bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ekokardiografi pada Gagal Jantung
Authors: Rahmianti Nia Dyah , Trisna Ni Putu Alit 
Published: September 2022

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Clinical diagnosis of HF is often challenging because the symptoms and signs of HF are either too nonspecific or too infrequent. Echocardiography, given its safety, easy availability, and the ability to permit a comprehensive assessment of cardiac structure and function, is an indispensable tool in the evaluation and management of patients with heart failure (HF). It can also detect and define the hemodynamic and morphologic changes in HF over time and might be equivalent to invasive measures in guiding therapy. The early detection of heart failure has been facilitated by the assessment of global longitudinal strain, which is also useful in later heart failure for the assessment of left ventricular synchrony.The use of echocardiography has been associated with favorable outcomes, probably onthe basis of facilitation of appropriate therapy. Although the guidelines emphasize that no singletest satisfies all imaging requirements in heart failure, and other modalities can provide additional information about specific questions (especially tissue characterization), echocardiography is indispensable in the management of heart failure.
Program Home Visit sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kemampuan Literasi dan Numerasi Siswa SMP Negeri 2 Sumowono
Authors: Umi Astutik Nuskhatul Huwaida , Sufanti Main 
Published: September 2022

Pada September 2021, Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama akan segera mengikuti Asesmen Nasional (AN) sehingga salah satu tugas mahasiswa Kampus Mengajar yaitu membantu meningkatkan kemampuan literasi dan numerasi siswa. SMP Negeri 2 Sumowono merupakan salah satu sekolah sasaran Kampus Mengajar Angkatan 2 yang terletak di daerah 3T, tepatnya di daerah pegunungan. Salah satu program mahasiswa kampus mengajar pada sekolah ini adalah program Home Visit. Tujuan program tersebut memberikan pendampingan belajar siswa kelas VIII dalam meningkatkan literasi dan numerasi siswa calon peserta Asesmen Nasional (AN). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan. Hasil pendampingan belajar menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar siswa ditandai dengan rata-rata nilai siswa setelah mendapatkan pendampingan belajar melalui program Home Visit mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kemampuan literasi dan numerasi. Pelaksanaan Home Visit menggunakan beberapa metode pembelajaran diantaranya, Penggunaan metode diskusi untuk literasi dan metode jarimatika untuk numerasi. Penggunaan metode ini efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan belajar siswa.
Polymorphism for Interleukin-4 (-590 C/T) Promoter: Non-Association with Endometriosis
Authors: Hairunisyah Rika , Fatimah Siti 
Published: September 2022

Endometriosis is a benign gynecological disorder that often occurs in women of reproductive age, usually characterized by endometrial epithelium and stroma outside their usual location. It is estimated that this disease affects 56% of women worldwide. Various types of cytokines are associated with endometriosis, including interleukin IL-4, which inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines that stimulate active B cells and T cell proliferation, the differentiation of B cells into plasma cells. Il-4 promoter region polymorphism (-590C/T) is involved in genetic susceptibility to endometriosis. This study aims to determine whether Gen IL-4 (-590C/T) polymorphism indicates endometriosis. This study is an analytical observational study conducted at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Palembang City in August 2021, with the approach of Case-Control study. There were 70 samples divided into two groups, namely 35 cases and 35 controls. Determination of genotypes and alleles using PCR-RFLP and chi-square analyzed data to determine the relationship. The results showed no significant difference. The genomorphism of the Interleukin-4(-590C/T) gene cannot be used to indicate endometriosis susceptibility.
Molecular Pathogenesis of Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Current Understanding and Potential Treatment Implications
Authors: Keller Brian A. , Pastukhova Elena , Lo Bryan , Sekhon Harman S. , Flood Trevor A. 
Published: September 2022

Context.—
Penile squamous cell carcinomas (PSCCs) are divided into tumors that are human papillomavirus (HPV) associated and those that are non–HPV associated. HPV and non-HPV PSCCs each display unique pathogenic mechanisms, histologic subtypes, and clinical behaviors. Treatment of localized PSCC tumors is linked to significant physical and psychological morbidity, and management of advanced disease is often treatment refractory. The identification of novel actionable mutations is of critical importance so that translational scientists and clinicians alike can pursue additional therapeutic options.

Objective.—
To provide an update on the molecular pathogenesis associated with PSCC. A special emphasis is placed on next-generation sequencing data and its role in identifying potential therapeutic targets.

Data Sources.—
A literature review using the PubMed search engine to access peer-reviewed literature published on PSCC.

Conclusions.—
Our understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms that underlie PSCC pathogenesis continues to evolve. PSCC tumorigenesis is mediated by multiple pathways, and mutations of oncogenic significance have been identified that may represent targets for personalized therapy. Preliminary results of treatment with immune checkpoint inhibition and tyrosine kinase inhibitors have produced variable clinical results. Further insight into the pathogenesis of PSCC will help guide clinical trials and develop additional precision medicine approaches.
Population dynamics and resource availability drive seasonal shifts in the consumptive and competitive impacts of introduced house mice (Mus musculus) on an island ecosystem
Authors: Polito Michael J. , Robinson Bret , Warzybok Pete , Bradley Russell W. 
Published: September 2022

Background
House mice (Mus musculus) are widespread and invasive on many islands where they can have both direct and indirect impacts on native ecological communities. Given their opportunistic, omnivorous nature the consumptive and competitive impacts of house mice on islands have the potential to vary over time in concert with resource availability and mouse population dynamics.

Methods
We examined the ecological niche of invasive house mice on Southeast Farallon Island, California, USA using a combination of mouse trapping, food resource surveys, and stable isotope analysis to better understand their trophic interactions with native flora and fauna. Specifically, we coupled the analysis of seasonal variation in resource availability over a 17-year period (2001–2017), carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotope values of mouse tissue and prey resources in a single year (2013), and isotopic niche and mixing models to quantify seasonal variation in mouse diets and the potential for resource overlap with native species.

Results
We found that plants were the most important resource for house mice during the spring months when vegetation is abundant and mouse populations are low following heavy precipitation and declines in mouse abundance during the winter. While still consumed, plants declined in dietary importance throughout the summer and fall as mouse populations increased, and seabird and arthropod resources became relatively more available and consumed by house mice. Mouse abundance peaks and other resource availability are low on the island in the fall months when the isotopic niches of house mice and salamanders overlap significantly indicating the potential for competition, most likely for arthropod prey.

Discussion
Our results indicate how seasonal shifts in both mouse abundance and resource availability are key factors that mediate the consumptive and competitive impacts of introduced house mice on this island ecosystem. As mice consume and/or compete with a wide range of native taxa, eradication has the potential to provide wide-reaching restoration benefits on Southeast Farallon Island. Post-eradication monitoring focused on plant, terrestrial invertebrate, salamander, and seabird populations will be crucial to confirm these predictions.
Cultivation has selected for a wider niche and large range shifts in maize
Authors: Yang Rujing , Cao Runyao , Gong Xiang , Feng Jianmeng 
Published: September 2022

Background
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a staple crop cultivated on a global scale. However, its ability to feed the rapidly growing human population may be impaired by climate change, especially if it has low climatic niche and range lability. One important question requiring clarification is therefore whether maize shows high niche and range lability.

Methods
We used the COUE scheme (a unified terminology representing niche centroid shift, overlap, unfilling and expansion) and species distribution models to study the niche and range changes between maize and its wild progenitors using occurrence records of maize, lowland teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis) and highland teosinte (Zea mays ssp. mexicana), respectively, as well as explore the mechanisms underlying the niche and range changes.

Results
In contrast to maize in Mexico, maize did not conserve its niche inherited from lowland and highland teosinte at the global scale. The niche breadth of maize at the global scale was wider than that of its wild progenitors (ca. 5.21 and 3.53 times wider compared with lowland and highland teosinte, respectively). Compared with its wild progenitors, maize at global scale can survive in regions with colder, wetter climatic conditions, as well as with wider ranges of climatic variables (ca. 4.51 and 2.40 times wider compared with lowland and highland teosinte, respectively). The niche changes of maize were largely driven by human introduction and cultivation, which have exposed maize to climatic conditions different from those experienced by its wild progenitors. Small changes in niche breadth had large effects on the magnitude of range shifts; changes in niche breadth thus merit increased attention.

Discussion
Our results demonstrate that maize shows wide climatic niche and range lability, and this substantially expanded its realized niche and potential range. Our findings also suggest that niche and range shifts probably triggered by natural and artificial selection in cultivation may enable maize to become a global staple crop to feed the growing population and adapting to changing climatic conditions. Future analyses are needed to determine the limits of the novel conditions that maize can tolerate, especially relative to projected climate change.
The model of gravitational flows through a single opening
Authors: Hosoi Akinori 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe proposed new basic equations and the approximate model for gravitational ventilation through a single openingm which can be incorporated into a ventilation network analysis. The new basic equations are the mass flow balance and the conversion equations of pressure difference and dynamic pressure at an indoor‐outdoor boundary. In order to calculate the mass flow rate by gravitational ventilation using these equations, the following two values at the boundary are required: (1) windward speed, (2) temperature profile. 1. We have shown calculation methods based on the one‐dimensional flow for (1), and used a flow tube model for (2). 2. The neutral pressure level and the inflow‐outflow wind speed can be obtained by steady‐state analysis of basic equations. The coefficients that optimize the calculation results were also shown. 3. We compared the approximate model with the CFD and verified their validity. Finally, the basic characteristics of single‐opening gravitational ventilation were discussed.
Remyelination varies between and within lesions in multiple sclerosis following bexarotene
Authors: Brown J. William L. , Prados Ferran , Altmann Daniel R. , Kanber Baris , Stutters Jonathan , Cunniffe Nick G. , Jones Joanne L. , Georgieva Zoya G. , Needham Edward J. , Daruwalla Cyrus , Wheeler‐Kingshott Claudia Gandini , Connick Peter , Chandran Siddharthan , Franklin Robin , MacManus David , Samson Rebecca , Coles Alasdair , Chard Declan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveIn multiple sclerosis chronic demyelination is associated with axonal loss, and ultimately contributes to irreversible progressive disability. Enhancing remyelination may slow, or even reverse, disability. We recently trialled bexarotene versus placebo in 49 people with multiple sclerosis. While the primary MRI outcome was negative, there was converging neurophysiological and MRI evidence of efficacy. Multiple factors influence lesion remyelination. In this study we undertook a systematic exploratory analysis to determine whether treatment response – measured by change in magnetisation transfer ratio – is influenced by location (tissue type and proximity to CSF) or the degree of abnormality (using baseline magnetisation transfer ratio and T1 values).MethodsWe examined treatment effects at the whole lesion level, the lesion component level (core, rim and perilesional tissues) and at the individual lesion voxel level.ResultsAt the whole lesion level, significant treatment effects were seen in GM but not WM lesions. Voxel‐level analyses detected significant treatment effects in WM lesion voxels with the lowest baseline MTR, and uncovered gradients of treatment effect in both WM and CGM lesional voxels, suggesting that treatment effects were lower near CSF spaces. Finally, larger treatment effects were seen in the outer and surrounding components of GM lesions compared to inner cores.InterpretationRemyelination varies markedly within and between lesions. The greater remyelinating effect in GM lesions is congruent with neuropathological observations. For future remyelination trials, whole GM lesion measures require less complex post‐processing compared to WM lesions (which require voxel level analyses) and markedly reduce sample sizes.
Multi‐dimensional Self‐splitting Behaviors for Improving Wet Attachment on Nonuniform Bioinspired Pillar Surface
Authors: Zhang Liwen , Guo Yurun , Wang Yan , Liang Jing , Zhou Yu , Liu Xiaolin , Zhang Deyuan , Chen Huawei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRobust and controllable wet attachment like tree frog toe pads attracts worldwide attention owing to potential applications in wet climbing robots, medical devices, and wearable sensors. Instead of conventional uniform pillars, nonuniform pillar arrays with features of inclination and gradients are discovered as typical structures on tree frog toe pads, whereas their effects on wet friction have been ignored. Micro‐nano in situ observation demonstrates that such a nonuniform pillar surface brings about unique multi‐dimensional self‐splitting behaviors in interfacial liquid films and contact stress distribution to enhance the wet attachment. The self‐splitting of the interfacial liquid film breaks the thick large area liquid film into an immense number of more uniform and robust tiny thin liquid bridges. Furthermore, the contact stress is redistributed by the inclined and gradient pillar array with contact stress self‐splitting, where the peak normal separating stress decreases ≈91% and lateral stress transmission increases ≈63%. Such contact stress self‐splitting further improves the liquid film self‐splitting by forming sturdy thin liquid films even under a larger load, which generates more robust capillarity with enhanced strong friction. Finally, theoretical models are built for the multi‐dimensional self‐splitting enhanced wet attachment, and applications in robotic and medical fields are performed to validate its feasibility.
Tumor Response and NIR‐II Photonic Thermal Co‐Enhanced Catalytic Therapy Based on Single‐Atom Manganese Nanozyme
Authors: Ye Jin , Lv Wubin , Li Chunsheng , Liu Shuang , Yang Xing , Zhang Jiangwei , Wang Chen , Xu Jiating , Jin Guanqiao , Li Bin , Fu Yujie , Liang Xinqiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSingle‐atom nanozymes (SAzymes) can effectively mimic the metal active centers of natural enzymes at the atomic level owing to their atomically dispersed active sites, thereby maximizing atom utilization efficiency and density of active sites. Hence, SAzymes can be considered the most promising candidates to replace natural enzymes. Herein, a PEGylated mesoporous Mn‐based single‐atom nanozyme (PmMn/SAE) employing a coordination‐assisted polymerization pyrolysis strategy that uses polydopamine for photothermal‐augmented nanocatalytic therapy is designed. PmMn/SAE exhibits excellent multiple enzymatic performance, including catalase‐like, oxidase‐like, and peroxidase (POD)‐like performance, due to the atomically dispersed Mn active species. As a result, PmMn/SAE not only catalyzes the decomposition of endogenous H2O2to generate O2for relieving hypoxia inside the tumor but also transfers electrons to O2to produce superoxide radicals to kill tumor cells. Meanwhile, PmMn/SAE is able to trigger Fenton‐like reactions to generate highly toxic hydroxyl radicals to induce cancer cell apoptosis. The POD‐like catalytic mechanism of mMn/SAE is revealed using experimental results and density functional theory. Furthermor, PmMn/SAE shows good photothermal conversion efficiency (η = 22.1%) in the second near‐infrared region (1064 nm). Both the in vitro and in vivo experimental results indicate that PmMn/SAE can effectively kill cancer cells through photothermal‐enhanced catalytic therapy.
Scintillator of Polycrystalline Perovskites for High‐Sensitivity Detection of Charged‐Particle Radiations
Authors: Hunyadi Mátyás , Samu Gergely Ferenc , Csige Lóránt , Csík Attila , Buga Csaba , Janáky Csaba 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHerein, the first study on the scintillation properties of CsCu2X3 and Cs3Cu2X5 (where X: Cl−, Br−, I−) is presented, describing their charged particle‐induced luminescence involving electrons, protons, α‐particles, and heavy ions, as well as revealing their capabilities on the timing and spectroscopic evaluation of single‐particle events. The thin layers are prepared with a simple and cost‐effective deposition procedure, without the incorporation of external dopants, exploiting the intrinsic radiative recombination observed in low‐dimensional perovskites. The combined effect of the high binding energy and localized stability of self‐trapped excitons, large Stokes shift, defect tolerance, and the high excitation density along the particle track leads to the emergence of boosted scintillation pulses. The observations demonstrate the first use of inorganic thin‐film scintillators with optical pulse characteristics and light yield competitive with doped single crystal scintillators, while also providing improved structural and functional stability under extreme environmental conditions.
Ultrathin ZIF‐8 Membrane through Inhibited Ostwald Ripening for High‐Flux C3H6/C3H8 Separation
Authors: Wang Jianyu , Wang Yan , Liu Yutao , Wu Hong , Zhao Mingang , Ren Yanxiong , Pu Yunchuan , Li Wenping , Wang Shaoyu , Song Shuqing , Liang Xu , He Guangwei , Han You , Jiang Zhongyi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are one of the most promising membrane materials for olefin/paraffin separations. However, most of MOF membranes have a thickness over 1 µm, which greatly compromises the permeation flux. While previous studies are focused on increasing crystal nucleus density on the substrates, achieving ultrathin membrane via modulation of the crystal growth is lacking. Herein, an inhibited Ostwald ripening (IOR) strategy is proposed to fabricate ultrathin ZIF‐8 membranes, through incorporating polymer‐based inhibitors into the membrane formula to inhibit the growth process of ZIF‐8 crystals via the metal–organic coordination. The IOR process can be readily tuned by varying the functional groups, molecular weights, and concentrations of the inhibitors, enabling a facile control over the IOR degree and thus the membrane thickness. Consequently, the thickness of ZIF‐8 membranes can be dramatically reduced to 180 nm. The resulting membranes exhibit ultrahigh C3H6/C3H8 separation performance with C3H6 permeance of 386 GPU and C3H6/C3H8 separation factor of 120. It is anticipated that this straightforward and efficient IOR strategy can open a new avenue for the fabrication of ultrathin MOF membranes to tackle many critical molecular separations.
Coding Piezoelectric Metasurfaces
Authors: Li Zhaoxi , Fei Chunlong , Yang Shenghui , Hou Chenxue , Zhao Jianxin , Li Yi , Zheng Chenxi , Wu Heping , Quan Yi , Zhao Tianlong , Chen Dongdong , Li Di , Niu Gang , Ren Wei , Xiao Meng , Yang Yintang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe manipulation of acoustic waves plays an important role in a wide range of applications. Currently, acoustic wave manipulation typically relies on either acoustic metasurfaces or phased array transducers. The elements of traditional metasurfaces are usually designed with complex artificial structures and limited by the additive manufacturing capability, which are difficult to apply in MHz frequency underwater acoustic wave control. Phased array transducers, suffering from high‐cost and complex control circuits, are usually limited by the array size and the filling ratio of the control units. Coding piezoelectric metasurfaces are reported; three wave functionalities, including beam steering, beam focusing, and vortex beam focusing are demonstrated; and acoustic tweezers and ultrasound imaging are eventually realized. The information coded on the piezoelectric metasurfaces herein is frequency independent and originates from the polarization directions, pointing either up or down, of the piezoelectric materials. Such a piezoelectric metasurface is driven by a single electrode and acts as a controllable active sound source, which combines the advantages of acoustic metasurfaces and phased array transducers while keeping the devices structurally simple and compact. The coding piezoelectric metasurfaces lead to potential technological innovations in underwater acoustic wave modulation, acoustic tweezers, biomedical imaging, industrial nondestructive testing, and neural regulation.
Efficient Anisotropic Polariton Lasing Using Molecular Conformation and Orientation in Organic Microcavities
Authors: Le Roux Florian , Mischok Andreas , Bradley Donal D. C. , Gather Malte C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOrganic exciton‐photon polariton lasers are promising candidates for the efficient generation of coherent light at room temperature. While their thresholds are now comparable with those of conventional organic photon lasers, tuning of molecular conformation and orientation as a means to control fundamental properties of their emission and thus further enhance performance remains largely unexplored. Here, a two‐fold reduction in the threshold of a microcavity polariton laser based on an active layer of poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene) (PFO) is achieved when 15% β‐phase conformation is introduced. In addtion, taking advantage of the liquid crystalline properties of PFO, a thin photoalignment layer is used to induce nematic alignment of the polymer chains. The resulting transition dipole moment orientation increases the Rabi energy, bringing the system into the ultra‐strong coupling regime and facilitating anisotropic polariton lasing with an eight‐fold reduction in absorbed threshold, down to 1.14 pJ (0.36 µJ cm−2) for the direction parallel to the orientation, with no emission along the orthogonal direction. This represents the first demonstration of anisotropic polariton lasing in conjugated polymer microcavities and a lower threshold than current organic vertical cavity surface‐emitting photon and polariton lasers. Dipole orientation offers new opportunities for switchable, more efficient polaritonic devices, and observation of fundamental effects at low polariton numbers.