bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nationwide retrospective observational study of idiopathic dendriform pulmonary ossification: clinical features with a progressive phenotype
Authors: Nishioka Yasuhiko , Toyoda Yuko , Egashira Ryoko , Johkoh Takeshi , Terasaki Yasuhiro , Hebisawa Akira , Abe Kinya , Baba Tomohisa , Fujikura Yuji , Fujita Etsuo , Hamada Naoki , Handa Tomohiro , Hasegawa Yoshinori , Hidaka Koko , Hisada Takeshi , Hisata Shu , Honjo Chisato , Ichikado Kazuya , Inoue Yoshikazu , Izumi Shinyu , Kato Motoyasu , Kishimoto Takumi , Okamoto Masaki , Miki Keisuke , Mineshita Masamichi , Nakamura Yutaro , Sakamoto Susumu , Sano Masaaki , Tsukada Yoshikazu , Yamasue Mari , Bando Yoshimi , Homma Sakae , Hagiwara Koichi , Suda Takafumi , Inase Naohiko 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundDiffuse pulmonary ossification is a specific lung condition that is accompanied by underlying diseases. However, idiopathic dendriform pulmonary ossification (IDPO) is extremely rare, and the clinical features remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to report the clinical characteristics of IDPO.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide survey of patients with IDPO from 2017 to 2019 in Japan and evaluated the clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings of patients diagnosed with IDPO.ResultsTwenty-two cases of IDPO were identified. Most subjects (82%) were male, aged 22–56 years (mean (SD), 37.9 (9.1)) at diagnosis. Nearly 80% of the subjects were asymptomatic, and the condition was discovered during a medical check-up. However, 36% of the subjects showed a decline in forced vital capacity (%FVC) predicted <80% at diagnosis. The typical radiological features of high-resolution CT (HRCT) are calcified branching structures that are predominantly distributed in the lower lung fields without any other conspicuous finding. Histopathological analysis also showed dendriform ossified lesions from the intraluminal areas to interstitial areas. Notably, during the follow-up period of 20 years, disease progression was found in 88% on HRCT and more than 50% on pulmonary function tests (FVC and/or forced expiratory volume in 1 s). Two cases with rapid decline of 10% /year in %FVC predicted were observed.)) at diagnosis. Nearly 80% of the subjects were asymptomatic, and the condition was discovered during a medical check-up. However, 36% of the subjects showed a decline in forced vital capacity (%FVC) predicted <80% at diagnosis. The typical radiological features of high-resolution CT (HRCT) are calcified branching structures that are predominantly distributed in the lower lung fields without any other conspicuous finding. Histopathological analysis also showed dendriform ossified lesions from the intraluminal areas to interstitial areas. Notably, during the follow-up period of 20 years, disease progression was found in 88% on HRCT and more than 50% on pulmonary function tests (FVC and/or forced expiratory volume in 1 s). Two cases with rapid decline of 10% /year in %FVC predicted were observed.ConclusionsIDPO develops at a young age with gradually progressive phenotype. Further research and long-term (>20 years) follow-up are required to clarify the pathogenesis and clinical findings in IDPO.
Persistent Wet and Dry Spells of Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall: A Reexamination of Definitions of “Active” and “Break” Events
Authors: Saha Prolay , Mahanta Rahul , Rajesh P. V. , Goswami B. N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Persisting wet events (PWEs) and persisting dry events (PDEs) over central India (CI), defined by rain spells lasting for 5 days or more above and below climatology, respectively, represent an important component of the Indian summer monsoon’s intraseasonal variability. However, half of such PREs and PDEs that do not overlap with conventionally defined “active” and “break” spells over CI while contributing about 20% to the seasonal mean remained poorly studied. Here we find that, in contrast to more abundant longer (>5 days) wet and dry spells over the CI, the intraseasonal rainfall variability over northeast India (NEI) is characterized by higher abundance of intense shorter spells (<5 days). Physically, the difference is linked to the fact that monsoon intraseasonal oscillations with a 30–60-day time scale dominate subseasonal variability over the CI, whereas the 10–20-day quasi-biweekly mode dominates subseasonal variability over NEI. While non-overlapping PDEs are associated with large-scale but lower-intensity breaks, non-overlapping PWEs are associated with synoptic events with relatively smaller spatial scales rather than large-scale active events. Here, a percentile-based definition of active and break spells as daily rainfall in excess of the 90th percentile and below the 30th percentile, respectively, persisting for more than 3 days is proposed; this encompasses almost all non-overlapping PWEs and PDEs and is expected to be more useful to the users. Contributions of the subseasonal fluctuations to the seasonal mean and their association with predictable drivers indicate that the seasonal mean rainfall over the NEI is significantly less predictable than that over the CI.

Significance Statement
Farmers eagerly await the extended range projections of “wet” and “dry” phases of Indian monsoon intraseasonal variability for planting, harvesting, and water resource management. The prevailing definitions for “active” and “break” spells, however, ignored the less intense persisting wet or dry events that contribute roughly equally to the seasonal mean rainfall. To facilitate the process, a new percentile-based definition of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall’s intraseasonal spells is proposed that includes nearly all non-overlapping PWEs and PDEs. The subseasonal fluctuations’ contributions to the seasonal mean and its association with predictable drivers suggest that the seasonal mean rainfall over the NEI is much less predictable than that over the CI, and thus illustrates the contrasting features of spells within these two regions.
Intrinsic Risk Factors for First-Time Noncontact ACL Injury: A Prospective Study of College and High School Athletes
Authors: Beynnon Bruce D. , Tourville Timothy W. , Hollenbach Helen C. , Shultz Sandy , Vacek Pamela 
Published: September 2022

Background: A comprehensive understanding of the intrinsic risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) disruption is important for identifying individuals at increased risk for suffering this trauma and developing interventions to mitigate risk. Hypothesis: A variety of risk factors predispose athletes to first-time, noncontact ACL injury and some of these differ between male and female athletes. Study Design: Prospective cohort study with nested case-control sampling. Level of Evidence: Level 2. Methods: Sport teams at 28 high schools and 8 colleges were monitored prospectively over 4 years, and 109 of 130 athletes who suffered their first noncontact ACL injury participated in the study. At the time of injury, matched control subjects were randomly selected from among the case’s teammates and a total of 227 athletes participated. Demographic characteristics, joint laxity, lower extremity alignment, strength, and personality characteristics were measured. The association of each risk factor with injury risk was assessed by conditional logistic regression. Results: The risk factors that were associated with ACL injury in both male and female athletes included having a parent with prior ACL injury and increases of the following variables: body weight, anterior displacement of the tibia relative to the femur, genu recurvatum, and generalized joint laxity. Risk factors that are unique to female athletes included increased body mass index, increased trunk flexion strength, and prior non-ACL knee injury. The risk factors specific to male athletes were decreased standing quadriceps angle, decreased hip adduction strength, and chronic disease. Conclusion: A diverse set of risk factors predispose both male and female athletes to ACL injury, whereas others appear to be sex-specific. Clinical Relevance: Different approaches for assessing risk and preventing ACL injury are needed for male and female athletes. In addition, personalized prevention strategies may be needed to target the specific characteristics that place an individual at increased risk of suffering this trauma.
Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Prediction Nomogram for Primary Spinal Osteosarcoma: A Large-Cohort Retrospective Study
Authors: Huang Zhangheng , Huang Chao , Wang Yu , Wu Ye , Guo Chuan , Li Weilong , Kong Qingquan 
Published: September 2022

Study Design Retrospective cohort study Objectives The goal of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of patients with primary spinal osteosarcoma and to construct a practical clinical prediction model for patients to achieve an accurate prediction of overall survival. Methods This study included 230 patients diagnosed between 2004-2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Independent risk factors were screened in the training set using Cox regression algorithms, and a prognostic model was developed. Internal and external validation sets were used to test the nomogram model's calibration, discrimination, and clinical utility. A risk classification system based on the nomogram was developed and validated. Results Four independent prognostic factors were identified, and based on this a nomogram model was developed for predicting patient prognosis. The C-index of the training set was .737, while that of the validation set was .693. The time-varying area under the curve values was greater than .720 in both cohorts. The calibration curves proved that the prediction model has high prediction accuracy. The decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram is clinically useful. A risk classification system was established, which allows all patients to be divided into two different risk groups. Conclusions A nomogram and risk classification system was developed for patients with primary spinal osteosarcoma to accurately predict overall patient survival and achieve risk stratification of patient mortality. These tools are expected to play an important role in clinical practice, informing clinicians in making decisions.
Comparative physiological and coexpression network analyses reveal the potential drought tolerance mechanism of peanut
Authors: Ren Jingyao , Guo Pei , Zhang He , Shi Xiaolong , Ai Xin , Wang Jing , Jiang Chunji , Zhao Xinhua , Liu Xibo , Yu Haiqiu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Drought stress has negative effects on plant growth and productivity. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of physiological responses and gene expression was performed. The responses and expressions were compared between drought-tolerant (DT) and drought-sensitive (DS) peanut varieties to investigate the regulatory mechanisms and hub genes involved in the impact of drought stress on culture.

Results
The drought-tolerant variety had robust antioxidative capacities with higher total antioxidant capacity and flavonoid contents, and it enhanced osmotic adjustment substance accumulation to adapt to drought conditions. KEGG analysis of differentially expressed genes demonstrated that photosynthesis was strongly affected by drought stress, especially in the drought-sensitive variety, which was consistent with the more severe suppression of photosynthesis. The hub genes in the key modules related to the drought response, including genes encoding protein kinase, E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, potassium transporter, pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein, and aspartic proteinase, were identified through a comprehensive combined analysis of genes and physiological traits using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. There were notably differentially expressed genes between the two varieties, suggesting the positive roles of these genes in peanut drought tolerance.

Conclusion
A comprehensive analysis of physiological traits and relevant genes was conducted on peanuts with different drought tolerances. The findings revealed diverse drought-response mechanisms and identified candidate genes for further research.
Prospective sampling bias in COVID-19 recruitment methods: experimental evidence from a national randomized survey testing recruitment materials
Authors: Kennedy Eric B. , Charifson Mia , Jehn Megan , Jensen Eric A. , Vikse Jenna 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, social science research has required recruiting many prospective participants. Many researchers have explicitly taken advantage of widespread public interest in COVID-19 to advertise their studies. Leveraging this interest, however, risks creating unrepresentative samples due to differential interest in the topic. In this study, we investigate the design of survey recruitment materials with respect to the views of resultant participants.

Methods
Within a pan-Canadian survey (stratified random mail sampling, n = 1969), the design of recruitment invitations to prospective respondents was experimentally varied, with some prospective respondents receiving COVID-specific recruitment messages and others receiving more general recruitment messages (described as research about health and health policy). All respondents participated, however, in the same survey, allowing comparison of both demographic and attitudinal features between these groups.

Results
Respondents recruited via COVID-19 specific postcards were more likely to agree that COVID-19 is serious and believe that they were likely to contract COVID-19 compared to non-COVID respondents (odds = 0.71, p = 0.04; odds = 0.74, p = 0.03 respectively; comparing health to COVID-19 framed respondents). COVID-19 specific respondents were more likely to disagree that the COVID-19 threat was exaggerated compared to the non-COVID survey respondents (odds = 1.44, p = 0.02).

Conclusions
COVID-19 recruitment framing garnered a higher response rate, as well as a sample with greater concern about coronavirus risks and impacts than respondents who received more neutrally framed recruitment materials.
Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on maternal psychological status, the couple’s relationship and mother-child interaction: a prospective study
Authors: Viaux-Savelon Sylvie , Maurice Paul , Rousseau Alexandra , Leclere Chloe , Renout Manon , Berlingo Laura , Cohen David , Jouannic Jean-Marie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
To compare the rate of postpartum depression (PPD) during the first COVID-19 lockdown with the rate observed prior to the pandemic, and to examine factors associated with PPD.

Methods
This was a prospective study. Women who gave birth during the first COVID-19 lockdown (spring 2020) were offered call-interviews at 10 days and 6–8 weeks postpartum to assess PPD using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Post-traumatic symptoms (Perinatal Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Questionnaire, PPQ), couple adjustment, and interaction and mother-to-infant bonding were also evaluated. The observed PPD rate was compared to the one reported before the pandemic. Factors associated with an increased risk of PPD were studied. The main outcome measures were comparison of the observed PPD rate (EPDS score > 12) to pre-pandemic rate.

Results
Of the 164 women included, 27 (16.5% [95%CI: 11.14–23.04]) presented an EPDS score > 12 either at 10 days or 6–8 weeks postpartum. This rate was similar to the one of 15% reported prior to the pandemic (p = 0.6). Combined EPDS> 12 or PPQ > 6 scores were observed in 20.7% of the mothers [95%CI: 14.8–0.28]. Maternal hypertension/preeclampsia (p = 0.007), emergency cesarean section (p = 0.03), and neonatal complications (p = 0.008) were significantly associated with an EPDS> 12 both in univariate and multivariate analysis (OR = 10 [95%CI: 1.5–68.7], OR = 4.09[95%CI: 1.2–14], OR = 4.02[95%CI: 1.4–11.6], respectively).

Conclusions
The rate of major PPD in our population did not increase during the first lockdown period. However, 20.7% of the women presented with post-traumatic/depressive symptoms.

Trial registration
NCT04366817.
New pathogenic variants of ALMS1 gene in two Chinese families with Alström Syndrome
Authors: Cheng Wan-Yu , Ma Mei-Jiao , Yuan Shi-Qin , Qi Xiao-long , Rong Wei-Ning , Sheng Xun-Lun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Alström Syndrome (AS) is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease with the characteristics of multiorgan dysfunction. Due to the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations of AS, genetic testing is crucial for the diagnosis of AS. Herein, we used whole-exome sequencing (WES) to determine the genetic causes and characterize the clinical features of three affected patients in two Chinese families with Alström Syndrome.

Materials and methods
Three affected patients (initially diagnosed as achromatopsia). and five asymptomatic members were recruited for both genetic and clinical tests. The complete ophthalmic examinations and systemic examinations were performed on all participants. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed for mutation detection. The silico analysis was also applied to predict the pathogenesis of identified pathogenic variants.

Results
In family 1, the proband showed low vision, hyperopia, photophobia, nystagmus, and total color blindness. DNA analysis revealed that she carried a compound heterozygote with two novel pathogenic variants in the ALMS1 gene NM_015120.4:c.10379del (NP_055935.4:p.(Asp2252Tyr)) and NM_015120.4:c.11641_11642del (NP_055935.4:p.(Val3881ThrfsTer11)). Further systemic examinations showed short stature, acanthosis nigricans, and sensorineural hearing loss. In family 2, two affected siblings presented the low vision, hyperopia, photophobia, nystagmus, and total color blindness. DNA analysis revealed that they carried a same compound heterozygote with two novel pathogenic variants in the ALMS1 gene NM_015120.4:c.10379del (NP_055935.4:p.(Asn3460IlefsTer49)), NM_015120.4:c.10819C > T (NP_055935.4:p.(Arg3607Trp)). Further systemic examinations showed obesity and mild abnormalities of lipid metabolism. According to the genetic testing results and further systemic analysis, the three affected patients were finally diagnosed as Alström Syndrome (AS).

Conclusions
We found two new compound heterozygous pathogenic variants of the ALMS1 gene and determined the diagnosis as Alström Syndrome in three patients of two Chinese families. Our study extends the genotypic and phenotypic spectrums for ALMS1 -AS and emphasizes the importance of gene testing in assisting the clinical diagnosis for cases with phenotypic diversities, which would help the AS patients with early diagnosis and treatment to reduce future systemic damage.
Pathogenicity and vaccine efficacy of two virulent infectious laryngotracheitis virus strains in Egypt
Authors: El-Saied Mohamed , El-Mahdy Magdy M. , Bayoumi Mahmoud , Soliman Reem A. , Elsayed Marwa. F. , Sakr Ezz El-Din , Bastami Mostafa , El-Safty Munir M. , Shaalan Mohamed 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInfectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an economically crucial respiratory disease of poultry that affects the industry worldwide. Vaccination is the principal tool in the control of the disease outbreak. In an earlier study, we comprehensively characterized the circulating strains in Egypt and identified both CEO-like and recombinant strains are dominant. Herein, we investigated the pathogenicity of two virulent strains representing the CEO-like (Sharkia_2018) and recombinant strain (Qalubia_2018). Additionally, we evaluated the efficacy of different commercial vaccines (HVT-LT, CEO, and TCO) against the two isolates in terms of the histopathological lesion scores and the viral (gC) gene load. A total of 270 White Leghorn-specific pathogen-free male chicks were divided into nine groups of 30 birds, each housed in separate isolators. Birds were distributed as follows; one group was non-vaccinated, non-challenged, and served as a negative control. Two groups were non-vaccinated and infected with the two isolates of interest and served as a positive control to test the pathogenicity. Six groups were vaccinated and challenged; two groups were vaccinated with vector vaccine at one day old. The other four groups were vaccinated with either the CEO- or TCO- vaccine (two groups each) at four weeks of age. Three weeks after vaccination, birds were infected with the virulent ILTV isolates. The larynx, trachea, and harderian gland samples were taken at 1, 3, and 7 days post-infection for histopathological lesion score and molecular detection. Notably, The recombinant strain was more virulent and pathogenic than CEO-like ILTV strains. Moreover, the TCO vaccine was less immunogenic than the vector and CEO vaccines.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells: an emerging target for anticancer immunotherapy
Authors: Wu Yuze , Yi Ming , Niu Mengke , Mei Qi , Wu Kongming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe clinical responses observed following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) support immunotherapy as a potential anticancer treatment. However, a large proportion of patients cannot benefit from it due to resistance or relapse, which is most likely attributable to the multiple immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous array of pathologically activated immature cells, are a chief component of immunosuppressive networks. These cells potently suppress T-cell activity and thus contribute to the immune escape of malignant tumors. New findings indicate that targeting MDSCs might be an alternative and promising target for immunotherapy, reshaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment and enhancing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we focus primarily on the classification and inhibitory function of MDSCs and the crosstalk between MDSCs and other myeloid cells. We also briefly summarize the latest approaches to therapies targeting MDSCs.
Risks and benefits of additional surgery for early gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach meeting non-curative resection criteria after endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Park Sin Hye , Yoon Hong Man , Ryu Keun Won , Kim Young-Woo , Kook Myeong-Cherl , Eom Bang Wool 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Additional surgery is recommended after non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer. However, it is not easy to recommend for tumors located in the upper third of the stomach, because it would be a total or proximal gastrectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the actual risks and benefits of additional gastrectomy for upper third tumors.

Methods
We reviewed the clinicopathological data of patients who underwent total or proximal gastrectomy for early gastric cancer in the upper third of the stomach between March 2002 and January 2021. The incidence of lymph node metastasis and postoperative complications were calculated, and risk factors for lymph node metastasis were identified using logistic regression analysis. Survival rates were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test.

Results
A total of 523 patients underwent total or proximal gastrectomy for early gastric cancer; 379 of them had tumors meeting the non-curative resection criteria for endoscopic submucosal dissection. The overall lymph node metastasis rate was 9.5%, and lymphovascular invasion was the only significant risk factor for lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001). The most common sites of lymph node metastasis were stations 1, 3, and 7, with their rates being 3.2%, 3.7%, and 3.2%, respectively. Overall and severe (Clavien–Dindo grade III or higher) postoperative complication rates were 21.1% and 14.0%, respectively, while postoperative mortality was 0.5% (2/379). The 5-year overall survival rates for patients with and without lymph node metastasis were 96.1% and 81.1%, respectively (p = 0.076).

Conclusions
Before planning an additional gastrectomy after non-curative endoscopic resection for the upper third tumor, we should consider both the benefit of the 9.5% curability for lymph node metastasis and the risks of the 21% postoperative complications and 0.5% mortality.