bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of Ti6Al4v Components Made in Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Vassallo Francesca , Caputo Francesco , Scognamiglio Ciro , Lamanna Giuseppe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the mechanical properties of the specimens made of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy with EBM additive technology. Tensile tests on the component are carried out on “dog bone” specimens, of fixed dimensions, printed with orientations of 0°, 45°, and 90°. The results of the experimental campaign confirm the influence printing parameters of the technology on the mechanical performance of the components. Subsequently, the numerical‐structural analysis carried out on the Octet‐Truss elementary cell in Ti6Al4V titanium alloy shows that the mechanical behavior of the cell is influenced by the material growth orientation and confirmed that the orientation of 45° guarantees cells more resistant to loads of traction, while the orientations of 0° and 90° make up more deformable cells. The investigation of the mechanical properties of the components involved specimens with a solid material configuration and specimens is emptied by means of reticular structures. The results of the survey are compared with the same volume and with the same analysis. Direct observation of the stress–strain curves reveals a difference in the value of the elastic modulus, resulting in a linear section of the curve that is less steep in the case of the assembled component. The choice of the printing parameters is a crucial point in the construction process of the components made in Additive Manufacturing since, as confirmed by this study, the parameters of the technology influence the properties of the material and therefore of the printed component. Secondly, exploiting the potential of additive technologies in creating structures with complex geometry (such as lattice structures), offers the possibility, not only to reduce the weight of the components, but also to improve the final performance.
Altered Medial Prefrontal Connectivity in Parkinson's Disease Patients with Somatic Symptoms
Authors: Delli Pizzi Stefano , Franciotti Raffaella , Chiacchiaretta Piero , Ferretti Antonio , Edden Richard A. , Sestieri Carlo , Russo Mirella , Sensi Stefano L. , Onofrj Marco 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe high co‐occurrence of somatic symptom disorder (SSD) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients suggests overlapping pathophysiology. However, little is known about the neural correlates of SSD and their possible interactions with PD. Existing studies have shown that SSD is associated with reduced task‐evoked activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a central node of the default‐mode network (DMN). SSD is also associated with abnormal γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) content, a marker of local inhibitory tone and regional hypoactivity, in the same area when SSD co‐occurs with PD.ObjectivesTo disentangle the individual and shared effects of SSD and PD on mPFC neurotransmission and connectivity patterns and help disclose the neural mechanisms of comorbidity in the PD population.MethodsThe study cohort included 18 PD patients with SSD (PD + SSD), 18 PD patients, 13 SSD patients who did not exhibit neurologic disorders, and 17 healthy subjects (HC). Proton magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy evaluated GABA levels within a volume of interest centered on the mPFC. Resting‐state functional MR imaging investigated the region's functional connectivity patterns.ResultsCompared to HC or PD groups, the mPFC of SSD subjects exhibited higher GABA levels and connectivity. Higher mPFC connectivity involved DMN regions in SSD patients without PD and regions of the executive and attentional networks (EAN) in patients with PD comorbidity.ConclusionsAberrant reconfigurations of connectivity patterns between the mPFC and the EAN are distinct features of the PD + SSD comorbidity. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Macronutrient Ratio Modification in a Semi-Purified Diet Composition: Effects on Growth and Body Composition of Juvenile Zebrafish Danio rerio
Authors: Williams Michael B. , Dennis-Cornelius Lacey N. , Miyasaki Nathan D. , Barry Robert J. , Powell Mickie L. , Makowsky Robert A. , Fowler Lauren A. , Watts Stephen A. , Smith Daniel L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The interaction of dietary macronutrients in the control of growth, body composition, health, and longevity has received renewed attention. The protein leverage hypothesis proposes an inverse relationship between dietary protein levels and obesity development (low protein promoting high obesity), although the majority of laboratory studies have utilized a design modulating the protein amount within a single dietary protein source composition. We investigated whether varying the levels of dietary protein amount and sources would have impacts on growth and body composition using the Zebrafish Danio rerio model. At 28 d postfertilization, Zebrafish were fed 1 of 12 dietary treatments for 12 weeks. Diets contained different protein sources (fish protein hydrolysate [FPH], soy protein isolate [SOY], casein [CAS], or a mixture of all three sources including wheat gluten [MIX]). Sources were formulated at three protein concentrations (18, 33, or 48% as fed, substituted with wheat starch for caloric balance). Body length, height, and weight were measured over time and at termination. Contributions of macronutrients to growth and body fat outcomes were estimated by LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression. Male and female length, height, and weight increased significantly in response to increasing dietary protein. Male and female fish fed SOY or FPH had the highest amount of body lipid at all protein concentrations relative to those fed CAS or MIX. Relative body lipid was highest in fish that were fed the lowest protein concentration. These data suggest an important role of macronutrient balances, including dietary protein amount and source, in relation to the protein: energy (carbohydrate and lipid) ratio on growth and body composition outcomes. These outcomes may ultimately reflect metabolic alterations that can lead to confounding interpretations of health and disease status. Furthermore, these data reinforce the need to consider and report dietary composition in establishing rigorous and reproducible nutritional guidelines for Zebrafish.
Exploring concomitant pelvic floor symptoms in community‐dwelling females and males
Authors: Knol‐de Vries Grietje E. , Malmberg G. G. Alec , Notenboom‐Nas Françoise J. M. , Voortman Danny B. H. , de Groot Anouk , Dekker Janny H. , van Koeveringe Gommert A. , Leusink Peter , Bosch Marlies , Slieker‐ten Hove Marijke C. Ph. , Keuken Debby G. , Blanker Marco H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesResearchers and clinicians tend to focus on one pelvic floor symptom (PFS) at the time. However, the pelvic floor acts as one functional unit, increasing the likelihood of concurrent PFS in patients with pelvic floor dysfunction. There is also a paucity of literature on the prevalence of concomitant PFS, especially in males. Therefore, we explored the occurrence of concomitant PFS in community‐dwelling males and females.Materials and MethodsThis prospective observational population‐based cohort study included males and females aged ≥16 years from a single Dutch municipality. Participants completed validated questionnaires on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), defecation problems, sexual dysfunction, pelvic pain, and pelvic organ prolapse. Medical general practitioner records were examined. Furthermore, a randomly selected group of non‐responders aged <80 years received a short questionnaire, to study response bias.ResultsWe invited 11 724 people, among which 839 females and 566 males completed the questionnaires. Of the female participants, 286 (34.1%) reported no PFS, and 251 (29.9%) reported two or more PFS. The most prevalent PFS clusters in females were sexual dysfunction and pelvic pain, sexual dysfunction and defecation problems, LUTS and defecation problems, and LUTS, defecation problems, and pelvic pain. Of the male participants, 212 (37.5%) reported no PFS, and 191 (33.7%) reported two or more PFS. The most prevalent clusters in males were sexual dysfunction and LUTS, defecation problems and LUTS, and sexual dysfunction, LUTS, and defecation problems.ConclusionA considerable overlap existed between PFS, with differences in PFS clusters between females and males. Of note, females reported pelvic pain more than males. We conclude that healthcare providers should address all PFS in males and females.
What school nurses strive to achieve for themselves in order to remain in practice: A qualitative study
Authors: Mæland Linda Horne , Oftedal Bjørg Frøysland , Kristoffersen Margareth 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThis study aims to describe and interpret what it is school nurses strive to achieve for themselves in order to remain in practice.DesignA qualitative study with a hermeneutic approach.MethodThe data were collected by means of in‐depth interviews with 15 Norwegian school nurses on two separate occasions and analysed using a phenomenological hermeneutic method.ResultsThe analysis resulted in the following themes: (1) trusting your own professional ability, (2) aspiring to appreciation and (3) accomplishing self‐care. These themes were reflected in the school nurses' choices and actions and were regarded as an expression of what was of value to them as a nurse. Thus, the nurses' realizing what they strived to achieve for themselves can comprehensively be understood as a good of higher value for their remaining in nursing practice.
Intrastate applicability of National Census Response Rate Models: The case of the 2020 Census in the state of Illinois, United States
Authors: Shin Jaeyong , Zandiatashbar Ahoura , Massey Dean , Rozhkov Anton , Smith Janet , Zellner Moira 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFor the 2020 Census, the U.S. Census Bureau developed the Low Response Score (LRS) to predict census self‐response participation. Based on a previous hard‐to‐count metric, which accounts for people who are difficult to survey or count, the LRS was undoubtedly an improvement over previous census effort. However, census response behaviour can be sensitive to inter‐ and intrastate locational and socioeconomic differences; in other words, geographic differences should be accounted for prediction. In this study, we strive to assess the assumption that geographic difference influences census participation and is one of the key factors in predictive models. The framework presented in this study is composed of three steps: (i) detecting the geographic differences in census participation; (ii) building a statistical model to estimate impact of geographic difference on response rates; and (iii) comparing the model results with actual final self‐response rates of the 2020 Census to suggest policy implications. Our findings confirmed that geographic differences in census participation matter, independent of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. The results show that the combined impacts of sociodemographic and geographic factors are important in estimating census participation. Our findings also show high accuracy in predicting census responses with a parsimonious model that includes variables for geographic differences. The results suggest a localized approach with consideration of the geographic differences, as well as different populations and neighbourhoods within a state to tailor outreach campaigns for greater effectiveness and impact.
Neighbourhood effects on early adulthood family life courses: A trajectory‐based approach
Authors: Buyukkececi Zafer 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study maps early adulthood family life courses from ages 15 to 28 and tests whether they are causally linked to neighbourhood conditions with an instrumental strategy in the United States using Add Health data. Results show that the risk of sorting into pathways typified by early childbearing regardless of relationship status was higher in disadvantaged neighbourhoods. The instrumental variable strategy further showed that pathways characterized by single parenthood and early marriage with multiple children increased significantly with neighbourhood disadvantage, whereas other significant associations disappeared in these analyses. Overall, the results highlight the importance of considering multiple family events as a process outcome to understand the impact of neighbourhood conditions. Indeed, neighbourhood deprivation may lead to life courses associated with nonconventional outcomes. While some of the observed neighbourhood effects may be driven by selection bias in the United States, not all effects are necessarily due to selection and depend on the longitudinal family trajectories. These results were supported by several robustness tests, including the use of an alternative instrumental variable, as the main models suggested weak identification.
Cross‐border marriages in pre‐ and post‐handover Hong Kong
Authors: Lui Hon‐Kwong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGiven the ever‐increasing economic and social ties with the Mainland, Hong Kong‐Mainland cross‐border marriage patterns experienced significant changes after the handover. The proportion of cross‐border marriages only accounted for 2% of marriages registered in Hong Kong in the pre‐handover period but jumped to 34.7% after the handover. This study examines the impact of stronger economic ties and weakened social and cultural boundaries on the patterns of assortative mating in cross‐border marriages. As most of the cross‐border workers from Hong Kong are males, they have increasing opportunities for social interaction with Mainland women in communities and social circles in the Mainland. After the handover, the language skills of residents on both sides showed significant improvement and this can enhance the possibility of finding a marriage partner across the border. Empirical results suggest a weaker positive assortative mating in respect of age and educational attainment among Hong Kong husband‐Mainland wife couples after the handover. Previous studies suggest that marital partner selection reflects the strength of social boundaries and the strength of these boundaries should be stronger for cross‐border marriages. The results of this paper support the view that stronger economic ties and weakened social and cultural boundaries do promote cross‐border marriages and negative assortative mating in these marriages.
Crocin molecular signaling pathways at a glance: A comprehensive review
Authors: Boozari Motahareh , Hosseinzadeh Hossein 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCrocin is a hydrophilic carotenoid that is synthesized in the flowers of theCrocusgenus. Numerous in vitro and in vivo research projects have been published about the biological and pharmacological properties and toxicity of crocin. Crocin acts as a memory enhancer, anxiolytic, aphrodisiac, antidepressant, neuroprotective, and so on. Here, we introduce an updated and comprehensive review of crocin molecular mechanisms based on previously examined and mentioned in the literature. Different studies confirmed the significant effect of crocin to control pathological conditions, including oxidative stress, inflammation, metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. The neuroprotective effect of crocin could be related to the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Notch, and cyclic‐AMP response element‐binding protein signaling pathways. The crocin also protects the cardiovascular system through the inhibitory effect on toll‐like receptors. The regulatory effect of crocin on PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMP‐activated protein kinase, mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPK), and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor pathways can play an effective role in the treatment of metabolic disorders. The crocin has anticancer activity through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, vascular endothelial growth factor, Wnt/β‐catenin, and Janus kinases‐signal transducer and activator of transcription suppression. Also, the nuclear factor‐erythroid factor 2‐related factor 2 and p53 signaling pathway activation may be effective in the anticancer effect of crocin. Finally, among signaling pathways regulated by crocin, the most important ones seem to be those related to the regulatory effect on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Evaluating the Effect of Nanosized CoCuFe2O4 for Thermal Decomposition of Nitrotriazolone High Energetic Material
Authors: Dave Pragnesh N , Sirach Ruksana , Deshpande Milind P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWet chemical synthesis was used to produce nanosize Cobalt‐Copper‐Ferrite (CoCuFe2O4 or CCF), which was then analyzed using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Infrared spectroscopy (IR), and Raman spectroscopy. The impact of synthesized CCF on the thermal decomposition of the insensitive high energetic material namely 3‐nitro‐2,4‐dihydro‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5‐one (NTO) at the micron (NTO) and nanoscales (nNTO) was investigated using thermal analysis data acquired at 5, 10, and 15 °C min−1 heating rates. Non‐isothermal approaches such as Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose (KAS), Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa (FWO), and iterative methods were utilized to determine the kinetic parameters of the decomposition process. The findings indicate that CCF can affect both the onset and peak temperature of micro as well as nanosize NTO. The activation energy of nNTO containing 5 % by mass CCF (nNTO:CCF) was much lower than that of pure NTO and the log A value proposed a quicker nNTO :CCF decomposition. nNTO:CCF has the potential to replace NTO in energetic formulations comprising NTO
Schumpeter vs. Keynes redux: “Still not dead”
Authors: Dalton John T. , Gaeto Lillian R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDiamond's study compares the citation time series for Schumpeter and Keynes from 1956 to 2006. Citations to Schumpeter steadily increase throughout the period, whereas citations to Keynes begin to level off and then trend slightly downward beginning in the 1990s. As a result, citations to Schumpeter begin to outstrip those to Keynes. This paper replicates Diamond's study and extends the analysis to 2017, incorporating citations since the onset of the Great Recession. The replication confirms the results in Diamond's study. The analysis beyond 2006 shows citations to Schumpeter remain larger than to Keynes, but citations to Keynes undergo a resurgence due to the Great Recession. Google Trends data for Schumpeter and Keynes are compared and provide evidence showing the heightened interest in Keynes during the Great Recession. For example, in the United States, the peak of Keynes's search interest occurs in February 2009, 5 months after Lehman Brothers declared bankruptcy.
Prediction using T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging‐based radiomics of residual uterine myoma regrowth after high‐intensity focused ultrasound ablation
Authors: Zhou Y. , Zhang J. , Chen J. , Yang C. , Gong C. , Li C. , Li F. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo develop and evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based radiomics models for predicting residual myoma regrowth within 1 year after high‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation of uterine myomas.MethodsA retrospective analysis of residual myoma regrowth within 1 year was performed on 428 myomas in 339 patients who were diagnosed with uterine myoma and treated with HIFU ablation in two hospital centers. In total, 851 radiomics features were extracted from T2‐weighted images (T2WI) obtained 1 day after HIFU ablation, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator in the training cohort (n = 243) was employed to select radiomics features. Support vector machines were adopted to develop radiomics, clinicoradiological and combined radiomics–clinical models to predict residual myoma regrowth, defined as an increase in residual myoma volume of > 10% between that at day 1 post HIFU and that at follow‐up MRI within 1 year. These models were validated in both internal (n = 81) and external (n = 104) test cohorts. The predictive performance and clinical application of these models were assessed using receiver‐operating‐characteristics‐curve analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) and decision‐curve analysis.ResultsThe AUCs of the T2WI‐based radiomics prediction model in the internal and external test cohorts were 0.834 (95% CI, 0.747–0.920) and 0.801 (95% CI, 0.712–0.889), respectively, and those of the clinicoradiological model were 0.888 (95% CI, 0.816–0.960) and 0.912 (95% CI, 0.851–0.973), respectively. The combined model had better predictive performance than either the radiomics or the clinicoradiological model, with AUC values of 0.922 (95% CI, 0.857–0.987) and 0.930 (95% CI, 0.880–0.980) in the internal and external test cohorts, respectively. Decision‐curve analysis also indicated that application of the combined model has clinical value, this model achieving more net benefits than the other two models.ConclusionT2WI‐based radiomics features can predict effectively the occurrence of residual myoma regrowth within 1 year after HIFU ablation of uterine myomas, which serves as an accurate and convenient reference for clinical decision‐making. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Researching the Management of Family Farms: Promote Planning or Bolster Bricolage?
Authors: Darnhofer Ika 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn research, farm management may be approached from the perspective of economic rationality or studied using sociologically-inflected approaches. This article invites researchers to reflect upon the – often implicit – assumptions underlying their chosen research approach, regarding the rationality of family farmers and the dynamics of the broader context in which they manage their farm. To illustrate how different these assumptions may be, the article contrasts two ideal types, economic versus peasant rationality. They can be linked to different worldviews and lead to distinct recommendations for farm management: while one builds on a mechanistic worldview and promotes planning, the other builds on a complexity worldview and bolsters bricolage. Being aware of the assumptions underlying our research is important, not least given the performativity of research.
Contingent Valuation: How Opportunity Costs Influence the Stated Willingness to Pay
Authors: Morawetz Ulrich B. , Koemle Dieter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe contingent valuation method is often used to estimate the willingness to pay for changes in a public good (e.g., water quality, public transport or food safety). We show how the stated willingness to pay changes when respondents to a contingent valuation survey believe their response affects not only the provision of the public good offered, but also the provision of an alternative public good in case the government cannot provide both goods. Empirical evidence suggests that at least 10 % of respondents consider alternative public goods when responding to contingent valuation surveys. Consequently, practitioners need to make sure that respondents are not influenced by the value of alternative public goods.