bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are the inhibitory and faciliatory effects during retrieval of semantically related items present in amnestic mild cognitive impairment?
Authors: Serra Laura , Gabrielli Giulia Bechi , Di Domenico Carlotta , Del Bono Chiara , Marra Camillo , Lopiano Leonardo , Caltagirone Carlo , Bozzali Marco 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPrefrontal functions subserve inhibition control for retrieval of semantically related items inducing forgetting 19 a‐MCI patients and 29 controls underwent neuropsychological evaluation and retrieval‐practice paradigm (RPP) to estimate baseline remember (BR), retrieval‐induced facilitation (FAC) and retrieval‐induced forgetting (RIF). A‐MCI patients underwent also 3 T‐MRI to assess relationship between regional grey matter (rGM) volumes and RPP indexes Behaviourally, RIF and FAC were both observed controls, while RIF only was observed in a‐MCI patients. In patients but not in controls, RIF was associated with cognitive efficiency and FAC with memory performance. Patients showed also associations between BR and rGM volumes in the precuneus, no association was found between rGM volumes and RIF and FAC. A‐MCI patients did not benefit from repeated practice during retrieval of studied items, which is likely due to their memory disorder. In contrast, patient cognitive efficiency would drive retrieval suppression of interfering stimuli.
“Generally, I live a lie”: Transgender consumer experiences and responses to symbolic violence
Authors: Duncan‐Shepherd Sophie , Hamilton Kathy 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this article, our focus is on how trans consumers experience symbolic violence to draw attention to inequalities that may otherwise remain hidden. Unlike overt acts of physical violence, symbolic violence is subtle and occurs routinely throughout the course of everyday life. We address the following research questions: how do trans consumers experience symbolic violence, what are their responses to this, and what impact does this have on their wellbeing? Our findings demonstrate that symbolic violence functions at sociocultural, interpersonal, and individual levels for trans consumers. We illustrate the tensions trans people encounter between conforming to cisgender hegemony and living an ‘authentic’ life. The subtle, naturalizing power and misrecognition of symbolic violence appears challenging for the wellbeing of transgender consumers. The lens of symbolic violence usefully informs and integrates with the consumer vulnerability perspective that has previously been used as a theoretical framework to understand transgender consumers' experiences.
Early and mid‐term outcomes of carotid angioplasty and stent placement in 579 patients
Authors: Borhani‐Haghighi Afshin , Hooshmandi Etrat , Zahediasl Farzaneh , Molavi Vardanjani Hossein , Rezaei Mahdiyeh , Rahimi‐Jaberi Abbas , Ashjazadeh Nahid , Petramfar Peyman , Ostovan Vahid Reza , Fadakar Nima , Poursadeghfard Maryam , Izadi Sadegh , Nazeri Masoumeh , Zafarmand Seyedeh Shaghayegh , Bayat Mahnaz , Salehi Mohammad Saied , Owjfard Maryam , Sedighi Behnaz , Iranmanesh Farhad , Shafiei Kaveh , Vakilian Alireza , Moghadam Ahmadi Amir , Nemati Reza , Rezaeian Jahromi Fatemeh , Jalalijahromi Maryam , Kashani Kaveh , Razmeh Saeed , Bahrehbar Mansour , Basir Marzieh , Qureshi Adnan I. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposeCarotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS) could be considered for preventing stroke in patients with carotid artery stenosis. This study aimed to determine the incidence and the risk factors of the early and mid‐term complications associated with CAS.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study conducted at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences from March 2011 to March 2019. Patients at high risk and standard risk for carotid endarterectomy were included. The primary composite outcome was defined as stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and death in the first 30 days after CAS. All‐cause mortality, vascular mortality, and stroke were investigated during mid‐term follow‐up.ResultsA total of 579 patients (618 CAS) were recruited (mean age: 71.52 years). Overall, 394 (68.40%), 211 (36.63%), 179 (31.07%), and 96 (16.72%) patients had hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, or were cigarette smokers, respectively. Primary composite outcomes were observed in 2.59% of patients (1.55% stroke, 0.69% MI, and 1.72% death). Atrial fibrillation was a predictor of primary composite outcome in multivariate logistic regression (p = .048). The presence of total occlusion in the contralateral carotid artery was significantly associated with the risk of stroke in univariate logistic regression (p = .041). The patients were followed for a period ranging from 1 to 83 months. The overall survival rate for all‐cause mortality was 93.48% at 1 year, 77.24% at 5 years, and 52.92% at 8 years. All‐cause mortality was significantly higher among patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (p = .014).ConclusionCAS provides acceptable short‐term and mid‐term outcomes in a unique population of high‐ and standard‐surgical‐risk, symptomatic and asymptomatic, octogenarian, and nonoctogenarian patients.
Rethinking Nigerian geographical indications law
Authors: Oke Emmanuel Kolawole 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis note makes the case that Nigeria needs to reconsider its legal framework for the protection of geographical indications. It is divided into three main parts. The first part focuses on the rules governing the protection of geographical indications at the international level. The second part examines the current legal framework for the protection of geographical indications in Nigeria. The second part of the note further highlights the gaps between the Nigerian legal framework and the international rules for the protection of geographical indications. The third part of the note explains how the gaps identified in the second part of the note can be closed. This note recommends that Nigeria should enact a sui generis law for the protection of geographical indications. This would enable geographical indications from Nigeria to be effectively protected both inside and outside the country.
Decreased initial compound muscle action potential amplitudes in myasthenia gravis
Authors: Kojima Yuta , Shibuya Kazumoto , Uzawa Akiyuki , Kano Hiroki , Nakamura Keigo , Yasuda Manato , Suzuki Yo‐ichi , Tsuneyama Atsuko , Suichi Tomoki , Ozawa Yukiko , Misawa Sonoko , Noto Yu‐ichi , Mizuno Toshiki , Kuwabara Satoshi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the hypothesis that amplitudes of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) elicited by single stimulation decrease by baseline neuromuscular blocking in myasthenia gravis (MG), and to examine correlation of CMAP amplitudes with baseline muscle weakness.MethodsOne hundred ninety‐four consecutive patients who underwent repetitive 3 Hz nerve stimulation tests (RNST) at our laboratory were included in the study. Of these, 109 patients were diagnosed as suffering from MG, and the remaining 85 with other disease served as the non‐MG controls. RNST was performed on the nasalis, trapezius, and abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscles. CMAP amplitudes elicited by the first stimulation were compared between the two groups. In MG patients, we studied the correlation of CMAP amplitudes with MG Foundation of America (MGFA) class, total scores of manual muscle testing (MMT), and 4th decrement (%) of RNST.ResultsCompound muscle action potential amplitudes in MG were significantly lower than in controls (p < 0.05 in all muscles tested). Decreases in CMAP amplitudes were more prominent in generalized than in ocular MG (p < 0.05), and in patients with MGFA III–V classes than in those with 0–II (p < 0.01 in the trapezius and ADM). CMAP amplitudes partially correlated with total MMT scores and MG‐ADL scale scores. Additionally, CMAP amplitudes elicited by the first stimulation correlated with the 4th decrement of RNST (p < 0.01 in all muscles tested).ConclusionCompound muscle action potential amplitudes are reduced in MG, presumably by baseline neuromuscular transmission block, and could reflect persistent muscle weakness, rather than fatigue, in MG patients.
The Effect of Elbow and Forearm Position on the Resisted Wrist Extension Test and Incidence of Sensory Disturbance of the Superficial Radial Nerve in Patients with Lateral Epicondylitis
Authors: SATAKE Hiroshi , NAGANUMA Yasushi , HONMA Ryusuke , SHIBUYA Junichiro , MARUYAMA Masahiro , TAKAGI Michiaki 
Published: August 2022

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of elbow and forearm position on the resisted wrist extension test (RWET) in patients with lateral epicondylitis. We also looked at the incidence of associated sensory disturbance of the superficial radial nerve (SRN) and the effect of treatment of lateral epicondylitis on sensory disturbance. Methods: Sixty-three consecutive patients (68 limbs) with lateral epicondylitis and an equal number of age and gender matched volunteers were investigated. Patients with lateral epicondylitis were subdivided into two groups based on history of corticosteroid injection. We performed the RWET in four limb positions namely elbow extended and forearm pronated (EP), elbow flexed and forearm pronated (FP), elbow extended and forearm supinated (ES), elbow flexed and forearm supinated (FS). Sensory disturbance in the SRN was assessed using a Wartenberg pin wheel. Results: The positivity rate of the RWET was significantly higher in the EP position (100%) compared to the FP (66%), ES (62%) and the FS (24%) positions in limbs with lateral epicondylitis. The RWET was positive only in one subject in the EP position in the control group (1.5%). Sensory disturbance in the SRN territory was present in 63.2% of limbs and only two subjects (2.9%) in the control group. The incidence of sensory disturbance was significantly higher (74.5% vs. 48.3%, p < 0.05) in patients who did not have a corticosteroid injection. Conclusions: The sensitivity and specificity of the RWET is better when it is performed with the elbow in extension with the forearm pronated (EP); 63.2% of limbs with lateral epicondylitis were noted to have an associated sensory disturbance of the SRN and a corticosteroid injection seems to decrease the incidence of sensory disturbances. Level of Evidence: Level II (Diagnostic)
Compression of Intercalary Bone Graft Used in Fusion of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint after Failed Arthroplasty
Authors: SANT Kurstein N. , McNAB Ian 
Published: August 2022

Fusion of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) after failed arthroplasty may be challenging in view of bone loss at the ends of the proximal phalanx and the middle phalanx. This might require the use of a structural bone graft to fill the defect and avoid shortening of the digit. Although several methods have been described for primary PIPJ fusion, none of these methods addresses bone loss at this joint. We use a tricortical iliac crest bone graft fashioned to provide the required angulation at the fusion site. A dorsal plate is used to fix the fusion mass and obliquely placed screws provide sequential compression at both ends of the bone graft. We have performed this technique safely in three patients with no complications. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Staged Reconstruction of Chronic Constriction of Thumb Caused by a Stuck Ring – A Case Report
Authors: LAD Parag B. , TANPURE Sanket , GHANGHURDE Bipin , HABBU Rohan 
Published: August 2022

We report the management of a 45-year-old man with a ring stuck in his dominant thumb for 3 weeks causing vascular and neural compromise and deep-seated infection. Previous reports have described rings embedded in the digits, though we were not able to find any reports of such rings causing ischaemia. We performed staged reconstruction to salvage the thumb. The thumb viability was confirmed after ring removal and the infection was treated as per culture sensitivity report. Both digital nerves were reconstructed with sural nerve graft and the circumferential soft tissue defect was covered with bilobed first dorsal metacarpal artery flap from index and middle finger. At the 6-month follow-up, the patient had useful function of the thumb with well-settled donor site on index and middle finger. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Lithium and Stroke Recovery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Stroke Models in Rodents and Human Data
Authors: Almeida Osvaldo P. , Singulani Monique P. , Ford Andrew H. , Hackett Maree L. , Etherton-Beer Christopher , Flicker Leon , Hankey Graeme J. , De Paula Vanessa J.R. , Penteado Camila T. , Forlenza Orestes V. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Lithium has neuroprotective effects in animal models of stroke, but benefits in humans remain uncertain. This article aims to systematically review the available evidence of the neuroprotective and regenerative effects of lithium in animal models of stroke, as well as in observational and trial stroke studies in humans.

Methods:
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO for preclinical and clinical studies published between January 2000 and September 2021. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted from observational studies.

Results:
From 1625 retrieved studies, 42 were included in the systematic review. Of those, we identified 36 rodent models of stroke using preinsult or postinsult treatment with lithium, and 6 studies were conducted in human samples, of which 4 could be meta-analyzed. The review of animal models was stratified according to the type of stroke and outcomes. Human data were subdivided into observational and intervention studies. Treatment of rodents with lithium was associated with smaller stroke volumes, decreased apoptosis, and improved poststroke function. In humans, exposure to lithium was associated with a lower risk of stroke among adults with bipolar disorder in 2 of 4 studies. Two small trials showed equivocal clinical benefits of lithium poststroke.

Conclusions:
Animal models of stroke show consistent biological and functional evidence of benefits associated with lithium treatment, whereas human evidence remains sparse and inconclusive. The potential role of lithium in poststroke recovery is yet to be adequately tested in humans.
Identification of two new QTLs of maize (Zea mays L.) underlying kernel row number using the HNAU-NAM1 population
Authors: Fei Xiaohong , Wang Yifei , Zheng Yunxiao , Shen Xiaomeng , E Lizhu , Ding Junqiang , Lai Jinsheng , Song Weibin , Zhao Haiming 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMaize kernel row number (KRN) is one of the most important yield traits and has changed greatly during maize domestication and selection. Elucidating the genetic basis of KRN will be helpful to improve grain yield in maize.ResultsHere, we measured KRN in four environments using a nested association mapping (NAM) population named HNAU-NAM1 with 1,617 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) that were derived from 12 maize inbred lines with a common parent, GEMS41. Then, five consensus quantitative trait loci (QTLs) distributing on four chromosomes were identified in at least three environments along with the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) values by the joint linkage mapping (JLM) method. These QTLs were further validated by the separate linkage mapping (SLM) and genome-wide association study (GWAS) methods. Three KRN genes cloned through the QTL assay were found in three of the five consensus QTLs, includingqKRN1.1,qKRN2.1andqKRN4.1. Two new QTLs of KRN,qKRN4.2andqKRN9.1,were also identified. On the basis of public RNA-seq and genome annotation data, five genes highly expressed in ear tissue were considered candidate genes contributing to KRN.ConclusionsThis study carried out a comprehensive analysis of the genetic architecture of KRN by using a new NAM population under multiple environments. The present results provide solid information for understanding the genetic components underlying KRN and candidate genes inqKRN4.2andqKRN9.1. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) closely linked toqKRN4.2andqKRN9.1could be used to improve inbred yield during molecular breeding in maize.
Clinical characteristics and proteome modifications in two Charcot-Marie-Tooth families with the AARS1 Arg326Trp mutation
Authors: Høyer Helle , Busk Øyvind L. , Esbensen Q. Ying. , Røsby Oddveig , Hilmarsen Hilde T. , Russell Michael B. , Nyman Tuula A. , Braathen Geir J. , Nilsen Hilde L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Aminoacyl tRNA-synthetases are ubiquitously-expressed enzymes that attach amino acids to their cognate tRNA molecules. Mutations in several genes encoding aminoacyl tRNA-synthetases, have been associated with peripheral neuropathy, i.e. AARS1, GARS1, HARS1, YARS1 and WARS1. The pathogenic mechanism underlying AARS1-related neuropathy is not known.

Methods
From 2012 onward, all probands presenting at Telemark Hospital (Skien, Norway) with peripheral neuropathy were screened for variants in AARS1 using an “in-house” next-generation sequencing panel. DNA from patient’s family members was examined by Sanger sequencing. Blood from affected family members and healthy controls were used for quantification of AARS1 mRNA and alanine. Proteomic analyses were conducted in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from four affected family members and five healthy controls.

Results
Seventeen individuals in two Norwegian families affected by Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) were characterized in this study. The heterozygous NM_001605.2:c.976C > T p.(Arg326Trp) AARS1 mutation was identified in ten affected family members. All living carriers had a mild to severe length-dependent sensorimotor neuropathy. Three deceased obligate carriers aged 74–98 were reported to be unaffected, but were not examined in the clinic. Proteomic studies in PBMC from four affected individuals suggest an effect on the immune system mediated by components of a systemic response to chronic injury and inflammation. Furthermore, altered expression of proteins linked to mitochondrial function/dysfunction was observed. Proteomic data are available via ProteomeXchange using identifier PXD023842.

Conclusion
This study describes clinical and neurophysiological features linked to the p.(Arg326Trp) variant of AARS1 in CMT-affected members of two Norwegian families. Proteomic analyses based on of PBMC from four CMT-affected individuals suggest that involvement of inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction might contribute to AARS1 variant-associated peripheral neuropathy.
Six-year prognosis of anxiety and depression caseness and their comorbidity in a prospective population-based adult sample
Authors: Stålner Olivia , Nordin Steven , Madison Guy 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Anxiety and depression are amongst the most prevalent mental health problems. Their pattern of comorbidity may inform about their etiology and effective treatment, but such research is sparse. Here, we document long-term prognosis of affective caseness (high probability of being a clinical case) of anxiety and depression, their comorbidity, and a no-caseness condition at three time-points across six years, and identify the most common prognoses of these four conditions.

Methods
Longitudinal population-based data were collected from 1,837 participants in 2010, 2013 and 2016. Based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale they formed the four groups of anxiety, depression and comorbidity caseness, and no caseness at baseline.

Results
The three-year associations show that it was most common to recover when being an anxiety, depression or comorbidity caseness (36.8 − 59.4%), and when not being a caseness to remain so (89.2%). It was also rather common to remain in the same caseness condition after three years (18.7 − 39.1%). In comorbidity it was more likely to recover from depression (21.1%) than from anxiety (5.4%), and being no caseness it was more likely to develop anxiety (5.9%) than depression (1.7%). The most common six-year prognoses were recovering from the affective caseness conditions at 3-year follow-up (YFU), and remain recovered at 6-YFU, and as no caseness to remain so across the six years. The second most common prognoses in the affective conditions were to remain as caseness at both 3-YFU and 6-YFU, and in no caseness to remain so at 3-YFU, but develop anxiety at 6-YFU.

Conclusions
The results suggest that only 37 − 60% of individuals in the general population with high probability of being a clinical case with anxiety, depression, and their comorbidity will recover within a three-year period, and that it is rather common to remain with these affective conditions after 6 years. These poor prognoses, for comorbidity in particular, highlight the need for intensified alertness of their prevalence and enabling treatment in the general population.
Nutritional status in female patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease and its association with disease severity
Authors: Takayama Yumi , Kitajima Takamasa , Honda Noritsugu , Sakane Naoki , Yumen Yukina , Fukui Motonari , Nagai Narumi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
In women, slender body habitus has been reported to be one of the predisposing factors underlying the development and poor prognosis of non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD). Given the lack of nutritional data contributing to treatment strategies, we aimed to clarify the nutritional status of female patients with NTM-LD and its association with disease severity.

Methods
In this single-center observational study, we enrolled 81 female outpatients with NTM-LD. Data on healthy women of similar ages were selected from our previous survey data and categorized as controls. First, we compared anthropometric and dietary survey data between patients and controls. Second, after the patients were categorized into relatively mild (mild, n = 40) and relatively severe groups (severe, n = 41) based on pulmonary X-ray-image finding scores, body composition, nutritional intake, and biochemical markers were compared between the groups. To identify nutritional factors associated with disease severity, logistic regression analyses were performed.

Results
Compared with controls, patients with NTM-LD had significantly lower energy intake, body mass index, body fat, and skeletal muscle mass (all p < 0.001). Compared with the mild group, the severe group had significantly lower skeletal muscle mass (p = 0.037), albumin (p = 0.029), transthyretin (prealbumin) (p = 0.002), retinol-binding protein (p = 0.011), and hemoglobin (p = 0.001); however, no between-group differences were observed in energy or nutrient intake. Logistic analyses revealed that transthyretin (p = 0.025) and hemoglobin (p = 0.003) levels were independent factors associated with disease severity.

Conclusions
This is the first study to comprehensively report the association between NTM-LD severity and nutritional status, including body composition, nutrient intake, and biomarkers. The results suggest that initiating nutritional therapy from the mild stage of the disease to prevent undernutrition is warranted.