bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow Cytometry based 'Acute Myeloid Leukemia Maturity Score' is a Novel Marker for Predicting Relapse in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Mishra Priyanka , Seema Tyagi  , Preeti Tripathi  , Rahul Sharma  , H P Pati  , Manoranjan Mahapatra  
Published: February 2022

Objectives: A novel flow cytometric ‘AML Maturity Score (AMS)’ classifying patients into AML-immature (AML-im) and AML-mature (AML-ma) based on CD34, CD117 and Tdt expression on blasts correlated with induction remission, relapse free survival and overall survival in previous studies. We aimed to study the correlation between AMS and ELN risk group and outcomes- induction remission (IR), time to remission (TTR) and relapse.
Material and Methods: This was a combined prospective and retrospective study of 104 AML patients over 30 months. Flow cytometry based quantitative expression of CD34, TdT and CD117 on blasts was used for calculating AMS and additional tube for CD34+CD38-CD123+ cells was put at diagnosis in 47 patients prospectively studied. The patients received 1-2 cycles of standard induction (3+7) comprising Daunorubicin (60mg/m2/day for 3 days) and Cytarabine (continuous infusion 100mg/m2/day for 7 days). Data was collected on the clinical and laboratory parameters, cytogenetics and molecular profile of these patients who were followed up for IR, TTR and relapse.
Results: Of 104 patients, AML-im were 86.6% (90/104) and AML-ma were 13.4% (14/104). Patients were classified as – favorable risk (28.8%), intermediate risk (50%) and adverse risk (21.1%) on the basis of ELN 2017. Of 104 patients, 74 attained IR and of 65 patients followed up over mean period of 18 months, 27 relapsed. The mean AMS was significantly more in patients who attained IR (p=0.003). On classifying patients as AML-im and AML-ma, TTR (p=0.000) and relapses (p=0.043) were significantly higher in AML-im group.
Conclusion: AMS is a novel flow cytometry based potential marker for predicting relapses in AML patients.
NCMW: A Python Package to Analyze Metabolic Interactions in the Nasal Microbiome
Authors: Glöckler Manuel , Dräger Andreas , Mostolizadeh Reihaneh 
Published: February 2022

The human upper respiratory tract is the reservoir of a diverse community of commensals and potential pathogens (pathobionts), including Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Staphylococcus aureus, which occasionally turn into pathogens causing infectious diseases, while the contribution of many nasal microorganisms to human health remains undiscovered. To better understand the composition of the nasal microbiome community, we create a workflow of the community model, which mimics the human nasal environment. To address this challenge, constraint-based reconstruction of biochemically accurate genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) networks of microorganisms is mandatory. Our workflow applies constraint-based modeling (CBM), simulates the metabolism between species in a given microbiome, and facilitates generating novel hypotheses on microbial interactions. Utilizing this workflow, we hope to gain a better understanding of interactions from the metabolic modeling perspective. This article presents nasal community modeling workflow (NCMW)—a python package based on GEMs of species as a starting point for understanding the composition of the nasal microbiome community. The package is constructed as a step-by-step mathematical framework for metabolic modeling and analysis of the nasal microbial community. Using constraint-based models reduces the need for culturing species in vitro, a process that is not convenient in the environment of human noses.Availability: NCMW is freely available on the Python Package Index (PIP) via pip install NCMW. The source code, documentation, and usage examples (Jupyter Notebook and example files) are available at https://github.com/manuelgloeckler/ncmw.
Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular Strains Using Novel Three-Dimensional Analytical Software in Patients With Cardiac Disease
Authors: Kitano Tetsuji , Kovács Attila , Nabeshima Yosuke , Tokodi Márton , Fábián Alexandra , Lakatos Bálint Károly , Takeuchi Masaaki 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundRight ventricular (RV) three-dimensional (3D) strains can be measured using novel 3D RV analytical software (ReVISION). Our objective was to investigate the prognostic value of RV 3D strains.MethodsWe retrospectively selected patients who underwent both 3D echocardiography (3DE) and cardiac magnetic resonance from January 2014 to October 2020. 3DE datasets were analyzed with 3D speckle tracking software and the ReVISION software. The primary end point was a composite of cardiac events, including cardiac death, heart failure hospitalization, or ventricular tachyarrhythmia.Results341 patients were included in this analysis. During a median of 20 months of follow-up, 49 patients reached a composite of cardiac events. In univariate analysis, 3D RV ejection fraction (RVEF) and three 3D strain values [RV global circumferential strain (3D RVGCS), RV global longitudinal strain (3D RVGLS), and RV global area strain (3D RVGAS)] were significantly associated with cardiac death, ventricular tachyarrhythmia, or heart failure hospitalization (Hazard ratio: 0.88 to 0.93, p &lt; 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that 3D RVEF, three 3D strain values were significantly associated with cardiac events after adjusting for age, chronic kidney disease, and left ventricular systolic/diastolic parameters. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that 3D RVEF of 45% and median values of 3D RVGCS, 3D RVGLS, and 3D RVGAS stratified a higher risk for survival rates. Classification and regression tree analysis, including 22 clinical and echocardiographic parameters, selected 3D RVEF (cut-off value: 34.5%) first, followed by diastolic blood pressure (cut-off value: 53 mmHg) and 3D RVGAS (cut-off value: 32.4%) for stratifying two high-risk group, one intermediate-risk group, and one low-risk group.ConclusionsRV 3D strain had an equivalent prognostic value compared with 3D RVEF. Combining these parameters with 3D RVEF may allow more detailed stratification of patient's prognosis in a wide array of cardiac diseases.
Near Real-Time Petrologic Monitoring on Volcanic Glass to Infer Magmatic Processes During the February–April 2021 Paroxysms of the South-East Crater, Etna
Authors: Corsaro Rosa Anna , Miraglia Lucia 
Published: February 2022

The South-East crater of Etna (SEC) is the most active summit crater over the last 20 years, producing lava fountains in 2000, 2007–08, and 2011–14. It has been monitored by the INGV Etna Observatory by instrumental networks, field surveys and petrologic monitoring. The syn-eruptive petrologic monitoring consists of an articulated work chain which is generally carried out within 24 h from the moment the sample was emplaced to detect possible changes of magma composition episode by episode, as well as over a longer period. The findings of petrologic monitoring are integrated with the results provided by geophysical networks and gas geochemistry to check the volcano’s behavior during the eruption and to communicate potentially dangerous variations in eruptive features to the local authorities. This paper presents the variation of volcanic glass compositions during the paroxysmal activity of the SEC, which began in December 2020 and climaxed with 17 episodes from 16 February to 1 April 2021. We infer pre-eruptive magmatic processes (e.g., fractional crystallization and mixing) based on temporal trends of some key compositional parameters (i.e., CaO/Al2O3; FeOtot/MgO). Correlation between magma dynamics and volcanological characteristics of the paroxysms requires future studies. We demonstrated that petrologic monitoring carried out during a volcanic crisis at Etna, as well as in other volcanoes worldwide, may be crucial to acquire preliminary insights into the structure of the plumbing system and the pre-eruptive processes governing the eruptive activity. Interestingly, this goal has been achieved also thanks to the collaboration with local citizens, who kindly contributed to collecting samples.
Two Distinct Back-Arc Closure Phases of the East Sea: Stratigraphic Evidence From the SW Ulleung Basin Margin
Authors: Lee Jae-Hyuk , Lee Jae-Ho , Yoon Seok-Hoon , Lee Hyun-Suk , Song Hoon-Young , Kim Gi-Bom 
Published: February 2022

This study focuses on revisiting the tectostratigraphic framework of the Ulleung Basin and conceptualizing neotectonics around the western East Sea margin. Based on the analysis of 2D and 3D multi-channel seismic reflection data and offshore drill wells, we divided the entire sedimentary successions of the Ulleung Basin into four tectostratigraphic sequences, named TS1 (c. 23–16 Ma), TS2 (c. 16–9 Ma), TS3 (c. 9–4 Ma), and TS4 (c. 4 Ma–present), in ascending order. The results show that each sequence has been deformed once or multiple times in different periods by juxtaposing two major compressional structures named the Dolgorae Thrust-Fold Belt and the Gorae Anticline. Interpretation of the stratal deformation and termination patterns of the syn- and post-deformational sequences of each structures suggests that the thrusting and folding of the Dolgorae Thrust-Fold Belt was active from c. 16 Ma to c. 9 Ma under the NNW–SSE compressional stress regime (Stage-2), whereas the Gorae Anticline was active from 4 Ma to the present under the ENE–WSW compressional stress regime (Stage-4). Between these two compressional events, there was an intervening period of regional slow subsidence driven by thermal contraction of the back-arc lithosphere and isostatic sedimentary loading (Stage-3). Based on the stratigraphic and structural reconstruction, we propose a 4-stage tectonic model: Stage-1) back-arc opening stage associated with the southward drift of the Japanese islands (c. 23–16 Ma), Stage-2) tectonic-inversion stage in association with the reorganization of the Pacific and Philippine Sea plates and clockwise rotation of SW Japan (c. 16–9 Ma), Stage-3) post-inversion stage with regional thermal and isostatic subsidence (c. 9–4 Ma), and Stage-4) neotectonic stage in which embryonic subduction is nucleating on the East Sea margins under the E–W compressional stress regime (c. 4 Ma–present).
Prevalence, Deaths and Disability-Adjusted-Life-Years (DALYs) Due to Type 2 Diabetes and Its Attributable Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2019: Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Safiri Saeid , Karamzad Nahid , Kaufman Jay S. , Bell Arielle Wilder , Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria , Sullman Mark J. M. , Moradi-Lakeh Maziar , Collins Gary , Kolahi Ali-Asghar 
Published: February 2022

AimTo report the point prevalence, deaths and disability-adjusted-life-years (DALYs) due to type 2 diabetes and its attributable risk factors in 204 countries and territories during the period 1990-2019.MethodsWe used the data of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019 to report number and age-standardised rates per 100 000 population of type 2 diabetes. Estimates were reported with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs).ResultsIn 2019, the global age-standardised point prevalence and death rates for type 2 diabetes were 5282.9 and 18.5 per 100 000, an increase of 49% and 10.8%, respectively, since 1990. Moreover, the global age-standardised DALY rate in 2019 was 801.5 per 100 000, an increase of 27.6% since 1990. In 2019, the global point prevalence of type 2 diabetes was slightly higher in males and increased with age up to the 75-79 age group, decreasing across the remaining age groups. American Samoa [19876.8] had the highest age-standardised point prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes in 2019. Generally, the burden of type 2 diabetes decreased with increasing SDI (Socio-demographic Index). Globally, high body mass index [51.9%], ambient particulate matter pollution [13.6%] and smoking [9.9%] had the three highest proportions of attributable DALYs.ConclusionLow and middle-income countries have the highest burden and greater investment in type 2 diabetes prevention is needed. In addition, accurate data on type 2 diabetes needs to be collected by the health systems of all countries to allow better monitoring and evaluation of population-level interventions.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adolescents With Obesity: Monitoring of Glucose Profiles, Glycemic Excursions, and Adherence to Time Restricted Eating Programs
Authors: Naguib Monica N. , Hegedus Elizabeth , Raymond Jennifer K. , Goran Michael I. , Salvy Sarah-Jeanne , Wee Choo Phei , Durazo-Arvizu Ramon , Moss Lilith , Vidmar Alaina P. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundRandomized controlled trials of time restricted eating (TRE) in adults have demonstrated improvements in glucose variability as captured by continuous glucose monitors (CGM). However, little is known about the feasibility of CGM use in TRE interventions in adolescents, or the expected changes in glycemic profiles in response to changes in meal-timing. As part of a pilot trial of TRE in adolescents with obesity, this study aimed to 1) assess the feasibility of CGM use, 2) describe baseline glycemic profiles in adolescents with obesity, without diabetes, and 3) compare the difference between glycemic profiles in groups practicing TRE versus control.MethodsThis study leverages data from a 12-week pilot trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03954223) of late TRE in adolescents with obesity compared to a prolonged eating window. Feasibility of CGM use was assessed by monitoring 1) the percent wear time of the CGM and 2) responses to satisfaction questionnaires. A computation of summary measures of all glycemic data prior to randomization was done using EasyGV and R. Repeat measures analysis was conducted to assess the change in glycemic variability over time between groups. Review of CGM tracings during periods of 24-hour dietary recall was utilized to describe glycemic excursions.ResultsFifty participants were enrolled in the study and 43 had CGM and dietary recall data available (16.4 + 1.3 years, 64% female, 64% Hispanic, 74% public insurance). There was high adherence to daily CGM wear (96.4%) without negative impacts on daily functioning. There was no significant change in the glycemic variability as measured by standard deviation, mean amplitude glycemic excursion, and glucose area under the curve over the study period between groups.ConclusionsCGM use appears to be a feasible and acceptable tool to monitor glycemic profiles in adolescents with obesity and may be a helpful strategy to confirm TRE dosage by capturing glycemic excursions compared to self-reported meal timing. There was no effect of TRE on glucose profiles in this study. Further research is needed to investigate how TRE impacts glycemic variability in this age group and to explore if timing of eating window effects these findings.
Re-Fracturing Wells Selection by Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process—Taking Mahu Oilfield as An Example
Authors: Xiong Qiyong , Ma Xinfang , Wu Baocheng , Ren Guangcong , Pan Jingjun , Yi Xingyu , Deng Weibing , Yi Yonggang 
Published: February 2022

Re-fracturing treatments of horizontal wells are increasingly gaining popularity to address the issue of rapid production decline and low recovery ratio for the conglomerate reservoir of the Mahu Oilfield. How to effectively select the horizontal wells with potentiality for re-fracturing and conduct the re-fracturing operation to achieve the purpose is the key problem that needs to be investigated urgently. However, the conventional methods for vertical wells are not in our consideration, and some methods for horizontal wells have their limits for the Mahu reservoir. To cope with problems mentioned above, fourteen factors from geology parameters, engineering parameters, and production performance parameters are considered to establish a multi-level evaluation model to quantify the potentiality of each horizontal well for re-fracturing in the Mahu Oilfield. First, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to obtain the weights of various factors affecting the productivity of horizontal wells, and on this basis, the subordination degree and evaluation matrix are then calculated, and finally, the fuzzy synthetic determination is obtained to determine the candidate wells for re-fracturing. The results have shown that the weights corresponding to engineering parameters obtained by the AHP method are the largest, followed by geology parameters, and the weights of production performance parameters are the minimal relatively; the number of fractures and the sand quantity of single cluster are the main controlling factors in engineering factors, and the initial formation pressure is the main controlling factor in geological factors; there is obvious correlation between the cumulative oil production after 90 days of primary fracturing with final cumulative production. Wells M15, M13, and M7 rank top three among the candidate wells. Through re-fracturing treatment by temporary plugging, the daily oil production of well M15 has increased significantly and is even higher than that of the primary hydraulic fracturing stimulation, confirming the reliability of the proposed selection method.
CD47 Blockade Accelerates Blood Clearance and Alleviates Early Brain Injury After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Xu Chao-ran , Li Jian-ru , Jiang Shao-wei , Wan Liang , Zhang Xin , Xia Lei , Hua Xu-ming , Li Shi-ting , Chen Huai-jun , Fu Xiong-jie , Jing Chao-hui 
Published: February 2022

AimsSubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating stroke subtype. Following SAH, erythrocyte lysis contributes to cell death and brain injuries. Blockage of the anti-phagocytic receptor Cluster of Differentiation 47 (CD47) enhances phagocyte clearance of erythrocytes, though it has not been well-studied post-SAH. The current study aims to determine whether anti-CD47 treatment can enhance blood clearance after experimental SAH.MethodsThe prechiasmatic blood injection model of SAH was used in mice. Mice were either treated with the CD47-blocking antibody or IgG as control. The effect of the anti-CD47 antibody on blood clearance and neurological function following SAH was determined. Neuroinflammation and neuronal injury were compared between the treatment and control samples on day 1 and day 7 after SAH using flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, Fluoro-Jade C, and Nissl staining, RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis.ResultsCD47-blocking antibody sped-up blood clearance after SAH, and resulted in less neuronal injury and neurological deficits than control samples. Microglia played a role in the anti-CD47 blockade. Following SAH Following SAH, CD47 antibody-treated mice had less neuroinflammation and lower levels of apoptosis compared to controls and both one and 7 days.ConclusionsCD47 antibody treatment has a neuroprotective effect following SAH, by increasing blood clearance rate and reducing brain injury. These findings suggest CD47 antibody treatment may improve SAH patient outcomes.
Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury and Immunosuppressants Promote Polyomavirus Replication Through Common Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Chen Xu-Tao , Huang Yang , Wang Jing , Li Ge , Zhang Yu , He Li-Fang , Lian Yue-Xiao , Yang Shi-Cong , Zhao Guo-Dong , Zhang Hui , Qiu Jiang , Zhang Lei , Huang Gang 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundBK polyomavirus (BKPyV)-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) causes renal allograft dysfunction and graft loss. However, the mechanism of BKPyV replication after kidney transplantation is unclear. Clinical studies have demonstrated that immunosuppressants and renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) are risk factors for BKPyV infection. Studying the pathogenic mechanism of BKPyV is limited by the inability of BKPyV to infect the animal. Mouse polyomavirus (MPyV) is a close homolog of BKPyV. We used a model of MPyV infection to investigate the core genes and underlying mechanism of IRI and immunosuppressants to promote polyomavirus replication.Materials and MethodsOne-day-old male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with MPyV. At week 9 post-infection, all mice were randomly divided into IRI, immunosuppressant, and control groups and treated accordingly. IRI was established by clamping the left renal pedicle. Subsequently, kidney specimens were collected for detecting MPyV DNA, histopathological observation, and high-throughput RNA sequencing. Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA), protein–protein interaction network analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were used to screen for core genes and common signaling pathways involved in promoting MPyV replication by IRI and immunosuppressants.ResultsAfter primary infection, MPyV established persistent infection in kidneys and subsequently was significantly increased by IRI or immunosuppressant treatment individually. In the IRI group, viral loads peaked on day 3 in the left kidney, which were significantly higher than those in the right kidney and the control group. In the immunosuppressant group, viral loads in the left kidney were significantly increased on day 3, which were significantly higher than those in the control group. Protein–protein interaction network analysis and WGCNA screened complement C3, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and FN1 as core genes. Pathway enrichment analysis based on the IRI- or immunosuppressant-related genes selected by WGCNA indicated that the NF-κB signaling pathway was the main pathway involved in promoting MPyV replication. The core genes were further confirmed using published datasets GSE47199 and GSE75693 in human polyomavirus-associated nephropathy.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that IRI and immunosuppressants promote polyomavirus replication through common molecular mechanisms. In future studies, knockdown or specific inhibition of C3, EGFR, FN1, and NF-κB signaling pathway will further validate their critical roles in promoting polyomavirus replication.