bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finite and non-finite verbs in political news: Israeli and Palestinians issues
Authors: Gani Yoshua Hardjoni , Alam Beny , Lutfiyanti Winda 
Published: August 2022

Background: For centuries, newspapers have delivered news to the reading public informing important events of a day. Specifically, the political news nowadays is more relaxed and popular than other sections, not to mention that it is also presented in an interesting and serious manner.
Purpose: This research aims to classify and determine the verbs whether they are finite or non-finite.
Design and methods: The subjects of the research are political news of “The Jakarta Post” newspaper which have taken and collected from two articles published on Monday, January 27th, 2020 and Tuesday, January 28th, 2020, with the focus on news related to “Donald Trump’s issues between Israeli and Palestinians”. The method used in the research is descriptive qualitative methodology. The main theory of this research are Greenbaum and Nelson (2009), Burton-Roberts (2011), and Lobeck and Denham (2014). The steps in analyzing the data include: (1) collecting the data, (2) categorizing the collected data into their own classifications, (3) analyzing the data, (4) determining the data whether they are finite or non-finite verbs, and finally (5) concluding the data.
Results: The results of the research shows that from the total of two hundred and seventy two findings, there are one hundred and twenty-eight data of finite verbs (47%) and one hundred and forty-four data of non-finite verbs which then are divided into thirty-one –to infinitives (12%), twenty-six bare infinitives (10%), twenty-three passive participles (8%), thirty –ing participles (11%), twelve passive participle forms of be (4%), nine progressive participle forms of be (3%), and thirteen perfect participle forms of have (5%).
Euphemism types in the Washington Times online political articles
Authors: Jaganegara Haidar , Arvian Elsan , Noryatin Yeni 
Published: August 2022

Background: There is a situation when people are discussing topics that are considered sensitive which labeled vulgar or inconsiderate such as death, religion, sex, racial issues or politics, the use of euphemism is very useful. By using the euphemism, it can turn unmentionable words into mentionable and less offensive. Turning the unmentionable or bad words into mentionable or good words that make euphemism give rise to semantic change through changing the sense of words.
Purpose: The aim of this research is to find the types of euphemism in The Washington Times online political articles.
Design and methods: This research applied descriptive qualitative method, while the data were collected by close reading and observing the words, phrases or clauses that contains the euphemism types in The Washington Times online political articles. This research applies the theory of Allan and Burridge for euphemism types
Results: As the results of representative data, the types of euphemism found in the articles are 3 metaphors, 1 remodeling, 9 circumlocutions, 1 abbreviation, 2 one-for-one substitutions, and 1 hyperbole. All of the euphemism types in this research are often used as the substitute expression in order to have the positive connotation and to save the readers from unpleasant topics or issues.
Serial image media for writing narrative text skills
Authors: Lestari Elisabeth Rosalinda Putri 
Published: August 2022

Background: Using the media, the students are able to do proper sorting and treatment in learning activities.
Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of the application of serial image media on writing narrative text skills.
Design and methods: This research uses a quantitative approach. The type used is a Quasi Experimental Design research, this design has a control group, but does not fully function to control the external variables that affect the implementation of the experiment. The research design used is the Non Equivalent Control Group Design.
Results: The result showed that the experimental group obtained an average score of 82.86 and the control group obtained an average score of 71.18. the use of serial image media has a positive effect on writing narrative text skills of stu-dents in grade V Cipinang Besar Utara 7 Elementary school.
Empowering reading and writing skills of primary students with contextual teaching learning approach
Authors: Nurfadila Atika 
Published: August 2022

Background: To some students, learning Indonesian is very boring especially for students who are not used to read and write.
Purpose: This study aims to improve the Indonesian Language Learning Outcomes in grade II students at Sukajadi 02 Elementary School in the Indonesian language subject.
Design and methods: This classroom action research refers to the Kemmis and Mc Taggart Model which is commonly referred to as the spiral model consisting of four stages. The planning stage, the action stage, the observation stage, the reflection stage.
Results: The result showed that Through the Contextual Teaching and Learning Approach, learning Indonesian in reading and writing is easier to apply in everyday life that students encounter. It can improve Indonesian language learning outcomes in literacy.
Hypertextuality representation in a novel of J. Barnes: a history of the world in 10½ chapters
Authors: Shlipatska Anna 
Published: August 2022

Background: The 21st century is marked by a drastic development of computer technology, which caused the growing interest in the hypertext. Despite the fact that it is mainly associated with the informational technology, the hypertext has also been a center of cross-disciplinary researches, as well as in the field of text linguistics.
Purpose: Hence, the present article deals with the hypertextuality phenomenon in the emotive prose.
Design and methods: By implementing the methods of comparative, structural, contextual, and intertextual analysis, the compositional and linguistic means of its representation are investigated on the basis of the novel by J. Barnes A History of the World in 10 ½ Chapters.
Results: Julian Barnes is one of the most popular contemporary British writers. He is considered a postmodernism icon, whereas an American writer and critic J. C. Oates calls him a “pre-postmodernist”. He is an author to more than 20 novels. A History of the World in 10 ½ Chapters (1989) is a novel where the author experimented with a form. The book consists of ten novellas and Parenthesis. As far as the novel is considered an icon of postmodernistic literature, the revelation of a hypertext system there makes it possible to claim hypertextuality a distinctive marker of a postmodernistic perception of the world.
Use of teacher's language style in the grade 3 learning process of Ciheuleut 1 Elementary School Bogor
Authors: Yusyifa Yuhan 
Published: August 2022

Background: the communication pattern applied by the teacher becomes a vital thing to be discussed.
Purpose: This study aims to find the use of the language style used by the teacher.
Design and methods: The research approach used is a qualitative approach. The research method used is content analysis. The data analysis of this research was carried out through the Miles and Huberman flow model consisting of: 1) identification, 2) data reduction, 3) data presentation, 4) conclusion drawing and verification, and 5) final conclusions and recommendations.
Results: third grade teachers at SD Negeri Ciheuleut 1 in communicating with students tend to prioritize conveying messages over other things. What is meant here is close communication so that messages from the teacher will be easier and faster to be understood by students.
Examining teacher-made English test in a language school
Authors: Effendi Taufiq , Mayuni Ilza 
Published: August 2022

Background: Multiple-choice, teacher-made English tests have constantly been popular due to their immediate alignment to classroom instructions. However, ample studies have indicated the need for continuous evaluation of their quality to allow evidence-based feedbacks for sustained betterment of assessment practices.
Purpose: This study sought to examine the quality of a multiple-choice, teacher-made English formative informal assessment for four classes of high school students of an English course in Madura, Indonesia.Design and methods: Data were collected from the test results of eighty students and put in an excel document. The data were then analysed with a computer application called Conquest to analyse the responses of each of the students on every item of the test. Based on this item response analysis, it turned out that the test could have achieved a higher credibility if necessary, moderations had been taken.
Results: The findings recommend that schools as well as teacher institutions need to provide necessary trainings to ensure in-service teachers and pre-service teachers possess adequate test development and test analysis expertise for continuous improvement of the learning, teaching and assessment practices.
Error analysis on abstracts of the students' final writing projects
Authors: Rahmi Gita 
Published: August 2022

Background: Writing final project is one of the requirements for graduation from the college and abstract is one of the elements that students need to write too. Students' errors in writing abstracts need to be analyzed.
Purpose: This research was conducted to find out errors made by the students.
Design and Methods: In this qualitative research, the data were collected from students' abstracts of their final writings. There were six abstracts from six students collected and investigated. The data were analyzed by using theory from Dulay, Burt and Krashen (1982). The errors were classified as omission, addition, misformation and misordering.
Results: Based on the research, it was found that the students had 34 errors in their abstracts. The students made 10 errors of omission, 2 errors of addition, 20 errors of misformation and 2 errors for misordering. The result of this research is expected to help the lecturers find out the solutions to overcome the errors in students’ writing. For the students themselves, it is expected that the research shows them the common errors and difficulties in academic writing, especially abstract.
Parental discourse strategies in Indonesian multilingual families
Authors: Pujiawati Nia , Riady Yasir 
Published: August 2022

Background: In Indonesia, the amount of family speaking more than one language recently increase in intensity. They not only speak their official language and mother tongue for daily communication, but do they also be fluent in another foreign language for example English. Purpose: The present study closely examines spontaneous interactions between parents and children and explore the family members’ efforts to shape children’s foreign language use and learning outcomes. The focus is on the parental discourse strategies which presents a sequential analysis of the child’s language mixing in interaction which each parent and how the parent reacts to that mixing. Design and methods: To obtain the data, open-ended questionnaires were sent out to five families in which the children actively use English in their daily conversation. Using Lanza’s (1997) parental discourse strategies. Results: the result reveals that parents mostly follow code-switching in negotiating and enforcing their children to maintain their communication in English.
Identification of Malay culture in Rarra characters in Nussa Rarra animation
Authors: Karmenita Viona , Helmanto Fachri 
Published: August 2022

Background: Nussa Rarra animation is a children's animation in which there are many lessons that can be taken for everyday life. Both in terms of behavior, humility, and leads to religion. In this animation, of course, there is a culture attached to the animated characters in it.
Purpose: This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the Malay culture contained in the character of Rarra in the animation of Nussa Rarra
Design and methods: This research was conducted using a qualitative approach. The type of research used is content analysis method.
Results: The results of this study indicate that in Rarra's character there is polite behavior, soft spoken, honest, and someone who is so very friendly, this is assumed to be a form of Malay culture. And it can be concluded that there are several forms of Malay culture that are applied to the character of Rarra in the Nussa Rarra animation, namely politeness, gentle speech, honesty, and a friendly attitude.
Analysis of cultural values in the folklore of Putri Mandalika
Authors: Al-Madia Fersa Maulida , Ichsan Muhammad 
Published: August 2022

Background: Mandalika is used as an international event, where the name of the place comes from Lombok folklore.
Purpose: This study aims to determine the cultural values ​​of the folk tale entitled Putri Mandalika which is found in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara.
Design & Methods: This research was conducted using a qualitative approach to content analysis methods with descriptive analysis techniques. The data source used is a document in the form of a book entitled Putri Mandalika folklore.
Results: The results of the study revealed that there are three groups of cultural values ​​contained in the Putri Mandalika folklore, namely, cultural values ​​of human relations with nature, cultural values ​​of human relations with society, and cultural values ​​of human relations with other people.
analysis of the onomatopoeia in “COCO” movie
Authors: Sabrina Fira , Puteri Winanda Aghniya 
Published: August 2022

Background: when people watch movies, they not only enjoy the pictures and the action but also related to linguistic expression. One of them is onomatopoeia, which makes dialogue in the film becomes more interesting. Purpose: This research aims to describe kind of onomatopoeic words used in the COCO movie. Design and methods: This method of this research was a descriptive qualitative research. The data were analyzed for collecting the primary and secondary onomatopoeia. In collecting the data for the analysis the source data was taken from the movie entitled “COCO”. In collecting data, at this step, there were some steps that would be applied by the researchers: 1) Watch the movie, 2) Identify the dialogues and action which had Onomatopoeia from the movie, 3) List the Onomatopoeic words by marking and selecting the onomatopoeic words from the movie by applying note taking technique Results: this research revealed 20 onomatopoeic expressions or words and these 20 expressions were divided into 3 classifications, namely the first classification is onomatopoeic words, the second classification is onomatopoeic meaning, and the third classification is contextual meaning. Furthermore, this study exposed 9 primary onomatopoeia and 11 secondary onomatopoeia from the data. Based on the classification of onomatopoeia with the voice described, the researchers found 8 human voice data, 1 animal voice data, 11 other sounds.
Agglutinative language in bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Febrian Gilang , Novitasari Ulfa , Hidayat Arif 
Published: August 2022

Background: Morphology, defined as the internal structure of words, has always played an important role in linguistic typology, and it is with the morphological classification of languages into fusional, agglutinative, and isolation This paper will take one language as an example or object that is Indonesian language, and analysis the morphological typology characteristics in the Indonesian language. Purpose: This research is to find out the all characteristic of the morphology typology and analysis Indonesian language based on the agglutinative language because Indonesian language has same type with agglutinative language. Design and methods: This paper using descriptive qualitative method. The author analysis all of morphology typology branch especially agglutinative. To support analysis, the author using theory from other journal to strength the result of analysis. Results: The result show the Indonesian language is included to agglutinative language based on the analysis.
Figurative language in songs for English Learning
Authors: Putri Elvara Artamevya Raharjo , Effendi Taufiq , Syafrudin Syarifah Azharina 
Published: August 2022

Background: Songs have long been popular literary works for learning English. One way is by paying attention to figurative language used in songs popular among EFL learners. Purpose: This study was aimed at identifying the types of figurative language used in songs recently popular among Indonesian youth. Design and methods: The data were purposively collected from a sample of three songs of a famous album. The data were qualitatively analysed by using Gorys Keraf’s theory. Results: Finally, it is recommended that types of figurative language need to be taught to and learned by EFL learners to help enhance their comprehension when dealing with popular literary works like songs.
Effect of Seed Rate on Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) under Front Line Demonstrations in Poonch
Authors: Gupta Ajay 
Published: August 2022

Among several crop management factors sowing method, seeding rate and selection of appropriate genotype have prime roles in affecting wheat productivity. Most of the times, farmers are in practice of using excess seed rate to the tune of 160kg/ha against recommended 120 kg/ha. This affects crop production due to competition among plants resulting from higher plant density for available resources. Demonstration on farmer’s field is a proven way to demonstrate the technology to increase the adoption rate among farmers. Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Poonch therefore conducted On-farm demonstrations to popularize the importance of optimum seed rate in wheat. The investigation was carried out in the Poonch Block in five village panchayats. Eighty front line demonstrations on wheat variety WH 1080 were laid using 120 kg seed per hectare. Seed rate of 120 kg/ha produced more numbers of grains per ear (52) and 1000 grain weight (38.48 g) and grain yield (33.8 quintals/ha); while for seed rate of 160 kg/ha less numbers of grains per ear (44) and 1000 grain weight (38.04 g) and grain yield (27.2 quintals/ha) were obtained. Optimum seed rate @ 120 kg/ha also gave highest net returns per hectare (Rs. 41,592) with benefit cost ratio (3.02); whereas, farmer’s practice of broadcasting higher seed rate @ 160kg/ha recorded lower net returns (Rs. 28,448) and benefit cost ratio (2.32). It is, therefore, recommended that wheat should be sown with seed rate of 120 kg/ha for higher yield and net returns.
Soybean Based Cropping Systems in Central India: Production Growth and Instability Analysis
Authors: Mishra Shruti , Nahatkar S. B. , Laxkar Harshita 
Published: August 2022

Aim: Soybean is one of the most substantial contributors to the Indian edible oil pool and Madhya Pradesh is its dominant contributor necessities the study on growth and instability of soybean based cropping systems including wheat and chickpea as Rabi crop in the system in Madhya Pradesh.
Study and Design: The estimates of compound growth rate and instability were worked out for the period of 32 years (1988-89 to 2019-20).
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in nine major soybean growing districts having more than 75 percent Kharif cropped area under soybean crop including Bhopal (84%), Sehore (82%), Rajgarh (82%), Indore (91%), Ujjain (98%), Mandsaur (78%), Ratlam (79%), Shajapur including Aagar Malwa (95%) and Harda (75%) were purposively selected for the present study of Madhya Pradesh state by taking wheat and gram as Rabi crop in the system.
Methodology: The exponential trend equation was used to estimate the compound growth rate. Using the Cuddy Della Valle Instability Index (CDVI) the risk was estimated for the soybean crop's area, production, and productivity.
Results: The results of the study reveal that in the state of Madhya Pradesh positive and significant growth rate in the area, production, and productivity of soybean based cropping systems i.e. soybean, wheat after soybean, and chickpea after soybean were observed. On the contrary growth in productivity of soybean was positive but it is insignificant. Most of the selected districts also lie in low instability zone for production components of soybean based cropping systems.
Conclusion: Approximately 30 per cent of the soybean production in the state was in the range of low range of production growth with low to medium instability. The lower production growth was mainly due to insignificant growth in productivity in mentioned districts. Thus, major emphasis should be given to increasing the productivity of soybean by an improved package of practices along with recommended variety according to an agro-climatic situation.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Peer Assisted Learning Strategy in Solving Mathematical Word Problems: An Action Research with Grade Six Students
Authors: Dorji Langa , Darjay Tshering 
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of peer assisted learning strategy in solving mathematical word problems of grade six in a general classroom. A pre-test and post-test experimental research design was employed involving 8 students in the control group and 8 students in the experimental group respectively. Subject achievement test was administered for both the groups to determine the differences in their learning achievements before the intervention. Peer Assisted Learning strategy (PALS) was used as an instructional strategy. Mathematical word problems solving was taught using PALS in the treatment group while the control group was taught using a conventional method. A t-test for the pre-test revealed that there was no significant mean difference between the two groups, indicating a homogenous learning ability at the beginning (p=0.802). However, the post-test analysis revealed a statistical significant difference between the mean scores of experimental group (M=19.2) than the control group (M=10.9) at p=.00, indicating the improvement of students’ mathematical word problem solving skills due to the treatment of PALS. Thus, it is commendable that PALS can be used to help develop academic and social skills.
Comparative Analysis of Some Trace Metals in Municipal and Spring Water from Makerere University and Selected Springs in Bunga, Uganda
Authors: Ntuwa Ronald , Onen Patrick , Baguma Gabson , Niringiyimana Eric , Byaruhanga Ivan , Otema Thomas , Ampaire Wycliffe , Ogenrwot Denish Adolfo , Ocira Daniel 
Published: August 2022

Aims: Access to clean and safe water is a challenge globally. This study assessed the levels of three trace metals (iron, copper and chromium) and chlorine in water samples from municipal water supply points in Makerere University and springs from Bunga, Uganda.
Study Design: This research employed a quantitative analytical method.
Place and Duration of Study: Samples were collected from five different sites of Makerere University halls and Bunga springs, Kampala. This study was undertaken between May 2021 and October 2021.
Methodology: Trace metal content and free chlorine of the water samples were determined and calibrated using multiparameter Palintest 7100 photometer.
Results: Analytical results indicated that the average iron, copper and chromium and chlorine content of the tap water samples from the municipal supply system were 0.0125 ± 0.00433 mg/L, 0.155 ± 0.0384 mg/L, 0.0325 ± 0.01479 mg/L and 3.045 ± 0.180623 mg/L, respectively. The corresponding mean values for water samples from Bunga springs were 0.0080 ± 0.0109 mg/L, 0.0124 ± 0.2019 mg/L, 0.056 ± 0.02073 mg/L and 0.00 ± 0.00 mg/L, respectively. These average values were within the maximum permissible limits of 0.3 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L and 0.05 mg/L for iron, copper and chromium in drinking water as recommended by the World Health Organization. However, springs A and B had chromium concentrations above the recommended value of 0.05 mg/L.
Conclusion: Trace metal and chlorine content of the sampled water were within compliance limits except for chromium which exceeded at springs A and B in Bunga, Kampala.