bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Патріот, лікар, науковець. До 80-річчя з дня народження професора Готя Івана Мирославовича
Authors: Варес Я. Е. , Гриновець В. С. , Винарчук-Патерега В. В. 
Published: August 2022

Резюме. У спомині висвітлено основні віхи життя та різнопланові аспекти діяльності завідувача кафедри хірургічної стоматології та щелепно-лицевої хірургії Львівського національного медичного університету імені Данила Галицького (1992–2012 рр.) професора І. М. Готя, який зробив значний внесок у розвиток хірургічної стоматології в Україні. Іван Мирославович залишиться у нашій пам'яті як світла людина з багатим життєвим досвідом та високим професіоналізмом.
МОРФОЛОГО-АНАТОМІЧНІ ТА ФЕНОЛОГІЧНІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ДЕЯКИХ ВИДІВ РОДУ МИКОЛАЙЧИКИ
Authors: Gnatoyko K. V. , Grytsyk A. R. 
Published: August 2022

Мета роботи. Макроскопічне дослідження видів роду Миколайчики, які зростають на території України; мікроскопічне дослідження миколайчиків плоских для встановлення основних діагностичних ознак; фенологічні спостереження за розвитком миколайчиків плоских.
Матеріали і методи. Для проведення досліджень за допомогою мікроскопії використовували повітряно-суху сировину та свіжозібрану і фіксовану в спирто-водно-гліцериновій суміші (1:1:1) рослинну сировину. Вивчення проводили за методиками Державної фармакопеї України. При вивченні тимчасових препаратів використовували оптичний приладу Delta Optical Genetic Pro, та фіксували за допомогою камери Delta Optical DLT-Cam Pro. Фенологічні спостереження проводили на дослідних ділянках та в природних умовах.
Результати й обговорення. В результаті проведених досліджень встановлено спільні та відмінні морфологічні ознаки для миколайчиків плоских, миколайчиків польових та миколайчиків приморських. Встановлено основні мікроскопічні діагностичні ознаки миколайчиків плоских. За допомогою фенологічних спостережень описані фази розвитку миколайчиків плоских.
Висновки. Відмінними діагностичними ознаками видів роду Миколайчики, які зростають на території України є висота стебла, забарвлення, форма листків та плодів. Встановлено мікроскопічні діагностичні ознаки миколайчиків плоских: слабозвивисті клітини верхнього та сильнозвивисті клітини нижнього епідермісу, продихи анізоцитного типу, друзи кальцію оксалату та головчасті волоски. Описано основні фази розвитку миколайчиків плоских.
ПРОФЕСІЙНЕ СПІЛКУВАННЯ ЛІКАРЯ З ПАЦІЄНТОМ У КАРДІОЛОГІЧНОМУ ВІДДІЛЕННІ: МЕТОДИЧНІ РЕКОМЕНДАЦІЇ ДЛЯ ОПАНУВАННЯ ТЕМИ АНГЛОМОВНИМИ ЗДОБУВАЧАМИ ВИЩОЇ МЕДИЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Тишковець М. П. 
Published: August 2022

У статті відзначено про необхідність оволодіння українською мовою на фаховому рівні інакомовними студентами медичних закладів вищої освіти як одного з основних видів мовленнєвої діяльності в майбутній професії. Тут запропоновано навчально-методичні матеріали до теми «Професійне спілкування лікаря з пацієнтом у кардіологічному відділенні» для вивчення англомовними здобувачами вищої медичної освіти, апробовані на практичних заняттях у межах курсу «Професійна медична комунікація українською мовою лікаря з пацієнтом» у Тернопільському національному медичному університеті імені І. Я. Горбачевського МОЗ України. Визначено зміст та окреслено види робіт, що дозволяють одночасно з опануванням лексико-граматичного матеріалу реалізовувати найнеобхідніші комунікативні потреби для фахового спілкування лікаря-кардіолога з пацієнтом. У праці запропоновано види завдань для засвоєння теми іноземцями: опрацювання словника-мінімуму, читання тексту й вивчення нових слів і синтаксичних конструкцій у його контексті тощо. Ми рекомендуємо ряд післятекстових завдань, призначених для формування та розвитку мовної й мовленнєвої компетентностей інакомовців, зокрема: 1. Відповідайте на запитання до тексту. 2. Прочитайте речення. Напишіть, правильно чи неправильно. До неправильних речень доберіть із тексту точний варіант. 3. Продовжте речення. 4. Визначте хворобу за ключовими словами тощо. Далі пропонуємо іноземним студентам сконструювати власну бесіду лікаря-кардіолога з пацієнтом на основі діалогу-зразка.
Уважаємо, що такі навчально-методичні матеріали допоможуть студентам-іноземцям вільно спілкуватися із пацієнтом у кардіологічному відділенні, ставити йому запитання для збору анамнезу, сприймати і розуміти відповіді недужого, аргументовано висловлювати власні погляди стосовно лікування чи запобігання хворобі.
Distribution-Free Approach to the Design and Analysis of Randomized Stroke Trials With the Modified Rankin Scale
Authors: Zou Guangyong , Zou Lily , Choi Yun-Hee 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Many methods have been suggested for analyzing the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). However, there lacks a unified approach to analysis and sample size determination that properly uses the ordinal nature of the data. We propose a simple method for CI estimation and corresponding sample size determination.

Methods:
We quantify treatment effect by the win probability (WinP) that a randomly selected patient in the treatment group has an equal or a better mRS score than a patient in the control group. Thus, a win probability of 0.5 means no effect, likened to a draw in competitive sports. We estimate the win probability and its SE based on the ranks of mRS scores, where tied scores are handled by average ranks. Corresponding methods for hypothesis testing, CI estimation, and sample size determination are derived. The methods are evaluated with a simulation study based on real data from 10 randomized stroke trials that used mRS as the outcome measure.

Results:
Simulation results demonstrated that the methods performed very well in terms of CI coverage, tail errors, and assurance to achieving the prespecified precision. Because the methods are very simple, we implemented them in an Excel spreadsheet, requiring only user inputs on frequencies of mRS scores in 2 comparison groups.

Conclusions:
Sound statistical methods are important for the success of randomized stroke trials. The proposed methods and associated spreadsheet should prove useful for stroke researchers in the planning and analysis of randomized trials. Meta-analysis has also been made easy for trials with ordinal scores.
Forecast Dropouts in the NAVGEM Model: Characterization with Respect to Other Models, Large-Scale Indices, and Ensemble Forecasts
Authors: McLay Justin G. , Satterfield Elizabeth 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A forecast “bust” or “dropout” can be defined as an intermittent but significant loss of model forecast performance. Deterministic forecast dropouts are typically defined in terms of the 500-hPa geopotential height (Φ500) anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC) in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) dropping below a predefined threshold. This study first presents a multimodel comparison of dropouts in the Navy Global Environmental Model (NAVGEM) deterministic forecast with the ensemble control members from the Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) Global Ensemble Prediction System (GEPS) and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS). Then, the relationship between dropouts and large-scale pattern variability is investigated, focusing on the temporal variability and correlation of flow indices surrounding dropout events. Finally, three severe dropout events are examined from an ensemble perspective. The main findings of this work are the following: 1) forecast dropouts exhibit some relation between models; 2) although forecast dropouts do not have a single cause, the most severe dropouts in NAVGEM can be linked to specific behavior of the large-scale flow indices, that is, they tend to follow periods of rapidly escalating volatility of the flow indices, and they tend to occur during intervals where the AO and Pacific North American (PNA) indices are exhibiting unusually strong interdependence; and 3) for the dropout events examined from an ensemble perspective, the NAVGEM ensemble spread does not provide a strong signal of elevated potential for very large forecast errors.
Defining Pathogen and Susceptibility Patterns for Early Versus Late Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Trauma Patients to Guide Empiric Treatment Decisions
Authors: Alexander Kaitlin M. , Davis S. Noelle , Butts C. Caleb , Morgan John , Croft Leah K. , Lee Yann-leei L. , Kinnard Christopher M. , Polite Nathan M. , Mbaka Maryann I. , Williams Ashley Y. , Barrington Robert A. , Audia Jonathon P. , Simmons Jon D. 
Published: August 2022

Introduction Studies have demonstrated that trauma patients with early-ventilator associated pneumonia (early-VAP, < 7 days) have decreased risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. We hypothesize that routinely using broad-spectrum antibiotics is unnecessary to treat trauma patients with the diagnosis of early-VAP. Methods This retrospective cohort study included adult trauma patients with the diagnosis of VAP. The primary outcome was the presence of MRSA and/or P. aeruginosa in patients with early- and late-VAP. Secondary outcomes included the bacterial susceptibility of pathogens to methicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftriaxone, piperacillin/tazobactam, and cefepime. Intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS), ventilator-free days, and in-hospital mortality were also collected. Results 164 patients met inclusion criteria, and 208 organisms (n = 90 early vs n = 118 late) were identified by respiratory culture. The incidence of MRSA and P. aeruginosa in early-VAP was 7.7% (7/90) and 5.6% (5/90), respectively. The susceptibility of bacteria causing early-VAP to ampicillin/sulbactam and ceftriaxone was 73.3% (66/90) and 83.3% (75/90), respectively. Ventilator-free days at 30 days was similar between groups ( P = .649). Patients with late-VAP spent more time in the ICU ( P = .040); however, in-hospital mortality was higher in the early-VAP group ( P = .012). Conclusions Ampicillin/sulbactam or ceftriaxone monotherapy did not provide reliable broad-spectrum coverage for early-VAP in our cohort. These findings highlight the importance of each institution performing a similar analysis to ensure adequate initial treatment of VAP.
Early Identification of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Trauma Patients: Development of a Multivariable Risk Prediction Model
Authors: Kravets Victoria , McDonald Michael , DeRosa Joel , Hernandez-Irizarry Roberto , Parker Ruth , Lamis Dorian A. , Powers Abigail , Schenker Mara L. 
Published: August 2022

Background The purpose of this study was to build a risk prediction model to identify trauma patients at the time of injury who are at high risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 1 year later. Methods Patients 18+ with operative orthopedic trauma injuries were enrolled in prospective social determinants of health cohort. Data were collected through initial surveys, medical records at time of injury, and 1-year follow-up phone screenings. Univariate analysis examined associations between factors and PTSD at 1 year. The best fit multivariable logistic regression model led to a novel PTSD risk prediction tool based on weights assigned similar to the Charlson index methods. Results Of 329 enrolled patients, 87 (26%) completed follow-up surveys; 58% screened positive for chronic PTSD. The best fit model predicting PTSD included age, insurance, violent mechanism, and 2 acute stress screening questions (AUC .89). Using these parameters, the maximum possible TIPPS index was 19. Those with PTSD at 1 year had a mean TIPPS index of 12.9 ± 4.0, compared to 5.9 ± 4.2 for those who did not ( P < .001). Discussion Traumatic injury often leads to PTSD, which can be predicted by a novel risk score incorporating age, insurance status, violent injury mechanism, and acute stress reaction symptoms. Stability in life and relationships with primary care physicians may be protective of PTSD. Level of Evidence Diagnostic level II.
Racial Disparities in the Operative Management of Orthopedic Trauma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Johnson Christopher T. , Tran Andrew , Preslar Jessie , Bussey-Jones Jada , Schenker Mara L. 
Published: August 2022

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate if race is associated with the likelihood of operative management of acute fractures. Methods A systematic review of the literature was performed using the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases to identify studies associated with social disparities and acute orthopedic trauma. Peer-reviewed studies commenting on social disparities and the decision to pursue operative or non-operative management of acute fractures were identified for detailed review. Study characteristics and odds ratios were extracted from each article. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. A quality analysis of the data was also performed. Results In total, 13 studies were identified and 8 were included in the meta-analysis totaling 743,846 fractures. Hip, distal radius, pelvic, tibial plateau, clavicle, femoral neck, and femoral shaft fractures were represented in this patient population. The meta-analysis demonstrated that White race is associated with a higher likelihood of operative intervention compared to all other races pooled together (odds ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval 1.16 to 1.47; p < .0001) as well as Black race (odds ratio 1.39; 95% confidence interval 1.12 to 1.72; p = .0025). Conclusions Non-White race and Black race are associated with a lower likelihood of receiving surgical management of acute orthopedic trauma. Surgeons and health systems should be aware of these inequities and consider strategies to mitigate bias and ensure all patients receive appropriate and timely care regardless of race.
Role of Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Index in Predicting the Development of In-Hospital Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmia in Patients With ST-Elevated Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Aksakal Emrah , Aksu Uğur , Birdal Oğuzhan , Öztürk Mustafa , Gülcü Oktay , Kalkan Kamuran , Korkmaz Ali F. , Korucu Cem , Lazoğlu Merve 
Published: August 2022

Many complications can be observed after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) is a sensitive indicator of the inflammatory state, and this parameter may also be associated with cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated the relationship between malignant ventricular arrhythmias (MVA) development and SII in STEMI patients. A total of 1708 STEMI patients were included in the study. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the development of MVA, and predictors of MVA development were investigated. After the PSM analysis, the mean age of 158 patients was 61.6 years, and 68.4% were male. In the univariate analysis, neutrophil count, SII, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, and CRP/albumin ratio (CAR) were associated with the development of MVA; while in the regression analysis, CAR and SII was found to be independent predictors of the development of MVA. In this study, we demonstrated that SII is a better independent predictor than other inflammatory parameters for predicting the development of MVA. This index may be useful in clinical use.
Social determinants of mental health and adolescent anxiety and depression: Findings from the 2018 to 2019 National Survey of Children’s Health
Authors: Yang Phillip , Hernandez Brian S , Plastino Kristen A 
Published: August 2022

Background: There is a current crisis in children’s mental health. Defining social determinants of mental health (SDMH) facilitates investigations of social impact on mental health. Aims: To examine associations between nine SDMH and adolescent depression and anxiety in a U.S. nationally representative sample. Methods: Poor access to health care, caregiver underemployment, food insecurity, poorly built environment, housing insecurity, household dysfunction adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), racism, caregiver poor education, and poverty/income inequality were assessed from the 2018 to 2019 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) ( N = 24,817). Results: The likelihood of reporting adolescent depression and/or anxiety was assessed for each SDMH using multinomial logistic regressions. All SDMH, besides caregiver underemployment, were associated with increased odds of reporting adolescent anxiety, depression, or anxiety and depression. Only household dysfunction ACEs and racism had statistically significant associations for all three mental health outcomes. Conclusions: Interventions targeting ACEs and racism may be more impactful in mitigating mental health challenges associated with SDMH during adolescence. The NSCH may provide an important public health tool to investigate SDMH in children.
How Can Residents’ Air Transport Subsidies Affect Outbound Tourism behavior on Islands? Evidence from Spain
Authors: Jiménez Juan Luis , Pérez-Granja Ubay , Valido Jorge 
Published: August 2022

Subsidizing residents on airlines is a common policy in a number of countries. However, the question arises as to how changes in this policy affect the travel behavior of residents in specific regions? To address this, we analyze the effect of an “exogenous shock” (i.e., an increase in the resident subsidy) on two Spanish archipelagos when they travel away from the islands. Our Difference-in-Difference and matching estimations find that the causal impact of the policy change is different for resident passengers across the two regions affected. Although the length of stay was reduced for resident passengers in both archipelagos by 10%–15% after the shock, their expenditure at destination per day increased by 13% on the Balearic Islands, while showing no significant change on the Canary Islands. J.E.L. Codes: L83; H25; L93
Loco-Regional Recurrence and Survival after Wide Local Excision, Radiotherapy and Axillary Clearance for Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Carpenter R , Royle G T , Hamilton M Cross C , Buchanan R , Taylor I 
Published: August 2022

After breast conservation for early breast cancer which comprised wide local excision, axillary clearance and radiotherapy to the breast, 145 women have been followed prospectively for a median of 42 months. Local recurrence occurred in 11 (7%) and axillary recurrence in three (2%). Distant recurrence has occurred in 32 and accounted for 80% of all first recurrences. Local treatment failure has occurred in three women and would not have been prevented by mastectomy. Loco-regional recurrence in the absence of preceding or synchronous distant disease was unusual and did not pose a significant clinical problem.
The Impact of the First 3 Years of Breast Cancer Screening on the Overall Presentation of Breast Cancer
Authors: Moody Christine , Corder Allan , Mullee M A , Guyer P , Rubin C , Cross M , Royle G T , Taylor I 
Published: August 2022

We have assessed the effect of the first round of the Breast Cancer Screening Programme on the presentation of breast cancer in the Southampton Health District with respect to number of cases and pathological characteristics. A retrospective comparative survey of the presentation of breast cancer in the 3 years prior to breast cancer screening (1985–1988) with the presentation of breast cancer during the prevalent round of breast cancer screening (1988–1991) was performed. During the period of study 1536 cases of breast cancer presented. Six hundred and sixty presented in the years prior to screening and 864 during the first round of screening. All patients lived within the Southampton Health District. The study was designed to assess the changes in breast cancer presentation with regard to age, pathological characteristics, and treatment. Even allowing for the increases in the local population there was a significant increase in the number of cases of breast cancer diagnosed (χ2=23.7, df=1, P< 0.001). The majority of this increase was in the 50–64 age group. There was also a significant shift towards an earlier stage at diagnosis and a significant reduction in tumour size when all cases were included (mean 26 mm versus 34 mm P< 0.001). Screening also created the opportunity for less invasive treatment. Consequently there was a rise in the number of excisions by localization biopsy from 1% to 13% during the screening period. In conclusion, the National Breast Cancer Screening Programme (NBCSP) has had a significant impact on the presentation of breast cancer. This has resulted in a greater awareness of the disease with earlier presentation, smaller tumours, and a higher local excision rate in the study group.
Successful treatment of pulmonary mucormycosis (Lichtheimia spp.) in a post-partum patient with COVID-19 ARDS requiring extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation using salvage therapy
Authors: Hanks Justin , Unai Shinya , Bribriesco Alejandro , Insler Steven , Yu Eileen , Banzon Jona , Mireles-Cabodevila Eduardo , Adi Ahmad , Elgharably Haytham , Yun James , Krishnan Sudhir 
Published: August 2022

Case Summary: A 31-year-old female presented to a regional hospital at 27 weeks pregnant and was found to have COVID-19 ARDS. She underwent intubation and caesarian section for worsening hypoxia and non-reassuring fetal heart tones. Hypoxemia was refractory to proning requiring ECMO and transfer to a tertiary care center. Admission chest radiography showed a new right lower lobe cavitating lesion with computed tomography scan revealing a large multi-loculated cavity in the right lung and extensive bilateral ground-glass opacities. The patient was started on amphotericin and posaconazole, with final respiratory cultures growing Lichtheimia spp. Source control was discussed via possible open thoracostomy, but medical management alone was continued. Total ECMO support was 3 weeks. At the time of discharge to acute rehab, 1 month of amphotericin and posaconazole had been completed, with continuation of posaconazole. At last update, she had been discharged from rehab and was back home with her infant. Conclusion: Pulmonary mucormycosis, even in the non-ECLS population, carries a high mortality. Treatment in pulmonary disease with surgery improves mortality but is not always feasible. Salvage therapy with extended course antifungal medications may be an option for those not amendable