bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stochastic approximation for uncapacitated assortment optimization under the multinomial logit model
Authors: Peeters Yannik , den Boer Arnoud V. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe consider dynamic assortment optimization with incomplete information under the uncapacitated multinomial logit choice model. We propose an anytime stochastic approximation policy and prove that the regret—the cumulative expected revenue loss caused by offering suboptimal assortments—after time periods is bounded by times a constant that is independent of the number of products. In addition, we prove a matching lower bound on the regret for any policy that is valid for arbitrary model parameters—slightly generalizing a recent regret lower bound derived for specific revenue parameters. Numerical illustrations suggest that our policy outperforms alternatives by a significant margin when and the number of products are not too small.
Explicit dynamics of shells with a flat‐facet triangular finite element
Authors: Krysl Petr 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe use of a flat‐facet finite element with three nodes and six degrees of freedom per node for modeling of linear wave‐propagation events is discussed. The triangular shell finite element was presented in a preceding publication. The main novelty of the current approach is the treatment of the drilling rotations that decouples the drilling degree of freedoms on the global level, and hence makes it possible to eliminate negative effects of these degrees of freedom on the explicit time‐stepping algorithms employed to compute the dynamic response, such as deterioration in accuracy or artificially reduced time step. The element is shown to be robust for wave propagation simulations, and its performance is illustrated with examples including guided‐wave scenarios.
Copolymerisation of β‐butyrolactone and γ‐butyrolactone using yttrium amine bis(phenolate) catalysts
Authors: Catchpole Pip , Platel Rachel H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of poly(3‐hydroxbutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutyrate) is reported with a family of yttrium amine bis(phenolate) catalysts via ring‐opening polymerisation of β‐butyrolactone and γ‐butyrolactone. Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate), poly(4‐hydroxybutyrate) and poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutyrate) were prepared at −40 °C with a 10 mol L−1 monomer concentration using a range of amine bis(phenolate) catalysts. It was found that poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) synthesis is inferior under these conditions to that attainable at room temperature. In contrast, poly(4‐hydroxybutyrate) synthesis achieved up to 33% conversion under these conditions. Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) polymers containing up to 63% 4‐hydroxybutyrate inclusion were obtained when β‐butyrolactone and γ‐butyrolactone were copolymerised, with γ‐butyrolactone in excess in the monomer feed. The carbonyl resonances between 169 and 174 ppm in the 13C NMR spectra of this copolymer were assigned. Gel permeation chromatography of the copolymers showed that the number‐average molecular weights are consistently greater than the calculated values, and the dispersities are generally greater than 1.4, demonstrating limited control by the catalysts. Despite this restricted control, these catalysts were able to convert appreciable amounts of monomers into polymers either individually or within a copolymerisation. © 2022 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Theoretical study on the mechanism of the benzaldehyde deoxyfluorination by sulfuryl fluoride and tetramethylammonium fluoride
Authors: Sheng Chenxi , Li Zhewei , Pu Min , Lei Ming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOrganic fluoride compounds have a potential widely application in pharmaceutical, chemical, and material industries. The deoxyfluorination of C=O bonds is one of important ways to synthesize the organic fluorides. Recently, one efficient aldehyde deoxyfluorination strategy by sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) and tetramethylammonium fluoride (TMAF) under mild condition was proposed with low cost and high yield, and SO2F2 was produced by the reaction of 1,1′‐sulfonyldiimidazole (SDI) and KF in formic acid solvent. Herein, a density functional theory (DFT) study was performed to investigate the nature of this reaction including the SO2F2 formation and the aldehyde deoxyfluorination. The calculated results indicate that in the SO2F2 formation, the formic acid plays an important role and participates in the reaction with SDI and KF to transfer proton and convert imidazole cation into imidazole, and in the aldehyde deoxyfluorination by SO2F2 and TMAF, this study points out that there are two C–F coupling steps in this process, and the second one along a SN2 pathway is the rate‐determining step with a free energy barrier of 9.6 kcal/mol. The fluoride anions (F−) come from TMAF as fluorination reagent, which agree well with experimental results. And SO2F2 acts as deoxidization reagent. In comparison with the benzaldehyde deoxyfluorination by diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST), the aldehyde deoxyfluorination strategy by SO2F2 and TMAF owns thermodynamic and kinetic advantages. This theoretical study could provide theoretical insights to design new reagent for the deoxyfluorination of C=O bonds.
Resveratrol ameliorates muscle atrophy in chronic kidney disease via the axis of SIRT1/FoxO1
Authors: Wang Ruiting , Yuan Weidong , Li Lu , Lu Fei , Zhang Lingling , Gong Haifeng , Huang Xinzhong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) is often associated with muscle atrophy. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not well understood. Here, we treated 5/6‐nephrectomized (5/6Nx) rats with resveratrol and found that this treatment greatly improves renal function as evidenced by reduced proteinuria and cystatin C. Moreover, resveratrol ameliorates renal fibrosis by reducing transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Meanwhile, muscle atrophy in these 5/6Nx rats was largely attenuated by resveratrol. Immunoprecipitation revealed that SIRT1 physically interacts with FoxO1 in muscle, and this interaction was weakened in 5/6Nx rats. As a consequence, acetylated FoxO1 was increased in muscle of 5/6Nx rats. The application of resveratrol markedly reverses this trend. These data point out that SIRT1 is a key factor for linking renal disease and muscle atrophy. Indeed, both renal dysfunction and muscle atrophy were further aggravated by 5/6Nx in Sirt1+/− mice. Taken together, our data indicate that SIRT1 plays a pivotal role in muscle atrophy in CKD, and FoxO1 might be a substrate of SIRT1 in this process. Furthermore, resveratrol, together with other agonists of SIRT1, may hold great therapeutic potentials for treating CKD and its related muscle atrophy.
Adsorption‐Catalysis‐Conversion of Polysulfides in Sandwiched Ultrathin Ni(OH)2‐PANI for Stable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Yan Min , Wang Zhao‐Yun , Yu Guo‐Wei , Huang Rui , Zhang Cai‐Yun , Chang Xiao‐Ning , Dong Wen‐Da , Liu Xiao‐Long , Liu Jian , Mohamed Hemdan S. H. , Liu Zhi‐Tian , Li Yu , Su Bao‐Lian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStrong adsorption and catalysis for lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) are critical toward the electrochemical stability of Li‐S batteries. Herein, a hollow sandwiched nanoparticle is put forward to enhance the adsorption‐catalysis‐conversion dynamic of sulfur species. The outer ultrathin Ni(OH)2 nanosheets not only confine LiPSs via both physical encapsulation and chemical adsorption, but also promote redox kinetics and accelerate the conversion of sulfur species, which is revealed by experiments and theoretical calculations. Meanwhile, the inner hollow polyaniline soft core provides a strong chemical bonding to LiPSs after vulcanization, which can chemically adsorpt LiPSs, and synergistically confine the shuttle effect. Moreover, the Ni(OH)2 nanosheets with a large specific area can enhance the wettability of electrolyte, and the flexible hollow sandwiched structure can accommodate the volume expansion, promoting sulfur utilization and structural stability. The obtained cathode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance with an initial discharge capacity of 1173 mAh g–1 and a small capacity decay of 0.08% per cycle even after 500 cycles at 0.2 C, among the best results of Ni(OH)2‐based materials for Li–S batteries. It is believed that the combination of adsorption‐catalysis‐conversion will shed a light on the development of cathode materials for stable Li–S batteries.
The internationalization of Australian innovative small‐to‐medium enterprises utilizing wholly foreign‐owned entities in China
Authors: Abdulhak Ismail ‘Sol’ , Menzies Jane , Paul Justin , Hassan Rohail 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe purpose of the paper is to investigate how innovative, small‐to‐medium enterprises (SMEs) internationalize through utilizing wholly foreign‐owned entities (WFOEs), as there is a little research explaining this. This paper presents the findings from in‐depth case studies with 14 SMEs that internationalized to China as WFOEs. The SMEs internationalized as WFOEs in order to tap into opportunities and develop presence. WFOEs were developed either proactively or reactively, which provided a catalyst for internationalization. SMEs mostly used radical, game‐changing product innovations. However, findings from the case studies revealed that the Chinese market did not always accept western innovations, and adaptations had to be made. A new conceptual model with a range of theoretical propositions for future researchers is developed, based on the findings.
Disentangling tau and brain atrophy cluster heterogeneity across the Alzheimer's disease continuum
Authors: Toledo Jon B. , Liu Hangfan , Grothe Michel J. , Rashid Tanweer , Launer Lenore , Shaw Leslie M. , Snoussi Haykel , Heckbert Susan , Weiner Michael , Trojanwoski John Q. , Seshadri Sudha , Habes Mohamad ,   & for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionNeuroimaging heterogeneity in dementia has been examined using single modalities. We evaluated the associations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) atrophy and flortaucipir positron emission tomography (PET) clusters across the Alzheimer's disease (AD) spectrum.MethodsWe included 496 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative participants with brain MRI, flortaucipir PET scan, and amyloid beta biomarker measures obtained. We applied a novel robust collaborative clustering (RCC) approach on the MRI and flortaucipir PET scans. We derived indices for AD‐like (SPARE‐AD index) and brain age (SPARE‐BA) atrophy.ResultsWe identified four tau (I–IV) and three atrophy clusters. Tau clusters were associated with the apolipoprotein E genotype. Atrophy clusters were associated with white matter hyperintensity volumes. Only the hippocampal sparing atrophy cluster showed a specific association with brain aging imaging index. Tau clusters presented stronger clinical associations than atrophy clusters. Tau and atrophy clusters were partially associated.ConclusionsEach neuroimaging modality captured different aspects of brain aging, genetics, vascular changes, and neurodegeneration leading to individual multimodal phenotyping.
Examples of Good Practices in Erasmus+ Projects that Integrate Gender and STEM in Higher Education
Authors: de Castro M. Goretti Alonso , García-Peñalvo Francisco José 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe European Union promotes the realization of European projects through different programs, among which the Erasmus+ program stands out in the educational field. These projects deal with different topics, including gender and STEM in the different educational sectors, Higher Education included. In addition, the projects are cataloged and can be searched and consulted in the Erasmus+ Project Results Platform that allows filtering and choosing by educational sector, project type, by specific tokens, as well as selecting those that are labeled as success stories and/or good practices. Knowing which have been the projects that have been considered the most outstanding, successful, and/or good practice in the field of gender and STEM in Higher Education and finding the aspects that characterize them can be a source of inspiration to deepen in this field of research based on current experiences that have worked. This is the purpose of this chapter, which shows these outstanding projects as references in the field of STEM empowerment among women in Higher Education.
Inter-rater reliability for assessing intracranial collaterals in patients with acute ischemic stroke: comparing 29 raters and an artificial intelligence-based software
Authors: Wolff Lennard , Su Jiahang , Van Loon Derek , van Es Adriaan , van Doormaal Pieter Jan , Majoie Charles , van Zwam Wim , Dippel Diederik , van der Lugt Aad , van Walsum Theo ,   on behalf of the MR CLEAN investigators
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Outcome of endovascular treatment in acute ischemic stroke patients is depending on the collateral circulation maintaining blood flow to the ischemic territory. We evaluated the inter-rater reliability and accuracy of raters and an automated algorithm for assessing the collateral score (CS, range: 0–3) in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Methods
Baseline CTA scans with an intracranial anterior occlusion from the MR CLEAN study (n=500) were used. For each core lab CS, ten CTA scans with sufficient quality were randomly selected. After a training session in collateral scoring, all selected CTA scans were individually evaluated for a visual CS by three groups: 7 radiologists, 13 junior and 9 senior radiology residents. Two additional radiologists scored CS to be used as reference, with a third providing a CS to produce a 2 out of 3 consensus CS in case of disagreement. An automated algorithm was also used to compute CS. Inter-rater agreement was reported with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Accuracy of visual and automated CS were calculated.

Results
39 CTA scans were assessed (1 corrupt CTA-scan excluded). All groups showed a moderate ICC (0.689-0.780) in comparison to the reference standard. Overall human accuracy was 65± 7% and increased to 88± 5% for dichotomized CS (0–1, 2–3). Automated CS accuracy was 62%, and 90% for dichotomized CS. No significant difference in accuracy was found between groups with different levels of expertise.

Conclusion
After training, inter-rater reliability in collateral scoring was not influenced by experience. Automated CS performs similar to residents and radiologists in determining a collateral score.
Comparison of CT, MRI, and F-18 FDG PET/CT for initial N-staging of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Burian Egon , Palla Benjamin , Callahan Nicholas , Pyka Thomas , Wolff Constantin , von Schacky Claudio E. , Schmid Annabelle , Froelich Matthias F. , Rübenthaler Johannes , Makowski Marcus R. , Gassert Felix G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background and purpose
Treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is based on clinical exam, biopsy, and a precise imaging-based TNM-evaluation. A high sensitivity and specificity for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and F-18 FDG PET/CT are reported for N-staging. Nevertheless, staging of oral squamous cell carcinoma is most often based on computed tomography (CT) scans. This study aims to evaluate cost-effectiveness of MRI and PET/CT compared to standard of care imaging in initial staging of OSCC within the US Healthcare System.

Methods
A decision model was constructed using quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and overall costs of different imaging strategies including a CT of the head, neck, and the thorax, MRI of the neck with CT of the thorax, and whole body F-18 FDG PET/CT using Markov transition simulations for different disease states. Input parameters were derived from literature and willingness to pay (WTP) was set to US $100,000/QALY. Deterministic sensitivity analysis of diagnostic parameters and costs was performed. Monte Carlo modeling was used for probabilistic sensitivity analysis.

Results
In the base-case scenario, total costs were at US $239,628 for CT, US $240,001 for MRI, and US $239,131 for F-18 FDG PET/CT whereas the model yielded an effectiveness of 5.29 QALYs for CT, 5.30 QALYs for MRI, and 5.32 QALYs for F-18 FDG PET/CT respectively. F-18 FDG PET/CT was the most cost-effective strategy over MRI as well as CT, and MRI was the cost-effective strategy over CT. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed high robustness of the model with incremental cost effectiveness ratio remaining below US $100,000/QALY for a wide range of variability of input parameters.

Conclusion
F-18 FDG PET/CT is the most cost-effective strategy in the initial N-staging of OSCC when compared to MRI and CT. Despite less routine use, both whole body PET/CT and MRI are cost-effective modalities in the N-staging of OSCC. Based on these findings, the implementation of PET/CT for initial staging could be suggested to help reduce costs while increasing effectiveness in OSCC.
Does preoperative opioid therapy in patients with a single lumbar disc herniation positively influence the postoperative outcome detected by quantitative sensory testing?
Authors: Gasser Lea , Lener Sara , Hartmann Sebastian , Löscher Wolfgang N. , Thomé Claudius , Hofer Anja 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The importance of the type of pain medication in spinal disease is an ongoing matter of debate. Recent guidelines recommend acetaminophen and NSAIDs as first-line medication for lumbar disc herniation. However, opioid pain medication is commonly used in patients with chronic pain, and therefore also in patients with sciatica. The aim of this study is to evaluate if opioids have an impact on the outcome in patients suffering from lumbar disc herniation. To assess this objectively quantitative sensory testing (QST) was applied. In total, 52 patients with a single lumbar disc herniation confirmed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and treated by lumbar sequesterectomy were included in the trial. Patients were analysed according to their preoperative opioid intake: 35 patients who did not receive opioids (group NO) and 17 patients, who received opioids preoperatively (group O). Further evaluation included detailed medical history, physical examination, various questionnaires, and QST. No pre- and postoperative differences were detected in thermal or mechanical thresholds (p > 0.05). Wind-up ratio (WUR) differed significantly between groups 1 week postoperatively (p = 0.025). The NRS for low back pain was rated significantly higher in the non-opioid group (NO) after 1-week follow-up (p = 0.026). Radicular pain tended to be higher in the NO group after 12 months of follow-up (p = 0.023). Opioids seem to be a positive predictor for the postoperative pain outcome in early follow-up in patients undergoing lumbar sequesterectomy. Furthermore, patients presented with less radicular pain 1 year after surgery.
Set of Support, Demodulation, Paramodulation: A Historical Perspective
Authors: Bonacina Maria Paola 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article is a tribute to the scientific legacy of automated reasoning pioneer and JAR founder Lawrence T. (Larry) Wos. Larry’s main technical contributions were theset-of-support strategyfor resolution theorem proving, and thedemodulationandparamodulationinference rules for building equality into resolution. Starting from the original definitions of these concepts in Larry’s papers, this survey traces their evolution, unearthing the often forgotten trails that connect Larry’s original definitions to those that became standard in the field.
Solid electrolyte based on 2-adamantanone for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Bardenhagen Ingo , Soto Marc , Langer Frederieke , Koschek Katharina , Schwenzel Julian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Solid-state batteries are considered the next step in battery technology. Materials investigated for application as solid-state electrolytes are mainly oxide ceramics, sulfidic (glass-) ceramics, and polymers. Besides these, another class of solid electrolytes with promising properties is based on plastic crystals. Especially due to their waxy behavior, they promise good interfaces within a solid-state battery. In this work, a new plastic crystal, 2-adamantanone, is investigated as basis for a solid electrolyte for the first time. Its large temperature window from − 95 to 255 °C for its plastic (conductive) state and the high dipole moment of 3.4 D make it a promising material for battery application. The mixture with a lithium salt was investigated thermally with TGA and DSC revealing stability in a large temperature range from − 30 to + 80 °C. IR investigations show the dissociation of the conductive salt, which is necessary for the lithium ion conduction. The ionic conductivity of the electrolytes reaches values up to 1.4·10−4 S/cm at room temperature with a very low activation energy of only 0.32 eV.
Development of a contaminant concentration transport model for sulfate-contaminated areas
Authors: Zeynali Mohammad Javad , Pourreza-Bilondi Mohsen , Akbarpour Abolfazl , Yazdi Jafar , Zekri Slim 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGroundwater pollution is one of the most important challenges for human. In many parts of the world, groundwater is used for agriculture and even drinking, whereas natural and human-made groundwater contaminants have also affected the quality of these waters. Therefore, monitoring and evaluating the quantity and quality of groundwater is very important. In this research, the efficiency of finite element method (FEM) for groundwater flow and Sulfate concentration transport modeling has been investigated for a 7-year period. After finite element validation analysis, this method was employed in a hypothetical and real-case aquifer with regularly distributed nodes and square elements 200 m × 200 m. The mean error and root mean square error (RMSE) as performance criteria were used to evaluate the performance of the model. The results indicated that the FEM model with RMSE = 1.06 (m) and 1.44 (me/lit) has good skills in groundwater flow and contaminant transport modeling, respectively. Also, the results of the FEM model indicated that in the northeast of the aquifer, the groundwater level is low and the amount of Sulfate is high (higher than the standard values recommended by) which is also confirmed by real data.