bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medications for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Pitre Tyler , Su Johnny , Cui Sonya , Scanlan Ryan , Chiang Christopher , Husnudinov Renata , Khalid Muhammad Faran , Khan Nadia , Leung Gareth , Mikhail David , Saadat Pakeezah , Shahid Shaneela , Mah Jasmine , Mielniczuk Lisa , Zeraatkar Dena , Mehta Sanjay 
Published: August 2022

Background:There is no consensus on the most effective treatments of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Our objective was to compare effects of medications for PAH.Methods:We searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials andClinicaltrials.govfrom inception to December 2021. We performed a frequentist random-effects network meta-analysis on all included trials. We rated the certainty of the evidence using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.Results:We included 53 randomised controlled trials with 10 670 patients. Combination therapy with endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) plus phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i) reduced clinical worsening (120.7 fewer events per 1000, 95% CI 136.8–93.4 fewer; high certainty) and was superior to either ERA or PDE5i alone, both of which reduced clinical worsening, as did riociguat monotherapy (all high certainty). PDE5i (24.9 fewer deaths per 1000, 95% CI 35.2 fewer to 2.1 more); intravenous/subcutaneous prostanoids (18.3 fewer deaths per 1000, 95% CI 28.6 fewer deaths to 0) and riociguat (29.1 fewer deaths per 1000, 95% CI 38.6 fewer to 8.7 more) probably reduce mortality as compared to placebo (all moderate certainty). Combination therapy with ERA+PDE5i (49.9 m, 95% CI 25.9–73.8 m) and riociguat (49.5 m, 95% CI 17.3–81.7 m) probably increase 6-min walk distance as compared to placebo (moderate certainty).Conclusion:Current PAH treatments improve clinically important outcomes, although the degree and certainty of benefit vary between treatments.
Determinants of metabolic syndrome among patients attending diabetes clinics in two sub-urban hospitals: Bono Region, Ghana
Authors: Abagre Timothy Agandah , Bandoh Delia Akosua , Addo-Lartey Adolphina Addoley 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Over 70% of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may have metabolic syndrome in sub-Saharan Africa. Evidence about the prevalence, clustering, and determinants of metabolic syndrome components is needed to guide the implementation of interventions to prevent cardiovascular diseases in low-income countries.

Methods
A clinic-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 430 out-patients attending two-selected diabetes mellitus clinics in the Bono Region of Ghana. Data was collected in June 2016 among participants aged 30–79 years. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was assessed using the harmonized definition. Patients were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires and T2DM status was confirmed by reviewing medical records. The components of MS that were assessed included body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, and blood glucose. Multiple logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate the risk factors of MS.

Results
The mean age of participants was 58.8 ± 11.49 years. The prevalence of MS was 68.6% (95% CI: 64.0–72.8), higher among women (76.3%, 95% CI: 70.6–81.2) than men (58.0%, 95% CI: 35.0–49.4) and in the 50–59-year age group (32.1%). The majority of participants [248 (57.7%)] had either two [124 (28.8%)] or four [124 (28.8%)] components of MS. Excluding fasting blood glucose (78.4%), the predominant components of MS identified in the study were reduced HDL cholesterol (70.2%), high waist circumference (60.9%), and elevated systolic blood pressure (49.8%). The study found that the odds of MS in women are 2.2-fold higher than in men (95% CI: 1.29–3.58, p = 0.003). Duration of T2DM (OR 5.2, 95% CI: 2.90–9.31, p < 0.001) and overweight status (OR 6.1, 95% CI: 3.70–10.07 p < 0.001) were also found to be significant determinants of MS.

Conclusions
Metabolic syndrome was common among patients attending routine diabetes mellitus clinics in sub-urban hospitals in the middle belt of Ghana. Significant factors associated with metabolic syndrome included being female, living with diabetes for more than five years, and being overweight. Nationwide advocacy for routine screening and prevention of the syndrome should be initiated to prevent cardiovascular disease and mortality in this vulnerable population.
Social capital and health information seeking in China
Authors: Lu Qianfeng , Chang Angela , Yu Guoming , Yang Ya , Schulz Peter J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
People’s potentials to seek health information can be affected by their social context, such as their social networks and the resources provided through those social networks. In the past decades, the concept of social capital has been widely used in the health realm to indicate people’s social context. However, not many such studies were conducted in China. Chinese society has its special quality that many Western societies lack: people traditionally render strong value to family relations and rely heavily on strong social ties in their social life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the association between different types of social capital and health information-seeking behavior (HISB) in the Chinese context. The different types of social capital were primarily bonding and bridging, as well as cognitive and structural ones.

Methods
Our analysis is based on a total of 3090 cases taken from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) – China, 2017. Dataset was weighted due to the overrepresentation of female respondents and hierarchical multiple regression analyses as well as binary logistic regression tests were operated to examine the associations between people’s social capital and their HISB.

Results
Some aspects of social capital emerged as positive predictors of HISB: information support (standing in for the cognitive component of social capital) promoted health information seeking, organization memberships (standing in for the structural component) encouraged cancer information seeking, and both the use of the internet and of traditional media for gaining health information were positively linked with bridging networks and organization memberships. Bonding networks (structural component) were not correlated with any other of the key variables and emotional support (cognitive social capital) was consistently associated with all health information-seeking indicators negatively.

Conclusions
Social capital demonstrated significant and complex relationships with HISB in China. Structural social capital generally encouraged HISB in China, especially the bridging aspects including bridging networks and organization memberships. On the other hand, emotional support as cognitive social capital damaged people’s initiatives in seeking health-related information.
Correlates and determinants of transport-related physical activity among adults: an interdisciplinary systematic review
Authors: Evans Jack T. , Phan Hoang , Buscot Marie-Jeanne , Gall Seana , Cleland Verity 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionTransport-related physical activity (TRPA) has been identified as a way to increase physical activity due to its discretionary and habitual nature. Factors thought to influence TRPA span multiple disciplines and are rarely systematically considered in unison. This systematic review aimed to identify cross-sectional and longitudinal factors associated with adult TRPA across multiple research disciplines.MethodsUsing four electronic databases, a systematic search of English, peer-reviewed literature from 2010 – 2020 was performed. Studies quantitatively examining factors associated with the outcome of adult TRPA were eligible.ResultsSeventy-three studies (n = 66 cross-sectional;n = 7 longitudinal) were included, cumulatively reporting data from 1,278,632 observations. Thirty-six factors were examined for potential association with TRPA and presented in a social-ecological framework: individual (n = 15), social (n = 3), and environmental (n = 18). Seven factors were found to be consistently associated with higher adult TRPA: lower socio-economic status, higher self-efficacy, higher social normalization, lower distance of travel, higher destination concentration, more streetlighting, and higher public transportation frequency with a greater number of terminals near route start and endpoints.ConclusionsThis is the first comprehensive compilation of the correlates and determinants of adult TRPA. Seven individual, social, and environmental factors demonstrated consistent associations with TRPA. Models formed using these factors may facilitate more effective promotion of TRPA. There is a lack of longitudinal studies as well as studies assessing cognitive/attitudinal and social factors, highlighting gaps for further research. Those developing policies and strategies targeting TRPA need to consider a range of factors at the individual, social, and environmental level to maximise the likelihood of effectiveness.
Job-related stress associated with work-related upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMDs) in municipal waste collectors: the moderation and mediation effect of job support
Authors: Yang Ching-Lan , Huang Wei-Ping , Lin Wen-Yu , Tseng Po-Chang , Kuo Hsien-Wen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Since the policy of “keeping trash off of the ground” in Taiwan, long-term exposure to repetitive motion in waste collection process results in high risk of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMDs). Thus, we assessed the moderation and mediation effects of job-related stress and job support on work-related UEMDs among municipal waste collectors.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in two cities located at northern Taiwan during 2018–2019. 626 municipal waste collectors voluntarily participated and anonymously filled out a structured questionnaire. The moderation and mediation effects of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and social support on UEMDs were analyzed by Haye’s Process Macro Model.

Results
Prevalence of UEMDs in municipal waste collectors were 43.4% for neck, 56.0% for shoulder, 24.1% for upper back, and 33.1% for hand/wrist. There was high prevalence of shoulder (72.2%), neck (48%), and upper back (30%) in female workers compared to male, most significantly in shoulders. In univariate and multivariate analysis, high ERI and low job support were significantly associated with ORs of 3.11 (95% CI:1.58–6.13) for elbow, 2.79 (95% CI:1.39–5.56) for shoulder, 3.39 (95% CI:1.64–7.00) for upper back and 3.83 (95% CI:1.98–7.41) for hand/wrist. Prevalent UEMDs were positively associated with high ERI in municipal waste collectors but negatively with job support. The moderation effects of ERI and job support on UEMDs, of which the measured synergy index exceeded one, were 18.24 for shoulder, 3.32 for elbow, and 2.45 for hand/wrist, but mediation effects were not significant.

Conclusions
This study found municipal waste collectors with work-related upper extremity disorders were significantly associated with work-related psychological risk factors. Therefore, waste collection cannot only to be improved by semi-automatic and automatic processes but immediate intervention programs for the reduction of psychological risk factors is needed promptly.
Changes in the prevalence of hyperuricemia in clients of health examination in Eastern China, 2009 to 2019
Authors: She Dunmin , Wang Yongliang , Liu Jing , Luo Na , Feng Shangyong , Li Ying , Xu Jin , Xie Shichun , Zhu Yan , Xue Ying , Zhang Zhenwen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the incidence of hyperuricemia (HUA) is increasing globally. The prevalence of HUA ranged in terms of region, race, and age. This study aims to investigate the changes in the prevalence of HUA in clients of health examination in Eastern China between 2009 and 2019.

Methods
Chinese men and women aged 20–79 years (n = 4847 in the 2009 group and n = 12,188 in 2019 group) who had received health examinations were enrolled. Serum uric acid (UA) levels and biochemical parameters, including fasting blood-glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were evaluated. The prevalence of HUA in different age groups were measured, and the correlation of biochemical parameters with HUA were analyzed.

Results
The prevalence of HUA was 18.7% in the 2019 group, which was significantly higher than that in 2009 (11.1%). In females, the prevalence of HUA was significantly higher in 2019 than 2009 for age groups of 20–29 and 30–39 years. In male population, 2019 participants had significantly higher age-specific prevalence for all age groups than 2009 participants. Young men aged 20–29 years became the main population of HUA in the 2019 participants, whereas middle-aged men aged 40–49 years had the highest prevalence of HUA in the 2009 participants. The prevalence rates of HUA in all BMI groups in 2019 participants were significantly higher than those in 2009 participants. Spearmen’s correlation analysis and Logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI was positively correlated with HUA. The receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed BMI > 24.48 kg/m2 and BMI > 23.84 kg/m2 displayed good capacities to discriminate the population with HUA from those without HUA in 2009 and 2019 participants, respectively.

Conclusions
In recent 10 years, the prevalence of HUA was increased rapidly in Chinese adults, especially in males. In 2019, the young male group (20–29 years old) replaced the middle-aged male group (40–49 years old) in 2009 as the leading age group for male HUA. BMI was positively correlated with HUA, and might be a potential risk factors to predict HUA.
Traditional Chinese medicine formula 01 for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC01) for head & neck cancer and health-related quality of life: a retrospective study
Authors: Yanwei Li , Feng He , Xudong Wang , Zhanyu Pan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula 01 for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC01) is used in the management of head and neck cancers (HNCs), but whether NPC01 has an impact on the HR-QOL of patients with HNCs is unknown.

Methods
This was a retrospective study of patients with HNCs who were treated between January 2019 and January 2020 at the Head & Neck Cancer Center of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital. The patients were grouped according to whether they received NPC01 or not (controls). All patients routinely completed the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-H&N35 modules before and after 3 months of systemic treatment. Health economics were collected.

Results
The patients who received NPC01 were older than the controls (48.6 ± 11.4 vs. 43.4 ± 8.8 years, P = 0.004). All other characteristics were comparable between the two groups (all P > 0.05). In EORTC QLQ-C30, physical functioning (P = 0.03), fatigue (P = 0.04), pain (P = 0.02), appetite loss (P = 0.02), and constipation (P = 0.01) scores were improved more in the NPC01 group than in controls. In EORTC H&N35, the scores for pain (P = 0.02), swallowing (P = 0.01), and dry mouth (P = 0.02) were better in the NPC01 group than in controls. The NPC01 cost was 38.94 RMB/patient compared with 12.81 RMB/patient for regular follow-up, but considering insurance coverage, the financial burden was not higher.

Conclusions
The results suggest that NPC01 improves HNCs-related symptoms and HR-QOL.
Coverage and equity of essential care services among stroke survivors in the Western Province of Sri Lanka: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Wellappuli Nalinda Tharanga , Perera Hettiarachchige Subashini Rasanja , Chang Thashi , Kasthuriratne Gunendrika , Gunawardena Nalika Sepali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Stroke survivors require continuing services to limit disability. This study assessed the coverage and equity of essential care services received during the first six months of post-stroke follow-up of stroke survivors in the Western Province of Sri Lanka.

Methods
A multidisciplinary team defined the essential post-stoke follow-up care services and agreed on a system to categorize the coverage of services as adequate or inadequate among those who were identified as needing the said service. We recruited 502 survivors of first ever stroke of any type, from 11 specialist hospitals upon discharge. Six months following discharge, trained interviewers visited their homes and assessed the coverage of essential services using a structured questionnaire.

Results
Forty-nine essential post-stroke follow-up care services were identified and categorized into six domains: monitoring of risk conditions, treatment, services to limit disabilities, services to prevent complications, lifestyle modification and supportive services. Of the recruited 502 stroke survivors, 363 (72.3%) were traced at the end of 6 months. Coverage of antiplatelet therapy was the highest (97.2% (n = 289, 95% CI 95.3- 99.1)) while referral to mental health services (3.3%, n = 12, 95% CI 1.4–5.1) and training on employment for the previously employed (2.2%, n = 4, 95% CI- 0.08–4.32), were the lowest among the six domains of care. In the sample, 59.8% (95% CI 54.76–64.48) had received an ‘adequate’ level of essential care services related to treatment while none received an ‘adequate’ level of services in the category of support services. Disaggregated service coverage by presence and type of limb paralysis within the domain of services to prevent complications, and by sex and education level within the domain of education level, show statistically significant differences (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Apart from treatment services to limit disabilities, coverage of essential care services during the post-stroke period was inadequate. There were no apparent inequities in the coverage of vast majority of services. However focused policy decisions are required to address these gaps in services.
Region of birth differences in healthcare navigation and optimisation: the interplay of racial discrimination and socioeconomic position
Authors: Paccoud Ivana , Nazroo James , Leist Anja K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
While a large body of research has documented socioeconomic and migrant inequities in the effective use of healthcare services, the reasons underlying such inequities are yet to be fully understood. This study assesses the interplay between racial discrimination and socioeconomic position, as conceptualised by Bourdieu, and their contributions to healthcare navigation and optimisation.

Methods
Using a cross-sectional survey in Luxembourg we collected data from individuals with wide-ranging migration and socioeconomic profiles. We fitted sequential multiple linear and logistic regressions to investigate the relationships between healthcare service navigation and optimisation with perceived racial discrimination and socioeconomic position measured by economic, cultural and social capital. We also investigated whether the ownership of these capitals moderates the experience of racial discrimination in healthcare settings.

Results
We observed important disparities in healthcare navigation among different migrant communities. These differences were explained by accounting for the experience of racial discrimination. Racial discrimination was also negatively related with the extent of healthcare services optimisation. However, the impact of discrimination on both health service navigation and optimisation was reduced after accounting for social capital. Higher volumes of economic and social capital were associated with better healthcare experience, and with a lower probability of perceived racial discrimination.

Conclusions
Racial discrimination plays a substantial role in accounting for inequality in healthcare service navigation by different migrant groups. This study highlights the need to consider the complex interplay between different forms of economic, cultural and social capital and racial discrimination when examining migrant, and racial/ethnic differences in healthcare. Healthcare inequalities arising from socioeconomic position and racism need to be addressed via multilevel policies and interventions that simultaneously tackle structural, interpersonal, and institutional dimensions of racism.
Clinicopathologic features of de novo non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in the post-transplant setting
Authors: Balitzer Dana , Tsai Jia-Huei , Gill Ryan M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundNon-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has become an increasingly recognized problem in patients after orthotopic liver transplant. The aims of this study were to compare the clinicopathologic features of recurrent and de novo NASH.MethodsFrom 1995 to 2016, we performed a retrospective review of patients with a histological diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis made more than 6 months after liver transplant at University of California, San Francisco. The cases were categorized into de novo (n = 19) or recurrent steatohepatitis (n = 37).ResultsHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection-related cirrhosis was the most common etiology of transplantation in de novo NASH (78% of cases,n = 29). There was no difference in glycogenosis or presence of grade 3 steatosis. More recurrent NASH biopsies had small ballooned hepatocytes (62.5% of cases) compared to de novo NASH (26.7%) (p = 0.03), and were less likely to show prominent portal inflammation (5% versus 40.5%,p = 0.0049). The diagnosis of recurrent NASH was made significantly sooner after transplantation than the diagnosis of de novo NASH (2.8 years versus 4.8 years,p = 0.02).ConclusionsOverall, our results support that recurrent NASH demonstrates distinct clinicopathologic features compared to de novo NASH arising in the post-transplant setting.