bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyst size variability in invasive American Artemia franciscana Kellogg, 1906 (Branchiopoda, Anostraca) in Asia: a commercial approach
Authors: Wu Xiao-Fang , Shen Chun-Yang , Fu Chun-Zheng , Yang Ning , Wang Pei-Zheng , Eimanifar Amin , Asem Alireza 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Artemia is the most common live food that is used in aquaculture worldwide. This study reports on biometrical variation in the cysts of the introduced, originally American Artemia franciscana from 24 non-native localities and two native habitats, in Asia and the U.S.A., respectively. The results show, that the largest diameter of untreated cysts, the largest diameter of decapsulated cysts, and a thicker chorion usually are found in invasive populations. Because of the small cysts, which have an effect on an increasing quantity per unit weight and thus could be the cause of increased hatching efficiency, commercial productions of A. franciscana cysts from native sources should potentially be considered higher quality than productions from non-indigenous environments. Principal Component Analysis revealed that all cyst batches from San Francisco Bay were classified in one group and most of the invasive populations could be arranged in another, separate group. Although the diameter of the decapsulated cyst and chorion thickness showed a negative and significant correlation among invasive populations, there was no significant relationship within native populations. These observations contrast with biometrical patterns of parthenogenetic populations.
Further records of the anchialine shrimp Caridina rubella Fujino & Shokita, 1975 (Decapoda, Atyidae)
Authors: De Grave Sammy , Iliffe Thomas M. , Christodoulou Magdalini 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Based on material collected during the mid- to late 1980s new distributional records for the anchialine shrimp, Caridina rubella Fujino & Shokita, 1975 are presented. Asides from the Ryukyus, Palawan and Sulawesi, the species is now also recorded from Tahiti, Niue, Tonga, Western Samoa, the Loyalty Islands, Solomon Islands, Bohol and Panglao. Attention is drawn to the considerable rostral variation in the species.
Community structure of zooplankton during the southwest-northeast monsoon transition period in the southeastern East China Sea
Authors: Tseng Li-Chun , Molinero Juan Carlos , Chen Qing-Chao , Hwang Jiang-Shiou 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The assessment of zooplankton spatial structure is critical to quantifying plankton production and biochemical cycling. Here, we show the effect of monsoon-driven hydrographic changes on the spatial patterns of zooplankton at regional scales. Based on a field survey conducted during the monsoon transition, we assess the community structure and ash-free dry weight above 100 m depth in the Kuroshio edge area, southeastern East China Sea. The zooplankton community was dominated by copepods, with calanoids as the most abundant taxon followed by poecilostomatoids. Copepod assemblages comprised 81 species belonging to 41 families, and 23 genera, with Undinula vulgaris as the most abundant species. The richness of zooplankton taxa showed a mounting trend from the coast to offshore, which was opposite to the spatial variation of total zooplankton biomass. Our results suggest a leading influence of the Kuroshio Current during the southwest-northeast monsoon transition period in the southeastern East China Sea.
Global Norm Diffusion of LGBTI Diplomacy
Authors: Rainer Elise 
Published: August 2022

Summary
This article examines the genesis of LGBTI diplomacy across ministries of foreign affairs (MFA s). Examining primarily Sweden and the United States, insights are provided into early LGBTI diplomatic adoption in the 2000 s. It analyses how foreign policy leaders have peer-pressured, inspired and influenced another, and continue to do so, to include LGBTI rights into their foreign policy agendas. As a former US diplomat and scholar, the author utilises primary source data and high-level interviews from the US, Sweden and the EU. Findings indicate that Swedish diplomats played a unique role in norm entrepreneurship in the development of global LGBTI diplomacy. Diplomats across North America and the EU replicated Sweden’s policy framing and programmatic strategies for global LGBTI rights. From the State Department side, once US diplomats joined the small community of nations engaged in LGBTI diplomacy, US political influence served to legitimise and further prioritise LGBTI rights across global institutions.
The Italian Legislative Procedure During the Pandemic Emergency, the National Recovery and Resilience Plan and the Reform of Parliamentary Rules of Procedure
Authors: Bartolucci Luca , Gianniti Luigi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The paper analyzes the Italian legislative procedure during the pandemic, as well as its deterioration and some of the practices that characterized it. Furthermore, it takes into consideration the legislative procedure envisaged in the Italian National Recovery and Resilience Plan and some possible reforms of parliamentary rules of procedure.
A Regime Diagram for Internal Lee Waves in Coastal Plain Estuaries
Authors: Li Renjian , Li Ming 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Using an idealized channel representative of a coastal plain estuary, we conducted numerical simulations to investigate the generation of internal lee waves by lateral circulation. It is shown that the lee waves can be generated across all salinity regimes in an estuary. Since the lateral currents are usually subcritical with respect to the lowest mode, mode-2 lee waves are most prevalent but a hydraulic jump may develop during the transition to subcritical flows in the deep channel, producing high energy dissipation and strong mixing. Unlike flows over a sill, stratified water in the deep channel may become stagnant such that a mode-1 depression wave can form higher up in the water column. With the lee wave Froude number above 1 and the intrinsic wave frequency between the inertial and buoyancy frequency, the lee waves generated in coastal plain estuaries are nonlinear waves with the wave amplitude Δh scaling approximately with , where V is the maximum lateral flow velocity and is the buoyancy frequency. The model results are summarized using the estuarine classification diagram based on the freshwater Froude number Frf and the mixing parameter M. The Δh decreases with increasing Frf as stronger stratification suppresses waves, and no internal waves are generated at large Frf. The Δh initially increases with increasing M as the lateral flows become stronger with stronger tidal currents, but decreases or saturates to a certain amplitude as M further increases. This modeling study suggests that lee waves can be generated over a wide range of estuarine conditions.
Climate–Urban Nexus: A Study of Vulnerable Women in Urban Areas of KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa
Authors: Hlahla Sithabile , Simatele Mulala Danny , Hill Trevor , Mabhaudhi Tafadzwanashe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The changes in climatic conditions and their associated impacts are contributing to a worsening of existing gender inequalities and a heightening of women’s socioeconomic vulnerabilities in South Africa. Using data collected by research methods inspired by the tradition of participatory appraisals, we systematically discuss the impacts of climate change on marginalized women and the ways in which they are actively responding to climate challenges and building their adaptive capacity and resilience in the urban areas of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. We argue that changes in climate have both direct and indirect negative impacts on women’s livelihoods and well-being. Less than one-half (37%) of the women reported implementing locally developed coping mechanisms to minimize the impacts of climate-related events, whereas 63% reported lacking any form of formal safety nets to deploy and reduce the impacts of climate-induced shocks and stresses. The lack of proactive and gender-sensitive local climate change policies and strategies creates socioeconomic and political barriers that limit the meaningful participation of women in issues that affect them and marginalize them in the climate change discourses and decision-making processes, thereby hampering their efforts to adapt and reduce existing vulnerabilities. Thus, we advocate for the creation of an enabling environment to develop and adopt progendered, cost-effective, transformative, and sustainable climate change policies and adaptation strategies that are responsive to the needs of vulnerable groups (women) of people in society. This will serve to build their adaptive capacity and resilience to climate variability and climate change–related risks and hazards.
Radiomic-signature changes after early treatment improve the prediction of progression-free survival in patients with advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Hou Donghui , Zheng Xiaomin , Song Wei , Liu Xiaoqing , Wang Sicong , Zhou Lina , Tao Xiuli , Lv Lv , Sun Qi , Jin Yujing , Zhang Zewei , Ding Lieming , Wu Ning , Zhao Shijun 
Published: August 2022

Background The prognosis of lung cancer varies widely, even in cases wherein the tumor stage, genetic mutation, and treatment regimens are the same. Thus, an effective means for risk stratification of patients with lung cancer is needed. Purpose To develop and validate a combined model for predicting progression-free survival and risk stratification in patients with advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with ensartinib. Material and Methods We analyzed 203 tumor lesions in 114 patients and evaluated average radiomic feature measures from all lesions at baseline and changes in these features after early treatment (Δradiomic features). Combined models were developed by integrating clinical with radiomic features. The prediction performance and clinical value of the proposed models were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis, calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Results Both the baseline and delta combined models achieved predictive efficacy with a high area under the curve. The calibration curve and DCA indicated the high accuracy and clinical usefulness of the combined models for tumor progression prediction. In the Kaplan–Meier analysis, the delta and baseline combined models, Δradiomic signature, and two selected clinical features could distinguish patients with a higher progression risk within 42 weeks. The delta combined model had the best performance. Conclusion The combination of clinical and radiomic features provided a prognostic value for survival and progression in patients with NSCLC receiving ensartinib. Radiomic-signature changes after early treatment could be more valuable than those at baseline alone.
Late effects in patients with mantle cell lymphoma treated with or without autologous stem cell transplantation
Authors: Ekberg Sara , Smedby Karin E. , Albertsson-Lindblad Alexandra , Jerkeman Mats , Weibull Caroline E. , Glimelius Ingrid 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Studies on late effects in patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) are becoming increasingly important as survival is improving, and novel targeted drugs are being introduced. However, knowledge about late effects is limited. The aim of this population-based study was to describe the magnitude and panorama of late effects among patients treated with or without high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation (HD-ASCT). The study cohort included all patients with MCL, recorded in the Swedish Lymphoma Register, aged 18 to 69 years, diagnosed between 2000 and 2014 (N = 620; treated with HD-ASCT, n = 247) and 1:10 matched healthy comparators. Patients and comparators were followed up via the National Patient Register and Cause of Death Register, from 12 months after diagnosis or matching to December 2017. Incidence rate ratios of the numbers of outpatient visits, hospitalizations, and bed days were estimated using negative binomial regression models. In relation to the matched comparators, the rate of specialist and hospital visits was significantly higher among patients with MCL. Patients with MCL had especially high relative risks of infectious, respiratory, and blood disorders. Within this observation period, no difference in the rate of these complications, including secondary neoplasms, was observed between patients treated with and without HD-ASCT. Most of the patients died from their lymphoma and not from another cause or treatment complication. Taken together, our results imply that most of the posttreatment health care needs are related to the lymphoma disease itself, thus, indicating the need for more efficient treatment options.
A gene expression assay based on chronic lymphocytic leukemia activation in the microenvironment to predict progression
Authors: Abrisqueta Pau , Medina Daniel , Villacampa Guillermo , Lu Junyan , Alcoceba Miguel , Carabia Julia , Boix Joan , Tazón-Vega Barbara , Iacoboni Gloria , Bobillo Sabela , Marín-Niebla Ana , González Marcos , Zenz Thorsten , Crespo Marta , Bosch Francesc 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSeveral gene expression profiles with a strong correlation with patient outcomes have been previously described in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), although their applicability as biomarkers in clinical practice has been particularly limited. Here we describe the training and validation of a gene expression signature for predicting early progression in patients with CLL based on the analysis of 200 genes related to microenvironment signaling on the NanoString platform. In the training cohort (n = 154), the CLL15 assay containing a 15-gene signature was associated with the time to first treatment (TtFT) (hazard ratio [HR], 2.83; 95% CI, 2.17-3.68; P &lt; .001). The prognostic value of the CLL15 score (HR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.15-2.52; P = .007) was further confirmed in an external independent validation cohort (n = 112). Notably, the CLL15 score improved the prognostic capacity over IGHV mutational status and the International Prognostic Score for asymptomatic early-stage (IPS-E) CLL. In multivariate analysis, the CLL15 score (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.32-2.56; P &lt; .001) and the IPS-E CLL (HR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.59-3.12; P &lt; .001) were independently associated with TtFT. The newly developed and validated CLL15 assay successfully translated previous gene signatures such as the microenvironment signaling into a new gene expression–based assay with prognostic implications in CLL.
Prioritization of cancer driver gene with prize-collecting steiner tree by introducing an edge weighted strategy in the personalized gene interaction network
Authors: Zhang Shao-Wu , Wang Zhen-Nan , Li Yan , Guo Wei-Feng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundCancer is a heterogeneous disease in which tumor genes cooperate as well as adapt and evolve to the changing conditions for individual patients. It is a meaningful task to discover the personalized cancer driver genes that can provide diagnosis and target drug for individual patients. However, most of existing methods mainly ranks potential personalized cancer driver genes by considering the patient-specific nodes information on the gene/protein interaction network. These methods ignore the personalized edge weight information in gene interaction network, leading to false positive results.ResultsIn this work, we presented a novel algorithm (called PDGPCS) to predict the Personalized cancer Driver Genes based on the Prize-Collecting Steiner tree model by considering the personalized edge weight information. PDGPCS first constructs the personalized weighted gene interaction network by integrating the personalized gene expression data and prior known gene/protein interaction network knowledge. Then the gene mutation data and pathway data are integrated to quantify the impact of each mutant gene on every dysregulated pathway with the prize-collecting Steiner tree model. Finally, according to the mutant gene’s aggregated impact score on all dysregulated pathways, the mutant genes are ranked for prioritizing the personalized cancer driver genes. Experimental results on four TCGA cancer datasets show that PDGPCS has better performance than other personalized driver gene prediction methods. In addition, we verified that the personalized edge weight of gene interaction network can improve the prediction performance.ConclusionsPDGPCS can more accurately identify the personalized driver genes and takes a step further toward personalized medicine and treatment. The source code of PDGPCS can be freely downloaded fromhttps://github.com/NWPU-903PR/PDGPCS.
Sedative effect of remimazolam combined with alfentanil in colonoscopic polypectomy: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Xin Yueyang , Chu Tiantian , Wang Jinxu , Xu Aijun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Remimazolam is a newer benzodiazepine with properties of rapid onset, short duration of action, and fast recovery. Our study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of remimazolam combined with alfentanil in colonoscopic polypectomy.

Methods
One hundred twenty patients were randomly divided into four groups: alfentanil and propofol (AP) group, alfentanil and remimazolam 0.1 mg/kg (AR1 group), 0.15 mg/kg (AR2 group), or 0.2 mg/kg (AR3 group). Patients in the four groups received alfentanil 10 μg/kg, followed by propofol 2 mg/kg and three dosages of remimazolam. Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation (MOAA/S) scale, heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate (RR), bispectral index (BIS) values and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were collected at intervals of 5 min and analyzed at different time points: before anesthesia (T0), 5 min (T1), 10 min (T2), 15 min after anesthesia (T3) and at the end of surgery (T4). The average MAP was calculated utilizing the average of all MAP values. The primary outcome was the success rate of sedation. Secondary outcomes included time to full alert and adverse events.

Results
The success rate of sedation was 100% among the four groups. The incidence of hypotension was significantly decreased (all P < 0.05) and the average MAP was higher in AR1-AR3 groups than AP group (all P < 0.001). None of the patients developed bradycardia or hypertension during surgery in all study groups. BIS values were higher (all P < 0.001) and the time to full alert was statistically shorter in AR1-AR3 groups (all P < 0.05) compared with the AP group. The MOAA/S score in AR1 was higher than AR2 (P < 0.05) and the AR3 group (P < 0.05) at T1 and BIS values in the AR1 group were significantly higher than AR3 group (P < 0.05) at T4.

Conclusions
Remimazolam combined with alfentanil have a non-inferior sedative effect than propofol during the colonoscopic polypectomy. Moreover, this combination of two short-acting drugs might be a safer alternative.

Trial registration
The clinical trial was registered on (16/05/2021, ChiCTR2100046492).
Efficacy of chitosan paste as intracanal medication against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans biofilm compared with calcium hydroxide in an in vitro root canal infection model
Authors: Thienngern Pasika , Panichuttra Anchana , Ratisoontorn Chootima , Aumnate Chuanchom , Matangkasombut Oranart 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans are frequently found in persistent endodontic infection and could remain in dentinal tubules despite intracanal medication with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), a commonly used medication. Thus, an effective and safe antimicrobial medication against such refractory infection is necessary in endodontic retreatment, so we aimed to test the efficacy of chitosan paste against these microorganisms compared with Ca(OH)2 in root canals of extracted human teeth.

Methods
Thirty-six sterilized human root samples prepared from extracted premolars and upper maxillary incisors were infected with E. faecalis for 14 days, while 32 were infected with C. albicans for 48 h, for mature biofilm formation. The samples were assigned to 6 groups of intracanal medications: Group 1: no medication (negative control); Group 2: 20% Polyethylene glycol (PEG); Group 3: 20% Propylene glycol (PG); Group 4: Ca(OH)2; Group 5: Chitosan + PEG; and Group 6: Chitosan + PG. After 7 days, intracanal surface dentin was harvested using Protaper next, resuspended, serially diluted and spread on Brain–Heart-Infusion agar (for E. faecalis) and Yeast Extract-Peptone-Dextrose agar (for C. albicans) for colony count. Antimicrobial efficacy was determined as percentage of remaining colony forming unit (CFUs) relative to negative control and analyzed using One-way ANOVA and post-hoc Games-Howell test. The significance level was set at 0.05.

Results
For E. faecalis, chitosan + PG had significantly higher antibacterial activity than Ca(OH)2 (P = 0.039). Chitosan + PEG and chitosan + PG medication significantly reduced viable bacteria compared with negative control, PEG and PG (P = 0.001, 0.003, 0.024, respectively for chitosan + PEG; P = 0.002, 0.003, 0.014, respectively for chitosan + PG). For C.albicans, chitosan + PEG and chitosan + PG were not significantly different from Ca(OH)2. However, Chitosan + PEG and chitosan + PG, but not Ca(OH)2, showed a significantly lower level of remaining CFUs compared with negative control (P = 0.013 and 0.005, respectively).

Conclusion
Chitosan paste showed better efficacy in reducing viable E. faecalis biofilm when compared to Ca(OH)2 after 7-day intracanal medication in this in vitro root canal model. It could also significantly reduce viable C. albicans, but was not significantly different from Ca(OH)2.
The impact of simulation-based mastery learning, booster session timing and clinical exposure on confidence in intercostal drain insertion: a survey of internal medicine trainees in Scotland
Authors: Kerins Joanne , McCully Elisabeth , Stirling Suzanne Anderson , Smith Samantha Eve , Tiernan James , Tallentire Victoria Ruth 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Intercostal chest drain (ICD) insertion is a skill that medical trainees lack confidence in performing. This study explores the impact of a national programme of Simulation-Based Mastery Learning (SBML) on procedural confidence, including the impact of time intervals between booster sessions and interim clinical experience.

Methods
Internal Medicine Trainees in Scotland were surveyed about confidence and clinical experience with ICD insertion before and immediately after SBML and booster session. Data were matched and analysed using paired sample t-tests. Short interval and long interval groups were compared using Student’s unpaired t-test. The impact of interim clinical experience was assessed using Analysis of Variance.

Results
Mean confidence in ICD insertion rose following SBML, fell between initial and booster session, and increased again following booster session (P =  < 0.001). 33 of 74 trainees had successfully inserted an ICD between sessions. Fall in confidence was unaffected by the time interval between training sessions, but was mitigated by interim clinical experience.

Conclusions
SBML boosts trainee confidence in ICD insertion. However, there is evidence of confidence decay, possibly due to a lack of clinical experience between sessions. More research is needed to explore barriers to transfer of skills from simulated to real-world environments.