bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The default network is causally linked to creative thinking
Authors: Shofty Ben , Gonen Tal , Bergmann Eyal , Mayseless Naama , Korn Akiva , Shamay-Tsoory Simone , Grossman Rachel , Jalon Itamar , Kahn Itamar , Ram Zvi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCreative thinking represents a major evolutionary mechanism that greatly contributed to the rapid advancement of the human species. The ability to produce novel and useful ideas, or original thinking, is thought to correlate well with unexpected, synchronous activation of several large-scale, dispersed cortical networks, such as the default network (DN). Despite a vast amount of correlative evidence, a causal link between default network and creativity has yet to be demonstrated. Surgeries for resection of brain tumors that lie in proximity to speech related areas are performed while the patient is awake to map the exposed cortical surface for language functions. Such operations provide a unique opportunity to explore human behavior while disrupting a focal cortical area via focal electrical stimulation. We used a novel paradigm of individualized direct cortical stimulation to examine the association between creative thinking and the DN. Preoperative resting-state fMRI was used to map the DN in individual patients. A cortical area identified as a DN node (study) or outside the DN (controls) was stimulated while the participants performed an alternate-uses-task (AUT). This task measures divergent thinking through the number and originality of different uses provided for an everyday object. Baseline AUT performance in the operating room was positively correlated with DN integrity. Direct cortical stimulation at the DN node resulted in decreased ability to produce alternate uses, but not in the originality of uses produced. Stimulation in areas that when used as network seed regions produced a network similar to the canonical DN was associated with reduction of creative fluency. Stimulation of areas that did not produce a default-like network (controls) did not alter creative thinking. This is the first study to causally link the DN and creative thinking.
CD147 supports paclitaxel resistance via interacting with RanBP1
Authors: Nan Gang , Zhao Shu-Hua , Wang Ting , Chao Dong , Tian Ruo-Fei , Wang Wen-Jing , Fu Xin , Lin Peng , Guo Ting , Wang Bin , Sun Xiu-Xuan , Chen Xi , Chen Zhi-Nan , Wang Shi-Jie , Cui Hong-Yong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThough the great success of paclitaxel, the variable response of patients to the drug limits its clinical utility and the precise mechanisms underlying the variable response to paclitaxel remain largely unknown. This study aims to verify the role and the underlying mechanisms of CD147 in paclitaxel resistance. Immunostaining was used to analyze human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and ovarian cancer tissues. RNA-sequencing was used to identify downstream effectors. Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining were used to detect apoptosis. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) were performed to determine protein interactions. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) was performed to measure the speed of microtubule turnover. Xenograft tumor model was established to evaluate sensitivity of cancer cells to paclitaxel in vivo. In vitro and in vivo assays showed that silencing CD147 sensitized the cancer cells to paclitaxel treatment. CD147 protected cancer cells from paclitaxel-induced caspase-3 mediated apoptosis regardless of p53 status. Truncation analysis showed that the intracellular domain of CD147 (CD147ICD) was indispensable for CD147-regulated sensitivity to paclitaxel. Via screening the interacting proteins of CD147ICD, Ran binding protein 1 (RanBP1) was identified to interact with CD147ICD via its C-terminal tail. Furthermore, we showed that RanBP1 mediated CD147-regulated microtubule stability and dynamics as well as response to paclitaxel treatment. These results demonstrated that CD147 regulated paclitaxel response by interacting with the C-terminal tail of RanBP1 and targeting CD147 may be a promising strategy for preventing paclitaxel resistant.
Human gut-microbiome-derived propionate coordinates proteasomal degradation via HECTD2 upregulation to target EHMT2 in colorectal cancer
Authors: Ryu Tae Young , Kim Kwangho , Han Tae-Su , Lee Mi-Ok , Lee Jinkwon , Choi Jinhyeon , Jung Kwang Bo , Jeong Eun-Jeong , An Da Mi , Jung Cho-Rok , Lim Jung Hwa , Jung Jaeeun , Park Kunhyang , Lee Moo-Seung , Kim Mi-Young , Oh Soo Jin , Hur Keun , Hamamoto Ryuji , Park Doo-Sang , Kim Dae-Soo , Son Mi-Young , Cho Hyun-Soo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The human microbiome plays an essential role in the human immune system, food digestion, and protection from harmful bacteria by colonizing the human intestine. Recently, although the human microbiome affects colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, the mode of action between the microbiome and CRC remains unclear. This study showed that propionate suppressed CRC growth by promoting the proteasomal degradation of euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2) through HECT domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2 (HECTD2) upregulation. In addition, EHMT2 downregulation reduced the H3K9me2 level on the promoter region of tumor necrosis factor α-induced protein 1 (TNFAIP1) as a novel direct target of EHMT2. Subsequently, TNFAIP1 upregulation induced the apoptosis of CRC cells. Furthermore, using Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron culture medium, we confirmed EHMT2 downregulation via upregulation of HECTD2 and TNFAIP1 upregulation. Finally, we observed the synergistic effect of propionate and an EHMT2 inhibitor (BIX01294) in 3D spheroid culture models. Thus, we suggest the anticancer effects of propionate and EHMT2 as therapeutic targets for colon cancer treatment and may provide the possibility for the synergistic effects of an EHMT2 inhibitor and microbiome in CRC treatment.
O-GlcNAcylation of MORC2 at threonine 556 by OGT couples TGF-β signaling to breast cancer progression
Authors: Liu Ying-Ying , Liu Hong-Yi , Yu Tian-Jian , Lu Qin , Zhang Fang-Lin , Liu Guang-Yu , Shao Zhi-Ming , Li Da-Qiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMORC family CW-type zinc finger 2 (MORC2) is a newly identified chromatin-remodeling enzyme involved in DNA damage response and gene transcription, and its dysregulation has been linked with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, neurodevelopmental disorder, and cancer. Despite its functional importance, how MORC2 is regulated remains enigmatic. Here, we report that MORC2 is O-GlcNAcylated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) at threonine 556. Mutation of this site or pharmacological inhibition of OGT impairs MORC2-mediated breast cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro and lung colonization in vivo. Moreover, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) induces MORC2 O-GlcNAcylation through enhancing the stability of glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (GFAT), the rate-limiting enzyme for producing the sugar donor for OGT. O-GlcNAcylated MORC2 is required for transcriptional activation of TGF-β1 target genes connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (SNAIL). In support of these observations, knockdown of GFAT, SNAIL or CTGF compromises TGF-β1-induced, MORC2 O-GlcNAcylation-mediated breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Clinically, high expression of OGT, MORC2, SNAIL, and CTGF in breast tumors is associated with poor patient prognosis. Collectively, these findings uncover a previously unrecognized mechanistic role for MORC2 O-GlcNAcylation in breast cancer progression and provide evidence for targeting MORC2-dependent breast cancer through blocking its O-GlcNAcylation.
miR-125a-5p attenuates macrophage-mediated vascular dysfunction by targeting Ninjurin1
Authors: Hwang Su Jung , Ahn Bum Ju , Shin Min-Wook , Song Ye-Seul , Choi Youngbin , Oh Goo Taeg , Kim Kyu-Won , Lee Hyo-Jong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNinjurin1 (Ninj1), an adhesion molecule, regulates macrophage function in hyaloid regression, multiple sclerosis, and atherosclerosis. However, its biological relevance and the mechanism underlying its function in vascular network integrity have not been studied. In this study, we investigated the role of Ninj1 in physiological (postnatal vessel formation) and pathological (endotoxin-mediated inflammation and diabetes) conditions and developed a strategy to regulate Ninj1 using specific micro (mi)RNAs under pathological conditions. Ninj1-deficient mice exhibited decreased hyaloid regression, tip cell formation, retinal vascularized area, recruitment of macrophages, and endothelial apoptosis during postnatal development, resulting in delayed formation of the vascular network. Five putative miRNAs targeting Ninj1 were selected using the miRanda algorithm and comparison of expression patterns. Among them, miR-125a-5p showed a profound inhibitory effect on Ninj1 expression, and miR-125a-5p mimic suppressed the cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix adhesion of macrophages and expression of pro-inflammatory factors mediated by Ninj1. Furthermore, miR-125a-5p mimic inhibited the recruitment of macrophages into inflamed retinas in endotoxin-induced inflammation and streptozotocin-induced diabetes in vivo. In particular, miR-125a-5p mimic significantly attenuated vascular leakage in diabetic retinopathy. Taken together, these findings suggest that Ninj1 plays a pivotal role in macrophage-mediated vascular integrity and that miR-125a-5p acts as a novel regulator of Ninj1 in the management of inflammatory diseases and diabetic retinopathy.
The evolutionary history of the polyQ tract in huntingtin sheds light on its functional pro-neural activities
Authors: Iennaco Raffaele , Formenti Giulio , Trovesi Camilla , Rossi Riccardo Lorenzo , Zuccato Chiara , Lischetti Tiziana , Bocchi Vittoria Dickinson , Scolz Andrea , Martínez-Labarga Cristina , Rickards Olga , Pacifico Michela , Crottini Angelica , Møller Anders Pape , Chen Richard Zhenghuan , Vogt Thomas Francis , Pavesi Giulio , Horner David Stephen , Saino Nicola , Cattaneo Elena 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHuntington’s disease is caused by a pathologically long (>35) CAG repeat located in the first exon of the Huntingtin gene (HTT). While pathologically expanded CAG repeats are the focus of extensive investigations, non-pathogenic CAG tracts in protein-coding genes are less well characterized. Here, we investigated the function and evolution of the physiological CAG tract in theHTTgene. We show that the poly-glutamine (polyQ) tract encoded by CAGs in the huntingtin protein (HTT) is under purifying selection and subjected to stronger selective pressures than CAG-encoded polyQ tracts in other proteins. For natural selection to operate, the polyQ must perform a function. By combining genome-edited mouse embryonic stem cells and cell assays, we show that small variations in HTT polyQ lengths significantly correlate with cells’ neurogenic potential and with changes in the gene transcription network governing neuronal function. We conclude that during evolution natural selection promotes the conservation and purity of the CAG-encoded polyQ tract and that small increases in its physiological length influence neural functions of HTT. We propose that these changes in HTT polyQ length contribute to evolutionary fitness including potentially to the development of a more complex nervous system.
Ddx20, an Olig2 binding factor, governs the survival of neural and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells via proper Mdm2 splicing and p53 suppression
Authors: Bizen Norihisa , Bepari Asim K. , Zhou Li , Abe Manabu , Sakimura Kenji , Ono Katsuhiko , Takebayashi Hirohide 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOlig2 is indispensable for motoneuron and oligodendrocyte fate-specification in the pMN domain of embryonic spinal cords, and also involved in the proliferation and differentiation of several cell types in the nervous system, including neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and oligodendrocytes. However, how Olig2 controls these diverse biological processes remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that a novel Olig2-binding protein, DEAD-box helicase 20 (Ddx20), is indispensable for the survival of NPCs and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). A central nervous system (CNS)-specific Ddx20 conditional knockout (cKO) demonstrated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in NPCs and OPCs, through the potentiation of the p53 pathway in DNA damage-dependent and independent manners, including SMN complex disruption and the abnormal splicing of Mdm2 mRNA. Analyzes of Olig2 null NPCs showed that Olig2 contributed to NPC proliferation through Ddx20 protein stabilization. Our findings provide novel mechanisms underlying the Olig2-mediated proliferation of NPCs, via the Ddx20-p53 axis, in the embryonic CNS.
Renormalization of metabolic coupling treats age-related degenerative disorders: an oxidative RPE niche fuels the more glycolytic photoreceptors
Authors: Nolan Nicholas D. , Caruso Salvatore Marco , Cui Xuan , Tsang Stephen H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRetinitis pigmentosa is characterized by a dysregulation within the metabolic coupling of the retina, particularly between the glycolytic photoreceptors and the oxidative retina pigment epithelium. This phenomenon of metabolic uncoupling is seen in both aging and retinal degenerative diseases, as well as across a variety of cell types in human biology. Given its crucial role in the health and maintenance of these cell types, the metabolic pathways involved present a suitable area for therapeutic intervention. Herein, this review covers the scope of this delicate metabolic interplay, its dysregulation, how it relates to the retina as well other cell types, and finally concludes with a summary of various strategies aimed at reinstating normal metabolic coupling within the retina, and future directions within the field.
Use of ellipsoid zone width for predicting visual prognosis after cataract surgery in patients with retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Sakai Daiki , Takagi Seiji , Hirami Yasuhiko , Nakamura Makoto , Kurimoto Yasuo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective
To predict the visual prognosis of cataract surgery in patients with retinitis pigmentosa by measuring ellipsoid zone (EZ) width using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Methods
This retrospective study included patients with retinitis pigmentosa who underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery between December 2017 and June 2020. Preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the best postoperative BCVA during follow-up were collected. EZ width was measured on preoperative cross-sectional optical coherence tomography images along the horizontal/vertical meridian through the fovea.

Results
Thirty-eight eyes of 38 patients (22 female; mean [±standard deviation] age, 62.1 ± 11.8 years) were included. The median preoperative logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA of 0.52 (range, 0.00–3.00) significantly improved to 0.07 (range, −0.18–3.00) after surgery (P < 0.001). On preoperative spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images, the median horizontal, vertical, and average EZ widths were 783 (range, 0–9837), 761 (range, 0–10 250), and 769 (range, 0–10 043) μm, respectively. Postoperative BCVA significantly correlated with the horizontal (r = −0.784, P < 0.001), vertical (r = −0.777, P < 0.001), and average EZ widths (r = −0.777, P < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the ability of the horizontal, vertical, and average EZ widths to discriminate eyes with and without postoperative BCVA ≤ 0.3 was 0.971, 0.960, and 0.963, respectively, with best cut-off values of 513, 608, and 515 μm, respectively.

Conclusions
EZ width measurement can help predict the visual prognosis of cataract surgery in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. A preferable visual acuity prognosis can be expected in patients with an EZ width of approximately 600 μm.
Dissection of the Left Coronary Artery after Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Sadraddin Haval , Krüger Ulrich , Börgermann Jochen , Gerçek Mustafa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOur report presents a 73-year-old female patient with severe aortic stenosis who was admitted to our department for a surgical aortic valve replacement. After an uneventful surgery, a worsening low cardiac output syndrome with signs of myocardial ischemia occurred. Immediate angiography revealed a diffuse left coronary dissection starting from the ostium extending to the periphery of the left coronary system. The diffuse nature of the dissection ruled interventional management out and thus has been treated with urgent coronary bypass surgery. However, after an antecedent favorable course, the patient died 2 months later due to pneumonia resulting in septic shock.
Phlyctenular Conjunctivitis Treated with Homoeopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Sathye Sandeep Sudhakar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhlyctenular conjunctivitis (PC) is characterised by formation of a whitish nodule on bulbar conjunctiva near or at the limbus with a localised conjunctival congestion. It is considered as an allergic reaction to endogenous bacterial protein. Conventional treatment includes use of topical steroids in simple PC, but if there is some degree of secondary infection or corneal involvement then combined steroid-antibiotics are used though there are high chances of recurrence. Homoeopathic literature has medicines listed for PC. The case reported was a female aged 60 years suffering from PC in right eye since 5 days and had no relief from local conventional treatment. She had complaints of redness, foreign body sensation and whitish discharge from the eye. Phlycten was at 6 o'clock position below the limbus with much conjunctival congestion around it and in the lower fornix. Homoeopathic Hepar sulphuris 30C resolved nodule within a week but the patient had itching of eye at the inner canthus, especially in the morning. Homoeopathic Natrum muriaticum 30C helped to resolve conjunctival congestion in the fornix and itching of eye within a week. Both medicines were prescribed on the basis of local signs and symptoms. There was no recurrence in the last 5 months. This case report with ocular photographs during follow-up provides documentary evidence about effectiveness of homoeopathy in PC.
Correlation between Noncompliance Behavior and Biochemical Parameters of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: Fernandes Sarita Telma , Dsouza Sushma Marita 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background and Objectives Compliance with dietary, fluid, and medication instructions is a critically significant factor for the health and well-being of patients undergoing hemodialysis for an extended period. The current study assessed the correlation between noncompliance behavior and biochemical parameters of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis. The study's objectives were 1) to assess patients' noncompliance behavior using a questionnaire, 2) to determine the biochemical parameters of CKD patients having noncompliance behavior, and 3) to find the correlation between biological parameters and noncompliance behavior.
Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 12, 2018, to February 10, 2019. A purposive sampling technique was used to recruit the participants, and 100 participants were included in the study. The End-Stage Renal Disease–Adherence Questionnaire was used to assess the non-compliance behavior.
Results Most dialysis patients (70%) were compliant with the therapeutic regime, while 30% failed to comply. The study revealed a significant positive correlation between noncompliance behavior and biochemical parameters of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis (r = 0.578, p < 0.05).
Conclusion Noncompliance behavior is significantly correlated with the biochemical parameters among patients with CKD on dialysis. Optimal health is possible through fluid and dietary compliance in these patients. Hence, adherence behavior plays a significant role in the health and recovery of dialysis patients with CKD.
Resident Skills Assessment in Corneal Suturing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Proposed Educational Programs and Evaluation Tools
Authors: Dormegny Lea , Neumann Nicole , Lejay Anne , Sauer Arnaud , Gaucher David , Chakfe Nabil , Bourcier Tristan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to perform a comprehensive review of publications proposing educational programs for resident skills assessment in corneal suturing.
Methods An extensive online article search in PubMed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PISMA) reporting guidelines was performed to identify prospective comparative studies or prospective before/after studies published up to March 2021 and reporting the assessment of ophthalmology residents' skills in corneal suturing during dedicated training sessions.
Results Three studies were identified for review. The first reported the efficiency of an electromagnetic tracking system placed on the surgeon's fingers coupled with a computer analysis of movements and time to identify surgeons with different backgrounds in corneal suturing. The second reported the efficiency of the reference system in assessing the improvement of corneal suturing conducted by residents after a training session, with video-based assessment for economy and confidence of movement, limiting tissue damage and precision of operative technique, reviewed by blind assessors. The third proposed an innovative remote corneal suturing training method using Zoom for direct feedback to the residents. The stitch quality was assessed for length, depth, radiality, and tension. The results were similar when compared with a group of residents without feedback.
Conclusion This review underlines the rarity and disparity of available tools for corneal suturing assessment, justifying the need for more complete models to be designed. These should consider body ergonomics and stitch quality and time. Comparative studies involving novices and attendings may provide reliable evaluation of existing gaps and specific metrics to target, helping residents to approach their superiors' experience.
Recurrence of Scaphoid Stress Fracture: A Case Report
Authors: Johnson Nick A. , Kurien Tom , Horton Tracy C. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background Scaphoid stress fractures are rare and typically present in young, elite male athletes. Due to the infrequency in which these injuries are encountered, the optimum management is not established.
Case Description We present the case of a 20-year-old male gymnast with bilateral stress fractures of the scaphoid waist. Following conservative treatment, clinical and radiological signs of union were seen bilaterally. Eight months after return to normal activities, a unilateral recurrence of the stress fracture occurred. This was successfully treated with internal fixation and bone grafting.
Literature Review Scaphoid stress fractures are most frequently seen in gymnasts but also occur in participants of other sports involving repetitive loading of an extended wrist. This action conveys force predominantly through the waist of the scaphoid. Most case studies have reported high union rates, whether treated operatively or conservatively, and the patients returned to high-level sport with no further problems. Stress fracture recurrence has been reported in other bones such as the metatarsal and tibia but never before in the scaphoid. Our case is unusual in that the patient suffered ongoing problems due to a recurrence of the scaphoid stress fracture after returning to normal activities.
Clinical Relevance Clinicians should be aware that scaphoid stress fracture recurrence can occur, counsel patients accordingly, and remain vigilant after apparent union. We would recommend early fixation to allow a quicker return to function and prevention of recurrence.