bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coloured-noise-induced transport in a model of the thermochemical reactor
Authors: Ryashko L. B. , Pisarchik A. N. 
Published: January 2022

In this paper, effects of coloured noise on the stochastic excitement in a model of the thermochemical flow reactor are studied. Transport phenomena associated with noise-induced generation of large-amplitude oscillations are investigated depending on the correlation time of coloured noise. We study how probability of the noise-induced excitement is related to the stochastic sensitivity of the system to coloured noise with certain correlation characteristics. Parameter zones of the high stochastic sensitivity are found and discussed in connection with occurrence of resonance.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Transport phenomena in complex systems (part 2)’.
Structure diagram and dynamics of formation of hexagonal boron nitride in phase-field crystal model
Authors: Ankudinov V. , Galenko P. K. 
Published: January 2022

The phase-field crystal (PFC-model) is a powerful tool for modelling of the crystallization in colloidal and metallic systems. In the present work, the modified hyperbolic phase-field crystal model for binary systems is presented. This model takes into account slow and fast dynamics of moving interfaces for both concentration and relative atomic number density (which were taken as order parameters). The model also includes specific mobilities for each dynamical field and correlated noise terms. The dynamics of chemical segregation with origination of mixed pseudo-hexagonal binary phase (the so-called ‘triangle phase’) is used as a benchmark in two spatial dimensions for the developing model. Using the free energy functional and specific lattice vectors for hexagonal crystal, the structure diagram of co-existence of liquid and three-dimensional hexagonal phase for the binary PFC-model was carried out. Parameters of the crystal lattice correspond to the hexagonal boron nitride (BN) crystal, the values of which have been taken from the literature. The paper shows the qualitative agreement between the developed structure diagram of the PFC model and the previously known equilibrium diagram for BN constructed using thermodynamic functions.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Transport phenomena in complex systems (part 2)’.
Multiscale analysis of crystalline defect formation in rapid solidification of pure aluminium and aluminium–copper alloys
Authors: Pinomaa Tatu , Lindroos Matti , Jreidini Paul , Haapalehto Matias , Ammar Kais , Wang Lei , Forest Samuel , Provatas Nikolas , Laukkanen Anssi 
Published: January 2022

Rapid solidification leads to unique microstructural features, where a less studied topic is the formation of various crystalline defects, including high dislocation densities, as well as gradients and splitting of the crystalline orientation. As these defects critically affect the material’s mechanical properties and performance features, it is important to understand the defect formation mechanisms, and how they depend on the solidification conditions and alloying. To illuminate the formation mechanisms of the rapid solidification induced crystalline defects, we conduct a multiscale modelling analysis consisting of bond-order potential-based molecular dynamics (MD), phase field crystal-based amplitude expansion simulations, and sequentially coupled phase field–crystal plasticity simulations. The resulting dislocation densities are quantified and compared to past experiments. The atomistic approaches (MD, PFC) can be used to calibrate continuum level crystal plasticity models, and the framework adds mechanistic insights arising from the multiscale analysis.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Transport phenomena in complex systems (part 2)’.
Amorphization and nanocrystal formation in a Pd–Ni–Cu–P alloy after cooling under different conditions
Authors: Kharanzhevskiy E. V. , Galenko P. K. , Rettenmayr M. , Koch S. , Wonneberger R. , Zamoryanskaya M. V. , Yagovkina M. A. , Kirilenko D. A. , Bershtein V. A. , Yakushev P. N. , Egorova L. M. , Orekhova K. N. , Lebedev V. G. , Egorov A. V. , Senchenkov A. S. 
Published: January 2022

Structure formation during solidification of a Pd–Ni–Cu–P melt is studied. It is demonstrated that changes in the heat transfer conditions lead to a nonlinear change in the characteristics of the structure. The article presents the regimes of cooling the samples and the results of their structure and composition studies. It is found that a decrease in the cooling rate of the alloy leads to an increase in the size, proportion and composition of nanoinclusions in an amorphous matrix. X-ray diffraction method, electron probe microanalysis, transmission microscopy and scanning calorimetry are used for samples characterization.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Transport phenomena in complex systems (part 2)’.
Thermodynamic description of metastable fcc/liquid phase equilibria and solidification kinetics in Al-Cu alloys
Authors: Fang Yindong , Galenko Peter K. , Liu Dongmei , Hack Klaus , Rettenmayr Markus , Lippmann Stephanie 
Published: January 2022

The thermodynamic description of the fcc phase in the Al-Cu system has been revised, allowing for the prediction of metastable fcc/liquid phase equilibria to undercoolings of Δ
T
= 421 K below the eutectic temperature. Hypoeutectic Al-Cu alloys that are prone to pronounced microsegregation were solidified containerlessly in electromagnetic levitation. Solidus and liquidus concentrations were experimentally determined from highly undercooled samples employing energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Solid concentrations at a rapidly propagating solid/liquid interface were additionally calculated using a sharp interface model that considers all undercoolings and is based on solvability theory. Modelling results (front velocity versus undercooling) were also corroborated by
in situ
observation with a high-speed camera. A newly established thermodynamic description of the fcc phase in Al-Cu is compatible with existing CALPHAD-type databases. Inconsistencies of previous descriptions such as a miscibility gap between Al-fcc and Cu-fcc on the Al-rich side, an unrealistic curvature of the solidus line in the same composition range or an azeotropic point near the melting point of Cu, are amended in the new description. The procedure to establish the description of phase equilibria at high undercoolings can be transferred to other alloy systems and is of a general nature.

This article is part of the theme issue 'Transport phenomena in complex systems (part 2)'.
Effective connectivity of LSD-induced ego dissolution
Authors: Stoliker Devon , Novelli Leonardo , Vollenweider Franz X. , Egan Gary F. , Preller Katrin H. , Razi Adeel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractClassic psychedelic-induced ego dissolution involves a shift in the sense of self and blurring of boundary between the self and the world. A similar phenomenon is identified in psychopathology and is associated to the balance of anticorrelated activity between the default mode network (DMN) – which directs attention inwards – and the salience network (SN) – which recruits the dorsal attention network (DAN) to direct attention outward. To test whether change in anticorrelated networks underlie the peak effects of LSD, we applied dynamic causal modeling to infer effective connectivity of resting state functional MRI scans from a study of 25 healthy adults who were administered 100mg of LSD, or placebo. We found that change in inhibitory effective connectivity from the SN to DMN became excitatory, and inhibitory effective connectivity from DMN to DAN decreased under the peak effect of LSD. These changes in connectivity reflect diminution of the anticorrelation between resting state networks that may be a key neural mechanism of LSD-induced ego dissolution. Our findings suggest the hierarchically organised balance of resting state networks is a central feature in the construct of self.SignificanceThe findings can inform the parallel between the maintenance of subject-object boundary and changes to anticorrelated canonical resting state brain networks. Effective connectivity informs the hierarchical organisation of brain networks underlying modes of perception. Moreover, the anticorrelation of brain networks is an important measure of mental function. Understanding the neural mechanisms of anticorrelation change under psychedelics help identify its relationship to psychosis and its association to psychedelic assisted therapeutic outcomes.
DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission is essential to maintain cristae morphology and bioenergetics
Authors: Robertson Gabriella L. , Riffle Stellan , Patel Mira , Marshall Andrea , Beasley Heather , Lopez Edgar Garza , Shao Jianqiang , Vue Zer , Stoll Maria S. , de Wet Sholto , Theart Rensu P. , Loos Ben , Hinton Antentor , Mears Jason A. , Gama Vivian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMitochondria and peroxisomes are both dynamic signaling organelles that constantly undergo fission. While mitochondrial fission is known to coordinate cellular metabolism, proliferation, and apoptosis, the physiological relevance of peroxisome dynamics and the implications for cell fate are not fully understood. DRP1 (dynamin-related protein 1) is an essential GTPase that executes both mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission. Patients with de novo heterozygous missense mutations in the gene that encodes DRP1, DNM1L (Dynamin 1 Like), present with encephalopathy due to defective mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission (EMPF1). EMPF1 is a devastating neurodevelopmental disease with no effective treatment. To interrogate the mechanisms by which DRP1 mutations cause cellular dysfunction, we used human-derived fibroblasts from patients with mutations in DRP1 who present with EMPF1. As expected, patient cells display elongated mitochondrial morphology and lack of fission. Patient cells display a lower coupling efficiency of the electron transport chain, increased proton leak, and upregulation of glycolysis. In addition to these metabolic abnormalities, mitochondrial hyperfusion results in aberrant cristae structure and hyperpolarized mitochondrial membrane potential, both of which are tightly linked to the changes in metabolism. Peroxisome structure is also severely elongated in patient cells and results in a potential functional compensation of fatty acid oxidation. Understanding the mechanism by which DRP1 mutations cause these metabolic changes will give insight into the role of mitochondrial dynamics in cristae maintenance and the metabolic capacity of the cell, as well as the disease mechanism underlying EMPF1.
Natural history and epidemiology of cleft lip and palate: a registry-based study in Iran (2000-19)
Authors: Biabani Mahdi , Dastgiri Saeed , Esmaeili Elham Davtalab 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to provide the natural history and epidemiology of cleft lip and cleft palate in the northwest region of Iran between 2000 and 2019. Since 2000, infants born with birth defects have been registered in the Tabriz Registry of Congenital Anomalies (TRoCA). For this study, the information and data were collected using the TRoCA registry system. Prevalence of cleft lip and cleft palate was 1.48 (95% CI 1.34; 1.62) per 1000 live births over the past two decades in the region. The occurrence of cleft lip and cleft palate was more common in males than females. The fetal death ratio was 5 percent of live born children. The proportion of infants with cleft lip and cleft palate surviving to the second week was 54 percent. The results may have a role in planning and evaluating the strategies for primary prevention of cleft lip and cleft palate, particularly in high-risk populations.
Delays during PBMC isolation have a moderate effect on yield, but severly compromise cell viability
Authors: Golke T , Mucher P , Schmidt P , Radakovics A , Repl M , Hofer P , Perkmann T , Fondi M , Schmetterer KG , Haslacher H 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs) are a versatile material for clinical routine as well as for research projects. However, their isolation via density gradient centrifugation is still time-consuming. When samples are taken beyond usual laboratory handling times, it may sometimes be necessary to pause the isolation process. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of delays up to 48 hours after the density gradient centrifugation on PBMC yield, purity and viability.MethodsPBMCs were isolated from samples of 20 donors, either with BD Vacutainer CPT tubes (CPT) or with the standard Ficoll method. Isolation was paused after initial density gradient centrifugation for 0, 24, or 48 hours. PBMC yield, purity and viability were compared.ResultsThe yield did not change significantly over time when CPT were used (55%/52%/47%), but did after isolation with the standard method (62%/40%[p<0.0001]/53%[p<0.01]). Purity was only affected if CPT were used (95%/93%[p=n.s./92%[p<0.05] vs. 97% for all time points with standard method). Whereas viable PBMCs decreased steadily for CPT isolates (62%/51%[p<0.001]/36%[p<0.0001]), after standard Ficoll gradient isolation, cell apoptosis was more pronounced already after 24h delay, and viability did not further decrease after 48h (64%/44%[p<0.0001]/40%[p<0.0001]).ConclusionsIn conclusion, our data suggests that post-centrifugation delays of up to 48h might have only a minor effect on cell yield and purity. However, at the same time, a relevant decrease in cell viability was observed, which could be partially compensated by the use of CPT if the isolation was resumed latest the day after blood withdrawal.
The role of ecology and geography in the evolution of habitat isolation and sexual isolation among sister species of host-plant-specific insects
Authors: Zhang Linyi , Hood Glen Ray , Ott James R. , Egan Scott P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhile ecology and geography can play important roles in the evolution of reproductive isolation across the speciation continuum, the few studies to date examining their relative contributions have largely focused on the early stages of speciation. Studies exploring the evolution of multiple reproductive barriers among divergent lineages, where speciation is nearly complete, are also needed to gain a fuller understanding of the mechanisms promoting and constraining the speciation process. We examine the later stage of speciation by comparing the strength of habitat isolation and sexual isolation among closely related species of gall-forming wasps in the genusBelonocnemaexperiencing divergent ecologies due to different hos plant use and variable rates of migration due to geography. We found that the strength of both habitat isolation and sexual isolation is lowest among allopatric species pairs with the same host plant association, followed by allopatric species with different host plant association, and highest between sympatric species with different host-plant associations. This pattern strongly suggests that both ecology due to divergent host use, and geography contribute to the evolution of these two reproductive barriers. Notably, reproductive character displacement contributes to nearly half of the strength of both habitat isolation and sexual isolation in sympatry.
The First High-Quality Genome Assembly and Data Analysis of the Malaysian mahseer (Tor tambroides)
Authors: Lau Melinda Mei Lin , Lim Leonard Whye Kit , Chung Hung Hui , Gan Han Ming 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Malaysian mahseer (Tor tambroides), one of the most valuable freshwater fish in the world, is mainly targeted for human consumption. The mitogenomic data of this species is available to date, but the genomic information is still lacking. For the first time, we sequenced the whole genome of an adult fish on both Illumina and Nanopore platforms. The hybrid genome assembly had resulted in a sum of 1.5 Gb genomic sequence from the 44,726 contigs found with 44 kb N50 length and BUSCO genome completeness of 84.3%. Four types of SSRs had been detected and identified within the genome with a greater AT abundance than that of GC. Predicted protein sequences had been functionally annotated to public databases, namely GO, KEGG and COG. A maximum likelihood phylogenomic tree containing 53 Actinopterygii species and two outgroups was constructed, providing first insights into the genome-based evolutionary relationship of T. tambroides with other ray-finned fish. These data are crucial in facilitating the study of population genomics, species identification, morphological variations, and evolutionary biology, which are helpful in the conservation of this species.
Evaluation of lamin A/C mechanotransduction under different surface topography in LMNA related muscular dystrophy
Authors: Dutta Subarna , Muraganadan T. , Vasudevan Madavan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMost of the single point mutations of the LMNA gene are associated with distinct muscular dystrophies, marked by heterogenous phenotypes but primarily the loss and symmetric weakness of skeletal muscle tissue. The molecular mechanism and phenotype-genotype relationships in these muscular dystrophies are poorly understood. An effort has been here to delineating the adaptation of mechanical inputs into biological response by mutant cells of lamin A associated muscular dystrophy. In this study we implement engineered smooth and pattern surfaces of particular young modulus to mimic muscle physiological range. Using fluorescence and atomic force microscopy we present distinct architecture of the actin filament along with abnormally distorted cell and nuclear shape in mutants, which showed a tendency to deviate from wild type cells. Topographic features of pattern surface antagonizes the binding of the cell with it. Correspondingly, from the analysis of genome wide expression data in wild type and mutant cells, we report differential expression of the gene products of the structural components of cell adhesion as well as LINC (linkers of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) protein complexes. This study also reveals mis expressed downstream signaling processes in mutant cells, which could potentially lead to onset of the disease upon the application of engineered materials to substitute the role of conventional cues in instilling cellular behaviors in muscular dystrophies. Collectively, these data support the notion that lamin A is essential for proper cellular mechanotransduction from extracellular environment to the genome and impairment of the muscle cell differentiation in the pathogenic mechanism for lamin A associated muscular dystrophy.
Raw milk collection in Ireland: insights into the challenges facing the industry
Authors: O'Callaghan Seán , O. Connor Declan , Goulding David 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThis paper provides insights into national practices used to schedule, collect and manage the transportation infrastructure of raw milk by Irish processors.Design/methodology/approachA survey was designed and distributed to 14 processors, collecting details regarding suppliers, seasonality, costs per litre, planning, processing sites and emissions related to milk collection.FindingsIrish raw milk transportation costs €95 million per annum, with an average weighted cost of 1.1 cents per litre. Primary route clustering of suppliers is based on farm location. Typically, collections employ forty-eight-hour rotas. Just three of the processors reported transportation emissions data. A disjointed approach to the adoption of scheduling and transportation technology was revealed.Research limitations/implicationsGiven the broad scope of the survey covering financial, operational and environmental aspects of milk collection, it was challenging to find a single representative such as a transport manager who could be tasked with responding to the entire survey. Future research may consider a more focused interview-based approach with the various stakeholders to provide a more in-depth analysis.Practical implicationsProcessors can gain an improved understanding of diversified milk collection methods. The research supports policymakers in considering environmental issues related to milk transportation. Costs could be reduced if transportation was better managed collectively with benefits accruing to the industry, suppliers and wider rural community. Stakeholders will need to address aspects of responsibility concerning environmental issues going forward.Social implicationsIn this paper the authors recognise the environmental cost of milk collection. By improving the transportation infrastructure, this will have a positive impact on society in general.Originality/valueThe paper highlights the unique challenges and extends present knowledge in relation to milk collection; thus, this paves the way for new approaches to raw milk transportation.
Friend or foe? The effects of harmonious and obsessive passion on entrepreneurs’ well-being, strain and social loneliness
Authors: Bayraktar Secil , Jiménez Alfredo 
Published: January 2022

Purpose Passion is considered a critical aspect of entrepreneurship. According to the dualistic model of passion (DMP), entrepreneurs’ passion for their work can be harmonious or obsessive, leading to different personal and work outcomes. Drawing on DMP and the self-determination theory, this paper investigates these two types of passion for work and their effects on entrepreneurs’ subjective well-being (SWB), psychological strain and social loneliness.Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a self-administered online survey with 312 entrepreneurs in Turkey. The authors selected the sample using purposive sampling and referrals through snowballing via associations, university start-up organizations, entrepreneur lists and personal networks. The data are analyzed using multiple regression analysis.Findings The results show that harmonious passion is negatively related to strain, while obsessive passion is positively related to both strain and social loneliness. Furthermore, both types of passion are associated with higher SWB. Finally, age moderates the relationship between obsessive passion and SWB.Practical implications The findings draw attention to another dark side to entrepreneurship and a useful perspective to raise awareness that entrepreneurs may think positively of obsessive passion and ignore the negative consequences.Originality/value This study contributes to the literature by showing that both positive and negative consequences of passion may co-exist based on the entrepreneurs’ self-perceptions. It also contributes to the very scarce research in non-western, emerging contexts in entrepreneurial passion research and constitutes the first study conducted on this topic in Turkey.