bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burnout and scholarly productivity among junior counseling faculty: Mentoring as a moderator
Authors: Woo Hongryun , Lu Junfei , Storlie Cassandra A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe examined the relationship between burnout and scholarly productivity, as well as mentoring as a moderator, among 145 full‐time junior counseling faculty members in universities across the United States. Results showed that faculty burnout was negatively associated with participants’ scholarly productivity (r = −0.63). Findings also supported the moderating role of faculty mentoring in the association between burnout and scholarly productivity. Authors addressed implications for employment within counseling programs and institutions.
Efficient Emission Outcoupling from Perovskite Lasers into Highly Directional and Long‐Propagation‐Length Bloch Surface Waves
Authors: Safronov Kirill R. , Popkova Anna A. , Markina Daria I. , Pushkarev Anatoly P. , Makarov Sergey V. , Bessonov Vladimir O. , Fedyanin Andrey A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHalide perovskite micro‐ and nanolasers have become a novel platform for efficient generation of coherent emission in the whole visible range. However, the laser emission outcoupling from the perovskite microcrystals faces a number of problems related to large divergence angle, light‐soaking by a substrate, and high losses in the case of coupling with nanowaveguides. Here the perovskite nano‐ and microlasers are proposed to be integrated with a photonic crystal supporting Bloch surface waves (BSWs), which are coupled directly from the perovskite lasers with the efficiency of over 16%. The BSWs exciting at 535‐nm wavelength show high in‐plane directivity, down to 9, and long‐propagation length, up to 50 m. Moreover, a pronounced beam steering effect for the generated laser emission is demonstrated by varying the pumping laser beam position, which provides an additional degree of freedom for in‐plane control of the lasing mode outcoupling.
An Injectable Hydrogel for Treatment of Chronic Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Zeng Jiaqi , Su Ping , Li Fei , Yun Yangfang , Liang Haiying , Qu Kerun , Fan Yuanyuan , Zhang Mingwan , Song Jiamei , Yao Yuan , Shen Hong , Jiang Nan , Li Rui , Zhu Dongya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCurrent treatments for chronic neuropathic pain often fall short. A small‐molecular compound ZL006 can suppress N‐Methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR)‐mediated neuropathic pain behaviors without blocking essential NMDAR function and brings new hope for neuropathic pain therapy. The persistent nature of neuropathic pain mandates the long‐term treatment. However, similar to existing analgesics, ZL006 has only a short duration of action. To unleash the therapeutic potential of ZL006, the stability of ZL006 in aqueous solutions is investigated, and a ZL006‐incorporated P407‐based thermoresponsive injectable hydrogel is developed. The computational analysis is performed to help achieve the desired ZL006‐loaded hydrogel system and elucidate the gelation mechanism. The hydrogel matrix can be loaded with ZL006 in an aqueous phase at room temperature without costly specialized equipment and no organic solvent, where the sol is formed and injectable. On subcutaneous administration and subsequent rapid warming to physiological temperature, the sol is converted to a gel. The thermoresponsive hydrogel at body temperature enables the extended release of encapsulated ZL006, and therefore a single subcutaneous injection of ZL006‐hydrogel produces a prolonged and stable analgesic action in mice with spinal nerve ligation. The study provides a practical chronic neuropathic pain therapy and a new perspective on future applications of ZL006.
Limited parameter denoising for low‐dose X‐ray computed tomography using deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Patwari Mayank , Gutjahr Ralf , Raupach Rainer , Maier Andreas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe use of deep learning has successfully solved several problems in the field of medical imaging. Deep learning has been applied to the CT denoising problem successfully. However, the use of deep learning requires large amounts of data to train deep convolutional networks (CNNs). Moreover, due to the large parameter count, such deep CNNs may cause unexpected results.PurposeIn this study, we introduce a novel CT denoising framework, which has interpretable behavior and provides useful results with limited data.MethodsWe employ bilateral filtering in both the projection and volume domains to remove noise. To account for nonstationary noise, we tune the σ parameters of the volume for every projection view and every volume pixel. The tuning is carried out by two deep CNNs. Due to the impracticality of labeling, the two‐deep CNNs are trained via a Deep‐Q reinforcement learning task. The reward for the task is generated by using a custom reward function represented by a neural network. Our experiments were carried out on abdominal scans for the Mayo Clinic the cancer imaging archive (TCIA) dataset and the American association of physicists in medicine (AAPM) Low Dose CT Grand Challenge.ResultsOur denoising framework has excellent denoising performance increasing the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) from 28.53 to 28.93 and increasing the structural similarity index (SSIM) from 0.8952 to 0.9204. We outperform several state‐of‐the‐art deep CNNs, which have several orders of magnitude higher number of parameters (p‐value [PSNR] = 0.000,p‐value [SSIM] = 0.000). Our method does not introduce any blurring, which is introduced by mean squared error (MSE) loss‐based methods, or any deep learning artifacts, which are introduced by wasserstein generative adversarial network (WGAN)‐based models. Our ablation studies show that parameter tuning and using our reward network results in the best possible results.ConclusionsWe present a novel CT denoising framework, which focuses on interpretability to deliver good denoising performance, especially with limited data. Our method outperforms state‐of‐the‐art deep neural networks. Future work will be focused on accelerating our method and generalizing it to different geometries and body parts.
Factors impacting performance on the 6‐minute walk test by people with late‐onset Pompe disease
Authors: Tard Céline , Bayot Madli , Davion Jean‐Baptiste , Danjoux Loïc , Thomas Romain , Perez Thierry , Mallart Anne , Fry Stéphanie , Moreau Caroline , Nguyen Sylvie , Defebvre Luc , Delval Arnaud 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsPompe disease is a progressive myopathy that combines motor, respiratory, and cardiac impairments. The 6‐min walk test is the gold standard for assessing disease severity at the motor level. The objective of this study was to better determine the parameters that influence the total distance covered in patients with Pompe disease.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of 15 patients with late‐onset Pompe disease who were followed regularly at a single referral center. Logistic regression was used to investigate the links between motor, respiratory and cardiac variables and 6‐min walk test performance.ResultsWhen considering baseline clinical and demographic variables, a seven‐step backward elimination regression analysis yielded a model with two predictors (age and the use of an assistive device) that explained 85.5% of the variance. When considering the cardiorespiratory variables monitored during gait, a three‐step backward elimination regression analysis showed that two predictors (heart rate recovery and the baseline partial pressure of carbon dioxide) explained 42.2% of the variance.DiscussionOur results highlighted the importance of respiratory and cardiac adaptation during exercise (along with motor ability) during the 6‐min walk test in patients with Pompe disease. Further studies of larger cohorts are necessary to validate the model, which might enable investigators to determine whether intra‐individual fluctuations in 6‐min walk test performance are related to physiological parameters and/or to other variables such as the patient′s level of motivation during the test.
Preparation and characteristics of polymer matrix composite coatings with low infrared emissivity and high‐temperature resistance
Authors: Wang Yibo , Li Xiangyu , Wang Chenghao , Jian Xigao , Zong Lishuai , Wang Jinyan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the rapid advances in detection technologies for modern warfare, it is of great significance to develop advanced infrared stealth technology. Owing to the complex operational environment of weapons and equipment during the practical application, a high thermal resistance is significant for infrared stealth materials. Therefore, in this study, a high‐temperature coating with low infrared emissivity was developed via spraying of poly(phthalazinone ether nitrile ketone) (PPENK) resin as binder and flake aluminum powder as filler. The variation in infrared emissivity of the composite coating with respect to filler content was studied. Apart from the thermal resistance of the composite coating, the effects of temperature on the surface morphology, chemical composition, mechanical properties, and infrared emissivity of the composite coatings were systematically examined. The lowest infrared emissivity (0.136) was achieved with 40% filler. Even after being heated at 450°C for 1 h, the composite coating exhibited excellent adhesion and impact resistance with negligible increase in emissivity, exemplifying its robust performance. The PPENK/Al composite coating can be engineered on a large scale, thanks to the simple preparation route and, has great potential as a new material for high‐temperature infrared stealth application.
Use of oral anticoagulants among individuals with cancer and atrial fibrillation in the United States, 2010–2016
Authors: Ardeshirrouhanifard Shirin , An Huijun , Goyal Ravi K. , Raji Mukaila A. , Segal Jodi B. , Alexander G. Caleb , Mehta Hemalkumar B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAnticoagulation among patients with cancer and atrial fibrillation is challenging due to elevated risk of bleeding and stroke. We characterized use of oral anticoagulants among patients with cancer and non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).MethodsWe used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare data and included patients with cancer aged ≥66 years with an incident diagnosis of NVAF from 2010 to 2016. We used a Cox proportional hazard model and multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with anticoagulant use versus no use and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) versus warfarin use, respectively.ResultsOf 27,702 patients with cancer and NVAF, 4469 (16.1%) used DOACs and 3577 (12.9%) used warfarin. Among 8046 anticoagulant users, DOACs use increased from 21.8% in 2011 to 76.2% in 2016, with a corresponding decline in warfarin use from 78.2% to 23.8%. Nearly 7 out of 10 patients with cancer and NVAF did not initiate anticoagulation in 2016. Anticoagulant use was more likely among those with higher CHA₂DS₂‐VASc scores (hazard ratio [HR] 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27–1.90 for score ≥6 vs. 1) or with lower HAS‐BLED scores (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.67–2.30 for score 1 vs. ≥6). Among anticoagulant users, DOAC use was less likely than warfarin in those with higher CHA₂DS₂‐VASc scores (odds ratio [OR] 0.53, 95% CI 0.33–0.84 for score ≥6 vs. 1).ConclusionsNearly 7 out of 10 patients with cancer and NVAF did not receive anticoagulation. Use of DOACs increased from 2010 to 2016, with a corresponding decline in warfarin use. DOACs are used less than warfarin among those at higher risk of stroke.
Fatty acid synthases and desaturases are essential for the biosynthesis of α‐linolenic acid and metamorphosis in a major mulberry pest, Glyphodes pyloalis walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Authors: Wang Jiao , Song Yan , Hwarari Delight T , Liang Xin‐hao , Ding Jian‐hao , Yan Meng‐wen , Wu Fu‐an , Wang Jun , Sheng Sheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDα‐linolenic acid is an essential unsaturated fatty acid in organisms. However, there is a large gap between α‐linolenic acid accumulation and its synthesis mechanism in insects. Fatty acid synthases (FASs) and desaturases (Desats) are vital enzymes required for the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids.RESULTSThe pupae of Glyphodes pyloalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), which is a destructive pest of mulberry trees, contain the highest level of α‐linolenic acid compared to other life‐history stages. To further explore the synthesis mechanism of α‐linolenic acid in G. pyloalis pupae, we constructed a pupal transcriptome dataset and identified 106 genes related to fatty acid metabolism from it. Among these, two fatty acid synthases (GpylFAS) and five desaturases (GpylDesat) were identified. A qRT‐PCR validation revealed that GpylFAS1 and GpylDesat1, 2, 3, 5 were expressed highest at pupal stages. Furthermore, the content of α‐linolenic acid decreased significantly after silencing GpylFAS1 and GpylDesat5, respectively. Besides, knocking down GpylFAS1 or GpylDesat5 resulted in more malformed pupae and adults, as well as lower emergence rates. Meanwhile, silencing GpylFAS1 or GpylDesat5 affected the expressions of the other GpylFASs and GpylDesats.CONCLUSIONThe present results illustrate the pivotal function of FASs and Desats in α‐linolenic acid biosynthesis and metamorphosis in insects. Our research also broadens the sources of unsaturated fatty acids, especially for α‐linolenic acid from insects, and provides novel insights for the management of mulberry insect pests from the perspective of utilization rather than control. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Attention across borders: Investor attention as a driver of cross‐border equity crowdfunding investments
Authors: Maula Markku V. J. , Lukkarinen Anna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryDigital equity crowdfunding platforms have brought an unprecedented number of international investment opportunities to investors' reach. Although most equity crowdfunding investments are still made domestically, cross‐border investments often have a decisive role in a campaign's success. We therefore ask what drives cross‐border investments and theorize how international investors’ attention directs their investment choices. We leverage unique data and several complementary approaches to examine this question. Our contribution to the equity crowdfunding literature is twofold: (a) we theorize and empirically show how international investor attention affects cross‐border equity crowdfunding investments, and (b) we conduct the first empirical study of the drivers of cross‐border investments in equity crowdfunding. These findings also have implications for new venture internationalization research and the broader literature on investor attention.Managerial SummaryAlthough most equity crowdfunding investments are still made domestically, cross‐border investing is growing, and cross‐border investments are often critical for campaign success. We show that to attract cross‐border investments, it is important for platforms and fundraising companies to capture foreign investors' attention. Platforms and companies can support this through measures such as international digital marketing. In addition, we found that cross‐border investors are more likely to invest in companies with investors' nationalities represented in the team. Companies can thus benefit from nurturing international diversity and marketing in their team members' countries of nationality. Also, companies can seek investments even from distant countries because once investors invest abroad, distance—be it geographic, institutional, cultural, or linguistic—no longer plays a major role in their investment decisions.
Covalent Microporous Polymer Nanosheets for Efficient Photocatalytic CO2 Conversion with H2O
Authors: Zhi Qianjun , Zhou Jun , Liu Wenbo , Gong Lei , Liu Wenping , Liu Heyuan , Wang Kang , Jiang Jianzhuang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIt is still a challenging target to achieve photocatalytic CO2 conversion to valuable chemicals with H2O as an electron donor. Herein, 2D imide‐based covalent organic polymer nanosheets (CoPcPDA‐CMP NSs), which integrate cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) moiety for reduction half‐reaction and 3,4,9,10‐perylenetetracarboxylic diimide moiety for oxidation half‐reaction, are constructed as a Z‐scheme artificial photosynthesis system to complete the overall CO2 reduction reaction. Owing to the outstanding light absorption capacity, charge separation efficiency, and electronic conductivity, CoPcPDA‐CMP NSs exhibit excellent photocatalytic activity to reduce CO2 to CO using H2O as a sacrificial agent with a CO production rate of 14.27 µmol g−1 h−1 and a CO selectivity of 92%, which is competitive to the state‐of‐the‐art visible‐light‐driven organic photocatalysts towards the overall CO2 reduction reaction. According to a series of spectroscopy experiments, the authors also verify the photoexcited electron transfer processes in the CoPcPDA‐CMP NSs photocatalytic system, confirming the Z‐scheme photocatalytic mechanism. The present results should be helpful for fabricating high‐performance organic photocatalysts for CO2 conversion.
Florida public hurricane loss model: Software system for insurance loss projection
Authors: Tao Yudong , Wang Tianyi , Sun Anchen , Hamid Shahid S. , Chen Shu‐Ching , Shyu Mei‐Ling 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA six‐month‐long Atlantic hurricane season impacts Florida residents every year and can result in devastating consequences, including loss of life, property damage, and business interruptions. Hurricane risk assessment and loss prediction are critical to various uses such as determining homeowner insurance premiums, regulating these premiums, conducting scenario analysis, conducting stress tests for companies, disaster management, and evaluating the benefits of disaster mitigation techniques. This article describes the Florida Public Hurricane Loss Model (FPHLM): a large‐scale catastrophe model with massive databases and analytics tools for business and government decision‐making. We will discuss the design and implementation of each component in FPHLM and explain the tools and techniques utilized to tackle challenges in data availability, data analytics, and the interface between the data, analytical techniques, and computing. Results are shown to validate the software system's effectiveness and reliability and illustrate some of the system's use cases.
Effect of Starch Chain Structure and Non‐Starch Components on the Hydrolysis of Starch by α‐Amylase
Authors: Zhang Xun , Wang Lili , Xu Jin , Yuan Jiugang , Fan Xuerong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThere are differences in enzymatic hydrolysis of starch slurries determined by the starch‐iodine method, but the reason for this phenomenon is not clear. In this study, corn, cassava, and potato starches that are commonly used in warp sizing as the research object, separating amylose and amylopectin, removing lipids or lipids, and proteins in starch, to explore the effect of starch molecular structure and nonstarch components on the hydrolysis of starch catalyzed by α‐amylase. The results show that about 10% of the corn starch is resistant to hydrolysis, much more than cassava and potato starches. Differences in amylose structure have no significant effect on hydrolysis, but the degree of hydrolysis of corn amylopectin is significantly lower than that of the amylopectins in cassava and potato starch, because of its higher molecular density. Lipid removal has a slight effect on the hydrolysis, but protein removal obviously improves the hydrolysis of corn starch, with only ∼2% of resistant starch remaining. Endogenous protein has the most excellent inhibitory effect on the hydrolysis of starch slurry, followed by lipids and the higher molecular density of amylopectin.
Para‐phenylenediamine deteriorates oocyte quality by impairing mitochondrial function
Authors: Wang Xia , Zhao Xi , Chen Yannan , Wang Qingxin , Yang Hui , Xia Fei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSeveral studies demonstrate that para‐phenylenediamine (PPD) is often added to permanent oxidative hair dyes. Sub‐chronic topical exposure to PPD in male rats damages their testicular function; however, little is known about the effects of PPD exposure on the female reproductive system, especially on oocyte quality. In this study, we found that PPD can affect the meiotic capacity of oocytes and their fertilization potential. In particular, PPD can damage the spindle/chromosome structure and prevent oocytes from developing and maturing normally. Furthermore, PPD exposure compromised the dynamics of cortical granules and their component, ovastacin. In addition to the protein level of Juno, the sperm receptors on the egg membrane, were substantially impaired in PPD‐administered oocytes, thus leading to fertilization failure. Finally, we found that PPD exposure resulted in abnormal mitochondrial function, which led to oocyte degeneration, apoptosis, and increased ROS levels. Altogether, our study illustrates that mitochondrial dysfunction and redox perturbation are the major causes of the poor quality of oocytes exposed to PPD.
Participants, Purpose, Place: Planning for Content‐Area Talk
Authors: Barnes Erica M. , Hadley Elizabeth B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFacility with language is critical for students’ academic success. In this article, we discuss the 3Ps model for planning for language use and instruction across content areas such as science, mathematics, and social studies in early childhood classrooms. Focusing on the participants, purpose, and place of communication can help teachers plan for incorporating content‐area registers across the school day.
The OECD and the Field of Knowledge Brokers in Danish, Finnish, and Icelandic Education Policy
Authors: Ydesen Christian , Kauko Jaakko , Magnúsdóttir Berglind Rós 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, the authors look at the extent to which the OECD and national institutions function as data-driven knowledge brokers in the shaping of education in the Nordic region. The chapter offers an in-depth analysis of Denmark, Finland, and Iceland as empirical cases to understand the field of knowledge brokers in general and the role of the OECD in particular. The chapter presents a typology of the central policy instruments connecting the OECD with each national context and identifies the central institutions associated with these policy instruments. In conclusion, the chapter looks comparatively across the three cases. The chapter contributes to our understanding of policy flows via its illumination of the configuration and workings of the OECD-centered epistemic community, forming the modes of knowledge and governance woven into the Nordic education fabric.
Pilotierung des RoleGrid
Authors: Knauf Rhea-Katharina 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel werden die Konstruktion eines Peer-Nominierungs-Fragebogens zur Erfassung der Rollen bei verschiedenen Formen von Schulbullying sowie seine Erprobung an einer Stichprobe von 576 Schülerinnen und Schülern der sechsten und achten Klasse beschrieben. Die Faktorenstruktur sowie die Reliabilitäten der Skalen werden berichtet und verschiedene Kriterien zur Bestimmung der Rollen einander gegenübergestellt. Neben Opfern und Tätern lassen sich Verstärker, Verteidiger und Außenstehende differenzieren. Schließlich werden Zusammenhänge zwischen Rollen und soziodemographischen sowie soziometrischen Merkmalen aufgezeigt.
Pilotierung des SKARB-Fragebogens
Authors: Knauf Rhea-Katharina 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Entwicklung und Erprobung eines Selbstbericht-Fragebogens zur Erfassung der sozial-kognitiven und affektiven Reaktionen auf Bullying (SKARB) wird beschrieben. Dazu wurden 486 Schülerinnen und Schüler der sechsten und achten Klasse befragt. Im Einklang mit dem theoretischen Modell zeigen sich faktorenanalytisch fünf Skalen: Empathie, Moral Disengagement, Verantwortungsgefühl, Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen und Befürchtungen. Diese werden mit soziodemographischen Variablen in Zusammenhang gebracht. Zudem werden die Reaktionen auf Schul- und Cyberbullying verglichen und es wird untersucht, ob es einen Unterschied macht, auf welche Weise jemand das Bullying mitbekommen hat.