bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the efficacy of some preventive measures on their ability to restrict fall in salivary pH after consumption of carbonated drinks
Authors: Ajoy Ann Maria , Jose Maji , Prabhu Sudeendra , Ramanath Pai Vinitha , Nayak Shruti 
Published: May 2022

Introduction and Aim: Salivary pH is important for healthy enamel of the teeth. Consumption of carbonated beverages leads to a drop in salivary pH which favors the growth of microorganisms, leading to dental caries. This study evaluates the efficacy of preventive measures in resisting change of salivary pH after consumption of carbonated drink.

Materials and Methods: The study consisted of four experiments (1 to 4), conducted with thirty-seven participants: consumption of drink, 1) directly from the glass, 2) Using a straw. Preventive measures post consumption of carbonated drink, 3) rinsing the mouth with water, and 4) chewing sugar free gum. The salivary pH was measured using pH paper narrow range at the basal level, and at <1, and 5 to 30 min post consumption of the drink. The data was analysed by descriptive statistics and the intergroup comparisons were done using ANOVA and Tukey test.

Results: In all the four experiments there was an increase in salivary pH at the <1 min and a significant decrease in salivary pH at 5-20 min (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the salivary pH between the two modes of drink consumption (p>0.05). Post consumption of drink, chewing gum resisted the fall in pH for a longer duration of 5-20 min than rinsing the mouth with water 5-10 min (p<0.000).

Conclusion: Post consumption of the carbonated beverages, preventive measures such as rinsing the mouth with water and chewing gum resist the fall in pH of saliva. Chewing gum is more effective than rinsing the mouth with water.
Age and sex related variations of MRI parameters of hippocampus and amygdala in healthy humans: A cross sectional study using a small cohort
Authors: Datta Siddhartha , Chakraborty Sumit , Sarkar Sudipta , Debsarma Suma , Tiwary Basant K. , Chakrabarti Nilkanta 
Published: May 2022

Introduction and Aim: Aging alters limbic structure, sex and hemispheric variations with anterior-posterior dominances of which are still obscure in relation to cognition in humans.

Methodology: The present study included MRI coronal images for measurements of volumes [hippocampal volume (HV), amygdala volume (AV)], shapes [hippocampal angle (HA), medial distance ratio (MDR), parahippocampal angle (PHA)] and their hemispheric asymmetry indices (AI) in male and female healthy individuals of young and aged groups. The best-fitted formulae of 'volume index' (VI) and 'shape index' (SI) were evaluated for better interpretation.

Results: In young, males showed larger bi-hemispheric volumes and AV/HV-ratios, greater HA and MDR values with distinct hemispheric dominances and greater VI with different SI values, compared to females. Aged subjects showed lesser VI and bi-hemispheric volumes compared to young counterparts where the decrement of volumes were more in aged males resulting in same volumes and AV/HV-ratios in both aged sexes. Only aged females exhibited greater HA and MDR values with altered SI compared to young counterparts retaining the sex-specific such differences with their altered AIs. The parametric changes showed significant correlations in respective cases. PHA remained unaltered in all cases.

Conclusion: Sex-specific volume differences in young and volume reduction in age might associate with distinct alterations of hippocampal shapes viz. shifting of the (a) head (anterior portion) vertically compared to its horizontal position and (b) body (posterior portion) laterally toward temporal cortex, in both hemispheres. The recent findings claim further studies to unveil the cognitive variations corroborated with such limbic structural/shape alterations among sexes and ages.
Marcadores metadiscursivos interaccionales en resúmenes de TFG: ¿indicadores de dominio del género?
Authors: Cañada Pujols Maria Dolors , Bach Carme 
Published: May 2022

La exigencia de un Trabajo final de grado (TFG) es un requisito en España para todos los candidatos a egresados. Estos textos deben incluir un resumen cuya redacción no suele ser objeto de instrucción. El objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir a la caracterización del género resumen mediante el análisis de los marcadores metadiscursivos interaccionales (Hyland, 2005a y 2005b) encontrados en un corpus de TFG y determinar si el uso de estos marcadores permite establecer distintos perfiles de escritor. El corpus está formado por 91 resúmenes escritos en español por estudiantes del grado de Lenguas aplicadas de una universidad española. Se ha adoptado un enfoque metodológico mixto, descriptivo para la caracterización discursiva de los textos e inferencial para la determinación de los perfiles. El análisis macrotextual ha permitido observar que los resúmenes de los estudiantes presentan cinco movimientos retóricos básicos. El análisis microtextual refleja que los marcadores interaccionales más frecuentes son los marcadores personales, los enfatizadores y los marcadores actitudinales. El análisis estadístico ha permitido identificar dos perfiles de escritores, a partir del mayor o menor uso de marcadores personales, marcadores actitudinales y enfatizadores.
Comparison of two data acquisition protocols for tide gauge sensors at Imbituba port – Santa Catarina State
Authors: Garbossa Luis Hamilton Pospissil , Boll Matias Guilherme , Vanz Argeu , De Amorim Camila Kuminek 
Published: May 2022

The Santa Catarina Tide Gauge Network (SCTGN) is a continuous sea level monitoring system to support fishery, aquaculture, and navigation in general. Deployed in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, the initiative started in 2012 with one tide gauge at the Santa Catarina Island South Bay to support aquaculture research projects and hydrodynamic numerical modelling. By 2020, the SCTGN was fully operational, consisting of 11 tide gauge stations along the 450km of the Santa Catarina coastal line. The next step is standardizing these tide stations to international data collection protocols. Knowledge of the effects different programming protocols have on data collection are important since they may affect the results. Data from a radar gauge (RG) and a vented (or relative) pressure gauge (VPG) were obtained over six months. The difference between RG and VPG measurements showed a 5.07cm2 variance. Percentage of reading errors was 0.03% and 0.77% for RG and VPG, respectively. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of the SCTGN data collection protocol in the RG to comply with the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) recommendations for sea level monitoring. We find that an RG gauge using the SCTGN protocol is adequate to monitor sea levels and has an easier installation and maintenance, and more stable vertical datum control.
Desempenho de genótipos de batata-doce no planalto de Lichinga, Moçambique
Authors: Tarua Dadzie Carlos João , Moisés Leonid Carlos , Damba Guilherme Paulo , Serrote Caetano Miguel Lemos , Mussalama Adélio Zeca 
Published: May 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de genótipos de batata-doce no planalto de Lichinga, em Moçambique. O ensaio foi conduzido seguindo o DBC com 3 repetições e 5 tratamentos (3 clones e 2 variedades de batata-doce). Aos 160 dias foram avaliadas porcentagens de pegamento e de sobrevivência, comprimento de ramas, número total de raízes, número de raízes comerciais e peso médio de raízes comerciais. Não houve diferença dos genótipos sobre as porcentagens de pegamento (média = 95%) e de sobrevivência (média = 85%), peso médio de raízes comerciais (média = 0,66t ha-1). Entretanto, a variedade Irene se destacou no rendimento médio de raiz (23,07t ha-1), número de raízes comerciais (135802 raízes ha-1) e número total de raízes (430041 raízes ha-1).
William Holland's Short Account of the Beginnings of Moravian Work in England (1745)
Authors: Podmore Colin 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
William Holland's Short Account describes church life in the City of London in the 1730s with special reference to the religious societies and their connections with Wesley's “Oxford Methodists.” He shows how the Moravian Peter Böhler's preaching cross-fertilized these networks' High-Church Anglicanism with the Lutheran doctrine of justification by faith alone and thereby sparked the English Evangelical Revival. Recounting the early life of the resulting Fetter Lane Society, which served as the Revival's London headquarters, Holland emphasizes the frequent visits to and from the Moravian congregations in Germany and the Netherlands. All of this was intended to support his argument that the English Anglican members of Zinzendorf's Brüdergemeine, while accepting the Lutheran doctrine of justification, were neither Dissenters nor “Old Lutherans” (the name Zinzendorf had invented for them in order to distance the Moravian tradition from them). Rather, they had joined the Moravian Church on the understanding that in doing so they were not separating themselves from England's established church but joining a “sister church” in a form of “double belonging.” This text thus illuminates not only the early history of the Moravian Church in England but also Anglican church life in 1730s London and the origins of Wesleyan Methodism.
Paros 4.0 y los no representados
Authors: Duarte Carlos , Díaz María Paula 
Published: May 2022

Los procesos de movilización y protesta han experimentado una innegable transformación en los últimos años. A partir de la ya clásica definición de “nuevos movimientos sociales” esbozada por Alain Touraine en los años ochenta, o la de “movimientos populares” de Leopoldo Múnera en los noventa, la discusión posteriormente se transformó desde orillas diferentes bajo el paradigma interseccional y la teoría crítica. En la actualidad, una cuarta generación de formas de movilización (4.0), ha venido emergiendo en el marco de profundos procesos de individualización social, universalización de las redes sociales, precarización y aumento de las brechas de desigualdad.
Estas formas de organización colectiva son profundamente horizontales, tienen dificultades, o no reconocen totalmente los mecanismos de representación tradicional de la izquierda. Se movilizan a modo de enjambre, como esboza Byung-Chul Han, e invitan a repensar o deconstruir la fácil conceptualización oficial del “vándalo”. Asimismo, plantean la necesidad de pensar espacios de diálogo social multinivel y multisituados.
A esta nueva forma de interpelación y organización social la hemos sintetizado, para esta convocatoria, bajo la categoría temporal de Paros 4.0. Dicha invitación fue acogida por varios grupos e individuos, que buscan aportar a pensar estos nuevos fenómenos sociales que seguramente seguirán profundizándose como lineamientos de la acción colectiva organizada.
Como podrá observarse en los articulos que hacen parte del presente número, los principales actores de las protestas representaban los sectores víctimas de la desigualdad y de la exclusión histórica en Colombia. Jóvenes desempleados o sin acceso a la educación, trabajadores informales, colectivos étnicos y culturales, desplazados, víctimas del conflicto, personas vinculadas con trabajos ilícitos, actores armados en proceso de reincorperación, entre otros, hicieron un llamado a ser tenidos en cuenta tanto por sus semejantes, como por las instituciones del poder.
Insécurité territoriale et situation alimentaire à l’Extrême-Nord-Cameroun : crise et alternative
Authors: IBRAHİMOU Hamidou 
Published: May 2022

Ces dernières décennies, la progression de l’insécurité alimentaire moyenne ou grave a été la plus marquée particulièrement en Afrique subsaharienne. La sécurité alimentaire en Afrique tropicale est vulnérable et surtout menacée par de nombreux facteurs en l’occurrence le changement climatique et l’insécurité territoriale. Nombreux sont les africains dont la capacité d’accès à une alimentation suffisante, sans danger et capable de subvenir à leurs besoins nutritifs en toute circonstance se trouve être menacé chaque jour. L’Afrique subsaharienne se présente alors comme la région du monde la plus impactée au plan de la sécurité alimentaire dû aux multiples crises socioéconomiques et/ou écologiques. En outre, cette région est essentiellement vulnérable face aux influences des groupuscules fondamentalistes et des réseaux terroristes qui tourmentent les populations villageoises. La majorité des populations rurales vit en deçà du seuil de pauvreté et dépend particulièrement de l’agriculture saisonnière, de l’élevage ou encore de la pêche.
Cette analyse se focalise fondamentalement sur la situation alimentaire des populations de l'Extrême-Nord-Cameroun qui souffrent des impacts d’insécurité territoriale depuis 2012/2013. Cette région frontalière à l'Ouest par le Nigeria et au Nord-Est par le Tchad subit les conséquences liées à la crise sécuritaire imputable aux multiples assauts terroristes de l’organisation Boko Haram. Une situation conjoncturelle liée à l’insécurité transfrontalière provoquant ainsi des déplacements des populations vers l’intérieur du Cameroun conduisant inéluctablement à une surpopulation dans certaines localités et par conséquent une surconsommation des denrées alimentaires disponibles; un déséquilibre qui n’est pas sans conséquence. Dès lors, on constate que l’alimentation des populations septentrionales étant essentiellement céréalière, l’abandon de l’agriculture par les populations fuyant l’insécurité renforce radicalement le risque potentiel de déficit alimentaire. Le but de cette réflexion est d’abord de décrire les impacts locaux de cette crise territoriale sur la situation de la sécurité alimentaire dans cette région vulnérable; ensuite, analyser les stratégies de résilience mises en place par les populations locales; et enfin déterminer le rôle des institutions, des organisations et des acteurs locaux en vue de faire face à cette situation délicate.
DENTAL USE OF SOME LAMIACEAE SPECIES FROM MOROCCO AND PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS BETWEEN TOTAL POLYPHENOLIC CONTENT OBTAINED BY DIFFERENT AQUEOUS EXTRACTION
Authors: HAROUAK Hazim , NAJEM Mariame , IBIJBIJEN Jamal , NASSIRI Laila 
Published: May 2022

Correlations between total phenolic, flavonoid and condensed tannins content with three extraction type of five lamiaceae family which is used to cure dental affections in Morocco were studied. The total phenolic contents were determined using Folin–Ciocalteu colorimetric method, flavonoids using catechin standard, condensed tannins using Acidified Vanillin and anthocyanin using differential pH method. The highest total phenolic (345,20 ± 28,23 mg GAE/g d.e), total flavonoides (381,17 ± 14,11 mg CE/g d.e) and total condensed tannins (133,77 ± 8,38 mg CE/g d.e) was obtained from soxhlet extract of Origanum compactum Benth. (p < 0.0001), whereas, the highest total anthocyanin content (65.12 ± 13.53 mg EC-3-G/100g d.e) was obtained from decoction extraction of Lavandula multifida L. The correlation using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) between extraction type was very positive for infusion and soxhlet and between flavonoids and total phenols attesting that flavonoids constitute the majority of phenolic compounds.
Market Selection for MyoTecSci: How to Decide “Where to Play” from Multiple Options
Authors: York John M. , Pradhan Vineet , Luo Polly , Toscani Michael 
Published: May 2022

New ventures, either entrepreneurial or within an institution, face many challenges. A notable one involves the focusing of limited resources and efforts on a lead opportunity. Strategy researchers advocate the notion of choice and argue for a focused commitment (test two, choose one)1. This concept is essential since entrepreneurs face multiple alternatives they cannot pursue simultaneously and immediately1,2. Others highlight the non-linear relationship between pursuing multiple market opportunities and performance and see diminishing returns2. Firms need to consider multiple risks beyond technological uncertainty in life sciences, particularly around market demand uncertainty3-6.
What does a life science founder do to minimize risk and focus their choice set? Enter the current case. MyoTechSci (MTS) is a South Korean biomedical startup founded by Hyeson Soo Kim, MD, Ph.D., a professor at the Korea University College of Medicine. The company is in the pre-clinical stage and focuses on sarcopenia or muscle wasting disease. It has multiple research assets (non-natural amino acids, myokines, and natural compounds) across the spectrum of muscle health. The company wishes to pursue five different market opportunities (cancer cachexia, use in the elderly population, an adjunct to exercise to help build muscle, and muscle waster with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or Duchenne muscular dystrophy). MTS’s management team utilized the market opportunity navigator to focus its opportunities, a tool created by Marc Gruber, Ph.D., and Sharon Tal, Ph.D., to guide its choice process to cull and prioritize its multiple opportunities7. With this tool, Dr. Kim and his team prioritized their various market opportunities and ended up with a lead.
In this case, you are part of a consulting team evaluating MTS’s analysis and choices. MTS is about to embark on the next phase of its entrepreneurial journey due to an opportunity presented by the South Korean government. Your task is to evaluate the current situation and decision, evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of MTS’s choice, suggest risks/mitigations, and offer a next step recommendation to enhance this venture’s prospect of achieving a positive commercial endpoint.
A state-wide picture of koala rescue and rehabilitation in New South Wales during the 2019–2020 bushfires
Authors: Lunney Daniel , Cope Holly , Sonawane Indrie , Haering Ron 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Koala rescue from the bushfires over the extended 2019–2020 fire season in NSW was a high-profile media topic over many months. We sought to determine how many fire-affected koalas were rescued and admitted to rehabilitation in NSW, what was the fate of these koalas, what parts of the state were involved, and how many other koalas entered rehabilitation at the same time? These matters are not only of broad public interest, it is important information for the conservation and management of koalas. The fire season ended in March 2020. In June 2020 we wrote to and received replies from, the licensed rehabilitation groups in NSW that rescued koalas, seeking to quantify the impact of the 2019–2020 bushfires. The answers were: 209 koalas came into care due to the bushfires, and of these, 106 were either euthanised or died, 74 were released, and the remainder were still in care, but due for release soon. The number of koalas that came into care for reasons not related to the fires over the same time period was 307. From the point of view of each surviving individual koala, the rehabilitation was a success. What the rescue and rehabilitation has done is highlight the difficulties that koalas face in dealing with fire. This information will contribute to koala management at a local, State and Commonwealth level, particularly in relation to koala rehabilitation policies, and it will be increasingly important given the likelihood of more frequent fires.
Impact of various types of provocative advertisements on brand recall and attention engagement: Pilot study report
Authors: Kilijanek Aleksandra , Ozga Wioletta Karina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe study's main goal was to investigate the impact of various types of shocking content of provocative advertisements on brand recall and visual attention engagement. The experiment used the eye‐tracker (iViewX RED500) to record the eye movements. Forty‐one participants were divided into two groups. Provocative (drastic, religious, and erotic) advertisements were presented experimental group while the control group was shown modified illustrations without provocative content. The study revealed that the average fixation time and fixation counts on erotic element were significantly higher in provocative advertisements than in their non‐provocative equivalents. Average fixations time on the brand was significantly greater in non‐provocative advertisements than in erotic versions of these ads. It was found that the shocking element and brand were better remembered in provocative advertisements containing religious content than in their non‐provocative equivalents. In contrast, these elements were less remembered in advertisements containing drastic content than in their non‐provocative equivalents.
Direct Ink Writing of 4D Structural Colors
Authors: Sol Jeroen A. H. P. , Smits Luc G. , Schenning Albert P. H. J. , Debije Michael G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing with stimuli‐responsive materials—4D printing—is a rapidly growing field, with direct ink writing allowing deposition of a wide variety of materials. The synthesis of a humidity‐sensitive cholesteric liquid crystal oligomer ink is reported. With the responsive cholesteric ink, demonstrator devices exhibiting the ink's “four dimensionality” are printed in disparate fashions: as a structural color change or as a preprogrammed deformation mode. After printing, the photonic ink changes color in response to atmospheric humidity, demonstrated as a hydrochromic coating precisely deposited atop a 3D‐printed beetle. After activation in aqueous acid, the beetle exhibits vibrant color shifts across the visible spectrum. Alternatively, a scallop‐inspired actuator with a 3D‐programmed structural color is selectively treated with acid, to allow reversible “opening” and “closing” when exposed to humid and dry air, respectively. The ink enables additive manufacturing of both monolithic and multimaterial stimuli‐responsive, shape‐changing, structurally colored objects, toward broad application of cholesterics in future “smart,” 4D structurally colored devices.
Highly Efficient Full van der Waals 1D p‐Te/2D n‐Bi2O2Se Heterodiodes with Nanoscale Ultra‐Photosensitive Channels
Authors: Wang Weijun , Meng You , Wang Wei , Zhang Zhuomin , Xie Pengshan , Lai Zhengxun , Bu Xiuming , Li Yezhan , Liu Chuntai , Yang Zengbao , Yip SenPo , Ho Johnny C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractContinuous miniaturization of semiconductor devices is the key to boosting modern electronics development. However, this downscaling strategy has been rarely utilized in photoelectronics and photovoltaics. Here, in this work, a full‐van der Waals (vdWs) 1D p‐Te/2D n‐Bi2O2Se heterodiode with a rationally designed nanoscale ultra‐photosensitive channel is reported. Enabled by the dangling bond‐free mixed‐dimensional vdWs integration, the Te/Bi2O2Se type‐II diodes show a high rectification ratio of 3.6 × 104. Operating with 100 mV reverse bias or in a self‐power mode, the photodiodes demonstrate excellent photodetection performances, including high responsivities of 130 A W−1 (100 mV bias) and 768.8 mA W−1 (self‐power mode), surpassing most of the reports of other heterostructures. More importantly, a superlinear photoelectric conversion phenomenon is uncovered in these nanoscale full‐vdWs photodiodes, in which a model based on the in‐gap trap‐assisted recombination is proposed for this superlinearity. All these results provide valuable insights in light–matter interactions for further performance enhancement of photoelectronic devices.