bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategy of Enhancing Built‐in Field to Promote the Application of C‐TiO2/SnO2 Bilayer Electron Transport Layer in High‐Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells (24.3%)
Authors: Shu Hui , Peng Changtao , Chen Qian , Huang Zhangfeng , Deng Chen , Luo Wenjie , Li Haijin , Zhang Wenfeng , Zhang Wenhua , Huang Yuelong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCombining two kinds of electron transport layer (ETL) which have complementary advantages into a bilayer structure to form a bilayer ETL is an effective way to transcend inherent limitations of single‐layer ETL, which is very helpful in the development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, a strategy is proposed to break constraints on the application of the staggered bilayer ETL in high‐efficiency PSC, namely utilizing a built‐in field to overcome the dilemma in ECBM making it possible to improve VOC and FF simultaneously by tuning the Fermi level of ETLs properly. According to the strategy, a bilayer ETL structure comprised of C‐TiO2 and SnO2 layer and corresponding Li‐doping process are developed, and the characterization results confirm the effectiveness of the strategy, making the potentials of the C‐TiO2(Li)/SnO2 bilayer ETL fully released for its application in high‐efficiency PSCs: a VOC of 1.201 V for an ordinary triple‐cation‐perovskite‐based PSC and a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 24.3% for a low‐bandgap‐perovskite‐based PSC with high haze FTO superstrate are successfully achieved, indicating that the C‐TiO2(Li)/SnO2 bilayer ETL is a successful application paradigm of the proposed strategy and very promising in the application of high‐efficiency PSCs.
A large‐scalable spraying‐spinning process for multifunctional electronic yarns
Authors: Gan Linli , Zeng Zhen , Lu Haojie , Li Daiqi , Wei Ke , Cai Guangming , Zhang Yingying 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElectronic fibers/textiles have great potential for applications in smart wearables due to their excellent flexibility, air permeability, and wearing comfort. However, it is still challenging to produce reliable electronic textiles at low cost and in a large scale. Herein, we report a spraying‐spinning process for fabricating electronic yarns with excellent stability and durability. Cotton sliver, which is the raw material for spinning conventional cotton yarns, was spray coated with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and spun on an Ag@nylon yarn, forming a sheath‐core structured CNT@cotton‐Ag@nylon yarn (CCAY). The process is continuous, large‐scalable, applicable to other raw fiber materials and compatible with traditional textile processes. The as‐prepared CCAY showed superior mechanical durability, washability, and conductivity to typical surface coated yarns. It can be easily processed or integrated into textiles through weaving, knitting, sewing, and embroidering. We systematically studied the electromechanical, electro‐thermal, and photothermal performance of CCAY based yarns/fabrics, demonstrating its versatile applications in smart textiles. In addition, CCAY can be further equipped with other features, such as electro‐thermochromic functions, pH sensing and flame resistant abilities. Considering the large‐scalability, versatility, and low‐cost, we foresee that this spraying‐spinning process for electronic yarns may play important roles in the development of practical smart fibers/textiles.
Developments in the functions of autobiographical memory: An advanced review
Authors: Sow Farrah , Dijkstra Katinka , Janssen Steve M. J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this advanced review, the development of the three most commonly used functions of autobiographical memory—directing behavior, social bonding, and self‐continuity—and the support they have received in the literature are discussed. Support for this tripartite model often comes from correlational studies that use self‐report measures, but participants in these studies may not be aware that they retrieved autobiographical memories to fulfill certain goals. Not only is more experimental research needed to confirm the findings from correlational studies, this kind of research needs to be more rigorous. Moreover, the functions of the tripartite model may not be the only autobiographical memory functions that can be distinguished. For example, there is already substantial support for the emotion‐regulation function. Although memories can be used for multiple functions, patterns between aspects of the event (e.g., emotional valence) or memory (e.g., specificity) and their functionality have been found. In addition, individual differences (e.g., cultural background, depression symptoms) and situational factors (e.g., is there a goal that needs to be fulfilled) may regulate the functional deployment of autobiographical memories. Future research should therefore extend its focus on the conditions in which these functions can be observed.This article is categorized under:
Psychology > Memory
Surgical management of facial dog bite trauma: A contemporary perspective and review
Authors: Chen Tiffany , Karim Maria , Grace Zachary T. , Magdich Andrew R. , Carniol Eric C. , Benson Brian E. , Svider Peter F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo perform a review evaluating management of and complications stemming from dog bite trauma sustained to the head and neck over the past decade.Data SourcesPubMed and Cochrane Library.MethodsThe authors searched the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases for relevant published literature. A total of 12 peer‐reviewed canine‐exclusive series inclusive of 1384 patient cases describing facial dog bite trauma met inclusion criteria. Wounds including fractures, lacerations, contusions, and other soft‐tissue injuries were evaluated. Demographics related to clinical course and management, operating room requirements, and antibiotic usage were compiled and analyzed. Initial trauma and surgical management complications were also assessed.Results75.5% of patients sustaining dog bites required surgical intervention. Of these patients, 7.8% suffered from postsurgical complications, including hypertrophic scarring (4.3%), postoperative infection (0.8%), or nerve deficits and persistent paresthesias (0.8%). Prophylactic antibiotics were administered to 44.3% of patients treated for facial dog bites and the overall infection rate was 5.6%. Concomitant fracture was present in 1.0% of patients.ConclusionPrimary closure, often in the OR may be necessary, with few cases requiring grafts or flaps. Surgeons should be aware that the most common complication is hypertrophic scarring. Further research is needed to elucidate the role of prophylactic antibiotics.
It's time to manage mountain lions in Texas
Authors: Elbroch L. Mark , Harveson Patricia M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMountain lions, also called cougars, pumas and Florida panthers, are a wide‐ranging, large felid in the western hemisphere. Every U.S. state in which there are breeding populations of mountain lions offer the species some level of protection, except Texas. Here, we summarize historical research on mountain lions in Texas, human perceptions about the species, and historical discussions within Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) about mountain lion management obtained via the Public Information Act (Texas Government Code, Ch. 552). To date, genetic research supports 2 distinct mountain lion populations, one west of the Pecos River and another in South Texas, which evidence suggests is suffering from isolation and is in immediate risk of extinction. Anthropogenic mortality rates in Texas are among the highest in the U.S., and well beyond the suggested harvest rates recommended to maintain stable mountain lion populations. Similarly, adult female mountain lion survival in Texas suggests that populations were likely declining when the studies were active. Internally, TPWD has repeatedly discussed initiating a mountain lion management policy, the benefits of requiring mandatory reporting for all mountain lion mortalities, as well as the unreliable nature of sightings data, which they have historically used as a metric for abundance. Public support, including among rural communities, is good for both mountain lions and TPWD. Ultimately, we present evidence to suggest that it is time to actively manage mountain lions in Texas and for the TPWD to create a management plan for the species. A management plan is both necessary to fulfill state mandates for the protection of nongame species, as well as to build a science‐based conservation strategy for the species.
Examples for Nuclear Safeguards Applications
Authors: Hendricks John S. , Swinhoe Martyn T. , Favalli Andrea 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFour simplified examples of actual safeguard calculations are provided. First is a combined (α,n) and spontaneous fission source in a nuclear fuel assembly in a water tank with fission detectors. Second is an HLNC2 high level neutron coincidence counter for spontaneous fission and (α,n) neutron multiplicity counting. Third is an NaI scintillation detector for a photon pulse-height tally measurement of a photon source from a cylindrical UO2pellet. Fourth is a Cf shuffler, utilizing a252Cf spontaneous fission source, used to measure a nuclear material item, with3He tubes measuring the time-dependent delayed neutron buildup signature. The MCNP output from these calculations provides the data for safeguard analysis.
Collision of localized shocks in AdS5 as a series expansion in transverse gradients
Authors: Waeber Sebastian , Yaffe Laurence G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We introduce a computational framework to more efficiently calculate the collision of localized shocks in five dimensional asymptotically Anti-de Sitter space. We expand the Einstein equations in transverse gradients and find that our numerical results agree well with exact solutions already at first order in the expansion. Moreover, the Einstein equations at first order in transverse gradients can be decoupled into two sets of differential equations. The bulk fields of one of these sets has only a negligible contribution to boundary observables, such that the computation on each time slice can be simplified to the solution of several planar shockwave equations plus four further differential equations for each transverse plane ‘pixel’. At the cost of errors of ≲ 10% at the hydrodynamization time and for low to mid rapidities, useful numerical solutions can be sped up by roughly one order of magnitude.
Effective gravitational couplings of higher-rank supersymmetric gauge theories
Authors: John Renjan Rajan , Mahato Sujoy , Raman Madhusudhan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
When placed on four-manifolds, $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 gauge theories couple to topological invariants of the background via two functions A and B. General considerations allow for these functions to be fixed in terms of the Coulomb moduli and other parameters in the theory, but only up to multiplicative factors about which little is known. We extend earlier work on the microscopic study of these functions in the Ω-background to $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2* gauge theories with higher-rank U(N) gauge groups. We complement this analysis by carrying out a perturbative study of these functions. This allows us to determine the manner in which these multiplicative factors scale with the rank of the gauge group and the mass of the adjoint hypermultiplet.
Poincaré profiles of Lie groups and a coarse geometric dichotomy
Authors: Hume David , Mackay John M. , Tessera Romain 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPoincaré profiles are analytically defined invariants, which provide obstructions to the existence of coarse embeddings between metric spaces. We calculate them for all connected unimodular Lie groups, Baumslag–Solitar groups and Thurston geometries, demonstrating two substantially different types of behaviour. For Lie groups, our dichotomy extends both the rank one versus higher rank dichotomy for semisimple Lie groups and the polynomial versus exponential growth dichotomy for solvable unimodular Lie groups. We provide equivalent algebraic, quasi-isometric and coarse geometric formulations of this dichotomy. As a consequence, we deduce that for groups of the form $$N\times S$$

N
×
S

, where N is a connected nilpotent Lie group, and S is a rank one simple Lie group, both the growth exponent of N, and the conformal dimension of S are non-decreasing under coarse embeddings. These results are new even for quasi-isometric embeddings and give obstructions which in many cases improve those previously obtained by Buyalo–Schroeder.
Cooperative approach to a location problem with agglomeration economies
Authors: Bergantiños Gustavo , Navarro-Ramos Adriana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper considers agglomeration economies. A new firm is planning to open a plant in a country divided into several regions. Each firm receives a positive externality if the new plant is located in its region. In a decentralized mechanism, the plant would be opened in the region where the new firm maximizes its individual benefit. Due to the externalities, it could be the case that the aggregate utility of all firms is maximized in a different region. Thus, the firms in the optimal region could transfer something to the new firm in order to incentivize it to open the plant in that region. We propose two rules that provide two different schemes for transfers between firms already located in the country and the newcomer. The first is based on cooperative game theory. This rule coincides with the $$\tau$$
τ
-value, the nucleolus, and the per capita nucleolus of the associated cooperative game. The second is defined directly. We provide axiomatic characterizations for both rules. We characterize the core of the cooperative game. We prove that both rules belong to the core.
Real-time colorectal polyp detection using a novel computer-aided detection system (CADe): a feasibility study
Authors: Soons E. , Rath T. , Hazewinkel Y. , van Dop W. A. , Esposito D. , Testoni P. A. , Siersema P. D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background and aims

Colonoscopy aims to early detect and remove precancerous colorectal polyps, thereby preventing development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, computer-aided detection (CADe) systems have been developed to assist endoscopists in polyp detection during colonoscopy. The aim of this study was to investigate feasibility and safety of a novel CADe system during real-time colonoscopy in three European tertiary referral centers.

Methods
Ninety patients undergoing colonoscopy assisted by a real-time CADe system (DISCOVERY; Pentax Medical, Tokyo, Japan) were prospectively included. The CADe system was turned on only at withdrawal, and its output was displayed on secondary monitor. To study feasibility, inspection time, polyp detection rate (PDR), adenoma detection rate (ADR), sessile serrated lesion (SSL) detection rate (SDR), and the number of false positives were recorded. To study safety, (severe) adverse events ((S)AEs) were collected. Additionally, user friendliness was rated from 1 (worst) to 10 (best) by endoscopists.

Results
Mean inspection time was 10.8 ± 4.3 min, while PDR was 55.6%, ADR 28.9%, and SDR 11.1%. The CADe system users estimated that < 20 false positives occurred in 81 colonoscopy procedures (90%). No (S)AEs related to the CADe system were observed during the 30-day follow-up period. User friendliness was rated as good, with a median score of 8/10.

Conclusion
Colonoscopy with this novel CADe system in a real-time setting was feasible and safe. Although PDR and SDR were high compared to previous studies with other CADe systems, future randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these detection rates. The high SDR is of particular interest since interval CRC has been suggested to develop frequently through the serrated neoplasia pathway.

Clinical Trial Registration
The study was registered in the Dutch Trial Register (reference number: NL8788).
Mixed reality depth contour occlusion using binocular similarity matching and three-dimensional contour optimisation
Authors: Ji Naye , Zhang Fan , Zhang Haoxiang , Zhao Youbing , Yu Dingguo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMixed reality applications often require virtual objects that are partly occluded by real objects. However, previous research and commercial products have limitations in terms of performance and efficiency. To address these challenges, we propose a novel depth contour occlusion (DCO) algorithm. The proposed method is based on the sensitivity of contour occlusion and a binocular stereoscopic vision device. In this method, a depth contour map is combined with a sparse depth map obtained from a two-stage adaptive filter area stereo matching algorithm and the depth contour map of the objects extracted by a digital image stabilisation optical flow method. We also propose a quadratic optimisation model with three constraints to generate an accurate dense map of the depth contour for high-quality real-virtual occlusion. The whole process is accelerated by GPU. To evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm, we demonstrate a time consumption statistical analysis for each stage of the DCO algorithm execution. To verify the reliability of the real-virtual occlusion effect, we conduct an experimental analysis on single-sided, enclosed, and complex occlusions. Subsequently, we compare it with the occlusion method without quadratic optimisation. With our GPU implementation for real-time DCO, the evaluation indicates that applying the presented DCO algorithm enhances the real-time performance and the visual quality of real-virtual occlusion.
A review on the handling of discounting in eco-efficiency analysis
Authors: Lueddeckens Stefan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Decisions on measures reducing environmental damage or improving environmental impact are usually constrained by financial limitations. Eco-efficiency analysis has emerged as a practical decision support tool by integrating environmental and economic performance. Environmental impact, as well as economic revenues and expenses, are usually distributed over a certain time scale. The temporal distribution of economic data is frequently assessed by discounting while discounting of environmental impact is rather uncommon. The scope of this paper is to reveal if this assumed inconsistency is common in eco-efficiency assessment literature, what reasons and interrelations with indicators exist and what solutions are proposed. Therefore, a systematic literature review is conducted and 35 publications are assessed. Theoretical eco-efficiency definitions and applied eco-efficiency indicators, as well as applied environmental and economic assessment methods, are compared here, but it is revealed that none of the empirical literature findings applied or discussed environmental discounting. It was, however, found in methodical literature. It is concluded that the theoretical foundation for the application of discounting on environmental impact is still insufficient and that even the theoretical foundation of economic discounting in studies is often poor. Further research and, eventually, a practical framework for environmental discounting would be beneficial for better-founded, more “eco-efficient” decisions.

Graphical Abstract
Disseminating Evidence-Based Interventions for Adolescent HIV Treatment and Prevention in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Atujuna Millicent , Tucker Joseph , Crooks Natasha , Zanoni Brian , Donenberg Geri R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOver two-thirds of adolescents living with HIV worldwide reside in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Despite widespread availability and access to evidence-based HIV prevention and treatment, dissemination has been inadequate. This commentary distinguishes between implementation and dissemination, reflecting on the unique barriers to dissemination of evidence-based programs in SSA. We present a seven-strategy blueprint developed by United States Agency for International Development (USAID) that emphasizes targeted communication about research findings. Two case studies from the Adolescent HIV Implementation Science Alliance are presented to illustrate the value of planning for dissemination. We propose recommendations to strengthen dissemination recognizing that these may not be possible or appropriate in all situations, including developing a plan early in the process, engaging a dissemination technical team for support, the application of methodological rigor and theory to inform dissemination, active involvement of youth voices and digital tools to maximize message reach, and a keen recognition of evolving contexts and shifting priorities in order to nimbly tailor messages as needed.
Students’ perceptions of their first experiences of secondary-school science in New Zealand
Authors: Taylor Simon Peter 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this article, I report a two-year study of working closely with science teachers and examining perceptions of Year 9 (12–13 year olds) students in 13 New Zealand secondary schools. The Constructivist Learning Environment Survey (CLES) was used. The questionnaire was administered to 327 students in the first year and 362 students in the second year to find out their perceptions of their preferred learning environments in order to compare this with their perceptions of the actual situation. The data were used to plan improvements in learning environments through a teacher professional learning process by redesigning programmes and encouraging changes in students’ classroom behaviours. Co-constructive learning strategies and reshaping of lessons to include current topics were used as tools to encourage students’ expression of opinions, personal relevance and shared control in their learning. After each subsequent year-long intervention, the CLES was re-administered to reveal that there had indeed been an improvement. The research is distinctive because it is a learning environment study in New Zealand schools examining students’ psychosocial perceptions related to their first-year experiences of science at the secondary level.
Refractive index sensor based on plasmonic D-shaped photonic crystal fiber with pyramid grating
Authors: Elmahdy Nagat A. , Hameed Mohamed Farhat O. , Obayya S. S. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, highly sensitive D-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor with plasmonic pyramid grating is introduced and analyzed. The sensing mechanism depends on the coupling between the fundamental core mode and the surface plasmon mode around the plasmonic pyramid grating. The resonance frequency depends on the analyte refractive index (RI) which can be employed to detect the analyte RI changes. The geometrical parameters of the proposed PCF and gold pyramid grating are studied to enhance the RI sensor sensitivity. The simulation results are obtained using full vectorial finite element method. The suggested sensor has higher sensitivity of 5200 nm/RIU than 3340 nm/RIU of the conventional grating design through the studied RI range from 1.355 to 1.385. Therefore, the reported RI sensor can be used for basal cancer cell detection with normal and cancerous cells’ refractive indices of 1.36 and 1.38, respectively. Additionally, linear performance is achieved using the reported design.