bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lineage and role in integrative taxonomy of a heterotrophic orchid complex
Authors: Barrett Craig F. , Santee Mathilda V. , Fama Nicole M. , Freudenstein John V. , Simon Sandra J. , Sinn Brandon T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLineage‐based species definitions applying coalescent approaches to species delimitation have become increasingly popular. Yet, the application of these methods and the recognition of lineage‐only definitions have recently been questioned. Species delimitation criteria that explicitly consider both lineages and evidence for ecological role shifts provide an opportunity to incorporate ecologically meaningful data from multiple sources in studies of species boundaries. Here, such criteria were applied to a problematic group of mycoheterotrophic orchids, theCorallorhiza striatacomplex, analysing genomic, morphological, phenological, reproductive‐mode, niche, and fungal host data. A recently developed method for generating genomic polymorphism data–ISSRseq–demonstrates evidence for four distinct lineages, including a previously unidentified lineage in the Coast Ranges and Cascades of California and Oregon, USA. There is divergence in morphology, phenology, reproductive mode, and fungal associates among the four lineages. Integrative analyses, conducted in population assignment and redundancy analysis frameworks, provide evidence of distinct genomic lineages and a similar pattern of divergence in the extended data, albeit with weaker signal. However, none of the extended data sets fully satisfy the condition of a significant role shift, which requires evidence of fixed differences. The four lineages identified in the current study are recognized at the level of variety, short of comprising different species. This study represents the most comprehensive application of lineage + role to date and illustrates the advantages of such an approach.
Interaction of polygenic variants specific for abdominal obesity risk with energy metabolism in large Korean cohorts
Authors: Park Sunmin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe examined the hypothesis that the genetic variants associated with abdominal obesity (AO) risk, excluding skeletal muscle mass impact, interact with lifestyle characteristics of adults aged >40 years in three cohorts from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Participants from a large city hospital‐based cohort, excluding those with cancers, thyroid diseases, chronic kidney disease or brain‐related diseases, were divided into AO (case; n = 17 545) and control (n = 36 283) using the cut‐offs for waist circumference of 90 cm for men and 85 cm for women. The genetic variants affecting AO risk were chosen from a genome‐wide association study in this cohort with obesity‐related covariates, including and excluding skeletal muscle mass as a covariate. The genetic variants were confirmed in the other two cohorts. The interaction between the genetic variants was identified by generalised multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis (GMDR). The polygenic risk scores (PRS)‐nutrient interactions were determined. Abdominal obesity was associated with SEC16B_rs543874, KCNQ5_rs2796052, CDKAL1_rs9356744, BDNF_rs6265, FTO_rs1421085, MC4R_rs17782313 and GIPR_rs1444988703 adjusting for covariates excluding LBM. However, the best model with 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) contained COL3A1_rs3106801, ADAMTS3_rs13105983, KCNQ5_rs2796044, ZFHX3_rs9938769 and MIR17HG_rs7318578 from GMDR when including LBM in covariates. These genetic variants were specific for AO risk. The expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis showed that the SNP effects were associated with the corresponding gene expression. The high PRS with the 5 SNP model was positively associated with an increased risk of AO of 1.639 (1.463–1.836). The PRS interacted with the age of menarche, energy intake and physical activity. In conclusion, adults with a high PRS, particularly those experiencing early menarche, may particularly benefit from not exceeding energy requirements and from regular physical exercise in order to prevent abdominal obesity. This finding can be applied to personalised nutrition advice to prevent abdominal obesity.
The basic helix–loop–helix transcription factors MYC1 and MYC2 have a dual role in the regulation of constitutive and stress‐inducible specialized metabolism in tomato
Authors: Swinnen Gwen , De Meyer Margaux , Pollier Jacob , Molina‐Hidalgo Francisco Javier , Ceulemans Evi , Venegas‐Molina Jhon , De Milde Liesbeth , Fernández‐Calvo Patricia , Ron Mily , Pauwels Laurens , Goossens Alain 
Published: July 2022

Summary

Plants produce specialized metabolites to protect themselves from biotic enemies. Members of the Solanaceae family accumulate phenylpropanoid–polyamine conjugates (PPCs) in response to attackers while also maintaining a chemical barrier of steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs). Across the plant kingdom, biosynthesis of such defense compounds is promoted by jasmonate signaling in which clade IIIe basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factors play a central role.

By characterizing hairy root mutants obtained through Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)‐CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR‐Cas9) genome editing, we show that the tomato clade IIIe bHLH transcription factors, MYC1 and MYC2, redundantly control jasmonate‐inducible PPC and SGA production, and are also essential for constitutive SGA biosynthesis.

Double myc1 myc2 loss‐of‐function tomato hairy roots displayed suppressed constitutive expression of SGA biosynthesis genes, and severely reduced levels of the main tomato SGAs α‐tomatine and dehydrotomatine. In contrast, basal expression of genes involved in PPC biosynthesis was not affected. CRISPR‐Cas9(VQR) genome editing of a specific cis‐regulatory element, targeted by MYC1/2, in the promoter of a SGA precursor biosynthesis gene led to decreased constitutive expression of this gene, but did not affect its jasmonate inducibility.

Our results demonstrate that clade IIIe bHLH transcriptional regulators have evolved under the control of distinct regulatory cues to specifically steer constitutive and stress‐inducible specialized metabolism.
Regeneration of critical‐sized grade II furcation using a novel injectable melatonin‐loaded scaffold
Authors: Abdelrasoul Mohamed , El‐Fattah Ahmed Abd , Kotry Gehan , Ramadan Omneya , Essawy Marwa , Kamaldin Jahangir , Kandil Sherif 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontal regenerative therapy using bone‐substituting materials has gained favorable clinical significance in enhancing osseous regeneration. These materials should be biocompatible, osteogenic, malleable, and biodegradable. This study assessed the periodontal regenerative capacity of a novel biodegradable bioactive hydrogel template of organic–inorganic composite loaded with melatonin.Materials and methodsA melatonin‐loaded alginate‐chitosan/beta‐tricalcium phosphate composite hydrogel was successfully prepared and characterized. Thirty‐six critical‐sized bilateral class II furcation defects were created in six Mongrel dogs, and were randomly divided and allocated to three cohorts; sham, unloaded composite, and melatonin‐loaded. Periodontal regenerative capacity was evaluated via histologic and histomorphometric analysis.ResultsMelatonin‐treated group showed accelerated bone formation and advanced maturity, with a significant twofold increase in newly formed inter‐radicular bone compared with the unloaded composite. The short‐term regenerative efficacy was evident 4 weeks postoperatively as a significant increase in cementum length concurrent with reduction of entrapped epithelium. After 8 weeks, the scaffold produced a quality of newly synthesized bone similar to normal compact bone, with potent periodontal ligament attachment.ConclusionsMelatonin‐loaded hydrogel template accelerated formation and enhanced quality of newly formed bone, allowing complete periodontal regeneration. Furthermore, the scaffold prevented overgrowth and entrapment of epithelial cells in furcation defects.
Enamel defects of Axenfeld‐Rieger syndrome and the role of PITX2 in its pathogenesis
Authors: Yang Yi , Zhu Junxia , Chiba Yuta , Fukumoto Satoshi , Qin Man , Wang Xin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the detailed ultrastructural patterns of dental abnormalities affected by Axenfeld‐Rieger syndrome (ARS) with a heterozygous microdeletion involving paired‐like homeodomain 2 (PITX2) and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms driving enamel defects.Subjects and methodsSanger sequencing, genomic quantitative PCR analysis, and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) were used to screen the disease‐causing mutation in one ARS proband. An exfoliated tooth from an ARS patient was analyzed with scanning electron microscopy and micro–computerized tomography. A stable Pitx2 knockdown cell line was generated to simulate PITX2 haploinsufficiency. Cell proliferation and ameloblast differentiation were analyzed, and the role of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway in proliferation of ameloblast precursor cells was investigated.ResultsAn approximately 0.216 Mb novel deletion encompassing PITX2 was identified. The affected tooth displayed a thinner and broken layer of enamel and abnormal enamel biomineralization. PITX2 downregulation inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of inner enamel epithelial cells, and LiCl stifmulation partially reversed the proliferation ability after Pitx2 knockdown.ConclusionsEnamel formation is disturbed in some patients with ARS. Pitx2 knockdown can influence the proliferation and ameloblast differentiation of inner enamel epithelial cells, and PITX2 may regulate cell proliferation via Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway.
Phenomenologists on Perception and Hallucination: Husserl and Merleau‐Ponty
Authors: Overgaard Søren 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThere is a chasm in current analytic philosophy of perception between disjunctivists (and naïve realists), on the one hand, and ‘conjunctivists’ (intentionalists), on the other. For more than a decade, scholars of phenomenology have debated how classical phenomenologists such as Husserl and Merleau‐Ponty are to be located vis‐à‐vis this chasm. While there seems to be an emerging consensus that Merleau‐Ponty was a disjunctivist avant la lettre, how to interpret Husserl remains contested.
An Update on General Chemiexcitation Mechanisms in Cyclic Organic Peroxide Decomposition and the Chemiluminescent Peroxyoxalate Reaction in Aqueous Media†
Authors: Cabello Maidileyvis C. , Bartoloni Fernando H. , Baader Wilhelm J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFour‐membered ring peroxides are intimately linked to chemiluminescence and bioluminescence transformations, as high‐energy intermediates responsible for electronically excited‐state formation. The synthesis of 1,2‐dioxetanes and 1,2‐dioxetanones enabled mechanistic studies on their decomposition occurring with the formation of electronically excited carbonyl products in the singlet or triplet state. The third member of this family, 1,2‐dioxetanedione, has been postulated as the intermediate in the peroxyoxalate reaction, recently confirmed by kinetic studies on peroxalic acid derivatives. Several general chemiexcitation mechanisms have been proposed as model systems for the chemiexcitation step in efficient bioluminescence and chemiluminescence transformations. In this review article, we discuss the validity and efficiency of the most important chemiexcitation mechanisms, extended to aqueous media, where the efficiency is known to be drastically reduced, specifically in the peroxyoxalate reaction, highly efficient in anhydrous environment, but much less efficient in aqueous media. Mechanistic studies of this reaction will be discussed in diverse aqueous environments, with special attention to the catalysis involved in the thermal reaction leading to the formation of the high‐energy intermediate and to the chemiexcitation mechanism, as well as emission quantum yields. Finally, several recent analytical and bioanalytical applications of the peroxyoxalate reaction in aqueous media will be given.
Metropolisation through Regionalisation? Spatial Scope and Anchor Points of Metropolitan Functions in German Urban Regions
Authors: Growe Anna , Volgmann Kati 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBased on topics of research examining how metropolisation processes affect the areas surrounding metropolitan centres and change the locations of metropolitan functions in urban regions, this article examines: (i) how pronounced the process of the regionalisation of metropolitan functions is; (ii) in which sub‐areas of a surrounding region the regionalisation of metropolitan functions can be observed and (iii) which places are anchor points of metropolitan regionalisation. The regionalisation processes are studied using a municipal‐level dataset of metropolitan functions from German urban regions. The findings indicate that centrifugal forces distribute metropolitan functions across the surrounding region around one or more metropolitan core cities, and that this is, for the most part, linked to medium‐sized cities and to the complementary areas of metropolitan centres.
Zombie resistance: Reanimated labour struggles and the legal geographies of authoritarian neoliberalism in Cambodia
Authors: Lawreniuk Sabina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs neoliberalism lurches through its zombie phase – intellectually dead but dominant – critical scholars chart the global ascendancy of authoritarian variants of neoliberalism. Distinguished, in particular, by the rise of constitutional and legal strategies to contain dissent and entrench exclusion, authors call for attention to the role of law in reproducing and regulating neoliberal policy. Previous research on the intersections of law and neoliberalism tends to emphasise law's role in maintaining rather than subverting hegemony. In this paper, I move away from domination‐oriented accounts to consider the potential for resistance. I argue that renewed dialogue with legal geography and its erstwhile emphasis on contingency can recentre the agonistic dimensions of authoritarian rollout. I draw on evidence collected through a three‐year institutional ethnography of the labour movement in Cambodia, examining the impacts of the 2016 Law on Trade Unions on labour and labour organising in the garment and footwear industry. I show how the law frustrates and criminalises union organisation in an attempt to insulate the state from the growing discontent provoked by Cambodia's uneven neoliberal development. In doing so, however, the law has inadvertently centred the state as the direct target of popular labour struggles no longer contained within disciplining trade union channels. By drawing attention to the complex entanglements of everyday activism and state efforts to contain dissent, the paper highlights the contradictions that manifest in the consolidation of authoritarian neoliberalism. I argue that legal geography helps elucidate how these contradictions are productive of new forms of crisis, where the rollout of zombie neoliberalism spawns recurrent reanimations of zombie resistance.
A Dual Solid Method for Topological Optimization of a Conducting Solid Cooled by Gas Conduction and Surface Radiation
Authors: Sevart Chadwick D. , Bergman Theodore L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The topological optimization of a conducting solid simultaneously cooled by (i) conduction to a stationary, radiatively nonparticipating fluid and (ii) surface-to-surface radiation exchange is performed to minimize the overall thermal resistance of the solid configuration. A novel dual solid method (DSM) that utilizes concurrent discrete and continuous descriptions of the solid-phase distribution is introduced. Corresponding discrete and continuous solid models are used to (i) quantify the conduction and radiation heat transfer and (ii) power a density-based topology optimization, respectively. The discrete and continuous models of the DSM are linked by sharing information pertaining to the radiation exchange process. The DSM is the first design method to incorporate the effects of surface-to-surface radiation exchange into the topological optimization of a conducting solid. The influence of the relative strengths of conduction and radiation is illustrated by performing parametric simulations involving various domain boundary temperatures and solid-phase thermal conductivities. In general, use of the DSM to account for radiation heat transfer leads to solid shapes with lower overall thermal resistances and reduced complexity, relative to shapes predicted when radiation is neglected. For the problem considered here, the DSM produces solid shapes that have overall thermal resistances up to 25% smaller relative to overall thermal resistances of shapes determined by topology optimization considering conduction processes only.
Mesoscopic Collective Dynamics in Liquids and the Dual Model
Authors: Peluso Fabio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A microscopic vision is presented of a dual model of liquids (DML) starting from a solid picture. The task is accomplished first by showing how a series of experimental evidences and theoretical developments on liquid modeling, gathered for the first time, can be framed in a mesoscopic view of liquids, hypothesized as constituted by a population of dynamic aggregates of molecules, diving in an ocean of amorphous liquid. The pseudo-crystals interact with the rest of the liquid through harmonic elastic waves and anharmonic wave-packets propagating within and among the structures. The anharmonic interaction term is derived from “first principles”; it allows the exchange of energy and momentum between the wave packets and the molecule's clusters, determining the displacement of the latter within the medium, and the redistribution of the energy between external Degrees of Freedom (DoF) and internal collective degrees of the clusters. Among the novelties of this model is that it provides quantitative expressions of various extensive thermophysical properties. The introduction of the statistical number of excited DoF allows bypassing the problem of other dual models which are sometimes unable to correctly reproduce the expressions for those thermophysical quantities showing deviations due to the activation/de-activation of internal DoF. The interpretation of the relaxation times is given, their Order-of-Magnitude (OoM) calculated, and the way in which these times are involved in the different phases of the collective dynamics of liquids discussed. A comparison is provided with results obtained in the frame of Phonon theory of Liquid Thermodynamics, as well as the forecasts for the viscoelastic transition regions and with systems exhibiting k-gap. In the last part of the paper, theoretical insights and experiments are suggested as potential directions for future research and developments.
Glaucoma in rural China (the Rural Epidemiology for Glaucoma in China (REG-China)): a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Yao Baoqun , Chen Xi , Yang Xueli , Liu Yong , Xie Zhenggao , Chen Xiaofeng , Yuan Zhigang , Wang Xingrong , Hu Dan , Ma Xiang , Gao Weiqi , Wang Ruifeng , Yang Yuzhong , Chen Song , Zhang Jingkai , Song Zuoqing , Wang Junsu , Wang Jing , Pei Jinyun , Wang Weijuan , Wang Meiyan , Gao Jun , Zhang Hongwen , Tan Lian , Du Wei , Pan Xuehui , Liu Gang , Du Xiujuan , Hou Xu , Gao Xin , Zhang Zhen , Shen Zhansheng , Wu Changfu , Yan Xiaochang , Bo Shaoye , Sun Xinghuai , Tang Nai-jun , Zhang Chun , Yan Hua 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of glaucoma with associated factors in the rural populations of 10 provinces in China.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study.MethodsAll participants aged 6 years or older from 10 provinces completed visual acuity testing, slit-lamp examination, ophthalmoscopy and non-contact tonometry. Glaucoma suspects underwent fundus photography, Goldmann applanation tonometry, visual field testing and gonioscopy. Glaucoma was determined according to the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology classification scheme. Associations of demographics and medical factors with glaucoma were assessed using multiple logistic regression models.ResultsFrom June 2017 to October 2018, 48 398 of 52 041 participants were included in the final analyses. The age-standardised prevalence of glaucoma was 1.7% (95% CI 1.55% to 1.78%) among the participants older than 6 years, which was 2.1% (95% CI 1.93% to 2.23%) in participants aged over 40 years. The constituent ratios of glaucoma were: 44.4% primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), 34.7% primary open-angle glaucoma, 2.6% congenital glaucoma and 18.3% other types of glaucoma. Increasing age, smoking, cerebral stroke, type 2 diabetes, higher education (college or more) and higher personal income were significant risk factors for PACG. The unilateral and bilateral blindness rates in the entire study population were 4.692% and 1.068%, respectively. A family history of glaucoma was a significant risk factor for the prevalence of glaucoma and blindness in at least one eye.ConclusionsRural populations have a high prevalence of glaucoma, which should be included in chronic disease management programmes in China for long-term care.
Length of day at
c
. 1.1 Ga based on cyclostratigraphic analyses of the Nanfen Formation in the North China craton, and its geodynamic implications
Authors: Bao Xiujuan , Zhao Hanqing , Zhang Shihong , Li Xinlei , Tan Wengang , Li Chao , Wu Huaichun , Li Haiyan , Yang Tianshui 
Published: July 2022

Length of day (LOD) varies throughout Earth history, dictated in the long term by the retreat of the Moon and growth of Earth's core. Reconstruction of LOD in deep time has greatly benefited from analyses of the orbital cycle from geological records. The Precambrian database, however, is very limited. Here we present a cyclostratigraphic study on
c.
1.1 Ga laminated argillaceous limestones of the Nanfen Formation from the North China craton. Milankovitch cycles are successfully recognized from the consistent cyclical variations of the high-resolution magnetic susceptibility data measured on drillcores from the Nanfen Formation. Sedimentary cycles with wavelengths of 12.45, 10.72 and 9.96 m in three drillcores are interpreted as 405 kyr eccentricity cycles. An obliquity period of 20.9–21.4 kyr and a precession period of 12.7–16.0 kyr are also identified. The Earth–Moon distance and LOD are thus estimated at 3.43 ± 0.04 × 10
8
m and 18.94 ± 0.39 h, respectively. Our new results together with the data previously published reveal an important discontinuity between 1.9 and 1.4 Ga in the evolutionary trend of the LOD. We suggest that Earth's core grew rapidly during the interval, which significantly changed the moment of inertia of the Earth–Moon system, and tidal dissipation again ruled the LOD variations after that stage.

Supplementary material:
A description of the calculation method, magnetic susceptibility data, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility data and supplementary figures are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6086544
Effect of Intelligent Navigation Control-Assisted Running on Promoting the Mental Health of College Students
Authors: Jiang Yan , Peng Jinghan , Wan Yi 
Published: July 2022

Psychological wellness is a significant piece of the cutting edge idea of well-being, and a decent degree of emotional well-being is the assurance for understudies to study and live. The purpose of this paper is to study how to promote college students to form a good view of health and establish a healthy, civilized, and scientific way of life. This paper proposes the use of intelligent navigation control to assist running to promote the mental health of college students and proposes methods of intelligent navigation control to assist running. The experimental results in this paper show that

E

three
−
dimensional feeling

= 10.13,

E

action response time

= 4.12, and

E

sense of balance

= 3.35. It can be seen that the mental health indicators of college students after practice are better than those before practice.