bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of Reduced Muscle Atrophy via Ketone Body (D)-3-Hydroxybutyrate
Authors: Chen Jin , Li Zihua , Zhang Yudian , Zhang Xu , Zhang Shujie , Liu Zonghan , Yuan Huimei , Pang Xiangsheng , Liu Yaxuan , Tao Wuchen , CHEN Xiaoping , ZHANG Peng , Chen Guo-Qiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background:Muscle atrophy is an increasingly global health problem affecting millions, there is a lack of clinical drugs or effective therapy. Excessive loss of muscle mass is the typical characteristic of muscle atrophy, manifesting as muscle weakness accompanied by impaired metabolism of protein and nucleotide. (D)-3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), one of the main components of the ketone body, has been reported to be effective for the obvious hemodynamic effects in atrophic cardiomyocytes and exerts beneficial metabolic reprogramming effects in healthy muscle. This study aims to exploit how the 3HB exerts therapeutic effects for treating muscle atrophy induced by hindlimb unloaded mice.Results:Anabolism/catabolism balance of muscle protein was maintained with 3HB via the Akt/FoxO3a and the mTOR/4E-BP1 pathways; protein homeostasis of 3HB regulation includes pathways of ubiquitin–proteasomal, autophagic-lysosomal, responses of unfolded-proteins, heat shock and anti-oxidation. Metabolomic analysis revealed the effect of 3HB decreased purine degradation and reduced the uric acid in atrophied muscles; enhanced utilization from glutamine to glutamate also provides evidence for the promotion of 3HB during the synthesis of proteins and nucleotides.Conclusions:3HB significantly inhibits the loss of muscle weights, myofiber sizes and myofiber diameters in hindlimb unloaded mouse model; it facilitates positive balance of proteins and nucleotides with enhanced accumulation of glutamate and decreased uric acid in wasting muscles, revealing effectiveness for treating muscle atrophy.
Impact of Tight Glycemic Control and Hypoglycemia After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at Three Years of Age: Findings from a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sadhwani Anjali , Asaro Lisa A. , Goldberg Caren , Ware Janice , Butcher Jennifer , Gaies Michael , Smith Cynthia , Alexander Jamin L. , Wypij David , Agus Michael S.D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Studies examining the impact of randomization to tight glycemic control (TGC) and resultant hypoglycemia on later neurodevelopmental outcomes have produced mixed results. Our study examined this association in children undergoing cardiac surgery.Methods: Participants who were enrolled in the Safe Pediatric Euglycemia after Cardiac Surgery (SPECS) trial returned for neurodevelopmental (ND) follow-up between 30 to 42.5 months of age. ND outcomes were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition. ND scores were compared between the TGC and standard care groups and between patients with moderate to severe and no to mild hypoglycemia. To increase sample size and power, we combined the three-year-old assessments with previously collected assessments (at 9 to 42.5 months of age) to further examine differences between groups.Results: At three years of age, there were no statistically significant differences in ND outcomes according to treatment group or hypoglycemia status. In the combined analysis, we found no group differences. However, children who experienced moderate to severe hypoglycemia had lower scores on the Bayley-III cognitive and motor domains compared to children with no to mild hypoglycemia. Conclusions: For infants undergoing cardiac surgery, moderate to severe hypoglycemia, but not randomization to TGC, was associated with worse ND outcomes.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00443599. Registered: November 2016.
A Colorimetric Distinct Color Change Cu(II) 4-{[1-(2,5- dihydroxyphenyl)ethylidene]amino}-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one Chemosensor and its Application as a paper test kit
Authors: Patil Nilima , Dhake Rajesh , Phalak Raju , Fegade Umesh , Ramalingan Chennan , Saravanan Vadivel , Inamuddin . , Altalhi Tariq 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A “4-{[1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylidene]amino}-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one” chemosensor (C1) synthesized by Condensation reaction using “4-amino-1,2-dihydro-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenylpyrazol-3-one” and “2,5-dihydroxy Actophenone”. It shows absorption peak at 326 nm due to the C=C bond (π-π* transition), while the absorption peak at 364 nm is caused by the C=O bond (n-π* transition). In the presence of copper C1 only demonstrated a change in absorption peak to higher wavelength (redshift) from 364 to 425 nm. The hue of both the C1+Cu(II) complex changed from bright yellow to dark brown colour with hypochromic shift appearance of a new peak at 425 nm. Even in the presence of other competing metal ions, the hypsochromic shift of the absorption band and the quenching of the fluorescence emission intensity were different for detecting Cu2+, in CH3OH-H2O (v/v = 6:4). Job's plot was used to compute the binding stoichiometry between C1 and Cu2+, and MASS and FTIR spectrophotometry were used to investigate the complexation process. The capacity of the C1 to bind Cu2+ was further proven using DFT simulations. The complex S1+Cu2+ has a HOMO-LUMO energy gap of 2.8002 eV, which is lesser than S1 (2.9991 eV). From these results, it can be seen that the specific binding of S1 to Cu2+ improves the stability of the S1+Cu2+ complex and effectively reduces the HOMO-LUMO energy gap. The C1 was successfully used in a real-world water sample analysis. Using the Benesi-Hildebrand and Scatchard plots, the Kb was calculated and found to be 47340M-1 and 48369M-1 respectively, showing the creation of stable complexation between Cu2+ and S1 with 1:1 Stoichiometry. The LOD of S1 for Cu2+ ion analysis was determined to be 649 nM. Strip sheets were also built and tested to detect varying amounts of Cu2+ aqueous solution, and their color change suggested that they might be used for on-site Cu2+ detection in polluted water.
Evaluation of sparing the pronator quadratus for volar plating of distal radius fractures: a retrospective clinical study
Authors: Zhao Yan , Huang Xiaoxia , Jia Qiyu , Li Huaqiang , Kerem Erxat , Peng Cong , Kong Weiqi , Tusunniyazi Maimaitiaili , Hamiti Yimurang , Feng Dongwei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The most commonly used approach for distal radius fractures is the traditional Henry approach. However, it requires an intraoperative incision of the pronator quadratus (PQ) muscle, which results in a series of complications if the repair of the PQ fails.Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of sparing the pronator quadratus for volar plating of the distal radius fractures.Methods: Seventy-six patients who suffered from distal radius fractures of types 23-B, 23-C1, and 23-C2 as per the AO Foundation and Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classification were treated with volar locking plate fixation using either the PQ muscle incision and repair (group A, n = 39) or the PQ muscle preservation approach (group B, n = 37). Intraoperative index, postoperative efficacy, and complications of the patients were evaluated.Results: All patients were followed up for more than one year after surgery. All fractures achieved union. There were significant differences in mean operative time, mean intraoperative blood loss, and mean fracture healing time between the two groups. Still, there were no significant differences in limb function scores between the two groups at the 12-month postoperative follow-up. Outcomes assessed at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery demonstrated significant differences in the mean range of motion and the visual analog scale (VAS) between the two groups. As the range of motion and grip strength increased, the VAS scores decreased, and there was no significant difference between the two groups at 12 months postoperatively. Although tendon irritation and delayed carpal tunnel syndrome were more common in group A than in group B (7.6% vs. 0% and 5.1% vs. 0%, respectively), the differences were not statistically significant.Conclusion: The modified Henry approach with sparing pronator quadratus muscle has no significant advantage in the range of wrist motion and upper limb function in the late stage. Nevertheless, the intraoperative placement of the plate under the pronator quadratus muscle can shorten the operation time, reduce intraoperative bleeding, reduce early postoperative pain, promote early activity, and improve the patient's quality of life. It is recommended that the pronator be preserved at the time of surgery.
Correlates and determinants of transport-related physical activity among adults: An interdisciplinary systematic review
Authors: Evans Jack , Phan Hoang , Buscot Marie-Jeanne , Gall Seana , Cleland Verity 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction - Transport-related physical activity (TRPA) has been identified as a way to increase physical activity due to its discretionary and habitual nature. Factors thought to influence TRPA span multiple disciplines and are rarely systematically considered in unison. This systematic review aimed to identify cross-sectional and longitudinal factors associated with adult TRPA across multiple research disciplines. Methods - Using four electronic databases, a systematic search of English, peer-reviewed literature from 2010 – 2020 was performed. Studies quantitatively examining factors associated with the outcome of adult TRPA were eligible. Results - Seventy-three studies (n=66 cross-sectional; n=7 longitudinal) were included, cumulatively reporting data from 1,278,632 observations. Thirty-six factors were examined for potential association with TRPA and presented in a social-ecological framework: individual (n=15), social (n=3), and environmental (n=18). Seven factors were found to be consistently associated with higher adult TRPA: lower socio-economic status, higher self-efficacy, higher social normalization, lower distance of travel, higher destination concentration, more streetlighting, and higher public transportation frequency with a greater number of terminals near route start and endpoints. Conclusions - This is the first comprehensive compilation of the correlates and determinants of adult TRPA. Seven individual, social, and environmental factors demonstrated consistent associations with TRPA. Models formed using these factors may facilitate more effective promotion of TRPA. There is a lack of longitudinal studies as well as studies assessing cognitive/attitudinal and social factors, highlighting gaps for further research. Those developing policies and strategies targeting TRPA need to consider a range of factors at the individual, social, and environmental level to maximise the likelihood of effectiveness.
Interaction Between Thin Conductive Fibers and Microwave Radiation
Authors: Kokodii Mykola G. , Natarova Anastasia , Genzarovskiy Andriy , Priz Ivan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We study the effect of an anomalously strong interaction of electromagnetic radiation with very thin conducting fibers. Metal, semiconductor or graphite fibers, which diameter is several hundred times smaller than the radiation wavelength, strongly absorb and scatter the electromagnetic waves, which electric vector is parallel to the fiber axis. The efficiency factors of attenuation, absorption, scattering and pressure of radiation for fibers with a diameter of several micrometers in the centimeter and millimeter ranges reach several thousand. We determine the nature of this effect. It occurs when the transverse dimension of the fiber is comparable to the thickness of the skin layer. Then the electric field of the incident wave fills the entire volume of the fiber, and the absorbed power is the highest. We also provide a theoretical analysis of such effect, determine conditions for its existence: the ratio between the radiation wavelength and the diameter of the fiber, the value of conductivity. We also provide an experimental study of the effect, when unfocused radiation beam with a wavelength of 8 mm at the output of waveguide with a \(7.2 \times 3.4\) mm cross section transfers more than 10% of the beam power to a 12 µm diameter graphite fiber. We make an analysis of the mathematical model of the process of heating of graphite fiber by a microwave radiation beam. Then we solve a heat conduction equation and find the temperature distribution along the fiber, which is in agreement with the measured one.
Fenbendazole Attenuates Bleomycin-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice via Suppression of Fibroblast-to-myofibroblast Differentiation
Authors: Wang Lan , Xu Kai , Wang Ningdan , Zhao Wenyu , Wan Ruyan , Zhao Weiming , Guo Xiaoshu , Pan Xin , Yu Guoying 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and fatal interstitial lung disease with unknown etiology. Despite substantial progress in our understanding of pulmonary fibrosis pathogenesis and drug development, there is still no cure for this devastating disease. Fenbendazole (FBZ) is a benzimidazole compound that is widely used as an anthelmintic agent and recent studies have expanded the scope of its pharmacological effects and application prospect. In this study, we demonstrated that FBZ treatment blunt bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice. In vitro study showed that FBZ inhibited the proliferation and migration of human embryo lung fibroblasts. Further studies showed that FBZ significantly inhibited glucose consumption, moderated glycolytic metabolism in fibroblasts, thus activated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and reduced activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, thereby inhibiting transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1)-induced fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and collagen synthesis. In summary, our data suggested that FBZ has the potential as a novel treatment of pulmonary fibrosis and other fibrotic diseases.
E2 Level &gt;2950 pg/ml on hCG Trigger Day is An Independent Predictor for Birthweight Loss of Full-Term Singletons Born After Fresh Embryo Transfers in Non-PCOS Patients
Authors: Wu Jing , Zhang Hengde , Wang Xiaohong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that the supraphysiological E2 level is negatively correlated with birthweight. However, the cut-off value of E2 level that significantly affects birthweight is unknown, and there is no definite conclusion regarding this level. Our study aimed to explore the threshold of the effect of E2 levels on birthweight.Design: A retrospective cohort study of 1,846 samples was performed. All patients ≤42-years-old underwent autologous IVF cycles between August 1st, 2016 and April 30th, 2020. We categorized our data into four groups according to the E2 level: Group 1: ≤2,000 pg/mL; Group 2: 2,001–3,000 pg/mL; Group 3: 3,001–4,000 pg/mL; and Group 4: >4,000 pg/mL.Results: The results of the multivariate regression analyses showed that when the E2 level was 3,001-4,000 pg/mL (adjusted β: -89.64, 95% [CI]: -180.29 to -6.01; P=0.0336) and greater than 4,000 pg/mL (adjusted β: -138.10, 95% [CI]: -272.87 to -10.33; P=0.0181), weight loss was significant. Furthermore, the odds of full-term SGA were 1.40 times higher with E2 levels of 3,001-4,000 pg/mL (adjusted OR: 1.40, 95% [CI]: 1.090 to 3.18; P=0.0256) and 2.55 times higher with E2 >4,000 pg/mL (adjusted OR: 2.55, 95% [CI]: 1.84 to 3.86; P=0.0063) compared to the reference group. It can also be seen from the adjusted curves and the threshold effects that when the E2 level >2,950 pg/mL and >3,121 pg/mL, the incidence of SGA increased and the birthweight decreased, respectively.Conclusions: Our data suggest that E2 levels >2,950 pg/mL is an independent predictor for greater odds of full-term SGA singletons born after fresh embryo transfer.
Fatty liver is associated with significant liver inflammation but does not increase fibrosis burden in Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Dai Yi-Ning , Meng Di , Xu Cheng-Fu , Yu Chao-Hui , Pan Hong-Ying 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Concurrent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). But the impact of fatty liver on the histologic progression of CHB remains controversial.Methods: Consecutive CHB patients who underwent liver biopsy between 2016 and 2021 were included. Alcohol consumption and other types of viral hepatitis were excluded. All biopsies were scored for grading and staging by Scheuer’s score, and the steatosis was scored as an estimate of the percentage of liver parenchyma replaced by fat. Logistic regression analyses were applied to assess the associated factors for significant liver inflammation (G≥2) and significant fibrosis (S≥2). Results: Among the 873 CHB patients, hepatic steatosis was prevalent in 255 patients (29.21%). Significant liver inflammation was present in 461 patients (52.81%), while significant fibrosis was observed in 527 patients (60.37%). Fatty liver was an independent risk factor for significant liver inflammation (OR: 2.117, 95% CI: 1.500-2.988), but it could not predict significant fibrosis. We developed a predictive model for significant liver inflammation with the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.825, and a model for significant fibrosis with the AUROC of 0.760.Conclusions: NAFLD is independently associated with significant liver inflammation, but does not increase the fibrosis severity.
Plasmonic Colloidal Au Nanoparticles in DMSO: A Facile Synthesis and Characterisation
Authors: Dzhagan Volodymyr , Kapush Olga , Plokhovska Svitlana , Buziashvili Anastasiya , Pirko Yaroslav , Yeshchenko Oleg , Yukhymchuk Volodymyr , Yemets Alla , Zahn Dietrich RT 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We report a new pathway for the synthesis of plasmonic gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) in a bio-compatible medium. A modified room temperature approach based on the standard Turkevich synthesis, using sodium citrate as a reducing and stabilizing agent, results in highly stable “colloidal” suspension of Au NPs in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The mean NP size of about 15 nm with fairly low size distribution is revealed by scanning electron microscopy. The stability test through UV-vis absorption spectroscopy indicates no sign of aggregation for months. The Au NPs are also characterized by X-ray photoelectron, Raman scattering, and FTIR spectroscopies. The stabilisation mechanism of the Au NPs in DMSO is concluded to be similar to that of NPs synthesized in water. The Au NPs obtained in this work are applicable as SERS substrates, as proved by common analytes. In terms of bio-applications, they do not possess such side effect as pronounced antibacterial activity, based on the tests performed on non-pathogenic Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria.
Enhancement photocatalytic activity of Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites for the degradation of methylene blue under solar light irradiation
Authors: Jegan Dharmaraja , Sivaranjani R. , Sivakumar S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Heterogeneous photocatalysis is an effective and gifted waste water treatment technology for the removal of textile effluents. Among the effective photocatalytic treatment, Hybrid semiconductor photocatalysts have been extensively applied and received greater attention in the last few decades. This effective statement has a predominate key for choosing hybrid nanocomposite photocatalysis. In this study, Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites synthesized by co-precipitation method and its photocatalytic activity tested using methylene blue under solar light irradiation. The as prepared hybrid nanocomposites is characterized by using different physicochemical techniques including X-ray diffraction, FESEM, EDX, TEM, UV-vis DRS and PL analysis. The photocatalytic degradation results have revealed that the Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites exhibits admirable activity toward the photocatalytic degradation of the MB. The fitted kinetic plots were showed a pseudo-first-order reaction model and the appropriate rate constants were found to be 0.0068 min− 1, 0.00846 min− 1, and 0.0188 min− 1, for ZnO, 25% CdS/ZnO, and 0.8 mol% Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites, respectively. The maximum photocatalytic activity was achieved by 0.8 mol% Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites with a 95% degradation efficiency of MB. Hydroxyl and superoxide radicals were having a vital role in the degradation of MB, confirmed by scavenging experiments. In addition, the recycling tests display that the Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites shows good stability and long durability. The enhanced photodegradation activity of Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites indicates the potential of the nanocomposite for the treatment of organic pollutants from the textile wastewater.
Ruptured mycotic aneurysm of intercostal arteries associated with vertebral osteomyelitis: A case report
Authors: Tsukamoto Masatsugu , Morimoto Tadatsugu , Yoshihara Tomohito , Mawatari Masaaki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundHere, we report a rare case of massive hemothorax caused by rupture of an intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm associated with pyogenic spondylitis, which was successfully treated with endovascular intervention.Case presentationA 49-year-old man with schizophrenia, idiopathic esophageal rupture, postoperative mediastinal abscess, and pyothorax, diagnosed with pyogenic spondylitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography (CT) showed extensive vertebral body destruction. The patient underwent a two-stage operation: anterior vertebral debridement and fixation with iliac bone graft and posterior fixation with instrumentation. Seven days postoperatively, the patient’s right chest pain increased, his blood pressure dropped, and he had shock. Chest X-ray showed massive hemothorax in the right lung. Chest CT and subsequent intercostal arteriography showed a pseudoaneurysm in the right T8 intercostal artery and active contrast extravasation from it. This seemed ruptured mycotic aneurysms involving intercostal vessels. These vessels were successfully embolized using micro-coils. Then, the patient completed the prescribed antimicrobial therapy in the hospital without any complications.ConclusionsIntercostal artery aneurysms are rare vascular abnormalities. They have the risk of rupture and may sometimes cause hemothorax and can be potentially life-threatening. Septic embolization from infective endocarditis and contiguous spread of local infection can cause intercostal artery mycotic aneurysms. In this patient, the aneurysm was deemed caused by septic embolization, not surgical manipulation. There are no established criteria for treating intercostal artery aneurysms. Ruptured intercostal artery pseudoaneurysms are a good indication of endovascular intervention, and prompt embolization saved the life of the patient in this case report. Endovascular treatment should be the first choice even in ruptured cases. Doppler ultrasonography and CT are the most appropriate diagnostic modalities for evaluating intercostal artery pseudoaneurysms. In this patient, CT could depict an intercostal aneurysm. Appropriate diagnosis and prompt treatment of these rare vascular lesions are essential in preventing rupture. This case report highlights the possibility of a ruptured intercostal mycotic aneurysm in patients with pyogenic spondylitis and reminds physicians to be alert of this rare but potentially fatal complication.