bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Symmetrical Six‐Transition Metal Ring Units Promising High Air‐Stability of Layered Oxide Cathodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Gan Lu , Yuan Xin‐Guang , Han Jia‐Jun , Yang Xinan , Zheng Lituo , Huang Zhigao , Yao Hu‐Rong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLayered oxides are the most prevalent cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), but their poor air stability significantly limits their practical application owing to the rapid performance degradation of aged materials and the cost increase for material storage and transportation. Here, an effective strategy of constructing stable transition metal (TM) layers with a highly symmetrical six‐TM ring is suggested to enhance structure stability, thus hindering ambient air corrosion. The density functional theory calculations reveal that the higher symmetry ensures a higher thermodynamic energy for H2O insertion into Na layer. The combined analyses of selected area electron diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and chemical titration indicate that the six‐TM ring structure can effectively suppress the series of aging processes including water insertion, the spontaneous loss of lattice sodium, TM valence increment and residual alkali formation. Benefiting from the overall suppression of aging process, the strategy results in an excellent improvement in capacity retention after air exposure from 13.57% to 95.59%, and exhibits a good universality for both P2‐ and O3‐cathodes, which are the two most common structures of Na‐based layered oxides with different aging mechanism. These findings provide new insight to design high‐performance cathodes for SIBs.
Surface‐Engineered Extracellular Vesicles with CDH17 Nanobodies to Efficiently Deliver Imaging Probes and Chemo‐Photothermal Drugs for Gastric Cancer Theragnostic
Authors: Xia Peng , Yuan Haitao , Tian Ming , Zhong Tianyu , Hou Rui , Xu Xiaolong , Ma Jingbo , Wang Huifang , Li Zhifen , Huang Defa , Qu Chengming , Dai Lingyun , Xu Chengchao , Yang Chuanbin , Jiang Haibo , He Yuanqiao , Rückert Felix , Li Zhijie , Yuan Yufeng , Wang Jigang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are widely used as natural nanoparticles to deliver various cargos for disease diagnosis and therapy. However, unmodified EVs cannot efficiently transport the cargos to desired sites due to non‐specific uptake. Here, a delivery system is designed to display nanobodies against cadherin 17 (CDH17) on the surface of EVs isolated from HEK‐293 cells and loaded with dye Indocyanine green (ICG) and/or anti‐cancer drug dinitroazetidine derivative RRx‐001, a blocker for CD47/ signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) axis. CDH17 is a promising target for gastric cancer (GC) therapy. In this study, ICG loaded in the EVs engineered with CDH17 nanobodies can realize rapid tumor imaging in a CDH17‐positive GC model and can produce significant anti‐tumor photothermal therapeutic (PTT) effect after irradiation. Meanwhile, PTT effect can induce immunogenic cell death and macrophage polarization from M2 to M1 phenotype. The engineered EVs loaded with RRx‐001 can significantly repress GC tumor growth. Finally, dual loading of ICG/RRx‐001 in engineered EVs show maximal anti‐tumor efficacy in both cancer cell and patient‐derived GC models after only single injection. Collectively, CDH17 nanobody‐functionalized EVs loaded with ICG and/or RRx‐001 hold great promise to image and treat GC by combining fluorescent dye‐induced PTT with chemotherapy.
Biopolymer Nanovehicles for Oral Delivery of Natural Anticancer Agents
Authors: Falsafi Seid Reza , Wang Yong , Ashaolu Tolulope Joshua , Sharma Minaxi , Rawal Shruti , Patel Kaushika , Askari Gholamreza , Javanmard Shaghayegh Haghjooy , Rostamabadi Hadis 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCancer is the second leading cause of death throughout the world. Nature‐inspired anticancer agents (NAAs) that are a gift of nature to humanity have been extensively utilized in the alleviation/prevention of the disease due to their numerous pharmacological activities. While the oral route is an ideal and common way of drug administration, the application of NAAs through the oral pathway has been extremely limited owing to their inherent features, e.g., poor solubility, gastrointestinal (GI) instability, and low bioavailability. With the development of nano‐driven encapsulation strategies, polymeric vehicles, especially those with natural origins, have demonstrated a potent platform, which can professionally shield versatile NAAs against GI barricades and safely deliver them to the site of action. In this review, the predicament of orally delivering NAAs and the encapsulation strategy solutions based on biopolymer matrices are summarized. Proof‐of‐concept in vitro/in vivo results are also discussed for oral delivery of these agents by various biopolymer vehicles, which can be found so far from the literature. Last but not the least, the challenges and new opportunities in the field are highlighted.
Engineered Lipid Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Pulmonary Fibrosis by Regulating Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition in the Lungs
Authors: Jin Hee , Jeong Michaela , Lee Gyeongseok , Kim Minjeong , Yoo Youngjo , Kim Hyun Jin , Cho Jaeho , Lee Yun‐Sil , Lee Hyukjin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and irreversible lung disease with limited therapeutic regimens. Advances in elucidating the pathophysiological mechanism and discovering novel therapeutic interventions are still in urgent need. Here, the engineered lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are developed for delivering RNA therapeutics to the lungs. Three different types of LNPs (native, cationic, and ligand incorporated) are optimized to facilitate the pulmonary delivery of RNAs. Among them, the mannose incorporated LNPs (Mannose LNPs) outperform the others and show efficient delivery of siRNAs down‐regulating the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated protein, G2 and S phase‐expressed protein 1 (GTSE1). Treatment with the mannose LNPs confirms a significant decrease in collagen accumulation and EMT‐related proteins in the fibrosis animal models and provides functional recovery from pulmonary fibrosis. This approach demonstrates that engineered LNPs can facilitate the delivery of RNA therapeutics to the lungs and potentially open a new regimen of treatment for pulmonary fibrosis.
Light‐Driven Polymer‐Based All‐Solid‐State Lithium‐Sulfur Battery Operating at Room Temperature
Authors: Wang Peng‐Fei , He Xuewei , Lv Ze‐Chen , Song Hucheng , Song Xiaoying , Yi Ting‐Feng , Xu Ning , He Ping , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPoly(ethylene oxide)‐based polymer all‐solid‐state LiS battery is a promising candidate due to its high specific energy, good processability, and low cost. However, the poor room temperature ionic conductivity limits its further development. Here an innovative photothermal battery technology is proposed to realize the normal operation at room temperature. This design places the 3D Cu substrate with Cu/Si core‐shell structures between Li anode and outer encapsulation glass, so that the light can come in and generate heat efficiently by utilizing the carrier nonradiative recombination of Si nano shell, then the heat quickly transfers to the battery system through Cu core. Once simulated sunlight irradiates, the battery achieves a fast reaction kinetics and superior photothermal conversion, thus realizing a lifespan of over 20 cycles with a capacity of 1089.9 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C. Even on the actual sunlight irradiation, a high discharge/charge capacity of 1065.2/1036.5 mAh g−1 is also reached, indicating an excellent reversible electrochemical process. Moreover, the 3D nanostructure can accommodate the fatal volume variation of lithium and reduce the effective current density, thus suppressing the dendrite nucleation and growth. This study will open the avenue to develop a room temperature polymer all‐solid‐state LiS battery using photothermal technology.
3D Direct Laser Writing of Highly Absorptive Photoresist for Miniature Optical Apertures
Authors: Schmid Michael D. , Toulouse Andrea , Thiele Simon , Mangold Simon , Herkommer Alois M. , Giessen Harald 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe importance of 3D direct laser writing as an enabling technology increased rapidly in recent years. Complex micro‐optics and optical devices with various functionalities are now feasible. Different possibilities to increase the optical performance are demonstrated, for example, multi‐lens objectives, a combination of different photoresists, or diffractive optical elements. It is still challenging to create fitting apertures for these micro optics. In this work, a novel and simple way to create 3D‐printed opaque structures with a highly absorptive photoresist is introduced, which can be used to fabricate microscopic apertures increasing the contrast of 3D‐printed micro optics and enabling new optical designs. Both hybrid printing by combining clear and opaque resists, as well as printing transparent optical elements and their surrounding opaque apertures solely from a single black resist by using different printing thicknesses are demonstrated.
Metallic Zinc Anode Working at 50 and 50 mAh cm−2 with High Depth of Discharge via Electrical Double Layer Reconstruction
Authors: Shi Xin , Wang Jin , Yang Fan , Liu Xiaoqing , Yu Yanxia , Lu Xihong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAchieving high‐rate and high‐areal‐capacity Zn anode with high depth of discharge (DOD) offers a bright future for large‐scale aqueous batteries. However, Zn deposition suffers from severe dendrite growth and side reactions, which compromises achievable lifetime. Herein, an electrical double layer (EDL) reconstruction strategy is proposed by employing acetone as electrolyte additive to fully address these issues. Experimental and theoretical simulation results reveal that the adsorption priority of acetone to water on Zn creates a water‐poor inner Helmholtz layer. Meanwhile, the intense hydrogen bonding effect between acetone and water confines the activity of free water and weakens the Zn2+ solvation in the outer Helmholtz layer and diffusion layer. Such ion/molecule rearrangement in EDL suppresses hydrogen evolution, facilitates the desolvation process, and promotes the Zn2+ diffusion kinetics, which guides homogeneous Zn nucleation and uniform growth, even in extreme situations. At both ultrahigh current density of 50 mA cm−2 and areal capacity of 50 mAh cm−2, the addition of 20 v/v% acetone in 2 m ZnSO4 extends the lifespan of Zn//Zn symmetric cells from 12 to 800 h, with a high DOD of 73.5%. The effectiveness of this strategy is further demonstrated in the Zn‐MnO2 full batteries at wide temperature range from −30 to 40 °C.
Scaffold‐Free Tracheal Engineering via a Modular Strategy Based on Cartilage and Epithelium Sheets
Authors: Yang Minglei , Chen Jiafei , Chen Yi , Lin Weikang , Tang Hai , Fan Ziwen , Wang Long , She Yunlang , Jin Feng , Zhang Lei , Sun Weiyan , Chen Chang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTracheal defects lead to devastating problems, and practical clinical substitutes that have complex functional structures and can avoid adverse influences from exogenous bioscaffolds are lacking. Herein, a modular strategy for scaffold‐free tracheal engineering is developed. A cartilage sheet (Cart‐S) prepared by high‐density culture is laminated and reshaped to construct a cartilage tube as the main load‐bearing structure in which the chondrocytes exhibit a stable phenotype and secreted considerable cartilage‐specific matrix, presenting a native‐like grid arrangement. To further build a tracheal epithelial barrier, a temperature‐sensitive technique is used to construct the monolayer epithelium sheet (Epi‐S), in which the airway epithelial cells present integrated tight junctions, good transepithelial electrical resistance, and favorable ciliary differentiation capability. Epi‐S can be integrally transferred to inner wall of cartilage tube, forming a scaffold‐free complex tracheal substitute (SC‐trachea). Interestingly, when Epi‐S is attached to the cartilage surface, epithelium‐specific gene expression is significantly enhanced. SC‐trachea establishes abundant blood supply via heterotopic vascularization and then is pedicle transplanted for tracheal reconstruction, achieving 83.3% survival outcomes in rabbit models. Notably, the scaffold‐free engineered trachea simultaneously satisfies sufficient mechanical properties and barrier function due to its matrix‐rich cartilage structure and well‐differentiated ciliated epithelium, demonstrating great clinical potential for long‐segmental tracheal reconstruction.
Manipulating Charge‐Transfer Kinetics of Lithium‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes in Halide All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Yu Ruizhi , Wang Changhong , Duan Hui , Jiang Ming , Zhang Anbang , Fraser Adam , Zuo Jiaxuan , Wu Yanlong , Sun Yipeng , Zhao Yang , Liang Jianwen , Fu Jiamin , Deng Sixu , Ren Zhimin , Li Guohua , Huang Huan , Li Ruying , Chen Ning , Wang Jiantao , Li Xifei , Singh Chandra Veer , Sun Xueliang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEmploying lithium‐rich layered oxide (LLO) as the cathode of all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) is highly desired for realizing high energy density. However, the poor kinetics of LLO, caused by its low electronic conductivity and significant oxygen‐redox‐induced structural degradation, has impeded its application in ASSBs. Here, the charge transfer kinetics of LLO is enhanced by constructing high‐efficiency electron transport networks within solid‐state electrodes, which considerably minimizes electron transfer resistance. In addition, an infusion‐plus‐coating strategy is introduced to stabilize the lattice oxygen of LLO, successfully suppressing the interfacial oxidation of solid electrolyte (Li3InCl6) and structural degradation of LLO. As a result, LLO‐based ASSBs exhibit a high discharge capacity of 230.7 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and ultra‐long cycle stability over 400 cycles. This work provides an in‐depth understanding of the kinetics of LLO in solid‐state electrodes, and affords a practically feasible strategy to obtain high‐energy‐density ASSBs.
Improved Molecular Ordering in a Ternary Blend Enables All‐Polymer Solar Cells over 18% Efficiency
Authors: Cai Yunhao , Xie Cong , Li Qian , Liu Chunhui , Gao Jiaxin , Jee Min Hun , Qiao Jiawei , Li Yun , Song Jiali , Hao Xiaotao , Woo Han Young , Tang Zheng , Zhou Yinhua , Zhang Chunfeng , Huang Hui , Sun Yanming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlthough all‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs) show great commercialization prospects, their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) still fall behind their small molecule acceptor‐based counterparts. In all‐polymer blends, the optimized morphology and high molecular ordering are difficult to achieve since there is troublesome competition between the crystallinity of the polymer donor and acceptor during the film‐formation process. Therefore, it is challenging to improve the performance of all‐PSCs. Herein, a ternary strategy is adopted to modulate the morphology and the molecular crystallinity of an all‐polymer blend, in which PM6:PY‐82 is selected as the host blend and PY‐DT is employed as a guest component. Benefiting from the favorable miscibility of the two acceptors and the higher regularity of PY‐DT, the ternary matrix features a well‐defined fibrillar morphology and improved molecular ordering. Consequently, the champion PM6:PY‐82:PY‐DT device produces a record‐high PCE of 18.03%, with simultaneously improved open‐circuit voltage, short‐circuit current and fill factor in comparison with the binary devices. High‐performance large‐area (1 cm2) and thick‐film (300 nm) all‐PSCs are also successfully fabricated with PCEs of 16.35% and 15.70%, respectively.Moreover, 16.5 cm2 organic solar module affords an encouraging PCE of 13.84% when using the non‐halogenated solvent , showing the great potential of “Lab‐to‐Fab” transition of all‐PSCs.
Physical Origin of Negative Differential Resistance in V3O5 and Its Application as a Solid‐State Oscillator
Authors: Das Sujan Kumar , Nandi Sanjoy Kumar , Marquez Camilo Verbel , Rúa Armando , Uenuma Mutsunori , Puyoo Etienne , Nath Shimul Kanti , Albertini David , Baboux Nicolas , Lu Teng , Liu Yun , Haeger Tobias , Heiderhoff Ralf , Riedl Thomas , Ratcliff Thomas , Elliman Robert Glen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOxides that exhibit an insulator–metal transition can be used to fabricate energy‐efficient relaxation oscillators for use in hardware‐based neural networks but there are very few oxides with transition temperatures above room temperature. Here the structural, electrical, and thermal properties of V3O5 thin films and their application as the functional oxide in metal/oxide/metal relaxation oscillators are reported. The V3O5 devices show electroforming‐free volatile threshold switching and negative differential resistance (NDR) with stable (<3% variation) cycle‐to‐cycle operation. The physical mechanisms underpinning these characteristics are investigated using a combination of electrical measurements, in situ thermal imaging, and device modeling. This shows that conduction is confined to a narrow filamentary path due to self‐confinement of the current distribution and that the NDR response is initiated at temperatures well below the insulator–metal transition temperature where it is dominated by the temperature‐dependent conductivity of the insulating phase. Finally, the dynamics of individual and coupled V3O5‐based relaxation oscillators is reported, showing that capacitively coupled devices exhibit rich non‐linear dynamics, including frequency and phase synchronization. These results establish V3O5 as a new functional material for volatile threshold switching and advance the development of robust solid‐state neurons for neuromorphic computing.
Stable Cuprous Hydroxide Nanostructures by Organic Ligand Functionalization
Authors: Liu Qiming , Peng Yi , Masood Zaheer , DuBois Davida , Tressel John , Nichols Forrest , Ashby Paul , Mercado Rene , Assafa Tufa , Pan Dingjie , Kuo Han‐Lin , Lu Jennifer Q. , Bridges Frank , Millhauser Glenn , Ge Qingfeng , Chen Shaowei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCopper compounds have been extensively investigated for diverse applications. However, studies of cuprous hydroxide (CuOH) have been scarce due to structural metastability. Herein, a facile, wet‐chemistry procedure is reported for the preparation of stable CuOH nanostructures via deliberate functionalization with select organic ligands, such as acetylene and mercapto derivatives. The resulting nanostructures are found to exhibit a nanoribbon morphology consisting of small nanocrystals embedded within a largely amorphous nanosheet‐like scaffold. The acetylene derivatives are found to anchor onto the CuOH forming CuC linkages, whereas CuS interfacial bonds are formed with the mercapto ligands. Effective electronic coupling occurs at the ligand‐core interface in the former, in contrast to mostly non‐conjugated interfacial bonds in the latter, as manifested in spectroscopic measurements and confirmed in theoretical studies based on first principles calculations. Notably, the acetylene‐capped CuOH nanostructures exhibit markedly enhanced photodynamic activity in the inhibition of bacteria growth, as compared to the mercapto‐capped counterparts due to a reduced material bandgap and effective photocatalytic generation of reactive oxygen species. Results from this study demonstrate that deliberate structural engineering with select organic ligands is an effective strategy in the stabilization and functionalization of CuOH nanostructures, a critical first step in exploring their diverse applications.
Recent Advances in 4D Printing of Liquid Crystal Elastomers
Authors: Chen Mei , Gao Ming , Bai Lichun , Zheng Han , Qi H. Jerry , Zhou Kun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLiquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are renowned for their large, reversible, and anisotropic shape change in response to various external stimuli due to their lightly cross‐linked polymer networks with an oriented mesogen direction, thus showing great potential for applications in robotics, bio‐medics, electronics, optics, and energy. To fully take advantage of the anisotropic stimuli‐responsive behaviors of LCEs, it is preferable to achieve a locally controlled mesogen alignment into monodomain orientations. In recent years, the application of 4D printing to LCEs opens new doors for simultaneously programming the mesogen alignment and the 3D geometry, offering more opportunities and higher feasibility for the fabrication of 4D‐printed LCE objects with desirable stimuli‐responsive properties. Here, the state‐of‐the‐art advances in 4D printing of LCEs are reviewed, with emphasis on both the mechanisms and potential applications. First, the fundamental properties of LCEs and the working principles of the representative 4D printing techniques are briefly introduced. Then, the fabrication of LCEs by 4D printing techniques and the advantages over conventional manufacturing methods are demonstrated. Finally, perspectives on the current challenges and potential development trends toward the 4D printing of LCEs are discussed, which may shed light on future research directions in this new field.
Nanostructured, Alkaline Titanate‐Converted, and Heat‐Treated Ti6Al4V Microspheres via Wet‐Chemical Alkaline Modification and their ORR Electrocatalytic Response
Authors: Wadge Matthew D. , Bird Matthew A. , Sankowski Andrzej , Constantin Hannah , Fay Michael W. , Cooper Timothy P. , O'Shea James N. , Khlobystov Andrei N. , Walsh Darren A. , Johnson Lee R. , Felfel Reda M. , Ahmed Ifty , Grant David M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study describes the chemical conversion and heat treatment of Ti6Al4V microspheres (Ti6_MS), and the resulting effects on their electrocatalytic properties. The wet‐chemical conversion (5.0 m NaOH, 60 °C, 24 h; Sample label: Ti6_TC) converts the top surface of the Ti6_MS powder into an ≈820 nm thick sodium titanate surface. Heat‐treatment (Ti6_TC_HT) at 450 °C increases the stability of the surface, through partial titanate crystallization, while mitigating excess rutile formation. All samples are analyzed chemically (XPS, EDX, Raman, EELS), structurally (XRD and TEM), and morphologically (SEM, TEM), demonstrating the characteristic formation of sodium titanate dendritic structures, with minimal chemical, structural, and morphological differences due to the 450 °C heat‐treatment. The effect of the preparation methodology on oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalytic performance is also tested. The introduction of the sodium titanate layer changes the mechanism of the ORR, from a mixed 4 electron/2 electron pathway to a predominantly 2‐electron pathway. By maintaining the microspherical nature of the material while also tuning the surface of the material toward different reaction mechanisms, a design strategy for new electrocatalyst materials is explored.