bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a contemporary community clinic for patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction within the current National Health Service model
Authors: Tran Patrick , Long Thomas , Smith Jessica , Kuehl Michael , Mahdy Tarek , Banerjee Prithwish 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe diagnostic and therapeutic arsenal for heart failure with preserved ejection (HFpEF) has expanded. With novel therapies (eg, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors) and firmer recommendations to optimise non-cardiac comorbidities, it is unclear if outpatient HFpEF models can adequately deliver this. We; therefore, evaluated the efficacy of an existing dedicated HFpEF clinic to find innovative ways to design a more comprehensive model tailored to the modern era of HFpEF.MethodsA single-centre retrospective analysis of 202 HFpEF outpatients was performed over 12 months before the COVID-19 pandemic. Baseline characteristics, clinic activities (eg, medication changes, lifestyle modifications, management of comorbidities) and follow-up arrangements were compared between a HFpEF and general cardiology clinic to assess their impact on mortality and morbidity at 6 and 12 months.ResultsBetween the two clinic groups, the sample population was evenly matched with a typical HFpEF profile (mean age 79±9.6 years, 55% female and a high prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities). While follow-up practices were similar, the HFpEF clinic delivered significantly more interventions on lifestyle changes, blood pressure and heart rate control (p<0.0001) compared with the general clinic. Despite this, no significant differences in all-cause hospitalisation and mortality were observed. This may be attributed to the fact that clinic activities were primarily cardiology-focused. Importantly, non-cardiovascular admissions accounted for >60% of hospitalisation, including causes of recurrent admissions.ConclusionThis study suggests that existing general and emerging dedicated HFpEF clinics may not be adequate in addressing the multifaceted aspects of HFpEF as clinic activities concentrated primarily on cardiological measures. Although the small cohort and short follow-up period are important limitations, this study reminds clinicians that HFpEF patients are more at risk of non-cardiac than HF-related events. We have therefore proposed a pragmatic framework that can comprehensively deliver the modern guideline-directed recommendations and management of non-cardiac comorbidities through a multidisciplinary approach.
Development of algorithms for determining heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction using nationwide electronic healthcare records in the UK
Authors: Sundaram Varun , Zakeri Rosita , Witte Klaus K , Quint Jennifer kathleen 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundDetermining heart failure (HF) phenotypes in routine electronic health records (EHR) is challenging. We aimed to develop and validate EHR algorithms for identification of specific HF phenotypes, using Read codes in combination with selected patient characteristics.MethodsWe used The Healthcare Improvement Network (THIN). The study population included a random sample of individuals with HF diagnostic codes (HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and non-specific HF) selected from all participants registered in the THIN database between 1 January 2015 and 30 September 2017. Confirmed diagnoses were determined in a randomly selected subgroup of 500 patients via GP questionnaires including a review of all available cardiovascular investigations. Confirmed diagnoses of HFrEF and HFpEF were based on four criteria. Based on these data, we calculated a positive predictive value (PPV) of predefined algorithms which consisted of a combination of Read codes and additional information such as echocardiogram results and HF medication records.ResultsThe final cohort from which we drew the 500 patient random sample consisted of 10 275 patients. Response rate to the questionnaire was 77.2%. A small proportion (18%) of the overall HF patient population were coded with specific HF phenotype Read codes. For HFrEF, algorithms achieving over 80% PPV included definite, possible or non-specific HF HFrEF codes when combined with at least two of the drugs used to treat HFrEF. Only in non-specific HF coding did the use of three drugs (rather than two) contribute to an improvement of the PPV for HFrEF. HFpEF was only accurately defined with specific codes. In the absence of specific coding for HFpEF, the PPV was consistently below 50%.ConclusionsPrescription for HF medication can reliably be used to find HFrEF patients in the UK, even in the absence of a specific Read code for HFrEF. Algorithms using non-specific coding could not reliably find HFpEF patients.
Quantum operations on conformal nets
Authors: Bischoff Marcel , Del Vecchio Simone , Giorgetti Luca 
Published: November 2022

On a conformal net [Formula: see text], one can consider collections of unital completely positive maps on each local algebra [Formula: see text], subject to natural compatibility, vacuum preserving and conformal covariance conditions. We call quantum operations on [Formula: see text] the subset of extreme such maps. The usual automorphisms of [Formula: see text] (the vacuum preserving invertible unital *-algebra morphisms) are examples of quantum operations, and we show that the fixed point subnet of [Formula: see text] under all quantum operations is the Virasoro net generated by the stress-energy tensor of [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, we show that every irreducible conformal subnet [Formula: see text] is the fixed points under a subset of quantum operations. When [Formula: see text] is discrete (or with finite Jones index), we show that the set of quantum operations on [Formula: see text] that leave [Formula: see text] elementwise fixed has naturally the structure of a compact (or finite) hypergroup, thus extending some results of [M. Bischoff, Generalized orbifold construction for conformal nets, Rev. Math. Phys. 29 (2017) 1750002]. Under the same assumptions, we provide a Galois correspondence between intermediate conformal nets and closed subhypergroups. In particular, we show that intermediate conformal nets are in one-to-one correspondence with intermediate subfactors, extending a result of Longo in the finite index/completely rational conformal net setting [R. Longo, Conformal subnets and intermediate subfactors, Comm. Math. Phys. 237 (2003) 7–30].
Viscoelastic Cahn–Hilliard models for tumor growth
Authors: Garcke Harald , Kovács Balázs , Trautwein Dennis 
Published: November 2022

We introduce a new phase field model for tumor growth where viscoelastic effects are taken into account. The model is derived from basic thermodynamical principles and consists of a convected Cahn–Hilliard equation with source terms for the tumor cells and a convected reaction–diffusion equation with boundary supply for the nutrient. Chemotactic terms, which are essential for the invasive behavior of tumors, are taken into account. The model is completed by a viscoelastic system consisting of the Navier–Stokes equation for the hydrodynamic quantities, and a general constitutive equation with stress relaxation for the left Cauchy–Green tensor associated with the elastic part of the total mechanical response of the viscoelastic material. For a specific choice of the elastic energy density and with an additional dissipative term accounting for stress diffusion, we prove existence of global-in-time weak solutions of the viscoelastic model for tumor growth in two space dimensions [Formula: see text] by the passage to the limit in a fully-discrete finite element scheme where a CFL condition, i.e. [Formula: see text], is required. Moreover, in arbitrary dimensions [Formula: see text], we show stability and existence of solutions for the fully-discrete finite element scheme, where positive definiteness of the discrete Cauchy–Green tensor is proved with a regularization technique that was first introduced by Barrett and Boyaval [Existence and approximation of a (regularized) Oldroyd-B model, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci. 21 (2011) 1783–1837]. After that, we improve the regularity results in arbitrary dimensions [Formula: see text] and in two dimensions [Formula: see text], where a CFL condition is required. Then, in two dimensions [Formula: see text], we pass to the limit in the discretization parameters and show that subsequences of discrete solutions converge to a global-in-time weak solution. Finally, we present numerical results in two dimensions [Formula: see text].
PERSONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT BEHAVIOR USING DIGITAL PLATFORMS AND ITS DOMAINS
Authors: CHHILLAR NEETU , ARORA SWARANJEET 
Published: November 2022

Personal Finance Management (PFM) is crucial to control money to ensure that people have a comfortable present as well as secure future. It’s important for every individual to manage his finance digitally in the digital age. This study aims to identify the main dimensions of PFM from literature review and empirically test the impact of its each domain on the overall Digitalized Financial Management Behavior (DFMB). Also, the study verified the psychometric properties of the tool used to measure Personal Financial Management Behavior (PFMB) using digital platforms. The questionnaire was online administrated using Google forms among 388 young adults in the National Capital Territory (NCT) of India. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) test of sampling adequacy and Bartlett’s test, linearity assessment, data screening were done in International Business Machines Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS). Factor analysis was done for unidimensionality assessment, bootstrapping (5000 resamples), and reliability and validity statistics in SmartPLS. The study identified six key dimensions of PFM from the existing significant literature and empirically verified the psychometric properties of the instrument in digital context. The resultant instrument includes 25 items under the six constructs. The study found that spending, credit management, saving behavior, personal cash management, investment and insurance are theoretically and empirically important determinants of PFM practices using digital platform therefore more attention need to be paid to these determinants for promoting sound DFMB.
Research on the Ability of Geodetic Records to Explain the Slip Distribution of Wenchuan, China, Earthquake
Authors: Deyu Yin 
Published: November 2022

We establish a reasonable 3D complex fault model. The Global Positioning System (GPS) data is adopted to reproduce the slip distribution of the 2008 Mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. Utilizing the nonnegative least square method, the slip distribution of the fault plane is recovered. The results are as follows: (1) The released seismic moment of Wenchuan earthquake is

0.959
×

10

21

N
·
m

. The deep of the rupture is mainly within 15 km. (2) The rupture mainly occurred along the Beichuan fault, indicating that the Beichuan fault is the main rupture fault. On the southern section of the Beichuan fault, the rupture is concentrated from Yingxiu to Longmenshan and from Yuejiashan to Qingping areas, with mainly thrust slip. On the northern section of the Beichuan fault, the slip is concentrated near the surface of Beichuan and Nanba areas, with thrust and strike slip. On the Pengguan fault, the slip is mainly located near Hanwang with thrust and strike slip. (3) The GPS data are useful for defining the slip in the shallow part but are useless to determine the slip in the deep part. Meanwhile, the time information of the rupture cannot be reproduced.
Subcapsular Sinus Macrophages Promote Melanoma Metastasis to the Sentinel Lymph Nodes via an IL1α–STAT3 Axis
Authors: Virgilio Tommaso , Bordini Joy , Cascione Luciano , Sartori Giulio , Latino Irene , Molina Romero Daniel , Leoni Cristina , Akhmedov Murodzhon , Rinaldi Andrea , Arribas Alberto J. , Morone Diego , Seyed Jafari S. Morteza , Bersudsky Marina , Ottolenghi Aner , Kwee Ivo , Chiaravalli Anna Maria , Sessa Fausto , Hunger Robert E. , Bruno Antonino , Mortara Lorenzo , Voronov Elena , Monticelli Silvia , Apte Ron N. , Bertoni Francesco , Gonzalez Santiago F. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDuring melanoma metastasis, tumor cells originating in the skin migrate via lymphatic vessels to the sentinel lymph node (sLN). This process facilitates tumor cell spread across the body. Here, we characterized the innate inflammatory response to melanoma in the metastatic microenvironment of the sLN. We found that macrophages located in the subcapsular sinus (SS) produced protumoral IL1α after recognition of tumoral antigens. Moreover, we confirmed that the elimination of LN macrophages or the administration of an IL1α-specific blocking antibody reduced metastatic spread. To understand the mechanism of action of IL1α in the context of the sLN microenvironment, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing to microdissected metastases obtained from animals treated with the IL1α-specific blocking antibody. Among the different pathways affected, we identified STAT3 as one of the main targets of IL1α signaling in metastatic tumor cells. Moreover, we found that the antitumoral effect of the anti-IL1α was not mediated by lymphocytes because Il1r1 knockout mice did not show significant differences in metastasis growth. Finally, we found a synergistic antimetastatic effect of the combination of IL1α blockade and STAT3 inhibition with stattic, highlighting a new immunotherapy approach to preventing melanoma metastasis.
Entre ficção e história: a organização estética no romance de José Saramago
Authors: Santos Iago Nunes dos 
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender a discussão do papel da História de Portugal no modo da organização estética no romance de José Saramago que gera a materialização do objeto estético. Para fins de análise utilizar-se-á como objeto artístico de análise o romance "História do Cerco de Lisboa", pois crê-se que a organização do objeto estético saramaguiano se dá através do jogo entre ficção e história, cumprindo uma função estética composicional determinada pela organização arquitetônica pensada pelo autor criador. Entrar em contato com essa forma de organização específica de Saramago, é entrar também contato com a imagem da tradição que a História tem no país e como isso está relacionado com os sujeitos que ali transitam. Assim como, neste artigo, o estudo sobre o romance, postulado por Mikhail Bakhtin (2014), ajuda a visualizar essa constituição desse objeto estético contemporâneo, os estudos de Eduardo Lourenço e da Profª Dra. Teresa Cristina Cerdeira auxiliam a entender a relação dos portugueses com a História, e o conceito desenvolvido por Hayden White (2014) guiam o olhar para a forma de constituição de um discurso histórico, bem como a sua relação quase que direta com o discurso artístico-literário. Pretende-se concluir que o romance de José Saramago é constituído por meio da relação estabelecida entre ficção e história, sendo que essa relação é determinada pela valoração posta no plano arquitetônico elaborado pelo autor-criador.
Clinical and Experimental Evidence for a Strain-Based Classification of Left Bundle Branch Block-Induced Cardiac Remodeling
Authors: Calle Simon , Duchenne Jürgen , Beela Ahmed S. , Stankovic Ivan , Puvrez Alexis , Winter Stefan , Fehske Wolfgang , Aarones Marit , De Buyzere Marc , De Pooter Jan , Voigt Jens-Uwe , Timmermans Frank 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Septal strain patterns measured by echocardiography reflect the severity of left bundle branch block (LBBB)-induced left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. We investigated whether these LBBB strain stages predicted the response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in an observational study and developed a sheep model of LBBB-induced cardiomyopathy.

Methods:
The clinical study enrolled cardiac resynchronization therapy patients who underwent echocardiographic examination with speckle-tracking strain analysis before cardiac resynchronization therapy implant. In an experimental sheep model with pacing-induced dyssynchrony, LV remodeling and strain were assessed at baseline, at 8 and 16 weeks. Septal strain curves were classified into 5 patterns (LBBB-0 to LBBB-4).

Results:

The clinical study involved 250 patients (age 65 [58; 72] years; 79% men; 89% LBBB) with a median LV ejection fraction of 25 [21; 30]%. Across the stages, cardiac resynchronization therapy resulted in a gradual volumetric response, ranging from no response in LBBB-0 patients (ΔLV end-systolic volume 0 [−12; 15]%) to super-response in LBBB-4 patients (ΔLV end-systolic volume −44 [−64; −18]%) (
P<
0.001). LBBB-0 patients had a less favorable long-term outcome compared with those in stage LBBB≥1 (log-rank
P
=0.003). In 13 sheep, acute right ventricular pacing resulted in LBBB-1 (23%) and LBBB-2 (77%) patterns. Over the course of 8−16 weeks, continued pacing resulted in progressive LBBB-induced dysfunction, coincident with a transition to advanced strain patterns (92% LBBB-2 and 8% LBBB-3 at week 8; 75% LBBB-3 and 25% LBBB-4 at week 16) (
P
=0.023).

Conclusions:
The strain-based LBBB classification reflects a pathophysiological continuum of LBBB-induced remodeling over time and is associated with the extent of reverse remodeling in observational cardiac resynchronization therapy-eligible patients.
Loss of ADAM15 Exacerbates Transition to Decompensated Myocardial Hypertrophy and Dilation Through Activation of the Calcineurin Pathway
Authors: Aujla Preetinder K. , Hu Mei , Hartley Bridgette , Kranrod Joshua W. , Viveiros Anissa , Kilic Tolga , Owen Caroline A. , Oudit Gavin Y. , Seubert John M. , Julien Olivier , Kassiri Zamaneh 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Myocardial hypertrophy and dilation are key features of cardiomyopathies and involve several cellular and molecular events. ADAMs (a disintegrin and metalloproteinases) are membrane-bound proteinases with diverse functions whose role in heart disease remains underexplored. ADAM15 is expressed in the heart and is downregulated in the failing human heart. We investigated the role ADAM15 in pressure overload cardiomyopathy.

Methods:

We assessed ADAM15 levels in myocardial specimens from patients. Its direct role in pressure overload was investigated by subjecting wildtype and
Adam15
-deficient mice to transverse aortic constriction (TAC).

Results:

ADAM15 levels did not change in patients with concentric hypertrophy, but markedly decreased in eccentric hypertrophy and heart failure. Loss of ADAM15 alone did not cause cardiomyopathy in mice (1 year old). After TAC,
Adam15
-/-
mice exhibited worsened eccentric hypertrophy and dilation with greater increase in hypertrophy markers (pJNK, pERK1/2;
Nppb, Nppa
,
Myh7
,
Acta1
) compared with wildtype-TAC. Expression of integrin-α7 (but not integrin β1) increased significantly more in
Adam15
-/-
-TAC hearts, while the interaction of these integrins with basement membrane (laminin), decreased consistent with worsened left ventricle dilation. In vitro, ADAM15 knockdown increased cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in response to mechanical stretch.
Adam15
-/-
-TAC hearts exhibited increased calcineurin activity and de-phosphorylation of nuclear factor of activated T cells. Calcineurin inhibition (cyclosporin-A) blocked the excess hypertrophy and dilation in
Adam15
-/-
-TAC mice. Proteome profiling demonstrated the increased abundance of the key proteins linked to worsened DCM in
Adam15
-/-
-TAC.

Conclusion:
This is the first report demonstrating that ADAM15 can suppress hypertrophy through regulating the integrin-laminin interaction and the calcineurin pathway.
Predictive Coding or Just Feature Discovery? An Alternative Account of Why Language Models Fit Brain Data
Authors: Antonello Richard , Huth Alexander 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Many recent studies have shown that representations drawn from neural network language models are extremely effective at predicting brain responses to natural language. But why do these models work so well? One proposed explanation is that language models and brains are similar because they have the same objective: to predict upcoming words before they are perceived. This explanation is attractive because it lends support to the popular theory of predictive coding. We provide several analyses that cast doubt on this claim. First, we show that the ability to predict future words does not uniquely (or even best) explain why some representations are a better match to the brain than others. Second, we show that within a language model, representations that are best at predicting future words are strictly worse brain models than other representations. Finally, we argue in favor of an alternative explanation for the success of language models in neuroscience: These models are effective at predicting brain responses because they generally capture a wide variety of linguistic phenomena.
The Legitimation of Rewards to Education
Authors: Evans M. D. R. , Kelley Jonathan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Everywhere, education is well rewarded, roughly 5% to 15% for each additional year of university, hence a major source of income inequality. Why do ordinary people see income rewards to education as legitimate? Two key theories: (1) their moral views might align with classical equity arguments asserting a moral entitlement to rewards in proportion to contributions. (2) Alternatively, they might see rewards to education as fair returns on investment, a morally infused folk version of human capital. These share almost all their predictions, but they differ if an employer fully finances the education. Analysis of a large representative Australian sample reveals that the public’s ideal returns to education match equity justifications (~80%), not economists’ fair return on investments (~10%).
Perceptions of Living Conditions across Europe and Their Impact on Xenophobia
Authors: Kiess Johannes 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study investigates whether European reference frames – the rating of living conditions in other countries – affect the prevalence of xenophobia among respondents in different European countries. For justifying such assumption, the author builds on two literatures: a large body of literature investigates the effect of individual and collective relative deprivation on xenophobia. Moreover, studies in the field of European sociology show that, in light of deepening European integration, people compare living conditions in different European countries. The author argues that such European reference frames matter for the development of stereotyped categorization processes and thus xenophobia. Based on original survey data, the author shows that country comparisons matter at least indirectly and he points at apparently important country differences, indicating the salience of the respective countries in public debates and warranting further research. With these insights, this article offers an important contribution to research on xenophobia as well as to European sociology.