bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
C−S Cross‐Coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Well‐Defined Copper and Nickel Complexes
Authors: Rufino‐Felipe Ernesto , Valdés Hugo , Morales‐Morales David 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis review presents well‐defined copper and nickel complexes that have been used in the formation of C−S bonds. The use of Cu or Ni catalysts represent an advantage in comparison with those based on precious metals such as Pd, by being two of the most abundant metals in the earth's crust and thus cheaper. As can be expected the catalytic activity of the different Cu and Ni complexes is strongly dependent on the nature of the ligands used. Thus, multidentate and strong electron‐donating ligands are of common use to design highly active species since such ligands are capable to stabilize species in high oxidation states which are key intermediates in the reaction mechanisms of these processes. This being particular true in the case of copper, where Cu(III) produces unstable and reactive species that require an “extra stabilization” during the reaction mechanism. Hence, the reaction mechanisms using copper and nickel complexes as catalysts are also discussed in this paper, including the role of the different ligands during the catalytic processes. Although there is an increasing number of reports on C−S cross coupling reactions, due to the relevance of this transformation, they are often difficult to reproduce and not of general use since the actual catalytic species are not identified. Thus, we hope that this report will help to promote the search and synthesis of new ligands for the design of more active well‐defined complexes that can be used as catalysts in a more rational manner in the formation of valuable C−S bond‐containing species.
Communicating with children about ‘everyday’ pain and injury: A Delphi study
Authors: Wallwork Sarah B. , Noel Melanie , Moseley G. Lorimer 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground‘Everyday’ pain experiences are potentially critical in shaping our beliefs and behaviours around injury and pain. Influenced by social, cultural and environmental contexts, they form the foundation of one's understanding of pain and injury that is taken into adulthood. How to best communicate to young children about their everyday pain experiences, in order to foster adaptive beliefs and behaviours, is unknown.MethodsIn this Delphi survey, we sought expert opinion on the key messages and strategies that parents/caregivers can consider when communicating with young children (aged 2–7 years) about ‘everyday’ pain that is most likely to promote recovery, resilience and adaptive pain behaviours. Eighteen experts participated including specialists in paediatric pain, trauma, child development and psychology; educators and parents. The survey included three rounds.ResultsResponse rate was over 88%. Two hundred fifty‐three items were raised; 187 reached ‘consensus’ (≥80% agreement amongst experts). Key messages that the experts agreed to be ‘very important’ were aligned with current evidence‐based understandings of pain and injury. Strategies to communicate messages included parent/caregiver role modelling, responses to child pain and discussion during and/or after a painful experience. Other key themes included promoting emotional development, empowering children to use active coping strategies and resilience building.ConclusionsThis diverse set of childhood, pain and parenting experts reached consensus on 187 items, yielding 12 key themes to consider when using everyday pain experiences to promote adaptive pain beliefs and behaviours in young children.SignificanceParents and caregivers likely play a critical role in the development of children's fundamental beliefs and behaviours surrounding pain and injury that are carried into adulthood. Everyday pain experiences provide key opportunities to promote positive pain‐related beliefs and behaviours. This Delphi survey identified key messages and strategies that caregivers can consider to optimize learning, encourage the development of adaptive pain behaviours and build resilience for future pain experiences.
Unpredictable love? How uncertainty influences partner preferences
Authors: van Horen Femke , Millet Kobe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDo uncertain events (such as COVID‐19) influence the types of partners that males and females feel attracted to in (online) dating? Four studies show that partner preferences are not fixed but dynamic and depend on people's temporary psychological state of uncertainty. Specifically, we show that when facing uncertainty, women are more attracted to men with tougher versus more tender facial features, whereas men are more attracted to women with more tender versus tougher facial features. This effect attenuates under certainty. We show furthermore that uncertainty (but not certainty) increases the preference of stereotypical partner types (caring vs. strong), which can be inferred from these facial features. These results are replicated with different facial stimuli and when uncertainty is activated due to COVID‐19, pointing to the timeliness and generalizability of the findings. These findings have implications for our understanding of how and why partner preferences are influenced by uncertainty.
Pricing callable–puttable convertible bonds with an integral equation approach
Authors: Lin Sha , Zhu Song‐Ping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the pricing problem of callable–puttable convertible bonds written on a single underlying asset is studied with an integral equation (IE) approach. The complication of the pricing exercise results from the tangled presence of callability, puttability, as well as conversion, which have led to possible coexistence of two moving boundaries at the same time, depending on the call price, the put price, and the conversion ratio. If a callable–puttable convertible bond needs to be priced at a time sufficiently far away from the expiry, only the moving boundary associated with the puttability needs to be dealt with. When the pricing time is closer to expiry beyond a critical point, it is then possible to have two distinct cases. While the two moving boundaries associated with conversion and puttability coexist in one case, they may both disappear in another case; callability remains to be the only issue that needs to be dealt with. Furthermore, there exists another critical value, beyond which a callable–puttable convertible bond can be treated as its vanilla counterpart. Mathematically, various different scenarios demand different systems of IEs to be formulated and solved numerically.
Endocannabinoid signaling in astrocytes
Authors: Eraso‐Pichot Abel , Pouvreau Sandrine , Olivera‐Pinto Alexandre , Gomez‐Sotres Paula , Skupio Urszula , Marsicano Giovanni 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe study of the astrocytic contribution to brain functions has been growing in popularity in the neuroscience field. In the last years, and especially since the demonstration of the involvement of astrocytes in synaptic functions, the astrocyte field has revealed multiple functions of these cells that seemed inconceivable not long ago. In parallel, cannabinoid investigation has also identified different ways by which cannabinoids are able to interact with these cells, modify their functions, alter their communication with neurons and impact behavior. In this review, we will describe the expression of different endocannabinoid system members in astrocytes. Moreover, we will relate the latest findings regarding cannabinoid modulation of some of the most relevant astroglial functions, namely calcium (Ca2+) dynamics, gliotransmission, metabolism, and inflammation.
Superficial white matter microstructure affects processing speed in cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Wang Shuyue , Zhang Fan , Huang Peiyu , Hong Hui , Jiaerken Yeerfan , Yu Xinfeng , Zhang Ruiting , Zeng Qingze , Zhang Yao , Kikinis Ron , Rathi Yogesh , Makris Nikos , Lou Min , Pasternak Ofer , Zhang Minming , O'Donnell Lauren J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhite matter hyperintensities (WMH) are a typical feature of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), which contributes to about 50% of dementias worldwide. Microstructural alterations in deep white matter (DWM) have been widely examined in CSVD. However, little is known about abnormalities in superficial white matter (SWM) and their relevance for processing speed, the main cognitive deficit in CSVD. In 141 CSVD patients, processing speed was assessed using Trail Making Test Part A. White matter abnormalities were assessed by WMH burden (volume on T2‐FLAIR) and diffusion MRI measures. SWM imaging measures had a large contribution to processing speed, despite a relatively low SWM WMH burden. Across all imaging measures, SWM free water (FW) had the strongest association with processing speed, followed by SWM mean diffusivity (MD). SWM FW was the only marker to significantly increase between two subgroups with the lowest WMH burdens. When comparing two subgroups with the highest WMH burdens, the involvement of WMH in the SWM was accompanied by significant differences in processing speed and white matter microstructure. Mediation analysis revealed that SWM FW fully mediated the association between WMH volume and processing speed, while no mediation effect of MD or DWM FW was observed. Overall, results suggest that the SWM has an important contribution to processing speed, while SWM FW is a sensitive imaging marker associated with cognition in CSVD. This study extends the current understanding of CSVD‐related dysfunction and suggests that the SWM, as an understudied region, can be a potential target for monitoring pathophysiological processes.
Response to anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccines in multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients
Authors: Zaleska Joanna , Kwasnik Paulina , Paziewska Magdalena , Purkot Joanna , Szabelak Aleksandra , Jurek Mateusz , Masny Natalia , Dziatkiewicz Izabela , Pronobis‐Szczylik Bartosz , Piebiak Agnieszka , Szymczyk Agnieszka , Jarosz‐Chudzik Katarzyna , Bolkun Lukasz , Kozlowska Katarzyna , Piszcz Jaroslaw , Subocz Edyta , Halka Janusz , Bator Michal , Kalicinska Elzbieta , Wrobel Tomasz , Usnarska‐Zubkiewicz Lidia , Rybka Justyna , Deren‐Wagemann Izabela , Szyca‐Smieszniak Marta , Dybko Jaroslaw , Hus Iwona , Pula Bartosz , Cichocka Edyta , Rymko Marcin , Zdunczyk Dorota , Ziarkiewicz Mateusz , Basak Grzegorz Wladyslaw , Bullinger Lars , Giannopoulos Krzysztof 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients have increased morbidity and mortality rates of COVID‐19 due to immunosuppression associated with the disease and ongoing therapy. The same immune impairment accompanying CLL and MM also affects suboptimal vaccine response. The study assessed the effectiveness of the humoral and T cell‐mediated immunity following mRNA COVID‐19 vaccination (using either BNT162b2 or mRNA‐1273) in short‐term (2‐5 weeks after second dose) and long‐term follow‐up (12 weeks after vaccination). Between March and August 2021, blood samples were obtained from 62 CLL and 60 MM patients from eight different hematology departments in Poland. Total anti‐RBD antibodies were detected in 37% MM patients before vaccination, increased to 91% and 94% in short‐ and long‐term follow‐up, respectively. In CLL, serological responses were detectable in 21% of patients before vaccination and increased to 45% in the short‐term and 71% in long‐term observation. We detected a tendency to higher frequencies of specific CD8+ T cells against SARS‐CoV‐2 after vaccination compared to samples before vaccination in MM patients and no changes in frequencies of specific T cells in CLL patients. Our study provides novel insights into mRNA vaccination efficacy in immunocompromised MM and CLL patients, and our findings highlight that specific CD8+ T cells against SARS‐CoV‐2 might be induced by vaccination but do not correlate positively with serological responses.
The effects of business and finance conditions on the tourism stock markets: An empirical investigation from Turkey
Authors: Katircioglu Setareh , Katircioglu Salih 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study investigates interactions between the stock performance of tourism firms and business and finance conditions in a vast tourist destination country, Turkey. Results of the study confirm the long‐term significant effects of the business and finance environment on the stock performance of Turkish tourism firms using a stock valuation model. Furthermore, the study shows that the tourism stock markets are highly sensitive to aggregate macroeconomic and industrial activity, financial markets, tourism climate, exchange rate markets and country's inflation levels since these aggregates exert highly elastic effects on the tourism stock prices.
Two‐dimensional In2Se3: A rising advanced material for ferroelectric data storage
Authors: Huang Yu‐Ting , Chen Nian‐Ke , Li Zhen‐Ze , Wang Xue‐Peng , Sun Hong‐Bo , Zhang Shengbai , Li Xian‐Bin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFerroelectric memory is a promising candidate for next‐generation nonvolatile memory owing to its outstanding performance such as low power consumption, fast speed, and high endurance. However, the ferroelectricity of conventional ferroelectric materials will be eliminated by the depolarization field when the size drops to the nanometer scale. As a result, the miniaturization of ferroelectric devices was hindered, which makes ferroelectric memory unable to keep up with the development of integrated‐circuit (IC) miniaturization. Recently, a two‐dimensional (2D) In2Se3was reported to maintain stable ferroelectricity at the ultrathin scale, which is expected to break through the bottleneck of miniaturization. Soon, devices based on 2D In2Se3, including the ferroelectric field‐effect transistor, ferroelectric channel transistor, synaptic ferroelectric semiconductor junction, and ferroelectric memristor were demonstrated. However, a comprehensive understanding of the structures and the ferroelectric‐switching mechanism of 2D In2Se3is still lacking. Here, the atomic structures of different phases, the dynamic mechanism of ferroelectric switching, and the performance/functions of the latest devices of 2D In2Se3are reviewed. Furthermore, the correlations among the structures, the properties, and the device performance are analyzed. Finally, several crucial problems or challenges and possible research directions are put forward. We hope that this review paper can provide timely knowledge and help for the research community to develop 2D In2Se3based ferroelectric memory and computing technology for practical industrial applications.image
Loss‐induced phase transition in mid‐infrared plasmonic metamaterials for ultrasensitive vibrational spectroscopy
Authors: Zhou Hong , Li Dongxiao , Ren Zhihao , Mu Xiaojing , Lee Chengkuo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetamaterials have proven their ability to possess extraordinary physical properties distinct from naturally available materials, leading to exciting sensing functionalities and applications. However, metamaterial‐based sensing applications suffer from severe performance limitations due to noise interference and design constraints. Here, we propose a dual‐phase strategy that leverages loss‐induced different Fano‐resonant phases to access both destructive and constructive signals of molecular vibration. When the two reverse signals are innovatively combined, the noise in the detection system is effectively suppressed, thereby breaking through the noise‐related limitations. Additionally, by utilizing loss optimization of the plasmon‐molecule coupling system, our dual‐phase strategy enhances the efficiency of infrared energy transfer into the molecule without any additional fabrication complex, thereby overcoming the trade‐off dilemma between performance and fabrication cost. Thanks to the pioneering breakthroughs in the limitations, our dual‐phase strategy possesses an overwhelming competitive advantage in ultrasensitive vibrational spectroscopy over traditional metamaterial technology, including strong signal strength (×4), high sensitivity (×4.2), effective noise suppression (30%), low detection limit (13 ppm), and excellent selectivity among CO2, NH3, and CH4mixtures. This work not only opens the door to various emerging ultrasensitive detection applications, including ultrasensitive in‐breath diagnostics and high‐information analysis of molecular information in dynamic reactions, but also gains new insights into the plasmon‐molecule interactions in advanced metamaterials.image
d‐ribose‐l‐cysteine abrogates testicular maladaptive responses induced by polychlorinated bisphenol intoxication in rats via activation of the mTOR signaling pathway mediating inhibition of apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidonitrergic flux
Authors: Mega Oyovwi O. , Edesiri Tesi P. , Victor Emojevwe , Kingsley Nwangwan E. , Rume Rotu A. , Faith Falajiki Y. , Simon Ovuakporaye I. , Oghenetega Bright O. , Agbonifo‐Chijiokwu Ejime 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMale reproductive maladaptive responses are becoming a global health concern and also a social issue. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a member of halogenated aromatic environmental pollutants with diverse environmental matrices. This study was conducted to explore the mechanisms of PCBs‐induced testicular maladaptive responses and the potential reversal effects of d‐ribose‐
l‐cysteine (DRLC) on testicular injury induced by administration of PCBs (2 mg/kg) for 30 days. DRLC (50 mg/kg) was administered orally for 15 days starting from Days 16 to 30 after the initial 15 days of treatment with PCB. All assays were carried out using established protocols. Administration of DRLC at 50 mg/kg after treatment with PCBs enhances body and testicular weights, gonadotropins (luteinizing hormone and follicle‐stimulating hormone), testosterone and poor sperm quality. DRLC also reduced testicular injury score, improved spermatogenesis scoring, reduced oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde), as well as restored the reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) and decreases pro‐inflammatory response (tumor necrosis factor‐alpha and NO). More so, DRLC treatment abrogates testicular DNA fragmentation and downregulated p53 and caspase 3 activities and upregulated the concentration of autophagy‐related protein (mammalian target of rapamycin [mTOR] and Atg7). DRLC abates testicular deficit induced by PCBs intoxicated rats via activation of the mTOR signaling pathway mediating inhibition of apoptosis, Inflammation and oxidative flux.
Periodontal diagnosis and treatment planning – An assessment of the understanding of the new classification system
Authors: Kakar Arushi , Blanchard Steven , Shin Daniel , Maupomé Gerardo , Eckert George J. , John Vanchit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesSubstantial variations are seen among clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment planning of periodontal diseases. Accurate diagnosis and treatment planning are fundamental requirements for effective outcome‐based patient care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the understanding of the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology 2017 periodontal disease classifications in diagnoses and treatment plans across four study groups.MethodsThe study recruited at least 20 participants in each of the four study groups. These included 1) Periodontal faculty and residents at Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD‐PF) 2) IUSD general practice faculty (IUSD‐GPF), 3) private practice periodontists (PPP), and 4) general practitioners (GP). The participants were provided with 10 HIPPA de‐identified case records and a link to a survey. The survey comprised five demographic questions and two questions on diagnosis and treatment plan for each case along with a fixed list of responses. The responses were then compared against gold standards that were determined by a group of three board‐certified periodontists.ResultsOverall, for diagnostic questions, GP (69%) were correct significantly less often than IUSD‐PF (86%, p < 0.001), IUSD‐GPF (79%, p = 0.002), and PPP (80%, p = 0.001). No significant differences (p > 0.05) in the overall correct treatment plan responses were found among the four groups (IUSD‐PF: 69%, IUSD‐GPF: 62%, PPP: 68%, and GP: 60%). The multi‐rater kappas for with‐in‐group agreement on overall diagnosis ranged from 0.36 (GP) to 0.55 (IUSD‐PF) and on overall treatment plan ranged from 0.32 (IUSD‐GPF) to 0.42 (IUSD‐PF). Overall agreement for diagnosis and treatment plans among the four groups was relatively low and none of the groups were statistically different from each other (p > 0.05).ConclusionRegular participation in calibration sessions may lead to more accurate adoption of the 2017 periodontal classification and thereby help provide consistent diagnosis and treatment.
Chronic caffeine consumption improves the acute sleep deprivation‐induced spatial memory impairment while altering N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor subunit expression in male rats
Authors: Keloglan Seval Musuroglu , Sahin Leyla , Cevik Ozge Selin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCaffeine is a psychostimulant substance that is mostly used to prevent fatigue, increase alertness, and ameliorate sleep loss situations. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of chronic caffeine consumption on learning and memory functions and related genes in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep‐deprived rats. During the neonatal period (postnatal day [PND] 28) Wistar albino male rats (n = 32) were randomly assigned into four groups: Control (C), caffeine application (Cf), acute REM sleep‐deprivation (RD), and caffeine application + acute RD (Cf + RD). The 48 h of RD was executed when caffeine administration was completed. The learning and memory performance was evaluated by the Morris water maze test (MWMT). Following this, the rats were decapitated to isolate hippocampus tissues. In MWMT, time spent in the targeted quadrant decreased significantly in the RD group compared with the C and Cf + RD group. NR2A expression level increased in the RD group compared with C, Cf, and Cf + RD groups (p < 0.05). NR2B expression level increased in RD and Cf + RD groups compared with C and Cf groups (p < 0.05). BDNF and c‐Fos expression levels did not differ significantly between the groups. RD impaired hippocampal spatial memory performance in the MWMT test. Our results indicated that chronic caffeine consumption has a therapeutic effect on spatial memory deterioration impairment caused by RD. Furthermore, it seems that the effect of caffeine RD on the hippocampus may be mediated by NR2A.
Synthesis of novel purine derivatives: Antiplatelet aggregation activity evaluation and 3D‐QSAR analysis
Authors: Li Shunlai , Ren Yajing , He Qiwen , Wei Yongji , Du Hongguang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCardiovascular disease caused by platelet aggregation is a serious threat to human health, so antiplatelet aggregation has great significance to treat the disease. Since, purine derivatives are important molecules with antiplatelet aggregation activity, it is very essential to study the relationship between purine structure and antiplatelet aggregation effect, which could help us to find antithrombotic drugs. This article describes the modification of molecular substituents with purine structures as backbone and evaluates their antiplatelet aggregation activity. 3D‐QSAR analysis of a series of novel purine derivatives synthesized was performed based on self‐organized molecular field analysis (SOMFA). Significant correlation coefficients (SOMFA, r2 = 0.821, rcv2 = 0.807, F value = 283.500, SEE = 0.229) were obtained, and the model prediction ability was validated using the test set. The results suggest that rational modification of the substituent groups can provide a basis for the development of more effective drug molecules.