bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Astrocyte adaptation in Alzheimer’s disease: a focus on astrocytic P2X7R
Authors: Beltran-Lobo Paula , Reid Matthew J. , Jimenez-Sanchez Maria , Verkhratsky Alexei , Perez-Nievas Beatriz G. , Noble Wendy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Astrocytes are key homeostatic and defensive cells of the central nervous system (CNS). They undertake numerous functions during development and in adulthood to support and protect the brain through finely regulated communication with other cellular elements of the nervous tissue. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), astrocytes undergo heterogeneous morphological, molecular and functional alterations represented by reactive remodelling, asthenia and loss of function. Reactive astrocytes closely associate with amyloid β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in advanced AD. The specific contribution of astrocytes to AD could potentially evolve along the disease process and includes alterations in their signalling, interactions with pathological protein aggregates, metabolic and synaptic impairments. In this review, we focus on the purinergic receptor, P2X7R, and discuss the evidence that P2X7R activation contributes to altered astrocyte functions in AD. Expression of P2X7R is increased in AD brain relative to non-demented controls, and animal studies have shown that P2X7R antagonism improves cognitive and synaptic impairments in models of amyloidosis and tauopathy. While P2X7R activation can induce inflammatory signalling pathways, particularly in microglia, we focus here specifically on the contributions of astrocytic P2X7R to synaptic changes and protein aggregate clearance in AD, highlighting cell-specific roles of this purinoceptor activation that could be targeted to slow disease progression.
A Review of Factors Contributing to Adults' Adherence to Dysphagia Dietary Recommendations Through an Ecological Lens
Authors: Nagshabandi Bedoor S. , Zinnershine Lauren , Shune Samantha E. 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this review was to identify the factors affecting adherence to dysphagia dietary recommendations, a necessary contributor to the effectiveness of this compensatory strategy.

Method:
A rapid review of two electronic databases was conducted in April 2021. Studies were included based on the following criteria: (a) were empirical studies published in English, (b) included data from the adult population, and (c) measured adherence to dietary recommendations. The ecological model and the health belief model were used as frameworks during the analysis process.

Results:
The literature search resulted in 930 unique abstracts, of which 14 articles were included based on the final criteria. Across the literature, multiple factors were identified as having an influence on adherence, classified according to three unique levels: the individual (e.g., dissatisfaction), the caregiver (e.g., knowledge), and the environment (e.g., institutional policies and values).

Conclusions:
Improving adherence to dysphagia dietary recommendations is crucial for the effectiveness of those recommendations. As suggested by the current review, increased adherence will require careful attention to the multiple levels of factors that likely play a role, acknowledging the multifaceted nature of this complex behavior. Furthermore, characterizing the multilevel factors that influence adherence can contribute to future theoretical models, which could help guide speech-language pathologists in their clinical practices.
Systemic Racism in Communication Sciences and Disorders Academic Programs: A Commentary on Trends in Racial Representation
Authors: Whitfield Jason A. 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
As a discipline, communication sciences and disorders (CSD) has struggled to address equity and inclusion for students, professionals, and scholars from historically excluded racial groups. Recent publications in this periodical that have begun to confront systemic racism in the discipline have been met with some expected resistance. In this commentary, I attempt to support and expand an argument made by Ellis and Kendall (2021), namely, that systemic racism has been and continues to be a normal and persistent feature of our academic programs. A comparison to U.S. Census data suggests that Asian, Black, Indigenous, Native, Latino/a/e, and multiracial CSD professionals are represented to a drastically lower rate compared with their representation in the population at large. Furthermore, publicly available data summaries indicate that there is a reduction in the level of racial diversity that is associated with an increase in White representation across the entire progression of the professional training and certification process, with the greatest level of diversity at the undergraduate level followed by the graduate and professional levels.

Conclusions:
A general knowledge of social and legal history in the United States would suggest that the relative reduction in representation across the academic and professional levels of the CSD disciplines results from policy and practice patterns that serve to preserve a White-dominant culture in our profession and exclude People of Color. Continued efforts broadly based in critical race studies may prove as a useful tool to identify, confront, and transform current policy and practice patterns in our national organization, academic programs, and accrediting bodies that have produced and sustained levels of inequality and White dominance in our programs and disciplines.
V838 Mon: A slow waking up of Sleeping Beauty?
Authors: Liimets T. , Kolka I. , Kraus M. , Eenmäe T. , Tuvikene T. , Augusteijn T. , Antunes Amaral L. , Djupvik A. A. , Telting J. H. , Deshev B. , Kankare E. , Kankare J. , Lindberg J. E. , Amby T. M. , Pursimo T. , Somero A. , Thygesen A. , Strøm P. A. 
Published: November 2022

Context. V838 Monocerotis is a peculiar binary that underwent an immense stellar explosion in 2002, leaving behind an expanding cool supergiant and a hot B3V companion. Five years after the outburst, the B3V companion disappeared from view, and has not returned to its original state.
Aims. We investigate the changes in the light curve and spectral features to explain the behaviour of V838 Mon during the current long-lasting minimum.
Methods. A monitoring campaign has been performed over the past 13 years with the Nordic Optical Telescope to obtain optical photometric and spectroscopic data. The datasets are used to analyse the temporal evolution of the spectral features and the spectral energy distribution, and to characterise the object.
Results. Our photometric data show a steady brightening in all bands over the past 13 years, which is particularly prominent in the blue. This rise is also reflected in the spectra, showing a gradual relative increase in the continuum flux at shorter wavelengths. In addition, a slow brightening of the Hα emission line starting in 2015 was detected. These changes might imply that the B3V companion is slowly reappearing. During the same time interval, our analysis reveals a considerable change in the observed colours of the object along with a steady decrease in the strength and width of molecular absorption bands in our low-resolution spectra. These changes suggest a rising temperature of the cool supergiant along with a weakening of its wind, most likely combined with a slow recovery of the secondary due to the evaporation of the dust and accretion of the material from the shell in which the hot companion is embedded. From our medium-resolution spectra, we find that the heliocentric radial velocity of the atomic absorption line of Ti I 6556.06 Å has been stable for more than a decade. We propose that Ti I lines are tracing the velocity of the red supergiant in V838 Mon, and do not represent the infalling matter as previously stated.
Relativistic contributions to the rotation of Mars
Authors: Baland R.-M. , Hees A. , Yseboodt M. , Bourgoin A. , Le Maistre S. 
Published: November 2022

Context. The orientation and rotation of Mars can be described by a set of Euler angles (longitude, obliquity, and rotation angles) and estimated from radioscience data (tracking of orbiters and landers), which can then be used to infer the planet's internal properties. The data are analyzed using a modeling expressed within the barycentric celestial reference system (BCRS). This modeling includes several relativistic contributions that need to be properly taken into account to avoid any misinterpretation of the data.
Aims. We provide new and more accurate (to the 0.1 mas level) estimations of the relativistic corrections to be included in the BCRS model of the orientation and rotation of Mars.
Methods. There are two types of relativistic contributions with regard to Mars's rotation and orientation: (i) those that directly impact the Euler angles and (ii) those resulting from the time transformation between a local Mars reference frame and BCRS. The former contribution essentially corresponds to the geodetic effect, as well as to the smaller Lense-Thirring and Thomas precession effects, and we computed their values assuming that Mars evolves on a Keplerian orbit. As for the latter contribution, we computed the effect of the time transformation and compared the rotation angle corrections obtained, based on the assumption that the planets evolve on Keplerian orbits, with the corrections obtained, based on realistic orbits as described by the ephemerides.
Results. The relativistic correction in longitude mainly comes from the geodetic effect and results in a geodetic precession (6.754 mas yr−1) and geodetic annual nutation (0.565 mas amplitude). For the rotation angle, the correction is dominated by the effect of the time transformation. The main annual, semiannual, and terannual terms display amplitudes of 166.954 mas, 7.783 mas, and 0.544 mas, respectively. The amplitude of the annual term differs by about 9 mas from the estimate usually considered by the community. We identified new terms at the Mars-Jupiter and Mars-Saturn synodic periods (0.567 mas and 0.102 mas amplitude) that are relevant considering the current level of uncertainty of the measurements, as well as a contribution to the rotation rate (7.3088 mas day−1). There is no significant correction that applies to the obliquity.
Analysis of minimum ionising particles and soft protons using XMM-Newton EPIC pn-CCD as a particle detector
Authors: Bender V. , De Canio G. , Freyberg M. J. , Kirsch M. G. F. 
Published: November 2022

Context. Spacecrafts with imaging telescopes often carry a charge-coupled device (CCD) in their focal plane to detect electromagnetic radiation. Charged particles such as electrons, protons, and heavy ions can reach the CCD and deposit their energy in the detector material. To counteract this undesirable effect, algorithms are usually implemented to reject them. On the other hand, CCDs can also be seen as particle detectors.
Aims. Even though rejection algorithms are often active to immediately discard undesired radiation, data including charged particles of ESA's XMM-Newton and Gaia were stored over the whole mission lifetime. In this article we primarily analyse and characterise the charged particles that were detected by XMM-Newton. A comparison to data from Gaia's CCDs is also presented.
Methods. To characterise the particle flux in the spacecraft orbits we used all publicly available observations where no rejection algorithm was used in combination with observations where the rejection algorithm was used. The particle flux is analysed over time and space of the XMM-Newton orbit. Comparisons to external data are shown as well.
Results. Our analysis shows that the rate of charged particle events has a modulation of about 11 yr and that particle flux and solar activity are anti-correlated. Moreover, we also show that often more than one charged particle hits the CCD simultaneously.
Conclusions. Rejection algorithms are typically used to remove charged particle detection and preserve the scientific data missions. In this article, using XMM-Newton and Gaia data, we show that by neglecting rejection algorithms, charged particles detected on CCDs can be analysed and characterised over the spacecraft orbit.
Deep solar ALMA neural network estimator for image refinement and estimates of small-scale dynamics
Authors: Eklund Henrik 
Published: November 2022

Context. The solar atmosphere is highly dynamic, and observing the small-scale features is valuable for interpretations of the underlying physical processes. The contrasts and magnitude of the observable signatures of small-scale features degrade as angular resolution decreases.
Aims. The estimates of the degradation associated with the observational angular resolution allows a more accurate analysis of the data.
Methods. High-cadence time-series of synthetic observable maps at λ = 1.25 mm were produced from three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic Bifrost simulations of the solar atmosphere and degraded to the angular resolution corresponding to observational data with the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA). The deep solar ALMA neural network estimator (Deep-SANNE) is an artificial neural network trained to improve the resolution and contrast of solar observations. This is done by recognizing dynamic patterns in both the spatial and temporal domains of small-scale features at an angular resolution corresponding to observational data and correlated them to highly resolved nondegraded data from the magnetohydrodynamic simulations. A second simulation, previously never seen by Deep-SANNE, was used to validate the performance.
Results. Deep-SANNE provides maps of the estimated degradation of the brightness temperature across the field of view, which can be used to filter for locations that most probably show a high accuracy and as correction factors in order to construct refined images that show higher contrast and more accurate brightness temperatures than at the observational resolution. Deep-SANNE reveals more small-scale features in the data and achieves a good performance in estimating the excess temperature of brightening events with an average of 94.0% relative to the highly resolved data, compared to 43.7% at the observational resolution. By using the additional information of the temporal domain, Deep-SANNE can restore high contrasts better than a standard two-dimensional deconvolver technique. In addition, Deep-SANNE is applied on observational solar ALMA data, for which it also reveals eventual artifacts that were introduced during the image reconstruction process, in addition to improving the contrast. It is important to account for eventual artifacts in the analysis.
Conclusions. The Deep-SANNE estimates and refined images are useful for an analysis of small-scale and dynamic features. They can identify locations in the data with high accuracy for an in-depth analysis and allow a more meaningful interpretation of solar observations.
Analysis of the planetary mass uncertainties on the accuracy of atmospherical retrieval
Authors: Di Maio C. , Changeat Q. , Benatti S. , Micela G. 
Published: November 2022

Context. Characterising the properties of exoplanet atmospheres relies on several interconnected parameters, which makes it difficult to determine them independently. Planetary mass plays a role in determining the scale height of atmospheres, similarly to the contribution from the average molecular weight of the gas. Analogously, the clouds masking the real atmospheric scale height make it difficult to correctly derive the atmospheric properties.
Aims. We investigate the relevance of planetary mass knowledge in spectral retrievals, identifying cases where mass measurements are needed for clear or cloudy and primary or secondary atmospheres, along with the relevant precision, in the context of the ESA M4 Ariel Mission.
Methods. We used TauREx to simulate the Ariel transmission spectra of representative targets of the Ariel mission reference sample, assuming different scenarios: a primordial cloudy atmosphere of a hot Jupiter and a hot Neptune, as well as the secondary atmosphere of a super-Earth that also exhibits a cloud presence. We extracted information on the various properties of the atmospheres for the cases of unknown mass or mass with different uncertainties. We also tested how the signal-to-noise ratio impacts atmospheric retrieval for different wavelength ranges.
Results. We accurately retrieved the primordial atmospheric composition independently from mass uncertainties for clear atmospheres, while we found that the uncertainties increased for high altitude clouds. We highlight the importance of the signal-to-noise ratio in the Rayleigh scattering region of the spectrum, which is crucial to retrieving the cloud pressure and to accurately retrieving all other relevant parameters. For the secondary atmosphere cases, a mass uncertainty no larger than 50% is sufficient to retrieve the atmospheric parameters, even in the presence of clouds.
Conclusions. Our analysis suggests that even in the worst-case scenario, a 50% mass precision level is enough for producing reliable retrievals, while an atmospheric retrieval without any knowledge of a planetary mass could lead to biases in cloudy primary atmospheres as well as in secondary atmospheres.
GD 99: Re-investigation of an old ZZ Ceti companion
Authors: Bognár Zs. , Sódor Á. , Mező Gy. 
Published: November 2022

Context. Thanks to photometric space missions, we have access to more and more information on the properties of white dwarf stars, especially pulsating ones. In the case of pulsators, we have the opportunity to get an insight into their otherwise hidden interiors by the means of asteroseismology. In addition to space-based observations, we also take advantage of the opportunity to study the pulsations of white dwarf stars from the ground, either as observations that are complementary to space-based measurements or individual observing runs on selected targets across long timescales.
Aims. We aim to investigate long-term, single-site observations of the bright, yet scarcely studied ZZ Ceti star, GD 99. Our main goals are to determine as many eigenmodes for asteroseismology as possible and then to carry out a seismic analysis of this target.
Methods. We performed a Fourier analysis of the light curves obtained in different epochs. After finding the normal modes of the pulsation, we ran the 2018 version of the White Dwarf Evolution Code to build model grids for the period fits. We compared the seismic distance of the best-fit model with the geometric value provided by Gaia measurements.
Results. We find that GD 99 is rich in pulsation modes in the ∼200 − 1100 s period range, as we detected seven new periods. Together with the literature data, we were able to use 11 modes for the asteroseismic fits. We accepted an asteroseismic model solution with Teff = 13 500 K and M* = 0.80 M⊙ as a best fit; however, this suggests a hotter and more massive star than we might have expected based on the spectroscopic values. We also estimated the rotational rate of the star to be 13.17 h, based on TESS observations.
Das Lipödem
Authors: Wollina Uwe 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Lipödem ist eine Erkrankung des Fett- und Bindegewebes, die fast
ausnahmslos bei Frauen auftritt. Die Diagnose wird klinisch gestellte aufgrund
bestimmter Merkmale. Leitsymptom ist die Schmerzhaftigkeit des Fettgewebes. Ein
weiteres typisches Merkmal ist die Gefäßfragilität, die
zu Hämatomen nach Minortraumen führt. Die typische
disproportionale, symmetrische Fettgewebehypertrophie bezieht Unter- und
Oberschenkel, Hüften, Gesäß, Unter- und Oberarme ein und
läßt die distalen Extremitäten sowie den Rumpf
unbeteiligt. Es wird eine X-chromosomale dominante oder autosomal-dominante
Vererbung angenommen. Die Ätiologie und Pathogenese sind unzureichend
erforscht. In der Therapie werden konservative und operative Maßnahmen
eingesetzt. Ziel der Therapie ist die Verbesserung der Lebensqualität,
Reduzierung der Stigmatisierung, Erhalt oder Verbesserung der Mobilität
und Vermeidung von Folgeschäden wie der Gonarthrose.
Der Einfluss von lokaler Muskelermüdung und Fußaufsatztechnik auf die kinematischen Merkmale und die plantare Druckverteilung beim Laufen
Authors: Walaa Eldin Aly Hazzaa , Mattes Klaus 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungTrotz zahlreicher Studien liegen keine eindeutigen Befunde vor, die eine bedeutsame Aussage darüber treffen, wie sich der Fußaufsatz durch eine muskuläre Ermüdung verändert. Bei Untersuchungen mit Laufermüdung kann nicht differenziert werden, welche kinematischen oder kinetischen Veränderungen ein unmittelbares Ergebnis der lokalen Muskelermüdung und variierten Geschwindigkeiten darstellen. Ziel der Studie war die Untersuchung der Wirkung der Fußaufsatztechnik und der lokalen Muskelermüdung der Plantar- und Dorsalflexoren auf die plantare Druckverteilung sowie ausgewählte kinematische Merkmale beim Laufen auf dem Laufband. An der Studie nahmen 26 freiwillige Vor- und Rückfußläufer*innen vergleichbaren Alters und vergleichbarer Körpermasse teil. Jede Gruppe absolvierte 2 Testabläufe mit einem zeitlichen Abstand von 3–7 Tagen. Die kinematische Datenerfassung erfolgte mithilfe eines 3-dimensionalen Mess- und Analysesystems während des Laufens auf dem Laufband. Das Ermüdungsprotokoll umfasste einen isometrischen Maximalkrafttest und einen isokinetischen Ausdauertest. Zur Überprüfung der Unterschiede wurde eine 2-faktorielle Varianzanalyse mit Messwiederholung berechnet. Die Kraftwerte der beiden Läufer*innengruppen wiesen signifikante Unterschiede bei den Plantarflexoren im Kraftausdauertest und beim Ermüdungsindex mit im Durchschnitt höheren Werten der Rückfußläufer*innen sowohl für das linke als auch das rechte Bein. Die Ergebnisse der Kraftwerte überraschen, denn aufgrund des Vorfußaufsatzes beim regelmäßigen Laufen sollten die Plantarflexoren dieser Läufer*innengruppe gut trainiert sein. Nach Ermüdung reduzierten sich die Druckmaxima unter den exponiert belasteten Fußzonen, d.h. unter dem Vorderfuß beim Vorfußaufsatz und unter der Ferse beim Rückfußaufsatz. Die beiden Läufer*innengruppen differierten im Fußwinkel bei Foot on mit höheren Werten der Vorfußläufer*innen. Der größere Fußwinkel der Vorfußläufer*innen verbessert die Schockabsorption und kann so das Verletzungsrisiko verringern. In einer weiteren Studie sollten gewohnheitsmäßige Barfußläufer*innen ausgewählt werden.