bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LA OBJETIVACIÓN DEL RECURSO DE AMPARO: UNA NECESIDAD INELUDIBLE
Authors: CARRILLO LÓPEZ MARC 
Published: March 2022

La reforma del recurso de amparo contemplada en la L. O. 6/2007, de 24 de mayo, de reforma del Tribunal Constitucional, constituye una respuesta al riesgo de que la jurisdicción constitucional devenga un bien escaso, como ya advirtió en el pasado la doctrina alemana respecto del Tribunal de Karsluhe. La configuración del trámite de admisión del recurso como un juicio de admisibilidad en sentido positivo, la objetivación del amparo y la ampliación del ámbito material del incidente de nulidad de actuaciones del art. 241.1 (LOPJ), son elementos que pueden resultar positivos para evitar que la jurisdicción constitucional pierda su identidad. Pero la reforma obliga a un cambio en la lógica del juicio de constitucionalidad de los derechos fundamentales. Además, para que aquélla prospere, se precisa una revisión del sistema de tutela de los derechos por los tribunales ordinarios, al objeto de unificar los diversos procedimientos y una mejora de la justicia cautelar.
Konstituzio Auzitegiaren erreformari buruzko maiatzaren 24ko 6/2007 Lege Organikoak jasotzen duen babes-errekurtsoaren erreformaren helburu da jurisdikzio konstituzionala ondasun urria ez dadin bihur, eta horretaz Alemaniako doktrinak ohartarazi zuen Karsluheko Auzitegiari buruz lehenago ere. Jurisdikzio konstituzionalak bere nortasuna gal ez dezan honako elementu hauek positiboak gerta daitezke: errekurtsoa izapidetzeko onarpena aldeko onargarritasun-iritzitzat jotzea, babesa modu objektiboan hartzea, eta 241. 1 (BJLO) artikuluko jardunen deuseztasunaren intzidentearen gai-eremua zabaltzea Baina erreformak oinarrizko eskubideen konstituzio-epaiketaren logikan aldaketa bat eskatzen du. Gainera, hark aurrera egin dezan, auzitegi arrunten eskubideen tutoretzaren sistema berraztertu behar da, prozedurak bateratze aldera, eta kautelazko justizia hobetzeko.
The reform of the appeal for Constitutional right¿s legal protection (amparo) contemplated in the L. O. 6/2007, of 24 of May, of reform of the Constitutional Court, it constitutes an answer to the risk of the constitutional jurisdiction being entitled to a scarce good, as it already noticed in the past the German doctrine as for the Court of Karsluhe. The configuration of the formality of admission of the appeal as a judgment of admissibility in positive meaning, the objectivation of the protection and the enlargement of the material area of the incident of nullity of performances of the art. 241.1 (LOPJ), are elements that can be positive to avoid that the constitutional jurisdiction loses its identity. But the reform obliges to a change in the logic
of the judgment of constitutionality of the basic rights. Besides, so that prospers, a revision of the system of protection of the laws is needed by the ordinary courts, to the object of unifying the different procedures and an improvement of the precautionary justice.
LOS SUPUESTOS DE EXENCIÓN DE RESPONSABILIDAD DE LOS TITULARES DE SUELOS CONTAMINADOS. ESPECIAL REFERENCIA A LA LEGISLACIÓN DEL PAÍS VASCO
Authors: GUTIÉRREZ HERNÁNDEZ MARÍA JOSÉ , PÉREZ DAPENA IGNACIO 
Published: March 2022

El artículo analiza diversas cuestiones relativas al régimen jurídico de los suelos contaminados y en particular a los supuestos en los que sus titulares deben asumir las operaciones de limpieza y recuperación y el alcance temporal de esta obligación. Al no ser la regulación legal lo suficientemente clara, son muchas las dudas planteadas en la práctica y las opiniones doctrinales contrapuestas. Sin embargo, existen recientes normas autonómicas, como
las dictadas en el País Vasco, que han suavizado el rigor de la legislación estatal al introducir importantes matizaciones a la obligación de los propietarios de asumir las operaciones de recuperación cuando la contaminación proceda de actividades realizadas en el pasado bajo la preceptiva licencia o conforme al estado de la ciencia entonces existente. Esta tendencia se ha visto confirmada por la Ley de Responsabilidad Medioambiental, cuyo ámbito de aplicación es parcialmente coincidente con el de la regulación de los suelos contaminados.
Lan honek kutsatutako lurzoruen araubide jurudikoaren inguruko zenbait gai aztertzen du, bereziki, kutsatutako lurzoru horien titular diren pertsonek garbiketa eta berreskuraketa lanak bere gain hartu behar dituzten kasuak eta betebehar horren denbora edukia. Legezko araubidea ez denez desiragarria litzatekeen bezain argia, asko dira praktikan sortutako zalantzak eta asko ere bai doktrinaren iritzi kontrajarriak. Halaber, azkenaldian ugari dira erkidego mailako arauak, besteak beste Euskal Herrian emandakoak, arestian lizentzia baten babespean edota orduko zientziaren egoerarekin bat etorriz buruturiko jardueren ondorioz jabeek bere gain hartu behar dituzten berreskuratze lanak egiteko betebeharra ezartzen duen
estatuko araudiaren zorroztasuna leundu dutenak. Kutsatutako lurzoruen araudiarekin partzialki bat datorren Ingurugiroaren arloko Erantzunkizuna ezartzen duen Legea berriak joera hori berretsi du.
The article analyzes several aspects of the regulation of contaminated land and, in particular, the situations in which owners must carry out cleaning and recovery tasks and the temporal scope of these obligations. The lack of clarity in the regulations has raised many questions and opened various debates. However, recently passed regional legislation, such as that of the Basque Country, has reduced the severity of the State legislation by introducing important modifications to owners¿ clean-up obligations when the contamination has been caused by activities that were carried out under license or were «state of the art» at that time. This tendency has been confirmed by the Environmental Liability Law, which also applies to
some of the matters regulated by the legislation on contaminated land.
KESELAMATAN SOCIETAL DAN ISU KALIMAH ALLAH DI MALAYSIA
Authors: Pg Alli Rahman Dgku Siti Noraini , Dollah Ramli , Peters Diana 
Published: March 2022

Sejak Perang Dingin tamat, kajian keselamatan mengalami perubahan apabila ia tidak lagi menumpukan kajian keselamatan tradisional semata-mata, tetapi turut memasukkan isu-isu keselamatan bukan tradisional. Perubahan ini selari dengan debat dan proses broadening dan deepening yang berlaku dalam kalangan sarjana kajian keselamatan, iaitu fokus keselamatan tidak hanya tertumpu kepada negara semata-mata. Oleh itu, istilah keselamatan sentiasa menjadi isu perdebatan para sarjana keselamatan yang mana melibatkan persoalan bagaimana memahami konsep keselamatan. Dalam hal ini, kemunculan konsep keselamatan societal yang menjelaskan bagaimana identiti sesuatu kumpulan masyarakat menjadi isu keselamatan. Dalam hal ini, kajian ini membincangkan konsep keselamatan societal dengan melihat bagaimana isu kalimah Allah yang merujuk kepada â€˜Tuhanâ€™ telah menjadi perebutan di antara penganut agama Islam dan Kristian di Malaysia dan telah menjadi isu keselamatan. Kedua-dua kumpulan menyatakan bahawa mereka mempunyai hak menggunakan kalimah tersebut. Walau bagaimanapun, untuk tujuan perbincangan, artikel hanya memfokuskan perbincangan kepada respons dan tindakan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Melayu-Islam dalam mempertahankan hak eksklusif mereka untuk menggunakan kalimah Allah.

Since the end of the Cold War, security studies have changed not only focusing on traditional security issue alone but also including non-traditional security issues. This is in line with the debate and the process of broadening and deepening the issues of security it is no longer confined to just security of the state among the scholars in security where the focus of security is not confined to the state. Therefore, the concept of security has increasingly become a frequent debate among scholars. One such instance is the emergence of the concept of societal security, as an explanation of how the identity of a group of people becomes a security issue. This paper discusses the concept of societal security by focusing on how the issue of the word Allah (Kalimah Allah), which is referred to God, has become a competition between Muslims and Christians in Malaysia and therefore has become a security issue. Both groups claim that they are within their rights to use the word of Allah. For the purpose of this discussion, this paper will only focus on the responses and actions taken by the Malay-Muslim community in defending their exclusive right to use the word Allah.
PENGLIBATAN PEKERJA KURANG UPAYA DALAM PROGRAM RETURN TO WORK (RTW), PERKESO
Authors: SIMA NUR AZIYAN , JEMON SALMIE 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK
Kembali bekerja bagi pekerja kurang upaya bukanlah mudah disebabkan oleh beberapa perkara. Antaranya ialah pandangan daripada pihak majikan, kemampuan mereka yang terhad dan keinginan mereka untuk bangkit semula selepas mengalami ketidakupayaan disebabkan kemalangan dan masalah kesihatan. Bagi membantu mereka mengatasi halangan tersebut, pihak Pertubuhan Keselamatan Sosial (PERKESO) telah memperkenalkan Program Return To Work (RTW). Program ini bertujuan untuk membantu menguruskan penempatan pekerjaan bagi pekerja kurang upaya, sama ada kekal dengan majikan lama mahu pun kepada majikan yang baharu mengikut kesesuaian keadaan fizikal dan menguruskan rawatan penyembuhan. Di samping itu, Program RTW ini dapat menyediakan peluang pekerjaan bagi pekerja kurang upaya. Program RTW ini secara tidak langsung dapat membuka peluang baharu untuk mereka terus bekerja. Hasil kajian pengkaji-pengkaji lepas dalam dan luar negara menunjukkan bahawa mereka ini adalah golongan yang hidup dalam kemiskinan disebabkan tidak mempunyai sumber pendapatan yang tetap. Adakah perkara ini merupakan faktor utama untuk mereka kembali bekerja? Berdasarkan dapatan terhadap beberapa organisasi terpilih di Kota Kinabalu, pekerja kurang upaya ingin kembali bekerja adalah disebabkan tujuh faktor utama iaitu pendapatan, penyesuaian kerja dengan keadaan fizikal, sikap, kesihatan, polisi tempat kerja, kemudahan fizikal di tempat kerja dan hubungan di tempat kerja. Artikel ini akan mengupas setiap faktor pekerja kurang upaya mengikuti program RTW untuk kembali bekerja.
ABSTRACT
Return to work for disabled workers is not an easy thing to do for some reasons. Among them are the views of employers, their limited abilities and their desire to rise again after experiencing disability due to accidents and health problems. To help them cope with the obstacles, the PERKESO has introduced the Return To Work (RTW) program. The RTW program aims to help manage the placement of jobs for disabled people whether they want to stay with the previous employer or to the new employer according to their physical suitability and healing treatment management. Apart from that, through the RTW Program, job opportunities are provided for disabled people. Therefore, this RTW program is perceived to indirectly create new opportunities for them to continue working. The findings of previous researches from local and abroad indicate that these people are living in poverty because they have no fixed source of income. Is this a major factor for them to return to work? Based on the research findings on selected organizations in Kota Kinabalu, the disabled workers are ready to return to work due to seven key factors namely income, work adaptation with physical conditions, attitudes, health, workplace policies, physical facilities at work and workplace relationships. This paper will examine every factor of the disabled worker following the RTW program to return to work.
Impacts of aerosol–photolysis interaction and aerosol–radiation feedback on surface-layer ozone in North China during multi-pollutant air pollution episodes
Authors: Yang Hao , Chen Lei , Liao Hong , Zhu Jia , Wang Wenjie , Li Xin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. We examined the impacts of aerosol–radiation interactions, including the effects of aerosol–photolysis interaction (API) and aerosol–radiation
feedback (ARF), on surface-layer ozone (O3) concentrations during four multi-pollutant air pollution episodes characterized by high O3 and PM2.5 levels during 28 July to 3 August 2014 (Episode1), 8–13 July 2015 (Episode2), 5–11 June 2016 (Episode3), and 28 June to 3 July 2017 (Episode4) in North China, by using the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model embedded with an integrated process analysis scheme. Our results show that API and ARF reduced the daytime shortwave radiative fluxes at the surface by 92.4–102.9 W m−2 and increased daytime shortwave radiative fluxes in the atmosphere by 72.8–85.2 W m−2, as the values were averaged over the complex air pollution areas (CAPAs) in each of the four episodes. As a result, the stabilized atmosphere decreased the daytime planetary boundary layer height and 10 m wind speed by 129.0–249.0 m and 0.05–0.15 m s−1, respectively, in CAPAs in
the four episodes. Aerosols were simulated to reduce the daytime near-surface photolysis rates of J[NO2] and J[O1D] by 1.8 × 10−3–2.0 × 10−3 and 5.7 × 10−6–6.4 × 10−6 s−1,
respectively, in CAPAs in the four episodes. All of the four episodes show the same conclusion, which is that the reduction in O3 by API is larger than that by ARF. API (ARF) was simulated to change daytime surface-layer O3 concentrations by −8.5 ppb (parts per billion; −2.9 ppb), −10.3 ppb (−1.0 ppb), −9.1 ppb (−0.9 ppb), and −11.4 ppb (+0.7 ppb) in CAPAs of the four episodes, respectively. Process analysis indicated that the weakened O3 chemical production made the greatest contribution to API effect, while the reduced vertical mixing was the key process for ARF effect. Our conclusions suggest that future PM2.5 reductions may lead to
O3 increases due to the weakened aerosol–radiation interactions, which should be considered in air quality planning.
Widespread greening suggests increased dry-season plant water availability in the Rio Santa valley, Peruvian Andes
Authors: Hänchen Lorenz , Klein Cornelia , Maussion Fabien , Gurgiser Wolfgang , Calanca Pierluigi , Wohlfahrt Georg 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. In the semi-arid Peruvian Andes, the growing season is mostly determined by the timing of the onset and retreat of the wet season, to which annual
crop yields are highly sensitive. Recently, local farmers in the Rio Santa basin (RSB) reported more erratic rainy season onsets and further
challenges related to changes in rainfall characteristics. Previous studies based on local rain gauges, however, did not find any significant
long-term rainfall changes, potentially linked to the scarce data basis and inherent difficulties in capturing the highly variable rainfall
distribution typical for complex mountain terrain. To date, there remains considerable uncertainty in the RSB regarding changes in plant-available
water over the last decades. In this study, we exploit satellite-derived information of high-resolution vegetation greenness as an integrated proxy to
derive variability and trends of plant water availability. By combining MODIS Aqua and Terra vegetation indices (VIs), datasets of precipitation (both for 2000–2020)
and soil moisture (since 2015), we explore recent spatio-temporal changes in the vegetation growing season. We find the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to be coupled to soil
moisture on a sub-seasonal basis, while NDVI and rainfall only coincide on interannual timescales. Over 20 years, we find significant greening in
the RSB, particularly pronounced during the dry season (austral winter), indicating an overall increase in plant-available water over the past 2 decades. The start of the growing season (SOS) exhibits high interannual variability of up to 2 months compared to the end of the growing season
(EOS), which varies by up to 1 month, therefore dominating the variability of the growing season length (LOS). The EOS becomes significantly
delayed over the analysis period, matching the observed dry-season greening. While both in situ and gridded rainfall datasets show incoherent
changes in annual rainfall for the region, Climate Hazards InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) rainfall suggests significant positive dry-season trends for 2 months coinciding with the most
pronounced greening. As the greening signal is strongly seasonal and reaches high altitudes on unglaciated valley slopes, we cannot link this signal
to water storage changes on timescales beyond one rainy season, making interannual rainfall variability the most likely driver. Exploring El
Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) control on greening, we find an overall increased LOS linked to an earlier SOS in El Niño years, which
however cannot explain the observed greening and delayed EOS. While our study could not corroborate anecdotal evidence of recent changes, we confirm
that the SOS is highly variable and conclude that rainfed farming in the RSB would profit from future efforts being directed towards improving
medium-range forecasts of the rainy season onset.
Nalar Pendidikan Feminis Dalam Konstruksi Kesetaraan Gender Amina Wadud
Authors: Fahmi Muhammad , Alfiyah Hanik Yuni 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab beberapa permasalahan: (1) Bagaimanakah konstruksi kesetaraan gender Amina Wadud? (2) Bagaimanakah nalar pendidikan feminis dalam konstruksi kesetaraan gender Amina Wadud? (3) Bagaimanakah implikasi nalar pendidikan feminis Amina Wadud bagi eksistensi pendidikan Islam?
Permasalahan yang ada dijawab melalui penelitian kualitatif-literatur (library research) dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui inventarisir data-data primer, sekunder, dan pendukung. Data primer bersumber dari karya-karya Amina Wadud; data sekunder diambil dari karya orang tentang pemikiran Amina Wadud; dan data pendukung didapat dari karya-karya yang terkait dengan tema penelitian. Data-data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan teknik analisis isi (content analysis).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa:

Konstruksi kesetaraan gender Amina Wadud didasarkan pada tafsir tauhid. Perempuan dan laki-laki hanya sebutan istilah spesies, keduanya memiliki peran yang setara dan seimbang. Keduanya dilahirkan dari jalan yang sama. Kemudian dimatikan dengan jalan yang masih bersifat rahasia. Lalu dibangkitkan di suatu tempat (padang mahsyar), diadili sesuai dengan amalan masing-masing. Hal utama yang membedakan peran antar manusia laki-laki dan perempuan adalah kapasitas ketaqwaannya, bukan jenis kelaminnya.
Nalar pendidikan feminis begitu tampak dalam konstruksi kesetaraan gender Amina Wadud. Amina Wadud benar-benar memperjuangkan kesetaraan relasi antara perempuan dan laki-laki di ranah publik. Jenis kelamin tidak menjadi pijakan utama untuk merekomendasikan apakah seseorang itu layak berkarir ataukah tidak. Pijakan utama adalah capacity atau quality. Dengan paradigma ini, maka perempuan dan laki-laki mempunyai kesempatan yang sama untuk berkarir di ranah yang sesuai dengan kapasitasnya. Inilah nalar pendidikan feminis, pendidikan yang pro terhadap keadilan gender.
Nalar pendidikan feminis, yakni pendidikan yang memperjuangkan kesetaraan relasi peran perempuan dan laki-laki, berimplikasi bagi eksistensi pendidikan Islam. Implikasinya, pendidikan Islam harus berpihak pada kesetaraan dan keadilan gender. Desain dan praktik pendidikan Islam yang berkeadilan gender harus dimulai dari kebijakan, perencanaan, pelaksanaan, kontrol, evaluasi dan penganggarannya. Implikasi nalar pendidikan feminis bagi pendidikan Islam berarti pendidikan Islam harus berpihak pada upaya mewujudkan kesetaraan dan keadilan gender.
FINANCIAL INCLUSION DAN STABILITAS KEUANGAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Parsaulian Baginda 
Published: March 2022

The financial sector has an important role in the economy of a country in the current era of globalization. Financial Technology (Fintech) has changed the financial system to be easier and faster where in the transaction process no longer uses physical money (currency) and demand deposits (demand deposits) or bank accounts, but a number of funds that have been transferred and recognized as balances in the application certain and can be used to carry out financial transactions the same as using physical money (currency) but it is easier and more practical to use a cellular phone and the application.
Financial inclusion implemented by the government focuses on increasing financial access for people who have not yet enjoyed the services of formal financial institutions due to barriers to accessing them. Financial inclusion in practice can have both positive and negative impacts. As a positive impact, financial inclusion besides being able to overcome income inequality also has the potential to improve financial stability, this is because the poor's access to savings from formal financial institutions can increase the capacity of households to manage financial vulnerabilities caused by the adverse effects of the crisis, diversify the funding base from institutions. that can reduce shocks during global crises, increase economic resilience by accelerating growth, facilitating diversification, and reducing poverty. The negative impact of financial inclusion is caused by a decrease in credit standards due to financial institutions trying to reach the lower class of the unbankable in the form of a decrease in loan requirements, this can increase the risk of a bank's reputation due to improving financial services facilities in several countries which lower the standard for establishing a financial institution for the region. rural areas, and can cause instability due to immature and sufficient regulation from microfinance institutions.
PLUM: Placement, Learning, and Understanding Math; Empowering Students Toward General Education Quantitative Reasoning Course Success
Authors: Newsome-Slade Vanessa , Newsome Chevelle , Parsh Bridget , Zeigler David 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTAlthough designed with good intent, remedial math courses have delayed or terminated many students’ college careers. Taking remedial courses can delay enrollment into courses for their major, or may, psychologically, result in students feeling unprepared for college. Despite the original intentions of developmental math programs, there is a growing body of evidence that remedial math courses are not effective in improving outcomes for students with the weakest math skills. With the elimination of remedial math courses, a multiprogram effort, PLUM (Placement, Learning, and Understanding Math) was created to empower students with sufficient knowledge and to detail a pathway to be successful in their quantitative reasoning courses. This was accomplished by tools to inform and empower first-time college students. After a brief historical background of the problems to be addressed, the philosophy and design of PLUM is detailed.