bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the use of the Red Lotus Critical Health Promotion Model as a pedagogical framework on health promotion graduates' professional practice: A mixed methods study
Authors: O'Hara Lily , Taylor Jane 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIssue AddressedThe Red Lotus Critical Health Promotion Model (RLCHPM) is designed to support critical health promotion practice. This study investigated the impact of the use of the RLCHPM as a pedagogical framework for competency‐based university curricula on the practice of graduates from health promotion programs from an Australian regional university.MethodsA mixed methods study was undertaken, including an online survey of all 195 graduates from 2008 to 2016, followed by semi‐structured interviews with a subset of respondents.ResultsThere were 95 survey respondents and 10 interviewees. More than half of the survey respondents reported that the model impacted health promotion programs they are involved in, however, less than a quarter felt it impacted workplace policies. The impact was significantly higher for those with higher levels of knowledge about, confidence in using, and perception of utility of the RLCHPM, and stronger alignment of their practice with critical health promotion values and principles. Graduates' embodiment of the model's values and principles in practice enhanced the impact of the model. Factors that limited the impact included participants' implicit use of components of the model without explicit reference to the model, and the incongruence between participants' professional practice ideals and those of their workplace context.ConclusionsThe use of the RLCHPM as a pedagogical framework for university health promotion programs positively impacted graduates' practice within the Australian context.So What?The RLCHPM could be used as a pedagogical framework in universities to develop competency‐based critical health promotion curricula to enable graduates to progress critical health promotion practice.
Using machine learning to improve predictions and provide insight into fluvial sediment transport
Authors: Lund J. William , Groten Joel T. , Karwan Diana L. , Babcock Chad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA thorough understanding of fluvial sediment transport is critical to addressing many environmental concerns such as exacerbated flooding, degradation of aquatic habitat, excess nutrients, and the economic challenges of restoring aquatic systems. Fluvial sediment samples are integral for addressing these environmental concerns but cannot be collected at every river and time of interest. Therefore, to gain a better understanding for rivers where direct measurements have not been made, extreme gradient boosting machine learning (ML) models were developed and trained to predict suspended sediment and bedload from sampling data collected in Minnesota, United States (U.S.), by the U.S. Geological Survey. Approximately 400 watershed (full upstream area), catchment (nearby landscape), near‐channel, channel, and streamflow features were retrieved or developed from multiple sources, reduced to approximately 30 uncorrelated features, and used in the final ML models. The results indicate suspended sediment and bedload ML models explain approximately 70% of the variance in the datasets. Important features used in the models were interpreted with Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) plots, which provided insight into sediment transport processes. The most important features in the models were developed to normalize streamflow by the 2‐year recurrence interval and quantify the rate of change in streamflow (slope), which helped account for sediment hysteresis. Generally, this study also showed a combination of mostly watershed and catchment geospatial features were important in ML models that predict sediment transport from physical samples. This study is a promising step forward in making fluvial sediment transport predictions using machine learning models trained by physically collected samples. The approach developed here can be used wherever similar datasets exists and will be useful for landscape and water management.
Large‐scale lateral saturated soil hydraulic conductivity as a metric for the connectivity of subsurface flow paths at hillslope scale
Authors: Pirastru Mario , Iovino Massimo , Marrosu Roberto , Di Prima Simone , Giadrossich Filippo , Awada Hassan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLateral saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, Ks,l, is the soil property governing subsurface water transfer in hillslopes, and the key parameter in many numerical models simulating hydrological processes at the hillslope and catchment scales. Likewise, the hydrological connectivity of the lateral flow paths plays a significant role in determining the rate of the subsurface flow at various spatial scales. This study investigates the relationship between Ks,l and hydrological connectivity at the hillslope spatial scale. Ks,l was determined by the subsurface flow rates intercepted by drains and water table depths observed in a well network. The hydrological connectivity was evaluated by the synchronicity among water table peaks, and between these and the peaks of the drained flow. Rainfall and soil moisture were used to investigate the influence of the transient hydrological soil condition on connectivity and Ks,l. As the synchronicity of the water table response between wells increased, the lag times between the peaks of water levels and those of the drained subsurface flow decreased. Moreover, the most synchronic water table rises determined the highest drainage rates. The relationships between Ks,l and water table depths were highly non‐linear, with a sharp increase in the values for water table levels close to the soil surface. Estimated Ks,l values for the full saturated soil were in the order of thousands of mm h−1, suggesting the activation of macropores in the root zone. The Ks,l values determined at the peak of the drainage events were correlated with the indicators of synchronicity. The sum of cumulative rainfall and antecedent soil moisture was correlated with the connectivity indicators and Ks,l. We suggest that, for simulating realistic processes at the hillslope scale, the hydrological connectivity could be implicitly considered in hydrological modelling through an evaluation of Ks,l at the same spatial scale.
High energy superstable hybrid capacitor with a self‐regulated Zn/electrolyte interface and 3D graphene‐like carbon cathode
Authors: Chodankar Nilesh R. , Patil Swati J. , Lee Sangjin , Lee Jaeho , Hwang Seung‐Kyu , Shinde Pragati A. , Bagal Indrajit V. , Karekar Smita V. , Seeta Rama Raju Ganji , Shanmugam Ranjith Kugalur , Dubal Deepak P. , Huh Yun‐Suk , Han Young‐Kyu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRechargeable aqueous zinc ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs), as an up‐and‐comer aqueous electrochemical energy storage system, endure in their infancy because of the substandard reversibility of Zn anodes, structural deterioration of cathode materials, and narrow electrochemical stability window. Herein, a scalable approach is described that addresses Zn‐anode/electrolyte interface and cathode materials associated deficiencies and boosts the electrochemical properties of ZIHCs. The Zn‐anode/electrolyte interface is self‐regulated by alteration of the traditional Zn2+ electrolyte with Na‐based supporting salt without surrendering the cost, safety, and green features of the Zn‐based system which further validates the excellent reversibility over 1100 h with suppressed hydrogen evolution. The deficits of cathode materials were overcome by using a high‐mass loaded, oxygen‐rich, 3D, multiscaled graphene‐like carbon (3D MGC) cathode. Due to the multiscaled texture, high electronic conductivity, and oxygen‐rich functional groups of 3D MGC, reversible redox capacitance was obtained with a traditional adsorption/desorption mechanism. Prototype ZIHCs containing the modified electrolyte and an oxygen‐rich 3D MGC cathode resulted in battery‐like specific energy (203 Wh kg−1 at 1.6 A g−1) and supercapacitor‐type power capability (4.9 kW kg−1 at 8 A g−1) with outstanding cycling durability (96.75% retention over 30 000 cycles at 10 A g−1). These findings pave the way toward the utilization of highly efficient ZIHCs for practical applications.image
Impact of Total Hip Replacements on the Incidence of Hip Fractures in Norway During 1999–2019. A Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) Study
Authors: Kjeldgaard Helena Kames , Meyer Haakon E. , O'Flaherty Martin , Apalset Ellen M. , Dahl Cecilie , Emaus Nina , Fenstad Anne Marie , Furnes Ove , Gjertsen Jan-Erik , Hoff Mari , Schei Berit , Søgaard Anne Johanne , Tell Grethe S. , Holvik Kristin 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
The knowledge about why hip fracture rates in Norway have declined is sparse. Concurrent with decreasing hip fracture rates, the rates of total hip replacements (THRs) have increased. We wanted to investigate if hip fracture rates continued to decline, and whether the increase in THRs had any influence on this decline, assuming that living with a hip prosthesis precludes fracture of the operated hip. Information on hip fractures in Norway 1999–2019 was available from the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) hip fracture database and population size were available in official population tables from Statistics Norway. Primary THRs (for any cause except hip fracture) 1989–2019 were obtained from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register. We calculated the annual age-standardized incidence rates of hip fracture by sex for the period 1999–2019. The hip fracture rates in a scenario with no hip prostheses were calculated by subtracting 0.5 persons from the population at risk for each prevalent hip prosthesis, considering that each person has two hips at risk of fracture. We estimated how much of the decline could be attributed to the increased prevalence of hip prostheses. From 1999 to 2019, age-standardized incidence rates of hip fracture decreased by 27% in women and 20% in men. The rates remained stable in those under 70 years and decreased in those 70 years and above. Excluding replaced hips from the population at risk led to higher incidence rates, and this impact was considerably larger at higher ages. The increased prevalence of hip prostheses over the period accounted for approximately 18% (20% in women and 11% in men) of the observed decline in hip fracture rates. In conclusion, the incidence of hip fractures continued to decline, and the increasing number of people living with hip prostheses contributed significantly to the observed declining time trends. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Protective effect of zinc supplementation on tricalcium phosphate particles‐induced inflammatory osteolysis in mice
Authors: Yang Pei , Zhang Tao , Zhu Ruirong , Shen Yuchen , Pan Yuefang , Zhang Yun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractZinc (Zn), an essential trace element, can stimulate bone formation and inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption, which controls the growth and maintenance of bone. However, the effect of Zn supplementation on tricalcium phosphate (TCP) wear particles‐induced osteolysis remains unknown. Here, we doped Zn into TCP particles (ZnTCP), and explore the protective effects of Zn on TCP particles‐induced osteolysis in vivo. TCP particles and ZnTCP particles were embedded under the periosteum around the middle suture of the mouse calvaria. After 2 weeks, blood, the periosteal tissue, and the calvaria were collected to determine serum levels of Zn and osteocalcin, pro‐inflammatory cytokines, bone biochemical markers, osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption area, and to explain its mechanism. Data revealed that Zn significantly prevented TCP particles‐induced osteoclastogenesis and bone loss, and increased bone turnover. The Zn supplement remarkably suppressed the release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, and IL‐6. Immunoblotting demonstrated that Zn alleviated expression levels of ER stress‐related proteins such as glucose‐regulated protein 78 (GRP78), PKR‐like ER kinase (PERK), phospho‐PERK (p‐PERK), eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), phospho‐eIF2α (p‐eIF2α), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), inositol‐requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1‐α) and transcription factor X‐box binding protein spliced (XBP1s), leading to decreasing the ratios of p‐PERK/PERK and p‐eIF2α/eIF2α. Taken together, Zn supplementation strongly prevents TCP particles‐induced periprosthetic osteolysis via inhibition of the ER stress pathway, and it may be a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of aseptic prosthesis loosening.
From wasteland to oasis: Transformative effects of trees on farmland and livelihoods
Authors: Nienkerke Inga , Patt Anthony 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn face of today's alarming trend of resource degradation and reversal of poverty reduction, path‐breaking strategies are needed. However, there is limited evidence to inform the design of policies. We scrutinized an agricultural development program that follows a holistic approach and includes the cultivation of fruit trees, to tackle this natural resource degradation and human vulnerability nexus. Can it transform so‐called wastelands and lift marginalized smallholders out of poverty? The geographic rollout of the program produced a natural experiment that allowed for an evaluation design with treatment and control groups and a survey of 2000 households randomly sampled from 188,231 participants in four Indian states, covering geographically diverse areas. This is the first time that the livelihood impacts of such farming systems have been analyzed on such a large scale and over a 23‐year period. Our results show that degraded farmland can be transformed into green assets if poverty alleviation and environmental regeneration are tackled in a holistic manner. We find a clear and significant trend in the improvement of socio‐economic factors, including higher income and positive life changes, as well as ecological benefits. By assessing the potential of trees to reverse environmental degradation and alleviate chronic poverty, this study provides much‐needed evidence for the science‐policy dialog of development programs. This video (3 minutes) gives an impression of the context of the study (VideoS1).
MED27, SLC6A7, and MPPE1 Variants in a Complex Neurodevelopmental Disorder with Severe Dystonia
Authors: Reid Kimberley M. , Spaull Robert , Salian Smrithi , Barwick Katy , Meyer Esther , Zhen Juan , Hirata Hiromi , Sheipouri Diba , Benkerroum Hind , Gorman Kathleen M. , Papandreou Apostolos , Simpson Michael A. , Hirano Yoshinobu , Farabella Irene , Topf Maya , Grozeva Detelina , Carss Keren , Smith Martin , Pall Hardev , Lunt Peter , De Gressi Susanna , Kamsteeg Erik‐Jan , Haack Tobias B. , Carr Lucinda , Guerreiro Rita , Bras Jose , Maher Eamonn R. , Scott Richard H. , Vandenberg Robert J. , Raymond F. Lucy , Chong Wui K. , Sudhakar Sniya , Mankad Kshitij , Reith Maarten E. , Campeau Philippe M. , Harvey Robert J. , Kurian Manju A. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundDespite advances in next generation sequencing technologies, the identification of variants of uncertain significance (VUS) can often hinder definitive diagnosis in patients with complex neurodevelopmental disorders.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to identify and characterize the underlying cause of disease in a family with two children with severe developmental delay associated with generalized dystonia and episodic status dystonicus, chorea, epilepsy, and cataracts.MethodsCandidate genes identified by autozygosity mapping and whole‐exome sequencing were characterized using cellular and vertebrate model systems.ResultsHomozygous variants were found in three candidate genes: MED27, SLC6A7, and MPPE1. Although the patients had features of MED27‐related disorder, the SLC6A7 and MPPE1 variants were functionally investigated. SLC6A7 variant in vitro overexpression caused decreased proline transport as a result of reduced cell‐surface expression, and zebrafish knockdown of slc6a7 exhibited developmental delay and fragile motor neuron morphology that could not be rescued by L‐proline transporter–G396S RNA. Lastly, patient fibroblasts displayed reduced cell‐surface expression of glycophosphatidylinositol‐anchored proteins linked to MPPE1 dysfunction.ConclusionsWe report a family harboring a homozygous MED27 variant with additional loss‐of‐function SLC6A7 and MPPE1 gene variants, which potentially contribute to a blended phenotype caused by multilocus pathogenic variants. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Unveiling degradation mechanism of PAHs by a Sphingobium strain from a microbial consortium
Authors: Zhang Lige , Liu Huan , Dai Junbiao , Xu Ping , Tang Hongzhi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of persistent pollutants with adverse biological effects and pose a serious threat to ecological environments and human health. The previously isolated phenanthrene‐degrading bacterial consortium (PDMC) consists of the genera Sphingobium and Pseudomonas and can degrade a wide range of PAHs. To identify the degradation mechanism of PAHs in the consortium PDMC, metagenomic binning was conducted and a Sphingomonadales assembly genome with 100% completeness was obtained. Additionally, Sphingobium sp. SHPJ‐2, an efficient degrader of PAHs, was successfully isolated from the consortium PDMC. Strain SHPJ‐2 has powerful degrading abilities and various degradation pathways of high‐molecular‐weight PAHs, including fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, and chrysene. Two ring‐hydroxylating dioxygenases, five cytochrome P450s, and a pair of electron transfer chains associated with PAH degradation in strain SHPJ‐2, which share 83.0%–99.0% similarity with their corresponding homologous proteins, were identified by a combination of Sphingomonadales assembly genome annotation, reverse‐transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and heterologous expression. Furthermore, when coexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) with the appropriate electron transfer chain, PhnA1B1 could effectively degrade chrysene and benzo[a]anthracene, while PhnA2B2 degrade fluoranthene. Altogether, these results provide a comprehensive assessment of strain SHPJ‐2 and contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism responsible for the PAH degradation.
Measuring glomerular blood transfer rate in kidney using diffusion‐weighted arterial spin labeling
Authors: Ahn Hyun‐Seo , Jung Yujin , Park Sung‐Hong 
Published: July 2022

PurposeTo propose a two‐compartment renal perfusion model for calculating glomerular blood transfer rate () as a new measure of renal function.TheoryThe renal perfusion signal was divided into preglomerular and postglomerular flows according to flow velocity. By analyzing perfusion signals acquired with and without diffusion gradients, we estimated , the blood transfer rate from the afferent arterioles into the glomerulus.MethodsA multislice multidelay diffusion‐weighted arterial spin labeling sequence was applied to subjects with no history of renal dysfunctions. In the multiple b‐value experiment, images were acquired with seven b‐values to validate the bi‐exponential decays of the renal perfusion signal and to determine the appropriate b‐value for suppressing preglomerular flow. In the caffeine challenge, six subjects were scanned twice on the caffeine day and the control day. The values of the two dates were compared.ResultsThe perfusion signal showed a bi‐exponential decay with b‐values. There was no significant difference in renal blood flow and arterial transit time between caffeine and control days. In contrast, cortical was significantly higher on the caffeine day (caffeine day: min control day: min ). These results were consistent with those from the literature.ConclusionWe showed that the perfusion signal consists of two compartments of preglomerular flow and postglomerular flow. The proposed diffusion‐weighted arterial spin labeling could measure the glomerular blood transfer rate (), which was sensitive enough to noninvasively monitor the caffeine‐induced vasodilation of afferent arterioles.
Accuracy, Precision, and Optimal Sampling Duration of Low-Frequency Electrofishing for Sampling Reservoir Flathead Catfish Populations
Authors: Montague Graham F. , Shoup Daniel E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris are popular among anglers; however, information about their sampling is limited. Low-frequency electrofishing (LFE) is the most used method for sampling Flathead Catfish, but LFE data quality (precision and accuracy) has not been previously studied. Therefore, we evaluated accuracy, precision, and optimal sampling duration for maximizing precision of LFE sampling for Flathead Catfish. To quantify accuracy, we created known populations by tagging Flathead Catfish in Lake Carl Blackwell, Lake McMurtry, and Boomer Lake, Oklahoma, with numbered modified Carlin dangler tags and calculated their capture probabilities from recapture data with a Cormack–Jolly–Seber model, with water temperature as an environmental covariate and fish size as an individual covariate. Capture probability was negatively correlated with increases in fish length for Lake Carl Blackwell and Lake McMurtry but was positively correlated with increases in fish length for Boomer Lake. Capture probability was highest at warmer temperatures at Lake Carl Blackwell and Lake McMurtry but was highest at lower water temperatures at Boomer Lake. Therefore, catch rate and size bias varied by system, but size bias was still relatively consistent at all temperatures within lakes (i.e., lake-specific differences in slopes were subtle even though significantly different), indicating that LFE could be used to detect relative changes in size structure if temperatures were standardized. Catch rates were highest and most consistent from June to September when water temperatures were ≥24°C. The number of 5-min LFE efforts needed to achieve a relative standard error ≤25% was lowest when water temperature was ≥20°C from months between May and September. Catch rates and size structure did not differ between LFE efforts (5, 10, or 15 min), suggesting that any LFE effort would produce similar relative abundance estimates.
Efficacy of nigella sativa oil on endothelial function and atherogenic indices in patients with coronary artery diseases: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐control clinical trial
Authors: Tavakoli‐Rouzbehani Omid Mohammad , Abbasnezhad Mohsen , Kheirouri Sorayya , Alizadeh Mohammad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA therapeutic compound with antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects might be a practical approach in endothelial dysfunction caused by oxidation and inflammation associated with atherosclerosis. Therefore, we aim to examine the efficacy of Nigella sativa (NS) oil supplementation on endothelial function and atherogenic indices in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Sixty individuals aged between 35 to 65 years old were recruited and divided into two groups, receiving either 2 g/daily of NS oil or sunflower oil as the placebo for 8 weeks. Serum levels of adhesion molecules, oxidative markers, and atherogenic parameters were evaluated at the starting point and the end of supplementation. Serum levels of vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (sVCAM‐1) [−264.44 95% C, (156.83, 372.04)], intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM‐1) [−132.38 95% C, (40.64, 224.1)], and malondialdehyde (MDA) [−0.21 95% C, (0.03, 0.40)] declined significantly following NS supplementation, while total antioxidant capacity increased [0.03 95% C, (0.03, 0.16)]. NS oil supplementation demonstrated a potential beneficial effect on endothelial function by reducing ICAM‐1, VCAM‐1 levels and affecting oxidative markers. However, further studies are necessary to elucidate NS oil as a therapeutic agent and complementary therapy in patients with stable CAD.