bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary parabens and breast cancer risk: Modification by LINE‐1 and LUMA global DNA methylation, and associations with breast cancer defined by tumor promoter methylation status
Authors: Parada Humberto , Sahrai Leili , Wolff Mary S. , Santella Regina M. , Chen Jia , Neugut Alfred I. , Teitelbaum Susan L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractParabens are a group of alkyl esters of p‐hydroxybenzoic acid added to consumer products to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria and molds. Parabens are hypothesized to increase the risk of breast cancer (BC); however, no study has examined the interactions between parabens, global DNA methylation (DNAm), and BC risk. We examined the modifying effects of DNAm on the associations between parabens and BC, and whether parabens were associated with BC defined by tumor promoter methylation status. Participants included 708 cases and 598 controls from the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project. Methylparaben (MPB), propylparaben, and butylparaben levels were measured in spot urine samples. Global DNAm was measured by analysis of long interspersed elementes‐1 (LINE‐1) and the luminometric methylation assay (LUMA). The promoter methylation status of 13 genes was measured in tumor samples from 509 cases. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between parabens and BC stratified by LINE‐1/LUMA, and between parabens and gene‐specific promoter methylation‐defined BC. Outcome heterogeneity was evaluated using ratios of ORs (RORs). We assessed the joint effects of the multiple parabens using quantile g‐computation. The highest versus lowest tertile of MPB and a one‐quantile increase in all parabens were associated with ORs of 1.46 (95% CI = 0.96–2.23) and 1.32 (95% CI = 1.02–1.71), respectively, among women with hypomethylated LINE‐1. A one‐ln unit increase in MPB was associated with a 25% increase in the odds of hypomethylated (vs. hypermethylated) CCND2 promoter‐defined BC (ROR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.06–1.48), and a one‐quantile increase in all parabens was associated with a 55% increase in the odds of hypomethylated (vs. hypermethylated) CCND2 promoter‐defined BC (ROR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.04–2.32). Exposure to parabens may increase the risk of BC among women with hypomethylated global DNAm and may increase the risk of tumors with gene‐specific hypomethylated promoter regions.
Performance evaluation of a high‐resolution regional model over West Africa for operational use: A case study of August 2017
Authors: Olaniyan Eniola A. , Cafaro Carlo , Ogungbenro Stephen B. , Gbode Imoleayo E. , Ajayi Vincent O. , Oluleye Ayodeji , Adefisan Elijah A. , Schwendike Juliane , Lawal Kamoru A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe frequency of flash floods resulting from heavy rainfall over West Africa has increased in recent years with serious socio‐economic consequences. Therefore, the need to utilize numerical weather prediction models to forecast heavy rainfall events reliably is also rising at many operational meteorological centres in West Africa. This paper evaluates the performance of the Consortium for Small‐scale Modelling (COSMO) model of the German Meteorological Services (DWD) in predicting rainfall over West Africa for high‐impact rainfall events that occurred between 19 and 26 August 2017. The paper aims to investigate the synoptic forcings modulating daily rainfall variability during that period. Results show that COSMO simulates adequately the spatio‐temporal variability of rainfall distribution over West Africa, though with inherent biases. COSMO displays a decreasing skill in producing spatial rainfall distribution as rainfall amounts tend to 30 mm and above. Additionally, areas of heavy rainfall, mostly about 100–300 km southwest of the core of the Africa Easterly Jet (AEJ), often coincide with areas of decreasing mean sea level pressure of at least 0.6 hPa and areas of increasing convective available potential energy of at least 500 J/kg. Although not in all cases, the trough of the Africa Easterly Wave (AEW) is always located to the east of these areas. We show that not every storm, especially east of the prime meridian, is associated with an AEW trough. COSMO is able to reproduce the atmospheric dynamics modulating the daily rainfall variability, in addition to capturing the daily propagation of the AEW trough, and the core of the AEJ. However, the reproducibility skill of the model in predicting atmospheric dynamics may not transform into the predictive skill of the model in producing rainfall. Nevertheless, operational forecasters may be able to determine likely areas of heavy rainfall by estimating the position of the AEJ core based on the position of areas of the least falling pressure from COSMO. Finally, the incorporation of the fractions skill score metric based on the neighbourhood approach could also assist operational forecasters to decide at which scale a severe weather alert can be issued.
An Analysis of Barriers to the Implementation of an ISO Certified Quality Management System for National Meteorological and Hydrological Services in the Anglophone Caribbean
Authors: Mitchell Cécil , Fakhruddin Bapon (SHM) 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAeronautical Meteorological Offices under National Meteorological and Hydrological Service provide critical meteorological, hydrological, ocean and climatological information that sustain air navigation safety, efficiency, and regularity. Thus, to quality assure the information, the International Civil Aviation Organization recommended in 2002 that Aeronautical Meteorological Offices should implement ISO 9001 quality management system, which was subsequently standardized and became effective on 15 November 2012. There has been a slow movement towards adoption due to a number of barriers. In July 2019, 52% of Aeronautical Meteorological Offices commenced transition to the fifth iteration, ISO 9001:2015. A range of studies have investigated the barriers to successful quality management system implementation and certification within various organizations. However, only one study examined the Aeronautical Meteorological Offices and none of them covered the Anglophone Caribbean. Hence, the demography of the sample for this study is unique and this paper will contribute to filling the gaps in the literature. This exploratory study aims to identify the barriers, investigate their impacts, and propose recommendations to assist the Aeronautical Meteorological Offices to fully implement the ISO standard. Trinidad and Tobago Meteorological Service was selected as a case study due to its progress in the quality management system implementation and the scope of its operations. The study used and triangulated data collected from secondary sources (desktop research) and primary sources (survey and interviews). Seventeen barriers were identified and formed the new empirical framework for the Aeronautical Meteorological Offices in the Anglophone Caribbean. Most barriers were in the category of resources. The findings have significant implications for the policymakers, especially executive management, to address the barriers that are risks to sustainable quality management system.
Counting the nodules that count, relationships between seed nitrogen and root nodules
Authors: Zubrod Melinda 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe nodules on the roots of soybeans provide N that the plant uses for growth and development. The goal of this study is to observe if the number of nodules on the taproot, volume of nodules on the taproot, the total number of nodules, or the number of nodules on the secondary roots in the early growth stages of soybeans have a significant correlation with the amount of elemental N in mature seed. The Soybean Nodule Acquisition Pipeline was used to quantify these traits and the mature seed was analyzed to obtain the amount of elemental N. The data set used for this project consisted of six genetically and phenotypically diverse soybean lines from two unique sites in 2018. Strong positive correlations were discovered between the number and volume of nodules on the taproot and the amount of N in mature seed. There was a less significant correlation between total nodule counts and N in mature seeds. There was not a strong significant correlation between nodules on the secondary roots and N in mature seeds.
Design of lightweight damping core for composite sandwich structure
Authors: Sun Zhaoyi , Mei Zhiyuan , Li Yu , Gong Huashuai , Wang Guorong , Wang Qingxin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe damping performance and lightweight design requirements of composite sandwich structure core were studied. A series of low density damping cores were prepared by blending epoxy/polyurethane graft copolymer (E‐g‐U) and epoxy/poly mercaptan block copolymer (E‐b‐M) with different contents of hollow glass beads (HGM). The damping properties, mechanical properties, density, and interface morphology of the core layer were studied. The damping response and flexure properties of the sandwich composite structure were studied by modal analysis and three‐point flexure test. The experimental results show that optimal damping performance of matrix appears at 60% E‐b‐M ratio, the peak loss factor is 0.88, and the damping temperature range covers −2 ~ 52°C. When the HGM content in the core is 10 phr, the density can be comparable to that of the buoyancy material. Under flexural load, the ultimate shear strength and shear modulus of the sandwich structure increase maximum at 15 phr and 10 phr, respectively. Compared with the unfilled HGM sample, the first three modal damping ratios of the sandwich structure are increased by 133.2%, 56.6%, and 56% by 10 phr damping core, respectively. The results are compared with those in other reference. The research shows that the design of lightweight damping core is expected to provide a core material selection for the vibration reduction of sandwich structures.
Examining facilitators and barriers to evidence‐based professional practice by mental health providers in schools
Authors: Flegge Lindsay G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis exploratory study surveyed school mental health providers across the United States to examine their perception of the facilitators and the barriers to evidence‐based professional practice (EBPP) when offering mental health services to students in schools and to identify any group differences of these perceptions. A national sample of school counselors, school psychologists, and social workers (N= 303, 86.5% female) was surveyed using an original questionnaire. Results of the study identified 12 perceived facilitators to EBPP: educational and professional standards, continuing education training, graduate school training, personal theoretical orientation, publications from professional organizations, individual student needs, peer support from coworkers, providing supervision to other professionals, access to research, access to resources to provide specific programs and interventions, student preferences, and use of treatment plans. No perceived barriers to EBPP were identified when looking at the whole sample. However, an examination of specific groups within the study revealed two barriers: use of treatment plans and providing supervision to other professionals. Findings provide an updated understanding of perceived facilitators and barriers to EBPP and set the stage for future interventions targeting these factors. Implications and future research directions are discussed.
Color‐tunable room temperature phosphorescence mediated by host–guest chemistry and stimuli‐responsive polymer matrices
Authors: Wang Jun , Lou Xin‐Yue , Tang Jun , Yang Ying‐Wei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractColor‐tunable room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) luminescent materials with stimuli‐responsive properties are highly desirable for practical applications, but the fundamental design principles still need further exploitation. Herein, we report on the extended red‐shifted multicolor RTP afterglow from blue to orange, including white light, offered by a series of newly designed supramolecular polymers based on 1‐([2‐methylallyl]oxy)pyrene phosphor‐containing guest polymers and β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD)/γ‐CD host molecules. RTP enhancement is efficiently realized, attributing to the strong restriction on the dimeric pyrene units by the host–guest inclusion complexation of CDs and the multiple interactions amongst polymer matrices and phosphorescent moieties. Interestingly, a more comprehensive blue‐shifted color tuning range is also enabled upon introducing pH‐sensitive fragments due to the self‐assembly of the ternary polymers aided by ionic bonding. Notably, optimized intelligent multicolor RTP systems induced by altered external stimuli, including concentration, irradiation, and pH, are established, showing great potential in developing stimuli‐responsive luminescent materials for practical applications. In addition, theoretical calculations are conducted to elucidate diverse emission mechanisms of pyrene units in different assembly states.
Patient adherence to physical activity advice (PAPA) in patients with low back pain: Study protocol for a multicentre randomized controlled trial
Authors: van Koppen Ben , Zandwijk Pim , van Mameren Henk , de Bie Rob 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt seems that nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP) cannot be successfully treated with a single intervention of any kind. However, a positive effect of an active lifestyle including physical activities in NSLBP is reported on pain and disability. Advising regular physical activity is one of the mainstays in physical therapy treatment, appealing to patients' adherence. Many patients with low back pain do not seem to adhere to their physiotherapist's advice. In this study, the influence of social support on adherence to an activity advice will be investigated.ObjectiveObjective of the study is to investigate if patients with low back pain randomised to receive social support adhere better to an activity advice than patients randomised to the control group.MethodsIn a randomized controlled clinical trial, in private physiotherapy practices in the Netherlands, patients ≥18 years presenting with at least a second episode of nonspecific low back pain will be randomized over two groups: activity advice and social support as an add‐on to usual care versus usual care alone. The primary outcome measure is adherence to an activity advice measured by an activity monitor at 1, 6 and 12 weeks. All other objectives will be measured by questionnaires.DiscussionThis project is the first comprehensive research project to assess whether social support influences adherence to an activity advice outside the clinical setting without supervision of a healthcare provider. Where evidence of influence on social support is lacking, findings may have implications for the management of patients with low back pain. In addition, findings may enable physiotherapists to predict in which patients with low back pain an activity advice with social support makes sense.ClinicalTrial.govNCT02996955.
What is liberal about Adam Smith's “liberal plan”?
Authors: Matson Erik W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBy the middle of the eighteenth century the word “liberal” had had multiple non‐political meanings. Adam Smith famously advances “the liberal plan” of political economy. InThe Wealth of Nationshe indicates several ways that his liberal plan is “liberal” in a non‐political sense. The liberal plan leads to economic growth, which leads to a rise in real wages and population through an extending division of labor. The liberal plan facilitates market integration, leading toward a distribution of food supplies that could be called liberal and generous if it was brought about by design of a distributor. The liberal plan entails a generous view of the person that dignifies the mundane and elevates ordinary work. Considering ways that Smith's liberal plan is “liberal” shines light on the soul of classical liberal political economy.
Effectiveness of screening endoscopy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Japanese males
Authors: Nezu Yasuko , Manabe Noriaki , Yoda Yoshioki , Haruma Ken 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has a poor prognosis; therefore, early detection is essential. In Japan, more than 90% of esophageal cancers are ESCC. Endoscopy is effective to detect ESCC in the early stage, but there is a limited number of reports examining its efficacy and effectiveness.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of screening endoscopy for detecting ESCC.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed the prevalence of ESCC, annual transition of prevalence, and the stage of each ESCC among 128,520 medical check‐up patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy from April 2015 to March 2020 at Yamanashi Koseiren Health Care Center. Furthermore, a case‐control study utilized the multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the risk factor of ESCC.ResultsAmong a total of 128,520 subjects, 42 ESCC patients were detected, with 95.2% being diagnosed at early stages. Annual prevalence in males was 0.015% (2/13,122) in 2015, 0.044% (6/13,562) in 2016, 0.044% (6/13,676) in 2017, 0.074% (10/13,488) in 2018%, and 0.11% (16/14,386) in 2019. ESCC prevalence has been increasing each year. A significant increase was observed between 2015 and 2018 (p = 0.039). ESCC prevalence was 0.102% (25/24,272) when focusing on males aged over 50 years with a history of smoking and drinking. Regarding the case‐control study, the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed smoking (p = 0.044), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (p = 0.0018), and severe gastric atrophy (p = 0.048) as positively correlated with ESCC.ConclusionIn conclusion, ESCC has been increasing in our center from 2015 to 2019, and the prevalence has been approaching that of gastric cancer in 2019 in male subjects. ESCC can be detected efficiently by targeting males with high MCV who have a history of drinking and smoking.
Gluonic evanescent operators: classification and one-loop renormalization
Authors: Jin Qingjun , Ren Ke , Yang Gang , Yu Rui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEvanescent operators are a special class of operators that vanish classically in four-dimensional spacetime, while in general dimensions they are non-zero and are expected to have non-trivial physical effects at the quantum loop level in dimensional regularization. In this paper we initiate the study of evanescent operators in pure Yang-Mills theory. We develop a systematic method for classifying and constructing thed-dimensional Lorentz invariant evanescent operators, which start to appear at mass dimension ten. We also compute one-loop form factors for the dimension-ten operators via thed-dimensional unitarity method and obtain their one-loop anomalous dimensions. These operators are necessary ingredients in the study of high dimensional operators in effective field theories involving a Yang-Mills sector.
Impact of Sommerfeld effect and bound state formation in simplified t-channel dark matter models
Authors: Becker Mathias , Copello Emanuele , Harz Julia , Mohan Kirtimaan A. , Sengupta Dipan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The existence of a dark matter model with a rich dark sector could be the reason why WIMP dark matter has evaded its detection so far. For instance, colored coannihilation naturally leads to the prediction of heavier dark matter masses. Importantly, in such a scenario the Sommerfeld effect and bound state formation must be considered in order to accurately predict the relic abundance. Based on the example of the currently widely studied t-channel simplified model with a colored mediator, we demonstrate the importance of considering these non-perturbative effects for correctly inferring the viable model parameters. We emphasize that a flat correction factor on the relic abundance is not sufficient in this context. Moreover, we find that parameter space thought to be excluded by direct detection experiments and LHC searches remains still viable. Additionally, we illustrate that long-lived particle searches and bound-state searches at the LHC can play a crucial role in probing such a model. We demonstrate how future direct detection experiments will be able to close almost all of the remaining window for freeze-out production, making it a highly testable scenario.
Tensor network approach to electromagnetic duality in (3+1)d topological gauge models
Authors: Delcamp Clement 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Given the Hamiltonian realisation of a topological (3+1)d gauge theory with finite group G, we consider a family of tensor network representations of its ground state subspace. This family is indexed by gapped boundary conditions encoded into module 2-categories over the input spherical fusion 2-category. Individual tensors are characterised by symmetry conditions with respect to non-local operators acting on entanglement degrees of freedom. In the case of Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions, we show that the symmetry operators form the fusion 2-categories 2VecG of G-graded 2-vector spaces and 2Rep(G) of 2-representations of G, respectively. In virtue of the Morita equivalence between 2VecG and 2Rep(G) — which we explicitly establish — the topological order can be realised as the Drinfel’d centre of either 2-category of operators; this is a realisation of the electromagnetic duality of the theory. Specialising to the case G = ℤ2, we recover tensor network representations that were recently introduced, as well as the relation between the electromagnetic duality of a pure ℤ2 gauge theory and the Kramers-Wannier duality of a boundary Ising model.
New Constructions of Exceptional Simple Lie Superalgebras with Integer Cartan Matrix in Characteristics 3 and 5 via Tensor Categories
Authors: Kannan Arun S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUsing tensor categories, we present new constructions of several of the exceptional simple Lie superalgebras with integer Cartan matrix in characteristic p = 3 and p = 5 from the complete classification of modular Lie superalgebras with indecomposable Cartan matrix and their simple subquotients over algebraically closed fields by Bouarroudj, Grozman, and Leites in 2009. Specifically, let αp denote the kernel of the Frobenius endomorphism on the additive group scheme $\mathbb {G}_{a}$

G

a

over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p. The Verlinde category Verp is the semisimplification of the representation category Repαp, and Verp contains the category of super vector spaces as a full subcategory. Each exceptional Lie superalgebra we construct is realized as the image of an exceptional Lie algebra equipped with a nilpotent derivation of order at most p under the semisimplification functor from Repαp to Verp.