bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nomograms predict prognosis and hospitalization time using non-contrast CT and CT perfusion in patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Sui He , Wu Jiaojiao , Zhou Qing , Liu Lin , Lv Zhongwen , Zhang Xintan , Yang Haibo , Shen Yi , Liao Shu , Shi Feng , Mo Zhanhao 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundStroke is a major disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Currently, there is no quantitative method to evaluate the short-term prognosis and length of hospitalization of patients.PurposeWe aimed to develop nomograms as prognosis predictors based on imaging characteristics from non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) and CT perfusion (CTP) and clinical characteristics for predicting activity of daily living (ADL) and hospitalization time of patients with ischemic stroke.Materials and methodsA total of 476 patients were enrolled in the study and divided into the training set (n = 381) and testing set (n = 95). Each of them owned NCCT and CTP images. We propose to extract imaging features representing as the Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECTS) values from NCCT, ischemic lesion volumes from CBF, and TMAX maps from CTP. Based on imaging features and clinical characteristics, we addressed two main issues: (1) predicting prognosis according to the Barthel index (BI)–binary logistic regression analysis was employed for feature selection, and the resulting nomogram was assessed in terms of discrimination capability, calibration, and clinical utility and (2) predicting the hospitalization time of patients–the Cox proportional hazard model was used for this purpose. After feature selection, another specific nomogram was established with calibration curves and time-dependent ROC curves for evaluation.ResultsIn the task of predicting binary prognosis outcome, a nomogram was constructed with the area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.883 (95% CI: 0.781–0.985), the accuracy of 0.853, and F1-scores of 0.909 in the testing set. We further tried to predict discharge BI into four classes. Similar performance was achieved as an AUC of 0.890 in the testing set. In the task of predicting hospitalization time, the Cox proportional hazard model was used. The concordance index of the model was 0.700 (SE = 0.019), and AUCs for predicting discharge at a specific week were higher than 0.80, which demonstrated the superior performance of the model.ConclusionThe novel non-invasive NCCT- and CTP-based nomograms could predict short-term ADL and hospitalization time of patients with ischemic stroke, thus allowing a personalized clinical outcome prediction and showing great potential in improving clinical efficiency.SummaryCombining NCCT- and CTP-based nomograms could accurately predict short-term outcomes of patients with ischemic stroke, including whose discharge BI and the length of hospital stay.Key ResultsUsing a large dataset of 1,310 patients, we show a novel nomogram with a good performance in predicting discharge BI class of patients (AUCs &gt; 0.850). The second nomogram owns an excellent ability to predict the length of hospital stay (AUCs &gt; 0.800).
“I Like the One With Minions”: The Influence of Marketing on Packages of Ultra-Processed Snacks on Children's Food Choices
Authors: Sato Priscila de Morais , Leite Fernanda Helena Marrocos , Khandpur Neha , Martins Ana Paula Bortoletto , Mais Laís Amaral 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the most consumed school snacks using the free listing and understand how marketing strategies on food labels influenced children's perceptions of snacks via focus groups.DesignThe study design involved free lists and semi-structured focus group interviews.SettingSão Paulo, Brazil.ParticipantsA total of 69 children were involved in this study.Phenomenon of InterestChildren's perceptions of food labels.AnalysisFood groups mentioned on the free lists were analyzed for their frequency and priority of occurrence. The focus groups were analyzed through content analysis.ResultsJuices and chips were the most salient snacks, with availability and flavor as reasons for their consumption. Children found images on labels appealing, which created a desire for the food, although could be deceptive. Snacks perceived as healthy were encouraged by parents, and children could more easily convince them to buy snacks with health claims. Colors and brands were important to catch children's attention and make the snack recognizable. Television commercials and mascots reinforced marketing strategies on labels.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur results point to the need for public health strategies to deal with the obesity epidemic through creating and implementing specific legislation to regulate food labels to discourage the consumption of unhealthy snacks and prohibit food marketing targeted at children.
Alanine Aminotransferase and Bilirubin Dynamic Evolution Pattern as a Novel Model for the Prediction of Acute Liver Failure in Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Yang Ruiyuan , Li Kexin , Zou Cailun , Wee Aileen , Liu Jimin , Liu Liwei , Li Min , Wu Ting , Wang Yu , Ma Zikun , Wang Yan , Liu Jingyi , Huang Ang , Sun Ying , Chang Binxia , Liang Qingsheng , Jia Jidong , Zou Zhengsheng , Zhao Xinyan 
Published: July 2022

Aims: To develop, optimize, and validate a novel model using alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin (TB) dynamic evolution patterns in predicting acute liver failure (ALF) in drug-induced liver injury (DILI) patients.Methods: The demographics, clinical data, liver biopsy, and outcomes of DILI patients were collected from two hospitals. According to the dynamic evolution of ALT and TB after DILI onset, the enrolled patients were divided into ALT-mono-peak, TB-mono-peak, double-overlap-peak, and double-separate-peak (DSP) patterns and compared. Logistic regression was used to develop this predictive model in both discovery and validation cohorts.Results: The proportion of ALF was significantly higher in patients with the DSP pattern than in the ALT-mono-peak pattern and DOP pattern (10.0 vs. 0.0% vs. 1.8%,p &lt; 0.05). The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of the DSP pattern model was 0.720 (95% CI: 0.682–0.756) in the discovery cohort and 0.828 (95% CI: 0.788–0.864) in the validation cohort in predicting ALF, being further improved by combining with international normalized ratio (INR) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (AUROC in the discovery cohort: 0.899; validation cohort: 0.958). Histopathologically, patients with the DSP pattern exhibited a predominantly cholestatic hepatitis pattern (75.0%, p &lt; 0.05) with a higher degree of necrosis (29.2%, p = 0.084).Conclusion: DILI patients with the DSP pattern are more likely to progress to ALF. The predictive potency of the model for ALF can be improved by incorporating INR and ALP. This novel model allows for better identification of high-risk DILI patients, enabling timely measures to be instituted for better outcome.
Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis in Pregnant Rat Hippocampus After Circadian Rhythm Inversion
Authors: Lin Jingjing , Sun Xinyue , Dai Xiaofeng , Zhang Shaoying , Zhang Xueling , Wang Qiaosong , Zheng Qirong , Huang Minfang , He Yuanyuan , Lin Rongjin 
Published: July 2022

To investigate the changes in proteins, metabolites, and related mechanisms in the hypothalamus of pregnant rats after circadian rhythm inversion during the whole pregnancy cycle. A total of 12 Wistar female rats aged 7 weeks were randomly divided into control (six rats) and experimental (six rats) groups at the beginning of pregnancy. The control group followed a 12-h light and dark cycle (6 a.m. to 6 p.m. light, 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. dark the next day), and the experimental group followed a completely inverted circadian rhythm (6 p.m. to 6 a.m. light the next day, 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. dark). Postpartum data were collected until 7–24 h after delivery, and hypothalamus samples were collected in two groups for quantitative proteomic and metabolism analyses. The differential proteins and metabolites of the two groups were screened by univariate combined with multivariate statistical analyses, and the differential proteins and metabolites enriched pathways were annotated with relevant databases to analyze the potential mechanisms after circadian rhythm inversion. A comparison of postpartum data showed that circadian rhythm inversion can affect the number of offspring and the average weight of offspring in pregnant rats. Compared with the control group, the expression of 20 proteins and 37 metabolites was significantly changed in the experimental group. The integrated analysis between proteins and metabolites found that RGD1562758 and lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) proteins were closely associated with carbon metabolism (choline, NAD+, L-glutamine, theobromine, D-fructose, and pyruvate) and glycerophospholipid metabolism (choline, NAD+, L-glutamine, phosphatidylcholine, theobromine, D-fructose, pyruvate, and arachidonate). Moreover, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the differential metabolites enriched in adenosine triphosphate (ATP)–binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Our study suggested that circadian rhythm inversion in pregnant rats may affect the numbers, the average weight of offspring, and the expressions of proteins and metabolism in the hypothalamus, which may provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular profile of circadian rhythm inversion in pregnant groups.
An Estimate of Plasma Volume Changes Following Moderate-High Intensity Running and Cycling Exercise and Adrenaline Infusion
Authors: Bjerre-Bastos Jonathan J. , Sejersen Casper , Bihlet Asger R. , Secher Niels H. , Mackey Abigail L. , Kitchen Carl-Christian , Drobinski Patryk , Thudium Christian S. , Nielsen Henning Bay 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Plasma volume (PV) changes in response to physical activity, possibly as a consequence of adrenergic activation. We estimated changes in PV in response to common exercise modalities; cycling and running as well as adrenaline infusion and control at rest.Methods: On separate days, forty circulatory healthy subjects [aged 60 years (range: 42–75)] with knee osteoarthritis underwent moderate-high intensity cycling, running, and intravenous adrenaline infusion to mimic the circulatory response to exercise. Blood samples were obtained from peripheral veins taken at several pre-defined time points before, during, and after the interventions. PV changes were estimated using venous hemoglobin and the derived hematocrit. The temporal associations between PV and selected biomarkers were explored.Results: Changes in PV were observed during all four interventions, and the response to cycling and running was similar. Compared to rest, PV decreased by -14.3% (95% CI: -10.0 to -18.7) after cycling, -13.9% (95% CI: -10.9 to -17.0) after running, and -7.8% (95% CI: -4.2 to -11.5) after adrenaline infusion.Conclusion: PV decreased in response to moderate-high intensity running and cycling. Adrenaline infusion mimicked the PV change observed during exercise, suggesting a separate influence of autonomic control on blood volume homeostasis. In perspective, a temporal association between PV and biomarker dynamics suggests that consideration of PV changes could be relevant when reporting plasma/serum constituents measured during exercise, but more research is needed to confirm this.
The relationship between ego depletion and work alienation in Chinese nurses: A network analysis
Authors: Cui Yi , Yang Tianqi , Gao Hui , Ren Lei , Liu Na , Liu Xufeng , Zhang Yinling 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the network structure of ego depletion and work alienation in Chinese nurses and identify bridge items to provide suggestions to reduce ego depletion and work alienation.MethodsA total of 353 nurses from three hospitals were enrolled in our cross-sectional study by convenience sampling from June to October 2021 in China. They completed an online survey, which included the Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Nurses’ Work Alienation Questionnaire, and Self-Regulating Fatigue Scale (SRF-S). The R packages qgraph, networktools, and bootnet were used to estimate the network model and calculate the indices.ResultsThe correlation between ego depletion and work alienation was mainly positive. The correlation between “Sometimes I do not know what to do with the work instructions from my superiors” and “I have difficulties remembering things” was the strongest among the cross-community correlations (r = 0.14). The bridge strength centrality indices of “Sometimes I do not know what to do with the work instructions from my superiors,” “I always feel like a loser” and “I have difficulties remembering things” were the highest (z score = 3.15, 2.83, 1.43). The correlation stability coefficient of the centrality index was larger than 0.25.ConclusionNurses’ ego depletion and work alienation are correlated. “Sometimes I do not know what to do with the work instructions from my superiors,” “I always feel like a loser” and “I have difficulties remembering things” act as bridges between ego depletion and work alienation communities, and should be the focus of nurses’ psychological tests. Our study provides potential targets for interventions to reduce work alienation from the perspective of ego depletion.
Pediatric Myopia Progression During the COVID-19 Pandemic Home Quarantine and the Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Ze , Wang Xiang , Zhang Shiyi , Ye Haiyong , Chen Yuanqing , Xia Yongliang 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has made many countries adopt restrictive measures like home quarantine. Children were required to study at home, which made parents worried about the rapid myopic progression of their children. To compare myopia progression during the COVID-19 pandemic home quarantine with the time before it and risk factors of myopia progression, we conducted this study.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to find literature from December 2019 to March 2022 related to COVID-19 pandemic home quarantine and children's myopia progression. Outcomes of myopia progression included axial length and spherical equivalent refraction. Factors of digital screen device time and outdoor activity time were analyzed.ResultsTen studies were included in this meta-analysis. Compared to the same period before the COVID-19 pandemic, spherical equivalent refraction decreased (OR = −0.27; 95% CI = [−0.33, −0.21]; Z = 8.42; P &lt; 0.00001). However, the subgroup analysis showed that there were no significant differences in spherical equivalent refraction between the two groups in higher-grade school-aged children (grades 4 and above, 11 to 18 years old) (OR = 0.01; 95% CI = [−0.05, 0.07]; Z =0.4; P = 0.69). The outcome of axial length showed no significant difference (OR = 0.06; 95% CI = [−0.31, 0.44]; Z = 0.34; P = 0.74). As for risk factors, the forest plots showed that digital screen device time (OR = 4.56; 95% CI = [4.45, 4.66]; Z = 85.57; P &lt; 0.00001) and outdoor activity time (OR = −1.82; 95% CI = [−2.87, −0.76]; Z = 3.37; P = 0.0008) were risk factors of myopia progression.ConclusionCompared with the time before the COVID-19 pandemic, myopia progression in children during COVID-19 pandemic home quarantine was accelerated, especially in younger children. Increased digital screen device and decreased outdoor activity times were risk factors. When home quarantine eases, more time on outdoor activities and less time on digital screen devices are needed for children.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/logout.php.
CYBERPORN DALAM PASAR DIGITAL NON-FUNGIBLE TOKENS: PRESPEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG INFORMASI TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK DAN PORNOGRAFI
Authors: Widiatno Andi , Pratama Ganiviantara 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAK Kemunculan dari Non-Fungible Token atau yang dikenal sebagai NFT cukup berdampak pada sebagian industri ditanah air terkhusus di industri seni. Salah satu dampak buruk dari kehadiran NFT adalah berkenaan dengan pelanggaran pornografi di dunia siber. Terlihat secara fakta bahwa di dalam pasar digital NFT terdapat akun akun yang menjual gambar dan konten yang bermuatan porno dan melanggar kesusilaan. Penulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif, dengan tujuan dari penelitian ini, tentunya untuk memberikn sanksi kepada pelanggar kesusilaan kepada para pemilik akun tersebut. Selain itu tidak hanya pelaku yang bisa terkena jeratan hukum melainkan penyelenggara sistem elektroniknya pun bisa mendapatkan sanksi berdasarkan hukum Indonesia, penyelenggara sistem elektronik dapat diberikan sanksi berupa sanksi administrasi yaitu pencabutan izin. Sanksi ini diberikan sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab hukum para penyelenggara sistem elektronik yang berada di wilayah hukum Indonesia. ABSTRACTThe emergence of Non-Fungible Tokens or known as NFTs has had quite an impact on some industries in the country, especially in the arts industry. One of the bad effects of the presence of NFT is related to pornography violations in cyberspace. It can be seen in the fact that in the NFT digital market there are accounts selling pornographic images and content that violate decency. This writing uses a normative juridical approach, with the aim of this research, of course, to give sanctions to violators of decency to the account owners. In addition, it is not only perpetrators who can be subject to legal entanglement, but also the organizers of the electronic system can get sanctions under Indonesian law, the organizers of the electronic system can be given sanctions in the form of administrative sanctions, namely revocation of permits. This sanction is given as a form of legal responsibility for electronic system operators in the Indonesian jurisdiction.
CYBERCRIME DI ERA INDUSTRI 4.0 DAN MASYARAKAT 5.0 DALAM PERSPEKTIF VIKTIMOLOGI
Authors: Angkasa Angkasa , Windiasih Rili 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAK Era Industri 4.0 dan Masyarakat 5.0 mempunyai karakteristik yang berbeda dan berdampak pula bagi jenis viktimisiasi khususnya akibat cybercrime. Hal ini berkorelasi dengan karakter pada era tersebut antara lain digitalisasi, rekayasa intelegensia dan internet of thing, Melalui penelitian kepustakaan dapat dijelasakan bahwa dalam perspektif viktimologi korban atas cybercrime. Korban cybercrime mengalami berupa kerugian materi, akibat psikologis akibat fisik dan akibat sosial. Viktimisasi cybercrime dapat dijelaskan dengan The Lifestyle-Routine Activities Theory (L-RAT). Perlindungan hukum korban cybercrime mendasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 Atas Perubahan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik dapat dikatakan tidak terdapat perlindungan hukum secara signifikan dapat dirasakan oleh para korbannya Seharusnya terdapat sanksi berupa restitusi dan/atau pemberian kompensasi. Hal ini selaras dengan karakter masyarakat 5.0 yang lebih menghormati keberadaan manusia. ABSTRACTThe Industrial Era 4.0 and Society 5.0 have different characteristics and this has an impact on the types of victimization, especially those caused by cybercrime. This correlates with the characteristics of that era, including digitalization, intelligent engineering and the internet of things. Through library research, it can be explained from a victimological perspective that victims of cybercrime suffer losses in the form of material losses, psychological suffering, physical suffering and social suffering. Cybercrime victimization can be explained by the lifestyle-routine activities theory (L-RAT). The legal protection of cybercrime victims is based on Law Number 19 of 2016 on Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions and it can be said that there is no significant legal protection that can be felt by the victims. There should be sanctions in the form of restitution and/or compensation. This corresponds to the nature of society 5.0 which is more respectful of human existence.
Experiencia vivida del adulto mayor en la nueva normalidad después del aislamiento por COVID-19
Authors: Guerrero Castañeda Raúl Fernando , Acevedo Patiño Karen Cristina , González Almanza Mariana , Sánchez Cisneros Schoemstatt Michelle , Chávez Palmerín Sarai 
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Comprender la experiencia vivida del adulto mayor en la nueva normalidad después del aislamiento por COVID-19. Método: Estudio cualitativo fenomenológico, se llevó a cabo de agosto 2021 a junio 2022 en Guanajuato, México; los criterios de selección fueron: adulto mayor de 60 años, que haya retomado sus actividades luego del aislamiento y que estuvieran vacunados contra COVID-19. Muestreo por bola de nieve con 9 participantes por criterio de saturación de información. Colecta de datos a través de entrevista fenomenológica, audio-grabada. Se realizó análisis fenomenológico con método de Van Manen, se respetaron los principios éticos de acuerdo con la Ley General de Salud en Materia de Investigación para la Salud, los participantes emitieron su consentimiento informado. Resultados principales: Emergieron los siguientes temas: Vivencia emocional al regreso; Influencia de COVID-19 y temor en el retorno a su vida cotidiana; Cambios rutinarios en la vida del adulto mayor adaptados a la nueva normalidad; Autocuidado cotidiano. Los adultos mayores destacaron la importancia del cuidado, pero también de adaptarse a las nuevas recomendaciones emitidas a partir de la presencialidad. Conclusiones generales: El retorno a la nueva normalidad posterior a la pandemia por COVID-19 en los adultos mayores estuvo marcado por diversas emociones, por un lado, la alegría y por otro el persistente temor al contagio, sin embargo, también se pudo evidenciar el cambio en la rutina y el autocuidado cotidiano.
Komposisi Kimia Pupuk Kompos dari Limbah Padat Rumah Potong Hewan Tamangapa Kota Makassar
Authors: Hartono Hartono , Nur Surahman , Jumadi Oslan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Slaughterhouses (RPH) produce large amounts of solid waste every day and have not been utilized optimally. RPH solid waste has great potential to be used as plant fertilizer through the composting process. Composting is expected to change the organic material composition of the abattoir solid waste to be more ideal to support plant growth. This study aims to determine the chemical composition of compost made from waste at RPH Tamangapa Makassar City before and after the composting process. Composting from solid waste at Tamangapa RPH Makassar was carried out using the main ingredients, namely rumen contents (treatment I) and rumen contents mixed with livestock manure in a ratio of 1:1 (Treatment II). The composting process was carried out in a compost box with a size of 40x40x60 cm with a passive aeration system for 4 weeks with three replications. Quantitative data tested in this study included the content of N-total (%), C-Organic (%), P-total (%), K-total (%), C/N ratio, organic matter (%), water content (%) and compost reduction (%). The results showed that the content of elements C, N, P, K, C/N ratio, organic matter, and water content before composting in both treatment I and treatment II were generally still low and almost the same as the raw materials. After the composting process took place, the content of C, P, K, C/N ratios generally showed an increase, while the N content was relatively constant. The results of the analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the chemical composition of the compost in the treatment and both before and after the composting process.Keywords: RPH solid waste, composting process, chemical composition of compost, C/N ratio.