bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The value of hepatic venous pressure gradient in patients with pyrrolidine alkaloid-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome
Authors: Cai Zihao , Li Ruiqi , Zhang Han , Zhao Si , Tu Jingjing , Zhang Ming , Zhang Feng , Zhang Wei , Yin Qin , Xu Hui , Han Hao , Chen Jun , Zhuge Yuzheng , Xiao Jiangqiang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background Pyrrolidine alkaloid‑induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (PA-HSOS) is a drug-induced liver injury characterized by sudden and rapidly progressive portal hypertension. Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of sinus hypertension, at least in viral and alcoholic liver disease, while its role in evaluating disease severity and treatment choice and predicting prognosis in patients with PA-HSOS needs further verification. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical value of HVPG in patients with PA-HSOS.
Methods Patients who were diagnosed with PA-HSOS according to the “Nanjing criteria” and received HVPG measurements in our hospital between January 2016 and April 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. Next, the predictive efficacy of HVPG in initial anticoagulant therapy, the prognostic survival of patients in different HVPG groups, the relationship between HVPG and the Drum Tower Severity Scoring (DTSS), the correlation between HVPG and pathological data were all evaluated.
Results A total of 76 PA-HSOS patients were included in the study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified HVPG as independently associated with nonresponse to initial anticoagulation (95% CI: 1.006-1.413, P=0.043). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) identified a cutoff value of 20.165 mmHg (sensitivity: 0.744, specificity: 0.697) for predicting nonresponse to initial anticoagulation, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.741 (95% CI: 0.626-0.857, P<0.001). When HVPG>20.165 mmHg was combined with serum total bilirubin (STB), heart rate (HR) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) for modeling, the AUC was 0.881 (P<0.001). Seventy-six patients were divided into two groups according to whether HVPG was greater than 20.165 mmHg, and the patients in the high HVPG group (HVPG＞20.165 mmHg) had a significantly worse prognostic survival than the patients in the low HVPG group (HVPG＜20.165 mmHg) (P=0.022, χ2=5.285). Additionally, there was a linear correlation between HVPG and the area of sinusoidal bleeding in 76 patients (P=0.008, R=0.343). Furthermore, after excluding the patients with an onset time of more than 1 month, HVPG improved the efficacy in predicting nonresponse to anticoagulant therapy (AUC=0.789, 95% CI: 0.654-0.924, P=0.001), and the linear relationship between HVPG and bleeding area in the sinusoids was enhanced (P=0.001, R=0.499). In addition, a linear relationship between HVPG and DTSS emerged (P<0.001, R=0.522).
Conclusions HVPG can assist in predicting the outcome of anticoagulant therapy and prognosis in patients with PA-HSOS, and this prediction is more accurate for patients within one month of disease onset.
Validation of CORONA VIRUS Emergency Triage Tool (CorVETT) among adults in the emergency department of a low resource setting
Authors: Waheed Shahan , Kapadia Nazir Najeeb , Rahim Ahmed , Afzal Badar , Mian Asad Iqbal 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background:
In this study we aim to validate corona virus emergency triage tool (CorVETT) for accurate triaging and disposition in adults presenting to the emergency department with suspected corona virus symptoms.
Observational prospective cohort study conducted in the emergency department. Methodological framework of Transparent Reporting of multivariable prediction model for individual Prognosis and Diagnosis (TRIPOD) type I was adopted. Algorithm tested consists of four sequential stages; presenting features, vitals, associated features and high-risk conditions. Cumulative score of four stages categorizes patient as COVID or non-COVID and was assigned non isolation or isolation beds. Prediction model for presence of relevance (event) was obtained by dividing data into two parts; training (n = 450) and validation (n = 115). Probability of event was estimated using linear logistic regression with training data. Predictive capacity of model was assessed using a receiver operative curve (ROC) curve through set of validation data. The discriminative capacity was evaluated using area under curve (AUC), estimated by a 95% confidence interval. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The statistical analysis was performed on "R" (version 3.4.1, 2017) and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS, version 21.0, 2016).
Results:
595 patients were enrolled, 349 (59%) were male and 246 (41%) female. Mean age of study sample was 55.35 ± 17.08. Majority of patients were admitted in the emergency department isolation facility 412 (69%). The patients who were discharged from Emergency department (ED) with quarantine instructions were 183 (31%). 381(64%) of our patients were COVID 19 PCR positive and 214(36%) were negative. Out of 381 positive patients 238(62%) were males and 143(37%) females. The mean prediction score for CorVETT was 4.57 ± 3.12 with 5.91 ± 2.38 in COVID positive patients and 2.2 ± 2.86 in COVID negative patients with a p-value of <0.001. AUC of the tool was 0.819 (0.786 to 0.849) with p-value <0.001. Sensitivity was 86.61 (82.8 to 89.9) and specificity 71.96 (65.4 to 77.9) with a LR of 3.09 (2.5 to 3.8).
Conclusion:
Corona virus emergency triage tool was accurate as a screening triage tool and subsequent disposition in the emergency department.
Rapidly progressed Natural Killer/ T cell Lymphoma with hyperleukocytosis and NOTCH4 mutation but without Epstein-Barr virus infection:A case report
Authors: Li Chencheng Li , Xu Zuqiong Xu , Liu Xixi Liu , Tian Fang Tian , Jiang Pengjun Jiang , Chen Biqing Chen , Dai Xingbin Dai , Zhu Xuejun Zhu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma(NKTCL) is a highly aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that is prevalent in Asia and South America. However, given the high malignancy grade, rapid clinical progress and poor long‐term prognosis of NKTCL, exploring the potential mechanism of NKTCL is of great significance for the development of drugs for NKTCL.
Case presentation: We presented a case of a woman who was admitted to hospital with multiple enlarged lymph nodes and high white blood cells ,and flow cytometry examination revealed CD56 bright, CD16 dim, surface CD3-, cytoplasmic CD3+, CD2+, CD7-, HLA-DR+, CD57-, TCRβ and TCRγ genes rearrangement. No further pathological diagnosis was made because the patient's condition did not meet the need for biopsy, deteriorated rapidly and died within three days after admission; NKTCL was diagnosed based on clinical manifestations. Whole exome sequencing revealed that the NOTCH4, KMT2D, and S100A16 mutations were closely related to the occurrence and progression of NKTCL. In addition, this patient was EBV-negative.
Conclusions: We mainly diagnosed NKTCL by exclusion, and the pathogenesis is complex or not limited to EBV. The discovery of new mutant genes will provide potential impact on clinical diagnosis and research guidance for its pathogenesis, prognosis, drug resistance and targeted therapy.
Utilization of carob bean pulp and seeds in preparing some functional bakery products
Authors: Hafez Hoda , Mahgoub Saad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to (i) utilize roasted carob powder (130° C/ 30 min) from carob bean pulp as a natural sweetener in replacement with cane sugar at 0, 25, 50, and 75% in cacao cupcakes formula; (ii) utilize carob bean gum from carob bean seeds as a by-product of pods in gluten-free bread at 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%, (iii) assess the chemical, viscosity and antioxidant properties of the raw materials, (iv) evaluate the sensory, physicochemical and texture properties of the produced cupcakes and gluten-free bread. Roasted carob powder hadP ≤ 0.05 values of fiber (7.11%), ash (2.73%), Fe (38.7%), Ca (228.5%), Zn (3.1%), Total phenol (205.53 mg/100g) and antioxidant activity (91.78%). The aqueous dispersion (1%) of carob bean gum showed pseudoplastic behavior with apparent viscosity (η) from 2110-438.33 cP. Both cupcakes and gluten-free bread had water activity (aw) < 0.94. Roasted carob powder could be used as a natural sweetener in replacement with cane sugar up to 50% in cacao cupcakes formula, with nop ≥ 0.05 increase in appearance, crust color, crumb texture, odor, and acid value compared with the control sample, which can suit low glycemic diet. Carob bean gum could be used as a binder up to 1.0% in gluten-free bread withP ≤ 0.05 soft texture, shape symmetry, bright color, and higher overall acceptability, which can meet celiac patient needs.
Epidemiological and clinicopathological features of lung cancer in Algeria
Authors: Lahmadi Mohamed , Beddar Leila , Ketit Souad , Filali Taha , Djemaa Aicha , Satta Dalila 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and the leading cause of cancer-related death in Algeria. We investigated the clinicopathological characteristics of a group of patients with lung cancer in Eastern Algeria, that might reflect a national landscape.
Methods: This retrospective study was performed on 173 histologically proven cases of lung cancer at Benbadis university hospital of Constantine from January 2015 to February 2021. Clinical and pathological variables were investigated based on the available data found in the patient's medical records.
Results: Lung cancer showed a male predominance with a sex ratio of 6.5. Majority of our patients (86%) aged greater than 50 years with a median age of 61 years. Histologically, adenocarcinoma was found in over 56.6% of the cases, followed by squamous cell carcinoma with 22.5%, whereas 12.8% were non-NSCLC subtypes. Tobacco smoking was estimated at 79.1% in men. Non-smokers represented over 32.5% of patients, of which 45.1% were female. Most of our patients (79%) have an advanced stage at diagnosis, including 57.3% with metastatic disease. Around 60% of patients underwent chemotherapy, of which 81% was first-line treatment, with a median diagnostic delay of almost 4 months.
Conclusion: Lung cancer presents at an early age and advanced stage in Algerian patients. Smoking remains the most important risk factor in men and adenocarcinoma is the predominant histological subtype. Thus, primary prevention, based on tobacco control and screening programs, and access to novel therapies may be the best strategies to reduce lung cancer morbidity and mortality.
From Zero-Shot Machine Learning to Zero-Day Attack Detection
Authors: Sarhan Mohanad , Layeghy Siamak , Gallagher Marcus , Portmann Marius 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Machine learning (ML) models have proven to be efficient in classifying data samples into their respective categories. The standard ML evaluation methodology assumes that test data samples are derived from pre-observed classes used in the training phase. However, in applications such as Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs), obtaining data samples of all attack classes to be observed is challenging. ML-based NIDSs face new attack traffic known as zero-day attacks that are not used in training due to their non-existence at the time. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel zero-shot learning methodology to evaluate the performance of ML-based NIDSs in detecting zero-day attack scenarios. In the attribute learning stage, the learning models map network data features to semantic attributes that distinguish between known attacks and benign behaviour. In the inference stage, the models construct the relationships between known and zero-day attacks to detect them as malicious. A new evaluation metric is defined as Zero-day Detection Rate (Z-DR) to measure the effectiveness of the learning model in detecting unknown attacks. The proposed framework is evaluated using two key ML models and two modern NIDS data sets. The results demonstrate that for certain zero-day attack groups discovered in this paper, ML-based NIDSs are ineffective in detecting them as malicious. Further analysis shows that attacks with a low Z-DR have a significantly distinct feature distribution and a higher Wasserstein Distance range than the other attack classes.
Reduction of glutamatergic activity through cholinergic dysfunction in the hippocampus of hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide precursor protein knockout mice
Authors: Suzuki Kengo , Ohi Yoshiaki , Sato Toyohiro , Tsuda Yo , Moadokoro Yuta , Mizuno Masayuki , Adachi Ken-ichi , Uchida Yuto , Haji Akira , Ojika Kosei , Matsukawa Noriyuki 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cholinergic activation can enhance glutamatergic activity in the hippocampus under pathologic conditions, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Lewy body disease. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between glutamatergic neural suppression and cholinergic neural dysfunction. We reported the importance of hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide (HCNP) in inducing acetylcholine synthesis in the MSN. Here, we demonstrated that HCNP-precursor protein (pp) knockout (KO) mice electrophysiologically presented with glutamatergic dysfunction in the hippocampus with age. The impairment of cholinergic dysfunction and the vesicular acetylcholine transporter decrease in the pre-synapse with reactive upregulation of the muscarinic M1 receptor may be partly involved in glutamatergic dysfunction in the hippocampus of HCNP-pp KO mice. These results in combination with our previous reports support the reduction of hippocampal theta power as region-specific in the stratum oriens of CA1 and a decrease in choline acetyltransferase and a direct reduction in acetylcholine in the hippocampus. This may support that HCNP-pp KO mice are an adequate genetic model for cholinergic functional impairment in septo-hippocampal interactions. Thus, according to cholinergic hypothesis this model mice might have a potential as a partial pathological animal model for Alzheimer’s disease.
CCECGP:Causal Consistency Model of Edge-Cloud Collaborative Based on Grouping Protocol
Authors: Tian Junfeng , Jia Haoyi , Bai Wenqing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
At present, most causal consistency models based on cloud storage can no longer meet the needs of delay-sensitive applications. Moreover, the overhead of data synchronization between replicas is too high. This paper proposes a causal consistency model of edge-cloud collaborative based on grouping protocol. The model based on the edge-cloud collaboration architecture, partitions cloud data centers and groups edge nodes by distributed hash tables, and stores a subset of the complete data set in nodes located at the edge of the network. Thereby realize partial geo-replication in edge-cloud collaboration environment. At the same time, we design a group synchronization algorithm called Imp_Paxos, so that the update only needs to be synchronized to the main group, which reduces the visibility delay of the update and decreases the data synchronization overhead. Besides, a sort timestamp is proposed in this paper, which generates different timestamps according to the type of update to track causality, keeping the amount of metadata managed in a relatively stable and low state.Threrfore, the proposed model reduces the overhead of metadata for system management, and improves throughput quantity of system. Experiments show that, our model performs well in terms of throughput, operation latency, and update visibility latency compared with existing causal consistency models.
Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulation of Chitosan-Citral Microcapsules
Authors: Wu Wensheng , Li Zhiwei , Feng Dachun , Tang Qing , Liu Shuijiao , Lin Wenjing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) method is used to simulate the self-assembly process, appearance, mesoscopic structure and wrapping properties of microcapsules formed with citral as the core material and chitosan and sodium alginate as single wall materials, and with citral as the core material and chitosan-sodium alginate, chitosan-methylcellulose, sodium alginate-chitosan and sodium alginate-methylcellulose as double wall materials. The effects of chitosan content and wall material composition on the structure, morphology, encapsulation performance and stability of microcapsules are compared and analyzed. In addition, the microcapsules are deeply analyzed by using the mesoscopic structure, radial distribution function and diffusion coefficient. This study provides a new idea and method for the preparation of citral microcapsules and is of great significance for the design and development of new composite wall microcapsules.
Development and validation of asthma risk prediction models using co- expression gene modules and machine learning methods
Authors: Dessie Eskezeia Y. , Gautam Yadu , Ding Lili , Altaye Mekibib , Beyene Joseph , Mersha Tesfaye B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways with a strong genetic component. Because multiple genes may affect asthma, identifying differentially co-expressed genes followed by functional annotation can inform our understanding of the molecular mechanisms in asthma pathogenesis. In this study, we used airway epithelial cells (AECs) and nasal epithelial cells (NECs) datasets and implemented weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and machine learning (ML) techniques to develop asthma classification and predictive models. The models were validated using external bronchial epithelial cells (BECs), airway smooth muscle (ASM) and whole blood (WB) datasets. WGCNA and ML-based procedure identified 23 and 34 gene signatures that can discriminate asthmatic from control subjects in AECs (Area under the curve: AUC =0.90) and NECs (AUC = 0.99), respectively. We further validated AECs derived DEGs in BECs (AUC= 0.96), ASM (AUC= 0.72) and WB (AUC= 0.67). Similarly, NECs derived DEGs in BECs (AUC= 0.88), ASM (AUC= 0.87) and WB (AUC= 0.68). Both AECs and NECs based gene-signatures showed a strong diagnostic performance with high sensitivity and specificity. Functional annotation of NEC-derived hub genes showed several enriched pathways related to Th1 and Th2 activation pathway, while AECs-derived hub genes were significantly enriched in pulmonary fibrosis and idiopathic signaling. Several asthma related genes were prioritized including Cathepsin C (CTSC) which showed functional relevance in multiple cells relevant to asthma pathogenesis. Taken together, epithelium gene signature-based model could serve as robust surrogate model for hard-to-get tissues including BECs to improve asthma classification.
Clinical study of two-stage total knee arthroplasty in the treatment of advanced complex and severely active tuberculosis of the knee
Authors: Li jin-ping , Yu min , shen feng , li liang-jun , xu yi , xiong jie-peng , zhu wei , gu yun , chou ke 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective： To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of one-stage debridement and two-stage total knee arthroplasty in the treatment of advanced complicated and severely active tuberculosis of the knee joint.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 12 patients who underwent two stages of artificial knee replacement for advanced severely active tuberculosis of the knee in the department of Osteoarthrosis of our hospital from January 2015 to December 2019. The average age was 50.5 years (21-71 years). All patients received lesion removal and perioperative anti-tuberculosis drug therapy. In the first phase, debridement was performed after at least 2 weeks of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy to remove abscesses and infected necrotic tissue as thoroughly as possible, and SPACER was implanted in 7 cases, followed by at least 3 months of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy (mean 5.4 months). In the second stage, if CRP and ESR were reduced to less than 2 times of the normal value and the wound healed well, artificial knee replacement was performed. Anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy was continued for 8-9 months after the operation, and the total anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy lasted 12-20 months. HSS knee score and range of motion, as well as prosthesis stability, ESR and CRP, and X-ray were evaluated.
Results: All patients received 18-76 months of follow-up and 12-20 months of regular anti-tuberculosis treatment. No pulmonary tuberculosis recurrence or co-infection was found in all patients, and ESR and CRP were reduced to within 2 times of normal after several months. At the last follow-up, no recurrence of tuberculosis was found in all patients, and no loosening of prosthesis was found in X-ray examination. HSS score of knee increased from (41.42±10.47) points before surgery to (82.58±9.14) points, and ROM of knee increased from (40.42°±15.73°) to (100.83°±9.73°). There were statistically significant differences before and after operation (P<0.001).
Conclusions: For advanced complicated and severely active tuberculosis of the knee, one-stage debridement and two-stage total knee arthroplasty can effectively control infection, relieve pain and reconstruct the function of the knee joint
Vertical hydrologic exchange flows control methane emissions from riverbed sediments
Authors: Chen Kewei , Chen Xingyuan , Stegen James , Villa Jorge , Bohrer Gil , Song Xuehang , Chang Kuang-Yu , Kaufman Matthew , Liang Xiuyu , Guo Zhilin , Roden Eric , Zheng Chunmiao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCH4emissions from inland waters are highly uncertain in the current global CH4budget, especially for the lotic systems like rivers. Previous studies have attributed the strong spatiotemporal heterogeneity of riverine CH4to different environmental factors through correlation analysis. However, a mechanistic understanding for such heterogeneity is lacking. Here we combine sediment CH4data with a biogeochemical-transport model to show that vertical hydrologic exchange flows (VHEFs), driven by the difference between river stage and groundwater level, determine CH4flux at the sediment-water interface. CH4fluxes show a nonlinear relationship with the magnitude of VHEFs. In addition, VHEFs lead to the hysteresis of temperature rise and CH4emissions because high river discharge leads to strong downwelling flow that offsets increasing CH4production with temperature rise. Our findings reveal how the interplay between hydrologic flux and microbial metabolic pathways that compete with methanogenic pathways can produce complex patterns in CH4production and emission in riverbed sediments.
Scenic Routing Navigation Using Property Valuation
Authors: Rishe Naphtali , Amini Hadi , Adjouadi Malek 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Extensive prior work has provided methods for the optimization of routing based on the criteria of travel time and/or the cost of travel and/or the distance traveled. Routing can be in various modalities, such as by car, on foot, by bicycle, via public transit, or by boat. A typical method of routing involves building a graph comprised of street segments, assigning a normalized weighted value to each segment, and then applying the weighted-shorted path algorithm to the graph in order to find the best route. Some users desire that the routing suggestion include consideration pertaining to the scenic architectural quality of the path. For example, a user desires a leisure walk via what they might deem as visually attractive architecture. Here, we are proposing a method to quantify such user preferences and scenic quality and to augment the standard routing methods by giving weight to the scenic quality. That is, instead of suggesting merely the time & cost-optimal route, we will find the best route that is tailored towards the user’s scenic quality preferences, as an additional criterion to the time and cost.