bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of prepulse amplitude and timing on the perception of an electrotactile pulse
Authors: Favero Jaspa D. , Luck Camilla , Lipp Ottmar V. , Marinovic Welber 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe perceived intensity of an intense stimulus as well as the startle reflex it elicits can both be reduced when preceded by a weak stimulus (prepulse). Both phenomena are used to characterise the processes of sensory gating in clinical and non-clinical populations. The latter phenomenon, startle prepulse inhibition (PPI), is conceptualised as a measure of pre-attentive sensorimotor gating due to its observation at short latencies. In contrast, the former, prepulse inhibition of perceived stimulus intensity (PPIPSI), is believed to involve higher-order cognitive processes (e.g., attention), which require longer latencies. Although conceptually distinct, PPIPSI is often studied using parameters that elicit maximal PPI, likely limiting what we can learn about sensory gating’s influence on conscious perception. Here, we tested an array of stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs; 0–602 ms) and prepulse intensities (0–3× perceptual threshold) to determine the time course and sensitivity to the intensity of electrotactile PPIPSI. Participants were required to compare an ‘unpleasant but not painful’ electric pulse to their left wrist that was presented alone with the same stimulus preceded by an electric prepulse, and report which pulse stimulus felt more intense. Using a 2× perceptual threshold prepulse, PPIPSI emerged as significant at SOAs from 162 to 602 ms. We conclude that evidence of electrotactile PPIPSI at SOAs of 162 ms or longer is consistent with gating of perception requiring higher-level processes, not measured by startle PPI. The possible role of attentional processes, stimuli intensity, modality-specific differences, and methods of investigating PPIPSI further are discussed.
Investigating the role of contextual cues and interhemispheric inhibitory mechanisms in response-selective stopping: a TMS study
Authors: Puri Rohan , St George Rebecca J. , Hinder Mark R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResponse-selective stopping requires cancellation of only one component of a multicomponent action. While research has investigated how delays to the continuing action components (“stopping interference”) can be attenuated by way of contextual cues of the specific stopping demands (“foreknowledge”), little is known of the underlying neural mechanisms. Twenty-seven, healthy, young adults undertook a multicomponent stop-signal task. For two thirds of trials, participants responded to an imperative (go) stimulus (IS) with simultaneous button presses using their left and right index fingers. For the remaining one third of trials, the IS was followed by a stop-signal requiring cancellation of only the left, or right, response. To manipulate foreknowledge of stopping demands, a cue preceded the IS that informed participants which hand might be required to stop (proactive) or provided no such information (reactive). Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) assessed corticospinal excitability (CSE) as well as short- and long-interval interhemispheric inhibition (SIHI, LIHI) between the primary motor cortices. Proactive cues reduced, but did not eliminate, stopping interference relative to the reactive condition. Relative to TMS measures at cue onset, decreases in CSE (both hands and both cue conditions) and LIHI (both hands, proactive condition only) were observed during movement preparation. During movement cancellation, LIHI reduction in the continuing hand was greater than that in the stopping hand and greater than LIHI reductions in both hands during execution of multicomponent responses. Our results indicate that foreknowledge attenuates stopping interference and provide evidence for a novel role of LIHI, mediated via prefrontal regions, in facilitating continuing action components.
Ethno-Religious Crises and Its Implications on Security and National Development in Nigeria
Authors: Adabembe Kehinde Oluwatoyin , Adedayo Adedeji Matthew 
Published: November 2022

There has been upsurge in the incidents of religious violence in Nigeria and to a large extent; the country is no longer safe for the citizens and the investors. Based on this premises, this paper x-rayed historical background to religious crises, causes of religious crises, religion and development, and the implications of religious crises on national development. Survey research method was used to asses this situation and empirical results were found. From these results, it was discovered that, religion was the genesis of ethno- political crisis that infiltrates the present day Nigeria. This paper posits that religion which is supposed to be a unifying factor has contributed immensely to division, acrimony and all sorts of evil that permeates our contemporary Nigeria. However, it was noted in the paper that, many of the crises considered to be religious crises in Nigeria were actually political and tribal crises. To stem the tide of religious violence in Nigeria will be a herculean task because; the country is a fertile land for all forms of religion fundamentalists. Also, religion has been politicized in the county despite the fact that the country is a secular state. Finally, this work posits that, religious crises run counter to the tenets, teachings and ethical values of the three major religions which are in practice in the country. Meanwhile, religious fanatics and fundamentalists who originated and still promote religious crises in Nigeria violate religious tenets, ethical codes and teachings from the holy books. This paper concludes that, religious leaders as a result of their influence on the adherents must intensify efforts in sensitizing them on the dangers of crises in the country. Equally, religious leaders should desist from being an instrument of destruction in the hands of the political leaders.
Staging Oriental Delegations at the Habsburg Imperial Court in Prague (1600-1610)
Authors: Horníčková Kateřina , Šroněk Michal 
Published: November 2022

Between 1600 and 1610-in the time when Prague was an imperial seat of Rudolph II of Habsburg -the city experienced an unusual viewing of several festive entries of foreigner legacies. In 1600, 1604 and 1609 three Persian delegations reached the Prague court in an attempt to coordinate military actions against the Ottomans. This gave an opportunity for a staged presentation of the court and city to the exotically-looking visitors. In return, Prague citizens, and particularly the nobles and the officials, had several opportunities to view, encounter and entertain the members of the legacies, who took an active part in Prague life. Their engagement sprung a number of textual and visual documents that testify to the interest of the European artists. The mixture of elements of the European festive culture merged with splendour, exotic garments and gifts of the oriental Islamic culture gave these meetings a particular character that reaffirmed the status of Prague as the imperial residence and capital city. The embassies’ adventi and receptions were an opportunity for festive trains moving through the urban and court space of Prague, with the routes and design of stops, landmarks, and architecture used as their symbolical framing.
Vascular neoplasia masquerading as cellulitis and persistent hemorrhagic pericardial effusion
Authors: Thangaraju Sharan , Relan Jay , Sinha Aditi , Arava Sudheer Kumar , Khanna Neena , Raju Sreenivasa Narayana 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Tufted angioma and kaposiform hemangioendothelioma are considered to represent two ends of the spectrum of benign vascular neoplasms that predominantly present during infancy or early childhood. We report a rare case of a 5-month-old infant with complicated vascular neoplasm involving the pericardial cavity and skin over cervical region, masquerading as infective pericarditis with cellulitis. The patient responded dramatically to therapy with oral prednisolone and sirolimus, with a significant reduction of size of skin lesions and complete resolution of pericardial effusion over 8 weeks. The report also highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary team in managing such complicated cases.
Unusual cause of tricuspid valve obstruction after surgical aortic valve replacement
Authors: Yerram Sreekanth , Dev Tella Ramakrishna , Bhyravavajhala Srinivas 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Unruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm can present with manifestations due to local compression or protrusion into the chambers. Right ventricular inflow obstruction is a rare manifestation. This image highlights the tricuspid valve obstruction due to a Valsalva aneurysm in a patient after surgical aortic valve replacement.
An unusual cause of heart failure in postoperative tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Singh Gurbhej , Gopalakrishnan Arun , Sivasankaran Sivasubramonian 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The long-term results of transatrial transpulmonary tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair have been excellent. Progressive pulmonary regurgitation and consequent right ventricular (RV) dilatation are the most common long-term sequel of definitive repair in childhood. Overt systemic venous congestion after TOF repair is limited to the rare setting where RV dysfunction sets in due to deferred surgery or progressive arrhythmia. Here, we report a unique case of right heart failure from an unexpected etiology, 28 years after TOF repair. Cardiac catheterization confirmed findings of elevated right heart pressures. Magnetic resonance imaging showed obliteration of the RV apex with late gadolinium enhancement of the right ventricular apical endomyocardium.
A rare cause of ischemic heart failure in a neonate
Authors: AlAwadhi Zainab , Abraham Deepu , Oswal Nilesh , Kasem Mohamed 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Herein, we present a case of ischemic heart failure that occurred immediately after birth in a neonate due to coronary artery fistula (CAF) from the left main coronary artery to the left atrial appendage associated with high pulmonary artery pressure. Ischemic heart failure in a neonate with a structurally normal heart is rare. Furthermore, CAF resulting in ischemic heart failure is very rare in neonates. We believe that the small CAF caused symptoms during the first few days of life due to moderate pulmonary hypertension which resulted in a low cardiac output. The coronary perfusion improved after the normalization of the pulmonary blood pressure and improvement of the cardiac output. Echocardiography is helpful when a CAF is suspected and can be confirmed using a cardiac computed tomography scan. Small CAFs are unlikely to cause symptoms in infants, provided there are no other factors affecting the cardiac output status.
Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma nasal type simulating osteoradionecrosis with metachronic B lymphoma in the pelvis: Case report
Authors: Colín-Guadarrama Frida S. , Flores-Solano Violeta E. , Berenice-Rodríguez Argelia , Toral-Rizo Víctor H. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Extranodal Natural Killer/T Cell Lymphoma Nasal Type (EN-NK/T-CL-NT) is a non-Hodgkin extranodal lymphoma of unfavorable prognosis due to its aggressive nature. This neoplasm mainly affects the paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, oral cavity, palate, and rarely intestinal, gastric and skin regions. 50-year-old female with a history of lymphoma in nasal and pelvic region. At four years of tumors-free, has facial asymmetry, accompanied by sub-palpebral, nasal and lip edema. Intraoral examination revealed a large ulceration suggestive of osteoradionecrosis. Gum biopsy shows Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma Nasal Type (EN-NK/T-CL-NT). In this case we highlight the characteristics of EN-NK/T-CL-NT with a presentation of osteoradionecrosis-like. Unfortunately, the nature of this tumor led to the patient’s death. Clinical follow-up of patients with cancer is imperative to mend and/or decrease treatment complications, as well as to identify second primary tumors or the spread of the underlying disease.
Spectrum of renal vascular lesions among patients with lupus nephritis: An experience from a tertiary care center
Authors: Paul Madhumita , Addya Soma , Sengupta Moumita , Basu Keya , Roychowdhury Arpita , Bandopadhyay Manimoy 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Lupus nephritis (LN) is the assemblage of glomerular, tubulointerstitial and vascular changes. Despite the fact that glomerular changes are overemphasized in pathological classification and scoring system, but the existence of vascular damage negatively impact the clinical course.

Aims and Objective:
This study was conducted to determine the clinicopathological spectrum of renal vascular lesions in lupus nephritis.

Materials and Methods:
Renal microvascular lesions in biopsy proven lupus nephritis were classified into 5 major categories-thrombotic microangiopathy, true vasculitis; lupus vasculopathy, uncomplicated vascular immune deposits, and arterial. Clinical details, laboratory parameters and histopathological variables were compared among all groups. Summary of chronic changes was also assessed.

Results:
Biopsies from 56 patients revealed thrombotic microangiopathy (2), lupus vasculopathy (3), uncomplicated vascular immune deposit (6), PAN type vasculitis (1) and arterial sclerosis (13). No renal vascular lesions were found in 35.18% of patients. At the time of biopsy, arterial sclerosis or lupus vasculopathy patients were older Nephritis subtype. Activity indices were higher in lupus vasculopathy group whereas patients with arteriosclerosis showed highest chronicity index.

Conclusions:
Renal vascular lesions are common in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with nephritis and may be associated with aggressive clinical course.
Abdominal scar endometriosis: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Sharmila Vijayan , Kamatham Vandana , Shankaralingappa Arundhathi 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Endometriosis is defined as the presence of functioning endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Abdominal wall or cutaneous endometriomas are quite uncommon with an incidence of less than 1%. Abdominal wall endometrioma can occur in a previous surgical scar, commonly following obstetrical and gynecological surgeries. Cutaneous endometriosis is difficult to diagnose because of its nonspecific symptoms and is often confused with other dermatological and surgical diseases thereby delaying the diagnosis and management. We are reporting a case of scar endometriosis at the site of previous cesarean scar involving the rectus sheath. The pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare condition are being discussed. Awareness of the clinical features and presentation of this rare condition is essential for timely diagnosis and management.
Emerging trends in sexually transmitted diseases in a tertiary care center in Davangere, Karnataka
Authors: Anirudh M. , Sugareddy  , Sivuni Aishwarya , Rajashekhar Nadiga , Mangala H. C. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a public health challenge, and the epidemiological profile is variable by geographical region and distinct from that of other diseases. Accurate knowledge of emerging disease trends is crucial for formulating effective control strategies.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim and objective of this study were to identify the changing scenario and emerging trends of STDs in Davangere, Karnataka, by evaluating patients attending a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods:
A tertiary care-based retrospective study was conducted by analyzing the clinical records of the attendees presenting to the STD clinic at Chigateri General Hospital affiliated to JJM Medical College in Davangere, Karnataka, for a period of 5 years from January 2015 to December 2019. The collected data were analyzed and statistically compared with other studies.

Results:
Out of the 614 patients studied, the male-to-female ratio was 2:1, with 30–39 age groups being most affected. Eighty-eight percent of patients were married, with 36.64% giving a history of extramarital contact. Homosexual and bisexual contacts were observed to be 5.21% and 0.65%, respectively. Viral STDs affected nearly half of the patients (49.51%), followed by fungal (28.88%), bacterial (22.63%), and others (3.1%). The most common STD observed was herpes genitalis as seen in 101 (24.48%) patients, followed by candidal balanoposthitis (17.1%). Thirty-three (5.7%) patients were diagnosed with more than one STD. Of these patients, 13 were seropositive for HIV, resulting in a prevalence of 2.12%.

Conclusion:
The epidemiological profile of STDs is ever changing, and this study found an increase in viral and fungal STDs and downward trend of bacterial STDs comparable to that of studies from other regions.
A retrospective analysis of sexually transmitted infections among males presenting to a tertiary care hospital of India
Authors: Sethi Sunil , Sharma Nandita , Singh Charu , Chaudhry Hemant , Dadwal Rajneesh , Malhotra Sakshi , Gupta Vanita 
Published: November 2022

Context:
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are one of the most neglected diseases, leading to a high percentage of morbidity and mortality in India. The World Health Organization estimated that 20% of persons living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are in their 20s and one out of twenty adolescents contract an STI each year.

Aims:
The present study was conducted to study the characteristics of the pattern of STI in adult males and study the prevalence of various STIs among them.

Settings and Design:
This retrospective study was conducted by retrieving records of males presenting to STI laboratory of our tertiary care hospital between (April 2018 and December 2019).

Subjects and Methods:
The patients comprised high-risk group males, approached through nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and slum population visiting the dispensary attached to our institute. The age group of the patient included was between 0 and 85 years.

Results:
A total of 1023 males presented to our STI laboratory out of which 124 (12.12%) were symptomatic. The most common complaint was urethral irritation seen in 22.5%, followed by discharge in 9.6%. The most common sexually transmitted disease among symptomatic (34/124) as well as asymptomatic (172/899) men was syphilis showing a combined prevalence of 20% (206/1023). Out of 124 symptomatic patients, 29 (23.38%) complained of urethritis due to gonococcal infection. The association between the two was found to be significant (i.e., P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
STIs are a serious health problem in our country. Approximately 6% of the adult population have one or the other STI amounting to 30–35 million cases per year. An intensive study is the need of the hour which could help clinicians as well as microbiologists to control the spread of these infections.
Effectiveness of Abdominal Functional Electrical Stimulation for Improving Bowel Function in People With a Spinal Cord Injury: A Study Protocol for a Double-Blinded Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Allen Gabrielle M. , Palermo Anne E. , McNaughton Keith M.D. , Boswell-Ruys Claire L. , Lee Bonsan B. , Butler Jane E. , Gandevia Simon C. , McCaughey Euan J. 
Published: November 2022

Background
People with a spinal cord injury (SCI) have a high rate of bowel-related morbidity, even compared with people with other neurological disorders. These complications lower quality of life and place a financial burden on the health system. A noninvasive intervention that improves the bowel function of people with an SCI should reduce morbidity, improve quality of life, and lead to cost savings for health care providers.

Objectives
To investigate the effectiveness of noninvasive abdominal functional electrical stimulation (FES) for improving bowel function in people with a chronic SCI.

Methods
A prospective, double-blinded, 1:1 randomized, placebo-controlled intervention trial will be conducted with 80 adults with chronic SCI (&gt;12 months since injury) above T8 single neurological level. The intervention will be a 45-minute abdominal FES (or placebo) session, 3 days per week, for 6 weeks.

Main Study Parameters/Endpoints
Primary endpoint is whole gut transit time before and after 6 weeks of abdominal FES. Secondary endpoints measured before and after 6 weeks of abdominal FES are (1) colonic transit time; (2) quality of life (EQ-5D-5L); (3) participant-reported bowel function (International SCI Bowel Function Basic Data Set Questionnaire and visual analogue scale); (4) respiratory function (forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, peak expiratory flow, maximal inspiratory pressure, and maximal expiratory pressure); (5) bladder symptoms (Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Score); (6) daily bowel management diary; and (7) unplanned hospital visits.

Conclusion
Safety data will be collected, and a cost utility analysis using quality of life scores will be performed.

Trial registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12621000386831.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA, DISIPLIN KERJA, PENDIDIKAN DAN PENGALAMAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA BADAN KEPEGAWAIAN DAN DIKLAT DAERAH KABUPATEN JENEPONTO
Authors: Sri Sri Asfirawati Halik 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalis pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Disiplin Kerja, Pendidikan dan Pengalaman Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada Badan Kepegawaian dan Diklat Daerah Kabupaten Jeneponto.Populasi yang dijadikan sebagai target penelitian ini adalah pihak-pihak yang terkait dengan kinerja pegawai Badan Kepegawaian dan Diklat Daerah Kabupaten Jeneponto sejumlah 40 orang, dan seluruhnya menjadi responden dengan menggunakan model analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semua variabel, yakni : Motivasi Kerja, Disiplin Kerja, Pendidikan dan Pengalaman Kerja memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan secara simultan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada Badan Kepegawaian dan Diklat Daerah Kabupaten Jeneponto. Sedangkan secara parsial ditemukan bahwa faktor Motivasi Kerja yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan yang paling dominan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai