bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting Language Associated With Home Healthcare Patient’s Risk for Hospitalization and Emergency Department Visit
Authors: Song Jiyoun , Ojo Marietta , Bowles Kathryn H. , McDonald Margaret V. , Cato Kenrick , Rossetti Sarah Collins , Adams Victoria , Chae Sena , Hobensack Mollie , Kennedy Erin , Tark Aluem , Kang Min-Jeoung , Woo Kyungmi , Barrón Yolanda , Sridharan Sridevi , Topaz Maxim 
Published: February 2022

Background
About one in five patients receiving home healthcare (HHC) services are hospitalized or visit an emergency department (ED) during a home care episode. Early identification of at-risk patients can prevent these negative outcomes. However, risk indicators, including language in clinical notes that indicate a concern about a patient, are often hidden in narrative documentation throughout their HHC episode.

Objective
The aim of the study was to develop an automated natural language processing (NLP) algorithm to identify concerning language indicative of HHC patients’ risk of hospitalizations or ED visits.

Methods
This study used the Omaha System—a standardized nursing terminology that describes problems/signs/symptoms that can occur in the community setting. First, five HHC experts iteratively reviewed the Omaha System and identified concerning concepts indicative of HHC patients’ risk of hospitalizations or ED visits. Next, we developed and tested an NLP algorithm to identify these concerning concepts in HHC clinical notes automatically. The resulting NLP algorithm was applied on a large subset of narrative notes (2.3 million notes) documented for 66,317 unique patients (n = 87,966 HHC episodes) admitted to one large HHC agency in the Northeast United States between 2015 and 2017.

Results
A total of 160 Omaha System signs/symptoms were identified as concerning concepts for hospitalizations or ED visits in HHC. These signs/symptoms belong to 31 of the 42 available Omaha System problems. Overall, the NLP algorithm showed good performance in identifying concerning concepts in clinical notes. More than 18% of clinical notes were detected as having at least one concerning concept, and more than 90% of HHC episodes included at least one Omaha System problem. The most frequently documented concerning concepts were pain, followed by issues related to neuromusculoskeletal function, circulation, mental health, and communicable/infectious conditions.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that concerning problems or symptoms that could increase the risk of hospitalization or ED visit were frequently documented in narrative clinical notes. NLP can automatically extract information from narrative clinical notes to improve our understanding of care needs in HHC. Next steps are to evaluate which concerning concepts identified in clinical notes predict hospitalization or ED visit.
Predictors of Health Promotion Behaviors Among Working Adults at Risk for Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Park Sungwon , Jang Min Kyeong , Park Chang Gi , Hong Oi Saeng 
Published: February 2022

Background
Metabolic syndrome has a high global prevalence, affecting 26% of South Koreans. Lifestyle modifications have shown benefits in studies involving health behavior enhancement, specifically through workplace eating and exercise interventions. However, workplace interventions focusing on health behaviors have been inadequately explored.

Objectives
This study examined factors affecting health promotion behaviors of workers at high risk of metabolic syndrome by applying Theory of Planned Behavior constructs (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention).

Methods
This correlational cross-sectional study collected survey data from 164 hotel workers in South Korea. The study applied factor analysis and structural equation modeling for the data analysis.

Results
Analysis revealed five health promotion behaviors: exercise, making healthy food choices, avoiding fatty foods, eating a nutritious and balanced diet, and eating regular moderate meals. Participants were grouped as total participants, those with one risk factor, and those with two risk factors. In the “total” group, four behaviors were influenced by perceived behavioral control: exercise, making healthy food choices, eating a nutritious and balanced diet, and eating regular moderate meals. In the “one risk factor” group, intention and attitude influenced the eating regular moderate meals behavior, and two other behaviors were influenced by perceived behavioral control: exercise and eating a nutritious and balanced diet; in the “two risk factor” group, only perceived behavioral control directly affected exercise.

Discussion
Perceived behavioral control was a key predictor of health behaviors, and theory constructs partially explained behaviors. Perceived behavioral control influenced four behaviors and influenced exercise in all three groups. Also, theory constructs showed a greater effect on behaviors in the one risk factor group than in the two risk factor group, indicating that participants with one risk factor more effectively managed their behaviors on their own and with healthcare providers’ support. Occupational health providers should conduct early assessments of workers showing metabolic syndrome risk factors to identify their particular risks, intention, and behaviors. As the number of risk factors affects behaviors and perceived behavioral control primarily influences exercise, these findings should be incorporated in metabolic syndrome interventions.
Biochemical analysis challenging Western blot analysis as validation step for antibodies intended for ELISA and Immunohistochemistry use
Authors: Zhang Yunyun , Zhang Wenfeng , Yang Maozhou , Zhang Jiandi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe relative contributions of the conformation and primary structure of an epitope to overall antigen-antibody interaction (AAI) at denatured, native or formalin fixed (FF) state were compared using six randomly chosen commercial antibodies using Quantitative Dot Blot (QDB) method. AAIs at native and FF states were found ranged 1.3 ∼ 10.2 and 0.5 ∼ 45.4 folds, respectively, over those at denatured state in cellular and tissue lysates. Using two antibodies against different epitopes of PYGL protein, we showed that PYGL levels in several types of tissues and cell lines were highly correlated (r=0.99 from Pearson, p<0.0001, n=25) when measured with these two antibodies at native state. Yet, one antibody was found to be nonspecific with one type of these tissues using Western blot analysis. These observations suggested that the conformation of an epitope may serve as dominant contributor of overall AAI at native state in general, regardless of linear or conformational epitopes. In many cases, it would override nonspecific interactions formed at denatured state to challenge Western blot analysis as a validation tool for antibodies intended for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and ELISA.
Sexual identity management of working lesbian women
Authors: Khachatryan Kristine , Graml Regine , Hagen Tobias , Ziegler Yvonne , Herman Ricky Astrida 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to provide a closer look at being out in the work environment. What are the characteristics that distinguish lesbian women who are out at work from those who are not? What role do companies play with their diversity-related measures?

Design/methodology/approach
This paper investigates characteristics that distinguish lesbian women who were out at work and analyzes the use of various sexual identity management strategies in relation to specific reference groups within a company. Furthermore, the method of multiple correspondence analysis is used to visually map the associations between company-specific characteristics and being out.

Findings
Results show that being out in the work environment is subject to a complex interplay of several factors, from personal resources to the diversity-friendliness of the company. A company’s lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersexual (LGBTI)-related measures, such as in-house LGBTI networks or diversity workshops, can not only promote the coming out of lesbian employees, and thereby help to increase their overall satisfaction with life, but can also reduce their experiences of discrimination.

Originality/value
In this paper, the method of multiple correspondence analysis is used to examine the relationships between several diversity-related measures of the company and being out at the workplace. A visualization of these relationships in a two-dimensional space allows a more comprehensive view of these features and their possible effect on being out at the workplace.
Unexpected role of electron‐transfer hub in direct degradation of pollutants by exoelectrogenic bacteria
Authors: Zhu Ting‐Ting , Cheng Zhou‐Hua , Yu Sheng‐Song , Li Wen‐Wei , Liu Dong‐Feng , Yu Han‐Qing 
Published: February 2022

SummaryExoelectrogenic bacteria (EEB) are capable of anaerobic respiration with diverse extracellular electron acceptors including insoluble minerals, electrodes and flavins, but the detailed electron transfer pathways and reaction mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we discover that CymA, which is usually considered to solely serve as an inner‐membrane electron transfer hub in Shewanella oneidensis MR‐1 (a model EEB), might also function as a reductase for direct reducing diverse nitroaromatic compounds (e.g. 2,4‐dichloronitrobenzene) and azo dyes. Such a process can be accelerated by dosing anthraquinone‐2,6‐disulfonate. The CymA‐based reduction pathways in S. oneidensis MR‐1 for different contaminants could be functionally reconstructed and strengthened in Escherichia coli. The direct reduction of lowly polar contaminants by quinol oxidases like CymA homologues might be universal in diverse microbes. This work offers new insights into the pollutant reduction mechanisms of EEB and unveils a new function of CymA to act as a terminal reductase.
LIFE AFTER RESETTLEMENT IN URBAN CHINA: State‐led Community Building as a Reterritorialization Strategy
Authors: Wang Zheng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractResettlement thus far has been conceptualized as a large‐scale form of displacement taking place within a short timeframe. In this article I attempt to reinterpret resettlement as a two‐stage process involving both the deterritorialization and reterritorialization of residents by shedding light on the processes and challenges involved in rebuilding the sense of community of residents after resettlement. I draw on the case of a relocation settlement in Shanghai and find that the Chinese state is heavily involved in reterritorializing residents because it needs to consolidate its influence at the grassroots level and address the practical necessity of assisting tens of millions of resettled residents who lack access to essential amenities and services. The state uses a mechanism I describe as state‐led community building in its attempt to rebuild the sense of community of resettled residents in a way that also renders residents more governable. In practice, this involves increasing the number and power of resettlement committees and promoting resident volunteering and participation through community organizations and events. State‐led community building works relatively well in the case of retired urban residents, but fails to attract other resident groups, including rural and working migrant residents.
The association between recreational cannabis legalization, commercialization and cannabis‐attributable emergency department visits in Ontario, Canada: an interrupted time–series analysis
Authors: Myran Daniel T. , Pugliese Michael , Tanuseputro Peter , Cantor Nathan , Rhodes Emily , Taljaard Monica 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsRecreational cannabis was legalized in Canada in October 2018. Initially, the Government of Ontario (Canada’s largest province) placed strict limits on the number of cannabis retail stores before later removing these limits. This study measured changes in cannabis‐attributable emergency department (ED) visits over time, corresponding to different regulatory periods.DesignInterrupted time–series design using population‐level data. Two policy periods were considered; recreational cannabis legalization with strict store restrictions (RCL, 17 months) and legalization with no store restrictions [recreational cannabis commercialization (RCC), 15 months] which coincided with the COVID‐19 pandemic. Segmented Poisson regression models were used to examine immediate and gradual effects in each policy period.SettingOntario, Canada.ParticipantsAll individuals aged 15–105 years (n = 13.8 million) between January 2016 and May 2021.MeasurementsMonthly counts of cannabis‐attributable ED visits per capita and per all‐cause ED visits in individuals aged 15+ (adults) and 15–24 (young adults) years.FindingsWe observed a significant trend of increasing cannabis‐attributable ED visits pre‐legalization. RCL was associated with a significant immediate increase of 12% [incident rate ratio (IRR) = 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–1.23] in rates of cannabis‐attributable ED visits followed by significant attenuation of the pre‐legalization slope (monthly slope change IRR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97–0.99). RCC and COVID‐19 were associated with immediate significant increases of 22% (IRR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.09–1.37) and 17% (IRR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.00–1.37) in rates of cannabis‐attributable visits and the proportion of all‐cause ED visits attributable to cannabis, respectively, with insignificant increases in monthly slopes. Similar patterns were observed in young adults.ConclusionsIn Ontario, Canada, cannabis‐attributable emergency department visits stopped increasing over time following recreational cannabis legalization with strict retail controls but then increased during a period coinciding with cannabis commercialization and the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Fragmented QRS as a risk marker for the occurrence of ventricular fibrillation in patients with variant angina
Authors: Shinohara Tetsuji , Yonezu Keisuke , Hirota Kei , Kondo Hidekazu , Fukui Akira , Akioka Hidefumi , Teshima Yasushi , Yufu Kunio , Nakagawa Mikiko , Takahashi Naohiko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundVariant angina (VA) is caused by reversible coronary artery spasm, which is characterized by chest pain with ST‐segment elevations on standard 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG) at rest. Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is often caused by VA attack, but the risk stratification is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of fragmented QRS (fQRS) on VF occurrence in VA patients.MethodsNinety‐four patients who showed ST elevation on 12‐lead ECGs with total or nearly total occlusion in response to coronary spasm provocation test were enrolled. Among them, 16 patients had documented VF before hospital admission (n = 12) or experienced VF during provocation test (n = 4) (VF occurrence group). The fQRS was defined as the presence of spikes within the QRS complex of two or more consecutive leads.ResultsThe prevalence of fQRS was more often observed in the VF occurrence group than in the non‐VF occurrence group (63% [10/16] vs. 27% [21/78], p = 0.009). Univariate analyses revealed that age, history of syncope, QTc, and the presence of fQRS were associated with VF occurrence (p = 0.004, 0.005, 0.029, and 0.008, respectively). Furthermore, upon multivariate analyses using those risk factors, age, QTc, and fQRS predicted VF occurrence independently (p = 0.007, 0.041, and 0.014, respectively).ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated that fQRS in VA patients is a risk factor for VF. The fQRS may be a useful factor for the risk stratification of VF occurrence in VA patients.
First evidence of SOX2 mutations in Peters' anomaly: Lessons from molecular screening of 95 patients
Authors: Chesneau Bertrand , Aubert‐Mucca Marion , Fremont Félix , Pechmeja Jacmine , Soler Vincent , Isidor Bertrand , Nizon Mathilde , Dollfus Hélène , Kaplan Josseline , Fares‐Taie Lucas , Rozet Jean‐Michel , Busa Tiffany , Lacombe Didier , Naudion Sophie , Amiel Jeanne , Rio Marlène , Attie‐Bitach Tania , Lesage Cécile , Thouvenin Dominique , Odent Sylvie , Morel Godelieve , Vincent‐Delorme Catherine , Boute Odile , Vanlerberghe Clémence , Dieux Anne , Boussion Simon , Faivre Laurence , Pinson Lucile , Laffargue Fanny , Le Guyader Gwenaël , Le Meur Guylène , Prieur Fabienne , Lambert Victor , Laudier Beatrice , Cottereau Edouard , Ayuso Carmen , Corton‐Pérez Marta , Bouneau Laurence , Le Caignec Cédric , Gaston Véronique , Jeanton‐Scaramouche Claire , Dupin‐Deguine Delphine , Calvas Patrick , Chassaing Nicolas , Plaisancié Julie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPeters' anomaly (PA) is a rare anterior segment dysgenesis characterized by central corneal opacity and irido‐lenticulo‐corneal adhesions. Several genes are involved in syndromic or isolated PA (B3GLCT, PAX6, PITX3, FOXE3, CYP1B1). Some copy number variations (CNVs) have also been occasionally reported. Despite this genetic heterogeneity, most of patients remain without genetic diagnosis. We retrieved a cohort of 95 individuals with PA and performed genotyping using a combination of comparative genomic hybridization, whole genome, exome and targeted sequencing of 119 genes associated with ocular development anomalies. Causative genetic defects involving 12 genes and CNVs were identified for 1/3 of patients. Unsurprisingly, B3GLCT and PAX6 were the most frequently implicated genes, respectively in syndromic and isolated PA. Unexpectedly, the third gene involved in our cohort was SOX2, the major gene of micro‐anophthalmia. Four unrelated patients with PA (isolated or with microphthalmia) were carrying pathogenic variants in this gene that was never associated with PA before. Here we described the largest cohort of PA patients ever reported. The genetic bases of PA are still to be explored as genetic diagnosis was unavailable for 2/3 of patients. Nevertheless, we showed here for the first time the involvement of SOX2 in PA, offering new evidence for its role in corneal transparency and anterior segment development.
Motor skills and intelligence in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Authors: Branton Erin , Thompson‐Hodgetts Sandy , Johnston Danielle , Gross Douglas P. , Pritchard Lesley 
Published: February 2022

AimTo determine the relationship between motor abilities and intelligence in children and young people with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) being assessed for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD).MethodThis was a cross‐sectional correlational study of children and young people with PAE being assessed for FASD. The relationship between motor abilities (Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition) and intelligence (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth or Fifth Edition) was calculated using correlation and regression analyses. Attention and executive function were considered as potential confounding variables.ResultsThe relationship between motor abilities and intelligence in 73 children and young people (48 males, 25 females; aged 6–17y, mean age 10y 5mo [SD 2y 9mo]) assessed for FASD was small and statistically non‐significant (r=0.05, p=0.67).InterpretationThe findings confirm that motor abilities and intelligence should be assessed separately when investigating an FASD diagnosis. Intelligence scores should not be used to estimate motor abilities, nor should they dictate when motor testing be completed. Assessing intelligence and motor domains separately will enhance diagnostic accuracy, identify the need for strategies or interventions to address functional motor skills, and further define the role of physiotherapy and occupational therapy in FASD assessment and intervention.
Effect of bremelanotide on body weight of obese women: Data from two phase 1 randomized controlled trials
Authors: Spana Carl , Jordan Robert , Fischkoff Steven 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimsThe melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) plays a central role in appetite regulation, and agonistic activity at this receptor promotes satiety. Results from two randomized controlled clinical trials examine the effects of bremelanotide's agonism at MC4R on caloric intake and body weight.MethodsPremenopausal women with a body mass index >30 kg/m2 were studied in two phase 1, single‐centre, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trials. Study A matched subjects 1:1 to receive subcutaneous placebo or bremelanotide three times daily for days 1‐15. Study B was a crossover trial with six distinct treatment sequences consisting of three 4‐day treatment periods, investigating once‐a‐day and twice‐a‐day exposure to bremelanotide versus placebo. Subjects received one of the three treatments twice‐daily during each period: 0 mg/0 mg, 2.5 mg/0 mg or 2.5 mg/2.0 mg bremelanotide. Body weight and food intake were recorded in detail daily. Adverse events were recorded throughout both studies.ResultsIn Study A, 27 of 30 bremelanotide subjects (90.0%) completed the trial and exhibited a significantly greater reduction in body weight after 16 days versus placebo [least squares mean difference (95% CI), −1.3 (−1.9 to −0.8) kg; p < .0001]. Mean caloric intake in bremelanotide subjects was decreased versus placebo, with a magnitude of reduction of approximately 400 kcal/day throughout Study A (p < .01). In Study B, 15 of 27 subjects (55.6%) completed all three phases. Significantly greater reduction of mean body weight occurred in twice‐daily bremelanotide subjects versus placebo (1.7 vs. 0.9 kg, respectively, p < .001). Total caloric intake reduction was significantly greater in the bremelanotide groups versus placebo (mean difference range: 398‐469 kcal; p < .0001).ConclusionsAgonist activity at the MC4R may aid in reducing caloric intake and weight loss in obese women.
What prevents women from reaching the top?
Authors: Keloharju Matti , Knüpfer Samuli , Tåg Joacim 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe use rich data on all business, economics, and engineering graduates in Sweden to study the lack of women among chief executive officers (CEOs). A comprehensive battery of graduates’ characteristics explains 40% of the gender gaps in CEO appointments and 60% among graduates with children. The explanatory power mostly comes from absences and unemployment, which are about twice as likely for women as men. These gender differences increase following childbirth, and they persist in the long run. We present and discuss potential explanations to the explained and remaining gaps. Although the large unexplained share makes it hard to pinpoint the exact reason for the gender gap in CEO appointments, the large contribution of labor market attachment to the explained share suggests work–family trade‐offs are an important part of the story.
The Belgian mental health reform: When a combination of soft instruments hampers structural change
Authors: Darcis Coralie , Schoenaers Frédéric , Thunus Sophie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn Europe, the mental health field is undergoing a paradigm shift from a hospital‐centered, institutionalized and segmented model toward a community‐based, patient‐centered and more integrated model. From 2010 onwards, Belgian policymakers availed themselves of new policy instruments to complete this shift, having been hampered by strong professional and cultural barriers over the four previous decades. However, the reform objectives have only partially been achieved. Assuming that an instrument perspective on policy implementation would illustrate why the reform does not achieve its priority objectives, the article questions the relationship between the types of instruments used and the type of change induced. Drawing on the analysis of three policy implementation processes, we argue that these “soft” instruments are by nature not suitable for initiating any type of change and may have limited effects when used in certain contexts and under certain conditions. The article ends with a discussion of the three limitations of these instruments.