bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental super-Heisenberg quantum metrology with
indefinite gate order
Authors: Yin Peng , Zhao Xiaobin , Yang Yuxiang , Guo Yu , Zhang Wen-Hao , Li Gong-Chu , Han Yong-Jian , Liu Bi-Heng , Xu Jin-Shi , Chiribella Giulio , Chen Geng , Li Chuan-Feng , Guo Guangcan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Heisenberg limit, corresponding to a root mean square error vanishing as 1/N with the number N of independent processes probed in an experiment, is widely believed to be an ultimate limit to the precision of quantum metrology.In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a quantum metrology protocol surpassing Heisenberg limit by implementing indefinite (a superposition of) orders of two groups of independent processes. Each process creates a phase space displacement, and the precision to estimate the geometric phase introduced by a total number of 2N processes approaches the super-Heisenberg limit of 1/N2. In our setup, the polarization of a single photon coherently controls the order of displacements on the transverse modes of the radiation field, resulting into indefinite order and allowing us to outperform every setup where the displacements are probed in a definite order. Our experiment features a realization of coherent control over the order in a continuous-variable system, and can be applied to the measurement of various important parameters.
Expression of Ten-Eleven Translocation 1 Gene in Acute Leukemia
Authors: Hamed Hosny B. , Naguib Eman M. , Mosaad Monica B. , Elnaggar Mohamed G. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background:The Ten-Eleven Translocation 1 gene (TET1) is a member of the TET methyl cytosine dioxygenase family of enzymes (TET1, TET2, and TET3). The TET1 has contrasting roles in myeloid and lymphoid transformation being either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor. This work aimed to study the expression level of TET1 gene in acute leukemia patients and its correlation with clinical and pathological criteria of these patients. Patients & methods:This study was conducted on 73 acute leukemia patients. Bone marrow samples were analyzed using Real Time PCR 7500s.Results:There was significant correlation between expression levels of TET 1 gene in acute leukemia patients and their clinical and pathological criteria.Conclusion:It has been found that expression levels of TET1 gene in patients’ samples were higher in in AML, not otherwise specified (NOS), and T lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma patients and lower in B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, NOS patients. Besides, this study showed the significant relation between TET1 gene and the percentage of blast cells in peripheral blood (P.B) and bone marrow (B.M) and generalized lymphadenopathy. These findings revealed the great role of TET1 gene dysregulation in leukemogenesis; also its possible usage as a potential target for treating this form of hematopoietic malignancy.
Morphological Features and Divergence of SARS-CoV 2 and SARS-CoV Virus Using TEM Images
Authors: Taha Bakr Ahmed , Mashhadany Yousif Al , Al-Jubouri Qussay , Zan Mohd Saiful Dzulkefly Bin , Luo Yunhan , Min Li , Arsad Norhana 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created a global health catastrophe affecting every aspect of human life. In addition, it has weighed heavily on almost all countries, especially those with less advanced healthcare systems. Improving the accuracy of epidemic prediction models is critical to gaining insight into the impact and spread of this deadly disease. The current circumstances require rapid advances in detecting systems such as in vitro, environmental (e.g., surfaces, sanitation, water, etc.), and vaccine development. A computerized tomography (CT) scan and X-ray images have three issues: ground-glass opacities, consolidation, and crazy paving patterns. These issues can be seen alone or in conjunction with one another. In this study, we focus on the highlight following: TEM morphological features for SARS-CoV 2 virus identification, the proposed framework of extraction features for SARS-CoV 2 virus identification, Comparison features between SARS-CoV 2 and SARS-CoV, Envelope diameter, spike length, roundness, circularity, and area size of SARS-CoV 2 is found for both viruses. The results were that the average diameter for SARS-CoV 2 and SARS-CoV was 97 nm and 102 nm, in comparison, and the main length of spike protein was 11.5 nm and 11.2 nm, respectively. Likewise, sequentially, the mean roundness of SARS-CoV 2 and SARS-CoV was 89.90 nm and 91.65 nm. Consequently, these characteristics improve the sensitivity and specificity of tool detection, identifying the age of viruses, life cycles, and disease progression in humans.
Feature Alignment As A Generative Process
Authors: Farias Tiago Souza , Maziero Jonas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We introduce feature alignment, a technique for obtaining approximate reversibility in artificial neural networks. By means of feature extraction, we can train a neural network to learn an estimated map for its reverse process from outputs to inputs. Combined with variational autoencoders, we can generate new samples from the same statistics as the training data. Improvements of the results are obtained by using concepts from generative adversarial networks. Finally, we show that the technique can be modified for training neural networks locally, saving computational memory resources. Applying these techniques, we report results for three vision generative tasks: MNIST, CIFAR-10, and celebA.
Human Latent Metrics: Perceptual and Cognitive Response Corresponds to Distance in GAN Latent Space
Authors: Kasahara Shunichi , Ienaga Naoto , Shimizu Kye , Takada Kazuma , Sugimoto Maki 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Generative adversarial networks (GANs) generate high-dimensional vector spaces (latent spaces) that can interchangeably represent vectors as images. Advancements have extended their ability to computationally generate images indistinguishable from real images such as faces, and more importantly, manipulate images using their inherit vector values in the latent space. This interchangeability of latent vector has the potential to calculate not only distance in the latent space, but also human perceptual and cognitive distance toward images, i.e., how humans perceive and recognize images. However, it is still unclear how the distance in the latent space corresponds to human perception and cognition. Our studies investigated the correspondence between latent vectors and human perception or cognition through psycho-visual experiments that manipulates the latent vectors of face images. In the perception study, a change perception (CP) task was utilized to examine whether participants could perceive visual changes in face images before and after moving an arbitrary distance in the latent space. In the cognition study, a face cognition (FC) task was utilized to examine whether the participants could recognize a face as the same, even after moving an arbitrary distance in the latent space. The results showed that CP and cognition for face images clearly correlates to the distance in the latent space, which can be modeled with a logistic function. We also investigated how the internal layered structure of the latent space correlates to human response by calculating the regression residual error in each layer. As a result, we observed different residual error trends pertaining to CP and FC. Our experiments show that the distance between face images in the latent space corresponds to human perception and cognition for visual changes in face imagery, and additionally indicates that perception and cognition correspond with the latent space differently. By utilizing our methodology, it will be possible to interchangeably convert between the distance in the latent space and the metric of human perception and cognition, potentially leading to image processing that better reflects human perception and cognition.
The Causal Link Between Circular Economy And Economic Growth In EU-25
Authors: Chen Chun-Chih , Pao Hsiao-Tien 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Actively promoting circular economy (CE) is one of the key means of global sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causal relationship between CE and economic growth using data from EU-25 countries from 2010 to 2018. The selected CE indicators included municipal waste recycling rate, CE-related investment, municipal waste generation per capita, circularity rate, and trade in recyclable raw materials. Panel cointegration techniques affirmed the long-term equilibrium relationship between CE indicators and GDP. Panel vector error correction model results confirmed that in terms of short-run causality, an increase in material recycling led to a decrease in waste generation, an increase in waste generation led to an increase in CE-related investment, and economic growth led to circular economy growth, but not vice versa. This implies that encouraging CE-related innovation investments and promoting material recycling to stimulate the secondary raw material market can help achieve zero waste goals. Looking at the long-term causality, the GDP and CE indicators constituted a causal loop, which implies that there is co-evolution between them, although the circular economy is still in its infancy. This co-evolutionary sustainable economic growth can bring welfare to future generations.
Association between glucose-lowering drugs and circulating insulin antibodies induced by exogenous insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zhang Peng , Shen Yun , Xu Xiao Hua , Ding Bo , Yan Reng-Na , Wang Hui-Ying , Xie Xiao-Jing , Ma Jian-hua , Hu Yun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aim: Insulin antibodies (IAs) affects blood glucose control in patients using insulin therapy. We aim to investigate the association between different glucose-lowering treatments and IAs in patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM).Methods: In this cross-sectional, retrospective study, patients with T2DM who were using exogenous insulin therapy were included. All the patients had stable antidiabetic therapy in the last 3 months and measured IA levels using the iodine-125 array. Results: A total of 1863 patients were enrolled. There were 902 (48.4%) patients with positive IAs (IA level >5%), and the mean IA level was 11.06 (10.39, 11.72) %. IA level was positively correlated with fasting blood glucose (OR=1.069, p<0.001). The proportion of positive IAs was lowest in patients using glargine only (31.9%) and highest in patients using human insulin only (70.3%), p<0.001. The IA levels in patients using sulfonylureas/glinides (8.3 %), metformin (9.6 %), and DPP-4 inhibitors (8.2 %) were all lower than in patients without these drugs (p all <0.05).Conclusions: IA levels should be measured in patients with long-term insulin therapy. Insulin glargine and the combination of oral glucose-lowering drugs should be considered in IA positive patients.
Immune factors and thyroid function parameters associated with different degrees anemia in patients living with HIV/AIDS in Southwest China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Huang Liling , Xie Bo , Zhang Kai , Xu Yuanlong , Su Lingsong , Lv Yu , Lu Yangjie , Pang Xianwu , Qiu Hong , Li Lanxiang , Wei Xihua , Hu Yanling , Lv Jiannan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: In the era of HIV/AIDS antiretroviral therapy, the prevalence of anemia in HIV/AIDS is very high, but the factors associated with anemia are not yet clear. In order to actively prevent HIV/AIDS patients from having anemia, we investigated the immune indexes of HIV/AIDS patients complicated with anemia, and discussed the immunological risk factors associated with anemia in HIV/AIDS patients.Methods: We collected demographic information and clinical data about patient living with HIV/AIDS from January 2016 to October 2021 from the hospital information system. Logistic regression models was used to analyze these data to identify factors associated with different anemia.Results: At last, 1131 AIDS patients were enrolled in the study, including men (72.5%) and women (27.5%), and the age was mainly concentrated in >40 years (85.94%). The overall prevalence of anemia in Guangxi was 26.9% (95%CI: 24.2% - 29.6%). The factors for affecting anemia were CD4 + T cell count ≤ 200 cell/ul (aOR: 5.523, 95% CI: 2.217, 13.749), CD4 / CD8 (aOR: 3.827, 95% CI: 1.669, 8.785 ), free thyroxine [FT4] (aOR: 10.612, 95% CI: 2.03, 55.479), globulin (aOR: 1.027, 95% CI: 1.003, 1.052) and thyroid hormone [T4] (aOR: 0.795, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.943).Conclusion: Immune factors and thyroid related hormone were associated with different anemia in patients living with HIV/AIDS. Monitoring these factors timely will be helpful for treatment and improving the quality of life and life expectancy of patients.
Efficiency enhancement of thin film solar cell by implementation of double–absorber and BSF layers: the effect of thickness and carrier concentration
Authors: Ziabari Seyed Ashkan Moghadam , Ziabari Ali Abdolahzadeh , Mousavi S. Javad 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A Back–Surface Field (BSF) CIGS multilayer solar cell structure is simulated by SCAPS–1D in which, a CZTSSe layer is added between BSF and CIGS layers as a second absorber layer. To achieve the best performance for the proposed structure, the thickness of different layers and the related carrier concentration varied. The 1 µm and 0.5 µm thickness for CZTSSe and CIGS leads to the best performance of the device. The optimum thickness for the rest of layers is also calculated. The effect of the carrier concentration on the performance of the proposed solar cell is also studied. After optimization, a solar cell with a privilege power conversion efficiency of 35.1% was achieved.
Splash, splash. Who’s there? Advantages and limitations of the environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding in assessing megadiverse but poorly known tropical community of fishes
Authors: Abidin Danial Hariz Zainal , Nor Siti Azizah Mohd. , Lavoué Sébastien , Rahim Masazurah A. , Akib Noor Adelyna Mohammed 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Biodiversity surveys are crucial to monitor the health of threatened aquatic ecosystems, such as tropical estuaries and mangroves. Conventional monitoring methods are intrusive, time-consuming, substantially expensive and frequently only provide rough assessments in complex habitats. Recent advanced molecular methods such as environmental DNA (eDNA) using high-throughput sequencing technology are promising although only few applications in tropical estuarine ecosystems have been reported. In this study, we explore the advantages and limitations of an eDNA metabarcoding survey on the fish community of the Merbok Estuary (Peninsular Malaysia). COI and 12S eDNA metabarcoding assays collectively detected 178 species belonging to 127 genera, 68 families, and 25 orders. This approach captured significantly more species than in any previous traditional surveys, including a few species of conservation importance. However, we highlight three limitations: (1) in the absence of a comprehensive reference database the identities of several species are unresolved; (2) a fraction of previously documented specimen-based diversity was not captured by the current method, may be as a consequence of PCR primer specificity, and (3) the detection of non-resident species; stenohaline freshwater taxa (e.g. cyprinids, channids, osphronemids) and marine coral reef taxa (e.g. some sharks, holocentrids and syngnathids), not known to frequent estuaries, leading to the supposition that their DNA have drifted into the estuary through water movement. The community analysis revealed that fish diversity along the estuary is not homogenous, with the upstream more diverse than further downstream. This may be the consequence of the salinity or pollution gradients. In summary, we demonstrated the practicality of eDNA metabarcoding in assessing fish community and structure within a complex and rich tropical environment within a short sampling period. However, some limitations need to be considered and addressed to fully exploit the efficacy of this approach, in particular the development of a comprehensive reference genetic database.
Circulating miRNAs in extracellular vesicles related to treatment response in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy
Authors: Sun In O , Bae Yun-Ui , Lee Haekyung , Kim Hyoungnae , Jeon Jin Seok , Noh Hyunjin , Choi Jong-Soo , Doh Kyung-Oh , Kwon Soon Hyo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Extracellular vesicle (EV)-microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers for various renal diseases. This study attempted to identify the circulating EV-miRNA signature not only for discriminating idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) from idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS), but also to predict the treatment response of patients with IMN.Methods: We prospectively enrolled 60 participants, including those with IMN (n = 19) and INS (n=21) and healthy volunteers (HVs; n=20) in this study. Using RNA sequencing, we assessed the serum EV-miRNA profiles of all participants. . To identify the EV-miRNAs predictive of treatment response in IMN, we also analyzed EV-miRNAs among patients with IMN with and without clinical remission.Results: The expression levels of 3 miRNAs differed between IMN patients, INS patients and HVs. In addition, compared to HVs, RNA sequencing revealed differential expression of 77 and 44 EV-miRNAs in patients with IMN without and with remission, respectively. We also identified statistically significant (|fold change ≥ 2, p < 0.05) differences in the expression levels of 23 miRNAs in IMN without remission. Biological pathway analysis of miRNAs in IMN without remission indicated that they are likely involved in various pathways, including renal fibrosis.Conclusion: Our study identified EV-miRNAs associated with IMN as well as those association with therapeutic response. Therefore, these circulating EV-miRNAs may be used as potential markers for the diagnosis and prediction of treatment response in patients with IMN.
Effects of Acupoint Massage, Finger and Handgrip Exercise on Edema and Hand Pain After Transradial Approach for Coronary Procedure
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Bao Zhipeng , Wei Lan , Zhang Zairan , Hu Yanli , Xu Dandan , Xu Dongmei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Compressor device works well in stop bleeding for patients after transradial cardiac catheterization, yet brings uncomfortable experiences such as pain and edema. While the existing functional exercise methods do not improve indicated-patients’ comfort experience and the comparative effectiveness of different hand exercise has yet to be established.
Methods
A single-center, randomized clinical trial of adult patients underwent the transradial approach was conducted. Participants were randomized into three groups (Finger exercise group, Acupoint massage group and Handgrip exercise group). Respectively, symptoms of edema and pain were identified as primary outcomes with bleeding and skin temperature secondary outcomes, which were monitored and measured at the first second, fourth and sixth hours after the intervention.
Results
Among the 95 patients (28 in finger exercise group, 34 in acupoint massage and 33 in handgrip exercise), the edema of patients’ middle finger in handgrip exercise was gradually relieved compared with other two groups in the second, fourth and sixth hours after the intervention. More interestingly, the edema of patients’ palm in handgrip exercise was gradually eased in the fourth and sixth hours after the intervention. The pain score of the fourth hours was obviously decreased in the handgrip exercise. However, there was no significant difference in the degree of bleeding and the skin temperature of operative limb.
Conclusions
Compared with finger exercise and acupoint massage, handgrip exercise would promote the blood circulation and relieve the edema of operative limb.
COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Suzuki Hitomi , Akiyama Tomohiro , Ueda Nobuko , Matsumura Satoko , Mori Miki , Namiki Masatoshi , Yamada Norikazu , Tsutsumi Chika , Tozaki Satoshi , Iwamoto Hisayuki , Torii Shun , Okubo Yuichiro , Ishiguro Kiyosuke 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Patients with cancer are concerned about the effects of the COVID-19 vaccination. We conducted an online survey on the COVID-19 vaccination status and side effects among patients with cancer in Japan between August 8 and 14, 2021. We included 1182 female patients with cancer aged 20–70 years and registered on an online patient website. Of the patients, 944 had breast cancer, 216 had gynecological cancer, 798 were undergoing drug/radiation therapy, and 370 were in follow-up therapy. At the time of the survey, 885 patients had already received at least one dose. Of these, 580 had also received their second dose. The incidence rate of side effects was equivalent to previous reports. In patients with breast cancer, problems such as the onset or worsening of lymphedema or axillary lymphadenopathy metastasis requiring differential diagnosis were encountered following vaccination. A total of 768 patients were concerned about the vaccine at some point, and 726 consulted with their attending physicians about the timing or side effects of the vaccination. Of the 110 patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy, 75 adjusted the timing of the vaccination based on their therapy. The cross-analysis revealed that 81% of those who consulted their physician had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccination compared with 65% of those who had not consulted their physician. Consulting with a physician about the COVID-19 vaccination was found to alleviate the concerns of patients with cancer and encourage them to get vaccinated.
Multiomics reveals an essential role of long-distance cadmium translocation in regulating plant cadmium resistance and grain cadmium accumulation in allohexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes
Authors: Hua Ying-peng , Chen Jun-fan , Shen Dan-dan , Zhou Ting , Feng Ying-na , Huang Shao-min , Zhou Zheng-fu , Yue Caipeng , Huang Jin-yong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) easily enters cereal roots and is translocated to the shoots and grains thus posing risks to human health. Vastness and complexity of the allothexaploid wheat genome is a huge challenge for understanding its Cd resistance and accumulation. Herein, wheat plants of a Cd-resistant genotype (‘ZM1860’) and a Cd-sensitive genotype (‘ZM32’), selected from 442 wheat cultivars, exhibited significantly differential plant Cd resistance. Integrated comparative analyses of morpho-physiological investigation, ionomic and phytohormone profiling, genomic variations, transcriptomic landscapes, and functional analysis was performed to identify the mechanisms underlying differential Cd resistance. Under Cd toxicity, ‘ZM1860’ outperformed than ‘ZM32’ with obvious leaf chlorosis, weaker root architecture, ROS over-accumulation, and disordered phytohormone homeostasis. Ionomics showed that ‘ZM32’ had a higher translocation coefficient of Cd from roots to shoots and accumulated more Cd in grains than ‘ZM1860’. Whole-genome re-sequencing (WGS) and transcriptome sequencing identified numerous DNA variants and differentially expressed genes involved in abiotic stress responses and ion transport. Integrated ionomics, transcriptomics, and functional analyses identified the plasma membrane-localized TaHMA2b-7A as a central Cd exporter regulating differential long-distance Cd translocation in wheat genotypes. WGS- and PCR-based sequence polymorphisms revealed a 25-bp InDel site in the promoter region that might determine the differential gene expression of TaHMA2b-7A with same amino acid sequences in wheat gonotypes. The multi-omics approach used here eased the identification of wheat core transporters involving long-distance Cd translocation, and may provide elite gene resources for the genetic improvement of plant Cd resistance and grain Cd accumulation in wheat and other cereal species.