bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigen detection in the Emergency Department: data from a pediatric cohort during the fourth COVID-19 wave in Italy
Authors: Pepe Angela , Valitutti Francesco , Veneruso Deborah , Bove Martina , De Anseris Anna Giulia Elena , Nazzaro Lucia , Pisano Pasquale , Melis Daniela , Mandato Claudia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has been challenging health care systems and made it necessary to use rapid and cost-effective testing methods, particularly in Emergency Department (ED) settings. Rapid Antigen Diagnostic Tests (RADTs) are a valid alternative to the gold standard RT-PCR, even in pediatric populations. This retrospective observational study has been conducted on a pediatric cohort afferent to the ED of the San Giovanni di Dio and Ruggi d’Aragona University Hospital in Salerno, tested at Point of Care with RADT Panbio® (Abbott), from September 1st, 2021 to February 28th, 2022, analyzing the positivity rate and clinical features of the cohort, also in reference to the rise of positive cases observed in the aforementioned period, and to the introduction in Italy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for children and teens on December 16th, 2021.

Methods
Data regarding access to the pediatric ED were extracted from the hospital’s electronic database system. Parallel to this, we conducted a narrative literature search using PubMed database focusing on the use of RADT in pediatric ED and compared our data with the national pandemic trend.

Results
During the observation period, 1890 patients were tested for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 with RADT and the 2.7% of children resulted positive, with a peak in January 2022. The main symptoms in positive patients were: fever (n = 34; 66.7%), cough (n = 11; 21.5%), headache (n = 4; 7.8%), chest pain (n = 2; 3.9%) and abdominal pain (n = 1; 2%). Patients were divided into three different age groups (A, B, C) basing on the different access timing to vaccination; no statistically significant difference was detected in the distribution of positivity in these three groups (p > 0.05). Number of positive children in group A was greater in the post-vaccine group. Our data are concordant with the national trend of the pandemic showing a fourth wave peak in January 2022.

Conclusion
The use of RADT as a first point-of-care screening may be helpful, time-saving and cost-sparing. Our study shows that, during the observation period, most children admitted to the ED for fever, actually tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 with a statistically greater difference than negative children. Instead, number of patients admitted for cough was statistically higher among negative than positive ones, probably due to the circulation of other respiratory viruses in children.
Early hyperoxia and 28-day mortality in patients on venoarterial ECMO support for refractory cardiogenic shock: a bicenter retrospective propensity score-weighted analysis
Authors: Moussa Mouhamed Djahoum , Beyls Christophe , Lamer Antoine , Roksic Stefan , Juthier Francis , Leroy Guillaume , Petitgand Vincent , Rousse Natacha , Decoene Christophe , Dupré Céline , Caus Thierry , Huette Pierre , Guilbart Mathieu , Guinot Pierre-Grégoire , Besserve Patricia , Mahjoub Yazine , Dupont Hervé , Robin Emmanuel , Meynier Jonathan , Vincentelli André , Abou-Arab Osama 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe mortality rate for a patient with a refractory cardiogenic shock on venoarterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains high, and hyperoxia might worsen this prognosis. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between hyperoxia and 28-day mortality in this setting.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective bicenter study in two French academic centers. The study population comprised adult patients admitted for refractory cardiogenic shock. The following arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) variables were recorded for 48 h following admission: the absolute peak PaO2(the single highest value measured during the 48 h), the mean daily peak PaO2(the mean of each day’s peak values), the overall mean PaO2(the mean of all values over 48 h), and the severity of hyperoxia (mild: PaO2 < 200 mmHg, moderate: PaO2 = 200–299 mmHg, severe: PaO2 ≥ 300 mmHg). The main outcome was the 28-day all-cause mortality. Inverse probability weighting (IPW) derived from propensity scores was used to reduce imbalances in baseline characteristics.ResultsFrom January 2013 to January 2020, 430 patients were included and assessed. The 28-day mortality rate was 43%. The mean daily peak, absolute peak, and overall mean PaO2values were significantly higher in non-survivors than in survivors. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, the mean daily peak PaO2, absolute peak PaO2, and overall mean PaO2were independent predictors of 28-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval per 10 mmHg increment: 2.65 [1.79–6.07], 2.36 [1.67–4.82], and 2.85 [1.12–7.37], respectively). After IPW, high level of oxygen remained significantly associated with 28-day mortality (OR = 1.41 [1.01–2.08];P = 0.041).ConclusionsHigh oxygen levels were associated with 28-day mortality in patients on VA-ECMO support for refractory cardiogenic shock. Our results confirm the need for large randomized controlled trials on this topic.
Evaluation of tumour heterogeneity by 18F-fluoroestradiol PET as a predictive measure in breast cancer patients receiving palbociclib combined with endocrine treatment
Authors: Liu Cheng , Hu Shihui , Xu Xiaoping , Zhang Yongping , Wang Biyun , Song Shaoli , Yang Zhongyi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Predictive biomarkers are needed to identify oestrogen receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (ER + /HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients who would likely benefit from cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy. Therefore, we performed an exploratory study to evaluate the tumour heterogeneity parameters based on 16α-18F-fluoro-17β-oestradiol (18F-FES)-PET imaging as a potential marker to predict progression-free survival (PFS) in MBC patients receiving palbociclib combined with endocrine therapy.

Methods
Fifty-six ER + MBC patients underwent 18F-FES-PET/CT before the initiation of palbociclib. 18F-FES uptake was quantified and expressed as the standardized uptake value (SUV). Interlesional heterogeneity was qualitatively identified according to the presence or absence of 18F-FES-negative lesions. Intralesional heterogeneity was measured by the SUV-based heterogeneity index (HI = SUVmax/SUVmean). Association with survival was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Results
A total of 551 metastatic lesions were found in 56 patients: 507 lesions were identified as 18F-FES-positive, 38 lesions were distributed across 10 patients without 18F-FES uptake, and the remaining 6 were liver lesions. Forty-three patients obtained a clinical benefit, and 13 developed progressive disease (PD) within 24 weeks. Nine out of 10 patients with an 18F-FES-negative site developed PD, and the median PFS was only 2.4 months. Among 46 patients with only 18F-FES-positive lesions, only four patients had PD, and the median PFS was 23.6 months. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.001). For the subgroup of patients with only 18F-FES-positive lesions, low FES-HI patients experienced substantially longer PFS times than those with high FES-HI (26.5 months vs. 16.5 months, P = 0.004).

Conclusions
18F-FES-PET may provide a promising method for identifying and selecting candidate ER + /HER2- MBC patients who would most likely benefit from palbociclib combined with endocrine treatment and could serve as a predictive marker for treatment response.
Trial registration NCT04992156, Date of registration: August 5, 2021 (retrospectively registered).
Identifying and correcting repeat-calling errors in nanopore sequencing of telomeres
Authors: Tan Kar-Tong , Slevin Michael K. , Meyerson Matthew , Li Heng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNanopore long-read sequencing is an emerging approach for studying genomes, including long repetitive elements like telomeres. Here, we report extensive basecalling induced errors at telomere repeats across nanopore datasets, sequencing platforms, basecallers, and basecalling models. We find that telomeres in many organisms are frequently miscalled. We demonstrate that tuning of nanopore basecalling models leads to improved recovery and analysis of telomeric regions, with minimal negative impact on other genomic regions. We highlight the importance of verifying nanopore basecalls in long, repetitive, and poorly defined regions, and showcase how artefacts can be resolved by improvements in nanopore basecalling models.
E-Mental-Health aftercare for children and adolescents after partial or full inpatient psychiatric hospitalization: study protocol of the randomized controlled DigiPuR trial
Authors: Finkbeiner Marlene , Kühnhausen Jan , Schmid Johanna , Conzelmann Annette , Dürrwächter Ute , Wahl Lena-Marie , Kelava Augustin , Gawrilow Caterina , Renner Tobias J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
During reintegration to daily school life following psychiatric hospitalization, children and adolescents are confronted with various challenges and are at risk for rehospitalization. Tailored post-discharge services could support a successful readjustment and accompany the high-risk transition period after discharge. The study DigiPuR (“Digital gestützte Psychotherapie und Reintegration,” digitally supported psychotherapy and reintegration) aims to establish and to evaluate an innovative digital aftercare program to alleviate challenges during reintegration and improve cross-sectoral care.

Methods
DigiPuR is a randomized controlled trial comparing a digital aftercare service with regular aftercare (TAU) (planned N = 150, 25 children/adolescents, 25 parents, and 25 teachers in each group). In the intervention group, direct communication via secure and regular video calls until 8 weeks after discharge and a secure messenger system between the hospital, family, and school, as well as, if needed, external support systems, are established. A longitudinal pre-post-follow-up assessment at admission, discharge, and 8, 24, and 36 weeks after discharge takes place supplemented by a daily smartphone-based ambulatory assessment from a triadic perspective of patients, parents, and teachers. Primary outcomes include whether participants in the intervention group have fewer readmissions and higher treatment satisfaction and health-related quality of life as well as lower symptom severity than participants in the control group.

Discussion
The present study is essential to address the cross-sectoral challenges associated with reintegration into daily (school) life following child and adolescent psychiatric hospitalization and to determine possible needed adaptations in partial or full inpatient settings. If applicability and efficacy of the aftercare service can be demonstrated, integration into regular care will be sought.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.govNCT04986228. Registered on August 2, 2021
Study protocol of brief intervention using gene polymorphism information for excessive drinking among Japanese college students and adults aged 20–30 years: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Owaki Yukiko , Yoshimoto Hisashi , Saito Go , Goto Takahiro , Kushio Satoshi , Nakamura Akihiro , Togo Yusuke , Mori Kazumasa , Hokazono Hideki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The alcohol-metabolizing enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a carcinogenic acetaldehyde-degrading enzyme, and its low activity is a genetic constitution peculiar to East Asians. People with low alcohol dehydrogenase 1B activity (ADH1B*1/*1 genotype) have a high risk of developing head and neck cancer and alcoholism. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of brief interventions for excessive drinking among college students and adults in their 20s, including information on five constitutions that combine the ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes.

Methods
Participants comprised university students and staff aged 20–30 years who had consumed ≥40 g (males) or ≥20 g (females) of pure alcohol; they were classified into intervention and control groups using a simple randomization method. Participants anonymously filled out questionnaires linked to identification numbers and recorded the drinking days and amounts on the drinking calendar. The intervention group will then be tested for genotype testing using saliva (5 types of combinations of ALDH2 and ADH1B enzyme activities); the result report will arrive approximately 1 month later. We will conduct a 30-min face-to-face or online intervention. The control group will be merely given the conventional materials, and genetic testing will be performed voluntarily after 6 months (end of study). The intervention group will undergo questionnaire surveys 1 month after the intervention and 3 and 6 months after baseline. Questionnaire surveys will be conducted 1, 3, and 6 months after baseline for the control group. The average amount of drinking before and after the intervention, attribute/baseline data between the two groups, and time-series data were compared using various analysis tools. For interventions, we engaged in dialog based on intervention materials that added genotyping content to the existing materials, result reports, baseline data, and drinking calendar records. Participants’ ingenuity is respected to support their drinking behavior and goal setting.

Discussion
Individual information on the genetic makeup of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes provided during the intervention is more personal and objective than general health information, especially in Japan, where the ALDH2 low activity rate is high. This information may be useful for health care and precautionary measures.

Trial registration
R000050379, UMIN000044148, Registered on June 1, 2021.
Scientific Title: Examination of simple intervention using genetic polymorphism information for excessive drinking.
Evaluating a couple communication skills training (CCST) intervention for advanced cancer: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Porter Laura S. , Ramos Katherine , Baucom Donald H. , Steinhauser Karen , Erkanli Alaattin , Strauman Timothy J. , Zafar S. Yousuf , Check Devon K. , Leo Karena , Liu Evan , Keefe Francis J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
For patients and their intimate partners, advanced cancer poses significant challenges that can negatively impact both individuals and their relationship. Prior studies have found evidence that couple-based communication skills interventions can to be beneficial for patients and partners. However, these studies have been limited by reliance on in-person treatment delivery and have not targeted couples at high risk for poor outcomes. This study tests the efficacy of a Couples Communication Skills Training (CCST) intervention delivered via videoconference for couples reporting high levels of holding back from discussing cancer-related concerns, a variable associated with poorer psychological and relationship functioning.

Methods
This RCT is designed to evaluate the efficacy of CCST in improving patient and partner relationship functioning (primary outcome). Secondary outcomes include patient and partner psychological functioning and patient symptoms and health care use. We also examine the role of objective and self-reported communication behaviors as mediators of treatment effects. Two hundred thirty patients with advanced lung, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and breast cancer and their partners will be randomized to CCST or an education control intervention. Participants in both conditions complete self-reported outcome measures at baseline, mid-treatment, post-treatment, and 3 months post-treatment. Objective measures of communication are derived from video-recorded couple conversations collected at baseline and post-treatment. An implementation-related process evaluation (assessing implementation outcomes and potential barriers to/facilitators of implementation) will be conducted to inform future efforts to implement CCST in real-world settings.

Discussion
This trial can yield important new knowledge about effective ways to improve patient and partner adjustment to advanced cancer.

Trial registration
This study trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (Trial # NCT04590885); registration date: October 19, 2020.
The efficacy and tolerability of sports drink versus water in bowel preparations: a randomised controlled study
Authors: Zhang Zhixin , Gao Hui , Yuan Xin , Liu Cenqin , Bao Zhenfei , Yu Siyi , Xie Haofen , Wang Weihong , Xie Jiarong , Xu Lei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
An optimal bowel preparation can result in an improved colonoscopy. This study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of the use of a sports drink (Mizone) plus polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution with a water plus PEG solution in bowel preparations.

Methods
This was a randomised controlled study. All of the included patients were randomly divided into the following two groups: the PEG + Mizone group and the PEG + water group. The palatability of the solution was measured through the use of questionnaires. Additionally, bowel cleanliness was evaluated according to the Ottawa Bowel Preparation Scale (OBPS, 0–14, with higher values indicating worse cleanliness), as well as with the aid of colonoscopy videos.

Results
A total of 270 patients were enrolled. The rate of adequate bowel preparation was 74.8% in the PEG + Mizone group and 68.9% in the PEG + water group, with a risk difference of 5.9% (95% CI: − 4.8–16.6%), which indicated noninferiority (noninferiority margin: − 9.5% <  − 4.8%). However, patients rated the palatability (65.9% vs 44.4%, P < 0.001) and willingness to recommend or repeat (88.9% vs 75.6%, P = 0.004) the administration of the PEG + Mizone preparation as being better than those of the PEG + water preparation. The rates of adverse events during the bowel preparations were not significantly different between the two groups, except for bloating (PEG + Mizone vs PEG + water, 4.4% vs 13.3%, P = 0.010).

Conclusion
The concomitant use of PEG + Mizone was a well tolerated and effective bowel preparation, compared with the PEG + water treatment.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04247386. Registered on 30 Jan 2020.
A prediction model for worsening diabetic retinopathy after panretinal photocoagulation
Authors: Li Jinglan , Li Xuanlong , Lei Mingxing , Li Wanyue , Chen Wenqian , Ma Tianju , Gao Yi , Ye Zi , Li Zhaohui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
As one of the severe complications of diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in the working age worldwide. Although panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) was standard treatment, PRP-treated DR still has a high risk of progression. Hence, this study aimed to assess the risk factors and establish a model for predicting worsening diabetic retinopathy (DR-worsening) within five years after PRP.

Methods
Patients who were diagnosed with severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy or proliferative diabetic retinopathy and treated with PRP were included, and those patients were randomly assigned to either a training or validation cohort. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen potential risk factors for DR-worsening in the training cohort. Then the model was established after including significant independent risk factors and further validated using discrimination and calibration.

Results
A total of 271 patients were included, and 56.46% of patients had an outcome of DR-worsening. In the training cohort (n = 135), age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90–0.98), baseline best corrected visual acuity (logMAR) (OR = 10.74, 95% CI 1.84–62.52), diabetic nephropathy (OR = 9.32, 95% CI 1.49–58.46), and hyperlipidemia (OR = 3.34, 95% CI 1.05–10.66) were screened out as the independent risk factors, which were incorporated into the predictive model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration slope in the training and validation cohort were 0.79, 0.96 (95% CI 0.60–1.31), and 0.79, 1.00 (95% CI 0.66–1.34), respectively. Two risk groups were developed depending on the best cut-off value of the predicted probability, and the actual probability was 34.90% and 82.79% in the low-risk and high-risk groups, respectively (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
This study developed and internally validated a new model to predict the probability of DR-worsening after PRP treatment within five years. The model can be used as a rapid risk assessment system for clinical prediction of DR-worsening and identify individuals at a high risk of DR-worsening at an early stage and prescribe additional treatment.
The association between advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and ABC (hemoglobin A1C, blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) control parameters among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Rezaei Mohaddeseh , Rabizadeh Soghra , Mirahmad Maryam , Hajmiri Minoo Sadat , Nakhjavani Manouchehr , Hemmatabadi Mahboobeh , Shirzad Nooshin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes-induced chronic hyperglycemia results in the formation and aggregation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which are products of non-enzymatic glycosylation of lipids or proteins. The development of diabetic complications can be accelerated by AGEs. In the current study, we aimed to explore the relationship between AGEs levels and ABC goals of diabetes control (A: Hemoglobin A1C < 7.0%, B: Blood pressure < 140/90 mmHg, and C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL] < 100 mg/dL).MethodsIn the current cross-sectional study, 293 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), were enrolled. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the individuals were collected. AGEs levels were measured using quantitative fluorescence spectroscopy. Finally, the association of AGEs levels with patients' characteristics and ABC goals was assessed.ResultsHigher serum AGEs concentration was detected in older age, smoking patients and those with higher diastolic blood pressure, lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level, lower body mass index (BMI) and retinopathy. Moreover, the T2D patients who achieved higher numbers of ABC goals of diabetes were younger age (P-value = 0.003), with lower hemoglobin A1C (P-value = 0.001), fasting blood sugar (P-value = 0.002) diastolic blood pressure (P-value = 0.001), systolic blood pressure (P-value = 0.001), cholesterol (P-value = 0.001), LDL (P-value = 0.001), and AGEs (P-value = 0.023) levels. Diabetic patients with AGEs levels above 73.9% were about 2.2 times more likely to achieve none of ABC treatment goals (95% CI 1.107–3.616).ConclusionOur results revealed the relationship between AGEs and ABC goal achievement, and microvascular diabetic complications, and imply that AGEs measurement may be valuable in the monitoring of diabetic patients' complications and treatment adjustment.