bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pesticide Contamination of Fish Ponds in Relation To Crop Area in a Mixed Farmland-Pond Landscape (Dombes Area - France)
Authors: Sarrazin Benoit , Wezel Alexander , Guerin Mathieu , Robin Joel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Pesticides are still widely used by agriculture, leading to the exposure of surface water. This may be the case for fish ponds located in farmland landscapes. To address this issue, the present study investigated the contamination by pesticides of fish ponds located in the mixed agriculture-pond landscape of the Dombes area, France. 10 ponds were selected in water catchments with a gradient of 3-57 ha of cropland with maize and winter cereals as the dominant crops. 197 water samples were collected in the ponds during the fish production season over three years. Recently used pesticides were the most frequent residues occurring. Occurrences greater than 0.1 µg/l particularly concerned Chlorotoluron and S-Metolachlor. Maximum observed concentrations were slightly above 3 µg/l for S-Metolachlor, Acetochlor and Dimethenamide, all herbicides allowed for maize cultivation. Isoproturon and Chlorotoluron, herbicides allowed in cereal crops, reached up to 1.2 and 1.0 µg/l, respectively. We found a significant positive effect of crop area in catchments on the ponds contamination frequency by pesticides and more significantly on the contamination frequency by broad spectrum herbicides (glyphosate and AMPA residues). The cumulative antecedent rainfall was best correlated to the frequency of highest contaminations (> 0,5 µg/l). In such a hydrological context, crop area within catchment was identified as a good indicator of fish ponds exposure to pesticides residues. Finally, we proposed to adapt some mitigation measures to reduce fish ponds contamination.
Evaluating severe hypercholesterolemia in an uninsured, vulnerable population receiving care at a community clinic
Authors: Peedikayil Josh , Measom Clark , Wilson Brianna , Stuard Whitney , Valencia Angel , Lafferty Ashlyn , Jasani Reena , Ahmed Cat , Hurt Marcus , Khera Amit , Gimpel Nora , Ahmad Zahid 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundIndividuals with LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL (severe hypercholesterolemia) require treatment with high-intensity statins and should be evaluated for underlying causes including Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH). The characteristics of patients with LDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dL has been reported in routine healthcare settings, but limited data exist about uninsured populations.ObjectivesTo examine the scope of LDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dL in a clinic serving uninsured populations.MethodsPatients with LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL at North Dallas Shared Ministries, a charity, community clinic in Dallas, TX, were identified via query of the electronic health record, and data was extracted from medical charts. Patients were interviewed to obtain family history and assess knowledge of cholesterol levels.ResultsAmong 662 patients with lipid measurements, 27 had LDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dL (67% female, 78% Hispanic, mean age 52 years). Median pretreatment LDL-C was 210.5 mg/dL. Almost all (93%) were prescribed a statin, but only 33% were prescribed high-intensity statin. Treated LDL-C was 141 mg/dL. No patients had an ICD-10 diagnosis of FH, and only 31% had laboratory tests for secondary causes of hypercholesterolemia. Only 15% had any documentation of family history of hypercholesterolemia and/or ASCVD. After interviewing, we discovered previously undocumented family history of hypercholesterolemia in 54% and ASCVD in 31%.ConclusionsAmong the uninsured with LDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dL in a community clinic, the use of high-intensity statins was suboptimal, and most were not evaluated for causes of severe hypercholesterolemia. Future efforts to address gaps and education are warranted to improve care for severe hypercholesterolemia patients in this vulnerable population.Condensed AbstractFew studies evaluate severe hypercholesterolemia in uninsured populations. We queried the electronic health record at a charity community clinic to characterize individuals with severe hypercholesterolemia. Our results suggest more education is needed for patients and providers regarding severe hypercholesterolemia and FH to better care for this vulnerable population.
Effects of Oyster Shell Powder on Leaching Characteristics of Nutrients in Latosol
Authors: Yang Xiaofei , Huang Yongxiang , Liu Kexing , Zheng Chao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the effect of oyster shell powder of different proportions on the nutrient leaching characteristics of latosol, using an indoor soil column simulation test. Based on the optimized fertilizer application amount, we tested five different amounts of oyster shell powder in the test [0 % (control, CK), 0.1 % (T1), 0.2 % (T2), 0.4 % (T3), and 0.8 % (T4)] for analyzing the intermittent and dynamic leaching characteristics of nutrients in the soil samples. The results indicated that the loss of nutrients in urea, superphosphate, and potassium chloride (due to leaching) increased linearly with the amount of fertilizer. By adding oyster shell powder, the leaching loss reduced by 23.90–57.25 % for ammonium nitrogen, 6.31–10.07 % for phosphorus, and 17.08–26.58 % for potassium. However, the leaching loss for nitrate nitrogen increased by 2.5–5.8 times. In addition, the application of oyster shell powder to latosol provided acid adjustment and water retention enhancement, which increased the pH value of the soil by 3.77 (from pH 4.15 to 7.92) and reduced water loss by 2.52 %. Thus, the application of oyster shell powder can reduce the acidity of the surface soil and retain water and fertilizer to a certain extent; however, it may increase the potential risk of nitrate nitrogen pollution in groundwater.
Barriers and Enablers for Older Adults Participating in A Home-Based Pragmatic Exercise Program Delivered and Monitored by Amazon Alexa: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Jansons Paul , Fyfe Jackson , Via Jack Dalla , Daly Robin M , Gvozdenko Eugene , Scott David 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The remote delivery and monitoring of individually-tailored exercise programs using voice-controlled intelligent personal assistants (VIPAs) that support conversation-based interactions may be an acceptable alternative model of digital health delivery for older adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate the enablers and barriers for older adults participating in a home-based exercise program delivered and monitored by VIPAs.
Method
This qualitative study used videoconferencing to conduct semi-structured interviews following a 12-week, prospective single-arm pilot study in 15 adults aged 60 to 89 years living alone in the community. All participants were prescribed an individualized, brief (10 minutes, 2-4 times per day), home-based muscle strengthening and balance exercise program delivered and monitored using an Amazon Echo Show 5 device (Alexa). Qualitative interview data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.
Results
All 15 participants (aged 70.3 ± 4.3 years, mean ± SD) attended the semi-structured interview. Themes including enjoyability and ease of use, social engagement and motivation were enablers for participation in the exercise program. Errors in voice recognition, lack of feedback, and preference for other existing digital health modes of exercise delivery were barriers associated with the Alexa technology.
Conclusions
This qualitative study identified enablers and barriers associated with using an Alexa device to deliver and monitor an individualized, home-based exercise program in older adults living alone. Future interventions using VIPAs should focus on reducing technical errors, providing regular exercise feedback, and comparing participants’ experiences of exercise programs delivered by VIPAs to programs delivered via other digital health tools.
Comparison of Factors Influencing Fall Recurrence in the Young-old and Old-old: a Cross-sectional Nationwide Study in South Korea
Authors: Kim Mi Young , Kim Yujeong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Elderly recurrent falls are a significant problem. Most elderlies experience injuries after falls, and elderlies over 65 years old who fall often require medical treatment for severe fall-related injuries, and the financial costs of fall-related injuries are significant. This study aimed to identify factors related to recurrent falls in community-dwelling young–old (65–74 years old) and old­–old (>75 years) elderlies in South Korea.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional, correlation design. Data from the 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans were used, and 5,838 young–old and 4,205 old–old elderly were included in the analysis. The questionnaire included general characteristics, fall experience, physical status, mental status, chronic disease characteristics items. A Χ2 test, ANOVA, and logistic regression were performed for data analysis.Results: In the young–old elderlies, limitations in activities of daily living (p<.001), visual aids (p=.002), cognitive function (p<.001), suicidal ideations (p=.005), number of chronic diseases (p<.001), and number of prescribed medications (p=.006) affected fall recurrence. In the old–old elderlies, spouse (p=.034), national basic livelihood security system (p=.025), exercise (p=.003), limitations in activities of daily living (p<.001), visual aids (p=.002), suicidal ideations (p=.015), number of chronic diseases (p<.001), and Parkinson's disease (p<.001) affected fall recurrence.Conclusions: This study identified differences in factors related to fall recurrence between young–old and old-old elderlies. Based on the findings, a risk assessment tool that can screen the recurrent falls that reflects the characteristics of each age group. In addition, appropriate interventions must be developed to prevent recurrent falls risk according to age group.
Exploring the Feasibility of Establishing a Core Set of Sexual, Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent Health Indicators in Humanitarian Settings: Results From a Multi-methods Assessment in Jordan
Authors: Hammad Majd , Foster Angel M. , Aissaoui Anya , Clark Emily , Elamurugan Kaeshan , Rajendra Kanya Lakshmi , El-Mowafi Ieman , Kobeissi Loulou 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Reliable and rigorously collected sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health (SRMNCAH) data in humanitarian settings is often sparse and variable in quality across different humanitarian settings. To address this gap in data quality, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed a core set of indicators for monitoring and evaluating SRMNCAH services and outcomes in humanitarian settings, and assessed their feasibility in the field in Jordan, in addition to three other countries; with the goal of aggregating information from global consultations and field-level assessments to reach consensus on a set of core SRMNCAH indicators for services and outcome evaluation in humanitarian settings among WHO global partners. Methods: The feasibility assessment in Jordan focused on the following constructs: relevance/usefulness, feasibility of measurement, systems and resources, and ethical issues. The multi-methods assessment included five components; a desk review, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, facility assessments, and observational sessions. Results: Findings suggest that there is widespread support among regional, national, as well as global stakeholders for developing a core list of SRMNCAH indicators for monitoring and evaluation of services and outcomes in humanitarian settings in Jordan. There are numerous resources and data collection systems that could be leveraged, built upon, and improved to ensure the feasibility of collecting this proposed set of indicators. However, the data collection load requested from donors, the national government, international and UN agencies, coordination/cluster systems must be better harmonized, standardized, and less burdensome. Conclusions: Despite stakeholder support in developing a core set of indicators, this would only be useful if it has the buy-in from the international community. Greater harmonization and coordination, alongside increased resource allocation, would improve data collection efforts and allow stakeholders to meet indicators’ reporting requirements.
A Blockchain-based Secure Storage Scheme for Medical Information
Authors: SUN Zhijie , Han Dezhi , Li Dun , Wang Xiangsheng , Chang Chin-Chen , Wu Zhongdai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Medical data involves a large amount of personal information and is highly privacy sensitive. In the age of big data, the increasing informatization of healthcare makes it vital that medical information is stored securely and accurately. However, current medical information is subject to the risk of privacy leakage and difficult to share. To address these issues, this paper proposes a healthcare information security storage solution based on Hyperledger Fabric and the Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) framework. The scheme first utilizes attributebased access control, which allows dynamic and fine-grained access to medical information, and then stores the medical information in the blockchain, which can be secured and tamperproof by formulating corresponding smart contracts. In addition, this solution also incorporates IPFS technology to relieve the storage pressure of the blockchain. Experiments show that the proposed scheme combining access control of attributes and blockchain technology in this paper can not only ensure the secure storage and integrity of medical information but also has a high throughput when accessing medical information.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of molecular expression pattern and intercellular interactions in glial scar responding to spinal cord injury
Authors: Zhou Songlin , Gong Leilei , Gu Yun , Han Xiaoxiao , Luan Chengcheng , Wang Xinghui , Sun Yufeng , Fang Mengya , Yang Shuhai , Xu Lai , Sun Hualin , Yu Bin , Gu Xiao-song 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Nerve regeneration in adult mammalian spinal cord is poor because of the lack of intrinsic regeneration of neurons and extrinsic factors-the glial scar, triggered by injury and exerting confusing inhibiting or promoting regeneration function. Recent technological advancements in spatial transcriptomics (ST) provide a unique opportunity to decipher all or most genes systematically throughout scar formation, which remains poorly understood. Herein, we firstly constructed tissue-wide gene expression patterns of mouse spinal cords over the course of scar formation using ST after spinal cord injury (SCI) based on the transcriptomes from 32 samples. Locally, we identified gene expression gradients from leading edge to the core of scar areas that allow for re-understanding of the scar microenvironment, such as neurotransmitter disorder, activation of proinflammatory response, neurotoxic saturated lipids, angiogenesis, obstructing axon extension and extracellular structure re-organization. Additionally, we identified 21 cell types during scar formation and delineated the origin, functional diversity and the possible trajectory between subpopulations of fibroblast, glia and immune cell. Specially, we found some regulators in special cell types, such as Thbs1 and Col1a2 in macrophage, CD36 and Postn in fibroblast, Plxnb2 and Nxpe3 in microglia, Clu in astrocyte and CD74 in oligodendrocyte. Subsequently, we accurately defined the extent of scar boundary and profiled the bidirectional ligand-receptor interactions at the neighbor cluster boundary, contributing to maintain scar architecture during gliosis and fibrosis, and found GPR37L1_PSAP and GPR37_PSAP were the most significant gene-pairs between microglia, fibroblasts and astrocytes. Last, we quantified the fraction of scar-resident cell and defined four phases of the scar formation: macrophage infiltration, proliferation and differentiation of scar-resident cells, scar emergence and scar stationary. Together, the establishment of these profiles firstly uncovered scar spatial heterogeneity and lineage trajectory, provide an unbiased view of scar and served as a valuable resource for the central nervous system (CNS) injury treatment.
A multi-adenylate cyclase regulator at the flagellar tip controls African trypanosome transmission
Authors: Bachmaier Sabine , Giacomelli Giacomo , Calvo-Alvarez Estéfania , Vieira Larissa Rezende , Abbeele Jan Van Den , Aristodemou Aris , Lorentzen Esben , Gould Matthew , Brennand Ana , Dupuy Jean-Wiliam , Forné Ignasi , imhof Axel , Bramkamp Marc , Salmon Didier , Rotureau Brice , Boshart Michael 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Signaling from ciliary nanodomains controls developmental processes in metazoans. Trypanosome transmission requires development and migration in the tsetse vector alimentary tract. Flagellar cAMP signaling has been linked to parasite social motility (SoMo) in vitro, yet uncovering control of directed migration in fly organs is challenging. Here we show that the architecture of an adenylate cyclase (AC) complex in the flagellar tip nanodomain is essential for tsetse salivary gland (SG) colonization and SoMo. Cyclic AMP response protein 3 (CARP3) binds and regulates multiple AC isoforms. CARP3 tip localization depends on the scaffold FLAM8. Re-localization of CARP3 away from the tip nanodomain is sufficient to abolish SoMo and fly SG colonization. Since intrinsic development is normal in ∆carp3 and ∆flam8 mutant parasites, AC complex-mediated tip signaling specifically controls parasite migration and thereby transmission. Participation of several developmentally regulated receptor-type AC isoforms may indicate the complexity of the in vivo signals perceived.
Effects of Genotype and Culture Conditions on Microspore Embryogenesis in Radish (Raphanus sativus L.)
Authors: Chen Yaru , Wang Yan , Xu Liang , Su Xiaojun , Zhai Lulu , Zhao Yanling , Zhang Cuiping , Liu Liwang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Radish (Raphanus sativus L.), an important annual or biennial root vegetable crop, is widely cultivated in the world for its high nutritive value. Isolated microspore culture (IMC) is one of the most effective methods for rapid development of homozygous lines. Due to the imperfection of IMC technology system, it is particularly important to establish an efficient IMC system. In this study, the effects of different factors on radish microspore embryogenesis were investigated with 23 genotypes. Buds with the largest population of late-uninucleate stage microspores were most suitable for embryogenesis, with a ratio of petal length to anther length (P/A) in buds of about 3/4~1. Cold pre-treatment was found to be genotype specific, and the highest microspore-derived embryo (MDE) yield occurred for treatment of the heat shock of 48 h. In addition, the supplement of 0.75 g/L activated charcoal (AC) could increase the yield of embryoids. It was found that genotypes, bud size as well as temperature treatments had significant effects on microspore embryogenesis. Furthermore, somatic embryogenesis-related kinase (SERK) genes were profiled by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, which indicated that they are involved in the process of MDE formation and plantlet regeneration. The ploidy of microspore-derived plants was identified by chromosome counting and flow cytometry, and the microspore derived plants were further proved as homozygous plants through expressed sequence tags-simple sequence repeats (EST-SSR) and genetic-SSR markers. The results would facilitate generating the large-scale double haploid (DH) from various genotypes, and promoting further highly efficient genetic improvement in radish.
Demographic, Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Adult-Onset Minimal Change Disease in Turkey: Turkish Society of Nephrology-Glomerular Diseases (TSN-GOLD) Working Group
Authors: Aydin Zeki , Yilmaz Murvet , Sipahioglu Murat , Dervisoglu Erkan , Aydemir Nihal , Uzun Sami , Istemihan Zulal , Unsal Oktay , Tatar Erhan , Berktas Haci Bayram , Ozdemir Arzu , Sumnu Abdullah , Kumru Gizem , Cetinkaya Hakki , Kazan Sinan , Kocyigit Ismail , Gokalp Cenk , Hasbal Baris , Artan Ayse Serra , Ozelsancak Ruya , Taymez Dilek , Yadigar Serap , Alagoz Selma , Aslan Bilal Burcak , Yaylaci Selcuk , Jabrayilov Jabrayil , Turgutalp Kenan , Dursun Belda , Sahin Garip 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: In our study, diagnostic and demographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with minimal change disease (MCD) by biopsy, clinical and laboratory findings in our country were investigated.Methods: Data were obtained from the Turkish Society of Nephrology Glomerular Diseases (TSN-GOLD) Working Group database. Demographic characteristics, indications for biopsy, diagnosis of the glomerular diseases, comorbidities, laboratory and biopsy findings of all patients were recorded. The data presented is cross-sectional and includes application data for the biopsy period.Results: Of 3875 patients, 233 patients with MCD (median age 35.0 years) were included in the study, which constitutes 6.0% of the total glomerulonephritis database. Renal biopsy was performed in 196 (84.1%) patients due to nephrotic syndrome. Median serum creatinine was 0.7(0.6-1.0)mg/dl, mean eGFR was 104±33ml/min/1.73m2 and median proteinuria 6000 mg/day. The number of patients under the age of 40 years was 139 (59.7%) (Group A), and the number of patients aged 40 years and over was 94 (40.3%) (Group B). Compared to Group A, global sclerotic glomeruli (24 vs. 43,p<0.001) interstitial inflammation (15 vs. 34,p<0.001), interstitial fibrosis (20 vs. 31,p=0.001, vascular changes (10 vs. 25,p<0.001) and tubular atrophy (18 vs. 30,p<0.001) were found to be significantly higher in Group B. There was no difference in immunofluorescent staining properties between the two groups.Conclusion: Our data are generally compatible with the literature. Chronic histopathological changes were more common in patients aged 40 years and older than younger patients. Studies investigating the effects of these different features on renal survival are needed.