bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical algorithms for identification and management of delay in the progression of first and second stage of labour
Authors: Pasquale J , Chamillard M , Diaz V , Gialdini C , Bonet M , Oladapo OT , Abalos E , Algorithms Working Group for the WHO Intrapartum Care 
Published: April 2022

AimTo develop clinical algorithms for the assessment and management of slow progress of labour.PopulationLow‐risk singleton, term, pregnant women in labour.SettingInstitutional births in low‐ and middle‐income countries.Search strategyWe systematically reviewed the literature on normal labour progression, and guidance on clinical management of abnormally slow progression from 1 December 2015 to 1 October 2020 from relevant international guidelines, Cochrane reviews and primary research studies in PubMed by searching for international and national guidance documents, electronic databases and published systematic reviews using relevant keywords.Case scenariosWe developed two clinical algorithms: one for abnormally slow labour progression and arrest during first stage and one for the second stage. The algorithms provide definitions of suspected and confirmed slow progress of labour or arrest, initial assessment and ongoing monitoring, differential diagnosis, and management of the abnormalities, as well as links to other algorithms for labour management.ConclusionsIdentifying abnormal progress of labour is often challenging. These algorithms may help healthcare providers identify abnormal labour progress and institute prompt management or referral where needed but also reduce misdiagnosis and unnecessary use of interventions to accelerate labour.Tweetable abstractEvidence‐based clinical algorithms may help and standardize early identification and management of abnormally slow labour progress or arrest.Tweetable abstract
Structural characterization and immunomodulatory effects of extracellular polysaccharide from Lactobacillus paracasei VL8 obtained by gradient ethanol precipitation
Authors: Liu Yuwei , Mao Kemin , Zhang Nan , Chitrakar Bimal , Huang Pimiao , Wang Xianghong , Yang, Bing , Sang Yaxin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this study, gradient ethanol precipitation method was applied to obtain the extracellular polysaccharides of Lactobacillus paracasei VL8 (VL8‐EPS). The yields, physicochemical properties, and immunomodulatory effects of VL8‐EPS obtained by precipitation at different ethanol concentrations (30%, 50%, and 70%, v/v) were compared. The results showed that VL8‐EPSs were high molecular weight sulfated heteropolysaccharides, composed mainly of glucose and galactose, and the alteration of ethanol concentration had an effect on their chemical compositions, molecular weight distributions, monosaccharide composition, and surface structure, while the primary structure remained the same. Among the three polysaccharide fractions, VL8‐EPS50 displayed better immunomodulatory activities compared with VL8‐EPS30 and VL8‐EPS70. VL8‐EPS50 was found to exert immunomodulatory effects by enhancing the phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 cells and to promote their secretion of more nitric oxide; it also showed stronger thermal and solution stability. In summary, there was a correlation between the structural characteristics of polysaccharides and their immunomodulatory activity, and VL8‐EPS50 was preferentially used for in vivo immunomodulatory activity.Practical ApplicationThis study opens up the source of raw materials for functional foods, which can provide some theoretical basis for the research and development of extracellular polysaccharides of lactic acid bacteria and promote their application in the future development of food industry.
A comparative study of acute heat tolerance and meat quality in three chicken breeds
Authors: Liang Hsiao‐Mei , Chang Ti‐Chun , Lin Der‐Yuh , Yang Kuo‐Tai , Cheng Fu‐Yuan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn order to breed a strain that has heat tolerance and meat productivity, the commercial red‐feathered Taiwan native chickens were male (F group), and heat stress resistant strain Taiwan native chickens (Taishu‐9, bred by the Taiwan Livestock Research Institute) were female (TR9 group) to hybridize to generate offspring (F9 group). Three breeds of birds (male) were conducted to compare acute heat stress and meat quality. At 12 weeks of age, TR9 group showed the significantly lowest activity of plasma creatine kinase upon acute heat stress which indicated heat stress resistant in TR9 group as expected. In addition, only limited thermoregulation was obtained in F9 group, while F group exhibited almost no acute heat stress tolerance ability. After slaughtered at 16 weeks of age, the F group revealed poor meat quality in breast meat as pale, soft, and exudative (PSE)‐like muscle samples according to CIE L* and pH value. The F9 group was an offspring of TR9 group with heat tolerance, but it only demonstrated limitation of heat resistance. However, the improve meat quality was obtained in F9 group compared to F group, and that may be contributed from better anti‐stress as like as TR9 group during slaughtering process.
International guidelines regarding the role of IVIG in the management of Rh‐ and ABO‐mediated haemolytic disease of the newborn
Authors: Lieberman Lani , Lopriore Enrico , Baker Jillian M. , Bercovitz Rachel S. , Christensen Robert D. , Crighton Gemma , Delaney Meghan , Goel Ruchika , Hendrickson Jeanne E. , Keir Amy , Landry Denise , La Rocca Ursula , Lemyre Brigitte , Maier Rolf F. , Muniz‐Diaz Eduardo , Nahirniak Susan , New Helen V. , Pavenski Katerina , dos Santos Maria Cristina Pessoa , Ramsey Glenn , Shehata Nadine ,   for the International Collaboration for Transfusion Medicine Guidelines (ICTMG)
Published: April 2022

AbstractHaemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) can be associated with significant morbidity. Prompt treatment with intensive phototherapy (PT) and exchange transfusions (ETs) can dramatically improve outcomes. ET is invasive and associated with risks. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) may be an alternative therapy to prevent use of ET. An international panel of experts was convened to develop evidence‐based recommendations regarding the effectiveness and safety of IVIG to reduce the need for ETs, improve neurocognitive outcomes, reduce bilirubin level, reduce the frequency of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions and severity of anaemia, and/or reduce duration of hospitalization for neonates with Rh or ABO‐mediated HDN. We used a systematic approach to search and review the literature and then develop recommendations from published data. These recommendations conclude that IVIG should not be routinely used to treat Rh or ABO antibody‐mediated HDN. In situations where hyperbilirubinaemia is severe (and ET is imminent), or when ET is not readily available, the role of IVIG is unclear. High‐quality studies are urgently needed to assess the optimal use of IVIG in patients with HDN.
Invasive cervical cancer audit: What lessons can we learn locally and where would we stand with regard to duty of candour?
Authors: Burgess Helen , Ellis Kay , Gillespie Alan M. , Macdonald Madeleine C. , Palmer Julia E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo identify lessons learned locally from the invasive cervical cancer audit. To estimate the impact that the application of ‘Duty of Candour’ may have upon our future service provision.MethodsRetrospective cohort study with interval analysis of all women diagnosed with cervical cancer at Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust between 1 April 2007 to 31 December 2019. Data were collected prospectively with retrospective categorisation by screening history and invasive cervical cancer audit outcomes as satisfactory, satisfactory with learning points, and unsatisfactory.Statistical analysis was performed using the chi‐squared test and paired t‐test.ResultsCervical cancer was diagnosed in 344 women. Seventy‐eight (23%) had no record of prior cervical cytology, 108 (31%) had delayed attendance to the screening programme, 102 (30%) were detected by routine screening, and 56 (16%) were screening programme compliant. Satisfactory management was undertaken in 301 (87.5%) cases, 26 cases (7.5%) were satisfactory with learning points, and 17 cases (5%) were considered as unsatisfactory.ConclusionsSeventeen cases were applicable to the Duty of Candour process equating to 1.3 cases per year, incurring minimal impact upon future service provision. Invasive audit categorisation is subject to bias, however, with the potential for considerable intra‐ and inter‐observer variation; the authors accordingly recommend that a further study be conducted to investigate both the consistency and reproducibility of the invasive cervical cancer audit categorisation.
Epidemiology of skin diseases in Germany: systematic review of the current state of research – part 2: non‐infectious skin diseases
Authors: Hansen Inga , Augustin Matthias , Schäfer Ines , Mohr Nicole 
Published: April 2022

SummaryThe aim of this work was to systematically collect all previously published population‐based epidemiological data on skin diseases in Germany. The present part 2 of the publication series deals with non‐infectious skin diseases. The results on cutaneous tumor diseases (part 1) and infectious skin diseases (part 3) form the other parts of this publication series.A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE for the period of the last 15 years. With the aim of including all dermatologic diseases, a diagnostic list was developed based on the ICD‐11 catalogue. This list included 1,347 skin diseases and formed the basis for the search.The literature search yielded 4,650 hits, of which 72 were included in the synthesis. Among them were 37 publications on non‐infectious skin diseases. Among these, psoriasis and atopic eczema were the most common. The highest lifetime prevalence was found for acne.This work is the first systematic literature review that aimed to report all available epidemiological data on skin diseases in Germany. It was found that representative data on many non‐infectious diseases are not yet available. Among the included studies, there was a high heterogeneity regarding the methodology. Nevertheless, the utility of these epidemiological data is wide‐ranging and can serve as a reference of various epidemiological questions.
Barriers and facilitators to the use of personal information documents in health and social care settings for people living with dementia: A thematic synthesis and mapping to the COM‐B framework
Authors: Clark Emily , Wood Fiona , Wood Suzanne 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionPeople living with dementia experience communication difficulties. Personal information documents, or healthcare passports, enable communication of information essential for the care of a person with dementia. Despite the potential for providing person‐centred care, personal information documents are not ubiquitously used. The Capability Opportunity Motivation—Behaviour (COM‐B) model can be used to understand factors determining individuals' behaviours.ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify the barriers to and facilitators of the use of healthcare passports for people living with dementia through a systematic review methodology.MethodsA systematic search of six electronic databases was undertaken. Grey literature was searched using three databases. All study types reporting barriers to or facilitators of the use of personal information documents in the care of adults living with dementia in high‐income countries were included. Study quality was assessed using the NICE Quality Appraisal Checklist. Thematic synthesis was used to develop descriptive themes, which were subsequently mapped to the COM‐B framework.ResultsNineteen papers were included. Themes included training, awareness, embedding the process in norms and appreciating the value of the personal information documents. A broad range of barriers and facilitators was identified within each COM‐B domain.ConclusionThis framework provides a starting point for evidence‐informed initiatives to improve the use of personal information documents in the care of people with dementia.Patient and Public ContributionThis is a review of studies and did not involve patients or the public. Review results will guide evaluation of a local personal information document, which will be designed with input from the Dementia Champions Network (includes carers and other stakeholders).
Peripheral B‐cell dysregulation is associated with relapse after long‐term quiescence in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Marsh‐Wakefield Felix , Juillard Pierre , Ashhurst Thomas M , Juillard Annette , Shinko Diana , Putri Givanna H , Read Mark N , McGuire Helen M , Byrne Scott N , Hawke Simon , Grau Georges E 
Published: April 2022

AbstractB cells play a major role in multiple sclerosis (MS), with many successful therapeutics capable of removing them from circulation. One such therapy, alemtuzumab, is thought to reset the immune system without the need for ongoing therapy in a proportion of patients. The exact cells contributing to disease pathogenesis and quiescence remain to be identified. We utilized mass cytometry to analyze B cells from the blood of patients with relapse‐remitting MS (RRMS) before and after alemtuzumab treatment, and during relapse. A complementary RRMS cohort was analyzed by single‐cell RNA sequencing. The R package “Spectre” was used to analyze these data, incorporating FlowSOM clustering, sparse partial least squares‐discriminant analysis and permutational multivariate analysis of variance. Immunoglobulin (Ig)A+ and IgG1+ B‐cell numbers were altered, including higher IgG1+ B cells during relapse. B‐cell linker protein (BLNK), CD40 and CD210 expression by B cells was lower in patients with RRMS compared with non‐MS controls, with similar results at the transcriptomic level. Finally, alemtuzumab restored BLNK, CD40 and CD210 expression by IgA+ and IgG1+ B cells, which was altered again during relapse. These data suggest that impairment of IgA+ and IgG1+ B cells may contribute to MS pathogenesis, which can be restored by alemtuzumab.
A cross‐kingdom view on the immunomodulatory role of MIF/D‐DT proteins in mammalian and plant Pseudomonas infections
Authors: Panstruga Ralph , Donnelly Seamas C. , Bernhagen Jürgen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGram‐negative Pseudomonas bacteria are largely harmless saprotrophs, but some species can be potent pathogens of both plants and mammals. Macrophage migration‐inhibitory factor (MIF) and its homologue D‐dopachrome tautomerase (D‐DT, also referred to as MIF‐2) are multifunctional proteins that in addition to their intracellular functions also serve as extracellular signalling molecules (cytokines) in orchestrating mammalian immune responses. It recently emerged that plants also possess MIF‐like proteins, termed MIF/D‐DT‐like (MDL) proteins. We here provide a comparative cross‐kingdom view on the immunomodulatory role of MIF and MDL proteins during Pseudomon as infections in mammals and plants. Although in both kingdoms the lack of MIF/MDL proteins is associated with a reduction in bacterial load and disease symptoms, the underlying molecular principles seem to be different. We provide a perspective for future research activities to unravel additional commonalities and differences in the MIF/MDL‐mediated adjustment of antibacterial immune activities.
Consistency of self‐reported and documented historical influenza vaccination status of US healthcare workers
Authors: Regan Annette K. , Wesley Meredith G. , Gaglani Manjusha , Kim Sara S. , Edwards Laura J. , Murthy Kempapura , Jeddy Zuha , Naleway Allison L. , Flannery Brendan , Dawood Fatimah S. , Groom Holly 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundHealthcare personnel (HCP) are a priority group for annual influenza vaccination. Few studies have assessed the validity of recall of prior influenza vaccination status among HCP, especially for more than one preceding season.MethodsUsing data from a randomized controlled trial of influenza vaccination among 947 HCP from two US healthcare systems, we assessed agreement between participant self‐report and administrative record documentation of influenza vaccination status during the preceding five influenza seasons; kappa coefficients and sensitivity values were calculated. Administrative record documentation was considered the gold standard. Documented vaccination sources included electronic medical records, employee health records, outside immunization providers, and the state immunization information system.ResultsAmong 683 HCP with prior influenza immunization information, 89.7% (95% CI: 87.2%, 91.9%) of HCP were able to self‐report their vaccination status for the season preceding the survey. By the fifth preceding season, 82.6% (95% CI: 79.5%, 85.3%) of HCP were able to self‐report. Among HCP who self‐reported their vaccination status, agreement between self‐report and documented vaccination status ranged from 81.9% (95% CI: 77.2%, 86.7%) for the fifth season to 90.5% (95% CI: 87.2%, 93.9%) for the season preceding interview. HCP who received vaccine for only some of the preceding five seasons (18.3%) more commonly had ≥2 errors in their recall compared with those vaccinated all five preceding seasons (55.7% vs. 4.3%).ConclusionsSelf‐reported vaccination status is a reliable source for historical influenza vaccination information among HCP who are consistently vaccinated but less reliable for those with a history of inconsistent vaccination.
Large pyroelectricity via engineered ferroelectric‐relaxor phase boundary
Authors: Li Ling , Wang Shuhao , Li Xiang , Sha Yuxing , Liu Zhen , Liu Lisha , Zhang Ji , Zhang Shan‐Tao , Wang Yaojin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
With growing demand for high‐sensitivity infrared detectors in industrial temperature monitoring and medical systems, high‐performance pyroelectric materials are vitally required. In this work, large pyroelectric performance is achieved in (1 − x)Pb0.99Nb0.02[(Zr0.57Sn0.43)0.937Ti0.063]0.98O3–xBaTiO3 (1 − x)PNZST–xBT ceramics by tuning the ferroelectric (FE)‐relaxor phase boundary near room temperature. The FE‐ and ergodic‐relaxor phase boundaries are engineered by breaking the long‐range antiferroelectric order with the introduction of BaTiO3. It is found that the ceramics with x = 0.15 exhibit a large pyroelectric coefficient of 11.3 × 10–4 C m–2 K–1 and figures of merit of Fi = 20.1 × 10–10 m V–1, Fv = 3.44 × 10–2 m2 C–1, and Fd = 3.87 × 10–5 Pa–1/2 around room temperature due to engineered phase boundary. Our results provide the potential technological application for ultrasensitive infrared detector and scientific insights into pyroelectric ceramic design.
Post‐Pleistocene dispersal explains the Rapoport effect in North American salamanders
Authors: Radomski Tom , Kuchta Shawn R. , Kozak Kenneth H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsIn many taxa, the latitudinal span of species' geographic ranges are positively correlated with median latitude (the Rapoport effect). This correlation is frequently explained as adaptation to contemporary climate; however, variability in post‐glacial range expansion among species could also explain this observation. We analyse geographic data for North American salamanders to test the potential causes of Rapoport effects.LocationTemperate North America.TaxonSalamanders (order Caudata).MethodsWe tested for a Rapoport effect by estimating correlations between the latitudinal midpoint and latitudinal range among species. Next, we manipulated species' latitudinal ranges by removing post‐glacial habitat and assessing the impact of species demonstrating post‐glacial range expansion in forming a Rapoport effect. We built ecological niche models for species found south of the Wisconsin Ice Sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum and transferred these models to post‐glacial areas. If dispersal is important in forming a Rapoport effect, then some species may tolerate northern climates but have not expanded northward as a result of variation in geographic access to post‐glacial habitats. We created binary ecological niche models by thresholding using the equal sensitivity and specificity value.ResultsWe recovered a Rapoport effect that was robust to the null models we tested. Analyses that manipulated ranges and species pools supported a role for variation in post‐glacial range expansion among species, especially for eastern North America. Results from transferring ecological niche models indicated that species have suitable habitat north of their range limit.Main conclusionsVariation in post‐glacial range expansion is important in shaping geographic range size clines among species in areas where climates changed rapidly, though we also found support for the climatic variability hypothesis. Post‐glacial colonization and range expansion likely plays an important role in forming latitudinal biodiversity gradients in northern taxa. While ecophysiology and biotic interactions have been emphasized as important contributors to diversity gradients, our study indicates that post‐glacial colonization also plays a key role in forming latitudinal gradients.
Investigating oral and systemic pathways between unhealthy and healthy dietary patterns to periodontitis in adolescents: A population‐based study
Authors: Costa Susilena Arouche , Nascimento Gustavo G. , Colins Patrícia Maria Gomes , Alves Cláudia Maria Coelho , Thomaz Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca , Carvalho Souza Soraia de Fátima , da Silva Antônio Augusto Moura , Ribeiro Cecilia Claudia Costa 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate pathways between unhealthy and healthy dietary patterns and periodontitis in adolescents (18–19 years of age).Materials and MethodsThis population‐based study (n = 2515) modelled direct and mediated pathways (via biofilm and obesity) from patterns of healthy diet (fruits, fibre, vegetables, and dairy) and unhealthy diet (sugars, snacks, and salty/fast foods) with initial periodontitis (bleeding on probing [BoP], probing depth [PD] ≥ 4 mm, clinical attachment loss [CAL] ≥ 4 mm), moderate periodontitis (BoP, PD ≥ 5 mm, and CAL ≥ 5 mm), and European Federation of Periodontology and the American Academy of Periodontology (EFP‐AAP) periodontitis definitions, adjusting for sex, socio‐economic status, smoking, and alcohol, through structural equation modelling (α = 5%).ResultsHigher values of healthy diet were associated with lower values of initial periodontitis (standardized coefficient [SC] = −0.160; p < .001), moderate periodontitis (SC = −0.202; p < .001), and EFP‐AAP periodontitis (p < .05). A higher value of unhealthy diet was associated with higher values of initial periodontitis (SC = 0.134; p = .005) and moderate periodontitis (SC = 0.180; p < .001). Biofilm mediated the association between higher values of unhealthy diet and all periodontal outcomes (p < .05).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that both healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns may contribute to reduced or increased extent and severity of periodontitis by local and systemic mechanisms, preceding the effect of other established causes such as smoking and obesity, in younger population.