bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishing a comprehensive list of mental health-related services and resource use items in Austria: A national-level, cross-sectoral country report for the PECUNIA project
Authors: Fischer Claudia , Mayer Susanne , Perić Nataša , Simon Judit ,   on behalf of the PECUNIA Group
Published: January 2022

BackgroundA comprehensive, comparable assessment of the economic disease burden and the value of relevant care forms a major challenge in the case of mental diseases. This study aimed to inform the development of a resource use measurement (RUM) instrument and harmonized reference unit costs valid for multi-sectoral and multi-national cost assessments for mental health diseases as part of the European PECUNIA project.MethodsAn iterative, multi-methods approach was applied. Systematic literature reviews appended with national grey literature searches in six European countries were conducted to generate preliminary, literature-based, international, mental health-related service and resource use lists for all investigated sectors in 2018. As part of a multi-national expert survey, these lists were reviewed by 18 Austrian sector-specific experts regarding the clarity, relevance, comprehensiveness and availability in the Austrian context.ResultsOut of 295 items included in the preliminary, international, sector-specific lists (health and social care—201 items, criminal justice—35 items, education—39 items; patient, family and informal care—20 items), a total of 261 items and descriptions (88%) were considered clear by all experts. 42 items (14%) were considered not existing in Austria, and 111 items (38%) were prioritized regarding their relevance in the national context. Thirteen additional items (4%) were suggested to be added to accommodate for Austria-specific features of the individual sectors. Major typological difficulties based on item names were observed.ConclusionsThe identified country-specific variations and general typological bias and their potential contributions to service and resource use cost variations across countries and sectors call for further systematic investigation. Next, PECUNIA will develop internationally harmonized and comparable definitions of the listed items and their units of analysis based on a new conceptual multi-sectoral costing framework. The developed lists will require consolidation and further prioritization for the development of a patient-reported RUM instrument and consequent reference unit cost valuation.
Single gene targeted nanopore sequencing enables simultaneous identification and antimicrobial resistance detection of sexually transmitted infections
Authors: Zhou Liqing , Lopez Rodas Andrea , Llangarí Luz Marina , Romero Sandoval Natalia , Cooper Philip , Sadiq Syed Tariq 
Published: January 2022

Objectives
To develop a simple DNA sequencing test for simultaneous identification and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) detection of multiple sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Methods
Real-time PCR (qPCR) was initially performed to identify Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) infections among a total of 200 vulvo-vaginal swab samples from female sex workers in Ecuador. qPCR positive samples plus qPCR negative controls for these STIs were subjected to single gene targeted PCR MinION-nanopore sequencing using the smartphone operated MinIT.

Results
Among 200 vulvo-vaginal swab samples 43 were qPCR positive for at least one of the STIs. Single gene targeted nanopore sequencing generally yielded higher pathogen specific read counts in qPCR positive samples than qPCR negative controls. Of the 26 CT, NG or MG infections identified by qPCR, 25 were clearly distinguishable from qPCR negative controls by read count. Discrimination of TV qPCR positives from qPCR negative controls was poorer as many had low pathogen loads (qPCR cycle threshold >35) which produced few specific reads. Real-time AMR profiling revealed that 3/3 NG samples identified had gyrA mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance, 2/10 of TV had mutations related to metronidazole resistance, while none of the MG samples possessed 23S rRNA gene mutations contributing to macrolide resistance.

Conclusions
Single gene targeted nanopore sequencing for diagnosing and simultaneously identifying key antimicrobial resistance markers for four common genital STIs shows promise. Further work to optimise accuracy, reduce costs and improve speed may allow sustainable approaches for managing STIs and emerging AMR in resource poor and laboratory limited settings.
Levels and correlates of physical activity and capacity among HIV-infected compared to HIV-uninfected individuals
Authors: Kitilya Brenda , PrayGod George , Peck Robert , Changalucha John , Jeremiah Kidola , Kavishe Bazil Baltazar , Friis Henrik , Filteau Suzanne , Faurholt-Jepsen Daniel , Krogh-Madsen Rikke , Brage Soren , Olsen Mette F. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
In the HIV-infected individuals, physical activity improves physical strength, quality of life and reduces the risk of developing non-communicable diseases. In Sub-Saharan Africa, HIV-infected patients report being less active compared to HIV-uninfected individuals. We assessed the levels and correlates of objectively measured physical activity and capacity among HIV-infected antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive individuals compared to HIV-uninfected individuals in Mwanza, Tanzania.

Method
We conducted a cross-sectional study among newly diagnosed HIV-infected ART-naive individuals and HIV-uninfected individuals frequency-matched for age and sex. Socio-demographic data, anthropometrics, CD4 counts, haemoglobin level, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were collected. Physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) was assessed as measure of physical activity whereas sleeping heart rate (SHR) and grip strength were assessed as measures of physical capacity. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the correlates associated with physical activity and capacity.

Results
A total of 272 HIV-infected and 119 HIV-uninfected individuals, mean age 39 years and 60% women participated in the study. Compared to HIV-uninfected individuals, HIV-infected had poorer physical activity and capacity: lower PAEE (-7.3 kj/kg/day, 95% CI: -11.2, -3.3), elevated SHR (7.7 beats/min, 95%CI: 10.1, 5.3) and reduced grip strength (-4.7 kg, 95%CI: -6.8, -2.8). In HIV-infected individuals, low body mass index, moderate-severe anaemia, low CD4 counts and high CRP were associated with lower physical activity and capacity. In HIV-uninfected individuals, abdominal obesity and moderate anaemia were associated with lower physical activity and capacity.

Conclusion
HIV-infected participants had lower levels of physical activity and capacity than HIV-uninfected participants. Correlates of physical activity and capacity differed by HIV status. Management of HIV and related conditions needs to be provided effectively in health care facilities. Interventions promoting physical activity in these populations will be of importance to improve their health and reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases.
Diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus associated disseminated intravascular coagulation
Authors: Mayne Elizabeth S. , Mayne Anthony , Louw Susan 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
Disseminated intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a thrombotic microangiopathy which may complicate a number of severe disease processes including sepsis. Development of microvascular thromboses results in consumption of coagulation factors and platelets and ultimate bleeding. Patients with HIV infection (PWH) often present with baseline dysregulation of the coagulation system which may increase severity and derangement of DIC presentation. Previously, we have shown that HIV is a significant risk factor for development of DIC.

Methodology
We conducted a retrospective record review of all DIC screens submitted to our tertiary coagulation laboratory in Johannesburg, South Africa, over a one year period and compared the laboratory presentation of DIC in PWH with presentation of DIC in patients without HIV infection.

Results
Over the year, 246 patients fulfilled the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) diagnostic criteria for DIC– 108 were confirmed HIV-infected and 77 were confirmed uninfected. PWH and DIC presented at a significantly earlier age (41 vs 46 years respectively, p<0.02). The prothrombin time was significantly more prolonged (30.1s vs 26.s), the d-dimer levels were substantially higher (5.89mg/L vs 4.52mg/L) and the fibrinogen (3.92g/L vs 1.73g/L) and platelet levels (64.8 vs 114.8x109/l) were significantly lower in PWH. PWH also showed significant synthetic liver dysfunction and higher background inflammation.

Conclusion
PWH who fulfil the diagnostic criteria for DIC show significantly more dysregulation of the haemostatic system. This may reflect baseline abnormalities including endothelial dysfunction in the context of inflammation and liver dysfunction.
“Sarcopenia and risk of osteoporosis, falls and bone fractures in patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review”
Authors: Rashid Anahita , Chaudhary Hauge Sabina , Suetta Charlotte , Hansen Ditte 
Published: January 2022

Background
Chronic kidney disease [CKD] has been suggested to increase the risk of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, falls, and fractures. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the occurrence of osteoporosis, falls, and fractures in patients with sarcopenia and CKD, and to explore the possible association between sarcopenia and osteoporosis, falls, and fractures in patients with CKD.

Methods
This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guideline. The protocol was registered at PROSPERO. The systematic literature search was conducted in Pubmed [1966 to present] and EMBASE [1974 to present] on December 4, 2020. We searched for articles on CKD and sarcopenia, and then we selected them with outcomes such as osteoporosis, falls, and bone fractures. The risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Results
Five studies were eligible and included. No studies reported the occurrence of osteoporosis, falls, and bone fractures in patients with CKD and sarcopenia. Sarcopenia had a significant association with low bone mineral density [BMD] and osteoporosis in patients with CKD. The risk of bias assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale varied from 3–7 stars [median of 7]. Due to the included studies’ heterogeneity, a meta-analysis could not be conducted.

Conclusion
The occurrence of osteoporosis, falls, and bone fractures in patients with sarcopenia and CKD could not be assessed from the included studies, but an association between sarcopenia and decreased BMD/osteoporosis in patients with CKD was found. The potential mechanistic link between sarcopenia and osteoporosis in CKD needs to be investigated in future studies.
Assessing fetal growth in Africa: Application of the international WHO and INTERGROWTH-21st standards in a Beninese pregnancy cohort
Authors: Yovo Emmanuel , Accrombessi Manfred , Agbota Gino , Hocquette Alice , Atade William , Ladikpo Olaiitan T. , Mehoba Murielle , Degbe Auguste , Mombo-Ngoma Ghyslain , Massougbodji Achille , Jackson Nikki , Fievet Nadine , Heude Barbara , Zeitlin Jennifer , Briand Valérie 
Published: January 2022

Background
Fetal growth restriction is a major complication of pregnancy and is associated with stillbirth, infant death and child morbidity. Ultrasound monitoring of pregnancy is becoming more common in Africa for fetal growth monitoring in clinical care and research, but many countries have no national growth charts. We evaluated the new international fetal growth standards from INTERGROWTH-21st and WHO in a cohort from southern Benin.

Methods
Repeated ultrasound and clinical data were collected in women from the preconceptional RECIPAL cohort (241 women with singleton pregnancies, 964 ultrasounds). We modelled fetal biometric parameters including abdominal circumference (AC) and estimated fetal weight (EFW) and compared centiles to INTERGROWTH-21st and WHO standards, using the Bland and Altman method to assess agreement. For EFW, we used INTERGROWTH-21st standards based on their EFW formula (IG21st) as well as a recent update using Hadlock’s EFW formula (IG21hl). Proportions of fetuses with measurements under the 10th percentile were compared.

Results
Maternal malaria and anaemia prevalence was 43% and 69% respectively and 11% of women were primigravid. Overall, the centiles in the RECIPAL cohort were higher than that of INTERGROWTH-21st and closer to that of WHO. Consequently, the proportion of fetuses under 10th percentile thresholds was systematically lower when applying IG21st compared to WHO standards. At 27–31 weeks and 33–38 weeks, respectively, 7.4% and 5.6% of fetuses had EFW <10th percentile using IG21hl standards versus 10.7% and 11.6% using WHO standards.

Conclusion
Despite high anemia and malaria prevalence in the cohort, IG21st and WHO standards did not identify higher than expected proportions of fetuses under the 10th percentiles of ultrasound parameters or EFW. The proportions of fetuses under the 10th percentile threshold for IG21st charts were particularly low, raising questions about its use to identify growth-restricted fetuses in Africa.
Hepatitis B, C and D virus infections and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Africa: A meta-analysis including sensitivity analyses for studies comparable for confounders
Authors: Mbaga Donatien Serge , Kenmoe Sebastien , Kengne-Ndé Cyprien , Ebogo-Belobo Jean Thierry , Mahamat Gadji , Foe-Essomba Joseph Rodrigue , Amougou-Atsama Marie , Tchatchouang Serges , Nyebe Inès , Feudjio Alfloditte Flore , Kame-Ngasse Ginette Irma , Magoudjou-Pekam Jeannette Nina , Fokou Lorraine K. M. , Meta-Djomsi Dowbiss , Maïdadi-Foudi Martin , Touangnou-Chamda Sabine Aimee , Daha-Tchoffo Audrey Gaelle , Selly-Ngaloumo Abdel Aziz , Nayang-Mundo Rachel Audrey , Yéngué Jacqueline Félicité , Taya-Fokou Jean Bosco , Kenfack-Momo Raoul , Atembeh Noura Efietngab , Demeni Emoh Cynthia Paola , Tazokong Hervé Raoul , Bowo-Ngandji Arnol , Sake Carole Stéphanie , Atenguena Okobalemba Etienne , Njiki Bikoi Jacky , Njouom Richard , Riwom Essama Sara Honorine 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
Africa denotes unique facies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) characterized by a conjunction of low sensitization, restricted access to diagnosis and treatment and associated with the highest incidence and mortality in the world. We investigated whether hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV) and D (VHD) viruses were etiological agents of HCC in Africa.

Methods
Relevant articles were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, African Index Medicus, and African Journal Online databases, as well as manual searches in relevant reviews and included articles. Analytical studies from Africa evaluating the association between HCC development and HBV, HCV, and HDV were included. Relevant studies were selected, data extracted, and the risk of bias assessed independently by at least 2 investigators. The association was estimated using odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence interval (95% CI) determined by a random-effects model. Sources of heterogeneity were determined by subgroup analyses.

Results
A total of 36 case-control studies were included. With controls having non-hepatic disease, the overall results suggested a significantly increased risk of HCC in patients with HBV (HBeAg (OR = 19.9; 95% CI = [3.7–105.2]), HBsAg (OR = 9.9; 95%) CI = [6.2–15.6]) and DNA (OR = 8.9; 95% CI = [5.9–13.4]); HCV (Anti-HCV (OR = 9.4; 95% CI = [6.3–14.0]) and RNA (OR = 16.5; 95% CI = [7.8–34.6]); HDV (Anti-VHD, (OR = 25.8; 95% CI = [5.9–112.2]); and HBV/HCV coinfections (HBV DNA/HCV RNA (OR = 22.5; 95% CI = [1.3–387.8]). With apparently healthy controls, the overall results suggested a significantly increased risk of HCC in patients with HBV (HBsAg, (OR = 8.9; 95% CI = [6.0–13.0]); HCV (Anti-HCV, (OR = 7.7; 95% CI = [5.6–10.6]); and HBV/HCV coinfections (HBsAg/Anti-HCV (OR = 7.8; 95% CI = [4.4–13.6]) Substantial heterogeneity and the absence of publication bias were recorded for these results.

Conclusions
In Africa, HBV/HCV coinfections and HBV, HCV, and HDV infections are associated with an increased risk of developing HCC. The implementation of large-scale longitudinal and prospective studies including healthy participants to search for early biomarkers of the risk of progression to HCC is urgently needed.
Prognostic significance of SHP2 (PTPN11) expression in solid tumors: A meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Jiupeng , Guo Hui , Zhang Yongfeng , Liu Heng , Dou Quanli 
Published: January 2022

Background
SHP2 is a latent biomarker for predicting the survivals of solid tumors. However, the current researches were controversial. Therefore, a meta-analysis is necessary to assess the prognosis of SHP2 on tumor patients.

Materials and methods
Searched in PubMed, EMBASE and web of science databases for published studies until Jun 20, 2021. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the affect of SHP2 in clinical stages, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in tumor patients.

Results
This study showed that the expression of SHP2 had no significant correlation with clinical stages (OR: 0.91; 95% CI, 0.60–1.38; P = 0.65), DFS (HR = 0.88; 95%CI: 0.58–1.34; P = 0.56) and OS (HR = 1.07, 95%CI: 0.79–1.45, P = 0.67), but the prognostic effect varied greatly with tumor sites. High SHP2 expression was positively related to early clinical stage in hepatocellular carcinoma, not associated with clinical stage in the most of solid tumors, containing laryngeal carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma and gastric carcinoma, etc. Higher expression of SHP2 could predict longer DFS in colorectal carcinoma, while predict shorter DFS in hepatocellular carcinoma. No significant difference was observed in DFS for non-small cell lung carcinoma and thyroid carcinoma. Higher SHP2 expression was distinctly related to shorter OS in pancreatic carcinoma and laryngeal carcinoma. The OS of the other solid tumors was not significantly different.

Conclusions
The prognostic value of SHP2 might not equivalent in different tumors. The prognostic effect of SHP2 is highly influenced by tumor sites.
Accomodation to a ”New Normality” – Risk or Benefit?
Authors: Sicoe-Murg Oana Maria , Mateoc Teodor , Constantinescu Simona Cristina , Dumitrescu Carmen , Vass Hunor 
Published: January 2022

The pandemia generated by the COVID-19 represents first of all a human tragedy, affecting society at its basis, and the effects induced by this boomerang are reflected on the labour market as well. The pandemia has accentuated the need of automation, even on the level of the insurance market, a fact that creates a lot of stress among the employees. The main purpose of the paper is to highlight the situation of the persons employed in various sectors of activity during the current pandemic conditions. The pandemic in the last year prompted large companies to explore more actively the opportunities to automate their activities. In the paper, the authors present the effects of automation on employed people in various fields of activity, including the field of insurance, which has the effect of losing jobs and replacing human staff with the assistance of artificial technology. After the implementation of automation technologies, the roles and way of working of about a quarter of employees have changed globally, while one of ten employees already needed retraining. This trend will continue to grow, with respondents stating that they will have to retrain a third of the workforce in the next three years as a result of the changing roles. The impact upon sales of goods and services is of a lasting nature and the insurance companies have to adapt their methods to reach their clients where they are, as well as in way of selling an insurance police as in ascertainment of damage and risk inspection.
Challenges and Opportunities of Family Leisure Organization for Younger School-Age Children: Parents’ Opinions
Authors: Ručinskė Deimantė , Bilbokaitė-Skiauterienė Ieva , Širiakovienė Asta 
Published: January 2022

The success of education in the family depends on the time spent by the parents with the child, the varied and meaningful leisure time. However, in Lithuania little attention is paid to the fact that the working hours and holiday time of parents raising school-age children are coordinated with the children’s school schedule . The lack of occupation for children usually poses many social problems. The organization and content of family leisure depends on the ability to involve children in a variety of activities according to their interests and needs. Properly organized leisure distracts children from spending time meaninglessly, harmful habits, provides an opportunity to develop various skills, to communicate with family members. Meaningful family leisure time is often limited by certain obstacles: family composition, age of children, financial situation, parents’ work schedule, supply of entertainment, etc.
The aim of this research was to find out the problems and possibilities of organizing leisure time for younger school children in the family. Responding to the goal, it was sought to answer the questions: how is the leisure time of younger school-age children organized in the family, and what problems do parents face? In order to achieve the aim of the research and to collect the research data, a written questionnaire survey of parents was used.
An empirical study conducted in October 2019 (N = 90) showed that family leisure is always or often planned by parents, usually taking into account the financial situation of the family. Families choose both active and passive activities that do not require prior preparation. It turned out that one of the most important problems in planning family leisure time is the insufficient supply of events for families with younger school-age children. There is a lack of events that promote active leisure.
Translation Ethnography: A Case Study of Translation History in the Marijampole Region of Southwest Lithuania
Authors: Vilkienė Vida 
Published: January 2022

The cultural and geopolitical reasons that led the Marijampole region of southwestern Lithuania to become a cradle of translation activities are discussed in the paper. Brief references regarding the cultural elite, and cultural and political activists starting from the middle of the 19th century are provided: they deserve consideration because of different incentives and goals inherent in their lifetime activities and their input into translation. Many writers of the Marijampole region who were born, educated and lived there would translate from different European languages to introduce the culture of the world to Lithuanians and encourage them to be proud of their own identity. Some of them, especially linguists, pioneered theories of translation. They conducted research on translation and analyzed various issues of translated literature. Although the article limits itself to just one region, it deals with the importance of translation activities as a strengthening factor of the nation-state and preservation of its language.