bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘When Hunger Makes Everything Better Looking!’: The Effect of Hunger on the Aesthetic Appreciation of Human Bodies, Faces and Objects
Authors: Cazzato Valentina , Vicario Carmelo M. , Urgesi Cosimo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Research evidence suggests that physiological state of hunger might affect preference for female body weight, such that hungrier, compared to satiate, men prefer heavier body weight and rate as more attractive heavier female ﬁgures. Here, we seek to extend these findings by comparing the effects of fasting and snack on aesthetics judgements of the bodies and faces of conspecifics and of objects in a sample of female and male participants. Methods: Forty-four participants (women: n = 21, mean age = 23.70yrs ± 0.62) provided aesthetic liking judgments of round and slim human bodies, faces and objects, under at least 12 h of overnight fasting and immediately after having eaten a snack (i.e., bananas). An anthropometric measure of adiposity (i.e., Body Mass Index, BMI) was also collected from each observer. Results: Overall, we found that participants’ aesthetic judgements were higher for slim stimuli compared to round ones. However, after fasting, participants rated round stimuli as more attractive compared to when they had a snack. This hunger-based shift in ratings not only was apparent when stimuli depicted a human body or face, but also when they depicted an object, thus suggesting a general modification of observers’ aesthetic preference related to hunger. Importantly, this effect was modulated by participants’ BMI so that only participants with a high BMI provided higher aesthetic judgements for round stimuli after fasting than after a snack. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that both the modification of the physiological state and the individual differences in adiposity level of the observers might affect the aesthetic appreciation of the external world.
Barriers to Prescribing Oral Anticoagulants To Inpatients Aged 80 Years and Older With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Xia Xin , Wang Lishuang , Lin Taiping , Yue Jirong , Yang Zhonghua , Mi Chongqing , Liao Zaibo , Chen Yanyu , Ge Ning , Wu Chenkai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate the temporal trend of prevalence of anticoagulation treatment and explore the factors associated with under prescription of oral anti-coagulants (OACs) among inpatients aged ≥80 years with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of inpatients with a discharge diagnosis of NVAF from a medical database. We used the Pearson chi-square or Fisher’s exact test to compare categorical variables between patients with and without OACs prescription. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between risk factors and under prescription of OACs. Results: A total of 4375 patients aged ≥80 years with AF were assessed in the largest academic hospital in China from August 1, 2016, to July 31, 2020, 3165 NVAF patients were included. The prevalence of OACs use was 20.9% in 2017, 28.7% in 2018, 35.6% in 2019, and 43.9% in 2020. Of all participants with CHA2DS2-VASc≥2, 1,027 (32.4%) were prescribed OACs; 33.7% and 31.8% of patients with and without prior stroke received OACs, respectively. Age, clinical department where patients were discharged, use of antiplatelets, and history of stroke and dementia were significantly associated with not prescribing OACs. Conclusions: The prevalence of OACs use increased over the past several years. The rate of prescription of OACs was lower among NVAF patients who were older, prescribed antiplatelets, discharged from non-departmental cardiology, and suffered from comorbidities. This study found the iatrogenic factors affecting the use of OACs in the inpatients aged ≥80 years, providing clues and basis for the standardized use of OACs in the inpatients.
One in ten Women who visited Health Facilities for various Reason have Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Dawit , Kure Mohammed Abdurke , Demssie Enku Afework , Mesfin Sinetibeb , Demena Melake , Dheresa Merga 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Pelvic organ prolapse remains neglected a public health problem in developing countries. The burden of pelvic organ prolapse varies by region and ranges from 9% to 20%. It poses an impact on women’s quality of life, and affect their role at community and family level. Although it has negative consequences and extensive burden, the true feature of pelvic organ prolapse is not well known among ever-married women attending health facility for various reason in the study area. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the magnitude of pelvic organ prolapse and associated factors among ever-married women attending healthcare services in public Hospitals, Eastern Ethiopia.Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted from March 4th to April 5th, 2020 among 458 ever-married women attending public Hospitals in Ethiopia. The study participants were approached through face-to-face interview using standardized questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 (IBM SPSS Statistics, 2013). The prevalence was reported by proportion and summary measures. Predictors were assessed using multivariable logistic regression analysis model and reported using adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI. Statistical significance was declared at p-value <0.05.Result: Of 458 women enrolled in the study, 10.5% [95%CI (7.6, 13.5)] of them had pelvic organ prolapse based on women’s reporting of symptoms. History of lifting heavy objects [AOR=3.22, 95%CI (1.56, 6.67)], history of chronic cough [AOR=2.51, 95%CI (1.18, 5.31)], maternal age of greater than and equal to 55 years [AOR=3.51, 95% CI(1.04, 11.76)], history chronic constipation (AOR=3.77, 95%CI(1.54, 9.22) and no history of contraceptive utilization [AOR= 2.41, 95%CI (1.13, 5.05)] were significantly associated with pelvic organ prolapse.Conclusion: In this study, one in ten women suffer from pelvic organ prolapse. Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factor were identified as a predictor. This result provides a cue to give due consideration on primary and secondary prevention through various techniques.
Spatial Distribution of Infant Mortality in Ethiopia: Using Demographic Health Survey, the Ethiopia
Authors: Kefale Berhanu Awoke , Woya Ashenafi Abate , Tekile Abay Kassa , Bantie Getasew Mulat 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Mortality is one of the demographic variables that affect population trends. Among mortality of children, Infant mortality contributed to more than 75% of all under-five deaths globally. It disproportionately affects those living in the different regions of countries and within the region. Exploring the spatial distribution and identifying associated factors is important to design effective intervention programs to reduce infant mortality. Thus, this study aimed to assess the spatial distribution and associated factors of infant mortality in Ethiopia using the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS).
Method
The Data this study were used Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey in 2016. A total of 11,023 live births from the EDHS data were included in the analysis. Spatial analysis was done to explore spatial distribution of infant mortality using ArcGIS version 10.4.
Results
This study revealed that the spatial distribution of infant mortality was non-random in the country with Moran’s index 0.1546 (P-value=0.0185). The Afar and Somali regions of Ethiopia were identified in this study on the hot spot of infant mortality.
Conclusions
The spatial distribution of infant mortality varies across the country. ANC usage, sex of a child, birth interval, birth size, birth type, birth order, wealth index, residence, region, and the spatial variable (Si) were significant predictors of infant mortality. Therefore, it needs interventions in the hot spot areas. Focusing on maternal health care services, rural residences, multiple births, infants having a smaller birth size, and male infants deserves special attention.
Agriculturally Intensified Landscapes Are Associated With Reduced Body Condition of Lady Beetles
Authors: Tiede Julia , Iuliano Benjamin , Gratton Claudio 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Context: Agricultural intensification is contributing to a global species decline. Underlying mechanisms include toxic effects of pesticides on non-target organisms and reductions in habitat and food availability. However, the effects of agricultural intensification on body condition, particularly of ecosystem service providing arthropods, are poorly understood.Objectives: Here, we investigated whether variations in the body condition of common lady beetle species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) can be explained by the composition and configuration of the surrounding landscape. Assuming strong seasonal variation in food availability in intensively farmed regions, we included the entire period of lady beetle activity in our study.Methods: Lady beetles were collected from April to September 2011 in 30 landscapes in southern Wisconsin, USA. We examined how body size, body density, and lipid content of the beetles responded to the percentage of intensive cropland, habitat diversity, and edge density in the surrounding landscape.Results: The strongest predictor of body condition was the percentage of intensive cropland. For every 10% increase in cropland, body density decreased by about 3.9% and fat content by 6.4%. Landscape diversity and edge density correlated with body condition of individual species.Conclusions: In agriculturally intensified landscapes, lady beetles with reduced body condition may produce fewer offspring, have lower survival rates, and exert less effective pest control. Thus, our results suggest a mechanistic link between landscape patterns and observed declines in lady beetle populations. Our results also show that the expansion of monocultures affects even common cropland-associated species such as Harmonia axyridis, suggesting a long-term decline in biocontrol services in simplified agricultural landscapes.
Echocardiographic and Electrocardiographic Findings in COVID-19 Patients; A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Keihanian Faeze , Poorzand Hoorak , Saeidinia Amin , Eshraghi Ali 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: There are still many gaps in our knowledge regarding the direct cardiovascular injuries due to COVID-19 infection. In this study, we tried to find out the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on cardiac function in patients without any history of structural heart disease by electrocardiographic and echocardiographic evaluations.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on patients with COVID-19 infection admitted to Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran between 14 April and 21 September 2020. COVID-19 infection was verified by a positive reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for SARS-CoV-2 using nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal samples. We enrolled all patients over 18 years old with definite diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. All patients underwent a comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography at the first week of admission. Clinical and imaging data were collected prospectively. Results: In total, 142 patients were enrolled in this study. The mean age of participants was 60.69± 15.70 years (range: 30-90 years). Most patients were male (82, 57.7%). Multivariate analysis showed that O2 saturation at admission was independently a predictor of re-hospitalization (P<0.001). RV size (P<0.001), dyslipidemia (P<0.001), ejection fraction (EF) (P<0.001), age (P=0.020), systolic blood pressure (P=0.001), O2 saturation (P=0.018) and diabetes (P=0.025) independently predicted 30-days mortality. Conclusion: Echocardiography can be used for risk assessment in patients with COVID-19, especially in those with previous history of diabetes and dyslipidemia. The infection could result in Ventricular dysfunction, even in those without previous history of structural heart disease.
The Value of Corrective Effect of Human Serum Albumin For The Mortality of Septic Patients With Hypoproteinemia
Authors: Peng Fei , Jian Juan , Lei Si , Zhang Quan , He Zhibiao , Zhong Yanjun , Wu Shangjie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Timely and accurately evaluating the severity and prognosis of sepsis occupy an important position in septic management. The purpose of the article was to investigate the value of corrective effect of human serum albumin (HSA) in assessment on the mortality of septic patients with hypoproteinemia.A retrospective analysis was carried out. A logistic regression model was adopted to analyze the association between the mortality and related risk factors. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were utilized to analyze the abilities of potential risk factors in prediction of the mortality of septic patients with hypoproteinemia. The ratio of total dosage of HSA-to-the difference of serum albumin before and after albumin supplement (THSA/DALB) was significantly increased in non-survivors of septic patients with hypoproteinemia than that in survivors (P <0.001). THSA/DALB (P = 0.018) was an independent risk factor for the mortality of septic patients with hypoproteinemia. ROC analysis showed that area under curve (AUC) of THSA/DALB, SOFA score and APACHE II score were 0.800 , 0.802 and 0.766 , respectively. The data demonstrated that THSA/△ALB could be an independent risk factor in predicting the mortality of septic patients with hypoproteinemia.
Investigation of Oxygen Influence to the Optical Properties of Tirapazamine
Authors: Sarlauskas Jonas , Tulaite Kamile , Tamuliene Jelena 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
New data on 3-amino-1,2,4-benzotriazine 1,4-dioxide (tirapazamine) fluorescence has been obtained using the Perkin–Elmer UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer Lambda 950 experimental technique in combination with the extensive DFT-theory approach. Based on the results obtained, we revealed that theoptical properties of the molecule under study remain significantly unchanged when the number of oxygen substitutions decreases from 2 to 0. Here we also present the results of the study of the influence of acetonitrile and ethyl acetate on the fluorescence of tirapazamine with the different number of oxygen atoms. Results of our investigation indicate the formation of anion in the case of 3-amino-1,2,4-benzotriazine 1,4-dioxide with two oxygen atoms and their transformation to tirapazamine with one oxygen atom.
Green Self-Activating Synthesis System for Porous Carbons; Celery Biomass Wastes as a Typical Case for CO2 Uptake with Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies
Authors: Khowsroshahi Mobin Safarzadeh , Mashhadimoslem Hossein , Emrooz Hosein Banna Motejadded , Ghaemi Ahad , Naghavi Mahsa S Hosseini 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A green self-activating synthesis system (SASS) has been introduced for porous carbons. In the presented system, there is no external support for the activation process, and the activating agents are the circulating gases released during the pyrolysis treatment. As a typical case, this system was used for the synthesis of hierarchical porous carbons from celery wastes in hydroponic greenhouses. Based on the adsorption-desorption results, the optimal porous carbons were synthesized at 700°C, providing a surface area as high as 1126 m2g−1 and micropore volume of approximately 0.7 cm3g−1. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated the presence of graphitic nitrogen in the synthesized porous carbon structure. The synthesized porous carbons were applied as an adsorbent for CO2 capture. CO2 adsorption was performed at low and high pressures at various temperatures. Under low pressures (0-1 bar), the synthesized carbons adsorbed 5 mmolg−1 at 0°C and 2.03 mmolg−1 at 25°C. The adsorption capacity of the synthesized carbon at 25°C and a relatively high pressure of 9.5 bar was 9.57 mmolg−1. Based on the thermodynamic and kinetic models, it was clarified that the adsorption process can be regarded as physisorption with an adsorption enthalpy of 23.2 kJ.mol−1. Additionally, the fractional-order kinetic model was found to be the best match in the kinetic curves. The synthesis system described herein represents a promising strategy for producing green porous carbon from various waste organic precursors.
FHL2 Regulates Proliferation Differentiation and Autophagy of Bovine Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells Through Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhu Yun , Li Peng , Dan Xingang , Kang Xingang , Ma Yun , Shi Yuangang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The mechanism of physiological regulation of bovine skeletal muscle development is a complex process, and FHL2 has been studied in association with β-catenin activity and has previously been reported to play a role in skeletal muscle.However the mechanism of FHL2 action in regulating skeletal muscle development in bovine skeletal myosatellite is unclear. Here, we report that FHL2 can both promote the proliferation and differentiation of bovine myosatellite cells through the wnt signaling pathway and bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells through cellular autophagy. The results of western blotting, rt-qPCT, cell transfection assay showed that FHL2 gene expression was enhanced during the proliferation of skeletal muscle satellite cells, and FHL2 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of bovine satellite cells and promoted the atrophy of myotubes. Furthermore, immunoprecipitation assays yielded that FHL2 knockdown decreased β-catenin activity in BMSCs and activated β-catenin-mediated wnt signaling pathway in combination with DVL-2, and that FHL2 knockdown induced autophagy in bovine satellite cells. Therefore, the FHL2 gene is a key gene in the regulation of bovine satellite cells.
Stress-Induced Despair Behavior Develops Independently of the AHR-RORgt Axis in CD4+ cells
Authors: Rivet-Noor Courtney R. , Merchak Andrea R. , Li Sihan , Beiter Rebecca M. , Lee Sangwoo , Thomas Jalon Aaron , Fernández-Castañeda Anthony , Shin Jung-Bum , Gaultier Alban 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Current treatments for major depressive disorder are limited to neuropharmacological approaches and are ineffective for large numbers of patients. Recently, alternative means have been explored to understand the etiology of depression. Specifically, changes in the microbiome and immune system have been observed in both clinical settings and in mouse models. As such, microbial supplements and probiotics have become a target for potential therapeutics. A current hypothesis for the mechanism of action of these supplements is via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor’s (AHR) modulation of the T helper 17 cell (Th17) and T regulatory cell axis. As inflammatory RORgt+ CD4+ Th17 T cells and their primary cytokine IL-17 have been implicated in the development of stress-induced depression, the connection between stress, the AHR, Th17s and depression remains critical to disease understanding. Here, we utilize genetic knockouts to examine the role of the microbial sensor AHR in the development of stress induced despair behavior. We observe an AHR-independent increase in gut-associated Th17s in stressed mice, indicating that AHR is not responsible for this communication. Further, we utilized a CD4-specific Rorc knockout line to disrupt the production of Th17s. Mice lacking Rorc induced IL-17 did not show any differences in behavior from controls before or after stress. Finally, we utilize an unsupervised machine learning system to examine minute differences in behavior that could not be observed in traditional behavioral assays. Our data demonstrate that neither CD4 specific Ahr nor Rorc are necessary for the development of stress-induced anxiety-or depressive-like behaviors. These data suggest that research approaches should focus on other sources or sites of IL-17 production in stress-induced depression.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study On Non-Axisymmetric Spinning With a Groove At The Middle of The Tube
Authors: Jia Zhen , Wang Xuan , Shen Yongping , Xie Yilian , Gong Xue , Liu Baoming 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Spinning is widely used in aerospace and automobile industries, and non-axisymmetric spinning is developing with the increasing demand of irregular shape forming. Based on this, an avoidance groove at the middle of the tube (AGMT) which has potential application value in aircraft structure weight reduction is proposed and formed by using non-axisymmetric die-less spinning. The roller path is analyzed. The relationship between radial displacement of roller and the rotation angle of the tube is deduced. Based on the roller path, 3D finite element model is established. Then, the AGMT spinning experiment is carried out to verify the simulation results. The maximum deviation between the simulation and experimental results is less than 15%. It is indicated that the 3D finite element model established in this study is reliable and the method for the AGMT forming is feasible. The wall thickness and strain-stress distributions are analyzed. The severe wall thicken and thinning occur in the transition zones, so more attention should be paid to these positions. The depth of the groove has great impact on the forming quality. Deeper groove results in distortion and larger wall thickness difference. The research laid a foundation for the further development and optimization of the AGMT spinning.
Higher Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio is Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Japanese General Male Population
Authors: Kinoshita Hirotaka , Takekawa Daiki , Kudo Takashi , Sawada Kaori , Mikami Tatsuya , Hirota Kazuyoshi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Relationships between the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and/or the platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neuroinflammatory diseases have been reported. Depression is also associated with neuroinflammation. Here, we determined the association between the NLR, PLR, and depression. This cross-sectional study is a secondary analysis of the data of the Iwaki Health Promotion Project 2017. We analyzed the characteristics and laboratory data of 1,015 Japanese subjects (597 females, 408 males) including their NLR and PLR values. We assigned the subjects with a Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score ≥16 to the depression group. We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine whether the NLR and/or PLR were associated with depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥16). Two hundred subjects (19.7%; 122 [20.4%] females, 78 [19.1%] males) were assigned to the depression group. There were significant differences between the depression and non-depression groups in the NLR [median (25th to 75th percentile): 1.54 (1.24, 1.97) vs. 1.76 (1.32, 2.37), p=0.005] and the PLR [median (25th to 75th percentile): 123.7 (102.0, 153.9) vs. 136.8 (107.0, 166.5), p=0.047] in males, but not in females. The multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the NLR was significantly associated with depression in the males (adjusted odds ratio: per 1 increase, 1.570; 95% confidence interval: 1.120–2.220; p=0.009). In conclusion, our findings indicate that higher NLR may be associated with depressive symptoms in males.