bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting in vitro regeneration in the model tree Populus trichocarpa: II. Heritability estimates, correlations among explant types, and genetic interactions with treatments among wild genotypes
Authors: Ma Cathleen , Duan Chenyang , Jiang Yuan , Nagle Michael , Peremyslova Ekaterina , Goddard Amanda , Strauss Steven H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To enhance the sensitivity of an ongoing Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) for in vitro shoot regeneration and genetic transformation, a wide range of factors that can affect regeneration rate and, therefore, expression of genetic diversity were studied. Included were explant types and sources; direct versus indirect regeneration; nitrogen salts and micronutrient levels in basal medium; sucrose, auxin, and cytokinin types and levels; light intensity and quality; melatonin and serotonin; antibiotics (to exogenously control contaminants); antioxidants; and the ethylene-mitigating agent silver nitrate. Genotype was a statistically significant source of variance in response to nearly every treatment and for every measure of regeneration noted in shoots and roots, and initial generation of callus. Nonetheless, broad-sense heritability estimates varied widely as a result of variable degrees of environmental modification and statistical interactions with genotype. Compared to leaves, stem and petiole explants were highly correlated in their expression of genetic variation in response to treatments, a likely result of their functional similarity. Based on literature review, this study appears to be the most intensive analysis of plant natural genetic variation in response to in vitro manipulations published. It should help to guide development of improved and highly heritable treatments in other plant species that employ organogenic regeneration systems.
Orbital Cavernous Venous Malformation in a 35-Year-Old Man: A Case Report
Authors: Jaxa-Kwiatkowski A. , Tomczyk-Kurza K. , Gerber H. , Kubiak M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this article we present a case of a 35-year-old patient with a massive 43 × 35 × 34 mm cavernous venous malformation of the left orbit. The orbital lesion was initially observed in 2008 and remained untreated to 2021 due to the patient’s refusal to consent to the surgical procedure; which caused the tumor to grow to monstrous dimensions.
Renal FGF23 signaling depends on redox protein Memo1 and promotes orthovanadate-sensitive protein phosphotyrosyl phosphatase activity
Authors: Bartos Katalin , Ramakrishnan Suresh Krishna , Braga-Lagache Sophie , Hänzi Barbara , Durussel Fanny , Prakash Sridharan Arjun , Zhu Yao , Sheehan David , Hynes Nancy E. , Bonny Olivier , Moor Matthias B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMemo1 deletion in mice causes premature aging and an unbalanced metabolism partially resembling Fgf23 and Klotho loss-of-function animals. We report a role for Memo’s redox function in renal FGF23-Klotho signaling using mice with postnatally induced Memo deficiency in the whole body (cKO). Memo cKO mice showed impaired FGF23-driven renal ERK phosphorylation and transcriptional responses. FGF23 actions involved activation of oxidation-sensitive protein phosphotyrosyl phosphatases in the kidney. Redox proteomics revealed excessive thiols of Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor 1 (Rho-GDI1) in Memo cKO, and we detected a functional interaction between Memo’s redox function and oxidation at Rho-GDI1 Cys79. In isolated cellular systems, Rho-GDI1 did not directly affect FGF23-driven cell signaling, but we detected disturbed Rho-GDI1 dependent small Rho-GTPase protein abundance and activity in the kidney of Memo cKO mice. Collectively, this study reveals previously unknown layers in the regulation of renal FGF23 signaling and connects Memo with the network of small Rho-GTPases.
Profitability of Supplemental Irrigation and Soil Dewatering for Potato Production in Atlantic Canada: Insights from Historical Yield and Weather Data
Authors: Jiang Yefang , Stetson Tobin , Kostic Ana , Anderson Scott , Ramsay Matt 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHighly variable and unpredictable precipitation in humid regions makes water management important for consistent potato production. This study assessed the influence of supplemental irrigation (SI) and soil dewatering on potato productivity and profitability in Prince Edward Island, Canada. The average yields of Russet Burbank (RB), Shepody, Kennebec and Goldrush cultivars from 2000 to 2020 (excluding 2018) were conceptualized as the results of an un-replicated experiment with growing season (GS) precipitation representing water supply treatment. GS precipitation varied from 155 to 479 mm, with an average of 338 mm. Yield increased with increasing GS precipitation in the 155–﻿257 mm range (Rainfall Zone 1; 3/20 seasons), became relatively insensitive to GS precipitation in the 258–425 mm range (Rainfall Zone 2; 12/20 seasons), and decreased as GS precipitation increased from 426 to 479 mm (Rainfall Zone 3; 5/20 seasons). Yields responded to GS precipitation following second-order polynomial regressions, with GS precipitation explaining 69%, 65%, 29% and 50% of yield variation for RB, Shepody, Kennebec and Goldrush cultivars, respectively. These yield regression equations predict that SI using a center-pivot system would produce a positive profit in the first half of Rainfall Zone 1 regardless of field size and in the second half of Rainfall Zone 1 in fields over 40 ha. SI would not produce a positive profit in Rainfall Zone 2 regardless of field size because precipitation was high enough that additional water supply would not have resulted in sufficient yield gains to offset the cost of SI. Soil dewatering would be beneficial for optimal production in Rainfall Zone 3 in which precipitation was excessive. The annual variation in precipitation, unpredictability of SI requirements, and unprofitability in most seasons, present a significant financial barrier for the widespread implementation of SI. On the other hand, the gross income gained from increased yields by soil dewatering would fully cover the cost of tile drain installation after only two to three extremely wet seasons, making tile drainage a good investment for consistent production. This study demonstrates that historical rain-fed yield and weather data can be used to assess the economics of potato production with SI and soil dewatering, and provides important insights on potato water management in a humid temperate climate.
Geology and lithology of the Tagay-1 section at Olkhon Island (Lake Baikal, Eastern Siberia), and description of Aplodontidae, Mylagaulidae and Sciuridae (Rodentia, Mammalia)
Authors: Daxner-Höck Gudrun , Mörs Thomas , Filinov Ivan , Shchetnikov Alexander , Erbajeva Margarita A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExcavations along the Tagay-1 section shed light into the composition of small mammal assemblages of the Tagay site. The present paper focuses on the geology and geomorphology of Olkhon Island, the lithology and fossil evidence along the Tagay-1 section and descriptions of the aplodontid, mylagaulid and sciurid rodents. The described fossils are isolated teeth of four taxa, Ansomys sp. (Aplodontidae), Lamugaulus olkhonensis Tesakov and Lopatin, 2015 (Mylagaulidae), Sciuridae indet. and Spermophilinus debruijni nov. spec. (Sciuridae). The archaic tooth pattern of these rodents suggests an age around the Early/Middle Miocene transition.
A New Set of Criteria for Units of Selection
Authors: Bourrat Pierrick 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article proposes two conditions to assess whether an entity at a level of description is a unit of selection qua interactor. These two conditions make it possible to (1) distinguish biologically relevant entities from arbitrary ones and (2) distinguish units that can potentially enter a selection process from those that have already done so. I show that the classical approaches used in the literature on units and levels of selection do not fare well with respect to either or both of these desiderata.
Back to Chromatin: ENCODE and the Dynamic Epigenome
Authors: Lamm Ehud , Veigl Sophie Juliane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe “Encyclopedia of DNA Elements” (ENCODE) project was launched by the US National Human Genome Research Institute in the aftermath of the Human Genome Project (HGP). It aimed to systematically map the human transcriptome, and held the promise that identifying potential regulatory regions and transcription factor binding sites would help address some of the perplexing results of the HGP. Its initial results published in 2012 produced a flurry of high-impact publications as well as criticisms. Here we put the results of ENCODE and the work on epigenomics that followed in a broad theoretical and historical context, focusing on three strands of research. The first is the history of thinking about the organization of genomes, both physical and regulatory. The second is the history of ideas about gene regulation, primarily in eukaryotes. Finally, and connecting these two issues, we suggest how to think about the role of genetic material in physiology and development.
Clinic and diagnostics of house dust mite allergy
Authors: Brehler Randolf 
Published: November 2022

SummaryHouse dust mite allergens are common triggers for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and allergic asthma; they can aggravate atopic dermatitis and rarely lead to anaphylactic reactions due to dust mite allergens in food. Typical symptoms are nasal obstruction, sneezing, and irritation, and more often than in pollen allergy, allergic asthma also develops. The symptomatology exists in principle throughout the year with maximum complaints in autumn and winter. Of particular importance are sleep disturbances due to nasal obstruction, which lead to restrictions in the quality of life and performance of affected patients. Sensitization can be proven by skin tests and detection of serum allergen-specific IgE antibodies; proof of allergy is achieved by nasal or conjunctival provocation tests. The diagnosis of local allergic rhinitis can only be made by provocation or by determination of allergen-specific IgE antibodies in nasal secretions. The quality of the allergen extract used is essential for all tests; it must contain the allergens to which a patient is sensitized. The concentration of Der p 23 in house dust mite extracts is particularly critical.
Allergen characteristics, quality, major allergen content and galenics for mite allergen-specific immunotherapy preparations
Authors: Brehler Randolf , Klimek Ludger 
Published: November 2022

SummaryHouse dust mite extracts for allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) require in Germany as other common allergens (pollen from sweet grasses [except maize], birch, alder, hazel; bee and wasp venom) marketing authorisation according to the German Therapy Allergen Ordinance (“Therapieallergene-Verordnung”, [TAV]). Mite allergen extracts that have been approved and also those which are in the approval process are subject to government batch testing. Batch test passing is a prerequisite for marketability. Appropriate quality, efficacy, and safety are prerequisites for the approval of house dust mite extracts. Five HDM allergen extracts from four manufacturers are currently approved in Germany for subcutaneous or sublingual therapy; further extracts are in the approval process. The allergen strength of different products is not comparable; manufacturers use company-specific units to describe the strength. Of the three known major allergens (Group 1 allergens: Der p 1, Der f 1, Group 2 allergens: Der p 2, Der f 2 and Group 23: Der p 23, Der f 23) only Group 1 and Group 2 allergens are usually used to standardize the extracts. Group 23 allergens are localized in the outer membrane of mite faeces, and elution requires special extraction methods. To be efficacious in a single patient an allergen extracts used for AIT must contain all allergen components against which the patient is sensitised. Based on post hoc analyses of large clinical studies, it has been proven for house dust mite tablets that Der p 23 is also contained. In Germany, the Paul Ehrlich Institute is responsible for the approval of therapeutic allergens. For the marketing authorisation information on production procedures, and quality are necessary efficacy and safety (positive benefit risk ratio) of the product must be demonstrated in clinical trials according to the current state of the art.
Salvage Logging Strongly Affects Woodpecker Abundance and Reproduction: a Meta-analysis
Authors: Basile Marco , Krištín Anton , Mikusiński Grzegorz , Thorn Simon , Żmihorski Michał , Pasinelli Gilberto , Brockerhoff Eckehard G. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Wildfires, wind storms, and pest outbreaks are the main large-scale disturbances of temperate and boreal forests, which often generate large amounts of deadwood in the landscape. Salvage and sanitation loggings (hereafter salvage logging) are usually practiced following such disturbance events and the generated deadwood is then extracted from the forest. Those practices affect a broad array of species, including fungi, lichens, invertebrates, and vertebrates that make use of deadwood either as habitat, food resource, foraging substrate, or as shelter. Woodpeckers, being a key group of forest birds dependent on deadwood, can be affected by salvage logging in two ways: (1) a reduction in the availability of food (i.e. removal of deadwood along with the saproxylic and predatory invertebrates that usually colonize dead or dying trees following forest disturbances) and (2) a decrease in potential nest sites due to the removal of dead trees. Therefore, we assessed the global effects of salvage logging on woodpecker abundance and reproduction by conducting a meta-analysis of published and unpublished data. We focused on comparing woodpeckers’ responses to forest disturbance in salvage-logged and unlogged sites. We considered different types of responses found in the literature, including abundance, occurrence, nest density, and breeding success. When analyzing the responses of woodpeckers, we also accounted for the potential effects of tree density, time since logging, elevation, latitude, and the continent.

Recent Findings
We found that both numbers and reproduction of woodpeckers were affected by salvage logging following a disturbance event. Apart from salvage logging, woodpecker responses were not significantly related to any other variables. This highlights that salvage logging can pose a substantial threat to woodpecker assemblages as well as secondary cavity-users dependent on them.

Summary
Salvage logging and related practices that affect deadwood availability should be carefully planned and preferably avoided entirely in areas important for woodpecker conservation. In managed forests, deadwood should be retained in sufficient quantities to avoid detrimental impacts on woodpeckers and on forest biodiversity in general.
Incumbents’ Capabilities for Sustainability-Oriented Innovation in the Norwegian Food Sector—an Integrated Framework
Authors: Gonera Antje , Nykamp Hilde Andrea , Carraresi Laura 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe urgency of sustainability transition requires large incumbents in the food industry to implement sustainability-oriented innovation (SOI). However, the high concentration of the food sector and the complexity of the sustainability concept make its understanding and overall transition challenging and slow. Incumbents would need to drive the transition by redesigning business models and practices and acquiring new competencies to integrate sustainability into their innovation strategy. This paper has a twofold aim: (I) analyzing the evolution of sustainability understanding over time and (II) evaluating the extent of dynamic capabilities of food incumbents to foster SOI. We developed an integrated theoretical framework combining the theory of dynamic capabilities with aspects of SOI and applied it to the case of the Norwegian food industry. We interviewed eight food incumbents and one food industry association, and we reviewed their annual and sustainability reports from 2016 till 2020. Key findings show a high strategic activity in SOI, as well as a notable and industry-wide ambiguity about what sustainability means in the food sector. Most companies reveal both an adaptive and expanding behavior implementing conscious sustainability-integrated product and process innovations. Most innovations are incremental without a radical modification of business models. Some exceptions have been detected resembling transformative changes. Clear initiatives of moving away from a linear supply chain to a more systematic approach are currently happening through food system collaborations.
Connecting theory of plasmoid-modulated reconnection to observations of solar flares
Authors: Hillier Andrew , Takasao Shinsuke 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The short timescale of the solar flare reconnection process has long proved to be a puzzle. Recent studies suggest the importance of the formation of plasmoids in the reconnecting current sheet, with quantifying the aspect ratio of the width to length of the current sheet in terms of a negative power

$ \alpha $

of the Lundquist number, that is,

$ {S}^{-\alpha } $

, being key to understanding the onset of plasmoids formation. In this paper, we make the first application of theoretical scalings for this aspect ratio to observed flares to evaluate how plasmoid formation may connect with observations. For three different flares that show plasmoids we find a range of

$ \alpha $

values of

$ \alpha =0.26 $

to

$ 0.31 $

. The values in this small range implies that plasmoids may be forming before the theoretically predicted critical aspect ratio (

$ \alpha =1/3 $

) has been reached, potentially presenting a challenge for the theoretical models.
Reduced cerebral cortex thickness is related to overexpression of exosomal miR-146a-5p in medication-free patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Deng Yanjia , Gong Ping , Han Shuguang , Zhang Jingyu , Zhang Shuai , Zhang Bin , Lin Yong , Xu Kai , Wen Ge , Liu Kai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have confirmed that miR-146a-5p overexpression suppresses neurogenesis, thereby enhancing depression-like behaviors. However, it remains unclear how miR-146a-5p dysregulation produces in vivo brain structural abnormalities in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsIn this case–control study, we combined cortical morphology analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and miR-146a-5p quantification to investigate the neuropathological effect of miR-146a-5p on cortical thickness in MDD patients. Serum-derived exosomes that were considered to readily cross the blood-brain barrier and contain miR-146a-5p were isolated for miRNA quantification. Moreover, follow-up MRI scans were performed in the MDD patients after 6 weeks of antidepressant treatment to further validate the clinical relevance of the relationship between miR-146a-5p and brain structural abnormalities.ResultsIn total, 113 medication-free MDD patients and 107 matched healthy controls were included. Vertex-vise general linear model revealed miR-146a-5p-dependent cortical thinning in MDD patients compared with healthy individuals, i.e., overexpression of miR-146a-5p was associated with reduced cortical thickness in the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior cingulate cortex, bilateral lateral occipital cortices (LOCs), etc. Moreover, this relationship between baseline miR-146a-5p and cortical thinning was nonsignificant for all regions in the patients who had received antidepressant treatment, and higher baseline miR-146a-5p expression was found to be related to greater longitudinal cortical thickening in the left OFC and right LOC.ConclusionsThe findings of this study reveal a relationship between miR-146a-5p overexpression and cortical atrophy and thus may help specify the in vivo mediating effect of miR-146a-5p dysregulation on brain structural abnormalities in patients with MDD.
A compact triple band-notched quasi-self-complementary UWB MIMO antenna decoupled by SRRs
Authors: Su Jinrong , Li Yanling , Chen Xinwei , Han Guorui , Zhang Wenmei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a compact four-element quasi-self-complementary (QSC) ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple-input multiple-output antenna with triple band-notched characteristics is proposed. Coplanar waveguides fed QSC structure is designed as radiation element to achieve wideband and small size. Besides, regular hexagonal split-ring resonators with single negative properties are designed and added on the back of the substrate to obtain high isolation in the whole operating band. Moreover, a double-fork-shaped slit is etched in each radiating element to generate three notched bands covering 3.63–4.24, 5.15–5.98, and 7.17–8 GHz. The experiment results indicate that the isolation of the proposed antenna is higher than 22 dB and the peak gain varies from 2.5 to 6.7 dB in the entire band of 3–18 GHz, which demonstrates that it is suitable for UWB applications.
Resilient rivers and connected marine systems: a review of mutual sustainability opportunities
Authors: Hansen Henry H. , Bergman Eva , Cowx Ian G. , Lind Lovisa , Pauna Valentina H. , Willis Kathryn A. 
Published: November 2022

Non-technical summary
Rivers are crucial to the water cycle, linking the landscape to the sea. Human activities, including effluent discharge, water use and fisheries, have transformed the resilience of many rivers around the globe. Sustainable development goal (SDG) 14 prioritizes addressing many of the same issues in marine ecosystems. This review illustrates how rivers contribute directly and indirectly to SDG 14 outcomes, and also provides ways to potentially address them through a river to sea view on policy, management and research.

Technical summary
The United Nations initiated the SDGs to produce ‘a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the planet, now and into the future’. Established in 2015, progress of SDGs directed at the aquatic environment is slow despite an encroaching 2030 deadline. The modification of flow regimes combined with other anthropogenic pressures underpin ecological impacts across aquatic ecosystems. Current SDG 14 targets (life below water) do not incorporate the interrelationships of rivers and marine systems systematically, nor do they provide recommendations on how to improve existing management and policy in a comprehensive manner. Therefore, this review aims to illustrate the linkages between rivers and marine ecosystems concerning the SDG 14 targets and to illustrate land to sea-based strategies to reach sustainability goals. We provide an applied case study to show how opportunities can be explored. We review three major areas where mutual opportunities are present: (1) rivers contribute to marine and estuary ecosystem resilience (targets 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.5); (2) resilient rivers are part of the global fisheries sustainability concerns (targets 14.4, 14.6, 14.7, 14.B) and (3) enhancing marine policy and research from a river and environmental flows perspective (targets 14.A, 14.C).

Social media summary
Restoring resilience to rivers and their environmental flows helps fulfil SDG 14.