bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-reported symptoms and health complaints associated with exposure to Ixodes ricinus-borne pathogens
Authors: Azagi Tal , Harms Margriet , Swart Arno , Fonville Manoj , Hoornstra Dieuwertje , Mughini-Gras Lapo , Hovius Joppe W. , Sprong Hein , van den Wijngaard Cees 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The impact of infections with tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) other than Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) on public health in Europe remains unclear. Our goal is to evaluate whether the presence of these TBPs in ticks can be associated with self-reported health complaints.

Methods
We enrolled individuals who were bitten by I. ricinus between 2012 and 2015 and collected their relevant demographic and clinical information using a self-administered online questionnaire. A total of 4163 I. ricinus ticks sent by the participants were subject to molecular analyses for detection of specific TBPs. Associations between the presence of TBPs in ticks and self-reported complaints and symptoms were evaluated by means of a stepwise approach using a generalized linear model (GLM).

Results
Of 17 self-reported complaints and symptoms significant in the univariate analyses, 3 had a highly significant association (P < 0.01) with at least one TBP in the multivariate analysis. Self-reported Lyme borreliosis was significantly associated (P < 0.001) with B. burgdorferi (s.l.) infection. Facial paralysis was associated (P < 0.01) with infection with B. miyamotoi, N. mikurensis and R. helvetica. Finally, a significant association (P < 0.001) was found between nocturnal sweating and A. phagocytophilum.

Conclusions
We found associations between the presence of TBPs in ticks feeding on humans and self-reported symptoms. Due to the subjective nature of such reports and the fact that infection was determined in the ticks and not in the patient samples, further prospective studies utilizing diagnostic modalities should be performed before any clinical outcome can be causally linked to infection with TBPs.

Graphical Abstract
Innovative and conventional “conservative” technologies for the treatment of uterine fibroids in Italy: a multidimensional assessment
Authors: Ferrario L. , Garagiola E. , Gerardi C. , Bellavia G. , Colombo S. , Ticca C. , Rossetti C. , Ciboldi M. , Meroni M. , Vanzulli A. , Rampoldi A. , Bignardi T. , Arrigoni F. , Porazzi E. , Foglia E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the potential benefits of the Magnetic Resonance-guided high intensity Focused Ultrasound (MRgFUS) introduction in the clinical practice, for the treatment of uterine fibroids, in comparison with the standard “conservative” procedures, devoted to women who wish to preserve their uterus or enhance fertility: myomectomy and uterine artery embolization (UAE).

Methods
A Health Technology Assessment was conducted, assuming the payer’s perspective (Italian National Healthcare Service). The nine EUnetHTA Core Model dimensions were deeply investigated, by means of i) a literature review; ii) the implementation of health economics tools (useful for uterine fibroids patients’ clinical pathway economic evaluation, and budget impact analysis), to define MRgFUS economic and organizational sustainability, and iii) administration of specific questionnaires filled by uterine fibroids’ experts, to gather their perceptions on the three possible conservative approaches (MRgFUS, UAE and myomectomy).

Results
Literature revealed that MRgFUS would generate several benefits, from a safety and an efficacy profile, with significant improvement in symptoms relief. Advantages emerged concerning the patients’ perspective, thus leading to a decrease both in the length of hospital stay (p-value< 0.001), and in patients’ productivity loss (p-value = 0.024). From an economic point of view, the Italian NHS would present an economic saving of − 6.42%. A positive organizational and equity impact emerged regarding the capability to treat a larger number of women, thus performing, on average, 131.852 additional DRGs.

Conclusions
Results suggest that MRgFUS could be considered an advantageous technological alternative to adopt within the target population affected by uterine fibroids, demonstrating its economic and organisational feasibility and sustainability, with consequent social benefits.
Duck plague virus UL41 protein inhibits RIG-I/MDA5-mediated duck IFN-β production via mRNA degradation activity
Authors: He Tianqiong , Wang Mingshu , Cheng Anchun , Yang Qiao , Wu Ying , Jia Renyong , Chen Shun , Zhu Dekang , Liu Mafeng , Zhao Xinxin , Zhang Shaqiu , Huang Juan , Tian Bin , Ou Xumin , Mao Sai , Sun Di , Gao Qun , Yu Yanling , Zhang Ling , Liu Yunya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRetinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are cytosolic pattern recognition receptors that initiate innate antiviral immunity. Recent reports found that duck RLRs significantly restrict duck plague virus (DPV) infection. However, the molecular mechanism by which DPV evades immune responses is unknown. In this study, we first found that the DPV UL41 protein inhibited duck interferon-β (IFN-β) production mediated by RIG-I and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) by broadly downregulating the mRNA levels of important adaptor molecules, such as RIG-I, MDA5, mitochondrial antiviral signalling protein (MAVS), stimulator of interferon gene (STING), TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), and interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 7. The conserved sites of the UL41 protein, E229, D231, and D232, were responsible for this activity. Furthermore, the DPV CHv-BAC-ΔUL41 mutant virus induced more duck IFN-β and IFN-stimulated genes (Mx, OASL) production in duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) than DPV CHv-BAC parent virus. Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism underlying DPV immune evasion.
Non-melanoma skin cancer among ethnic German immigrants (resettler) from the former Soviet Union: a cohort study from 1990 to 2007
Authors: Markeeva-Ilisevic Evgenia , Holleczek Bernd , Becher Heiko , Winkler Volker 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
UV radiation is a significant risk factor for non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). Ethnic Germans (resettlers) who immigrated to Germany from the former Soviet Union may have had a relatively high UV light exposure and thus a higher risk of developing NMSC. We compared the incidence of NMSC in a resettler cohort with the general population of the Saarland (Federal state of Germany) in relation to tumour location.

Methods
All new NMSC cases (resettler cohort and total population) between 1990 and 2007 were retrieved from the Saarland cancer registry and classified according to sex, histology, and location. The classification used for tumour location approximated the previous UV exposure. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) for the general population and standardized incidence ratios (SIR) for resettlers compared to the general population were calculated and modelled using Poisson regression.

Results
Sex-specific overall SIR indicated a significant increase in female resettlers (SIR 1.31 (95% CI 1.02–1.67)) which can mostly be attributed to an increased incidence of squamous cell carcinoma. The regression analysis showed that among resettlers the risk of developing tumours in UV-exposed skin areas was 2.16 (95% CI 1.35–3.45) higher compared to the general population.

Conclusions
Female resettlers have a higher risk to be diagnosed with NMSC than the general German population. Based on the observed distribution of tumour location, it is suspected that UV exposure contributed significantly to this risk.
Interaction between historical earthquakes and the 2021 Mw7.4 Maduo event and their impacts on the seismic gap areas along the East Kunlun fault
Authors: Dong Peiyu , Zhao Bin , Qiao Xuejun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOn May 21, 2021 (UTC time), an Mw7.4 earthquake struck Maduo County, Qinghai Province, China. The rupture of this typical strike-slip event and its aftershocks along the Kunlun-Jiangcuo fault (JCF) propagated approximately 170 km from the epicenter. In this study, we calculated the coseismic and postseismic Coulomb stress changes induced by 14 historical earthquakes and investigated their impacts on the 2021 Maduo source area. We found that the JCF is in the stress shadow of these historical events with a combined ΔCFS range of approximately − 400 to − 200 kPa. Since the seismogenic fault of the 1937 event is nearly parallel and close to the JCF, the rupture of the 1937 event had the greatest inhibitory effect on Maduo source area. We hypothesize that the actual loading rate at the depth of the seismogenic layer in the Maduo source area is much higher than the simulated value (0.3 kPa/a). Consequently, the Maduo earthquake still occurred despite the considerable delaying effect of these historical earthquakes (especially the 1937 event). Our findings also indicate that the tectonic stress in the eastern Bayanhar block is still rapidly accumulating and adjusting. Our investigation further reveals the enhanced stress induced by the historical and Maduo events with ΔCFS values of approximately 30–300 kPa and 50–300 kPa on the Xidatan-Dongdatan segment (XDS) and the eastern end of the East Kunlun Fault (EKF), respectively, not only on the Maqin-Maqu segment (MMS) but also at the eastern end of each branch segment of the EKF. Hence, considering the accumulation of tectonic stress, we suggest that the seismic hazard in these two regions has been promoted.Graphic Abstract
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a known case of sickle-beta-thalassemia: a case presentation
Authors: Kausha Mumbaikar , Vishal Sawant , Kondekar Alpana S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a reversible condition, which occurs in response to acute changes in blood pressure due to failure of posterior circulatory autoregulation. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in sickle cell patients has been rarely reported previously in the setting of severe crisis or uncontrolled hypertension.

Case presentation
We report a very rare case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome that occurred in a 10-year-old male child with sickle-beta-thalassemia which was detected at 4 years of age and required 2 units of packed red blood cells transfusion in last 6 years. At the time of the presentation, he was hypertensive with blood pressure 140/100 mm of Hg (> 99th percentile) and had focal seizures with magnetic resonance imaging findings suggestive of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Patient was treated with anticonvulsant and antihypertensives and had complete recovery of symptoms.

Conclusions
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a rare neurological presentation in a sickle-beta thalassemia; this case guides in differentiating it from other common neurological manifestations in sickel-beta thalassemia and emphasis on early management as it is completely reversible.
On gravity and quantum interactions
Authors: Trinhammer Ole L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We introduce the metric of general relativity into a description of baryon mass spectra which otherwise has been founded entirely on the concept of an intrinsic configuration space, the Lie group U(3). We find that the general relativistic metric influences the mass eigenstates in gravitational fields. We discuss parts per million effects that may be observed in space missions close to the Sun or the planet Jupiter, for instance by accurate Cavendish experiments or energy shifts in gamma decays of metastable nuclei like Ba-137m. We review how the particle and gauge fields are generated by momentum forms on the intrinsic wave functions to form the quantum field bases for instance of quantum chromodynamics. Our strategy to combine quantum interactions and general relativity is that of geometrising quantum mechanics rather than quantising gravity.
The epsilon-mu-near-zero (EMNZ) device realized by a novel structure of air gap ring at microwave frequency
Authors: Zhao Lin , Wang Ning , Xie Hui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The epsilon-and-mu-near-zero (EMNZ) medium, as a kind of zero-refractive-index material, has broad application perspectives. In general, there are three main methods to realize the EMNZ phenomenon based on conventional metamaterials such as fishnet metamaterials, Dirac-like cone-based metamaterials, and doped ENZ mediums in the full frequency range. However, the above EMNZ metamaterials have complex structures and stringent process requirements, and the development of mature engineering applications outside the laboratory is still a long way off. Herein, a novel, simple and stable air gap ring compatible with the EMNZ medium based on the doping method has been proposed to mitigate the above constraints. The proposed structure is composed of a set of nested metal boxes and an air gap ring formed between the nested metal boxes. By changing the size of the cross-sectional area of the perfect electric conductor (PEC) doped into an ENZ medium to manipulate the air gap ring in the nested metal boxes, the effective magnetic permeability of the whole structure can be adjusted. Finally, the equivalent EMNZ medium characterized by a simple structure can be realized in the microwave band. Thus, the proposed novel air gap ring device exhibits promising potential for broad applications such as frequency selection, impedance regulation, super-coupling, and power splitting.
Insights Into Ferroptosis: Targeting Glycolysis to Treat Graves’ Orbitopathy
Authors: Ma Ruiqi , Gan Lu , Guo Jie , Peng Zhiyu , Wu Jihong , Harrison Andrew R , Qian Jiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Context
Oxidative stress plays an indispensable role in pathogenesis of Graves’ orbitopathy (GO). Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death resulting from lipid peroxidation. Little is known about the role of ferroptosis in GO.

Objective
We aimed to identify the divergent role of ferroptosis in the GO and control orbital fibroblasts (OFs).

Methods
Orbital fat/connective tissues and serum immunoglobulins (Igs) were collected from GO and control subjects. Cell viability and lipid peroxidation were measured to evaluate ferroptosis sensitivity. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDK2) level and oxygen consumption rate were quantified to assess glycolysis status.

Results
Primary OFs were cultured from orbital tissues. Ferroptosis was induced by cystine deprivation and/or erastin treatment. The GO OFs possessed stronger resistance to ferroptosis than the control OFs. Selenium, a potential ferroptosis inhibitor, protected the control OFs from ferroptosis. Both transcriptomic and proteomic analyses indicated glycolytic shift in the GO OFs. Metabolic profiling, PDK2 quantification, and oxygen consumption assay confirmed enhanced glycolysis in the GO OFs. Inhibition of glycolysis by PDK2 knockdown and dichloroacetic acid (DCA) promoted ferroptosis sensitivity in the GO OFs. The ferroptosis-sensitizing effects of DCA were also observed when the GO OFs were treated with GO-Igs. IGF1R overexpression in the GO OFs contributed to glycolysis shift. IGF1R inhibitory antibodies facilitated ferroptosis induction in the GO OFs, but the effects were less remarkable under GO-Igs treatment.

Conclusion
These study findings establish that glycolysis facilitates ferroptosis resistance in the GO OFs, providing insights into the therapeutic role of glycolysis for GO treatment.
The Rhetorics of Plot Function: Henry James's ficelle, Vladimir Nabokov's “Perry,” and James Phelan's “Synthetic Function” Reconsidered
Authors: Mikkonen Kai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article discusses the literary character's plot function as an element of the author's rhetorical strategy, and in relation to the reader's active role in responding to that strategy. The main focus will be on characterological instances in narrative fiction that facilitate the development of the novel's plot by way of the character's movement, perspective, or moving perspective. These considerations will be brought to bear on James Phelan's rhetorical approach to the fictional character's basic functions, also known as the mimetic-thematic-synthetic model (MTS model). More precisely, this article will look harder at Phelan's so-called synthetic component of character, that is, those aspects that foreground the character as a construct (rather than as a possible person or a theme), to argue that much more work can be done with this category. In the course of this discussion, Henry James's notion of a ficelle and Vladimir Nabokov's term perry will serve as complementary ideas and as a counterpoint to Phelan's synthetic component. Hence this article will ask: how can we (re)integrate the plot-helper function into the rhetorical character theory?
A network of transcription factors governs the dynamics of NODAL/Activin transcriptional responses
Authors: Coda Davide M. , Patel Harshil , Gori Ilaria , Gaarenstroom Tessa E. , Song Ok-Ryul , Howell Michael , Hill Caroline S. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
SMAD2, an effector of the NODAL/Activin signalling pathway, regulates developmental processes by sensing distinct chromatin states and interacting with different transcriptional partners. However, the network of factors that controls SMAD2 chromatin binding and shapes its transcriptional programme over time is poorly characterised. Here, we combine ATAC-seq with computational footprinting to identify temporal changes in chromatin accessibility and transcription factor activity upon NODAL/Activin signalling. We show that SMAD2 binding induces chromatin opening genome wide. We discover footprints for FOXI3, FOXO3 and ZIC3 at the SMAD2-bound enhancers of the early response genes, Pmepa1 and Wnt3, respectively, and demonstrate their functionality. Finally, we determine a mechanism by which NODAL/Activin signalling induces delayed gene expression, by uncovering a self-enabling transcriptional cascade whereby activated SMADs, together with ZIC3, induce the expression of Wnt3. The resultant activated WNT pathway then acts together with the NODAL/Activin pathway to regulate expression of delayed target genes in prolonged NODAL/Activin signalling conditions.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Research on EBE-FEM Parallel Algorithm Combined with Fast Color Marking Method Based on CUDA Platform
Authors: Yan Xiuke , Ren Xvdong , Lan Jinpeng , Ren Ziyan , Zhang Yanli 
Published: March 2022

The element-by-element finite element method (EBE-FEM) parallel algorithm has been realized on Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) platform in this paper. An improved fast color marking method (FCM) combined with tabu search algorithm is proposed to solve the problem that the elements sharing a node wait for accessing the same memory space in parallel computation. The elements in the same color can be processed at the same time without waiting. This method can get more even color grouping faster than the classical coloring method (CCM). Combining it with the EBE parallel algorithm can achieve faster element-level operations. The validity and accuracy of the method has been verified by comparing the computed results with the analytical solution of the magnetic field produced by the solenoid. The parallel program is applied to analyze the main magnetic field of a single-phase transformer, which shows higher speedup performance.
Triangular Ring Patch Antenna Analysis: Neuro-Fuzzy Model for Estimating of the Operating Frequency
Authors: Kayabasi Ahmet 
Published: March 2022

In this study, a neuro-fuzzy (NF) analysis method is suggested for the estimation of the operating frequency of triangular ring patch antennas (TRPAs) that operate at ultra high band applications. Although the analysis of regular-shaped patch antennas (PAs) such as rectangular, triangle, and circle is easy, analysis of irregularly shaped patch antennas is difficult and time consuming. Here, this great effort and time has been eliminated by using an artificial intelligence technique such as NF. To create a data set for NF, 100 TRPAs with different physical and electrical properties (L, l, h, and εεrr) are simulated by using an electromagnetic simulator program. The currency and accuracy of the proposed approach is then confirmed on the measurement results of a prototype TRPA fabricated in this study. The results of NF model are compared with the simulation/measurement results and previously the method published in the literature.
Comparative Study on Improved and Traditional Equivalent Circuit of Long Primary Double-Sided Linear Induction Motor
Authors: Zhang Qian , Liu Hui-juan , Zhang Zhen-yang , Song Teng-fei , Wang Yu 
Published: March 2022

Based on the quasi-two-dimensional (2D) field model of long primary double-sided linear induction motor (LPDLIM), an improved equivalent circuit model is proposed. First, the traditional equivalent circuit of LPDLIM is reviewed. Second, the skin effect correction coefficients for the secondary equivalent resistance and excitation reactance, and the secondary leakage inductance are derived. Moreover, an improved equivalent circuit model for LPDLIMs is presented, in which the leakage reactance of the secondary is considered, and the excitation reactance and secondary resistance are modified by the correction coefficients independently. Then, the slip frequency characteristics of various effect forces and variations of forces under different operations and mechanical air gap width are presented. Finally, the calculated forces by the proposed equivalent circuit are validated by the finite element method results and also compared with that of the traditional equivalent circuit model.