bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clean energy from renewable energy sources, Solar energy for a clean environment and A Case Study: Kars Harakani Airport Solar Power Plant for Kars province
Authors: Aydın Neslihan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, the total installation cost was calculated with the selection of solar panels (PV) to be used, Control Monitoring System, number of inverters when applying solar energy from renewable energy sources to Kars Airport in order to obtain a clean environment and clean energy. According to the latest two-year data obtained with the permission of the institution from Kars Harakani Airport Electricity Distribution, the total electricity consumption was calculated by the amount of electricity produced by the SPP project. In the continuation, the cost analysis tables are given when there is an overdraft and non-credit installation with the amortization time required for installation. For installation, statistical data on annual hours of sunshine and rainy days were taken from the General Directorate of Meteorology of Kars province. As a result of calculations; since the service life of a SPP project is 25 years; when the entire project is made without credit,the installation cost of TL 19,917,859.75 ($2.706.157,41) pays off in 4.5 years and the remaining amount of electricity sales earned in 20.5 years is 547,535,115. 02 TL ($74,391,336. 52 ) . It was found that when the entire loan was established, it paid off in 8 years. From these calculations, if the airport uses an overdraft system, it will pay off in about 8 years and the system will generate and sell its own electricity for 17 years . It was calculated that it would have a profit of 495.177.856,89 TL ($67,277,771. 92 ). For the non-credit SPP project,it was found that it will provide an added value of 547.535.115, 02 TL ($74,391,336. 52 ) to the institution, where it can pay off in 4.5 years and produce and sell its own electricity for 20.5 years.
Sunlight-driven nitrate loss records Antarctic surface mass balance
Authors: Akers Pete D. , Savarino Joël , Caillon Nicolas , Servettaz Aymeric P. M. , Meur Emmanuel Le , Magand Olivier , Martins Jean , Agosta Cécile , Crockford Peter , Kobayashi Kanon , Hattori Shohei , Curran Mark , Ommen Tas van , Jong Lenneke , Roberts Jason L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Standard proxies for reconstructing surface mass balance (SMB) in Antarctic ice cores are often inaccurate or coarsely resolved when applied to more complicated environments away from dome summits. Here, we propose an alternative SMB proxy based on photolytic fractionation of nitrogen isotopes in nitrate observed at 114 sites throughout East Antarctica. Applying this proxy approach to nitrate in a shallow core drilled at a moderate SMB site (Aurora Basin North), we reconstruct 700 years of SMB changes that agree well with changes estimated from ice core density and upstream surface topography. For the under-sampled transition zones between dome summits and the coast, this proxy can considerably expand our SMB records by providing high-resolution SMBs that better reflect the local environment and are easier to sample than existing techniques.One Sentence Summary: Nitrate isotopes offer a new way to track past and present changes in Antarctic snowfall and ice sheet mass balance.
A novel twelve-gene signature to evaluate neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and predict prognosis in breast cancer
Authors: Tang Peng , Wu Jin , Tian Yuan , Liao Bin , Wang Minghao , Liu Wei , Yan Yuzhao , Hu Ying , Zheng Hong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Accurate evaluation of the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) provides important information about systemic therapies for breast cancer, which implies tumor biology, prognosis, and guide further therapy. Gene profiles overcome many limitations observed with classic histopathological variables but are complicated and expensive. Therefore, it is essential to develop a more accurate, repeatable, and economical evaluation approach for neoadjuvant chemotherapy responses. Methods: We analyzed the transcriptional profiles of chemo-resistant breast cancer cell lines and tumors of chemo-resistant breast cancer patients in the GEO25066 dataset. We preliminarily screened out common significantly differentially expressed genes and constructed a NAC response risk model using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and univariate and multivariate analyses. The differences in prognosis, clinical features, tumor microenvironment components, and immune characteristics were compared between risk groups. The connectivity map (CMap) database was used to screen potential drugs that could reverse chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer. Results: Thirty-six genes were commonly overexpressed or downregulated in both NAC chemo-resistant tumors and cells compared to the sensitive tumors and wild-type cells. Through LASSO regression, we obtained a risk model composed of 12 genes. The risk model divided patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that the risk score can be used as an independent prognostic factor for evaluating NAC response in breast cancer. Tumors in the high-risk and low-risk groups showed significant differences in molecular biological characteristics, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and immunosuppressive molecule expression. Our results showed that the risk score was also an independent prognostic factor for breast cancer. Finally, we screened potential drugs that could reverse chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the novel signature of 12 genes could be used to evaluate NAC response and predict prognosis in breast cancer.
Clinical Phenotype of Filipino Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: 12-Year Study in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Borromeo Jasper Atillo , Collante Ma. Theresa , Bernal Christine 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune multi-systemic inflammatory disorder that starts at childhood in 10-20% of patients. There is paucity of reports of childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) from developing countries, with little data from Southeast Asia. The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical features at onset and disease manifestation patterns of Filipino patients with cSLE seen in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines.
Methods
This study included patients diagnosed with SLE (age of onset <18 years) seen in the Section of Rheumatology from 2008 to 2019. In-patient and out-patient clinic files of the study population were reviewed. Data collected included demographic profile as well as clinical and laboratory manifestations at initial presentation and during disease course.
Results
A total of 304 cases of cSLE were reviewed. Predominantly affected were females (89.1%). The median age at diagnosis was 13 years (range 3-18 years). The most common presenting features were fever (48.4%), anemia (45%), and arthralgia (40.1%). Predominantly affected systems at diagnosis were hematologic (56.9%), mucocutaneous (55.9%), musculoskeletal (43.4%), and renal (42.1%). Disease activity at diagnosis was generally high (average SLEDAI-2K 12.8). In terms of disease damage, the most common organ damage accrued were renal (20.7%), neuropsychiatric (8.6%), and musculoskeletal (4.6%). All patients were given corticosteroids and hydroxychloroquine, while the most common therapy used for renal disease was intravenous cyclophosphamide.
Conclusion
Among Filipino cSLE patients, the most common features at disease onset and diagnosis were fever, anemia, and arthralgia. Renal involvement occurs in 67.8% of patients throughout the disease course, and is the most predominantly affected in terms of disease damage. Clinical and laboratory features observed were relatively similar to cSLE patients from other series.
Deciphering Nickel-catalyzed Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis from Nitric Oxide
Authors: Zhao Siwen , Liu Jiyuan , Zhang Zhibin , Wang Qinghe , Zhu Chenyuan , Wu Jing , Yang Chunlei , Shi Guoshuai , Chang Mingwei , Liu Kaihui , Li Shuzhou , Zhang Liming 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Electrochemical conversion of nitric oxide (NO) to ammonia (NH3) is a highly attractive route to achieve artificial nitrogen fixation and rebalance the global nitrogen-circle. Yet today’s poor mechanistic understanding and unsatisfied selectivity towards NH3 curtails NOR ecologic prospects. Here, we screened a library of transition metals as electrocatalysts, in which non-noble Ni outperformed others at the top of a volcano-shaped plot. To further elucidate the active motifs, we rationally designed and fabricated five single-crystal Ni foils with various surface orientations as electrocatalysts, and observed higher conversion efficiencies on high-index facets. In particular, Ni(210) demonstrates a unique selectivity towards NH3 with a yield rate nearly two-folds higher than those of low-index facets. Under the guidance of density functional theory (DFT) calculation, the energy required for key intermediates switching from hollow to bridge sites in the rate-determining hydrogenation step, was established as a descriptor for the capability towards NH3 production. Our work guides the rational design of NOR electrocatalysts, and more importantly, establishes a paradigm to understand the structure-function correlation in catalysis.
Hypercapnic acidosis microenvironment promoted epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through activating ASIC3 in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Long Dingde , Fang Xingjun , Yuan Peihua , Li Hongtao , Qu Liangchao. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a major role in tumor invasion and metastasis, which is associated with poor survival in surgically resected lung cancer. Tumor microenvironment, especially extracellular acidity is a favorable factor for tumor progression and metastatic spread, and participates in EMT. However, the effects of Hypercapnic acidosis (HCA) microenvironment on EMT of lung cancer still unknown.Materials and Methods The acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) gene expression and prognostic value in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) were evaluated using online database. Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were cultured in 10% CO2 and 90% air for 48h to assess the effects of the HCA microenvironment. Transwell assay and wound-healing assay of A549 cells were performed to determine the effects on EMT.Results The mRNA expression levels of ASIC3 may be useful for prediction of lung cancer patient overall survival. The expression of ASIC3 significantly increased , and the invasive and migrate ability of A549 cells was promoted after exposing in HCA microenvironment (10% CO2 and 90% air), and inhibited when ASIC3 was blocked.Conclusion HCA microenvironment induced EMT in lung cancer cells through ASIC3, which may have influence on the FP and OS of lung cancer patients.
NCOA4 is a Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltrates in Glioblastoma
Authors: Liu Lingyu , Liu Yufei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant primary craniocerebral tumor with median survival of less than 15 months. Nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) can regulate the growth of various malignant tumors by participating in various biological processes. However, in glioblastoma, the specific regulatory role and mechanism of NCOA4 have not been clearly explained.Methods We collected GBM patient information from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The expression of NCOA4 in GBM and normal tissues and the relationship between NCOA4 and various clinicopathological features, further the enrichment pathway of NCOA4 as well as the relationship between NCOA4 and prognosis of patients and the NCOA4-related nomogram for patient survival were analyzed by various bioinformatic tools including Wilcoxon rank sum test, Logistic regression analysis, Gene ontology term analysis (GO), Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA), Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression comprehensively.Results Our study showed that NCOA4 was significantly overexpressed in GBM, and the higher the expression of NCOA4, the longer the survival. In order to further explore the potential role of NCOA4, we conducted enrichment analysis on NCOA4, established a NCOA4-related PPI network. We found that the expression of NCOA4 was negatively interrelated with the infiltration degree of NK CD56bright cells, and positively interrelated with the infiltration degree of mast cells, B cells, T cells, T helper cells. We created a Nomogram in order to predict the prognosis of patients with GBM.Conclusion High expression of NCOA4 is associated with better prognosis and is associated with immune cell infiltration in GBM.
Ensembling Deep Learning and Bioinformatics for Precision Treatment Recommendations: Application in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Meng Deyu , Wang Yaru , Guo Hongzhi , Wang Ziheng , Yang Guang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The most common kind of acute leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), has poor clinical outcomes and inadequate therapy. Although there are many therapies for AML, AML patients still have low 5-year overall survival rates. This study aimed to identify key genes and pathways of AML, to predict the prognosis of AML patients, A total of 133 upregulated DEGs and 15 downregulated DEGs were identified. They were enriched in protein binding, insulin secretion regulation, and cancer transcriptional misregulation. The module analysis of the PPI network of DEGs identified ten genes (PCLO, SYT1, STXBP1, GPHN, SYNCRIP, PFN2, ENAH, PAIP1, HNRNPD, STXBP5). SYT1 and PCLO were overexpressed in AML patients and have great potential as prognostic factors and therapeutic targets for AML. Further, by Deep learning, we combined other factors, including age, gender, past malignancy, and prior therapy, to inference whether patients will survive within 6 years by deep learning, the (Ctd)-index was greater than 80%, which indicates DeepHit model can reliably predict the prognosis of AML patients.
Simulated trends in land surface sensible heat flux on the Tibetan Plateau and the possible causes
Authors: Wang Shuzhou , Yuxin Liu , Ma Yaoming 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Characteristics of spatial distribution and variation of surface sensible heat (SH) flux on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) were studied using the simulation results from the Noah-MP land surface model for the period of 1985-2015. The inter-annual variations and possible causes were also analyzed. It is found that, the western and central TP witnessed much larger 31-yr mean SH fluxes than the eastern TP. Meanwhile, the inter-annual variations of SH fluxes on the central and western TP were larger than that on the eastern TP. All the regions showed a decreasing trend in SH flux from mid-1980s, but an increasing trend since the beginning of the 21st century. However, the eastern TP got the increasing trend later than the western and central TP. On the whole, the increasing trend began from about 2002. The western and central TP had larger values of Ts–Ta (difference between ground and air temperature) than the eastern TP. Overall, the trends of mean Ts–Ta and SH flux were similar to each other. The changes of mean Ts–Ta were the main causes of the decreasing and increasing trends in SH flux on the TP. Meanwhile, the changes of wind speed contributed a lot to the trends of SH flux before 1998. There were no clear trends in heat transfer coefficient CH.
Virus neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant BA.2 in those vaccinated with three doses of BNT162b2 or CoronaVac vaccines.
Authors: Peiris Malik , Cheng Samuel , Chan Karl , Luk Leo , Li John , Tsang Leo , Poon Leo , Mok Chris Ka Pun , Ng Susanna SS , Ko Fanny , Chen Chunke , Yiu Karen , Chan Ken , Hui David , Lam Bosco 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariant BA.2 is increasing in some areas of the world and it is important to assess how well current vaccines may protect against this infection. BioNTech Pfizer (BNT162b2) and CoronaVac are widely used COVID-19 vaccines globally. We determined the 50% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT50) and PRNT90 antibody titres to BA.2 virus in sera (twenty each collected 3-5 weeks after third dose) from cohorts vaccinated with three doses of BNT162b2, three doses of CoronaVac, two doses of CoronaVac followed by a third dose of BNT162b2 and those convalescent from SARS-CoV-2 (ancestral virus) (143-196 days after infection). We compared the PRNT titres to BA.2 with titres to BA.1 and ancestral virus. We demonstrate that PRNT50 and PRNT90 antibody titres to BA.2 are markedly reduced compared with those to ancestral virus and reduced as much as was observed for BA.1 virus. Those vaccinated with three doses of BNT162b2 or vaccinated with two doses of CoronaVac and a third dose of BNT162b2 develop PRNT antibody titres above the protective threshold from symptomatic infection. Those vaccinated with three doses of CoronaVac fail to achieve protective levels of PRNT50 antibody to BA.2 subvariant of Omicron 3-5 weeks after vaccination.
Comparative Analysis of the Chloroplast Genomes of a novel albino tea "Huabai 1" and the traditional albino tea "Huangjinya" for the revelation of the differences in the gene composition and their evolutionary relationship
Authors: zhao zhenjun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The chloroplast genomes of the newly discovered albino tea resource and albino tea variety "Huangjinya" were analyzed comparatively, and DNA barcodes were used to construct phylogenetic trees between albino tea and other plants in theaceae , aiming to clarify the genetic evolutionary relationship between the novel albino tea resource "Huabai 1" and albino tea variety "Huangjinya", other plants in theaceae from the perspective of chloroplast genome. Studies result have shown that the chloroplast genome size of "Huangjinya" and "Huabai 1" is 158,916 bp, 157,028 bp respectively, LSC (large single-copy)、SSC (small single-copy) and IR (inverted repeat) are 86,654 bp, 86,590 bp、18,277 bp, 16,463 bp, and 27,900 bp, 26,081 bp respectively for "Huangjinya" and "Huabai 1", with a total of 113 genes annotated were obtained in the chloroplast genome of both albino tea , these include 84 protein coding genes, 24 tRNA genes and 5 rRNA genes. GC content of chloroplast genome of "Huabai 1" was 37.3%, slightly higher than that of "Huangjinya" (37.22%). The gene composition, classification and codon preference (preferred to use codons ending in A/U) of chloroplast genome in "Huabai 1" were basically the same as that in "Huangjinya", but the main difference was the length of ycf1 fragment in IR region, the length of "Huabai 1" ycf1 fragment was only 987 bp, while that of "Huangjinya" was 2889 bp. The construction of phylogenetic tree was based on the four DNA barcodes ( matK , rbcL , trnH-psbA , and ycf1 ), and the results showed that ycf1 , with the most taxonomic levels, was most suitable for the identification of tea varieties and the interpretation of the evolution of genetic relationships among varieties. Ycf1 cluster showed that the relationship between "Huangjinya" and "Longjing 43" was closer, and that of "Huabai 1" and "Fuding Dabai" was closer. It is speculated that the two tea varieties "Huangjinya" and "Huabai1" may come from different ancestors, and thus led their quite different albino mechanism. This research will provide the basis for the revealing the albino molecular mechanism and phylogenetic development of the novel albino tea resource "Huabai 1".
A computational approach for molecular characterization of Covaxin (BBV152) and its ingredients for assessing its efficacy against COVID-19
Authors: Jena Atala B , Duttaroy Asim K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
SARS- CoV-2 vaccination is a life-saving strategy for the entire population living in this pandemic. A dozen vaccines against SARS- CoV-2 were developed and approved for the combat of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there are many concerns on all vaccines, particularly on the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of vaccines, such as Covaxin. Covaxin (a vaccine code-named BV152), an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. To address the concern outlined above, we explored the molecular and protein interactions between S protein, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and human serum albumin (HSA) with the ingredients of covaxin along with its drug-likeness property. The Autodock Vina shows stronger interactions of 2-phenoxyethanol, imidazoquinolinone (covaxin ingredients) with virus-cell surface S protein, human cell membrane receptor ACE2, and plasma albumin. The molecular and protein-protein interactions of S protein with ACE2 in the presence of 2-phenoxyethanol and imidazoquinolinone may affect the S protein function by reducing the binding energy between these proteins. Covaxin vaccine showed excellent efficacy in averting the virus and may result in herd immunity. As reported here, imidazoquinolinone, used as an ingredient of covaxin, may have the drug-likeness property based on pharmacokinetic and physicochemical parameters. However, the results should be interpreted with caution as there are limitations such as immune response and adverse effects after vaccination.
Stop Oversampling for Class Imbalance Learning: A Critical Review
Authors: Hassanat Ahmad B. , Tarawneh Ahmad S. , Altarawneh Ghada A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
For the last two decades, oversampling has been employed to overcome the challenge of learning from imbalanced datasets. Many approaches to solving this challenge have been offered in the literature. Oversampling, on the other hand, is a concern. That is, models trained on fictitious data may fail spectacularly when put to real-world problems. The fundamental difficulty with oversampling approaches is that, given a real-life population, the synthesized samples may not truly belong to the minority class. As a result, training a classifier on these samples while pretending they represent minority may result in incorrect predictions when the model is used in the real world. We analyzed a large number of oversampling methods in this paper and devised a new oversampling evaluation system based on hiding a number of majority examples and comparing them to those generated by the oversampling process. Based on our evaluation system, we ranked all these methods based on their incorrectly generated examples for comparison. Our experiments using more than 70 oversampling methods and three imbalanced real-world datasets reveal that all oversampling methods studied generate minority samples that are most likely to be majority. Given data and methods in hand, we argue that oversampling in its current forms and methodologies is unreliable for learning from class imbalanced data and should be avoided in real-world applications.