bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond Lassa Fever: Systemic and structural barriers to disease detection and response in Sierra Leone
Authors: Rohan Hana 
Published: May 2022

Background
Lassa fever (LF) often presents clinically as undifferentiated febrile illness. Lassa Fever cases in Sierra Leone have been falling since the 2014–2016 Ebola epidemic. Data from other LF endemic countries suggest that this is not a true reflection of local epidemiological decline, but rather a function of either health seeking behaviour or the health/referral system. In Sierra Leone, many other diseases present with a similar early clinical picture, including COVID-19 and Marburg Disease (which has recently emerged in neighbouring Guinea). This empirical study explores the implementation of health system processes associated with International Health Regulations (IHR) requirements for early detection and timely and effective responses to the spread of febrile disease, through the case study of LF in Sierra Leone.

Methodology/Principal findings
This study used a qualitative approach to analyse local policy and guidance documents, key informant interviews with policy and practice actors, and focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with health care workers (HCWs) and community health workers (CHWs) in Kenema District to examine the ways in which undifferentiated fever surveillance and response policies and processes were implemented in the post-Ebola period. Multiple challenges were identified, including: issues with the LF case definition, approaches to differential diagnosis, specimen transport and the provision of results, and ownership of laboratory data. These issues lead to delays in diagnosis, and potentially worse outcomes for individual patients, as well as affecting the system’s ability to respond to outbreak-prone disease.

Conclusions/Significance
Identification of ways to improve the system requires balancing vertical disease surveillance programmes against other population health needs. Therefore, health system challenges to early identification of LF specifically have implications for the effectiveness of the wider Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) system in Sierra Leone more generally. Sentinel surveillance or improved surveillance at maternity facilities would help improve viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF) surveillance, as well as knowledge of LF epidemiology. Strengthening surveillance for vertical disease programmes, if correctly targeted, could have downstream benefits for COVID-19 surveillance and response as well as the wider health system—and therefore patient outcomes more generally.
Relationship of neighborhood and individual socioeconomic status on mortality among older adults: Evidence from cross-level interaction analyses
Authors: Kim Taehyun 
Published: May 2022

Background
The influence of community context and individual socioeconomic status on health is widely recognized. However, the dynamics of how the relationship of neighborhood context on health varies by individual socioeconomic status is less well understood.

Objective
To examine the relationship between neighborhood context and mortality among older adults and examine how the influence of neighborhood context on mortality differs by individual socioeconomic status, using two measures of income-level and homeownership.

Research design and subjects
A retrospective study of 362,609 Medicare Advantage respondents to the 2014–2015 Medicare Health Outcomes Survey aged 65 and older.

Measures
Neighborhood context was defined using the deciles of the Area Deprivation Index. Logistic regression was used to analyze mortality with interaction terms between income/homeownership and neighborhood deciles to examine cross-level relationships, controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, number of chronic conditions, obese/underweight, difficulties in activities of daily living, smoking status, and survey year. Predicted mortality rates by group were calculated from the logistic model results.

Results
Low-income individuals (8.9%) and nonhomeowners (9.1%) had higher mortality rates compared to higher-income individuals (5.3%) and homeowners (5.3%), respectively, and the differences were significant across all neighborhoods even after adjustment. With regression adjustment, older adults residing in less disadvantaged neighborhoods showed lower predicted 2-year mortality among high-income (4.86% in the least disadvantaged neighborhood; 6.06% in the most disadvantaged neighborhood; difference p-value<0.001) or homeowning individuals (4.73% in the least disadvantaged neighborhood; 6.25% in the most disadvantaged neighborhood; difference p-value<0.001). However, this study did not observe a significant difference in predicted mortality rates among low-income individuals by neighborhood (8.7% in the least disadvantaged neighborhood; 8.61% in the most disadvantaged neighborhood; difference p-value = 0.825).

Conclusions
Low-income or non-homeowning older adults had a higher risk of mortality regardless of neighborhood socioeconomic status. While living in a less disadvantaged neighborhood provided a protective association for higher-income or homeowning older adults, low-income older adults did not experience an observable benefit.
Movement quantity and quality: How do they relate to pain and disability in dancers?
Authors: Hendry Danica , Campbell Amity , Smith Anne , Hopper Luke , Straker Leon , O’Sullivan Peter 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveThis field-based study aimed to determine the association between pre-professional student dancers’ movement quantity and quality with (i) pain severity and (ii) pain related disability.MethodsPre-professional female ballet and contemporary dance students (n = 52) participated in 4 time points of data collection over a 12-week university semester. At each time point dancers provided self-reported pain outcomes (Numerical Rating Scale as a measure of pain severity and Patient Specific Functional Scale as a measure of pain related disability) and wore a wearable sensor system. This system combined wearable sensors with previously developed machine learning models capable of capturing movement quantity and quality outcomes. A series of linear mixed models were applied to determine if there was an association between dancers’ movement quantity and quality over the 4 time points with pain severity and pain related disability.ResultsAlmost all dancers (n = 50) experienced pain, and half of the dancers experienced disabling pain (n = 26). Significant associations were evident for pain related disability and movement quantity and quality variables. Specifically, greater pain related disability was associated with more light activity, fewer leg lifts to the front, a shorter average duration of leg lifts to the front and fewer total leg lifts. Greater pain related disability was also associated with higher thigh elevation angles to the side. There was no evidence for associations between movement quantity and quality variables and pain severity.DiscussionDespite a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, dancers’ levels of pain severity and disability were generally low. Between-person level associations were identified between dancers’ movement quantity and quality, and pain related disability. These findings may reflect dancers’ adaptations to pain related disability, while they continue to dance. This proof-of-concept research provides a compelling model for future work exploring dancers’ pain using field-based, serial data collection.
Staff and resident perceptions on the introduction of a team based multi-specialty resident night shift system
Authors: Katz Steven J. 
Published: May 2022

Objectives
To determine the perceptions of staff and resident physicians on the impact of implementation of a new team based multi-specialty resident night shift system.

Methods
An electronic survey was distributed anonymously to all resident physicians in the Core Internal Medicine residency program at the University of Alberta. A similar survey was distributed to staff physicians in the 4 specialties impacted by this new system: hematology, respirology, nephrology and gastroenterology.

Results
74 physicians completed the survey. A majority of respondents (67%) indicated the new system was a positive change. Most shared it was better than traditional 1 in 4 call (65%), with resident physicians appreciating the team based nature of the system (65%), and just more than half of residents (55%) indicating this system improved their overall wellness. Most respondents (78%) did not feel the additional handover required had a negative impact. Respondents indicated daytime teaching and feedback improved as a result of this system (52%) with most others indicating it had no impact, although overnight feedback remained a challenge.

Conclusion
The implementation of this new team based system was well accepted by both staff and resident physicians across a number of domains. Future study is required to determine its impact on access and quality of care.
Lessons from a systematic literature search on diagnostic DNA methylation biomarkers for colorectal cancer: how to increase research value and decrease research waste
Authors: Feng Zheng , Oberije Cary J.G. , van de Wetering Alouisa J.P. , Koch Alexander , Wouters Nathalie Vaes Kim. A.D. , Masclee Ad A. M. , Carvalho Beatriz , Meijer Gerrit A. , Zeegers Maurice P. , Herman James G. , Melotte Veerle , van Engeland Manon , Smits Kim M. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Background
To improve colorectal cancer (CRC) survival and lower incidence rates, colonoscopy and/or fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) screening is widely implemented. Although candidate DNA methylation biomarkers have been published to improve or complement FIT, clinical translation is limited. Here, we describe technical and methodological problems encountered after a systematic literature search and provide recommendations to increase (clinical) value and decrease research waste in biomarker research. Additionally, we present current evidence for diagnostic CRC DNA methylation biomarkers.
Methods
A systematic literature search identified 331 diagnostic DNA methylation marker studies published before November 2020 in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, or Google Scholar. For 136 bodily fluid studies, extended data extraction was performed. STARD criteria and level of evidence were registered to assess reporting quality and strength for clinical translation.
Results
Our systematic literature search revealed multiple issues, that hamper the development of DNA methylation biomarkers for CRC diagnosis, including methodological and technical heterogeneity, and lack of validation or clinical translation. For example, clinical translation and independent validation was limited, with 100/434 (23%) markers studied in bodily fluids, 3/434 (0.7%) translated into clinical tests, and independent validation for 92/411 (22%) tissue markers and 59/100 (59%) bodily fluids markers.
Discussion
This systematic literature search revealed that major requirements to develop clinically relevant diagnostic CRC DNA methylation markers are often lacking. To avoid the resulting research waste, clinical needs, intended biomarker use and independent validation should be better considered prior to study design. In addition, improved reporting quality would facilitate meta-analysis, thereby increasing level of evidence and enabling clinical translation.
The spatial prediction and optimization of production-living-ecological space based on Markov–PLUS model: A case study of Yunnan Province
Authors: Wang Lingling , Zhou Shijian , Ouyang Shuangyan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Production-living-ecological space (PLES) reflects the main function of land use types. It is one of the main directions that many scholars researched to evaluate, predict, and optimize the land space from the perspective of PLES. Yunnan Province is affected by such factors as economy, topography, and natural environment. The conflict of PLES is serious, and the problems of spatial planning development are prominent. This study aims at the current status of PLES, based on the establishment of restrictive constraints such as ecological red line, arable land minimum, and natural reserves. Meanwhile, these constraints were combined with the development planning of the Yunnan Province to forecast the quantitative structure change in the PLES in Yunnan Province in 2035 and 2050, coupling Markov and PLUS models to optimize the future space layout. This study can provide a scientific basis for the optimization of land space in Yunnan Province and other areas. The prediction accuracy of the Markov–PLUS model is 98.55%, which can be effectively used to simulate and predict the distribution of PLES in Yunnan in 2035 and 2050. From 2010 to 2015, the disordered layout of PLES in the Yunnan Province was obvious, and the ecological space (ES) seriously occupied the production space (PS) and living space (LS). In 2035 and 2050, the industrial production space (IPS) of Yunnan Province expands and presents distinct regional aggregation. LS and the water ecological space (WES) areas have increased. The layout of PLES in 2035 and 2050 of Yunnan Province mainly centers on PS. The orderly development of IPS promotes the regional economic growth, ensures that the agricultural production space (APS) will not be damaged and allocates the ES reasonably. It will also promote the overall optimization and coordinated development of PLES in Yunnan Province.
Generalization method of generating the continuous nested distributions
Authors: Farooq Mian Muhammad , Mohsin Muhammad , Farman Muhammad , Akgül Ali , Saleem Muhammad Umer 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In many life time scenarios, life of one component or system nested in other components or systems. To model these complex structures some so called nested models are required rather than conventional models. This paper introduces the generalization of the method of generating continuous distribution proposed by N. Eugene, C. Lee, and F. Famoye, “Beta-normal distribution and its applications,” Commun. Stat. Theor. Methods, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 497–512, 2002 and A. Alzaatreh, C. Lee, and F. Famoye, “A new method for generating families of continuous distributions,” Metron, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 63–79, 2013 which nest one model in other to cope with complex systems. Some important characteristics of the proposed family of generalized distribution have been studied. The famous Beta, Kumaraswami and Gamma generated distributions are special cases of our suggested procedure. Some new distributions have also been developed by using the suggested methodology and their important properties have been discussed as well. A variety of real life data sets are used to demonstrate the efficacy of new suggested distributions and illation is made with baseline models.
The social semiotic study of vocal acting – the Hollywood Golden Age films as examples
Authors: Zhang Zhen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study argues that voice is a communicative tool used in people’s daily life, and it can also be a vocal apparatus for actors to deliver acting functions in films. In this study, the author demonstrated how actors project voice qualities of pitch, loudness and intonation to achieve various communicative functions in vocal acting by investigating four selected Hollywood films. The speech analysis tool Praat was used to process actors’ voice qualities in the selected data to verify the argument. After investigation, this research discovered that actors can use voice qualities to represent information and emotion and indicate characters’ attitudes, relationships and situations. Moreover, this research revealed that actors’ voice is more dynamic than other acting participants (such as makeup, costume).
The crystal structure of diaqua-bis(6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylato-κ2N,O) manganese(II) — water — dimethylformamide (1/2/1), C27H31N3O9Mn
Authors: Wang Li-Hua , Tai Xi-Shi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
C27H31N3O9Mn, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.8917(9) Å, b = 11.2673(16) Å, c = 23.077(3) Å, β = 93.319(10)°, V = 2827.2(6) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0735, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1938, T = 250 K.
Desempenho de Processos em uma Organização Pública: O Caso dos Processos de Emissão de CCU e TD no INCRA/SR(03)
Authors: Sá Larissa Gomes Holanda de , Cavalcanti de Moraes Ionete , Corrêa Maria Iraê de Souza , Cabral Romilson Marques , Peixoto Carol Soares Bezerra de Sá 
Published: May 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os pontos críticos dos processos de titulação do INCRA. O estudo de processos permite revisar procedimentos e implementar melhorias no serviço público em geral. Na fundamentação teórica, utilizaram-se estudos de gestão por processos e trabalhos que investigaram pontos críticos dos processos nas instituições públicas. Como abordagem metodológica, optou-se pelo estudo qualitativo de caso único. O corpus constituiu-se pela transcrição das entrevistas com servidores e das notas de observação de campo. Para análise, adotou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo realizada a partir de uma categorização preliminar. Para auxiliar a sistematização, utilizou-se o software Atlas/Ti. Foram identificados os seguintes pontos críticos nos processos investigados: cultura organizacional, recursos tecnológicos disponíveis, estrutura organizacional, aspectos normativos, entre outros. Conclui-se que a maioria dos pontos críticos encontrados não são gerenciáveis pelo INCRA/SR(03), são determinados por fatores do ambiente externo (INCRA/SEDE, Governo Federal e outras organizações).
Konsep Wisata Halal dan Hak-hak Wisatawan dalam Perspektif Fikih
Authors: Huda Bakhrul 
Published: May 2022

Abstract: This study aims to answer what are the provisions of Halal Tourism from the perspective of Fiqh? How can a tourist area be said to be halal (permitted in Islam)?, and what are the rights of tourists to Halal Tourism destinations?. By using non-interactive qualitative research, data in this study were collected from the verses of the Qur'ān, Matan Hadīth, Maqālah (statement and opinion) of the Moslem scholars regarding the explanations of these verses and Hadīth, also articles and proceedings relevant to the theme. The result of the study is that tourism can be categorized in the halal category as long as it does not leave one of the following destinations; going to Ḥaram (The Sacred Mosque), connecting kinship, visiting Ulamā’ or pious people, recreation for body and soul refreshment, fulfilling invitations or shar'ī events, service or work and da'wah. A tourist area can be categorized as a halal by fulfilling the following conditions; facilities of worship are available, there are no haram or munkar facilities, there is no haram food and drink, giving a tourists rights, there is no injustice, environmentally friendly, preserves local norms and values ​​as long as it does not conflict with sharia values. Meanwhile, the rights of tourists visiting the Halal Tourism area are; getting life protection, getting access to worship, guaranteed luggage safety, getting the facilities offered, and being protected from injustice.
Keywords: Halal Tourism Concept; Halal Tourism Area; Tourist Rights; Fiqh

Abstrak: Penelitian dalam artikel ini ingin menjawab bagaimana ketentuan Wisata Halal dalam perspektif Fikih? Bagaimana area wisata dapat dikatakan halal?, dan apa hak-hak wisatawan destinasi Wisata Halal?. Dengan menggunakan penelitian kualitatif non-interaktif, data dikumpulkan dari Ayat al-Qur’an, Matan Hadis, maqālah para ulama tentang penjelasan Ayat dan Hadis tersebut, artikel dan prosiding yang relevan dengan tema. Hasilnya, bahwa Wisata dapat masuk kategori Halal selama tidak keluar dari salah satu tujuan berikut; pergi ke Tanah Haram, silaturrahim, menziarahi Ulama atau orang saleh, rekreasi penyegaran jiwa dan raga, memenuhi undangan atau acara yang shar‘ī, dinas atau kerja dan dakwah. Sebuah area wisata dapat dikatakan Halal jika memenuhi semua ketentuan sebagai berikut, yaitu; tersedia sarana ibadah, tidak ada fasilitas haram atau munkar, tidak ada makanan-minuman haram, memberikan hak-hak wisatawan, tidak ada kezaliman, ramah lingkungan, melestarikan norma dan nilai setempat selama tidak bertentangan dengan syariah. Sedangkan hak-hak wisatawan yang berkunjung di area Wisata Halal adalah; mendapat perlindungan jiwa, mendapatkan akses ibadah, terjamin keamanan barang bawaan, mendapatkan fasilitas yang ditawarkan, dan terjaga dari kezaliman.
Kata Kunci: Konsep Wisata Halal; Area Wisata Halal; Hak Wisatawan; Fikih
Diversifikasi Pendanaan: Dampak pada Kinerja Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Yaman Afdhal , Holle Mohammad H. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract: The implementation of the diversification strategy carried out by banks and how it impacts performance has become an exciting issue for academics and management practitioners to discuss because the final result of implementing the strategy is still debatable whether it can bring benefits or otherwise harm banking performance. Islamic banks, as banks that are still in the stage of development, have more significant potential to benefit from implementing a diversification strategy. This study aims to examine the effect of diversification on the performance of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia, especially funding diversification during the 2010-2020 period. Sources of data were obtained from the official website of the Financial Services Authority www.ojk.go.id, and every Islamic commercial bank. Panel data analysis was used to regress the variables in this study. The cost to income ratio (BOPO) represents cost efficiency as a proxy for measuring the performance of Islamic commercial banks. The size of the bank, which is interacted with the diversification of funding, is used as a moderating variable. This study shows that the effect of funding diversification on Islamic commercial banks is positive and significant, and there is an interaction between bank size and funding diversification that affects the performance of Islamic commercial banks in the opposite direction.
Keywords: Diversification; Adjusted Hirshmann-Herfindahl index; Cost-efficiency.

Abstrak: Penerapan strategi diversifikasi yang lakukan oleh perbankan dan bagaimana dampaknya terhadap kinerja telah menjadi isu yang menarik bagi para akademisi maupun praktisi manajemen untuk dibahas karena hasil akhir dari penerapan strategi tersebut masih diperdebatkan apakah dapat membawa manfaat atau sebaliknya berdampak negatif terhadap kinerja perbankan. Bank syariah sebagai bank yang masih dalam tahapan untuk berkembang memiliki potensi yang lebih besar untuk memperoleh manfaat dari penerapan strategi diversifikasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguji pengaruh diversifikasi terhadap kinerja bank umum syariah di Indonesia khususnya diversifikasi pendanaan selama periode tahun 2010-2020. Sumber data diperoleh dari laman resmi Otoritas Jasa Keuangan www.ojk.go.id dan setiap bank umum syariah. Analisis data panel digunakan sebagai metode dalam meregresi variabel-variabel pada penelitian ini. Rasio biaya terhadap pendapatan (BOPO) merepresentasikan efisiensi biaya sebagai proksi pengukuran kinerja bank umum syariah. Ukuran bank yang diinteraksikan dengan diversifikasi pendanaan digunakan sebagai variabel moderasi. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa pengaruh diversifikasi pendanaan terhadap bank umum syariah adalah positif signifikan dan terdapat interaksi antara ukuran bank dengan diversifikasi pendanaan yang memengaruhi kinerja bank umum syariah secara berlawanan.
Keywords: Diversifikasi; Adjusted Hirshmann-Herfindahl Index; Efisiensi Biaya.