bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acoustic wavefront manipulation via transmission-type labyrinth structure
Authors: Wang Rui , Yang Fengbao 
Published: October 2022

In this work, a transmission-type labyrinth structure (LS) is proposed to construct subwavelength acoustic functional metasurfaces, through which various desirable acoustic wavefront manipulation can be achieved in a broadband from 2,700 Hz to 3,900 Hz. By utilizing the excellent guiding property of LS, an invisibility cloak is designed to shield the target scattering body in the transmitted field. In addition, gradient metasurfaces composed of several LSs with different phase responses are constructed to obtain broadband beam deflection and focusing. Moreover, binary coding approach is adopted to further simplify the design philosophy of the metasurfaces by taking advantage of only two kinds of LS with opposite phase responses. Numerous wavefront manipulations including acoustic splitting beam and self-bending beam can be realized by using corresponding coding sequences. Our work provides a solution for multifunctional acoustic wavefront manipulation in a broadband, which may have potential applications in acoustic communication, detection and holography.
High-repetition rate picosecond laser-induced damage properties of Ta2O5:SiO2 coatings
Authors: Zhang Mingxiao , Qiu Fumin , Qiao Zhao , Zhou Qiang , Pu Yunti , Xiong Bingcheng , Die Junhui , Lv Liang , Ma Ping 
Published: October 2022

High-repetition rate laser-induced damage of Ta2O5:SiO2 coatings was investigated at 355 nm wavelength and a repetition rate of 30 kHz. Laser-induced damage thresholds of coatings with different mixture ratios were measured. The relationships between laser-induced damage threshold and the material band gap and defect absorption were analyzed. Laser-induced damage threshold decreased with increase in number of laser pulses owing to enhancement of the absorption. Enhancement of absorption is attributed to the increase in density of mid-state defects induced by the picosecond laser pulses. The relationship between mid-state defects and the material mixture ratio was also analyzed.
Circulating concentrations of glycocalyx degradation products in preeclampsia
Authors: Carlberg Niclas , Cluver Catherine , Hesse Camilla , Thörn Sven-Egron , Gandley Robin , Damén Tor , Bergman Lina 
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives: Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder that affects maternal endothelium. The glycocalyx lines and protects the endothelial surface. In severe systemic diseases, like sepsis, it is shed and glycocalyx degradation products can be detected in increased concentrations in plasma. The aim of this study was to compare circulating concentrations of glycocalyx degradation products in degrees of preeclampsia severity.Study design: In this observational study, we included women from the South African PROVE biobank. Women were divided into normotensive controls, women with preeclampsia without end-organ complications, women with a single end-organ complication and women with multiple end-organ complications. Plasma samples taken at inclusion after diagnosis (preeclampsia cases) or at admission for delivery (normotensive controls) were analyzed with ELISA for syndecan-1, hyaluronic acid and thrombomodulin and compared between groups.Results: Women with preeclampsia (n = 47) had increased plasma concentrations of hyaluronic acid (100.3 ng/ml IQR 54.2–204 vs. 27.0 ng/ml IQR (13.5–66.6), p &lt; 0,001) and thrombomodulin (4.22 ng/ml IQR 3.55–5.17 vs. 3.49 ng/ml IQR 3.01–3.68, p = 0.007) but not syndecan-1 compared with normotensive women (n = 10). There were no differences in plasma concentration in any of these biomarkers in women with preeclampsia with no end-organ complications (n = 10) compared with women with preeclampsia and one end-organ complication (n = 24). Women with preeclampsia with two or more end-organ complications (n = 13) had increased plasma concentrations of thrombomodulin (5.46 ng/ml, IQR 4.85–7.83 vs. 4.66 ng/ml, IQR 3.45–4.88, p = 0.042) compared with women with preeclampsia and no end-organ complications.Conclusion: Thrombomodulin was associated with disease severity and may be valuable for risk-stratifying women with preeclampsia.
Kidney transcriptome response to salinity adaptation in Labeo rohita
Authors: Harshini Vemula , Shukla Nitin , Raval Ishan , Kumar Sujit , Shrivastava Vivek , Patel Amrutlal K. , Joshi Chaitanya G. 
Published: October 2022

The increasing salinization of freshwater resources, owing to global warming, has caused concern to freshwater aquaculturists. In this regard, the present study is aimed at economically important freshwater fish, L. rohita (rohu) adapting to varying degrees of salinity concentrations. The RNA-seq analysis of kidney tissue samples of L. rohita maintained at 2, 4, 6, and 8 ppt salinity was performed, and differentially expressed genes involved in various pathways were studied. A total of 755, 834, 738, and 716 transcripts were downregulated and 660, 926, 576, and 908 transcripts were up-regulated in 2, 4, 6, and 8 ppt salinity treatment groups, respectively, with reference to the control. Gene ontology enrichment analysis categorized the differentially expressed genes into 69, 154, 92, and 157 numbers of biological processes with the p value &lt; 0.05 for 2, 4, 6, and 8 ppt salinity groups, respectively, based on gene functions. The present study found 26 differentially expressed solute carrier family genes involved in ion transportation and glucose transportation which play a significant role in osmoregulation. In addition, the upregulation of inositol-3-phosphate synthase 1A (INO1) enzyme indicated the role of osmolytes in salinity acclimatization of L. rohita. Apart from this, the study has also found a significant number of genes involved in the pathways related to salinity adaptation including energy metabolism, calcium ion regulation, immune response, structural reorganization, and apoptosis. The kidney transcriptome analysis elucidates a step forward in understanding the osmoregulatory process in L. rohita and their adaptation to salinity changes.
Case report: Dancing in the dark: A critical single case study engaging a blind father in the rehabilitation journey of his visually impaired child
Authors: Provenzi Livio , Pettenati Giada , Luparia Antonella , Paini Daria , Aprile Giorgia , Morelli Federica , Mascherpa Eleonora , Vercellino Luisa , Grumi Serena , Signorini Sabrina 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundFace-to-face visual contact is a key component of the early parent-child interaction, therefore a visual impairment condition of the parent or the child represents a risk factor for dyadic patterns' development.AimsThe study presents a critical single case of a blind father and a 18-month-old visually impaired child. The study aims to explore changes in the relational functioning of this dyad during an early family-centered intervention.Methods and proceduresTen parent-child sessions were videotaped and micro-analytically coded. Data were analyzed through a State Space Grid crossing child's social cues and types of father verbalizations.Outcomes and resultsFindings showed a stable increase in the amount of child social cues over time. Moreover, the dyad exhibited progressive changes in dyadic regulation, stability, and organization. The return time to the “active interaction” region of interest decreased progressively. A reduction was observed also for the time spent by the dyad in the region “no vocal contact.”Conclusions and implicationsThis critical single case highlighted the benefits of parental engagement in early interventions for the dyadic regulation in parent-child interaction.
Effect of low frequency sound vibration on acute stress response in university students—Pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kantor Jiří , Vilímek Zdeněk , Vítězník Martin , Smrčka Pavel , Campbell Elsa A. , Bucharová Monika , Grohmannová Jana , Špinarová Gabriela , Janíčková Kateřina , Du Jian , Li Jiaoli , Janátová Markéta , Regec Vojtěch , Krahulcová Kristýna , Kantorová Lucia 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundLow frequency sound (LFS, combined with music listening) is applied by practitioners in vibroacoustic therapy who report a positive effect of this intervention on acute stress response. However, there is a lack of research on this topic and studies with mainly objective measurements are scarce.Materials and methodsIn this pilot double-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial we used a multimodal approach to measurement of acute stress response in 54 international university students attending a university summer school in Olomouc, the Czech Republic who were individually randomized into a group receiving LFS vibration and a control group. In both groups, the acute stress response was measured by heart rate variability (HRV), visual analogue scales (VAS) for stress and muscle relaxation.ResultsDifferences were found in pre-test post-test measures, however, between groups differences occurred only for HRV, with statistically significant improvement in the experimental group (parameter LF/HF and pNN50).ConclusionVibroacoustic therapy has the potential to contribute to the stress management of university students. Further research is needed to explore the effect of LFS on stress response, especially when applied without additional music listening.
Stressors and difficulties perceived during the pandemic in the teaching activity of nursing professors
Authors: Losa-Iglesias Marta , Jimenez-Fernandez Raquel , Corral-Liria Inmaculada , Herraiz-Soria Elena , Rodriguez-Vazquez Rocio , Becerro-De-Bengoa-Vallejo Ricardo 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has prompted several changes in teaching methods in addition to the ways of learning by students.ObjectiveTo check whether a relationship between factors, such as resilience, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, academic stressors, and a change in teaching methods and learning since the first epidemic outbreak exists.Materials and methodsThis study was a cross-sectional descriptive one with a non-random sample of nursing degree teachers who did or did not participate in clinical activities but had been teaching online since the start of the pandemic. Data were collected with online questionnaires validated for self-completion with Google Forms.ResultsRegarding the analysis of the descriptive data of each scale, we can verify that data indicate very high levels of resilience and self-esteem in the normal range with minimal levels of depression, moderate anxiety, and finally not worrying about sources of stress in teachers. Also, negative correlations were found between the 10 Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI 2), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Scale of Sources of Stress in Teachers with a statistical significance of p &lt; 0.001. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale also showed negative correlations with the three previously mentioned scales with a statistical significance of p &lt; 0.001. Finally, positive correlations between the Beck (BDI 2), Beck (BAI), and Sources of Stress in Teachers scales and between the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale and the 10 CD RISC scale were found (p &lt; 0.001).DiscussionOur study shows that nursing degree teachers combine teaching with activities and presented moderate levels of anxiety, depression, and tolerance to academic stressors and were able to maintain optimal levels of self-esteem and resilience, indicating that these two factors act as protectors against these stressors.Tweetable abstractNursing teachers presented moderate levels of anxiety, depression, and academic stressors due to optimal levels of self-esteem and resilience.
“It hurt but it helped”: A mixed methods audit of the implementation of trauma- focused cognitive-behavioral therapy for psychosis
Authors: Hardy Amy , Good Sophie , Dix Jayde , Longden Eleanor 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundEmerging evidence supports the safety, acceptability, and efficacy of trauma therapies for people experiencing post-traumatic stress and psychosis, despite common concerns about iatrogenic harm when processing trauma memories for this population. However, to date there have been no mixed-method studies examining whether trauma-focused therapy can be implemented in routine care. This study reports an audit of a post-traumatic stress in psychosis clinic based in an inner-city trust in the U.K. National Health Service.Materials and methodsPeople under the care of psychosis community mental health teams with a significant history of past trauma were referred to the clinic by their multidisciplinary clinicians. Referral outcomes were recorded, including the proportion of people for whom trauma-focused cognitive-behavior therapy for psychosis was indicated. Post-traumatic stress symptoms were assessed pre- and post-therapy for clinically significant change on the Post-traumatic Stress Checklist (version 4) and Post-traumatic Stress Checklist (version 5). A subgroup of service users was also interviewed about their experience of therapy, with transcripts analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsSeventy one service-users were referred to the clinic between 2014 and 2018, of which 51 (71.8%) attended an assessment. Of these, 20 (39.2%) were identified as having clinically significant PTSD symptoms with re-experiencing and were offered trauma-focused cognitive-behavior therapy for psychosis. Sixteen (80%) accepted and completed therapy, with no dropouts, and received a mean of 17.54 sessions (SD = 17.60, range = 12–91). There were no serious adverse events related to therapy. Clinically significant change was observed in 68.8% (n= 11) of the therapy group and post-therapy six people (37.5%) no longer met the threshold for clinically significant PTSD. Six service users completed an interview about their therapy experiences with findings organized within four main themes and associated subthemes: (1) Perseverance, (2) Establishing safety, (3) The challenges of therapy, and (4) Rebuilding one’s life after trauma.ConclusionTrauma-focused cognitive-behavior therapy for psychosis can be safe, acceptable, and effective when implemented in routine care. Lived experience perspectives highlight the emotional demands of therapy and long-term impact of trauma, thus underscoring the necessity of sufficient support and continuity of care both during and after therapy.
Role of leukocytes, gender, and symptom domains in the influence of depression on hospitalization and mortality risk: Findings from the Moli-sani study
Authors: Gialluisi Alessandro , Bracone Francesca , Costanzo Simona , Santonastaso Federica , Di Castelnuovo Augusto , Orlandi Sabatino , Magnacca Sara , De Curtis Amalia , Cerletti Chiara , Donati Maria Benedetta , de Gaetano Giovanni , Iacoviello Licia 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundMajor depressive disorder is a mental illness associated with chronic conditions like cardiovascular disease (CVD). Circulating inflammation has been proposed as a potential mechanism underlying this link, although the role of specific biomarkers, gender, and symptom domains is not well elucidated.MethodsWe performed multivariable Cox regressions of first hospitalization/all-cause mortality and CVD, ischemic heart (IHD), and cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) causes vs. depression severity in an Italian population cohort (N = 13,191; age ≥ 35 years; 49.3% men; 4,856 hospitalizations and 471 deaths, median follow-up 7.28 and 8.24 years, respectively). In models adjusted for age, sex, and socioeconomic status, we estimated the proportion of association explained by C-reactive protein (CRP), platelet count, granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR), and white blood cell count (WBC). Gender-by-depression interaction and gender-stratified analyses were performed. Associations of polychoric factors tagging somatic and cognitive symptoms with incident clinical risks were also tested, as well as the proportion explained by a composite index of circulating inflammation (INFLA score).ResultsSignificant proportions of the influence of depression on clinical risks were explained by CRP (4.8% on IHD hospitalizations), GLR (11% on all-cause mortality), and WBC (24% on IHD/CeVD hospitalizations). Gender-by-depression interaction was significantly associated only with all-cause mortality (p = 0.03), with moderate depression showing a + 60% increased risk in women, but not in men. Stable associations of somatic, but not of cognitive, symptoms with increased hospitalization risk were observed (+ 16% for all causes, + 14% for CVD causes), with INFLA score explaining small but significant proportions of these associations (2.5% for all causes, 8.6% for IHD causes).ConclusionsThese findings highlight the importance of cellular components of inflammation, gender, and somatic depressive symptoms in the link between depression and clinical (especially CVD) risks, pointing to the existence of additional pathways through which depression may play a detrimental effect on the cardiovascular system.
Long-term effect of transcranial direct current stimulation in the treatment of chronic tinnitus: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Mares Tadeas , Albrecht Jakub , Buday Jozef , Podgorna Gabriela , Le Thai Hong , Magyarova Eva , Poshor Katerina , Halik Jakub , Buna Jan , Capek Vaclav , Kostylkova Lenka , Klasova Johana , Fabian Vratislav , Anders Martin 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionTinnitus is an intrusive and chronic illness affecting a significant portion of the population, decreasing affected individuals’ quality of life and socioeconomic functioning. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulatory method utilizing weak electrical currents to elicit short and long-term central nervous system changes. Several studies have proven its effect on tinnitus. We aimed to broaden the knowledge and provide data on the effect and its retention.MethodsIn the randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled trial, 39 patients (active n = 19, sham n = 20) underwent bifrontal tDCS (anode over right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), cathode left DLPFC, current of 1.5 mA, 20 min, 6 sessions in 2 weeks). Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI), Iowa Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire (ITHQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and WHO-Quality of Life-BREF were employed in 4 evaluation points, including the follow-ups of 6 weeks and 6 months.ResultsWe reached a delayed, significant long-term improvement (p &lt; 0.05) in auditory difficulties associated with tinnitus and noticed it even after 6 months compared to placebo. We also reached a short-term, negative effect in the psychological domain of WHO-Quality of Life-BREF (p &lt; 0.05). Not all subdomains of TFI and ITHQ reached statistical significance during the data analysis, even though specific positive trends were noticed.ConclusionWe proved partial, positive, long-term effects of tDCS on tinnitus and short-term, negative, transient effect on a specific aspect of the general quality of life. We expanded upon the results of previous trials and provided data concerning the longevity and the precise effect of multiple sessions, bifrontal DLPFC tDCS. Our sample size (n = 39) was limited, which might have contributed to the lesser statistical power of the analyzed items.Clinical trial registration[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT05437185].
Effectiveness of the Fiocruz recombinant ChadOx1-nCoV19 against variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the Municipality of Botucatu-SP
Authors: Costa Clemens Sue Ann , Fortaleza Carlos Magno Castelo Branco , Crowe Madeleine , Tasca Karen Ingrid , Spadaro André Gasparini , Souza-Neto Jayme Augusto , Grotto Rejane Maria Tommasini , Sider Regina , Jimeno Jose , Verstraeten Thomas , Clemens Ralf 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionAs the COVID-19 pandemic progresses, rapidly emerging variants of concern raise fears that currently licensed vaccines may have reduced effectiveness against these new strains. In the municipality of Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, a mass vaccination campaign using ChadOx1-nCoV19 was initiated on 16th of May 2021, targeting people 18–60 years old. Two vaccine doses were offered 12 weeks apart, with the second delivered on 8th of August, 2021. This setting offered a unique opportunity to assess the effectiveness of two ChadOx1-nCoV19 doses in a real-life setting.Materials and methodsData on testing, hospitalization, symptoms, demographics, and vaccination were obtained from the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu. A test-negative study design was employed; whereby the odds of being vaccinated among cases vs controls were calculated to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE; 1-OR). All individuals aged 18–60 who received a PCR test after the 16th of May and were unvaccinated prior to this date were included in the analysis until the study ended in mid-November 2021.Results77,683 citizens of Botucatu aged 18–60 received the first dose, and 74,051 received a second ChadOx1-nCoV19 dose 12 weeks later for a vaccination coverage of 84.2 and 80.2%, respectively. Of 7.958 eligible PCR tests, 2.109 were positive and 5.849 negative. The VE against any symptomatic infection was estimated at 39.2%, 21 days after dose 1, and 74.5%, 14 days after dose 2. There were no COVID-19-related hospitalizations or deaths among the 74,051 fully vaccinated individuals. The VE against severe disease was estimated at 70.8 and 100% after doses 1 and 2, respectively. 90.5% of all lineages sequenced between doses 1 and 2 (16th of May−7th of August) were of the Gamma variant, while 83.0% were of the Delta variant during the second period after dose 2 (8th of August−18th of November).DiscussionThis observational study found the effectiveness of ChadOx1-nCoV19 to be 74.5% against COVID-19 disease of any severity, comparable to the efficacy observed in clinical trials (81.3% after dose 2), despite the dominance of the Gamma and Delta VoCs. No COVID-19-related hospitalizations or deaths in fully vaccinated individuals were reported.