bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Humanities and Public Policy: Forging Citizens and the Nation
Authors: Fisher-Livne Daniel , Gurwitz Beatrice , Hill Cecily Erin , Kidd Stephen , Muir Scott 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the evolution of state, local, and federal policies to promote engagement with the humanities in the United States from the Early Republic through the contemporary moment. It focuses particularly on policymakers’ efforts to support or influence educational institutions, libraries, museums, and historic sites. The authors argue that over time, humanities policy has largely focused on the value of the humanities to cultivating a prepared citizenry and forging shared narratives of the American experience, even as views of who comprised that citizenry and whose history and culture ought to be included in representations of the American experience have changed significantly.
Lessons for Positive Arts and Humanities from the Science of Meaning in Life
Authors: Wilkinson Alexis N. , King Laura A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter addresses the likely contributions of art and literature to meaning in life. First, the authors define meaning in life, describe its general features, and consider its place in human flourishing. They consider variables (particularly positive mood) that predict meaning in life and link these factors with the arts and humanities. Then, they consider the place of regularities and routines in meaning in life and place such experiences within the arts and humanities. They then consider the feeling of existential mattering as it relates to participation in culture. Finally, they draw an analogy between difficult times and difficult works of art and literature, and explore the ways that effortful meaning-making might contribute to the Good Life.
The Holiness of Wholeness: Religious Contributions to Human Flourishing
Authors: Pargament Kenneth I. , Wong Serena , Exline Julie J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter proposes that the essential contribution of religion to flourishing goes beyond any single factor. Instead, religion is concerned with human wholeness—that is, how people put the bits and pieces of their lives together into a coherent whole. What lends unity to the lives of many individuals is the focus on sacred matters. Religious institutions are most uniquely concerned with what people hold sacred and how they can develop and foster their relationship with ultimate concerns. Drawing on theory and research, this chapter examines three key ingredients of wholeness and their intimate connections to religion: the capacity to see and approach life with breadth and depth; a life-affirming view of oneself and the world; and the ability to organize the life journey into a cohesive whole. Wholeness may be understood as a superordinate virtue, a major key to human flourishing and life well-lived. Although the focus of this chapter is on “religion at its best,” the authors also acknowledge the darker side of religion and its capacity to lead to suffering and brokenness.
The Role of Passion in the Arts and Humanities: How Quality of Engagement Matters
Authors: Vallerand Robert J. , Sverdlik Anna , Bonneville-Roussy Arielle 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The arts and humanities are prevalent sources of passion. Whether it is through performing them or appreciating the performance of others, the type of passion that individuals have for the arts and humanities can shape a variety of outcomes. Following the model proposed by Tay, Pawelski, and colleagues (2018, 2019), the present chapter documents the role of passion for the arts and humanities in personal outcomes such as emotions, creativity, performance, well-being, and identity processes. Research on passion for the arts and humanities demonstrates that the type of passion matters: while engaging in the arts and humanities out of harmonious passion leads to adaptive outcomes and even protects against negative ones, being obsessively passionate may be maladaptive. Thus, while engagement in the arts and humanities has the potential to contribute to human flourishing, the quality of engagement matters for those who are passionate about these domains.
The Positive Humanities: Culture and Human Flourishing
Authors: Pawelski James O. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Positive Humanities are a new field of inquiry and practice concerned with the relationship between culture and human flourishing. They seek to understand the conceptual nuances of this relationship in a variety of contexts in different societies across time. They also investigate the practical effects of cultural engagement on human flourishing, with a particular emphasis on how such engagement can be intentionally optimized to help individuals and communities thrive. Grounded in the wisdom, narrative, aesthetic, and performance traditions of cultures across time and around the world (and thus always inclusive of the arts), they seek insights into the nature and development of human flourishing from this vast storehouse of human experience. The Positive Humanities are also informed by more recent efforts in the sciences to bring empirical methodologies to bear in the investigation of well-being, and their practical emphasis connects them to the educational institutions, creative industries, and cultural organizations through which the humanities are often studied and experienced. This chapter provides an introduction to the Positive Humanities, examining their complex relationship to historical and contemporary approaches to the humanities; exploring their connections to the science of well-being (especially positive psychology); identifying their domains of practical influence; clarifying their definition, aims, and commitments; and suggesting important future directions for the field.
A Walk in the Sun: The Awakening of Human Flourishing in Creative Youth Development
Authors: Chand O'Neal Ivonne 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Creative Youth Development (CYD) strategically employs the arts and humanities to promote flourishing in youth by linking arts programming to personal youth experiences, providing asset-based safe spaces that emphasize belonging, the development of relationships, and social skills at high levels of expectation to facilitate optimal learning among youth. The current chapter identifies the deep connections between the CYD movement and the study of human flourishing by first providing a brief progressive history of this work culminating in the discussion of two case studies—the Mosaic Model and Arts Amplify Youth!—illustrating how youth from diverse backgrounds found a place where, through the arts and humanities, they could be heard, could feel safe, and could surround themselves with adults and peers who genuinely cared about their well-being, while fostering their creativity, strengthening their sense of self, and developing their own voice to serve as advocates in their own communities.
Creativity and Human Flourishing
Authors: Runco Mark A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Creativity is related to effective problem-solving, adaptability, diverse indicators of success, and various indicators of health, learning, development, and growth. This chapter examines how creativity is related to human flourishing. It ties creative problem-solving to flourishing, the idea being that it is easy to flourish when the individual can creatively solve problems. Much the same logic is used in the discussion of adaptability and creative thinking. Self-actualization is recognized because it has been associated with both creativity and the highest form of psychological health. Divergent thinking, one kind of creative thinking, is brought into the discussion because it describes how ideas may be generated, some of which are original and creative. Divergent thinking is very clearly tied to flourishing, for it allows an individual to identify the fullest range of options and possibilities. Divergent thinking is not linear and does not lead in only one direction, but instead branches out so the individual has more freedom, more latitude, and a very full set of choices which add richness to life. This chapter touches on several different ways that creativity may be associated with human flourishing.
A Relational Conception of Emotional Development
Authors: Mascolo Michael 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter advances a relational conception of emotions and their development. From a relational view, emotions consist of felt forms of organismic engagement with the world. As modes of engagement, different emotions are organized in terms of different relations between a person’s motives and circumstances. As modes of engagement, emotions are aspects of ongoing adaptive action—emergent configurations of motivational, perceptual, experiential, expressive, and motor processes organized around a particular way of relating to the world. The idea that emotions are felt modes of engagement identifies experience as a primary aspect of emotional life. Building upon a biological grounding, emotions undergo structural change as they develop within intersubjectively-structured exchanges with others. The relational model is illustrated with an analysis of structural changes in jealousy and envy over the course of their development.
Why Are Humans So Emotional?
Authors: Turner Jonathan H. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Using cladistic analysis and comparative neurology, the evolution of humans’ unique capacities to be so emotional is analyzed in this chapter. Humans are, in essence, evolved great apes who, contrary to much popular opinion, are not highly social, do not form permanent groups, do not live in nuclear families, and in general, are not highly organized by social structures. What is true of great apes today was also true of the ancestors of great apes and the hominin ancestors of humans. As humans’ hominin ancestors sought to adapt to more open-country habitats without the protection of the forests, natural selection began to enhance emotions by enlarging subcortical areas of the hominin brain, which set into motion the evolution of new social structures for hominins and, furthermore, also set into motion selection for humans’ large neocortex, capacity for spoken language, and eventually, for culture. Human development during the infant–child phase of the life cycle now reflects these longer-term evolutionary patterns in the evolution of humans.
Current Challenges and Advances in Computational and Artificial Agent Modeling for the Simulation of Affective Social Learning and Regulation of Motivated Behaviors
Authors: Rudrauf David , Samson Andrea C. , Debbané Martin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Psychological science aims at understanding the development and interplay of hidden psychological mechanisms (cognitive, affective, and social) and their causal role in observable behaviors, both in adaptive and maladaptive contexts. It is thus relevant, though highly challenging, to develop computational models and artificial agents derived from psychological theories allowing investigators to explore and test hypotheses through simulations. This chapter reviews and discusses current modeling challenges and advances that are relevant to the understanding and simulation of affective social learning and the development of adaptive and motivated behaviors. The hope is that the chapter will encourage dialogue and the sharing of perspectives with developmental and clinical psychologists. The chapter emphasizes the importance of modeling the complex integration of multiple interacting mechanisms, including processes analogous to the imagination and subjective experience, in order to understand the development of appraisal, emotions, emotion regulation, and their roles in adaptive and maladaptive behaviors.
Emotions in Play
Authors: Veiga Guida , da Silva Brenda M. S. , Gibson Jenny , Rieffe Carolien 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Play is an important context for children’s emotional and social development. Most play research has been focused on pretend play; however, observational studies have shown that children spend a considerable amount of time engaged in physical play. Although it is thought to be important, little is known about the role of physical play in children’s emotion socialization. Physical play can be categorized in two forms: exercise play and rough-and-tumble play. Both forms involve moderate to vigorous playful body activity, which is accompanied by physiological arousal. In addition, rough-and-tumble play often involves role taking, requiring children to accurately read their partners’ emotional and intentional expressions, control their anger impulses, and cope with frustration. Recent research has shown that exercise play, especially when engaged with peers, is related to emotion understanding and emotion regulation; but this is less clear for rough-and-tumble play. Besides, physical play provides an important mechanism for peer interactions that is less dependent on verbal interactions, which is especially relevant for children with communication impairments, and hearing loss in particular.
Early Interaction
Authors: Messinger Daniel S. , Moffitt Jacquelyn , Mitsven Samantha G. , Ahn Yeojin Amy , Custode Stephanie , Chervonenko Evgeniy , Sadiq Saad , Shyu Mei-Ling , Perry Lynn K. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Early interaction is a dynamic, emotional process in which infants influence and are influenced by caregivers and peers. This chapter reviews new developments in behavior imaging—objective quantification of human action—and computational approaches to the study of early emotional interaction and development. Advances in the automated measurement and modeling of human emotional behavior—including objective measurement of facial expressions, machine-learning approaches to detecting interaction and emotion, and electrophysiological measurements of emotional signals—provide new insights into how interaction occurs. Furthermore, advances in automated measurement and modeling can be applied to the study of atypical development, contributing to our understanding of, for example, social affective behaviors in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The chapter concludes by posing questions for future directions of the field of computational approaches to emotion.
Affective Social Learning
Authors: Clément Fabrice , Dukes Daniel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
From their very origins, psychology and sociology have each tended to follow their own path, without taking the other into consideration. This mutual indifference is particularly problematic when studying processes of socialization. On the developmental psychological side, there is perhaps a tendency to consider the child as a “lone explorer,” while on the sociology side, the irreducibility of the social agent to their individual epistemic endeavor is, of course, central. However, socialization is essentially about transmission, from one generation to the next, of ways of doing, thinking, and feeling. In this chapter, the authors argue that culture is mostly about what is socially relevant, and that what is socially relevant can be learned by observing relevant others’ affective expressions. This affective social learning may help close the gap between psychology and sociology by providing different mechanisms that enable individuals to embody, via their developing emotions, the system of cultural relevance in which they live.
Emotion Regulation Across the Life Span
Authors: Riediger Michaela , Bellingtier Jennifer A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Emotion regulation—the ability to control emotional experiences and expressions—is essential for positive adaption across the life span. Individual and contextual factors contribute to emotion-regulation variance between and within different age groups. Individual factors include, for example, genetic dispositions and neurobiological vulnerabilities. Contextual factors involve opportunities to learn about and practice emotion regulation. In infancy and childhood, the family is especially important for assisting in regulating and teaching about emotions. During adolescence, physiological and socioemotional changes can contribute to transient instability in emotion regulation. Throughout adulthood, favorable average well-being trajectories co-occur with increases in prohedonic motivation. Emotion-regulation abilities are maintained into old age, but toward the end of life, stressors may overtax individuals’ emotion-regulation capacity. This chapter reviews key developmental theories and empirical findings on emotion regulation in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. It also highlights shortcomings and gaps in the available knowledge and points toward future research directions.
One-stage Reconstruction of Penile Paraffinoma Using Spiral Stitches FTSG and Evaluation of Sexual Function
Authors: Ismy Jufriady , Amirsyah Mirnasari , Palgunadi I Nyoman , Firdaus Gugum Indra , Fakhrulrizal Fakhrulrizal , Khalilullah Said Alfin 
Published: January 2022

Summary:
Paraffinoma of the penis is rare and caused by paraffin liquid injection. This condition can cause significant penile deformity, ulceration, pain, and sexual dysfunction. However, it can be managed with surgical procedures to obtain normal aesthetic and functional results. Herein, we reported a 42-year-old male with penile paraffinoma who underwent excessive surgical excision of the fibrotic tissue and one-stage reconstruction using a spiral stitch full-thickness skin graft. At one year of follow-up it showed a good aesthetic outcome with no hypertrophic scars, skin contractures, penile curvature, or penile shortening. The sexual evaluation using the International Index of Erectile Function instrument also showed a good result with normal erectile function and satisfaction with sexual sensation. This case is interesting because we used the spiral stitch full-thickness skin graft technique to cover the degloving area and long-term follow-up to evaluate the aesthetic and functional results.
Mediators of the Effect of Corneal Cross-Linking on Visual Acuity for Fungal Ulcers: A Prespecified Secondary Analysis From the Cross-Linking–Assisted Infection Reduction Trial
Authors: Prajna N. Venkatesh , Radhakrishnan Naveen , Lalitha Prajna , Liu Zijun , Keenan Jeremy D. , Arnold Benjamin F , Rose-Nussbaumer Jennifer 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to determine whether astigmatism or corneal scarring is mediating the reduced visual acuity among patients with fungal keratitis randomized to corneal cross-linking (CXL).

Design:
This was a prespecified exploratory outcome from an outcome-masked, 2 × 2 factorial design, randomized controlled clinical trial.

Study Participants:
Consecutive patients presented with moderate vision loss from a smear-positive fungal ulcer at Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India.

Intervention:
Study eyes were randomized to one of 4 treatment combinations using an adaptive randomization protocol. The treatment arms included (1) topical natamycin 5% alone, (2) topical natamycin 5% plus CXL, (3) topical amphotericin B 0.15% alone, and (4) topical amphotericin 0.15% plus CXL. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), contact lens over-refraction, and scar size and depth as measured by a masked study ophthalmologist using a standardized protocol were recorded at 3 months. Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging was also obtained at 3 months.

Main Outcome Measures:
BSCVA and contact lens over-refraction, infiltrate and/or scar size and depth, total astigmatism of the front and back of the cornea, total lower-order and higher-order aberrations of the anterior and posterior cornea, and total densitometry of the anterior, central, and posterior stroma were recorded. We performed a mediation analysis looking at the proportion of the effect of CXL on BSCVA that was mediated through scar size, scar depth, astigmatism and density.

Results:
BSCVA at 3 months was available for 99 of 111 patients (89%) who had a mean of 0.82-LogMAR (SD 0.68). Three-month infiltrate and/or scar size (P < 0.001), depth (P < 0.001), and densitometry (P = 0.001) were statistically significant predictors of 3-month BSCVA. Astigmatism seemed to mediate 23% of the effect of CXL on BSCVA, whereas scar size mediated 23%, scar depth 17%, and densitometry 7%.

Conclusions:
Corneal scarring and astigmatism are mediators of worse visual acuity after cross-linking in fungal keratitis. Corneal densitometry may be a helpful cornea-specific variable for clinicians and researchers in determining the effect of corneal scarring on visual acuity in specific patients and as an objective study outcome.

Trial Registration:
NCT02570321.
Systemic immune-inflammation index predicts in-hospital and long-term outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Öcal Lütfi , Keskin Muhammed , Cerşit Sinan , Eren Hayati , Özgün Çakmak Ender , Karagöz Ali , Çakir Hakan , Gürsoy Mustafa Ozan , Doğan Selami , Zhalilov Myrzabek , Türkmen Mehmet Muhsin 
Published: January 2022

Objective
This study examines the predictive value of the novel systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods
A total of 1660 patients with STEMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) were enrolled in the study. In-hospital and 3-year outcomes were compared between the four groups (Q1–4). The SII was calculated using the following formula: neutrophil*platelet/lymphocyte.

Results
The frequency of in-hospital cardiogenic shock, acute respiratory failure, acute kidney injury, ventricular arrhythmia, stent thrombosis, recurrent myocardial infarction, major adverse cardiac events and mortality were significantly higher in the high SII groups (Q3 and Q4). Logistic regression models demonstrated that Q3 and Q4 had an independent risk of mortality and Q4 had an independent risk of cardiogenic shock compared to Q1. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the best cutoff value of SII to predict the in-hospital mortality was 1781 with 66% sensitivity and 74% specificity. Kaplan–Meier overall survivals for Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 were 97.6, 96.9, 91.6 and 81.0%, respectively. Cox proportional analysis for 3-year mortality demonstrated that Q3 and Q4 had an independent risk for mortality compared to Q1.

Conclusion
SII, a novel inflammatory index, was found to be a better predictor for in-hospital and long-term outcomes than traditional risk factors in patients with STEMI undergoing pPCI.