bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IL-37 alleviates Coxsackievirus B3-induced viral myocarditis: possible relationship with inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and NF-κB, and increasing IL-37-IL-1R8-IL-18RA complex
Authors: Sun Lin , Yuan Haitao , Zhao Gang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
IL-37 is identified as a novel anti-inflammatory cytokine, which has been shown to alleviate several autoimmune diseases. Our study aims to verify the potential effects and underlying mechanisms of IL-37 in Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced viral myocarditis (VMC). We established the VMC model by intraperitoneal injection of CVB3 on day 0. IL-37 was injected on day 4 and day 7. The cardiac function was evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography on day 9. Myocardial injury was measured by Elisa for serum cTnI. The inflammation infiltration and fibrosis were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Masson staining. The expression levels of NLRP3, ASC dimer, cleaved caspase 1, IL-1β, IL-18, and Gasdermin D (GSDMD) were determined by western blot, Elisa, and immunofluorescent analysis. Compared with the VMC group, mice received CVB3 and IL-37 have improved cardiac function and reduced inflammation infiltration and fibrosis. Compared with the VMC group, we observed lower expression of cTnI, IL-1β, IL-18 and NLRP3 inflammasome component in mice received CVB3 and IL-37 by Elisa and western blot. And IL-37 treatment notably weakened the upregulation of GSDMD induced by CVB3. And IL-37 significantly weakened the up-regulation and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 induced by CVB3. We also found that exogenous addition of IL-37 further increases the production of IL-37-IL-1R8 -IL-18RA complex on the basis of CVB3 in vitro. Our findings indicate that IL-37 alleviates CVB3-induced VMC, which may be produced by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis, NF-κB signaling pathway, and IL-37-IL-1R8 -IL-18RA complex.
Mendelian randomization research investigated the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the risk of myocardial infarction
Authors: Liu Meijia , Sun Xueqing , Li Longbo , Wang Guan , Shi Yongfeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Observational research has shown inconclusively that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and myocardial infarction (MI) are related. The relationship between NAFLD and MI is yet unclear. We used the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to examine the causal relationship between NAFLD and MI.
Method
Genetics tools were used in the study and were derived from publicly available genetic summary data from meta-analyses. There is a strong association between NAFLD and five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). MR analyses were conducted using the inverse variance weighted technique, weighted median method, MR-Egger regression, MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum, and Outlier test.
Results
Inverse variance weighted (OR = 1.01, 95 percent confidence interval (CI) = 0.86–1.75, p = 0.94), MR-Egger regression (OR = 0.77, 95 percent CI = 0.66–0.90, p = 0.084), and weighted median method (OR = 0.95, 95 percent CI = 0.91-1.00, p = 0.068) analyses failed to provide any direct evidence that NAFLD increases the risk of MI.
Conclusions
The thorough MR study revealed that there might not be a causal association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the risk of myocardial infarction.
Forecasting Deterioration of Mental Health during COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown - Examples from NepalJyoti U. Devkota 1, 1Department of Mathematics, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal, e-mail : drjdevkota@ku.edu.npORCID ID: 0000-0001-5293-1753
Authors: Devkota Jyoti U. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Here, mental health during COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown is studied. Multivariate statistics techniques namely, Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used. This study is based on a primary data. This data has information on 38 variables related to mental health. Some of the variables used in SEM are, Worry about food, Eat limited variety of food, Eat food that you did not want to eat, Eat smaller meal, Eat fewer meal, No food to eat of any kind, Affected my routine, Limited my social life, Reduced my travelling, Increased my household food consumption, Increased food shortage, Disturbed my sleeping pattern, Increased financial uncertainty, Decreased earning and income, Had fears of losing my job, Depressed due to uncertainty, Anxious due to uncertainty, Afraid of getting COVID-19, Afraid of losing my life and my relatives life, New and Media increased my tension, I am afraid of COVID outbreak and Stress level and anxiety level increased. Here three models were tested. The best model gave top values in terms of model efficiency parameters. This model is also represented with the help of path diagram. CCA predicted the relationship between the two groups of variables. These two groups are Cause and Effect of Deterioration in Mental Health. In SEM and CCA, model validation was done by drawing random samples of size 400.
DTL is a novel downstream gene of E2F1 and promotes the progress of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Dong Ruiqiang , Zhang Danhua , Han Baowei , Xu Lingxue , Zhang Danfeng , Cheng Zhenguo , Qiu Xinguang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world and accounts for approximately 90% of primary liver cancer. Recently, denticleless E3 ubiquitin protein ligase homolog (DTL) exhibited increasing expression in several cancers, while its function and regulatory mechanism is still unclear. By bioinformatics analysis, this study demonstrated the elevated mRNA expression of DTL complex including DTL, CUL4B (Cullin 4B) and DDB1 (Damage Specific DNA Binding Protein 1) were associated with the overall survival of HCC patients. Subsequently data showed DTL protein was also elevated in HCC tissues, patients with high expression and nucleus location had poor prognosis. Knocking-down DTL significantly inhibited the cancer proliferation, migration and invasion. Further experiments revealed E2F1 (E2F Transcription Factor 1) is an upstream regulatory molecule of DTL, which could bind to DTL promoter and promoted DTL expression. E2F1-DTL signaling axis promoted the growth, migration and invasion of HCC cells. Totally, this study not only enriches the regulatory mechanism of E2F1 and DTL, but also provides a new theoretical basis and potential biological target for the treatment of liver cancer in the future.
Severe macular complications in glaucoma: high-resolution multimodal imaging characteristics and review of the literature
Authors: Lama Hugo , Pâques Michel , Brasnu Emmanuelle , Vu Jade , Chaumette Céline , Dupas Bénédicte , Fardeau Christine , Chehaibou Ismaël , Rouland Jean-François , Besombes Guillaume , LABETOULLE Marc , Labbé Antoine , Rousseau Antoine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To describe imaging characteristics of severe macular complications occurring in glaucoma and discuss available treatments.Methods: Retrospective case series of glaucomatous patients with macular retinoschisis (MR) and/or serous retinal detachment (SRD). Patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination and multimodal imaging including retinography, SD-OCT, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography (FA & ICGA) and adaptive optics (AO). Results: Ten eyes (8 patients) were included. Initial BCVA was 1.04 ± 1.12 logMAR and IOP was 24.0 ± 9.3mmHg. All eyes presented with MR while SRD was present in 5 eyes (5 patients), with a central macular thickness of 573 ± 152mm. FA and ICGA allowed to exclude leakage in all cases. A focal lamina cribrosa defect (LCD) was found in four eyes (4 patients) using OCT, with AO providing en-face visualization of the defect in one eye. Outer retinal hole was present in 3 eyes (3 patients). No visual improvement or resolution of the macular retinoschisis was observed in eyes with medical or surgical IOP control (N = 9). Vitrectomy with internal membrane limiting peeling and gas tamponade was performed in one eye with good visual results. Conclusions: Multimodal high-resolution imaging is essential to diagnose severe macular complications associated with advanced glaucoma.
Regional infrastructure effects on the life satisfaction of rural and urban residents. A case study for Ecuador
Authors: Guevara-Rosero Grace Carolina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In developing countries, many households lack basic household services and the provision of utility infrastructure is uneven across regions, leaving lagged regions behind. This lack of infrastructure in specific places can affect the welfare of its inhabitants. This paper aims to measure the influence of household basic services and sub-national infrastructure activities on the individual subjective wellbeing in Ecuador. To determine how important the geographical context is for individual welfare, a hierarchical ordered logistic multilevel model is conducted. The results show that the individual heterogeneity is explained in 7% by the variation across cantons. There are 52 cantons which are above the average life satisfaction and 43 cantons below it. Findings regarding infrastructure evidence that sub-national utility projects and road infrastructure have a positive significant effect on the life satisfaction of rural residents whereas it is not significant for urban residents, indicating diminishing marginal utility of urban people. Once a satiation point is achieved, marginal utility increases are lower. As for household services, access to internet has a higher positive welfare effect than access to sewerage and access to water via pipelines.JEL codes: R28, D60, O18
Model Mental Konseptual Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama dalam Memahami Konsep Faktor Prima
Authors: Sukiyanto Sukiyanto , Syamsulrizal Syamsulrizal , Anggreini Dewi 
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to identify students' conceptual mental models in understanding the concept of prime factors. This study uses a qualitative and descriptive approach, using subjective analysis. Subjects in this study amounted to 71 students in class VII. The research instrument used is a test consisting of two questions. At the same time, the data collection techniques use interviews. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that as many as subjects were included in the conceptual mental model. Furthermore, from the research results, it can be seen that students' conceptual mental models in understanding prime factors of a number, namely, students can use factor trees and understand prime numbers. This is supported by the results of interviews with three subjects stating that students can prove that 5 and 3 are prime factors of N while 15 and 45 are not prime factors of N; this is because 3 and 5 are prime numbers while 15 and 45 are not numbers. Primes In addition, students can prove that is the prime factorization of M.
UV/Vis single-crystal spectroscopic investigation of almandine-pyrope and almandinespessartine solid solutions: Part I. Spin-forbidden Fe2+,3+ and Mn2+ electronic-transition energies, crystal chemistry, and bonding behavior
Authors: Geiger Charles A. , Taran Michail N. , Rossman George R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAluminosilicate garnet is an excellent phase to research solid-solution behavior in silicates. Natural almandine-pyrope, {Fe3x2+,Mg3–3x}[Al2](Si3)O12, and almandine-spessartine, {Fe3x2+,Mn3−3x2+}[Al2](Si3)O12, crystals were measured by UV/Vis/NIR (~29 000 to 10 000 cm–1) optical absorption spectroscopy using a microscope. The spectra and changes in energy of several Fe2+ and Mn2+ spin-forbidden electronic transitions of different wavenumber were analyzed as a function of garnet composition across both binaries. The spectra of Alm-Pyp garnets are complex and show several Fe2+ and Fe3+ transitions manifested as overlapping absorption bands whose intensities depend on composition. There are differences in energy behavior for the various electronic transitions, whereby lower wavenumber Fe2+ transitions decrease slightly in energy with increasing pyrope component and those of higher wavenumber increase. The spectra of Alm-Sps solid solutions show both Fe2+ and Mn2+ spin-forbidden bands depending upon the garnet composition. The variations in energy of the different wavenumber Fe2+ transitions are unlike those observed in Alm-Pyp garnets. The three lowest wavenumber electronic transitions appear to vary the most in energy across the Alm-Sps join compared to those at higher wavenumber. Four narrow and relatively intense Mn2+ spin-forbidden bands between 23 000 and 25 000 cm–1 can be observed in many Sps-Alm garnets. Their transition energies may increase or decrease across the join, but scatter in the data prohibits an unequivocal determination. A consistent crystal-chemical model and Fe2+-O bond behavior, based on published diffraction and spectroscopic results, can be constructed for the Alm-Pyp binary but not for the Alm-Sps system. The spectra of the former garnets often show the presence of high-wavenumber spin-forbidden bands that can be assigned to electronic transitions of Fe3+ occurring at the octahedral site. The most prominent band lies between 27 100 and 27 500 cm–1 depending on the garnet composition. Fe3+-O2– bonding is analyzed using Racah parameters. State-of-the-art electronic structure calculations are needed to understand the precise physical nature of the electronic transitions in garnet and to interpret better UV/Vis/NIR spectra.
Experimental constraints on miscibility gap between apatite and britholite and REE partitioning in an alkaline melt
Authors: Stepanov Aleksandr S. , Zhukova Irina A. , Jiang Shao-Yong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Apatite containing 14 wt% TREO (total rare earth oxide) and coexisting with calciobritholite with 37.2 wt% TREO has been synthesized at 800 °C and 10 kbar from a felsic melt with the addition of NaCl. The analysis of the experimental products with regression analysis of time-resolved (RATR) laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) data allowed to estimate the composition of the coexisting phases. The results suggest that equilibrium has been established during the run and both apatite and calciobritholite contained REE in [Si4+REE3+] to [Ca2+P5+] solid solution, whereas the coupled substitution [Na1+REE3+] to [2Ca2+] was insignificant despite crystallization from an alkaline, Na-rich melt. The coexistence of the apatite and calciobritholite and available experimental data allowed the miscibility gap to be constrained between apatite and calciobritholite, and suggest complete miscibility between apatite and britholite above 950 °C. The melt that produced coexisting apatite and calciobritholite was characterized by a significant Cl content of (0.51 wt%) and elevated REE (526 ± 19 ppm Ce) and low-P content (112 ± 49 ppm). The change of the accessory mineral association from monazite to apatite and calciobritholite with the addition of NaCl illustrates the importance of halogens for mineral associations. The partition coefficients of britholite are similar to those of apatite and are distinguished mainly by a higher preference for REE and Th. Henry’s law was not acting for the total REE content in the melt because of the buffered system; however the partition coefficients could still be used for the prediction of the relative REE patterns for melts that generated high-REE apatite and/or calciobritholite. These results have implications for the interpretation of the phosphate associations in alkaline volcanic and plutonic rocks.
Public Health Information Seeking, Trust, and COVID-19 Prevention Behaviors: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Tetteh Emmanuel Kwabena , Combs Todd , Geng Elvin Hsing , McKay Virginia Ruth 
Published: August 2022

Background
Preventative health measures such as shelter in place and mask wearing have been widely encouraged to curb the spread of the COVID-19 disease. People’s attitudes toward preventative behaviors may be dependent on their sources of information and trust in the information.

Objective
The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between trusting in COVID-19 information and preventative behaviors in a racially and politically diverse metropolitan area in the United States.

Methods
We conducted a web-based cross-sectional survey of residents in St. Louis City and County in Missouri. Individuals aged ≥18 years were eligible to participate. Participants were recruited using a convenience sampling approach through social media and email. The Health Belief Model and the Socioecological Model informed instrument development, as well as COVID-19–related questions from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We performed an ordinary least squares linear regression model to estimate social distancing practices, perceptions, and trust in COVID-19 information sources.

Results
Of the 1650 eligible participants, the majority (n=1381, 83.7%) had sought or received COVID-19–related information from a public health agency, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or both. Regression analysis showed a 1% increase in preventative behaviors for every 12% increase in trust in governmental health agencies. At their lowest levels of trust, women were 68% more likely to engage in preventative behaviors than men. Overall, those aged 18-45 years without vulnerable medical conditions were the least likely to engage in preventative behaviors.

Conclusions
Trust in COVID-19 information increases an individual’s likelihood of practicing preventative behaviors. Effective health communication strategies should be used to effectively disseminate health information during disease outbreaks.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Online Purchase of HIV Self-testing Kits in China, 2015-2017: Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Lv Yi , Zhu Qiyu , Xu Chengdong , Zhang Guanbin , Jiang Yan , Han Mengjie , Jin Cong 
Published: August 2022

Background
Since the introduction of HIV self-testing by UNAIDS in 2014, the practice has been extensively implemented around the world. HIV self-testing (HIVST) was developed in China around 2015, and the online purchase of HIVST kits through e-commerce platforms has since become the most important delivery method for self-testing, with advantages such as user-friendliness, speed, and better privacy protection.

Objective
Understanding the spatiotemporal characteristics of online HIVST kit purchasing behavior and identifying potential impacting factors will help promote the HIV self-testing strategy.

Methods
The online retail data of HIVST kits from the 2 largest e-commerce platforms in China from 2015 to 2017 were collected for this study. The Bayesian spatiotemporal hierarchical model was used to investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of online purchased HIVST kits. Ordinary least squares regression was used to identify potential factors associated with online purchase, including GDP per capita, population density, road density, HIV screening laboratory density, and newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases per 100,000 persons. The q statistics calculated by Geodetector were used to determine the interactive effect of every 2 factors on the online purchase.

Results
The online purchase of HIVST kits increased rapidly in China from 2015 to 2017, with annual peak sales in May and December. Five economically superior regions in China, Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta, Chengdu and surrounding areas, Beijing and Tianjin areas, and Shandong Peninsula, showed a comparatively higher spatial preference for online purchased HIVST kits. The GDP per capita (P<.001) and the rate of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases per 100,000 persons (P<.001) were identified as 2 factors positively associated with online purchase. Among the factors we investigated in this study, 2 factors associated with online purchase, GDP per capita and the rate of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases per 100,000 persons, also displayed the strongest interactive effect, with a q value of 0.66.

Conclusions
Individuals in better-off areas are more inclined to purchase HIVST kits online. In addition to economic status, the severity of the HIV epidemic is also a factor influencing the online purchase of HIVST kits.
Implementación de producción más limpia en una fábrica de dulces de guayaba en Baños de Agua Santa, Ecuador
Authors: Chávez-Sánchez Heidi , Grefa-Alvarado Estalin Luis , Villarroel-Núñez Alex Fernando , Sarduy-Pereira Liliana Bárbara , Diéguez-Santana Karel 
Published: August 2022

La elaboración de jugos y conservas de frutas desempeña un rol importante en la economía nacional. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la viabilidad de la implementación de estrategias de producción más limpia (PML) en una fábrica de dulce de guayaba. Se realizó un diagnóstico inicial in situ de las condiciones del proceso. Se cuantificaron entradas y salidas del proceso de elaboración y se propusieron tres opciones de PML para ser evaluadas. La generación de residuos orgánicos y el elevado consumo de agua fueron los principales problemas detectados en el diagnóstico. Las alternativas de PML consideradas fueron la elaboración de harina de semillas de guayaba, recuperación del agua de las calderas y reúso del agua de lavado. Según los resultados de la viabilidad técnica económica y ambiental realizada, estas opciones de PML presentan resultados positivos pues la relación beneficio/costo se incrementa a 1,65 (1,63 sin PML). Además, se podría reducir el consumo de agua, la generación de residuos sólidos y las emisiones de CO2 en un 80 %, 85 % y 48,3 %, respectivamente. Este estudio muestra que las estrategias de PML son opciones viables y pueden mejorar el comportamiento ambiental de pequeñas y medianas empresas alimentarias.
The Urgency of Integrating English Learning Process with ICT in Junior High School 2013 Curriculum
Authors: Karenina Anna , Anjarwati Dhini , R Dita Safira A 
Published: August 2022

Curriculum is the important part of education that support the teachers to deliver subject well. In Indonesian curriculum, English is one of subject which includes in foundation type. English takes crucial material because it is international language which has many uses in this day and age. In the other hand, teaching English is not easy. It can be seen from many problems faced by our English education. However, teachers should need assistance to support effective teaching and learning process. In this global era, ICT has become integral to the teaching-learning interaction. The purpose of this paper is to examine how important the application of ICT for optimizing the realization of the current English curriculum. The researchers choose a qualitative research with literature type and a descriptive analytical approach. The data collection method used is the study of documents or literature. The result of this research is to know the urgency of ICT in English learning. That is, whether ICT has a large enough influence to optimize English learning as conceptualized by the curriculum or, on the contrary, the integration between ICT and English learning is basically not really necessary.