bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Efficacy of Drone Application in Chemical Spraying at Paddy Field MADA Kedah
Authors: Rosedi F A , Shamsi S M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Although chemical spraying was critical in paddy management, not all methods were efficient and effective. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of manual spraying versus drone spraying in a paddy field. The research was conducted at rice granaries in Kampung Alor Gandak, Mukim Limbong, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia. Despite the challenges of modern technology, many farmers continue to rely on low-tech practises rather than advanced methods. Following that, only a few farmers in Malaysia began to use drones for chemical spraying. This demonstrates that only a minority of farmers are aware of and accept the use of drones in paddy field management. The field efficiency was calculated and proven that the field efficiency improved by 9.08% as after the application of drone spraying. The result has shown that drone spraying has the higher efficacy and the correlation also strong. The regression shown that drone spraying has the higher percentage of yield to be explained with the time taken of spraying. Conclusively, the results can encourage the improvement of mechanization quality in an effort increase the field efficiency as to increase the yield that can lead to profit gained for the growers.
The Use of NDVI Algorithm in Predicting the Productivity of Rice Fields of Talang District of Solok Regency
Authors: Berd I , Ekaputra E G , Yanti D , Stiyanto E 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Estimates of rice production carried out in conventional ways require high costs and a long time, when compared to remote sensing technology. Surveying land conditions using remote sensing satellite technology besides the time of obtaining information is fast and cheap, as well as the survey area is wide and the information got is more sustainable. This study aims to predict the productivity of crop yields (crop yield) of rice fields using the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) algorithm. Research conducted by methods of observation and data processing comprises several stages, namely data pre-processing, analysis of index vegetation until extracted, followed by making a working map for observation and validation of the field. Field results as a consideration of the correlation of the value of vegetation index to the phase of growth and average productivity in the area. The results of the analysis showed the value of NDVI observed as a sign of production that occurred was in the generative phase 2 in the 2nd week of July based on trends that occurred in Talang district of Solok Regency. The results of the actual production data validation test and the use of the NDVI algorithm resulted in an NSE (Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency) value of 0.868 with the category “Good”.
Grape Women Farmer’s Group Dynamics: Learn from “Arimbi” in Bantul Indonesia
Authors: Rozaki Z , Prasetiani R , Indardi  , Ariffin A S , Ramli M F , Utami S S , Proklamalatu M A 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn general female farmer group has unique characteristic comparing male farmer group, where the bonding and activities often more intense. Using qualitative approach, this study aims to analyse the “Arimbi” grape women farmers group (KWT) dynamics in Bantul Indonesia. It involves some key persons within the group, data were collected through depth interview and observation. Most of group members understand the group purpose, this understanding can lead them to have more sense of belonging and motivation to support the group targets. Routing meeting is hold to keep the group unity. Leadership is important, the leader should have ability to lead, share, protect, and responsible. Through the group, female farmers are proven can increase their knowledge regarding grape farming, so they can increase the production and get more economic. Also, the social interaction makes them can build strong bond with each other. Giving equal access to KWT can help the agriculture sector develop better.
A Study on Consumers Intention in Purchasing Organic Food: Case Study at Kuantan, Pahang
Authors: Nordin N S A , Ruslan N A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Organic food purchase intention as the probability and willingness of an individual to give preference to organic food over conventional food in their purchase consideration. Inadequate of information and knowledge among consumer regarding to organic food is the reason for them not to purchase organic food as their preference. Besides that, the price of organic foods is expensive as compared to inorganic food. The limitation of availability of the organic food also can cause the imbalance in the supply and demand in the field of organic food. Hence, the study was carried out to examine factors that influence consumer’s intention in purchasing organic food. Data collection through questionnaires was obtained from 384 consumers in Kuantan by using face to face interview. This study employed random sampling technique to collect the useful data and information from consumer. Therefore, the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) was used to examine the consumer’s intention in purchasing organic food. Exploratory factor analysis was used to analyse the gathered data. Based on the factor analysis, four factors were extracted that can influence the intention of consumer in purchasing organic food. These factors were knowledge, environmental concern, availability and health concern. The findings of this study suggest that the availability of organic food, environmental concern, health concern and consumer knowledge were significantly influence the intention in purchasing organic food among consumers. Thus, organic food gives more benefit to the consumer and provide them with better health and lifestyle.
The role of women in rural development: lesson learnt from Nagari Indudur, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Mutiara V I , Yuerlita  , Febriamansyah R 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Women play an important contribution to the agriculture and rural economy. However, agriculture sector is underperforming in some developing countries because women, who are an important resources in agriculture and the rural economy, facing some obstacles that lower their productivity. The fact that both men and women play an important role in rural development, in this paper, we identify an empirical evidence from Nagari Indudur in West Sumatra, Indonesia, and show to what degree women’s contribution in rural development. Differences of women and men by gender are based on cultures, community values and norms, so that gender construct may differ from one society to another. West Sumatra is known for its matrilineal culture. In the case of marriage, the inheritance of family property using maternal lineage. This study was done by a descriptive method using gender sensitive analysis. There were 55 female respondents were interviewed. All of the respondents are member of “Selembar Daun”, the only women’s group in Nagari Indudur that were play important role in its rural development. It was found that female time use is not only in reproductive activities, but also in productive activities, and social and political activities. In terms of reproductive activities, the women manage complex household activities. For productive activities, they involve in producing agricultural crops and forest products, such as candlenut, which then they process into candle nut oil. The added value of candle nut oil has made the product can be sold in higher price. This has led to additional income for the household. In terms of social and political activities, the women involve actively in women’s group activities. It was also found that some women are involved in the cash economy, where the men work outside the Nagari for wages. As a result, women have to take more responsibility for agricultural tasks while their husband are away in wage labor, while at the same time women heavily involved in reproductive roles. In term of access and control of resources, it was found that both men and women are equally have access to and control over the resources.
The Effect of Pandemic Covid 19 Towards Operational Activities in Oil Palm Production
Authors: Ma’soad N A , Khairuddin F 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 has affected the operation of many sectors including the agriculture sector. The outbreak of COVID-19 has effect operational activities especially in the Oil Palm plantation. This study is aimed to identify the effect of pandemic COVID-19 on operational activities in oil Palm production. The effect of operational activities that are being studied is a worker’s health condition, access to input supply, the management of field operation, and the cost of production. Through data collection method by questionnaire were distributed to 35 respondents from Ladang Kumpulan Melayu Kota Tinggi, Johor. Based on demographic analysis, most of the respondents have more than 20 years of experience in the field. Based on the study, the management of field operation is the major effect that influences the oil palm production with β= 0.486 and correlation for relationship is 0.017. When the new legislation of standard operating procedure is implemented then it will influence oil palm production. The access to input supply has a significant difference with oil palm production due to pandemic COVID-19 rather than the other three variables. If the supply is limited, it also will affect the quality of the yield. When there is a movement control order (MCO), the company cannot access the input needed for operation in the oil palm plantation
Demotivation Factors That Influence Oil Palm Plantation Workers
Authors: Azman F , Isa N 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A condition where a person feels the absence of motivation is acknowledged as demotivation. A demotivated worker, for instance, can cause a loss for the company because it requires proper management from them to produce high productivity and quality of yield. Due to demotivation, they will not feel responsible towards their job maintaining the crops. Hence to avoid demotivation of workers, it is crucial for the company to find out the root cause. This study aims to investigate the relationship of remuneration, job stress, and workplace environment towards demotivation, and to identify the dominant factor for demotivation. The targeted respondent of this study is among FELCRA workers in Negeri Sembilan. By using Pearson correlation and multiple linear regressions, all the factors are proved to have significant relationship, and work environment factor is analysed as the dominant factor that causes demotivation to the workers. The result shows that the environment gives the most significant effect to workers’ demotivation in their workplace; it is suggested for employers to improve the work surrounding and provide a proper PPE needed by employees according to their work nature requirement. Besides that, both employer and employee need to keep a harmonious relationship with each other.
The Effect of Time and RPM on the Saponification Process to Get High Carotenoids
Authors: Cherie D , Makky M , Yuwita F , Sinambela J A , Melidawati  , Fauziah W K , Rahmi S , Guspa M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Red palm oil (RPO) is derived from the FFB of palm oil. Carotene in red palm oil or red palm oil cannot be obtained by ordinary processes. Various attempts were made to obtain carotene compounds by various methods of separation (extraction). Therefore, this study attempted to study the effect of the time and rotational speed of the rotary evaporator on the yield of carotenoid concentrates formed in the saponification process so that it would produce optimum carotenoid concentrates seen from the content of carotene and DOBI produced. The sample used was crude palm oil (CPO) which was processed in stages, namely transesterification, solvates micellization (SM), and saponification. The treatment was carried out in the saponification process, namely stirring time for 1.5 hours and 2 hours with each rotating speed of 1800 rpm, 2000 rpm, and 2200 rpm. In each process, carotenoids and DOBI values will increase. In the saponification process, the best treatment that produces high carotene and optimum DOBI is the stirring process at a speed of 1800 rpm for 1.5 hours. The time of stirring in the saponification process has a real effect on the value of carotene and the DOBI index.
A Study of Characterization Procedure for Non-destructive Testing of Soybean Seed based on Spectroscopy
Authors: Abadi F R , Masithoh R E , Sutiarso L , Rahayu S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Soybean is a staple food in Indonesia which the market demand is related to its nutritional content. It is necessary to characterize soybean quality based on the internal properties of soybeans. To improve production efficiency in quality control, non-destructive characterization of soybeans such as spectroscopy can be carried out. The research was a study to support the measurement procedure for soybean characterization based on spectroscopy. Parameters used include probing distance, probing angle and sample preparation mode. The result shown that all of the treatments were shown significantly different (p<0.05; T
cal.
>T
tab.
) except for 0 cm probing distance and 45° of probing angle. The best probing distance was at 0.5 cm, while the best probing angle was 90° with the sample preparation mode in the form of a single seed. This can be done as an effort to minimize measurement errors and optimize the results of spectra observations.
Effect of Pretreatment and Storage Room Air Pressure on Quality Attributes Changes of Paprika (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Maharani D M , Bintoro N , Karyadi J N W , Saputro A D 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Paprika is a perishable commodity either physically, mechanically, or microbiologically which greatly affects product quality during storage. A combination of pretreatments and low air pressure storage (hypobaric) can greatly reduce metabolic rate and possibly maintain better product quality during storage. The purpose of this study was to analyze the combined effects of pretreatments and hypobaric storage on the quality attributes of paprika consisting of skin color, soluble solids content, and acidity during storage. The pretreatments used were UV-C exposure at 3.0 kJ/m2, ozone gas exposure at 4.99 ppm, and control or without pretreatment before storage. While the hypobaric pressures used were 26 kPa (O2 concentration 5%), 64 kPa (O2 concentration 13%), and 101 kPa (O2 concentration 21%). Paprika quality was measured daily for 15 days of storage. The results showed that storage time and the interaction of storage time and hypobaric pressure were found to have a significant effect on the chroma, hue angle, color difference, solid soluble content, and acidity. Hypobaric pressure was known to be more influential than pretreatment before storage. In general, storage in a hypobaric condition resulted in better quality attributes of the samples than control.
A review of extraction and HPLC methods used for Melastomataceae and Asteraceae leaves in the analysis of flavonoids
Authors: Binti Ismail N H , Hamid N A , Latip S N H Md , Wan Mohd Zain W Z , Ramli N W 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) is one of the accurate chromatographic techniques that is widely used for analysis. This present review submitted the extraction and HPLC methods for determining the compound in Melastomataceae and Asteraceae families that related with insecticidal compounds. This review discusses the standard used for the compound and chromatographic conditions. There are several species under both families. As for the Melastomataceae family, the species are Melastoma malabathricum and Miconia albicans meanwhile, the species under the Asteraceae family are Santolina semidentata, Eupatorium littorale, and Vernonia condensata. This review focus on the flavonoid and phenolic compound as these compounds are categorized as an insecticidal compound. HPLC can be used in conjunction with several detection technologies to identify flavonoids and phenolics in the plant, food, and biological samples because it is a method for separating these molecules. As a result, the HPLC procedure for the chosen molecule was reviewed in this article, which will aid in further analysis.
The effects of biochar-compost on soil properties and plant growth performance grown in a sandy-loam soil
Authors: Izilan N I S , Sari N A , Othman N M I , Mustaffha S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Sandy soils properties with low nutrients availability and high porosity could be improved with the combination application of biochar-compost to increase the plant productivity. The objective of this study was to examine the impacts of different rates compost-biochar addition on sandy-loam soil properties and cabbage (Brassica chinensis L. var. parachinesis) growth performance. The oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar was pyrolyzed at temperature ranging between 450 to 500°C. Different rates of biochar-compost combination of 0 until 20 t/ha-1 were arranged in a randomized block design in the greenhouse. The cabbage was planted in the arranged polybag and plant growth parameter (leaf number, plant height and chlorophyll content) were measured. The incorporation of 10 and 20 t ha-1 biochar-compost with soil were showed significant increased in soil pH when compared to the non-amended soil. The application of highest rate which is 20 t ha-1 biochar-compost increased the soil exchangeable bases. Positive effects of biochar-compost addition also were found on plant height and dry weigh biomass at all application rates. The study showed that the application of biochar-compost has the potential to improve soil chemical properties and plant productivity.
Assessment the Volatile Organic Compound of Avocado during Ripening Process and Mechanical Damage Using Electronic-Nose System
Authors: Andasuryani  , Ifmalinda  
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The appearance of fruit color and texture of avocado is a quality parameter commonly used by consumers when choosing the fruit, they buy. Intention to repurchases could be determined by the fruit’s internal quality properties, such as taste associated with volatile organic compound (VOC). The quality of the fruit will decrease after harvesting. It is also susceptible to mechanical damage during harvest and post-harvest handling. This research aimed to identify VOC during the ripening process and mechanical damage of avocado using E-nose. A metal-oxide semiconductor-based electronic nose (E-Nose) system was used to determine the changes in volatile organic production. The results showed that VOC changes during the ripening period. In addition, there was a change of VOC in mechanically damaged fruit. This study shows the potential application of e-nose to identify mechanically damaged avocados.
Analysis the nutrient of bio-vermicompost with different techniques applications of some microbes and earthworms
Authors: Sebayang N U W , Sabrina T , Sari R M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Vermicompost is an organic fertilizer resulting from the decomposition of organic materials by utilizing earthworms. The presence of these microorganisms means that vermicompost contains compounds that are needed to increase soil fertility or for plant growth. This study aims to analyze the nutrients of bio-vermicompost with a combination of application techniques of beneficial microbes and earthworms. This study used a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor is the application of microbes and earthworms with 4 treatments, T0: without earthworm, T1: application microbe followed (one week) by earthworm, T2: application microbe and earthworm in same time, T3: application earthworm followed (one week) by microbe. The second factor is the type of microbe with 4 treatments, M1: Azospirillum sp, M2: Azotobacter chroococum, M3: Trichoderma asperellum, M4: Talaromyces pinophilus. The results showed that the application technique had a significant effect on C-organic, C/N ratio, pH, P2O5, and K2O. The combination of both treatments significantly affect to the water content. The highest N was found in A3M1 (earthworm application followed by Azospirillum) which was 2.19%. The combination of A2M2 (Application of earthworms and Azotobacter at the same time) is the best combination in increasing the content of P2O5 (1.225%) and K2O5 (2.245%).
Mycoremediation of Coconut Shell (Cocos Nucifera) with Ganoderma lucidum
Authors: Rosli T M , Jumali S S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In Malaysia, approximately 80,000 tons of coconut waste are dumped annually which is 6.7% of total agricultural waste. Not only these wastes are unsightly and putrid, but also are breeding ground for pests which may lead to health issues. In this study, investigation on mycoremediation of coconut shell was conducted through the exploitation of Ganoderma lucidum; a basidiomycete that secretes wood-degradative enzymes like Manganese Peroxidase (MnP), Lignin Peroxidase (LiP) and Laccase (Lac). The investigation on the degradation of Coconut Shell Powder (CSP) was conducted under Solid-State Fermentation (SSF) where the enzyme activity was found at 333.70 U/ml, 331.83 U/ml, 96.86 U/ml and 49.78 U/ml for 7 ml, 4 ml, 1 ml and 0 ml of spore solution, respectively. For the degradation percentage of CSP, 1 g of CSP showed the most efficient degradation by using 4 ml of spore solution as 88.04% reduction of mass was observed followed by 3g (35.01%) and 5 g (16.84%). Ligninolytic enzymes produced by G. lucidum pose potential in agrowaste management while reducing environmental issues.
Enzymatic activity and amino acid production by indigenous keratinolytic strains on the various poultry feather substrate
Authors: Fitriyanto N A , Ramadhanti Y , Rismiyati  , Rusyadi I , Pertiwiningrum A , Prasetyo R A , Erwanto Y 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the capability of extracellular protease to hydrolyze keratin substrates of local poultry feathers and observing the amino acid profile. The indigenous strains (Bacillus
cereus TD5B, Bacillus
cereus LS2B, and Pseudomonas sp. PK4) were used in this study, and the obtained data were analysed descriptively. Bacillus
cereus TD5B has a maximum activity at 0.003849062 unit/ml and 0.000310042 unit/ml on casein and commercial keratin substrates. Each hydrolyzed consisted of Aspartic Acid, Glutamic Acid, Serine, Glycine, Valine, Phenylalanine, Ileucine, Leucine, and Lysine. The differences between the three feather meals were on the amino acid’s concentration, the specific amino acid (Threonine) in the hydrolyzed kampung chicken feather meals, and the amino acid Alanine in the hydrolyzed layer feathers and also the goose feather meals. The SDS-PAGE results showed that the molecular weight of keratinase in the three hydrolyzed feather meals was observed at 100 kDa. In this study, the highest substrate degradation was observed by Bacillus
cereus TD5B at chicken layer feathers (21.25%). During 21 days, Bacillus
cereus LS2B could hydrolyze kampung feather at 38.8% during 23 days, and Pseudomonas sp. PK4 hydrolyzed kampung feather at 39.8% for 24 days.