bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospitals serving nursing home residents disproportionately penalized under hospital readmissions reduction program
Authors: Ye Zhiqiu , Temkin‐Greener Helena , Mukamel Dana B. , Li Yue , Dumyati Ghinwa K. , Intrator Orna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundRisk factors common to nursing home (NH) residents are potentially not fully captured by the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP). The unique challenges faced by hospitals that disproportionately serve NH residents who are at greater risk of readmissions have not been studied.MethodsUsing 100% Medicare Provider Analysis and Review File and the Minimum Data Set from 2010–2013, we constructed a measure of hospital share of NH‐originating hospitalizations (NOHs). We defined hospital share of NOHs as the proportion of inpatient stays by patients aged 65 or older who were directly admitted from NHs. To evaluate the impact of the share of NOHs on readmission penalties, we categorized hospitals into quartiles according to their share of NOHs and estimated the differences in the adjusted penalties across hospital quartiles after accounting for hospital characteristics, market characteristics and state fixed effects. We repeated the analyses for the penalties incurred in each year between 2015 and 2019.ResultsHospitals varied substantially in the share of NOHs (median [interquartile range], 11.3% [8.2%–15.1%]), with limited variation over time. In 2015, hospitals in the highest quartile of NOH received on average 0.58% Medicare payment reduction compared to 0.44% reduction among those in the lowest quartile (32.9% higher penalties, p < 0.001). The increase in penalties continued to grow in 2017 and 2018 when the HRRP expanded to include additional target conditions (47.3% and 66.7%, respectively, p < 0.001 for both). Although the effect diminished in 2019 following the additional adjustment for hospital's dual‐eligible share, hospitals in the highest quartile of NOH still incurred 43.0% (p < 0.001) higher penalties than those in the lowest quartile.ConclusionsHospitals varied considerably in their share of NOHs. Hospitals having a higher share of NOHs were disproportionately penalized for excess readmissions, even under the revised policy that adjusts for the share of dual‐eligible admissions.
Effect of age and sex in renal function by ultrasound and serum chemistry in two primate species (Alouatta caraya and Sapajus apella)
Authors: da Silva Gessiane Pereira , de Souza Pereira Thyago Habner , Imbeloni Aline Amaral , do Santos de Andrade Rafael , Dias Neto Ramiro das Neves , Coutinho Leandro Nassar , Gering Ana Paula , Benarrós Marina Sette Camara , Junior José Jones Pereira , Monteiro Frederico Ozanan Barros , Takeshita Rafaela S. C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundComparative studies of kidney morphophysiology in nonhuman primates can help us investigate interspecies differences in growth and aging patterns.MethodsWe tested the effect of age and sex in renal morphophysiology in 21 Alouatta caraya and 21 Sapajus apella (age range = 0.5–26 years) by ultrasound, red blood cell (RBC) count, and kidney function tests.ResultsA. caraya had greater growth rate and absolute renal volume than S. apella, but the latter showed a greater relative renal volume and RBC count. There was a negative relationship between RBC and age, a positive relationship between creatinine and body mass, and an apparent negative relationship between creatinine and age only in S. apella.ConclusionsOur results indicate that A. caraya has a faster aging mechanism than S. apella, and the higher relative kidney volume in S. apella is suggestive of high metabolic demands in this species.
Sound production and mechanism in the cryptic cusk‐eelParophidion vassali
Authors: Eric Parmentier , Gaëlle Stainier , Renaud Boistel , Fine Michael L. , Loïc Kéver , Lucia Di Iorio , Marta Bolgan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the sounds and the anatomy of the sound‐producing organ in the male and female sand‐dwelling cusk‐eelParophidion vassali. Although both sexes have similar external phenotype, they can be distinguished by their sonic apparatus and sounds. As in many Ophioidei,Parophidion vassalipresents a panel of highly derived characters. Fish possess three pairs of sonic muscles, and males have mineralized swimbladder caps on which inserts the ventral sonic muscle, a neural arch that pivots, a stretchable swimbladder fenestra, an osseous swimbladder plate and a rounded pressure‐release membrane in the caudal swimbladder. Females, however, do not possess anterior swimbladder caps, a swimbladder fenestra and the caudal rounded membrane. Males possess the unusual ability to produce sounds starting with a set of low amplitude pulses followed by a second set with higher amplitudes clearly dividing each sound unit into two parts. Females do not vary their sound amplitude in this way: they produce shorter sounds and pulse periods but with a higher peak frequency. Morphology and sound features support the sound‐producing mechanism is based on a rebound system (i.e. quick backward snap of the anterior swimbladder). Based on features of the sounds from tank recordings, we have putatively identified the sound of maleParophidion vassaliat sea. As these species are ecologically cryptic, we hope this work will allow assessment and clarify the distribution of their populations.
Modifications of the locomotor system in habitually quadrupedal humans
Authors: Tardieu Christine , Demirhan Osman , Akbal Eylül , Ozgozen Levent , Biçer Ömer Sunkar , Delapré Arnaud , Cornette Raphaël , Herrel Anthony 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe acquisition of habitual bipedal locomotion, which resulted in numerous modifications of the skeleton was a crucial step in hominid evolution. However, our understanding of the inherited skeletal modifications versus those acquired while learning to walk remains limited. We here present data derived from X‐rays and CT scans of quadrupedal adult humans and compare the morphology of the vertebral column, pelvis and femur to that of a bipedal brother. We show how a skeleton forged by natural selection for bipedal locomotion is modified when used to walk quadrupedally. The quadrupedal brother is characterised by the absence of femoral obliquity, a very high anteversion angle of the femoral neck, a very high collo‐diaphyseal angle and a very reduced lordosis. The differences in the pelvis are more subtle and complex, yet of functional importance. The modification of the ischial spines to an ischial ridge and the perfectly rounded shape of the sacral curvature are two unique features that can be directly attributed to a quadrupedal posture and locomotion. We propose a functional interpretation of these two exceptional modifications. Unexpectedly, the quadrupedal brother and sister show a greater angle of pelvic incidence compared to their bipedal brother, a trait previously shown to increase with learning to walk in bipedal subjects. Moreover, the evolution from an occasional towards a permanent bipedality has given rise to a functional association between the angle of pelvic incidence and the lumbar curvature, with high angles of incidence and greater lumbar curvature promoting stability during bipedal locomotion. The quadrupedal brother and sister with a high angle of incidence and a very reduced lordosis thus show a complete decoupling of this complex functional integration.
Impact Bias in Regret: Comparisons Between Within‐Subjects and Between‐Subjects Designs, Kokaishita and Kuyashi, and the Presence and Absence of Reward1,2
Authors: Ichimura Kenshiro , Taoka Daiki , Miyahara Rina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhen people anticipate future regret, they overestimate its strength compared to experienced regret. Two experiments investigated this impact bias of regret by manipulating regret type (anticipated/experienced) in a within‐subjects design. Regret was measured using the Japanese words kokaishita (後悔した) and kuyashi (悔しい), which are both translated as “regret” in English but differ in nuance in Japanese. We compared the participants' feelings of kokaishita and kuyashi when they failed at tasks in which their decisions did or did not affect the outcome. In Experiment 1 but not Experiment 2, the participants were offered an additional reward for task success. The results suggested that (a) impact bias occurs robustly when the same person both anticipates and experiences regret; (b) kokaishita is felt in response to decision failures, while kuyashi is felt for any kind of task failure; and (c) the presence of additional rewards influences the intensity of kokaishita but not that of kuyashi or impact bias.
Developing multimodal communicative competence: adolescent English learners' multimodal composition in an after‐school programme
Authors: Kang Joohoon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis qualitative study aimed to investigate adolescent English learners' multimodal communicative competence. Grounded upon a social semiotic approach with the concepts of affordances and transmediation, this research was carried out in an after‐school programme at a secondary school in Korea. Three high school students participated in the multimodal composition project and produced narrative and argumentative multimodal texts. Multiple sources of data were gathered from interviews, video recordings with fieldnotes and student artefacts. The data were analysed using an inductive and deductive approach, along three orientations: modes as social action; modes as framing devices; and modes as agency representation. The students' multimodal texts were analysed based on multimodal text analysis. This study demonstrated that the participants personalised, avoided, modified and orchestrated semiotic modes to engage in multimodal composition. The study also revealed that the students' selection and use of semiotic modes were influenced by their audience awareness, genre knowledge and identities, and vice versa, all of which contributed to developing their multimodal communicative competence. The paper concludes with pedagogical implications for multimodal composition practices and suggestions for future multimodal composition studies.
Feminist philosophy of humor
Authors: Marvin Amy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOver the past decades humor studies has formed an unprecedented interdisciplinary consolidation, connected with a consolidation in philosophy of humor scholarship. In this essay, I focus specifically on feminist philosophy of humor as an area of study that highlights relationships between humor, language, subjectivity, power, embodiment, instability, affect, and resistance, introducing several of its key themes while mapping out tensions that can be productive for further research. I first cover feminist theories of humor as instability and then move to feminist theories of humor as generative of social relationships. Though I diagnose several tensions between these approaches that require further elaboration and discussion, I conclude that feminist philosophy of humor is a crucial area of humor research that focuses on systematic oppression, political engagement, embodiment, and affective ties.
Dental and health aspects in the co‐occurrence of Treacher Collins and Down syndromes: Case report
Authors: Campos Priscilla Sena Souza Luz , Taitson Paulo Franco , Pinto da Silva Luís Cândido , Leão Leticia Lima 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe goal of this case report is to identify the dental care of a patient who has co‐occurrence of Treacher Collins and Down syndromes. It is the third case reported in the literature and the first relating dental treatment under general anesthesia and multidisciplinary importance. It was necessary the child's nutritional assessment in this case. This case highlights the importance of individualizing therapeutic protocols, due to the behavioral aspects of patients with special needs, optimizing treatment results in a single session under general anesthesia. Oral health is closely related to overall health, and it is important for awareness that the whole influences the success of medical treatment.
Locally extensive follicular hamartomas with concurrent follicular cysts and dermoid cysts on the head of a dog
Authors: Schuldenfrei Marvin D. , Affolter Verena K. , Outerbridge Catherine A. , White Stephen D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA 5‐month‐old, male intact Australian shepherd dog was presented with nodular lesions affecting the dorsal head. A locally diffuse form of follicular hamartomas, with concurrent dermoid cysts and follicular cysts, was diagnosed by histopathological examination. Complete surgical excision of the affected skin and closure with a subdermal plexus advancement flap led to long‐term resolution.
A retrospective analysis of the concordance of in‐house fungal culture and a commercial quantitative PCR from 16 dermatology referral practices across the USA (2018–2019)
Authors: Frost Katrina , Schick Anthea , Mount Rebecca 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCommercial quantitative (q)PCR and fungal culture can be used concurrently or individually to test for dermatophytosis with a reported high sensitivity and specificity.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe aims of this retrospective study were: (i) to evaluate the concordance of a commercial qPCR with in‐house fungal culture for the initial diagnosis of dermatophytosis and for monitoring for mycological cure during treatment in dermatology private practice; and (ii) determine the sensitivity and specificity of qPCR overall, (iii) for initial diagnosis and (iv) for treatment monitoring in dogs and cats.AnimalsFour‐hundred and twenty‐seven client‐owned dogs and 188 client‐owned cats.Materials and methodsRetrospective evaluation of electronic medical records from 615 client‐owned dogs and cats presented to 16 dermatology referral practices across the USA from 2018 to 2019. Concordance of qPCR with in‐house fungal culture and sensitivity and specificity were determined from 667 paired samples.ResultsqPCR agreed with in‐house fungal culture in 63 of 85 positive tests and 571 of 582 negative tests, with an overall sensitivity and specificity of 74.1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 63.5–83.0] and 98.1% (95%CI 96.6–99.0), respectively. qPCR sensitivity and specificity for the initial diagnosis of dermatophytosis and for treatment monitoring were 72.4% (95%CI 59.1–83.3) and 98.7% (95%CI 97.3–99.5), and 77.8% (95%CI 57.7–91.4) and 92.0% (95%CI 80.1–97.8), respectively.Conclusions and clinical relevanceCompared to in‐house fungal culture, qPCR was less sensitive and more specific than reported previously. These findings suggest that a diagnosis of dermatophytosis and determining mycological cure should continue to be based on a combination of complementary diagnostic tests.
On Using a Brushless Motor as a Passive Torque-Controllable Brake
Authors: Vailati Léo G. , Goldfarb Michael 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
When compared to electrically modulated brakes (EMBs), such as a magnetic particle brake, modern brushless direct current (BLDC) motors have substantially higher power densities, and therefore have become an attractive alternative to EMBs for applications requiring controllable modulated resistance (i.e., torque-controllable braking). Unlike brakes, however, which fundamentally guarantee strict passivity, emulating mechanical resistance with a motor does not guarantee passive behavior. In order to enable the use of a motor as a torque-controllable brake with fundamentally guaranteed passivity, this paper presents a control scheme that provides high-fidelity torque tracking and physically guarantees strictly passive behavior. Specifically, this paper: (1) describes model-based control methods for applications requiring high-fidelity torque control and strictly passive impedance; (2) presents an analysis that characterizes the limits of control and tradeoffs of controllability and energy generation associated with using a motor in this manner; and (3) presents experimental results that validate both the system characterization and control performance for the strictly passive controllable impedance approach.
Estimation of Discretization Uncertainty Using the γ−Reθ Transition Model for Transitional Flows on 6:1 Spheroid
Authors: Atik Hediye 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to estimate the surface mesh size related discretization uncertainties using the γ−Reθ transition model combined with the shear stress transport (SST) k–ω turbulence model. For comparison, this work employs an available experimental study performed with a 6:1 prolate spheroid. The grid convergence index (GCI) study is performed for axial force, surface skin friction, and pressure coefficients with three levels of meshes. The transition model estimates the axial force coefficients (CX), approximately half of which are obtained using fully turbulent calculations with higher GCI values. The GCI values around the axial force coefficients for the level-2 mesh are less than 1% based on fully turbulent calculations. However, with the transition model, these values for the same mesh level increase to 10%. While the GCI values of surface pressure coefficients are very small based on both fully turbulent and transition model calculations, these coefficients show differences at the trailing part of the spheroid. Significant differences are also observed in the surface friction coefficients. While the model captures drastic changes in terms of transition in the surface friction coefficients at the suction side of the spheroid, such drastic change is not observed in fully turbulent calculations. On the other hand, there is no sign of any transition phenomenon at the pressure side, contrary to the observations of experimental measurements. The transition model is not able to estimate the transition front geometry correctly. The GCI values of the surface friction coefficients increase dramatically, up to 765% around the transition regions.
Supplemental Material: Geoheritage: Progress toward Preservationntitled Item
Authors: Clary Renee , al. et 
Published: June 2022

<p> Table S1. Geoheritage video and Story Maps, aligned to the Next Generation Science Standards Earth and Space Science Disciplinary Core Ideas, with suggested free resources from SERC Carlton Teach the Earth Collection. </p>
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Effect of electroacupuncture on symptoms of female pelvic organ prolapse (stage II–III) (EAPOP study): protocol of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Chen Huan , Liu Xiaoxu , Yan Yan , Shi Hangyu , Liu Zhishun 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionPelvic organ prolapse (POP) is downward descent of pelvic organs, which causes symptoms of the lower genital, urinary and gastrointestinal tracts, and undermines women’s daily activities and quality of life. Although studies indicated that electroacupuncture (EA) may be effective in improving the POP symptoms, evidences were not robust. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture on relieving symptoms of a POP stage II and III among women.Methods and analysisA two-arm, multicentre, patient-blind RCT will be conducted to compare EA with sham electroacupuncture (SEA) for treating symptoms of POP stage II and III among women in six tertiary hospitals in China. One hundred and sixty eligible women will be assigned with a 1:1 ratio to have received either EA or SEA for 24 times in 12 weeks and followed-up for 24 weeks. The primary outcome will be the change on the total score of the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-short form 20 at week 12 from baseline, and will be analysed by t-test or multiple regression model. Intention-to-treat analysis will be performed for all outcomes, and a p value of less than 0.05 (two-sided testing) will be considered as statistical significance.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the Medical Ethical Committee of Guang’ammen Hospital (No. 2019-249-KY-01). Patients will be informed about the details of the study and asked to sign consent form before enrolment. The results of this study are expected to be written and published on peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT04589715.
Effectiveness of mHealth/eHealth interventions on obesity treatment: a protocol for umbrella review of meta-analyses
Authors: Lei Xiang-Guo , Huang Zhongheng , Rashi Tamrakar , Yang Xi 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionMobile health (mHealth)/electronic health (eHealth) have the effect of facilitating weight loss in overweight and obese populations. However, studies have shown varied results and relatively high heterogeneity in the efficacy of mHealth/eHealth interventions. The aim of the paper was to systematically summarise published studies about the weight loss efficacy of mHealth/eHealth.Methods and analysisA comprehensive review of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases published from inception to 21 March 2021 will be conducted. The selected articles are meta-analyses that integrated the studies, which evaluated efficacy of mHealth/eHealth. Two people will select eligible articles and extract data independently. Any disputes will be resolved by discussion or the arbitration of a third person. The methodological quality of the included meta-analyses will be assessed with AMSTAR V.2 and the quality of evidence will be obtained with Grade of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). The study selection process will be presented using a flowchart. We will reanalyse each outcome with random effect methods. If possible, we will use funnel plot and Egger’s test to evaluate if publication bias existed.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for the study, as we collected data only from available published materials. This umbrella review will also be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication after completion.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021247006.