bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of potential for peak demand reduction of residential buildings by household appliances with demand response
Authors: Ono Tetsushi , Hagishima Aya , Tanimoto Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractResidential appliances remotely controlled by IoT for demand response has attracted much attention for effective peak demand reduction of the uncertainty of consumers’ behaviors. To promote the technology development of such appliances, estimation of the potential for peak demand reduction according to the type of appliances is strongly needed. With this background, the authors conducted a data analysis of demand curves of not only the entire household but also the branches acquired at 496 dwellings in Osaka. Based on this analysis, the potential of peak reduction of aggregated demand of various groups with different dwelling size were quantified for major five appliances, namely air conditioners, microwave ovens, refrigerators, washing machines, and dish washers.
Grassland management actions influence soil conditions and plant community responses to winter climate change
Authors: Henn Jonathan J. , Damschen Ellen I. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRestoring ecosystems in a changing climate requires understanding how management interventions interact with climate conditions. In tallgrass prairies, disturbance through fire, mowing, or grazing is a critical force in maintaining herbaceous plant diversity. However, unlike historical fire regimes that occurred throughout the growing season, management actions like prescribed fire and mowing are commonly limited to the spring or fall seasons. Warming winters are resulting in less snow, causing overwintering plants to experience reduced insulation from snow and these more extreme winter conditions may be exacerbated or ameliorated depending on the timing of management actions. Understanding this novel interaction between the timing of management actions and snow depth is critical for managing and restoring grassland ecosystems. Here, we applied experimental management treatments (spring and fall burn and fall mow) in combination with snow depth manipulations to test whether the type and timing of commonly implemented disturbances interact with snow depth to affect restored prairie plant diversity and composition. Overall, snow manipulations and management actions influenced soil temperature while only management actions influenced spring thaw timing. Burning in the fall, which removes litter prior to winter resulted in colder soils and earlier spring thaw timing. However, plant communities were mostly resistant to these effects. Instead, plants responded to management actions such that burning and mowing, regardless of timing, increased plant diversity and spring burning increased flowering structure cover while reducing weedy cool season grass cover. Together these results suggest that grassland plant communities are resistant to winter climate change over the short term and that burning or mowing is critical to promoting plant diversity in tallgrass prairies.
Right ventricular dysfunction in patients with new‐onset heart failure: longitudinal follow‐up during guideline‐directed medical therapy
Authors: Ansari Ramandi Mohammad Mostafa , van Melle Joost P. , Gorter Thomas M. , Hoendermis Elke S. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Nauta Jan F. , van der Wal Martje H.L. , Warink‐Riemersma Janke , Voors Adriaan A. , Dickinson Michael G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsImprovement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after up‐titration of guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) has been well described in heart failure (HF) patients. Less is known about the prevalence and clinical course of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) in patients with new‐onset HF.Methods and resultsFrom 2012 to 2018, 625 patients with a recent (<3 months) diagnosis of HF were referred to a specialized nurse‐led HF clinic for protocolized up‐titration of GDMT. RVD, defined as tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) <17 mm, was assessed at baseline and at the follow‐up visit. Patients were followed for the combined endpoint of all‐cause mortality and HF hospitalization for a mean of 3.3 ± 1.9 years. Of the 625 patients, 241 (38.6%) patients had RVD at baseline. Patients with RVD were older, more symptomatic, had a lower LVEF, and more often had a history of cardiothoracic surgery and atrial fibrillation. After a median follow‐up of 9 months, right ventricular function normalized in 49% of the patients with baseline RVD. RVD at baseline was associated with a higher risk of the combined endpoint (hazard ratio [HR] 1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21–2.18). Right ventricular function normalization was associated with a lower risk for the combined endpoint (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.31–0.99), independent of baseline TAPSE, age, sex, and LVEF.ConclusionMore than one‐third of patients with new‐onset HF have RVD. RVD is associated with a higher risk of all‐cause mortality and HF hospitalization. Recovery of RVD regularly occurs during up‐titration of GDMT and is associated with improved clinical outcomes.
Acute cytomegalovirus infection modulates the intestinal microbiota and targets intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: Le‐Trilling Vu Thuy Khanh , Ebel Jana‐Fabienne , Baier Franziska , Wohlgemuth Kerstin , Pfeifer Kai Robin , Mookhoek Aart , Krebs Philippe , Determann Madita , Katschinski Benjamin , Adamczyk Alexandra , Lange Erik , Klopfleisch Robert , Lange Christian M. , Sokolova Viktoriya , Trilling Mirko , Westendorf Astrid M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPrimary and recurrent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections frequently cause CMV colitis in immunocompromised as well as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Additionally, colitis occasionally occurs upon primary CMV infection in patients who are apparently immunocompetent. In both cases, the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms are largely elusive ‐ in part due to the lack of adequate access to specimens. We employed the mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) model to assess the association between CMV and colitis. During acute primary MCMV infection of immunocompetent mice, the gut microbial composition was affected as manifested by an altered ratio of the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes phyla. Interestingly, these microbial changes coincided with high‐titer MCMV replication in the colon, crypt hyperplasia, increased colonic pro‐inflammatory cytokine levels, and a transient increase in the expression of the antimicrobial protein Regenerating islet‐derived protein 3 gamma (Reg3γ). Further analyses revealed that murine and human intestinal epithelial cell lines, as well as primary intestinal crypt cells and organoids represent direct targets of CMV infection causing increased cell death. Accordingly, in vivo MCMV infection disrupted the intestinal epithelial barrier and increased apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells. In summary, our data show that CMV transiently induces colitis in immunocompetent hosts by altering the intestinal homeostasis.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Weiss Diketone Derivative Bearing Four Phenylsulfanyl Groups
Authors: Yasui Kosuke , Isogai Ryosuke , Fukazawa Aiko 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA bicyclo[3.3.0]octane‐3,7‐dione, bearing four phenylsulfanyl (PhS) groups at the diagonal α‐positions of the carbonyls, was synthesized as a key intermediate useful for exploring the regioselective transformations of symmetrical Weiss diketone. Tetra‐PhS‐substituted bicyclo[3.3.0]octane‐3,7‐dione was prepared by deprotonation of the Weiss diketone, using LDA in the presence of PhSSO2Ph. The tetra‐PhS‐substituted derivative thus obtained served as a scaffold for further regioselective base‐promoted enolization. Furthermore, the tetra‐PhS‐substituted Weiss diketone underwent an unexpected base‐promoted rearrangement to form isomeric tetra‐PhS‐substituted bicyclo[3.3.0]octane‐3,7‐dione through migration of PhS groups, likely through an interrupted Favorskii rearrangement.
Soil erosion rates during the Holocene continuity in a forest‐steppe landscape
Authors: Püntener Dario , Šamonil Pavel , Tikhomirov Dmitry , Daněk Pavel , Christl Marcus , Roleček Jan , Egli Markus 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite a long‐term human impact, Central and Eastern Europe exhibit patches of steppe ecosystems having the highest plant species diversity worldwide. These unique ecosystems have persisted over millennia even though the local climatic conditions would support the formation of a closed forest. Several sources of disturbances have contributed to the persistence of the forest‐steppe landscape such as grazing, fire events and human impact. These disturbances have been recorded in local erosion rates. To gain a deeper understanding of the soil dynamics we aimed at deciphering the long‐ and short‐term erosion rates and the age of the soil mantle.The steppes in Transylvania, Romania, were studied to find evidence of a Holocene continuity of grasslands. Long‐term (millennia) average erosion rates were determined using meteoric 10Be in soils and in situ 10Be of rock outcrops (scarp). Long‐term rates were also estimated by the percolation theory. Short‐term (last few decades) erosion rates were obtained from 239+240Pu in soils. The soils started to form prior to the Last Glacial Maximum, probably during the Eemian Interglacial. The average, long‐term erosion rates varied between 0.18 and 0.63 t ha−1 yr−1. These rates are slightly elevated compared to expected soil erosion rates. The soils of the Transylvanian Plain formed over a long period and reached a quasi‐steady state (soil production equals denudation) that contributed to the maintenance of a biodiversity‐rich forest‐steppe landscape. The slightly elevated erosion rates are an effect of factors that contributed to the Holocene continuity (fire, grazing) and indicate open rather than a forested character of the landscape during soil development. During the last few decades, the erosion rates increased by a factor of 5–10, with values in the range of 1.31–4.05 t ha−1 yr−1. These large differences are caused by changes in human management of the soils. The biodiversity‐rich forest‐steppe landscapes are now under threat.
Inferring cultural reproduction from lithic data: A critical review
Authors: Liu Cheng , Stout Dietrich 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe cultural reproduction of lithic technology, long an implicit assumption of archaeological theories, has garnered increasing attention over the past decades. Major debates ranging from the origins of the human culture capacity to the interpretation of spatiotemporal patterning now make explicit reference to social learning mechanisms and cultural evolutionary dynamics. This burgeoning literature has produced important insights and methodological innovations. However, this rapid growth has sometimes led to confusion and controversy due to an under‐examination of underlying theoretical and methodological assumptions. The time is thus ripe for a critical assessment of progress in the study of the cultural reproduction of lithic technology. Here we review recent work addressing the evolutionary origins of human culture and the meaning of artifact variation at both intrasite and intersite levels. We propose that further progress will require a more extended and context‐specific evolutionary approach to address the complexity of real‐world cultural reproduction.
Computational homogenization of unsteady flows with obstacles
Authors: Shakoor Modesar , Park Chung Hae 
Published: October 2022

AbstractModeling flows in domains containing obstacles becomes challenging when the obstacles are very small compared to the domain. This problem is often known as modeling flow through permeable or porous media. Darcy's law is well known to provide a robust solution to this problem for viscous flows, given that the permeability of the medium can be characterized. Solutions for inertial flows have not been proposed yet. In this article, a principle multiscale virtual power is formulated for the computational homogenization of unsteady incompressible flows in domains containing small obstacles. In this theory, the coarse scale of the domain is separated from the fine scale of the obstacles. The finite element (FE) implementation of this theory is developed in the form of a parallel (FE) algorithm with two‐way coupling between the two scales. The incompressibility constraint is handled with special care by introducing an independent pressure variable at both scales and relying on the Taylor–Hood P2/P1 pair. Simulations are conducted to analyze the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed multiscale approach. The results show that the method is robust and interesting from both the points of view of computational cost and accuracy when the ratio between the domain size and the obstacle size is larger than 100.
Ursolic acid enhances the effect of exercise training on vascular aging by reducing oxidative stress in aged type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Kazemi Pordanjani Masume , Banitalebi Ebrahim , Roghani Mehrdad , Hemmati Roohullah 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUrsolic acid (UA) mediates the vasorelaxant activity via nitric oxide (NO) release, and upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells (ECs) in disease conditions with increased oxidative stress (OS). The present study aimed to reflect on the impact of 8 weeks of a combination of UA supplementation and resistance/endurance training in old male Wistar rats having a high‐fat diet and/or low‐dose streptozotocin‐induced type 2 diabetes (HFD/STZ‐induced T2D), with an emphasis on Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)–endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) axis and OS indices in their aortic tissues. A total number of56 21‐month‐old male Wistar rats with HFD/STZ‐induced T2D were randomized into seven groups (n = eight animals per group): (1) sedentary old nondiabetic (Control [C]); (2) sedentary HFD/STZ‐induced T2D (Diabetic [D]); (3) sedentary HFD/STZ‐induced T2D plus UA (Diabetic + Ursolic Acid [DU]); (4) endurance‐trained HFD/STZ‐induced T2D (Diabetic + Endurance Training [DE]); (5) resistance‐trained HFD/STZ‐induced T2D (Diabetic + Resistance Training [DR]); (6) endurance‐trained HFD/STZ‐induced T2D plus UA (Diabetic + Endurance Training + Ursolic Acid [DEU]); and (7) resistance‐trained STZ–diabetic plus UA (Diabetic + Resistance Training + Ursolic Acid [DRU]) rats. The ladder‐based resistance training group performed the ladder resistance training at 60% of the maximum voluntary carrying capacity (MVCC), 14–20 climbs in each session, with a one‐min rest between each two trials, 5 days a week. The treadmill‐based endurance exercise training protocol consisted of repeated bouts of high‐ and low‐intensity training with 60–75% maximal running speed and 30%–40% maximal running speed in the course of 8 weeks, respectively. The animals in the supplement groups also took 500 mg of UA/kg of high‐fat diet/day, resulting in a daily UA intake of approximately 250 mg UA per kg of body weight rat/day. The resistance/endurance training plus the UA consumption could partially reverse the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), as well as total antioxidant capacity (TAC). It was concluded that oral 0.5% UA supplementation can prevent vascular aging biomarkers in a HFD/STZ‐induced T2D model. Further studies are also required to clarify how chronic consumption of UA with/without training protocols reverses vascular aging process.
Clinical and demographic predictors of survival for fibrolamellar carcinoma patients—A patient community, registry‐based study
Authors: Berkovitz Amichai , Migler Rachael D. , Qureshi Adam , Rosemore Carly , Torbenson Michael S. , Vaughan Roger , Marcotte Erin , Simon Sanford M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLC) is a rare primary liver cancer that affects primarily adolescents and young adults. It is associated with a poor overall prognosis. There is a need to better define risk factors, but small sample size has limited such studies. An FLC patient registry now provides data sufficient for statistically robust inferences. We leveraged a unique patient community–based FLC registry to analyze the prognostic impact of demographic and clinical characteristics evident at diagnosis. Variables were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In multivariable models of 149 patients (88 females and 61 males), female gender was associated with statistically significant improved survival with HR of 0.52 (95% CI 0.29–0.93). Factors evident at diagnosis that are associated with worse survival included the presence of 10 or more tumors within the liver (HR 7.1; 95% CI 2.4–21.04), and metastases at diagnosis (HR 2.17; 95% CI 1.19–3.94). Positive lymph nodes at diagnosis, despite being found significantly associated with worse survival in a univariate analysis, did not remain significant when adjusted for covariates in a multivariable analysis. We found no statistically significant effect of age at diagnosis nor tumor size at diagnosis on survival. Female gender may confer a favorable prognosis in FLC. Established high‐risk prognostic factors that we confirmed in this Registry included the diagnostic presence of numerous intrahepatic tumors, and metastases. This is the first study derived from a FLC patient community–based registry, and highlights how registries of rare tumors can empower patients to meaningfully advance clinical and scientific discoveries.
Late toxicity comparison of alkylating‐based maintenance regimen with cyclophosphamide (VAC) vs ifosfamide (VAI) in Ewing sarcoma survivors treated in the randomized clinical trial Euro‐EWING99‐R1 in France
Authors: Corvest Victoria , Marec‐Bérard Perrine , Lervat Cyril , Pacquement Hélène , Toulmonde Maud , Gentet Jean‐Claude , Laurence Valérie , Cleirec Morgane , Mansuy Ludovic , Bompas Emmanuelle , Castex Marie‐Pierre , Taque Sophie , Filhon Bruno , Tabone Marie‐Dominique , Verité Cécile , Entz‐Werle Natacha , Saumet Laure , Guimard Gregory , Pondrom Morgane , Chevreau Christine , Flandrin Jennifer , Duranteau Lise , Rousset‐Jablonski Christine , Brugières Laurence , Jimenez Marta , Le Deley Marie‐Cécile , Gaspar Nathalie , Fresneau Brice 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn Euro‐EWING99‐R1 randomized trial, cyclophosphamide was shown to be noninferior to ifosfamide in the consolidation of standard‐risk Ewing sarcoma (SR‐EWS) after a common induction with VIDE (vincristine‐ifosfamide‐doxorubicin‐etoposide). We present the results of the late effects analysis of VAC (vincristine‐dactinomycin‐cyclophoshamide) vs VAI (vincristine‐dactinomycin‐ifosfamide) conducted in Euro‐EWING99‐R1 French cohort. Of 267 French randomized patients, 204 were alive and free‐of‐relapse at 5‐years including 172 with available long‐term follow‐up data concerning cardiac, renal and/or gonadal functions (sex‐ratio M/F = 1.3, median age at diagnosis = 14 years): 84 randomized in VAC (median cumulative doses: cyclophosphamide = 9.7 g/m2, ifosfamide = 59.4 g/m2) and 88 in VAI (ifosfamide = 97.1 g/m2). With a median follow‐up of 10 years (range = 5‐17), five late relapses and five second malignancies were recorded. The 10‐year event‐free survival among 5‐year free‐of‐relapse survivors was similar between VAC and VAI (93% vs 95%, P = .63). We estimated the 10‐year cumulative probabilities of cardiac and kidney toxicities at 4.4% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.1%‐7.6%) and 34.8% (95% CI = 26.8%‐42.0%), respectively. Cardiac toxicity cumulative probability was similar in both arms, whereas kidney toxicity was higher in VAI (at 10 years, 43.0% vs 25.7%, P = .02), resulting from significant difference in glomerular toxicity (31.1% vs 13.1%, P < .01). At 10 years, gonadal toxicity was observed in 27% and 28% of pubertal men and women, respectively, without significant difference between VAC and VAI. Kidney and gonadal toxicities represent major issues in Euro‐EWING99‐R1, with significantly higher risk of kidney toxicities with VAI, without significant gonadal toxicity reduction. These results support the need to limit cumulative doses of both alkylating agents and to use mixed regimen as in VIDE‐VAC or VDC/IE (vincristine‐doxorubicin‐cyclophoshamide/ifosfamide‐etoposide).
Co‐constructing meaning: Parents and children navigating digital literacies together
Authors: Turner Kristen Hawley , Stevens Elizabeth Years , Paciga Kathleen , O'Byrne W. Ian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article documents a collaborative inquiry between four parent–child dyads. Adopting an approach of duoethnography, the collaborative explored the question, “What happens when parents and children co‐construct meaning regarding the challenges and opportunities in using digital technologies?” By positioning youth as co‐researchers, the teams disrupted traditional hierarchical power structures in their homes. The inquiry uncovered a process of building mutual trust through open communication and mediated decision making that empowered adolescents to critique adults' and peers' technology practices while reflecting on their own literacy development.
Photonic sensor to detect rapid changes in CRP levels
Authors: Szczerska Małgorzata , Kosowska Monika , Viter Roman , Wityk Paweł 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOne of the most important biomarkers used to determine inflammation is C‐reactive protein (CRP). Its level, when it is within the range that does not define inflammation, informs about the risk of cardiovascular events. If the norm is exceeded and inflammation is detected in the body, CRP level can increase 1000 times within a few hours. The type of infection can also be determined based on the level of elevated CRP. All this makes CRP a very important element of diagnostics. A sensor based on low coherence interference is presented. Preliminary studies have shown that its sensitivity is 5.65 μg/L and the measurement time is short, <10 min. The entire system is built of commercially available components, which allow production cost minimalization. In addition, the user‐friendly operation allows it to be operated by unqualified people. Due to these features, our solution is a promising alternative to commercially used enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, which needs trained personnel to perform time‐consuming measurement procedures.
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of surface functionalization of titanium with H2O2 hydrothermal treatment and FGF‐2
Authors: Yoneyama Yuya , Matsuno Tomonori , Fujioka‐Kobayashi Masako , Satomi Takafumi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe goals of the study were to investigate the effects on bone bioactivity of a titanium dioxide layer formed by hydrothermal oxidation of a titanium surface with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and loading with fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2) in vitro and in vivo. Ti‐6Al‐4V discs were hydrothermally oxidized with H2O2 and then loaded with FGF‐2. After cytotoxicity testing, Ti‐6Al‐4V mini‐implants were subjected to the same treatment, and their osteogenic potential was evaluated histologically in a rat model. H2O2 hydrothermal oxidation resulted in a dense porous network structure and hydrophilic changes, which improved retention of FGF‐2. Morphologically, the cell density was higher, cell elongation was more pronounced, and the cell adhesion area was significantly higher in FGF‐2‐loaded cells than in those without FGF‐2. In a cell proliferation assay using mouse osteoblast‐like cells, absorbance tended to increase over time, especially in the FGF‐2 group after 7 and 14 days, and in a bone differentiation assay based on ALP activity, there was a significant increase in the FGF‐2 group after 14 days. In the rat model, H2O2 hydrothermal oxidation and FGF‐2 loading both resulted in more laminar bone tissue in the bone marrow around the mini‐implant. These results suggest that titanium surface functionalization by H2O2 hydrothermal oxidation and FGF‐2 may promote initial cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteodifferentiation, and enhance bone bioactivity. These effects all contribute to early bonding of an implant with the surrounding bone.