bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Methanolic Extract of Phoenix dactylifera L. Seeds (PDS) on Blood Glucose levels of Normoglycemic and Dexamethasone induced Diabetic Rabbits
Authors: Abdullah Ahlam , Al-bokai Nuha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The seeds of the date palm have also been shown to have nutritional and therapeutic properties. Plants are the source of many pharmaceutical compounds, so herbal treatments are attractive. In folk medicine, date seeds are commonly used to treat diabetes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate anti-diabetic potential of the methanolic extract of date palm seed (PDS) in dexamethasone (DMTZ) -induced diabetic rabbits.Materials and Methods: The intraperitoneal injection of Dexamethasone (DMTZ) (150 mg/kg), experimental diabetes was induced in 42 male rabbits. The rabbits were divided into seven groups and administered the following treatments orally for 30 days: normal control (no treatment), placebo group, diabetic (no treatment), diabetic with PDS extract (200 mg/kg/day, P.O), diabetic with PDS extract (400 mg/kg/day, P.O), diabetic with PDS extract (400 mg/kg/day, P.O) with insulin (2UI/ kg B.Wt.), and diabetic with insulin (2UI/ kg B.Wt.). Histopathological examination of the pancreas was performed. The results are expressed as mean ± SD and variations of some animals were compared in the using of one-way ANOVA. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Statistical evaluation was performed using Microsoft Excel, and SPSS software version.Results: The methanolic PDS extract has been shown to have a significant anti-diabetic effect (P ≤ 0.05). This effect may be due to the presence of flavonoids, saponins and fatty acids in the extract, which could function through different mechanisms. Furthermore, pancreas tissue regeneration was histologically clean. However, further research is needed to isolate and elucidate the bioactive compound(s) responsible for its anti-diabetic properties, as well as its molecular mechanism of action.Conclusion: This study suggests the anti-diabetic potential of date palm seed extract, which might be due to its hypoglycemic properties.
Remote care and triage of obstetric patients with COVID-19 in the community: operational considerations
Authors: Bircher Charles , Wilkes Matt , Zahradka Nicole , Wells Emily , Prosser-Snelling Edward 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
During the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic, routine antenatal care was disrupted, and pregnant women positive for COVID-19 were at increased risk of caesarean section or neonatal unit admission for their baby. Virtual care and telehealth can reduce barriers to care and improve maternity outcomes, and adoption has been encouraged by health authorities in the United Kingdom.
Methods
Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals Trust deployed a flexible maternity virtual ward (MVW) service using the Current Health platform to care for pregnant women during the pandemic. Patients were monitored either intermittently with finger pulse oximetry or continuously with a wearable device. We outline the MVW technology, intervention and staffing model, triage criteria and patient feedback, as an example of an operational model for other institutions.
Results
Between October 2021 and February 2022, 429 patients were referred, of which 228 were admitted to the MVW. Total bed-days was 1,182, mean length of stay was 6 days (SD 2.3, range 1–14 days). Fifteen (6.6%) required hospital admission and one (0.4%) critical care. There were no deaths. Feedback alluded to feelings of increased safety, comfort, and ease with the technology.
Conclusions
The MVW offered a safety net to pregnant women positive for COVID-19. It provided reassurance for staff, while relieving pressures on infrastructure. When setting up similar services in future, attention should be given to identifying clinical champions, triage criteria, technology and alarm selection, and establishing flexible escalation pathways that can adapt to changing patterns of disease.
Investigation Genomic Landscapes, Molecular Mechanisms, and Extracellular Vesicles MiRNAs in Astrocyte and Oligodendrocyte Derived Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Jafari Ehsan Asghari , Arabi Maryam , Bereimipour Ahmad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord begin to die off in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a disease that can be fatal. Molecular pathways in neurological disease, especially ALS, remain a challenge in the medical sciences. In this disease, a disorder in both astrocytes and oligodendrocytes can cause the disease to progress. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms and find key elements between these two cells in ALS with a bioinformatics perspective. In this study, using integrated and continuous bioinformatics analytics by various tools and databases, we investigated genes, protein products, and miRNAs between astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. The obtained data were involved in the Cellular senescence, actin cytoskeleton, cell cycle signaling pathways. Then, after careful evaluation of the information, TP53, MDM2, KRAS, PTPRC, and GSK proteins were candidates, which are regulated by hsa-miR-564, hsa-miR-496-5p, hsa-miR-324-5p, hsa-miR-296-5p, and hsa-miR-4258-3p miRNAs. Finally, the four genes had a more robust and better relationship in this study between astrocyte and oligodendrocyte derived ALS.
Does the US Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative Affect Green Innovation?
Authors: RAHMAN MD AZIZUR , AHMAD RUBI , ISMAIL IZLIN 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The U.S. Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) is a regional market-based regulatory scheme for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the electric power sector in ten northeastern states. It promotes energy efficiency, renewable energy, direct energy bill assistance to citizens, and technological innovation. Conventionally, green innovation has been one of the most effective tools for reducing greenhouse gas emissions through energy efficiency, energy transitions, and renewable energy. Thus, this study measures the impact of the implementation of RGGI on the firms’ green innovation initiatives. We used 20 years of panel data from the Fortune 500 list of the United States' largest companies. Based on DID, a benchmark regression, the RGGI has a significant adverse effect on the green innovation of Fortune 500 companies, and we verified these findings with multiple robustness tests. As we investigated how energy-intensive industries were affected by RGGI, we found that it slowed down green innovation, but it was not statistically significant. This study provides a novel perspective on how the RGGI influences green innovation in firms and how different types of sectors respond to the policy. In terms of policy, we believe that a well-covered and differentiated legislation that fosters green innovation while being realistic about the policy's goal and the firm's environmental attitude, like emissions reduction through green innovation, is essential.
The Efficacy and Safety of Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Plus Camrelizumab for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Two-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Sun Tao , Ren Yanqiao , Sun Bo , Chen Lei , Cao Yanyan , Zhang Weihua , Zhu Licheng , Liu Fengyong , Zhang Lijie , Zheng Chuansheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Object: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs: sorafenib, lenvatinib, and apatinib) plus camrelizumab (TACE-TKIs-C) vs. TACE combined with TKIs (TACE-TKIs) for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods: In this two-center retrospective study, patients with unresectable HCC treated with TACE-TKIs-C or TACE-TKIs were enrolled between January 1, 2018 to October 1, 2020. A total of 260 eligible patients received TACE-TKIs-C (N=70) or TACE-TKIs (N=190). The differences in overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS) and tumor response were compared between two groups. The risk factors affecting OS or PFS were analyzed.Results: The OS of TACE-TKIs-C was significantly longer than TACE-TKIs (P<0.0001). The median OS of TACE-TKIs-C was not reached and the OS of TACE-TKIs was 12 months ((95% CI, 11.0 to 13.0 months). The estimated rates of survival at 6 months and 12 months were 88.6±3.8% and 76.1±5.3%, respectively, in the TACE-TKIs-C group and 86.2±2.5% and 52.0±3.7% in the TACE-TKIs group. The median PFS of TACE-TKIs-C was significantly improved compared with TACE-TKIs (10.0 vs 6.0 months, P<0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that ECOG performance, number of tumors, tumor size and treatment were independent factors of OS and treatment were independent predictive factors of PFS. Grade 3 or 4 hypertension occurred in 14.3% of patients in the TACE-TKIs-C group and other high-grade toxic effects were infrequent.Conclusion: In patients with unresectable HCC, TACE-TKIs-C may improve overall and progression-free survival outcomes over TACE-TKIs with manageable safety profile.
Novel pharmacokinetic model to estimate dopamine dynamics in humans using PET
Authors: Tomasi Dardo , Manza Peter , Logan Jean , Kojori Ehsan Shokri , Yonga Michele-Vera , Kroll Danielle , Feldman Dana , McPherson Katherine , Biesecker Catherine , Dennis Evan , Johnson Allison , Yuan Kai , Wang Wen-Tung , Butman John , Wang Gene-Jack , Volkow Nora 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dopamine facilitates cognition and is implicated in reward processing. Methylphenidate, a dopamine enhancing medication widely used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, has rewarding and addictive effects if injected. Since methylphenidate’s brain uptake is much faster when injected than when taken orally, we hypothesized that the amplitude and the speed of dopamine release in striatum would underly drug reward. To test this hypothesis we developed a non-invasive method to assess methylphenidate-related extracellular dopamine increases at 1-minute temporal resolution using positron emission tomography, which we validated in preclinical microdialysis data. Using a placebo-controlled double-blind within-subjects design, we show in 20 healthy controls that striatal dopamine increases induced by intravenous methylphenidate (0.25 mg/kg) were significantly faster than those induced by oral methylphenidate (60 mg) and that the time-to-peak of dopamine release was strongly associated with the intensity of self-reports of feeling “high”. With this novel approach we show for the first time in humans that stronger drug reward is associated with shorter dopamine time-to-peak after methylphenidate administration.
FUS aggregation following ischemic stroke favors brain astrocyte activation through inducing excessive autophagy
Authors: shusheng wu , Yin Yuye , Du Longfei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As is the case with neurodegenerative diseases, abnormal accumulation of aggregated proteins in neurons and glial are also known to implicate in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. However, the potential role of protein aggregates in brain ischemia remains largely unknown. Fused in Sarcoma (FUS) protein has a vital role in RNA metabolism and regulating cellular homeostasis. FUS pathology has been demonstrated in the formation of toxic aggregates and critically affecting cell viability in neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), but whether this also applies to neurological injury following cerebral ischemia is unclear. Herein, we demonstrated a critical role of aggregated FUS in astrocyte activation caused by cerebral ischemia and a possible underlying molecular mechanism. Cerebral ischemic injury significantly induced the formation of cytoplasmic FUS aggregates in reactive astrocytes, thereby aggravating neurofunctional damages and worsening stroke outcomes. Further analysis revealed that extranuclear aggregation of FUS in astrocytes was involved in the induction of excessive autophagy, which contributes to autophagic cell injury or death. In conclusion, our results reveal the important contribution of FUS aggregates in promoting astrocytes activation in stroke pathology independent of its transcriptional regulation activity. We thus propose that aggregation of FUS is an alternative pathomechanism of ischemic stroke and targeting FUS aggregates might be of unique therapeutic value in the development of future treatment strategies for ischemic stroke.
Bored at home? - A systematic review on the effect of environmental enrichment on the welfare of laboratory rats and mice
Authors: Mieske Paul , Hobbiesiefken Ute , Butzke Daniel , Rudeck Juliane , Lewejohann Lars , Diederich Kai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Boredom is an emotional state that occurs when an individual has nothing to do, is not interested in the surrounding, and feels dreary and in a monotony. While this condition is usually defined for humans, it may very well describe the lives of many laboratory animals housed in small, barren cages. To make the cages less monotonous, environmental enrichment is often proposed. Although housing in a stimulating environment is still used predominantly as a luxury good and for treatment in preclinical research, enrichment is increasingly recognized as a way to improve animal welfare. To gain insight into how stimulating environment influences the welfare of laboratory rodents, we conducted a systematic review of studies that analyzed the effect of enriched environment on behavioral parameters of animal wellbeing. Remarkably, a considerable number of these parameters can be associated with symptoms of boredom. Our findings show that a stimulating living environment is essential for the development of natural behavior and animal welfare of laboratory rats and mice alike, regardless of age and sex. Conversely, confinement and under-stimulation in conventional housing systems has potentially detrimental effects on the mental and physical health of laboratory rodents. We show that boredom in experimental animals is measurable and does not have to be accepted as inevitable.
Reveal Postoperative Brain Glioma True Behavior by Real-Time Tracking of Tumor Gene Evolution Information
Authors: Bu Yage , Sheng Zhiyuan , Deng Kaiyuan , Wu Shuang , Xu Sensen , Guo Guangzhong , Zhang Ziyue , Liu Guanzheng , Yu Jinliang , Gao Yushuai , Yan Zhaoyue , Bu Chaojie , Gu Jianjun , Kong Lingfei , Liu Gang , Wang Meiyun , Li Tianxiao , Hernesniemi Juha , Zemmar Ajmal , Bu Xingyao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
At present, the in vivo gene evolution of human glioma after surgery is unknown. We need to understand the real-time in vivo gene evolution information of the tumor to dynamically reflect the real behavior of the tumor, so as to drive therapeutic decisions. TISF-ctDNA can provide real-time in vivo gene information after surgery, and then reveal postoperative glioma behavior more realistically.
Methods
This retrospective, Single center, sample collection, validation study conducted at Zheng Zhou University People's hospital from July 1st, 2016, to November 1st, 2021, assessed patients with glioma who were receiving surgical treatment and adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The study including 69 patients, with radiological relapse identified in 44 patients forming the main cohort.
RESULTS
In the primary tumor, a total of 199 mutations were detected in 58 tumor tissue samples,12 patients (21%) with 1 mutation and 45 patients (79%) with multiple mutations,TP53 (44%) followed by IDH1(39%) and PTEN(25%), mean VAF from 2.1%-79.5%,with a median 40.5%.At or after a diagnosis of recurrence, A total of 613 gene mutations were found through TISF ctDNA sequencing, including TP53 (48%), NF1 (38%), PTEN (31%), mean VAF from 0.2%-34.14%, with a median 1.54%, and we also found Pseudo-progression and hypermutation associated with TMZ resistance. In the main cohort of 44 patients (mean age, 52 years) with a median follow-up of 190 days (20-1530 days), mean VAF of TISF ctDNA during follow-up was associated with relapse (hazard ratio, 4.058; 95% CI, 1.089 to 15.12; P = 0.0012). Similar outcomes were observed for tumor tissue (hazard ratio, 2.214; 95% CI, 1.003 to 4.887; P = 0.0165). Hypermutation was found in 3 patients in the cohort, and the in vivo evolution of hypermutation was tracked in 2 of these patients.
CONCLUSIONS
TISF ctDNA describes human glioma behavior, demonstrates the real tumor gene mutation landscape in vivo during treatment, providing prognostic and response data of clinical relevance.
Prevalence and quantification of thoracic pain (TP) through quantitative sensory testing (QST) in patients with chronic interstitial lung disease (cILD)
Authors: Scherer Manuela Juliana , Kampe Sandra , Fredebeul-Beverungen Jonas , Weinreich Gerhard , Costabel Ulrich , Bonella Francesco 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPrevalence and predisposing factors for the development of thoracic pain in patients with chronic interstitial lung disease are largely unknown. Underestimation and insufficient therapy of pain can lead to worsened ventilatory function. Quantitative sensory testing is an established tool for characterization of chronic pain and its neuropathic components. We investigated frequency and intensity of TP in cILD patients and the potential association with lung function and quality of life. MethodsWe prospectively investigated patients with chronic interstitial lung disease to analyze risk factors for the development of thoracic pain and quantify thoracic pain through quantitative sensory testing. In addition, we studied the relationship between pain sensitivity and lung function impairment. Results78 patients with chronic interstitial lung disease and 36 healthy controls were included. Thoracic pain occurred in 38 of 78 patients (49%), most frequently in 13 of 18 (72%) in pulmonary sarcoidosis. The occurrence was mostly spontaneous and not related to thoracic surgical interventions (76%). Patients with thoracic pain showed a significant impairment of mental well-being. A higher sensitivity to pinprick stimulation during QST can be observed in patients with thoracic pain. Steroid treatment was associated with lower sensitivity within thermal and pressure pain testing. We observed a significant correlation between total lung capacity and thermal or pressure pain sensitivity. ConclusionThis study was performed to investigate prevalence, risk factors and thoracic pain in patients with chronic interstitial lung disease. Thoracic pain mostly occurs spontaneous as a frequent symptom, and seems to be an underestimated symptom in patients with chronic interstitial lung disease, especially those with pulmonary sarcoidosis. Identifying thoracic pain at early stage may allow starting palliation of symptoms earlier.Clinical Trial RegistrationDeutsches Register Klinischer Studien (DRKS) https://www.drks.de/drks_web/ DRKS00022978
Offering women a choice in induction of labour: a prospective cohort study
Authors: DUPUIS Ninon , LOUSSERT Lola , de VRIES Pauline L. , PARANT Olivier , VAYSSIERE Christophe , GUERBY Paul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate women’s choice in the method of labour induction between oral misoprostol, PGE2 pessary and the Foley catheter. To compare women’s satisfaction according to their choice and to identify factors associated with patient satisfaction.
Methods
We conducted a comparative, prospective cohort study of 520 women who chose their preferred method for labour induction, in a French tertiary hospital, from July 2019 to October 2020. Before and after the delivery, they were asked to argument their choice and to evaluate their satisfaction through the use of questionnaires. The primary outcome was global level of satisfaction.
Results
Of the 520 women included, 67,5% of women chose oral Misoprostol compared to 21% PGE2 pessary and 11.5% the Foley catheter. Regarding global satisfaction, we found no significant difference between the three groups: 78,4%, 68,8% and 71,2% (p = 0,091) for respectively oral misoprostol, PGE2 pessary and the Foley catheter. Factors that seem to improve women’s satisfaction were nulliparity (OR = 2.03, 95%CI [1.19–3.53]), delivery within 24 hours after the start of induction (OR = 3.46, 95%CI. [2.02–6.14]) and adequate information (OR = 4.21,95%CI [1.86–9.64]). Factors associated with lower satisfaction rates were postpartum hemorrhage (OR = 0.51, 95%CI [0.30–0.88]) and caesarean section (OR = 0.31, 95%CI [0.17–0.54]).
Conclusion
Women satisfaction rates were not different between the three methods, when chosen by the patients themselves. These finding should encourage caregivers to promote shared decision making when possible.
Increased Tim-3 and Gal-9 expression are related to poor prognosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ahmed Sehrish , Shaikh Fouzia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: TIM3 is an inhibitory checkpoint marker that attenuates immune response when engaged with its ligand Gal9. Blockage of Tim3 reinvigorate immune response in various tumors and thus emerged as a potential candidate for cancer therapy. However, the biological basis of the Tim3/Gal9 axis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) has remained unelucidated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first research around the globe conducted on OSCC tissue samples to determine the expression of both Tim-3 and its ligand Gal-9 and evaluation of their prognostic values.Methods: To achieve this Immunohistochemistry was done in 126 OSCC tissue samples.Results: 65.9% Tim-3 expression on immune cells and 70.6% expression of Gal-9 on tumor cells was observed with mostly membranous and cytoplasmic staining. Increased Gal9 expression was associated with worse TNM staging, lymph-vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and tobacco consumption habits (p=0.001, p=0.010, p=0.001, p=0.032, p=0.025 respectively). On the other hand, higher Tim3 expression was found in patients with worse TNM stages, tumor differentiation, and lymph-vascular invasion (p=<0.001, p=0.002, and p=0.021 respectively). Moreover, multivariate analysis shows that high Gal9 expression and high Tim3 expression were significantly associated with poor overall survival (p=0.015 and p=0.006 respectively). The combination of Tim3 and Gal9 expression was an independent prognostic predictor for patients with OSCC (HR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.268-6.162).Conclusion: The results speculated that Tim3/Gal9 expression may be a potential, independent prognostic factor for OSCC patients. Tim3 and Gal9 may play a vital role in carcinogenesis.