bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motives for using new psychoactive substances in three groups of Polish users: nightlife, marginalised and active on the In
Authors: Wieczorek Łukasz , Dąbrowska Katarzyna , Bujalski Michał 
Published: July 2022

Cel pracyCelem artykułu jest przedstawienie motywów używania nowych substancji psychoaktywnych (NSP) przez użytkowników w Polsce oraz ocena związków między motywami a konsumpcją różnych typów NSP.MetodaBadania prowadzono w 4 lokalizacjach: Warszawie, Krakowie, Poznaniu i Trójmieście. Wzięło w nich udział łącznie 596 użytkowników nowych substancji psychoaktywnych. Wśród nich znaleźli się uczestnicy imprez używający NSP rekreacyjnie (N=172), użytkownicy zmarginalizowani (N=86) oraz użytkownicy aktywni w internecie (N=338). Techniką wykorzystaną w badaniu była ankieta do samodzielnego wypełnienia.WynikiW ocenie ogółu respondentów, chęć poprawy samopoczucia była najczęściej wskazywanym motywem używania NSP. Wśród uczestników imprez NSP były najczęściej używane w celu lepszej zabawy. Wśród użytkowników zmarginalizowanych najczęstszym motywem używania nowych substancji psychoaktywnych była chęć odurzenia się, należąca do grupy motywów związanych z poprawą samopoczucia. W grupie osób aktywnych w internecie najczęstszym motywem ich używania były te z związane z rozwojem.WnioskiIdentyfikacja motywów używania nowych substancji psychoaktywnych, którymi kierują się użytkownicy może przyczynić się do ograniczenia używania NSP. Użytkownicy rekreacyjni i zmarginalizowani kierują się innymi motywami przy używaniu substancji. Podobnie w przypadku używania poszczególnych NSP. Motywy ich używania są niejednorodne. Tym samym działania profilaktyczne, edukacyjne i lecznicze, powinny być odpowiednio dostosowane do grupy użytkowników oraz do substancji, których używają.
Adaptation and validation of Polish Version of Reasons for Living Inventory (RFL-48) by M.M. Linehan et al.
Authors: Siewierska Joanna , Chodkiewicz Jan 
Published: July 2022

Cel pracyCelem pracy było opracowanie polskiej wersji Skali Powodów do Życia (Reasons for Living Inventory, RFL-48) M.Linehan i wsp. Kwestionariusz jest narzędziem samoopisowym, przeznaczonym do pomiaru czynników chroniących przed popełnieniem samobójstwa. Wyróżniono w nim czynniki: przekonanie o umiejętności radzenia sobie, poczucie odpowiedzialności wobec rodziny, lęk przed samobójstwem, wątpliwości moralne, lęk przed dezaprobatą społeczną, obawy związane z dziećmi.MetodaBadania przeprowadzono z udziałem osób z grupy nieklinicznej, do której zakwalifikowano 431 osób dorosłych (236 kobiet i 195 mężczyzn) z różnych regionów Polski, w wieku 18-65 lat (średni wiek 33 lata). W badaniu wykorzystano również Inwentarz Depresji Becka (BDI), Zrewidowany Kwestionariusz Zachowań Samobójczych (SBQ-R) oraz Skalę Orientacji Pozytywnej (Skala P).WynikiEksploracyjna i konfirmacyjna analiza czynnikowa potwierdziły założoną, sześciowymiarową strukturę kwestionariusza. Współczynnik alfa Cronbacha wahał się od 0,70 (lęk przed samobójstwem) do 0,95 (przekonanie o umiejętności radzenia sobie). Wielkość współczynnika alfa dla całej skali wyniosła 0,92.WnioskiWyniki wskazują, że polska wersja Kwestionariusza RFL-48 Linehan i wsp. ma zadawalające właściwości psychometryczne. Kwestionariusz może być stosowany zarówno w badaniach naukowych, jak i w praktyce klinicznej.
Conocimiento y comportamiento de progenitores españoles en Redes Sociales en relación a los menores. Diseño y aplicación de un cuestionario
Authors: Salcines-Talledo Irina , Ramírez-García Antonia , González-Fernández Natalia 
Published: July 2022

Las Redes Sociales han impactado como plataformas para la comunicación y el intercambio de información, afectando a todas las personas e instituciones, como la familia. Los jóvenes son los más activos en las citadas redes asumiendo mayores riesgos. No obstante, en ocasiones, son los progenitores los que realizan una sobre-exposición en RRSS de los menores, sin su consentimiento, poniendo en riesgo su privacidad. Este artículo presenta una investigación cuantitativa de carácter descriptivo y correlacional que recoge el proceso de validación de un cuestionario inédito destinado a recabar información sobre el conocimiento y el comportamiento de los progenitores en YouTube e Instagram en relación a los menores e, igualmente, se analizan los primeros resultados de la aplicación piloto de la herramienta. El cuestionario presenta una buena validez y fiabilidad. Los principales resultados señalan que los progenitores tienen conocimiento sobre la normativa legal y no publican frecuentemente contenidos de los menores en las RRSS y, cuando lo hacen, tratan de evitar la presentación de datos identificativos, sin embargo, sí permiten que se les vea la cara. Se confirma la necesidad de continuar investigando y emprendiendo acciones formativas dirigidas a familias sobre la necesidad de protección de los menores en las redes.
Addressing Digital Divide through Digital Literacy Training Programs: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Choudhary Heena , Bansal Nidhi 
Published: July 2022

Digital literacy training programs (DLTPs) are influential in developing digital skills to help build a more inclusive and participatory ecosystem. This study presents a review of 86 studies related to DLTPs for marginalised populations in developed and developing countries. It aims to understand (a) the profile of DLTPs, (b) the digital competences incorporated in the training curriculum and (c) tangible outcomes of Internet use post-training. The review indicated that developed countries focus more upon developing digital literacy in elderly populations. In contrast, the focus still lies in developing digital literacy among people with low skills and education levels in developing countries. The training curriculums focus mainly on developing information-seeking and communication competencies, besides the basic operations of digital devices. Most of the studies reported an increase in the personal-level outcomes around health, leisure and self-actualisation achieved post-training. This study can help policymakers, practitioners, and educational researchers improve the scope and quality of educational programs and contribute to people's digital empowerment and well-being.
Los recursos educativos digitales en educación infantil.
Authors: Marín Suelves Diana , Becerra Brito Cecilia Verónica , Rego Agraso Laura 
Published: July 2022

El impacto de las tecnologías en la población infantil de 3 a 6 años es evidente tanto en el contexto familiar como el educativo, donde los docentes asumen un rol fundamental en la selección, uso y creación de recursos didácticos digitales. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en analizar las visiones del profesorado sobre los usos didácticos y organizativos de la tecnología en general y de los Recursos Educativos Digitales en particular, y la valoración tras su introducción y puesta en práctica en la etapa de Educación Infantil. En este estudio de corte cualitativo se empleó como instrumento de recogida de la información una entrevista semiestructurada a un total de 15 docentes que desempeñan su labor en el segundo ciclo de Educación Infantil en la Comunidad de Valencia, Canarias y Galicia. Los resultados muestran desacuerdos y acuerdos entre el profesorado, independientemente de la Comunidad, en cuanto a las diferencias percibidas en el uso de tecnologías por los más pequeños en los dos contextos de socialización primaria, escuela y hogar; la identificación de los factores que limitan o impulsan la integración de las tecnologías en el aula y la valoración de los recursos educativos digitales como elemento motivador en el proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje, pero que conviven con recursos manipulativos en entornos híbridos. En definitiva, el proceso de transformación digital de las escuelas parece ir por detrás de la realidad social y depende en gran medida de las características de cada centro, así como de la formación y las actitudes de los docentes frente al uso de tecnologías en la primera infancia.
Immune and endothelial activation markers and risk stratification of childhood pneumonia in Uganda: A secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study
Authors: McDonald Chloe R. , Leligdowicz Aleksandra , Conroy Andrea L. , Weckman Andrea M. , Richard-Greenblatt Melissa , Ngai Michelle , Erice Clara , Zhong Kathleen , Namasopo Sophie , Opoka Robert O. , Hawkes Michael T. , Kain Kevin C. 
Published: July 2022

Background
Despite the global burden of pneumonia, reliable triage tools to identify children in low-resource settings at risk of severe and fatal respiratory tract infection are lacking. This study assessed the ability of circulating host markers of immune and endothelial activation quantified at presentation, relative to currently used clinical measures of disease severity, to identify children with pneumonia who are at risk of death.

Methods and findings
We conducted a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of children aged 2 to 59 months presenting to the Jinja Regional Hospital in Jinja, Uganda between February 2012 and August 2013, who met the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) diagnostic criteria for pneumonia. Circulating plasma markers of immune (IL-6, IL-8, CXCL-10/IP-10, CHI3L1, sTNFR1, and sTREM-1) and endothelial (sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, Angpt-1, Angpt-2, and sFlt-1) activation measured at hospital presentation were compared to lactate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) with a primary outcome of predicting 48-hour mortality. Of 805 children with IMCI pneumonia, 616 had severe pneumonia. Compared to 10 other immune and endothelial activation markers, sTREM-1 levels at presentation had the best predictive accuracy in identifying 48-hour mortality for children with pneumonia (AUROC 0.885, 95% CI 0.841 to 0.928; p = 0.03 to p < 0.001) and severe pneumonia (AUROC 0.870, 95% CI 0.824 to 0.916; p = 0.04 to p < 0.001). sTREM-1 was more strongly associated with 48-hour mortality than lactate (AUROC 0.745, 95% CI 0.664 to 0.826; p < 0.001), respiratory rate (AUROC 0.615, 95% CI 0.528 to 0.702; p < 0.001), oxygen saturation (AUROC 0.685, 95% CI 0.594 to 0.776; p = 0.002), PCT (AUROC 0.650, 95% CI 0.566 to 0.734; p < 0.001), and CRP (AUROC 0.562, 95% CI 0.472 to 0.653; p < 0.001) in cases of pneumonia and severe pneumonia. The main limitation of this study was the unavailability of radiographic imaging.

Conclusions
In this cohort of Ugandan children, sTREM-1 measured at hospital presentation was a significantly better indicator of 48-hour mortality risk than other common approaches to risk stratify children with pneumonia. Measuring sTREM-1 at clinical presentation may improve the early triage, management, and outcome of children with pneumonia at risk of death.

Trial registration
The trial was registered at clinicaltrial.gov (NCT 04726826).
Characteristics of mental health stability during COVID-19: An online survey with people residing in a city region of the North West of England
Authors: Ujhelyi Gomez Katalin , Corcoran Rhiannon , Ring Adele , Hassan Shaima , Abba Katherine , Downing Jennifer , Goodall Mark , Gabbay Mark , Clarke Pam , Moran Paul , OBE Dorcas Akeju , Bennett Kate M. 
Published: July 2022

Background and aim
Despite the significant mental health challenges the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated government measures have presented, research has shown that the majority of people have adapted and coped well. The aim of this study was i) to determine the proportion of people with mental stability and volatility during the pandemic in a North West England city region sample and ii) to establish group differences in psychosocial variables. Mental stability and volatility refer to the extent to which individuals reported change in levels of common mental health symptoms over the course of 12 weeks. No change in mental health over the 12 weeks reflected mental stability whilst change in mental health reflected mental volatility.

Method
A two-wave-online survey (N = 163) was used to explore the psychological and social impact of the pandemic on relatively disadvantaged neighbourhoods within the region. The data collected represents 12 weeks of individual pandemic experience between mid-June and mid-December 2020. A three-level composite common mental health change variable was created combining self-reported anxiety and depression to group stable, volatile, and very volatile individuals in terms of the changeability of their mental health. Kruskal-Wallis with post-hoc tests were used to determine how people with mental stability and volatility differed on factors categorised within an ecological framework of resilience (individual, community, societal, and COVID-19 specific).

Results
Individuals categorised as ‘stable’ in terms of mental health symptoms (63.6%) had better mental and physical health; were more tolerant of uncertainty; and reported higher levels of resilience and wellbeing compared to ‘very volatile’ people (19.8%). These individuals also reported feeling less socially isolated, experienced a greater sense of belonging to their community which was more likely to fulfil their needs, and were more likely to have access to green space nearby for their recommended daily exercise. ‘Stable’ individuals did not report worrying any more during the pandemic than usual and tolerated uncertainty better compared to those in the ‘volatile’ group.

Implications
The majority of participants in this sample were mentally stable and coping well with the challenges presented by the pandemic. The resilience of these individuals was related to key place-based factors such as a strong sense of community and useable local assets. The data showcase the role of place-based social determinants in supporting resilience and thereby highlight key preventative measures for public mental health during times of international crisis.
Great Russian Scientists in the Narodnik Movement
Authors: Колокольцев Максим Геннадьевич , Kolokoltseva N.Yu. 
Published: July 2022

In the 1860s Russian society was at a bifurcation point. Changes were overdue in the country, but their implementation depended not only on the willingness of the authorities to act, but also on the ability of society to accept the upcoming changes. Political, socioeconomic achievements are a consequence of changes in public consciousness, which is formed under the influence of intellectuals and scientists. An indicator of the development of society is scientific thought.
The ideology of populism was the result of a synthesis of the ideas of socialism and Russian ideas about social development. Representatives of science have made a significant contribution to the process of forming the ideology of populism. The Narodniks sought to substantiate the natural development of society by natural scientific methods, to explain scientifically the necessity of the existence of individual freedom. The heterogeneity of populism, the presence of supporters of the ideas of terror, is explained, among other things, by the inability to realize and accept the scientific justification of practical activities, an acute desire to get results in the shortest possible time. Populist scientists were involved in the activities of the first populist associations in order to promote and organize political interaction on the basis of evolutionary development.
The Territory of the Factory Parishes of the Barnaul Ecclesiastical Government in the Second Half of the 18th — Early 19th Centuries
Authors: Sarafanov D.E. , Ilyin V.N. 
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes the number and composition of the factory parishes’ settlements of the Barnaul ecclesiastical government in the second half of the 18th — early 19th centuries. It is concluded that the parish territories were not stable. In 1750-1760 there was a process of settlements redistribution between parishes. This was due to the formation of factory churches network. In subsequent times, the boundaries of the parishes changed due to the emergence of new settlements in the study area. At the end of the period under study, the largest number of settlements was in the Vvedensky parish of the Novo-Pavlovsk plant (46), the second in terms of indicator was the Voskresensky parish of the Kolyvan plant (30). The remaining churches had a smaller number of settlements, comparable to each other (12-14).
It was revealed that most factory parishes were "formed" by two types of settlements: factory towns and villages. However, in the 1750s there was not a single rural settlement in the Peter and Paul parish of Barnaul, there were only residents of the factory. The Voskresensky parish of the Kolyvansky plant differed significantly in composition. It included the population of the factory, villages, mines and military fortifications (redoubts, outposts). The identified list of settlements will allow to build topologically correct territories of parishes using GIS tools in the future.
SESQUITERPENE LACTONS FROM AERIAL PARTS OF ARTEMISIA CAMPESTRIS (var. MARSCHALLIANA) SPRENG.
Authors: Kerimli Elʹvin Gadzhi ogly , Aleskerova Adilya Novruz kyzy , Serkerov Siradzheddin Veli ogly 
Published: July 2022

About 500 species of wormwood are known in the world. In the flora of Azerbaijan, this genus is represented by 42 taxa. The main chemicals in wormwood are shown to be sesquiterpene lactones, coumarins, steroids, and essential oils. From the aerial parts of Artemisia campestris (var. Marschalliana) Spreng., collected during the phenological phase of budding, an acetone extract was obtained, which, after removal of the solvent, was subjected to the column chromatography in neutral alumina oxide (II degree of activity) and eluted graduality with hexane, benzene, chloroform and their mixtures of increasing polarity. As a result of chromatographic separation, two sesquiterpene lactones of the eudesmann type were isolated - α-santonin (substance I) with m.p. 170–172 °С and artemisin (substance II) m.p. 201–203 °С. Moreover, an acetyl derivative of artemisin (substance III) with m.p. 196–198°C, the identification of which was carried out on the basis of physicochemical and spectral data (UV, IR, and 1H, 13C, 13C Dept 45, 13C Dept 90, 13C Dept 135 NMR spectra was obtained. Substances I and II are isolated from Artemisia campestris (var. Marschalliana) Spreng. for the first time.
PRODUCTION OF BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERIC PACKAGING MATERIALS BASED ON POLYOLEFINS AND WOOD FLOUR
Authors: Shabarin Aleksandr Aleksandrovich , Kuzmin Anton Mikhaylovich , Matushkina Yuliya Ivanovna , Shabarin Igorʹ Aleksandrovich 
Published: July 2022

The paper presents the results of a comparative study of the physics and mechanical, rheological and biodegradation characteristics of composite materials based on a mixture of polyethylenes of low (LDPE 273-83) and high (HDPE 15303-003) pressure in a ratio of 1 : 1. The composite was also filled with finely ground wood flour with a particle size of less than 200 microns (5-30% by weight) and 10% compatibilizer (functionalized by the alkaline alcoholysis splitting method of sevilene (EVA 12206-007) and a processing additive of 1% polyethylene glycol (PEG-115 (4000). It has been found that with an increase in the content of wood flour (up to 20%), the modulus of elasticity and ultimate strength practically have not changed. The tensile elongation of the composite exceeds 100% (if the content of wood flour is up to 15% by weight). The complex viscosity and shear modulus of the considered melts with different filler contents are practically at the same level. At the same time, the introduction of wood flour up to 30% and a compatibilizer (10%) promotes a slight increase in the viscosity and elasticity of melts, which practically does not affect the change in the manufacturability of the compositions in comparison with LDPE 273-83. For a comparative assessment of the ability of composites to biodegradation, moisture absorption, chemical oxygen consumption, and weight loss of composites in laboratory soil during exposure for 12 months were studied. It has been shown that as the filler content increases, the biodegradability of composites increases.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME IMPATIENS (BALSAMINACEAE) SPECIES BY THE CONTENT OF FLAVONOIDS AND ASCORBIC ACID
Authors: Kuklina Alla Georgiyevna , Tsybulko Natalʹya Stepanovna 
Published: July 2022

The present study has been conducted in the Moscow region. It is necessary to understand how individual plant organs of invasive species of Impatiens L. (Balsaminaceae) can be promising for further study, with the aim of using them as sources of medicines. Plant material was collected during the flowering time and at the beginning of fruiting (September, 2019–2020): Impatiens glandulifera Royle (Himalayan Balsam) has been studied in 3 populations; I. parviflora DC. (Small Balsam), – also in 3 populations, but I. parviflora (lilac forma) – in one population. We took the native species I. noli-tangere L. (Touch-me-not Balsam), rarely seen in the Moscow region, for comparison. It has been studied in one population. The aim of this study was to determine the content of the sum of flavonoids and ascorbic acid in the vegetative and generative organs in 2 invasive species: I. glandulifera, I. parviflora (including its lilac-flowered form), and in the native species I. noli-tangere. The biochemical analysis of 60 samples of species I. glandulifera и I. parviflora allowed us to determine the level of content of the sum of flavonoids and ascorbic acid in various organs of alien plants widespread in Russia, and to compare them. It has been found for the first time that the maximum amount of flavonoids (up to 3%, in terms of absolutely dry raw materials) in I. parviflora and I. glandulifera is concentrated in flowers, and in smaller amounts it is concentrated in leaves, fruits and stems. The analysis of ascorbic acid has shown that the maximum content of vitamin C is found in flowers: in I. glandulifera - up to 17 mg%; in I. parviflora – up to 15 mg% (in terms of absolutely dry raw materials). The native species I. noli-tangere has no difference from the invasive species Impatiens in the content of the studied biologically active substances in the vegetative organs. The accumulation of secondary metabolites in plant organs has revealed no significant differences between the typical yellow-flowered and lilac-flowered forms of I. parviflora, which serves as an additional confirmation of their taxonomic proximity.