent a new alternative to the old era of multilateralism. The article urges that plurilateralism should not be viewed as an inferior model to multilateralism, but rather as one which is more cognizant of the complex realities of geoeconomics which characterize the modern era.
Plurilateralism and Free Trade Agreements
Authors: Lewis Meredith Kolsky 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Plurilateralism has often been discussed as an alternative to multilateral trade agreements concluded through single undertaking/Uruguay Round-style trade negotiations. However, single undertaking-style multilateral trade liberalization is no longer a feasible approach to sustained progress in international trade liberalization, and as such, plurilateralism should not be compared to this conceptualization of multilateral trade liberalization. Plurilateralism should instead be assessed alongside the primary method of trade liberalization of the past 20+ years – free trade agreements (FTAs). This assessment is particularly salient now, when the combination of events such as Brexit, COVID-19 and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine with the ever-increasing urgency to combat climate change, have given rise to repudiations of the Washington Consensus model of trade liberalization in favor of more State involvement and in pursuit of broader goals, as illustrated by the Cornwall Consensus. Meanwhile, although even single topic WTO multilateral negotiations have struggled to conclude, most WTO members are participating in plurilateral Joint Statement Initiative negotiations, and significant experimentation with inclusivity provisions, climate initiatives and digital trade regulation, among other focuses, is occurring outside the WTO in FTAs and non-WTO plurilateral endeavors. This article demonstrates that the WTO tools available are inadequate to operationalize international economic cooperation to achieve modern objectives and perversely make it easier for Members to form discriminatory external agreements rather than internal inclusive ones such as the JSIs. It also discusses possible next steps for JSIs given the challenges in incorporating them into the WTO.
Plurilateralism in International Tax Law: a Unique Chance for the UN Framework Convention
Authors: Hongler Peter , Habich Simon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The international tax regime has developed for more than a hundred years. While it has been dominated by double tax treaties, more recently the OECD has brought forward various initiatives which add significant complexity to the regime. At the same time the strong position of the OECD and the non-inclusiveness of its decision-making bodies have caused dissatisfaction with the regime. The most recent initiative on a United Nations Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation (UNFCITC) is the result of this policy rejection. Considering the advantages and disadvantages offered by plurilateral agreements, inspired by the WTO system, plurilateralism could prove to be very valuable to overcome existing flaws of the current regime. Indeed, the UNFCITC if designed carefully could help to overcome many weaknesses of the current international tax regime and become the most meaningful development of the century in international tax law.
Confronting Fragmentation: a Quest for a Plurilateral Appellate Mechanism under the WTO
Authors: Zhou Weihuan , Crochet Victor 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Fragmentation in the international trading system, following the proliferation of free trade agreements (FTAs), has been a longstanding phenomenon. However, fragmentation in the systems for settling trade disputes has emerged only recently. The demise of the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization (WTO) has caused a gradual change of preference of governments as to where and how to resolve disputes. Outside the WTO, an increasing number of disputes are brought under FTAs. Within the WTO, the Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement (MPIA) is leading to fragmentation. This trend is fragmenting the interpretation and enforcement of trade rules, thereby diminishing predictability. Although the MPIA has to some extent maintained an appellate system, it is not a typical plurilateral and does not provide a long-term solution to the Appellate Body crisis. A critical mass-based, open plurilateral under the multilateral framework might offer an alternative path to rebuild an effective appellate mechanism.
The Dawn of a New Era
Authors: Hodgson Mélida , Duggal Kabir , Horne Katelyn , Pirnia Ana S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article discusses the promising role of plurilateral agreements in international investment, particularly how these agreements can integrate ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) criteria into the investment protection landscape. Existing investment agreements have been slow to incorporate ESG considerations, which are becoming increasingly important due to global focus on human rights and environmental protection. At the same time, there is increasing resistance toward traditional bilateral and multilateral investment agreements by States concerned with an encroachment on their right to regulate on issues concerning the public welfare. Plurilateral agreements, which involve a subset of countries focusing on specific issues, offer a potential solution to embed ESG standards within investment arbitration frameworks. Plurilateral agreements offer a more flexible and rapid mechanism for incorporating ESG standards compared to more comprehensive multilateral agreements. Plurilateral agreements could also begin to replace bilateral investment agreements or bring an additional layer of uniformity with respect to the complex web of bilateral investment treaties currently in force.
The Journals Zhongguo xiangcun yanjiu and Rural China: Retrospect and Prospect
Authors: Huang Philip C. C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Rural China has long been a rather sensitive subject within China. For that reason, our Chinese journal Zhongguo xiangcun yanjiu, published inside China, has faced some serious difficulties. By contrast, the bilingual international version of our journal Rural China: An International Journal of History and Social Science, published by E. J. Brill in the Netherlands, has long been very stable. In recent years, the Chinese countryside has in fact seen substantial new accomplishments and development. Today, the subject of “rural China” actually needs fundamental rethinking to incorporate the new developments that have occurred. It also requires that we pay attention to the multiple forces and influences that have come from outside the ruralities – we must no longer “merely study rural China qua rural China.”
The structural modifications and techno-functional properties of yellow mealworm protein concentrate is influenced by the presence of residual lipids
Authors: Berthelot U. , Mendes A.C. , Queiroz L.S. , Marie R. , Makarowski A. , Richard C. , Brisson G. , Casanova F. , Doyen A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this study, we compared the impact of partial and total defatting by using hexane and chloroform-methanol respectively, on the lipid and protein profiles, protein structure, and techno-functional properties of a yellow mealworm protein concentrate to address the influence of residuals lipids. The results showed significant changes in the particle size distribution (bimodal versus monomodal), surface hydrophobicity (49.35 vs 21.74 a.u.), and secondary structure of the proteins following defatting. Phospholipids accounted for 60% of the residual lipids content. Although residual lipids after Soxhlet extraction did not notably influence protein solubility except at pH 6 (49.74% after total defatting compared to 59.28% after partial defatting), they negatively impacted foaming properties (foam stability of 100% vs 65% after 30 min) and induced higher emulsifying properties (3.23 vs 2.57 for emulsion stability index) of the mealworm protein extract. Consequently, the residual lipids content after Soxhlet extraction of mealworm protein ingredients appears as an important parameter to consider in determining techno-functional properties.