bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Simulation of TV‐46000: A Long‐Acting Injectable Formulation of Risperidone
Authors: Perlstein Itay , Merenlender Wagner Avia , Gomeni Roberto , Lamson Michael , Harary Eran , Spiegelstein Ofer , Kalmanczhelyi Attila , Tiver Ryan , Loupe Pippa , Levi Micha , Elgart Anna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTV‐46000 is a long‐acting subcutaneous antipsychotic that uses a novel copolymer drug delivery technology in combination with a well‐characterized molecule, risperidone, that is in clinical development as a treatment for schizophrenia. A population pharmacokinetic (PPK) modeling and simulation approach was implemented to identify TV‐46000 doses and dosing schedules for clinical development that would provide the best balance between clinical efficacy and safety. The PPK model was created by applying pharmacokinetic data from a phase 1 study of 97 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who received either single or repeated doses of TV‐46000. The PPK model was used to characterize the complex release profile of the total active moiety (TAM; the sum of the risperidone and 9‐OH risperidone concentrations) concentration following subcutaneous injections of TV‐46000. The PK profile was best described by a double Weibull function of the in vivo release rate and by a 2‐compartment disposition and elimination model. Simulations were performed to determine TV‐46000 doses and dosing schedules that maintained a median profile of TAM concentrations similar to published TAM exposure following oral risperidone doses that have been correlated to a 40% to 80% dopamine‐D2 receptor occupancy therapeutic window. The simulations showed that therapeutic dose ranges for TV‐46000 are 50 to 125 mg for once‐monthly and 100 to 250 mg for the once every 2 months regimens. This PPK model provided a basis for prediction of patient‐specific exposure and dopamine‐D2 receptor occupancy estimates to support further clinical development and dose selection for the phase 3 studies.
Performance predictors for graphics processing units applied to dark‐silicon‐aware design space exploration
Authors: Sonohata Rhayssa , Arigoni Danillo Christi A. , Fernandes Eraldo Rezende , Ribeiro dos Santos Ricardo , Dessandre Duenha Liana 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe limitations on the scalability of computer systems imposed by the dark‐silicon effects are so severe that they support the extensive use of heterogeneity such as the GP‐GPU for general purpose processing. Performance simulators of GP‐GPU heterogeneous systems aim to provide performance accuracy at the cost of execution time. In this work, we handle time‐consuming simulations of design space exploration systems based on GPUs. We have developed performance predictors based on machine learning (ML) algorithms and evaluated them in accuracy and throughput (number of predictions per second). We measure model accuracy through the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and the model efficiency through a throughput metric (millions of predictions per second). Our experiments revealed that decision trees predictors are the most promising regarding accuracy and efficiency. We applied the best predictors into the MultiExplorer, a dark silicon‐aware design space exploration tool that allows designers to explore the architecture and microarchitecture of multicore/manycore system design.
Preparation, Photochromism, and Luminescence Principle of BMS: Dy3+, Eu3+ Ceramics
Authors: Wang Xinmiao , Wu Baijun , Zhang Jin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA series of barium magnesium silicate (BaMgSiO4) compounds 1–6 are synthesized successfully, which show property of down conversion fluorescent materials. The photochromic properties and fluorescence intensity of these materials depend on the relative content of Eu and Dy. The photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy spectrum of 4 shows that the emission spectrum has a broad band at 396 nm, which is the maximum excitation wavelength. At the wavelength of 396 nm, The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of 3 and 4 show a broad emission peak at 476 and 610 nm, respectively. 3 and 4 show blue‐green fluorescence under UV irradiation, while the luminescent intensity of 3 is slightly higher than 4. The X‐ray photoelectron spectra of 3 show Dy3+ and Eu3+, while the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of 3 and 4 show oxygen vacancies.
Construction of Heterostructured Sn/TiO2/Si Photocathode for Efficient Photoelectrochemical CO2Reduction
Authors: Li Chengjin , Zhou Xiaoxia , Zhang Qingming , Xue Yi , Kuang Zhaoyu , Zhao Han , Mou Chung‐Yuan , Chen Hangrong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUsing renewable energy to convert CO2into liquid products, as a sustainable way to produce fuels and chemicals, has attracted intense attention. Herein, a novel heterostructured photocathode composed of Si wafer, TiO2layer, and Sn metal particles has been successfully fabricated by combining of a facile hydrothermal and electrodeposition method. The obtained Sn/TiO2/Si photocathode shows enhanced light absorption performance by the surface plasmon resonance effect of Sn metal. Especially, the Sn/TiO2/Si photocathode together with rich oxygen vacancy defects jointly promote photoelectrochemical CO2reduction, harvesting a high faradaic efficiency of HCOOH and a desirable average current density (−4.72 mA cm−2) at −1.0 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode. Significantly, the photocathode Sn/TiO2/Si also shows good stability due to the design of protecting layer TiO2. This study provides a facile strategy of constructing an efficient photocathode to improve the light absorption performance and the electron transfer efficiency, exhibiting great potential in the CO2reduction.
A Review on the Critical Role of H2 Donor in the Selective Hydrogenation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: He Yima , Deng Limin , Lee Yuyou , Li Kaixin , Lee Jong‐Min 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe selective hydrogenation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has been of great interest to many scientists and researchers. However, conventional hydrogenation inevitably requires the use of gaseous hydrogen as a reducing agent, which is detrimental to its storage and transport. In this regard, other economical and environmentally friendly strategies, such as catalytic transfer hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis without external molecular H2, become more and more attractive. This Review provides the status and insight into the current research of hydrogenating HMF to high‐value chemicals, using formic acid, alcohols, polymethylhydrosiloxane, water, and sodium borohydride as hydrogen donors and explains the hydrogenation mechanisms and the related hydrogenation characteristics of different hydrogen donors in the catalytic systems.
Chalcogen‐Pnictogen Complexes of Anionic N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes with a Weakly Coordinating Borate Moiety
Authors: Ho Luong Phong , Tamm Matthias 
Published: March 2022

AbstractChalcogen‐pnictogen dihalide complexes which bear an anionic N‐heterocyclic carbene ligand with a tethered weakly coordinating borate moiety (WCA‐IDipp, WCA=B(C6F5)3, IDipp=1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropyphenyl)imidazolin‐2‐ylidene) were isolated and fully characterized. The metathesis reaction between the lithium salts [{(WCA‐IDipp)E}Li(toluene)] (E=S, Se) and pnictogen trihalides E′X3 (E=P, As, Sb; X=Cl, Br) afforded the complexes of the general type (WCA‐IDipp)E−E′X2 (E=S, Se; E=P, As, Sb; X=Cl, Br). In contrast, lithium chloride elimination was not observed with BiCl3 under the same reaction conditions and instead, the lithium complexes [{(WCA‐IDipp)E−BiCl3}Li(thf)4] (E=S, Se) were obtained. However, the corresponding bismuth dichloride derivatives (WCA‐IDipp)E−BiCl2 were accessible from the reaction of (WCA‐IDipp)ESiMe3 with BiCl3 upon Me3SiCl elimination.
Internal benefit optimization model of gas‐thermal power virtual power plant under china's carbon neutral target
Authors: Weishang Guo , Yihua Mao , Xuexing Zhang , Huan Yin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractChina's “14th Five‐Year Plan” proposes that “carbon peak” is the basic prerequisite for achieving “carbon neutrality.” To achieve the “carbon neutrality” goal, the key is promoting the use of clean, low‐carbon energy and building a diversified clean energy supply system on the energy supply side. Wind energy, photovoltaics, and other clean energy sources are increasingly relying on electrification (P2G) technology to achieve utilization, and this phenomenon can help China achieve carbon neutrality goals as soon as possible and realize the carbon cycle. This article first aggregates combined heat and power (CHP), wind power, photovoltaics, P2G equipment, and gas storage devices into virtual power plants (VPPs), and the natural gas and electricity trading market are linked. We then take the virtual power plant operating profit maximization as the objective function considering the P2G device operating costs, carbon capture and storage costs. The optimization model is solved by particle swarm algorithm. Finally, the specific operating data of a gas‐thermal power virtual power plant system were selected to verify the feasibility of the proposed optimization model. We got some relevant conclusions. (1) The optimal scheduling of gas‐thermal power virtual power plant considering multiple energy markets can smooth the power load curve and improve the overall system benefit. (2) There is a negative correlation between the income of gas‐thermal power virtual power plant and the confidence level effectively. (3) The optimization model effectively increases the amount of carbon capture, which proves that the gas‐thermal power virtual power plant is effective for achieving China's carbon neutrality goal, it can be developed on a larger scale in future. The above results verify that the optimal operation mode of the gas‐thermal power virtual power plant is effective for achieving carbon neutrality.
Improving the repopulation capacity of elderly human hepatocytes by decoding aging‐associated hepatocyte plasticity
Authors: Nie Yun‐Zhong , Zheng Yun‐Wen , Taniguchi Hideki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
The loss of liver regenerative capacity is the most dramatic age‐associated alteration. Because of an incomplete mechanistic understanding of the liver aging process, a successful therapeutic strategy to improve liver regeneration in the elderly has not been developed so far. Hepatocyte plasticity is a principal mechanism for producing new hepatocytes and cholangiocytes during regeneration. This study aims to promote the repopulation capacity of elderly hepatocytes by decoding the underlying mechanism about the regulation of aging on human hepatocyte plasticity.

Approach and Results
To understand the age‐related mechanisms, we established a hepatocyte aging model from human‐induced pluripotent stem cells and developed a method for ex vivo characterization of hepatocyte plasticity. We found that hepatocyte plasticity was gradually diminished with aging, and the impaired plasticity was caused by age‐induced histone hypoacetylation. Notably, selective inhibition of histone deacetylases could markedly restore aging‐impaired plasticity. Based on these findings, we successfully improved the plasticity of elderly primary human hepatocytes that enhanced their repopulation capacity in the liver injury model.

Conclusions
This study suggests that age‐induced histone hypoacetylation impairs hepatocyte plasticity, and hepatocyte plasticity might be a therapeutic target for promoting the regenerative capacity of the elderly liver.
Higher canopy interception capacity of forests restored to the climax stage in subtropical China
Authors: Sun Shulan , Xiang Wenhua , Ouyang Shuai , Hu Yanting , Zhao Zhonghui , Xu Xianli , Yue Kai , Chen Liang , Zeng Yelin , Lei Pifeng , Deng Xiangwen , Wang Jiurong , Wang Kelin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCanopy interception loss is an important hydrological process that affects rainfall redistribution, nutrient cycling, and soil and water conservation in forest ecosystems. However, the manner in which interception loss is affected in forests that are in restoration stages dominated by different tree species has not been fully understood. In this study, interception loss, throughfall, and stemflow were measured consecutively for 2 years (May 2017 through April 2019) in three secondary forests in subtropical China: a coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest (Pinus massoniana, Lithocarpus glaber, PM) in early restoration stage, a deciduous broadleaved forest (Choerospondias axillaris, CA) in middle restoration stage, and an evergreen broadleaved forest (L. glaber–Cyclobalanopsis glauca, LG) in late restoration stage. For a given amount of rainfall, the relative interception loss in the CA was significantly lower than that in the evergreen forests in summer, spring, or winter. The amount of interception loss during light rain, moderate rain, or heavy storms was also significantly lower in CA as compared to that in evergreen forests, owing to the lesser leaf area and phenology of deciduous tree species as well as a higher leaf area index (LAI) and stand density in PM and LG. Meanwhile, the highest relative interception loss, interception loss amount, canopy storage capacity, canopy cover fraction, and mean evaporation rate was observed in the climax forest (LG), which has a higher LAI and stand density. Further, the revised Gash's analytical model (RGAM) and the sparse Rutter models were successfully applied to simulate interception loss in these forests, with the RGAM performing better as compared to the sparse Rutter model. The results of the field measurements and model simulations depict that the climax community at the late restoration stage can effectively reduce the amount of rainwater reaching the soil surface, thus weakening the effect of flood peaks.
A multilevel self‐attention based segmentation and classification technique using Directional Hexagonal Mixed Pattern algorithm for lung nodule detection in thoracic CT image
Authors: Sahaya Jeniba J. , Milton A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPulmonic nodules are unusual growing of tissues; originate on one lung or both lungs. They are the round, trifling mass of soft tissues in the lung area. Habitually, pulmonic nodules are indications of lung tumors, but they may be nonthreatening. When identified earlier and treated in time, the patient's life expectancy increases. The anatomy of the lung is highly interconnected in nature, which makes it difficult to diagnose pulmonic nodules by diverse clinical imaging practices. A network model is presented in this paper for accurate classification of pulmonic nodules from computed tomography scans images. The lung images are subjected to semantic segmentation using Attention U‐Net to isolate the pulmonary nodules. The proposed Directional Hexagonal Mixed Pattern is applied to generate a new texture pattern. Then, the nodules are classified by combining the proposed multilevel network model with the self‐attention network. This paper also demonstrates an experimental arrangement called tenfold cross‐validation without a segmentation mask, in which the nodules that had been marked as less than 3 mm by radiologists are discarded. This has obtained an improved result. The experimental results show that with and without segmentation masks the proposed classifier scores an accuracy of 90.48% and 91.83%. In addition, it has efficiently produced the measure of area under curve as 98.08%.
Effectiveness of the rural transitions nurse program for Veterans: A multicenter implementation study
Authors: Gilmartin Heather M. , Warsavage Theodore , Hines Anne , Leonard Chelsea , Kelley Lynette , Wills Ashlea , Gaskin David , Ujano‐De Motta Lexus , Connelly Brigid , Plomondon Mary E. , Yang Fan , Kaboli Peter , Burke Robert E. , Jones Christine D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundVeterans are often transferred from rural areas to urban VA Medical Centers for care. The transition from hospital to home is vulnerable to postdischarge adverse events.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of the rural Transitions Nurse Program (TNP).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsNational hybrid‐effectiveness‐implementation study, within site propensity‐matched cohort in 11 urban VA hospitals. 3001 Veterans were enrolled in TNP from April 2017 to September 2019, and 6002 matched controls.Intervention and OutcomesThe intervention was led by a transitions nurse who assessed discharge readiness, provided postdischarge communication with primary care providers (PCPs), and called the Veteran within 72 h of discharge home to assess needs, and encourage follow‐up appointment attendance. Controls received usual care. The primary outcomes were PCP visits within 14 days of discharge and all‐cause 30‐day readmissions. Secondary outcomes were 30‐day emergency department (ED) visits and 30‐day mortality. Patients were matched by length of stay, prior hospitalizations and PCP visits, urban/rural status, and 32 Elixhauser comorbidities.ResultsThe 3001 Veterans enrolled in TNP were more likely to see their PCP within 14 days of discharge than 6002 matched controls (odds ratio = 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.05–2.45). TNP enrollment was not associated with reduced 30‐day ED visits or readmissions but was associated with reduced 30‐day mortality (hazard ratio = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.21–0.53). PCP and ED visits did not have a significant mediating effect on outcomes. The observational design, potential selection bias, and unmeasurable confounders limit causal inference.ConclusionsTNP was associated with increased postdischarge follow‐up and a mortality reduction. Further investigation to understand the reduction in mortality is needed.
Tube feeding in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy: A systematic review
Authors: Bossola Maurizio , Antocicco Manuela , Pepe Gilda 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPatients with head and neck cancer (HNC) are frequently malnourished at the time of diagnosis and before beginning treatment. In addition, chemoradiotherapy causes or exacerbates symptoms such as alteration or loss of taste, mucositis, xerostomia, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting, with consequent worsening of malnutrition. If obstructing cancer and/or mucositis interferes with swallowing, enteral nutrition should be delivered by a nasogastric tube (NGT) or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). To review studies comparing NGT's and PEG's nutrition outcomes, survival, hospitalizations, radiotherapy interruptions, quality of life, and swallowing function. Two hundred fifty publications were identified via electronic databases. 26 manuscripts that met the inclusion criteria were included for analysis. We divided the analysis in two sections: (1) comparison of enteral nutrition through NGT or PEG and (2) comparison of reactive PEG (R‐PEG) and prophylactic PEG (P‐PEG). They have comparable nutrition outcomes, number of radiotherapy interruptions, survival, and quality of life, whereas swallow function seems better with NGT. PEG may be associated with major complications such as exit‐site infection, malfunction, leakage, pain, pulmonary infection, and higher costs. Nevertheless, NGTs dislodged more often; patients find NGTs more inconvenient; NGTs may cause aspiration pneumonia; P‐PEG and R‐PEG have similar nutrition outcomes, number of radiotherapy interruptions, and survival. PEG does not have better nutrition, oncologic, and quality‐of‐life outcomes than NGT. Prophylactic feeding through NGT or PEG, compared with reactive feeding, does not offer significant advantages in nutrition outcomes, radiotherapy interruptions, and survival. However, the number of prospective randomized studies on this topic is limited; consequently, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn. Further adequate, prospective randomized studies are needed.
Oat, corncockle, and lupine growth affects resin‐extractable soil phosphorus and soil microbial properties differently#
Authors: Christensen Julie T. , Hansen Elly M. , Hallama Moritz , Kandeler Ellen , Rubæk Gitte H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundImproved use of legacy phosphorus (P) in agricultural soils is requested to reduce the need for P fertilizers. Adapted use of cover crops (CCs) may be a promising tool to support this.AimWe estimated the P allocation to roots and shoots of oat (Avena sativa, cv Posedion), corncockle (Agrostemma githago), and lupine (Lupinus angustifolius, cv Iris) and their effect on soil enzyme activity, microbial community structure, and indices of plant‐available soil P.MethodsWe grew the CCs in pots on soils with low‐ and medium‐P status. After 40 days, we measured P, N, and C uptake in shoots and roots; soil microbial C, N, and P; and pH and inorganic P extracted with water (PH2O) and anion‐exchange resins (Presin). Soil microbial activity and community structure were assessed by determining phosphomono‐ and phosphodiesterase, β‐glucosidase, and N‐acetyl‐glucosaminidase activity and by extraction of phospholipid and neutral lipid fatty acids (PLFAs and NFLAs).ResultsCorncockle and lupine took up similar amounts of P, but corncockle had an almost fourfold higher concentration of P. In the low‐P soil, the activity of phosphomonoesterase and soil microbial biomass (total microbial PLFA) were higher after lupine. CCs did not affect PH2O, but after corncockle, Presin was reduced in the medium‐P soil. Oat enhanced the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil.ConclusionsOur results thus suggest that CC species with different P uptake and P uptake strategies can modify aspects in soil of potential importance for the P supply of the following main crop.
High‐temperature corrosion of mechanically alloyed Cr–AlSi12 composite coatings on Ti–6Al–4V alloy substrate
Authors: Jiang Jian , Feng Xiaomei , Shen Yifu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the present work, the Cr–AlSi12 composite coatings were successfully synthesized on the Ti–6Al–4V alloy substrate by using the mechanical alloying method. The effects of raw Cr particle size, milling duration, and annealing treatment on the preparation of the coatings were investigated. The as‐prepared coatings consisted of the inner coating layer with coarse Cr particles and the outer coating layer with refined and highly homogenized structure. The annealing treatment could promote element diffusion and alloying; it was favorable to the densification and oxidation resistance of the coatings. There is a highly densified alloyed layer in the outer coating. The annealed coating showed excellent friction and wear resistance. After the oxidation process, the annealed coating showed the best high‐temperature oxidation resistance. The oxidized annealed coating exhibited four layers, which included the thin Al2O3 oxide film, the homogenized alloyed layer, the composite layer consisted of Al2O3 and coarse Cr particles surrounded by alloyed layer, and the Al3Ti diffusion layer. This was favorable to the improvement of high‐temperature oxidation resistance. The oxidation process of the annealed coating was elaborated.