bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying and Explaining the Components Affecting for Design Preparedness Exercises of the Health System in Emergencies and Disasters: A Quality Content Analysis
Authors: Sheikhbardsiri Hojjat , Aliakbari Fatemeh , Jafari Hamid , Khademipour Gholamreza , Sahebi Ali 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjective:Running exercise courses in different sectors of the health system is one of the important steps to prepare and deploy disaster risk management programs. The present study aimed to identify and explain the components affecting the design of preparedness exercises of the health system in disasters.Methods:This study was a qualitative content analysis. Data were collected by purposeful sampling through in-depth and semi-structured individual interviews with 25 health professionals in disasters who had experience in designing, implementing, and evaluating an exercise. The data were analyzed using the content analysis method.Results:The data analysis resulted in the production of 50 initial codes, 12 subcategories, 4 main categories of “Coordination, Command, and Guidance of Exercise,” “Hardware and Software Requirements of Exercise,” “Organizational Exercise Resources,” and “Communication and Exercise Public Information” with the original theme of “Exercise Design.”Conclusion:This study provides a clear picture and rich, constructive information on the concept of designing health system preparedness exercises in disasters. The findings of this study can greatly increase the attention of senior managers in all areas of health, especially managers of prehospitals and hospitals who are in the front line of the response to disasters to design standard and scientific preparedness exercises.
Telling a Different Story: Redeployment of the Narrative Alexander Tradition in a Medieval PersianDāstān
Authors: Rubanovich Julia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article explores theremaniementof three episodes current in the Perso-Arabic Alexander tradition—i.e., Eskandar's confrontation with the Indian king Fur; Eskandar's visit to Queen Qeydāfeh; and Eskandar's encounter with the Gymnosophists—in the anonymous PersianEskandarnāmeh, a medieval epic narrative in prose (dāstān;ca. 12th–14thc.). Through extensive comparative evidence from other genres, primarily narrative poetry (Ferdowsi'sShāhnāmeh, Nezāmi'sSharafnāmehandEqbālnāmeh), mirabilia (ʿajāyeb), and exegetical works (qesas al-anbeyāʾandtafsir), this study engages with how the modalities of thedāstāngenre, with its strong leaning towards traditional oral storytelling, affect the narrative choicesEskandarnāmeh's author makes in treating these themes. In so doing, this article attempts to develop a more informed assessment of the strategies and devices which, activated both on the production and reception planes, generate competing interpretations of well-known plots recast in different narrative modes.
Simple is as simple does: Plantinga and Ghazālī on divine simplicity
Authors: McGinnis Jon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study considers the notion of divine simplicity, the idea that God is not a composite of more basic features, and the criticisms by al-Ghazālī (d. 1111) and Alvin Plantinga of that doctrine. What is shown is that most of the argumentation against divine simplicity frequently credited to Plantinga had been nearly perfectly anticipated by al-Ghazālī. Moreover, in responding to a stronger form of divine simplicity, which Avicenna (d. 1037) had presented, than the Thomistic version that Plantinga attacks, Ghazālī develops ‘new’ arguments and moves that are still valuable and informative to the discussion of divine simplicity today.
Resilience as the policing of critique: A pragmatist way forward
Authors: Finkenbusch Peter 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article offers a critical review of the main conceptual readings of resilience as a prominent policy paradigm in international development, security, and disaster management. Focusing on neoliberal, biopolitical, cybernetic, and postliberal understandings, it probes the possibilities for engaging in a socially transformative critique of resilience. In particular, the article asks how the resilience discourse polices critique in a way that includes certain forms of knowledge, such as indigenous, local, and everyday knowledge, while excluding abstract theorising. What is considered authoritative knowledge in the resilience discourse? And what are the possibilities for opposing resilience if it ‘metabolizes critique into its internal dynamic’, as Jeremy Walker and Melinda Cooper famously argued? How does critique turn from a tool to undermine dominant knowledge-power regimes into a motor of governance? The article demonstrates that the more seriously we engage with the underlying ontology of resilience, the more difficult it becomes to formulate a critique that is not incorporated into governance. As a possible way forward, the article discusses Luc Boltanski's pragmatist sociology of critique.
Assessment of predictive probability models for effective mechanical design feature reuse
Authors: Vasantha Gokula , Purves David , Quigley John , Corney Jonathan , Sherlock Andrew , Randika Geevin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This research envisages an automated system to inform engineers when opportunities occur to use existing features or configurations during the development of new products. Such a system could be termed a "predictive CAD system" because it would be able to suggest feature choices that follow patterns established in existing products. The predictive CAD literature largely focuses on predicting components for assemblies using 3D solid models. In contrast, this research work focuses on feature-based predictive CAD system using B-rep models. This paper investigates the performance of predictive models that could enable the creation of such an intelligent CAD system by assessing three different methods to support inference: sequential, machine learning, or probabilistic methods using N-Grams, Neural Networks (NNs), and Bayesian Networks (BNs) as representative of these methods. After defining the functional properties that characterize a predictive design system, a generic development methodology is presented. The methodology is used to carry out a systematic assessment of the relative performance of three methods each used to predict the diameter value of the next hole and boss feature type being added during the design of a hydraulic valve body. Evaluating predictive performance providing five recommendations (

$k = 5$

) for hole or boss features as a new design was developed, recall@k increased from around 30% to 50% and precision@k from around 50% to 70% as one to three features were added. The results indicate that the BN and NN models perform better than those using N-Grams. The practical impact of this contribution is assessed using a prototype (implemented as an extension to a commercial CAD system) by engineers whose comments defined an agenda for ongoing research in this area.
TRIM47 is a novel endothelial activation factor that aggravates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice via K63-linked ubiquitination of TRAF2
Authors: Qian Yisong , Wang Ziwei , Lin Hongru , Lei Tianhua , Zhou Zhou , Huang Weilu , Wu Xuehan , Zuo Li , Wu Jie , Liu Yu , Wang Ling-Fang , Guan Xiao-Hui , Deng Ke-Yu , Fu Mingui , Xin Hong-Bo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEndothelial activation plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced acute lung injury, however, the detailed regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we reported that TRIM47, an E3 ubiquitin ligase of the tripartite motif-containing protein family, was highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells. TRIM47-deficient mice were effectively resistant to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury and death by attenuating pulmonary inflammation. TRIM47 was upregulated during TNFα-induced endothelial activation in vitro. Knockdown of TRIM47 in endothelial cells inhibited the transcription of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduced monocyte adhesion and the expression of adhesion molecules, and suppressed the secretion of IL-1β and IL-6 in endothelial cells. By contrast, overexpression of TRIM47 promoted inflammatory response and monocyte adhesion upon TNFα stimulation. In addition, TRIM47 was able to activate the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways during endothelial activation. Furthermore, our experiments revealed that TRIM47 resulted in endothelial activation by promoting the K63-linked ubiquitination of TRAF2, a key component of the TNFα signaling pathway. Taken together, our studies demonstrated that TRIM47 as a novel activator of endothelial cells, promoted LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation and acute lung injury through potentiating the K63-linked ubiquitination of TRAF2, which in turn activates NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways to trigger an inflammatory response in endothelial cells.
Identification of beneficial and detrimental bacteria impacting sorghum responses to drought using multi-scale and multi-system microbiome comparisons
Authors: Qi Mingsheng , Berry Jeffrey C , Veley Kira W , O’Connor Lily , Finkel Omri M , Salas-González Isai , Kuhs Molly , Jupe Julietta , Holcomb Emily , Glavina del Rio Tijana , Creech Cody , Liu Peng , Tringe Susannah G , Dangl Jeffery L , Schachtman Daniel P , Bart Rebecca S 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Drought is a major abiotic stress limiting agricultural productivity. Previous field-level experiments have demonstrated that drought decreases microbiome diversity in the root and rhizosphere. How these changes ultimately affect plant health remains elusive. Toward this end, we combined reductionist, transitional and ecological approaches, applied to the staple cereal crop sorghum to identify key root-associated microbes that robustly affect drought-stressed plant phenotypes. Fifty-three Arabidopsis-associated bacteria were applied to sorghum seeds and their effect on root growth was monitored. Two Arthrobacter strains caused root growth inhibition (RGI) in Arabidopsis and sorghum. In the context of synthetic communities, Variovorax strains were able to protect plants from Arthrobacter-caused RGI. As a transitional system, high-throughput phenotyping was used to test the synthetic communities. During drought stress, plants colonized by Arthrobacter had reduced growth and leaf water content. Plants colonized by both Arthrobacter and Variovorax performed as well or better than control plants. In parallel, we performed a field trial wherein sorghum was evaluated across drought conditions. By incorporating data on soil properties into the microbiome analysis, we accounted for experimental noise with a novel method and were able to observe the negative correlation between the abundance of Arthrobacter and plant growth. Having validated this approach, we cross-referenced datasets from the high-throughput phenotyping and field experiments and report a list of bacteria with high confidence that positively associated with plant growth under drought stress. In conclusion, a three-tiered experimental system successfully spanned the lab-to-field gap and identified beneficial and deleterious bacterial strains for sorghum under drought.
Multi-omics signatures of alcohol use disorder in the dorsal and ventral striatum
Authors: Zillich Lea , Poisel Eric , Frank Josef , Foo Jerome C. , Friske Marion M. , Streit Fabian , Sirignano Lea , Heilmann-Heimbach Stefanie , Heimbach André , Hoffmann Per , Degenhardt Franziska , Hansson Anita C. , Bakalkin Georgy , Nöthen Markus M. , Rietschel Marcella , Spanagel Rainer , Witt Stephanie H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a major contributor to global mortality and morbidity. Postmortem human brain tissue enables the investigation of molecular mechanisms of AUD in the neurocircuitry of addiction. We aimed to identify differentially expressed (DE) genes in the ventral and dorsal striatum between individuals with AUD and controls, and to integrate the results with findings from genome- and epigenome-wide association studies (GWAS/EWAS) to identify functionally relevant molecular mechanisms of AUD. DNA-methylation and gene expression (RNA-seq) data was generated from postmortem brain samples of 48 individuals with AUD and 51 controls from the ventral striatum (VS) and the dorsal striatal regions caudate nucleus (CN) and putamen (PUT). We identified DE genes using DESeq2, performed gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and tested enrichment of DE genes in results of GWASs using MAGMA. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed for DNA-methylation and gene expression data and gene overlap was tested. Differential gene expression was observed in the dorsal (FDR < 0.05), but not the ventral striatum of AUD cases. In the VS, DE genes at FDR < 0.25 were overrepresented in a recent GWAS of problematic alcohol use. TheARHGEF15gene was upregulated in all three brain regions. GSEA in CN and VS pointed towards cell-structure associated GO-terms and in PUT towards immune pathways. The WGCNA modules most strongly associated with AUD showed strong enrichment for immune response and inflammation pathways. Our integrated analysis of multi-omics data sets provides further evidence for the importance of immune- and inflammation-related processes in AUD.
The roles of osteoprotegerin in cancer, far beyond a bone player
Authors: Wang Yufei , Liu Yiyang , Huang Zhao , Chen Xiaoping , Zhang Bixiang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOsteoprotegerin (OPG), also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B (TNFRSF11B), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily. Characterized by its ability to bind to receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), OPG is critically involved in bone remodeling. Emerging evidence implies that OPG is far beyond a bone-specific modulator, and is involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes, such as immunoregulation, vascular function, and fibrosis. Notably, numerous preclinical and clinical studies have been conducted to assess the participation of OPG in tumorigenesis and cancer development. Mechanistic studies have demonstrated that OPG is involved in multiple hallmarks of cancer, including tumor survival, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), neo-angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. In this review, we systematically summarize the basis and advances of OPG from its molecular structure to translational applications. In addition to its role in bone homeostasis, the physiological and pathological impacts of OPG on human health and its function in cancer progression are reviewed, providing a comprehensive understanding of OPG. We aim to draw more attention to OPG in the field of cancer, and to propose it as a promising diagnostic or prognostic biomarker as well as potential therapeutic target for cancer.
BMP9 reduces age-related bone loss in mice by inhibiting osteoblast senescence through Smad1-Stat1-P21 axis
Authors: Xu Jing-zun , Zhou Yan-man , Zhang Lin-lin , Chen Xiao-jing , Yang Yu-ying , Zhang Deng , Zhu Ke-cheng , Kong Xiao-ke , Sun Li-hao , Tao Bei , Zhao Hong-yan , Liu Jian-min 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAge-related osteoporosis is characterized by the accumulation of senescent osteoblastic cells in bone microenvironment and significantly reduced osteogenic differentiation. Clearing of the senescent cells is helpful to improve bone formation in aged mice. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), a multifunctional protein produced and secreted by liver, was reported to improve osteoporosis caused by estrogen withdrawal. However, the mechanism of BMP9 has not been fully elucidated, and its effect on senile osteoporosis has not been reported. This study reveals that BMP9 significantly increases bone mass and improves bone biomechanical properties in aged mice. Furthermore, BMP9 reduces expression of senescent genes in bone microenvironment, accompanied by decreased senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs) such as Ccl5, Mmp9, Hmgb1, Nfkb1, and Vcam1. In vitro, Bmp9 treatment inhibits osteoblast senescence through activating Smad1, which suppresses the transcriptional activity of Stat1, thereby inhibits P21 expression and SASPs production. Furthermore, inhibiting the Smad1 signal in vivo can reverse the inhibitory effect of BMP9 on Stat1 and downstream senescent genes, which eliminates the protection of BMP9 on age-related osteoporosis. These findings highlight the critical role of BMP9 on reducing age-related bone loss by inhibiting osteoblast senescence through Smad1-Stat1-P21 axis.
Therapeutic response in the HAWK and HARRIER trials using deep learning in retinal fluid volume and compartment analysis
Authors: Schmidt-Erfurth Ursula , Mulyukov Zufar , Gerendas Bianca S. , Reiter Gregor S. , Lorand Daniel , Weissgerber Georges , Bogunović Hrvoje 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the therapeutic response to brolucizumab and aflibercept by deep learning/OCT-based analysis of macular fluid volumes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.MethodsIn this post-hoc analysis of two phase III, randomised, multi-centre studies (HAWK/HARRIER), 1078 and 739 treatment-naive eyes receiving brolucizumab or aflibercept according to protocol-specified criteria in HAWK and HARRIER, respectively, were included. Macular fluid on 41,840 OCT scans was localised and quantified using a validated deep learning-based algorithm. Volumes of intraretinal fluid (IRF), subretinal fluid (SRF), pigment epithelial detachment (PED) for all central macular areas (1, 3 and 6 mm) in nanolitres (nL) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) change in ETDRS letters were associated using mixed models for repeated measures.ResultsBaseline IRF volumes decreased by >92% following the first intravitreal injection and consistently remained low during follow-up. Baseline SRF volumes decreased by >74% following the first injection, while PED volume resolved by 68–79% of its baseline volume. Resolution of SRF and PED was dependent on the substance and regimen used. Larger residual post-loading IRF, SRF and PED volumes were all independently associated with progressive vision loss during maintenance, where the differences in mean BCVA change between high and low fluid volume subgroups for IRF, SRF and PED were 3.4 letters (p < 0.0001), 1.7 letters (p < 0.001) and 2.5 letters (p < 0.0001), respectively.ConclusionsDeep-learning methods allow an accurate assessment of substance and regimen efficacy. Irrespectively, all fluid compartments were found to be important markers of disease activity and were relevant for visual outcomes.
Calcium bursts allow rapid reorganization of EFhD2/Swip-1 cross-linked actin networks in epithelial wound closure
Authors: Lehne Franziska , Pokrant Thomas , Parbin Sabnam , Salinas Gabriela , Großhans Jörg , Rust Katja , Faix Jan , Bogdan Sven 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChanges in cell morphology require the dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. Calcium fluxes have been suggested as an important signal to rapidly relay information to the actin cytoskeleton, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we identify the EF-hand domain containing protein EFhD2/Swip-1 as a conserved lamellipodial protein strongly upregulated in Drosophila macrophages at the onset of metamorphosis when macrophage behavior shifts from quiescent to migratory state. Loss- and gain-of-function analysis confirm a critical function of EFhD2/Swip-1 in lamellipodial cell migration in fly and mouse melanoma cells. Contrary to previous assumptions, TIRF-analyses unambiguously demonstrate that EFhD2/Swip-1 proteins efficiently cross-link actin filaments in a calcium-dependent manner. Using a single-cell wounding model, we show that EFhD2/Swip-1 promotes wound closure in a calcium-dependent manner. Mechanistically, our data suggest that transient calcium bursts reduce EFhD2/Swip-1 cross-linking activity and thereby promote rapid reorganization of existing actin networks to drive epithelial wound closure.
Dandelion pappus morphing is actuated by radially patterned material swelling
Authors: Seale Madeleine , Kiss Annamaria , Bovio Simone , Viola Ignazio Maria , Mastropaolo Enrico , Boudaoud Arezki , Nakayama Naomi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPlants generate motion by absorbing and releasing water. Many Asteraceae plants, such as the dandelion, have a hairy pappus that can close depending on moisture levels to modify dispersal. Here we demonstrate the relationship between structure and function of the underlying hygroscopic actuator. By investigating the structure and properties of the actuator cell walls, we identify the mechanism by which the dandelion pappus closes. We developed a structural computational model that can capture observed pappus closing and used it to explore the critical design features. We find that the actuator relies on the radial arrangement of vascular bundles and surrounding tissues around a central cavity. This allows heterogeneous swelling in a radially symmetric manner to co-ordinate movements of the hairs attached at the upper flank. This actuator is a derivative of bilayer structures, which is radial and can synchronise the movement of a planar or lateral attachment. The simple, material-based mechanism presents a promising biomimetic potential in robotics and functional materials.
A FoxA2+ long-term stem cell population is necessary for growth plate cartilage regeneration after injury
Authors: Muruganandan Shanmugam , Pierce Rachel , Teguh Dian Astari , Perez Rocio Fuente , Bell Nicole , Nguyen Brandon , Hohl Katherine , Snyder Brian D. , Grinstaff Mark W. , Alberico Hannah , Woods Dori , Kong Yiwei , Sima Corneliu , Bhagat Sanket , Ho Kailing , Rosen Vicki , Gamer Laura , Ionescu Andreia M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLongitudinal bone growth, achieved through endochondral ossification, is accomplished by a cartilaginous structure, the physis or growth plate, comprised of morphologically distinct zones related to chondrocyte function: resting, proliferating and hypertrophic zones. The resting zone is a stem cell-rich region that gives rise to the growth plate, and exhibits regenerative capabilities in response to injury. We discovered a FoxA2+group of long-term skeletal stem cells, situated at the top of resting zone, adjacent the secondary ossification center, distinct from the previously characterized PTHrP+ stem cells. Compared to PTHrP+ cells, FoxA2+ cells exhibit higher clonogenicity and longevity. FoxA2+ cells exhibit dual osteo-chondro-progenitor activity during early postnatal development (P0-P28) and chondrogenic potential beyond P28. When the growth plate is injured, FoxA2+ cells expand in response to trauma, and produce physeal cartilage for growth plate tissue regeneration.
Structure of the Arabidopsis guard cell anion channel SLAC1 suggests activation mechanism by phosphorylation
Authors: Li Yawen , Ding Yinan , Qu Lili , Li Xinru , Lai Qinxuan , Zhao Pingxia , Gao Yongxiang , Xiang Chengbin , Cang Chunlei , Liu Xin , Sun Linfeng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStomata play a critical role in the regulation of gas exchange and photosynthesis in plants. Stomatal closure participates in multiple stress responses, and is regulated by a complex network including abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and ion-flux-induced turgor changes. The slow-type anion channel SLAC1 has been identified to be a central controller of stomatal closure and phosphoactivated by several kinases. Here, we report the structure of SLAC1 in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtSLAC1) in an inactivated, closed state. The cytosolic amino (N)-terminus and carboxyl (C)-terminus of AtSLAC1 are partially resolved and form a plug-like structure which packs against the transmembrane domain (TMD). Breaking the interactions between the cytosolic plug and transmembrane domain triggers channel activation. An inhibition-release model is proposed for SLAC1 activation by phosphorylation that the cytosolic plug dissociates from the transmembrane domain upon phosphorylation, and induces conformational changes to open the pore. These findings facilitate our understanding of the regulation of SLAC1 activity and stomatal aperture in plants.