bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender diversity, sustainability reporting, CEO overconfidence, and efficient risk‐taking: Evidence from South Asian agri‐food industry
Authors: Yahya Farzan , Meiling Li , Lee Chien‐Chiang , Waqas Muhammad , Shaohua Zhang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article aims to understand the impact of board gender diversity (BGD) on the firm's deviation from efficient risk‐taking (DERT) along with the mediating effect of sustainability reporting and the moderating effect of CEO overconfidence. The sample consists of 77 South Asian agri‐food firms over the period 2010–2019. To account for endogeneity and other statistical biases, we use a system GMM approach. The results show that there is a non‐monotonic relationship between BGD and DERT. Consistent with critical mass theory, we find that at least three women on board (WOB) are required to reduce the firm's DERT. The findings of the study also reveal that the overconfident CEO may restrict the female directors to achieve the firm's efficient risk‐taking. The evidence further suggests that sustainability reporting quality (SRQ) does not mediate the link between BGD and a firm's DERT. The robustness tests are performed based on alternative risk proxy and the likelihood of financial distress. Our results theoretically support stakeholder, critical mass, and agency perspective that South Asian capital markets should enhance the representation of WOB to mitigate agency conflicts and to improve long‐term firm sustainability.
An intelligent sustainable efficient transmission internet protocol to switch between User Datagram Protocol and Transmission Control Protocol in IoT computing
Authors: Mahmoodi Khaniabadi Shadi , Javadpour Amir , Gheisari Mehdi , Zhang Weizhe , Liu Yang , Sangaiah Arun Kumar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractToday, Internet of things (IoT), Cloud and Fog networks have spread out around the world. The more these networks grow, the more their energy consumption comes to attention. Many efforts have been made during recent years to decrease this energy consumption, mainly focused on utilizing low‐power devices. Green algorithms are recently proposed to reduce energy consumption by modifying the structure of many algorithms employed in the network and its protocols. This paper proposes a new green reliability algorithm for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP protocol) in Fog computing. The proposed algorithm does not require extensive TCP/IP protocol changes or relevant hardware. It is based on transferring less number of packets in the network by using the advantage of differences between TCP and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). TCP and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) are different in nature as the number of total packets in UDP is half that of TCP. As a result, the number of complete packets in UDP is half that of TCP. The proposed method is built around the loss of some packets in applications, such as voice and online video, does not severely degrade the end results. Therefore, the UDP protocol can substitute TCP in such situations. The criterion to switch between the two is the minimum acceptable Quality of Service (QoS) of the overall network. In other words, the UDP protocol will be used as long as QoS requirements are met. The switching process between UDP and TCP is dynamic, optimized by estimating network noise in the period. Additionally, we evaluated the proposed method based on several QoS functions, including delay, throughput, and energy usage.
Increasing threat of wildfires: the year 2020 in perspective: A Global Ecology and Biogeography special issue
Authors: Nolan Rachael H. , Anderson Liana O. , Poulter Benjamin , Varner J. Morgan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimEach year, wild and managed fires burn roughly 4 million km2 [~400 million hectares (Mha)] of savanna, forest, grassland and agricultural ecosystems. Land use and climate change have altered fire regimes throughout the world, with a trend toward higher‐severity fires found from Australia, the Americas, Europe and Asia, to the Arctic. In 2020, there were notable catastrophic fires in Australia (in the 2019/20 Austral fire season), the Western United States, South America and Siberia. These fires defined much of the global fire year and were compounded by the socio‐economic disruption of the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic.LocationGlobal.Time period2020.Major taxa studiedFlora and fauna.MethodsThe Global Ecology and Biogeography special issue, ‘Increasing threat of wildfires: the year 2020 in perspective’, includes 18 papers that catalogue these fire events, their drivers and their impacts on flora and fauna.ResultsCollectively, these papers highlight the importance of fire response traits, exposure and sensitivity to interacting threats in determining fire impacts.Main conclusionsThe scale of the 2020 megafires has helped identify new research areas required to more comprehensively assess fire impacts on biodiversity and biogeochemistry and to inform ecosystem management.
Short‐term stroke risk after emergency department treat‐and‐release headache visit
Authors: Liberman Ava L. , Zhang Cenai , Lipton Richard B. , Kamel Hooman , Parikh Neal S. , Navi Babak B. , Segal Alan Z. , Razzak Junaid , Newman‐Toker David E. , Merkler Alexander E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate whether patients discharged to home after an emergency department (ED) visit for headache face a heightened short‐term risk of stroke.BackgroundStroke hospitalizations that occur soon after ED visits for headache complaints may reflect diagnostic error.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using statewide administrative claims data for all ED visits and admissions at nonfederal hospitals in Florida 2005–2018 and New York 2005–2016. Using standard International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes, we identified adult patients discharged to home from the ED (treat‐and‐release visit) with a benign headache diagnosis (cohort of interest) as well as those with a diagnosis of renal colic or back pain (negative controls). The primary study outcome was hospitalization within 30 days for stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) defined using validated ICD codes. We assess the relationship between index ED visit discharge diagnosis and stroke hospitalization adjusting for patient demographics and vascular comorbidities.ResultsWe identified 1,502,831 patients with an ED treat‐and‐release headache visit; mean age was 41 (standard deviation: 17) years and 1,044,520 (70%) were female. A total of 2150 (0.14%) patients with headache were hospitalized for stroke within 30 days. In adjusted analysis, stroke risk was higher after headache compared to renal colic (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.69; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.29–3.16) or back pain (HR: 4.0; 95% CI: 3.74–4.3). In the subgroup of 26,714 (1.78%) patients with headache who received brain magnetic resonance imaging at index ED visit, stroke risk was only slightly elevated compared to renal colic (HR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.22–1.78) or back pain (HR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.24–1.80).ConclusionApproximately 1 in 700 patients discharged to home from the ED with a headache diagnosis had a stroke in the following month. Stroke risk was three to four times higher after an ED visit for headache compared to renal colic or back pain.
Update on platelet procoagulant mechanisms in health and in bleeding disorders
Authors: Bourguignon Alex , Tasneem Subia , Hayward Catherine P. M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPlatelet procoagulant mechanisms are emerging to be complex and important to achieving haemostasis. The mechanisms include the release of procoagulant molecules from platelet storage granules, and strong agonist‐induced expression of procoagulant phospholipids on the outer platelet membrane for tenase and prothrombinase assembly. The release of dense granule polyphosphate is important to platelet procoagulant function as it promotes the activation of factors XII, XI and V, inhibits tissue factor pathway inhibitor and fibrinolysis, and strengthens fibrin clots. Platelet procoagulant function also involves the release of partially activated factor V from platelets. Scott syndrome has provided important insights on the mechanisms that regulate procoagulant phospholipids expression on the external platelet membrane, which require strong agonist stimulation that increase cystolic calcium levels, mitochondrial calcium uptake, the loss of flippase function and activation of the transmembrane scramblase protein anoctamin 6. There have been advances in the methods used to directly and indirectly assess platelet procoagulant function in health and disease. Assessments of thrombin generation with platelet rich plasma samples has provided new insights on how platelet procoagulant function is altered in inherited platelet disorders, and how platelets influence the bleeding phenotype of a number of severe coagulation factor deficiencies. Several therapies, including desmopressin and recombinant factor VIIa, improve thrombin generation by platelets. There is growing interest in targeting platelet procoagulant function for therapeutic benefit. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of platelet‐dependent procoagulant mechanisms in health and in bleeding disorders.
Diagnosis and treatment of thrombotic microangiopathy
Authors: Thompson Gemma L. , Kavanagh David 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is characterized by thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia and end organ damage. TMAs have varying underlying pathophysiology and can therefore present with an array of clinical presentations. Renal involvement is common as the kidney is particularly susceptible to the endothelial damage and microvascular occlusion. TMAs require rapid assessment, diagnosis, and commencement of appropriate treatment due to the high morbidity and mortality associated with them. Ground‐breaking research into the pathogenesis of TMAs over the past 20 years has driven the successful development of targeted therapeutics revolutionizing patient outcomes. This review outlines the clinical presentations, pathogenesis, diagnostic tests and treatments for TMAs.
Thou Shalt not Lie! Exploring and testing countermeasures against faking intentions and faking in selection interviews
Authors: Bill Benedikt , Melchers Klaus G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMany applicants use faking in interviews to present themselves more favorably than they really are. There is widespread concern that this may affect interview validity. As previous research on countermeasures is sparse, we conducted an exploratory study to identify the most promising countermeasures. For technology‐mediated interviews, these were warnings referring to a criterion‐based content analysis and lie detection algorithms focusing on nonverbal or paraverbal cues. For face‐to‐face interviews, these were objective questions and a personable interviewer. We then investigated the effects of these countermeasures on faking intentions in two experimental vignette studies and on faking in another simulated interview study. However, none of the countermeasures could reduce faking intentions or faking. Additionally, in the vignette studies, warnings impaired applicant reactions.
Evolutionary divergence in phenotypic plasticity shapes brain size variation between coexisting sunfish ecotypes
Authors: Axelrod Caleb J. , Robinson Beren W. , Laberge Frédéric 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMechanisms that generate brain size variation and the consequences of such variation on ecological performance are poorly understood in most natural animal populations. We use a reciprocal‐transplant common garden experiment and foraging performance trials to test for brain size plasticity and the functional consequences of brain size variation in Pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) ecotypes that have diverged between nearshore littoral and offshore pelagic lake habitats. Different age‐classes of wild‐caught juveniles from both habitats were exposed for 6 months to treatments that mimicked littoral and pelagic foraging. Plastic responses in oral jaw size suggested that treatments mimicked natural habitat‐specific foraging conditions. Plastic brain size responses to foraging manipulations differed between ecotypes, as only pelagic sourced fish showed brain size plasticity. Only pelagic juveniles under 1 year‐old expressed this plastic response, suggesting that plastic brain size responses decline with age and so may be irreversible. Finally, larger brain size was associated with enhanced foraging performance on live benthic but not pelagic prey, providing the first experimental evidence of a relationship between brain size and prey‐specific foraging performance in fishes. The recent post‐glacial origin of these ecotypes suggests that brain size plasticity can rapidly evolve and diverge in fish under contrasting ecological conditions.
Effect of sub‐lethal treatment of carvacrol and thymol on virulence potential and resistance to several bactericidal treatments of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Kim Yu‐Min , Shin Minjung , Kang Jun‐Won , Kang Dong‐Hyun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study examined the changes in biofilm‐formation ability, hemolytic/lipase/nuclease/protease activities, and resistance to various bactericidal treatments of Staphylococcus aureus after sublethal treatment with carvacrol and thymol. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of carvacrol and thymol for S. aureus were 0.4 and 0.3 mg/ml, respectively, and sublethal concentrations (1/2 and 1/4 MIC) were determined based on these concentrations. Sublethal treatment with carvacrol and thymol did not change the protease and lipase activities but reduced the hemolytic and nuclease activities of S. aureus. After sublethal treatment with carvacrol and thymol, the biofilm‐formation ability of S. aureus was decreased, which was found to be due to the decrease in cell surface hydrophobicity. In addition, after sublethal treatment with carvacrol and thymol, the resistance of S. aureus to heating and malic acid treatments increased, whereas resistance to ultraviolet and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) decreased, and resistance to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) did not change. The results of this study show that sublethal treatment with carvacrol and thymol can effectively suppress some virulence factors of S. aureus and that applying HOCl or ultraviolet radiation would be an effective subsequent treatment to inactivate S. aureus after sublethal treatment.
Safety and efficacy of a new hydrogel based on hyaluronic acid as cosmeceutical for xerosis
Authors: Ha Nam Gyoung , Lee Seon Hwa , Lee Eun Hye , Chang Minyoul , Yoo Jeongsoo , Lee Weon Ju 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundHyaluronic acid (HA) is among the most effective and safe ingredients frequently used in cosmetics. However, a more economical and efficient formulation is still required.ObjectiveWe sought to assess the safety and efficacy of a novel hydrogel manufactured only by irradiation containing cross‐linked HA and polyethylene glycol polymers with addition of polysiloxane.MethodsThe study included 30 people with normal skin and 30 patients with xerosis. In the normal skin group, to evaluate the safety, a patch test and a photopatch test were performed, and patients' discomfort was investigated. In those with xerosis, to assess the efficacy, a skin barrier function test was performed at baseline and at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after the application of the novel hydrogel. Additionally, the xerosis severity scale (XSS), patient satisfaction, Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA), and adverse responses were evaluated.ResultsIn the safety study, there was no significant discomfort in the experimental group compared with the control group. In the efficacy study, at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after the application of the novel hydrogel, the mean value of skin hydration and sebum content increased and the mean value of XSS decreased with time in the experimental group, and a difference was observed when compared with the control group. IGA showed improvement in 97%, 77%, and 80% at each visit and the proportions of satisfied patients were 90%, 87%, and 90%, respectively.ConclusionsThe novel HA‐based hydrogel tested herein could be a safe and effective therapeutic remedy for xerosis.
Clinical update on cutaneous and subcutaneous sarcomas
Authors: Kumari Jyoti , Das Kinnor , Patil Anant , Babaei Mahsa , Cockerell Clay J. , Goldust Mohamad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous sarcomas are uncommon cancers that can have a wide range of clinical symptoms and lead to considerable cutaneous as well as systemic morbidity.AimThe objective of this review article is to discuss epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and therapy of different types of cutaneous sarcomas.Material and methodsLiterature was screened to retrieve articles from PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar and related websites. Cross‐references from the relevant articles were also considered for review. Review articles, clinical studies, systematic reviews, meta‐analyses, and relevant information from selected websites were included.Results and discussionCutaneous sarcomas have a negative effect on the quality of life. In their diagnosis, clinical presentation and histological evaluation are crucial. Complete surgical removal is the solution for more or less all cutaneous and subcutaneous sarcomas. The prognosis for cutaneous sarcomas is generally favorable since they tend to recur locally with distant metastases only on rare occasions. Patients having advanced disease should be treated in the setting of clinical trials if possible; choices include radiation therapy and systemic medicines. The value of innovative immunotherapy cannot be determined decisively at this time due to a paucity of relevant trials.ConclusionAs cutaneous sarcomas are rarely diagnosed based on clinical findings, histology plays an important role in the diagnosis. They have a relatively favorable prognosis if treated properly. Patients should be treated at specialized centres.
What we need to know about uncertainty in illness among people with primary malignant brain tumours: A mixed‐methods systematic review
Authors: Hong Soomin , Lee JuHee , Lee Jiyeon , Chang Jong Hee , Park Chang Gi , Kim Tae Hee 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo identify the characteristics of uncertainty in illness (UI) among people with primary malignant brain tumours (PMBT).BackgroundHigh recurrence rates and complex symptoms cause uncertainty in people with PMBT. Given the characteristics of PMBT, reviewing UI among people with PMBT will benefit future research and clinical intervention development.DesignA mixed‐methods systematic review.MethodsWe performed a mixed‐methods systematic review (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus and Cochrane Library), including studies on UI among people with PMBT, searched from the databases' inception to the search date. The initial search was conducted in July 2021, with an additional search in March 2022. The major search terms were PMBT and UI, and no limitations were placed on the study design. The Cochrane tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias in randomised controlled trials, and JBI checklists were used to evaluate quasi‐experimental studies, survey methodology studies and a case study. This review was reported using the PRISMA 2020 checklist. Both quantitative and qualitative research data were extracted, analysed and then integrated in three stages of a mixed‐methods systematic review.ResultsEleven studies were included. Due to physical, psychological and social risk factors, the UI progression of people with PMBT was complex and ambiguous, although they adapted to the PMBT diagnosis and treatment process. Subsequently, we proposed a model of UI among people with PMBT.ConclusionsUI has multidimensional characteristics, and healthcare providers need to consider these aspects for people with PMBT.Relevance to clinical practiceThe proposed model provides directions for nursing practice and future research. Nurses caring for people with PMBT should comprehend their UI and intervene accordingly.Patient or public contributionThis review incorporated data including people with PMBT in hospitals and communities. This analysis contributes to the clinical‐to‐community nursing transition process for people with PMBT.
Career Booster or Dead End? Entrepreneurial Failure and Its Consequences for Subsequent Corporate Careers
Authors: Rieger Verena , Wilken Jana , Engelen Andreas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHuman capital theory establishes that the human capital gained in prior work experience, such as in traditional corporations, is associated with subsequent entrepreneurial success. However, this perspective does not accommodate increasingly boundaryless careers, during which individuals switch between career tracks in both directions. As a result, research to date is unable to explain whether experience with entrepreneurial failure drives corporate career success. We extend existing human capital research by theorizing that and testing empirically whether entrepreneurial activity builds human capital that is conducive to a subsequent corporate career, even when the new venture fails. We provide two main studies, a résumé experiment with 80 recruiters and a study with a matched sample of 326 failed entrepreneurs and comparable graduates who started a career in a corporation, that support this notion. We find that failed entrepreneurs can have a corporate career advantage over those graduates who started a career in a corporation.
How to deal with sleep problems during heatwaves: practical recommendations from the European Insomnia Network
Authors: Altena Ellemarije , Baglioni Chiara , Sanz‐Arigita Ernesto , Cajochen Christian , Riemann Dieter 
Published: September 2022

SummaryHeatwaves are occurring more frequently and are known to affect particularly night‐time temperatures. We review here literature on how night‐time ambient temperature changes affect body temperature and sleep quality. We then discuss how these temperature effects impact particularly vulnerable populations such as older adults, children, pregnant women, and those with psychiatric conditions. Several ways of dealing with sleep problems in the context of heatwaves are then suggested, adapted from elements of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia, with more specific advice for vulnerable populations. By better dealing with sleep problems during heatwaves, general health effects of heatwaves may be more limited. However, given the sparse literature, many links addressed in this review on sleep problems affected by temperature changes should be the focus of future research.
Congregation Shopping During the Pandemic: A Research Note
Authors: Higgins Nicholas J. , Djupe Paul A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic provided perhaps the perfect storm to shake up American religion. Congregations closed for a time, the majority offered services online, and people seemed willing to engage with web worship. Moreover, the country was as divided as ever, polarized around the most divisive president in the modern era. In this research note, we focus on data from the middle of the peak of the pandemic (October 2020) to assess the degree to which individuals shopped for new congregations, the degree to which politics and church closures motivated that search, and whether congregational leaving grew during this period. Congregational leaving is perhaps a third greater than normal and shopping appears much higher than normal. Notably, shoppers are not necessarily leavers, and political differences play a role, particularly in the decision to leave among marginal members.