bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic Identification and Some Physiological Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from the Oral Cavities of Some Selected Students from University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Omeonu Francis Chukwumma , Onilude Anthony Abiodun , Azuh Victor Okechukwu , Laba Sunday Ademola 
Published: June 2022

Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) have been reported to be a component of the human and animal microbiome, functioning as probiotics. Their capacity to stick to the epithelial or mucosal surface is mostly dependent on receptor specific binding, charge, and hydrophobicity interaction. Much work have been done on the hydrophobicity and some physiological properties of LAB from different sources but there is a dearth of knowledge on those of the oral cavity, hence this study.
Oral samples were collected from respondents from different areas of the University Of Ibadan with sterile swab stick and were brought to the microbiology laboratory of the University of Ibadan for analysis. The isolates were subjected to morphological, biochemical, molecular and physiological tests using standard procedures.
In this study, nine colonies of LAB were isolated and characterized from oral samples of respondents from the University of Ibadan. They were identified as, Pedicoccus acidilactici, Leuconostoc lactis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus plantarium, and Lactobacillus casei. All the isolates inhibited the growth of the four pathogens used, survived at 4% concentration of NaCl, MgSO4, KNO3, NaNO3, MnSO4 and 3% bile salts used. They exhibited low surface hydrophobicity, survived in the acidic and temperatures of the media used.
Study of Cognitive and Behavioral Impacts of Idiopathic Epilepsy and Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs) in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Aboeisa Mohamed Ibrahim , Seleem Mohammad Abdel Hakeem , Gohary Tarek Mohamed El , Shahawy Azza Kamal Al 
Published: June 2022

Background: Epilepsy is a common neurological condition that can have a detrimental impact on social, emotional, and cognitive functioning. Psychiatric and cognitive problems in children with epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs can affect quality of life. Long-term follow-up studies reveal that epilepsy that develops in childhood is more common than epilepsy that develops later in life. Has a marked impact on adult life even when the epilepsy is not complicated by intellectual disability or other neurological impairments. The aim of this study was to study cognitive and behavioral impacts of idiopathic epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs in children and adolescents compared to normal ones.
Methods: This prospective, case control study was conducted on 60 children or adolescents suffering from idiopathic epilepsy aged 6-16 years. Children were classified into four equal groups and were examined after 6 months from diagnosis: Group A subjected to valproic acid at a dose of 10-60 mg/kg/day, group B subjected to Carbamazepine at a dose of 10-30 mg/kg/day, group C subjected to levetiracetam at a dose of 10-60 mg/kg/day and group D subjected to Oxcarbazepine at a dose of 20-30 mg/kg/day. Thirty healthy children or adolescents of matched age and sex served as a control group who attended Pediatric General Outpatient Clinic of Tanta University Hospitals. The following was done to all of the patients: full history taking, complete physical examination, routine laboratory investigations, electroencephalography, brain magnetic resonance imaging, specific tests for behavior and executive functions including the Child Behavior Checklist – school age, Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (fifth version), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Continuous Performance Test. Thirty healthy children or adolescents of matched age and sex served as a control group.
Results: Children with epilepsy who were treated with AEDs showed higher behavioral problems scales, lower mean IQ and lower executive functions as compared to controls. LEV and VPA had a more negative effect on behavior than CBZ and OXC while VPA and CBZ had a more negative effect on mean IQ and executive functions than LEV and OXC.
Conclusion: Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may be one of the causes of epilepsy-related cognitive and behavioral issues in children.
An In-silico Study Showing Potentials of Selected Anthocyanin Derivatives against Uropathogenic E. coli Adhesin Protein
Authors: Chowdhury Abhishek , Choudhury Manabendra Dutta , Laskar Monjur Ahmed 
Published: June 2022

Urinary tract infections (UTI) caused primarily by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are indeed an extremely contagious disease that affects people all over the world. FimH is a major virulence component in UTI pathogenesis, and inhibiting FimH function can be an efficient means to disarm UPEC bacteria, as well as a crucial target in the development of non-antibiotic mediated UTI treatment options. The goal of this study was to identify anthocyanins in plant parts and assess
their pharmacological characteristics. A computational methodology was used to predict the pharmacological characteristics of such substances. Compounds with pharmacophores comparable to those of known fimH inhibitors were chosen. Following that, additional research was carried out to assess their drug similarity, inhibitory potential, and IC50 values. Thus, the present study reports few novel fimH inhibitors derived from the selected plant’s phytochemicals, and is significant owing to their therapeutic implication as a non-antibiotic mediated therapy for UTI.
Crise Global Coronavírus: monitoramento e impactos
Authors: Diniz Michely Correia , Martins Marlos Gomes , Xavier Keyla Vitória Marques , Da Silva Monique Ayala Araújo , Santos Erick de Aquino 
Published: June 2022

Em 11 de março de 2020, a Organização Mundial de Saúde declarou que o mundo estava sendo alvo de uma pandemia devido ao novo coronavírus. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o panorama das pesquisas e das políticas públicas focadas na COVID-19, mapeando o desenvolvimento de tecnologias relacionadas ao tema. A pesquisa teve caráter descritivo e exploratório, ao analisar informações de forma abrangente a partir de referências bibliográficas, com enfoque no repositório PubMed. A prospecção tecnológica quantitativa sobre os coronavírus, através de 06 bancos de patentes, vem a complementar essa análise qualitativa. Com a crise global causada pela COVID-19, a produção de conhecimento e plataformas digitais foi extremamente acelerada num curto espaço de tempo. Praticamente todos os países foram afetados pela pandemia, e aqueles que entenderam a gravidade da situação mais rapidamente, e implementaram políticas e tecnologias assertivas puderam mitigar os impactos de curto prazo, principalmente no que diz respeito à preservação de vidas.
Editorial
Authors: Ribeiro Núbia Moura 
Published: June 2022

Editorial
Após cerca de 24 meses de pandemia do novo coronavírus, causador da COVID-19, toda a humanidade foi colocada diante de diversas reflexões e uma delas nos levou a reconhecer ainda mais o papel da ciência para a manutenção e o desenvolvimento da vida humana. Nesses tempo, o conhecimento e a pesquisa científica, numa velocidade imposta pela necessidade de respostas para a crise pandêmica que se estabeleceu no mundo, permitiram ser conhecido o comportamento do vírus e promoveram testes e avanços no combate aos problemas causados pelo vírus no organismo humano, que puderam reconhecer as mutações pelas quais o vírus passou e, assim, foram desenvolvidas vacinas, que pouco a pouco têm proporcionado o restabelecimento de um “novo normal” para a vida cotidiana. Desse modo, com uma clareza que tempos difíceis revelam, o papel da ciência ficou mais importante ainda para uma grande parcela da humanidade.
Mas a ciência não é feita apenas de grandes marcos, com os resultados alcançados no combate à COVID-19, é possível perceber que a ciência é construída por meio do esforço de inúmeros pesquisadores, com contribuições de diversos graus de relevância, que, no conjunto, podem significar avanços consideráveis.
Plenamente alinhada com o papel que a ciência tem na sociedade, a Revista Cadernos de Prospecção vem mantendo, desde 2008, o compromisso de divulgar o conhecimento científico e tecnológico, com a proposta de ser também um fórum internacional para a identificação de oportunidades de inovação tecnológica.
Fiel a esse compromisso, este mais recente número da Cadernos de Prospecção, correspondente ao volume 15 e número 2, relativo aos meses de abril a junho de 2022, é apresentado aos leitores. Esta edição conta com artigos de 60 autores, filiados às 17 instituições que estão localizadas em 10 estados, nas cinco regiões do Brasil, e uma delas na Irlanda. Esta, como todas as demais edições da Revista, é fruto do esforço de pesquisadores na produção e na difusão do conhecimento científico e tecnológico e da colaboração voluntária de editores e de revisores, aos quais, juntamente com a equipe de apoio administrativo, expressamos nossos sinceros agradecimentos.
Boa leitura a todos!
Núbia Moura RibeiroPresidente do Comitê Editoria do PROFNITDoutora em QuímicaDocente Titular do Instituto Federal da Ba
2022 American College of Rheumatology/American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons Guideline for the Perioperative Management of Antirheumatic Medication in Patients With Rheumatic Diseases Undergoing Elective Total Hip or Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Goodman Susan M. , Springer Bryan D. , Chen Antonia F. , Davis Marshall , Fernandez David R. , Figgie Mark , Finlayson Heather , George Michael D. , Giles Jon T. , Gilliland Jeremy , Klatt Brian , MacKenzie Ronald , Michaud Kaleb , Miller Andy , Russell Linda , Sah Alexander , Abdel Matthew P. , Johnson Beverly , Mandl Lisa A. , Sculco Peter , Turgunbaev Marat , Turner Amy S. , Yates Adolph , Singh Jasvinder A. 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo develop updated guidelines for the perioperative management of disease‐modifying medications for patients with rheumatic diseases, specifically those with inflammatory arthritis (IA) and those with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty (THA) or elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsWe convened a panel of rheumatologists, orthopedic surgeons, and infectious disease specialists, updated the systematic literature review, and included currently available medications for the clinically relevant population, intervention, comparator, and outcomes (PICO) questions. We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology to rate the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations using a group consensus process.ResultsThis guideline updates the 2017 recommendations for perioperative use of disease‐modifying antirheumatic therapy, including traditional disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs, biologic agents, targeted synthetic small‐molecule drugs, and glucocorticoids used for adults with rheumatic diseases, specifically for the treatment of patients with IA, including rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis, those with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, or those with SLE who are undergoing elective THA or TKA. It updates recommendations regarding when to continue, when to withhold, and when to restart these medications and the optimal perioperative dosing of glucocorticoids.ConclusionThis updated guideline includes recently introduced immunosuppressive medications to help decision‐making by clinicians and patients regarding perioperative disease‐modifying medication management for patients with IA and SLE at the time of elective THA or TKA.
Achieving 19% Power Conversion Efficiency in Planar‐Mixed Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells Using a Pseudosymmetric Electron Acceptor
Authors: Gao Wei , Qi Feng , Peng Zhengxing , Lin Francis R. , Jiang Kui , Zhong Cheng , Kaminsky Werner , Guan Zhiqiang , Lee Chun‐Sing , Marks Tobin J. , Ade Harald , Jen Alex K.‐Y. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 19% is realized in planar‐mixed heterojunction (PMHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) by adopting the asymmetric selenium substitution strategy in making a pseudosymmetric electron acceptor, BS3TSe‐4F. The combined molecular asymmetry with more polarizable selenium substitution increases the dielectric constant of the D18/BS3TSe‐4F blend, helping lower the exciton binding energy. On the other hand, dimer packing in BS3TSe‐4F is facilitated to enable free charge generation, helping more efficient exciton dissociation and lowering the radiative recombination loss (ΔE2) of OSCs. As a result, PMHJ OSCs based on D18/BS3TSe‐4F achieve a PCE of 18.48%. By incorporating another mid‐bandgap acceptor Y6‐O into D18/BS3TSe‐4F to form a ternary PMHJ, a higher open‐circuit voltage (VOC) can be achieved to realize an impressive PCE of 19.03%. The findings of using pseudosymmetric electron acceptors in enhancing device efficiency provides an effective way to develop highly efficient acceptor materials for OSCs.
Spontaneous Formation of Oriented Lateral Wrinkles Assisted by Shrinkage Controlled Cracking
Authors: Liu Ning , Shan Linna , Yang Zhensheng , Sun Yue , Li Hao , Wang Zhiying 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOriented wrinkled surfaces play a vital role in the preparation of functional components. However, existing methods for the fabrication of oriented wrinkle patterns are often limited by specific equipment (e.g., high vacuum systems) and cumbersome processes. In this study, an approach utilizing shrinkage controlled cracking method is proposed to introduce prefabricated topographic patterns on flat semi‐crosslinked polydimethylsiloxane (Semi‐PDMS) substrate for modulating anisotropic release of the interlaminar lateral stresses, where the crosslinking‐induced volumetric shrinkage from the Semi‐PDMS substrate provides the driving force for developing and stabilizing oriented surface wrinkle formation; followed by thickening polydopamine (PDA) capping layer to increase the orientation degree of wrinkles. Moreover, the evolutionary mechanism of oriented wrinkles on the PDA/Semi‐PDMS composite surface are demonstrated. The materials used in the reported method are low cost and environmentally friendly, and the preparation process is simple and green without the need for extreme conditions or strong solvents, which can be scaled up to large‐scale fabrication. According to the biocompatibility, high stability, and reactivity of polydopamine, the prepared oriented wrinkles may find potential applications in electronic skin, enhancement of cell alignment, flexible and stretchable electronics, and as structured templates for surface arrays.
1D van der Waals Nb2Pd3Se8‐Based n‐Type Field‐Effect Transistors Prepared by Liquid Phase Exfoliation
Authors: Choi Kyung Hwan , Jeon Jiho , Jeong Byung Joo , Chae Sudong , Oh Seungbae , Woo Chaeheon , Kim Tae Yeong , Ahn Jungyoon , Lee Jae‐Hyun , Yu Hak Ki , Choi Jae‐Young 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecently, the 1D ternary transition metal chalcogenide Nb2Pd3Se8 has been reported as a promising channel material for the field‐effect transistors (FETs) with high performance transport behavior. Its structural characteristic of weak van der Waals (vdW) forces between unit ribbons allows for the isolation of high quality Nb2Pd3Se8 nanowires from the bulk crystal that are similar to typical layered 2D materials. This study reports on the liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) of 1D vdW Nb2Pd3Se8 to predict the optimal solvent in terms of the total surface tension and polar/dispersive component ratio. Among the various test solvents, N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and dimethylformamide are found to be the best solvents for the exfoliation and stabilization of the Nb2Pd3Se8 nanowires due to their well‐matched total surface tensions and polar/dispersive component ratios. Additionally, FETs are fabricated on the LPE‐processed Nb2Pd3Se8 nanowires, and the charge transport behavior is characterized at room temperature. The FETs exhibit n‐type characteristics with an Ion/Ioff ratio and field‐effect mobility up to ≈103 and 15 cm2 V−1 s−1. This study on the LPE of novel Nb2Pd3Se8 nanowires is an important step toward various practical applications in nanoelectronics.
Evaluation of Energy Harvesting from Different Sections of the Aortic Artery with Several Energy Harvester Materials
Authors: Nasiri Sadr Arsalan , Nasri Farnaz , Pourfarzad Hamed , Manavizadeh Negin , Pedram Mona Zamani , Naikoo Gowhar Ahmad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith the development of implants and microdevices used in the human body, supplying the energy of these devices is a challenge. One of the safest ways to overcome the challenge is to harvest the energy from the human body. In this study, the blood flow, wall deformation, and hemodynamic parameters of the aortic artery are evaluated based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Also, the artery displacement is linked to the output voltage by using Gauss’ law. The results show that for the artery under study, the proximal descending thoracic aorta (PDTA) is the best place to harvest energy, although there is the highest blood pressure on the ascending aorta (AAo) and the highest wall displacement is in the aortic arch. Part of this result depends on the morphology of the existing aortic artery. Also, the piezoelectric model of PZT‐5H harvests the most energy and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has the least, which can harvest power density of 1.34 and 1.27×10−3(μW/mm3) respectively.
Photodetector Arrays Based on MBE‐Grown GaSe/Graphene Heterostructure
Authors: Saroj Rajendra K. , Guha Puspendu , Lee Sangmin , Yoo Dongha , Lee Eunsu , Lee Jamin , Kim Miyoung , Yi Gyu‐Chul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA selective area growth of hexagonal GaSe on prepatterned graphene substrate and fabrication of a photodetector array is reported. The GaSe film is grown on the graphene substrates using a molecular beam epitaxy system and characterized for structural and morphological properties using X‐ray diffraction, Raman, and atomic force microscopy techniques. Preliminary observations indicate the growth of hexagonal GaSe layers along (001) direction on graphene film under certain optimum growth conditions. Subsequently, GaSe‐based Schottky diode photodetectors are fabricated in a single‐element and 16 × 16 crossbar array geometries. Current–voltage characteristics of the diodes show a rectifying behavior with a turn‐on voltage and a low leakage current of ≈2 V and ≈20 nA, respectively. Photoresponse characteristics of the diode are investigated by measuring wavelength‐dependent spectral response and temporal photocurrent response under illumination of different lights, including 532 nm laser and white light, with varied incident intensities. The spectral responsivity of the detector is found to be as high as 98 A W–1 at a wavelength of 500 nm with a turning‐on profile corresponding to the band edge of GaSe. The photo mapping capability of the detector array is also demonstrated in this report.
Concentration‐Induced Phase Separation to Suppress Energy Transfer for High‐Temperature Ratiometric Sensing in Organic Films
Authors: Qin Xiaoyu , Yang Ningjing , Yao Feng , Chen Hao , Wang Jin , Kong Mengfei , Qian Yan , Fan Quli 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEnergy transfer is usually applied in ratiometric thermometry, but it often decreases sensitivities due to much reduced distinguishment in the thermal responses of two different‐colored emitters. Herein, a feasible strategy to restrain energy transfer is utilized for achieving sensitive high‐temperature detection, simply by increasing the dopant concentration to induce microphase separation. Atomic force microscopy phase images reveal that this phase separation becomes dominant when the doping ratio reaches above 40%. This results in suppression of energy transfer, which is evidenced by systematic photophysical investigations. On this basis, by using heat‐resistant emitters, a series of inexpensive and easily prepared solid‐film organic high‐temperature ratiometric thermometers are developed. They exhibit a broad eye‐detective sensing range of 102–236 °C with the relative sensitivity (Sr) higher than 0.5% K−1 and the maximum temperature resolution attaining 0.39 K. Good reversibility and stability are also demonstrated in ambient atmosphere.
Nanoionics from Biological to Artificial Systems: An Alternative Beyond Nanoelectronics
Authors: Zhang Jianrui , Liu Wenchao , Dai Jiqing , Xiao Kai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIon transport under nanoconfined spaces is a ubiquitous phenomenon in nature and plays an important role in the energy conversion and signal transduction processes of both biological and artificial systems. Unlike the free diffusion in continuum media, anomalous behaviors of ions are often observed in nanostructured systems, which is governed by the complex interplay between various interfacial interactions. Conventionally, nanoionics mainly refers to the study of ion transport in solid‐state nanosystems. In this review, to extent this concept is proposed and a new framework to understand the phenomena, mechanism, methodology, and application associated with ion transport at the nanoscale is put forward. Specifically, here nanoionics is summarized into three categories, i.e., biological, artificial, and hybrid, and discussed the characteristics of each system. Compared with nanoelectronics, nanoionics is an emerging research field with many theoretical and practical challenges. With this forward‐looking perspective, it is hoped that nanoionics can attract increasing attention and find wide range of applications as nanoelectronics.
Sub‐Nanometer Electron Beam Phase Patterning in 2D Materials
Authors: Zheng Fangyuan , Guo Deping , Huang Lingli , Wong Lok Wing , Chen Xin , Wang Cong , Cai Yuan , Wang Ning , Lee Chun‐Sing , Lau Shu Ping , Ly Thuc Hue , Ji Wei , Zhao Jiong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPhase patterning in polymorphic two‐dimensional (2D) materials offers diverse properties that extend beyond what their pristine structures can achieve. If precisely controllable, phase transitions can bring exciting new applications for nanometer‐scale devices and ultra‐large‐scale integrations. Here, the focused electron beam is capable of triggering the phase transition from the semiconducting T’’ phase to metallic T’ and T phases in 2D rhenium disulfide (ReS2) and rhenium diselenide (ReSe2) monolayers, rendering ultra‐precise phase patterning technique even in sub‐nanometer scale is found. Based on knock‐on effects and strain analysis, the phase transition mechanism on the created atomic vacancies and the introduced substantial in‐plane compressive strain in 2D layers are clarified. This in situ high‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and in situ electrical characterizations agree well with the density functional theory (DFT) calculation results for the atomic structures, electronic properties, and phase transition mechanisms. Grain boundary engineering and electrical contact engineering in 2D are thus developed based on this patterning technique. The patterning method exhibits great potential in ultra‐precise electron beam lithography as a scalable top‐down manufacturing method for future atomic‐scale devices.