bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogel Conductivity Impacts Skin Dose from Tumor Treating Fields
Authors: Lok Edwin , Liang Olivia , Clark Matthew , Malik Talbia , Wong Eric T 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) disrupt tumor cells while they are undergoing mitosis. In patients, transducer arrays are applied to scalp or body surface for treatment of glioblastomas, mesothelioma, or other systemic malignancies. Dermatologic complications are thought to be related to hydrogel, which is applied between the electrodes and scalp or skin surface to facilitate electric field penetration. But the high intensity of TTFields on these surfaces may also be a contributing factor.Methods and Materials: Magnetic resonance imaging data sets from 7 glioblastoma patients and attenuation-corrected positron emission tomography–computed tomography data sets from 3 non-small cell lung carcinoma and 2 ovarian carcinoma patients were used to fully segment various anatomic structures. A 3-dimensional finite element mesh model was generated and then solved for the distribution of applied electric fields, rate of energy deposition, and current density at the gross tumor volumes (GTVs) and clinical target volumes (CTVs). Electric field-volume histograms, specific absorption rate–volume histograms, and current density-volume histograms were generated, by which plan quality metrics were used to evaluate relative differences in field coverage between models at various hydrogel conductivities.Results: TTFields coverage at the GTV or CTV increased up to 0.5 S/m for head and 1.0 S/m for thorax and pelvis models, and no additional increase was observed after these saturation points. The scalp and skin hotspots also increased accordingly. Although the scalp hotspots increased by +4.2%, +7.5%, and +3.2% in E5%, SAR5%, and CD5%, the skin hotspots increased by as much as +21.7%, +51.3%, and +41.0%, respectively.Conclusion: TTFields delivery for the treatment of cancer can be modulated by the conductivity of the hydrogel at the transducer-scalp or transducer-skin interface. Optimizing this aspect of TTFields delivery may increase tumor control while minimizing toxicity at the scalp or skin.
Existence and Hyers-Ulam stability results for abstract equations in Banach lattices and application
Authors: Benkaci-Ali Nadir 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we are interested in the existence and Hyers-Ulam stability for the abstract equation in Banach lattices and application. In the application, we transform the given fractional differential system of (p₁,p₂,...,pn)-Laplacian Hilfer equations into an equivalent integral equation. Then we establish sufficient conditions and employ the fixed point index arguments and spectral theory to obtain new results on the existence and Hyers-Uulam stability. Examples illustrating the main theoritical results are also constructed. This work contains several new ideas, and gives a unified approach applicable to many types of initial value systems involving (p₁,p₂,...,pn)-Laplacian type operators
Cuproptosis-related genes signature is associated with tumor progression, PD-L1 stability and bystander T cells in esophageal carcinoma
Authors: Sun Qiang , Jiang Runmin , Huan Yu , Li Yan , Zhang Feng , Jiang Tao , Gao Xinyue 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is a common type of cancer with high mortality. Cuproptosis is a new type of cell death and characterized by the dependence on mitochondrial respiration and protein lipoylation. However, the potential roles of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in ESCA remains elusive. Here, we systematically assessed the transcriptional and genetic alterations of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in ESCA. We identified a cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) signature for ESCA patients. A 6-CRGs signature was constructed by Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis along with the univariate cox regression analysis and differential genes analysis. The CRGs score could significantly stratify ESCA patients’ survival and high CRGs score was significantly correlated with bad overall survival. Moreover, higher CRGs score indicated higher pathology grades and aberrant cell adhesion, possibly via the PI3K-AKT pathway, which could also underly their more sensitivity to PI3K-AKT pathway inhibitors as well. In addition, patients with high CRGs were tend to hold more mutation loading and abnormal APOBEC mutation. Notably, higher CRGs score was anomalously associated with more immune infiltration, while could explain its malignancy by more PD-L1 stability and more proportion of bystander T cells. In conclusion, our report revealed the significance of cuproptosis in ESCA and held a potential therapeutic promise of activating the bystander T cells.
Angiotensin II-pretreated hucMSCs attenuate inflammation and reverse pulmonary fibrosis in SD rat lung
Authors: wang wei , Song Aishi , Deng Weiyue , Zhang Yuying , Mukama Omar , Habimana Jean de Dieu , Xie Wei , Zhou Peng , Li AmyL , Li Jiaxing , Deng Sihao , Ni Bin , Peng Kexin , Zhang Shusheng , Yan Xiaoxin , Huang Jufang , Li Zhiyuan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an irreversible disease with a poor prognosis and a serious impact on patients' health. PF is also associated with COVID-19, especially in immunocompromised people. Herein, efforts have been made to treat PF using pretreatment of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) with angiotensin II (Ang II) as a novel therapeutic method.
Results
Our results first showed that Ang II pretreatment induced more hucMSCs to reach the injured lung and alleviated pulmonary fibrosis. Transplantation of hucMSCs-Ang II reduced inflammatory infiltration, increased IL-10 expression and enhanced macrophage matrix-metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) expression for collagen degradation. Moreover, the Ang II-treated hucMSCs decreased hydroxyproline (HYP) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in SD rats and promoted collagen and collagen fiber degradation.
Conclusions
Ang II pretreatment enhanced the homing ability of hucMSCs, and hucMSCs-Ang II transplantation reversed PF by inhibiting inflammation and promoting collagen and collagen fiber degradation, promising its clinical application in the treatment of post-inflammatory PF caused by various disorders, including COVID-19 and related pneumonia.
Bilateral and symmetrical accessory digastric muscles
Authors: Li Zhikai , Shen Xinhua , Wang Naili , Ma Chao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
During dissection of the suprahyoid region, a pair of big bilaterally symmetrical anomalous accessory digastric muscles were discovered, which lay superficial to the mylohyoid muscle and occupied nearly all the area between the anterior bellies of digastric muscle. The bilateral anomalous muscles formed a trapezoid. Its base connected the left and right intermediate tendons of digastric muscle and free from the hyoid bone. The lower portion was thick and the muscle fibers ran horizontally. The upper portion became thin while running medially and superiorly, and eventually formed an aponeurosis attached to the lower margin of the mandible between the digastric fossae. In the midline, the bilateral muscle fibers crossed each other and fused deeply with the mylohyoid raphe. In addition, the intermediate tendon of digastric muscle didn’t pass through the stylohyoid muscle and had no fibrous sling on both sides, whereas it crossed over and lay superior and lateral to the stylohyoid muscle. No other morphologic abnormalities were found in this region. This unique coexisted variation of anterior bellies and intermediate tendons has not been previously reported in the literature. It is important to be familiar with the digastric variations both in anatomy teaching and in clinic practice.
Arsenic Hazard Mapping of Ranchi City using QGIS
Authors: Ballabh Varad , Mahto Rupesh , Kumar Diwesh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Water used for the drinking purpose should be free from any contamination like Arsenic, Nitrite, Iron etc. Arsenic is one of the most hazardous substances found in underground water. It is very difficult to detect the presence of Arsenic in the groundwater and a lot of research is going on in this regard. Ranchi is capital of Jharkhand state situated at 23.36-degree North to 85.33-degree East. Tropic of Cancer is passing through the city at 23.4-degree North. Ranchi city has a population of about 1.073 million as per 2011 census. This paper presents the arsenic mapping of the Ranchi city. With the help of multivariate interpolation it is found that the maximum value of Arsenic is 212.998 microgram per liter near Tunki Tola. The minimum value of Arsenic is below desired level (BDL) at Sidhu Kanhu Park. This result can be used to aware the people to stop using or installing any new borewell in the Arsenic affected area.
Error Estimates of Hermite-Hadamard type Inequalities on Quantum Calculus
Authors: Samraiz Muhammad , Saeed Kanwal , Naheed Saima , Nonlaopon Kamsing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we establish error estimates of Hermite-Hadamard inequalities corresponding $_{\zeta_{1}}q$-fractional calculus operators via (α,m)$-convex functions. Identity is used to examine the main results of this study. The results in the literature are obtained as remarks on our general consequences.
Morphological characteristics and changes in the Upper Reach Gumara River in Ethiopia from 1957 to 2020
Authors: Melsse Dessie Wubetu , Tegegne Moges Animut , Zewudu Getanew Sewunetu , Mebre Daniel wondie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Human intervention with the natural landscape, including various river systems, is increasing in most parts of our country due to population growth and their infinite demand. As a result of this, the river system was jeopardized, causing irreversible damage to the socioeconomic and infrastructural systems. Morphological characterization and change evaluation of rivers are essential prerequisites for investigating their historical evolution and making reasonable estimates about how rivers might adapt to changing natural conditions and increasing anthropogenic impacts. This study focuses on the upper reach of the Gumara River along a 47.336 km stretch because it is a highly meandering and dynamic fluvial system with minor natural and anthropogenic influences that harm living and nonliving things around the flow path. We use satellite images as a data source, and the study reach was divided into six sections based on the waterway geometry and various forms of human intervention along the river, for detailed river morphological characterization and change detection, and to know the disturbance that facilitates the change in sub reach. In addition to satellite imagery, field observations, informal interviews with local indigenous people, laboratory analysis of bank material, and Meteorological and Hydrological data were used. The primary goal of this study was to assess the Morphological Characteristics and Change of the Upper Reach Gumara River over a 64-year period in Tana Basin, Ethiopia. Image analysis software (ERDAS Imagine 2015 and Arc GIS 10.5) was used for data preparation and analysis, and to characterize and detect the change of study reach, various morphometric parameters such as Sinuosity index, braided index, River center line, actual River length, river width, meander neck length, and River area were determined. From the entire period of 64 years of sinuosity index analysis, the sinuosity was increased by 5.49%. The section between five and six had a 63% reduction in neck length. Over a 64-year period, the overall width increased by 0.348 m per year. All of the morphometric parameter results and social information show that the upper reach of the Gumara River was dynamically changed and disrupted the surrounding socioeconomic system, implying that critical measurements should be designed and implemented.
The relationship between the ratio of gamma-glutamyltransferase to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of diabetes mellitus using publicly available data: A secondary analysis based on a longitudinal study in Japan
Authors: Zhao Yue , Luo Xiao-ping , Xin Xing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The ratio of gamma-glutamyltransferase to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (GGT/HDL-C) has been highlighted in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by previous studies. However, there have been fewer investigations into the correlation between the GGT/HDL-C ratio and the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence. Our secondary analysis used published data from a Japanese population and aimed to investigate the role of the GGT/HDL-C ratio in the incidence of T2DM. Methods: The research was a longitudinal cohort study completed by Okamura, Takuro et al. We obtained the data from the DATADRYAD website and used it for secondary analysis only. The participants recruited from a medical program called the NAGALA database received regular medical examinations and standardized questionnaires to obtain the baseline variables. Abdominal ultrasound was used to diagnose fatty liver disease. The participants were followed up, and the duration and the occurrence of T2DM were documented. The GGT/HDL-C ratio evaluated at baseline served as the independent variable, while the occurrence of diabetes served as the dependent variable.Results: A total of 15,453 cases (8,419 men and 7,034 women) were included in our study. After adjusting for age, gender, BMI, DBP, SBP, ALT, AST, TG, T-CHO, HbA1C, FPG, drinking status, smoking status, exercise status, and fatty liver, we observed that GGT/HDL-C ratio was positively associated with the incidence of T2DM: (Hazard ratio = 1.005, 95% confidence interval:1.000 to 1.010, P = 0.0667). The results were consistent when the quartile GGT/HDL-C was used as a categorical variable (P for trend < 0.00396). A curvilinear relationship with a threshold effect was identified between GGT/HDL-C ratio and the risk of incident T2DM. On the left of the point, one unit increase in the GGT/HDL-C ratio was associated with a 1.5 times increase in the risk of incident T2DM (Hazard ratio 2.57, 95% confidence interval 1.20 to 5.49). On the right of the point, when GGT/HDL-C was greater than 6.53, their relationship turned to be saturated. Conclusion: The GGT/HDL-C ratio correlated with the incidence of T2DM in a curvilinear form with a threshold effect. Their positive relationship could be observed when the GGT/HDL-C was less than 6.53.
Novel Current-limiting and Short-circuit Protection Technology for Low-side Power Switch
Authors: Gao Mali , Cai Xiaowu , Hao Ning , Ding Liqiang , Xia Ruirui , Gao Yuexin , Zhao Fazhan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Based on 0.35μm BCD process, a current-limiting and short-circuit protection circuit for low-side power switch is proposed. This design adopts the compact current comparator structure to achieve 2A current limiting protection and short circuit protection for the power switch over the temperature range of -25°C to 150°C, while quiescent power consumption is only 55.8μw. The sense-FET technology of this design can achieve 98.11% accurate current sampling. Simulation and experimental results show that when the load is lower than 7.5Ω at 18V supply voltage, the current-limiting protection is triggered to limit the output current to 2A. When the load is short-circuited, the short-circuit protection is triggered and the entire circuit will be shut down. The power supply rejection ratio of this design is -53dB, and the average temperature coefficient is 277ppm/℃, while only occupying an area of 0.055 mm2.
Serum Creatinine as a Clinical Parameter for Patients with Cancer in End-of-Life: a retrospective cohort study in an acute palliative care unit
Authors: Lee Yoo Jeong , Hwang Soon-Young , Lee Chung-Woo , Park Jae young , Kim Su Hyun , Choi Youn Seon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Prognosis prediction is a challenge for clinicians caring for patients with cancer in end-of-life. Although previous studies have shown several biological parameters to be prognostic factors, it remains unclear which factors can predict the exact prognosis. Additionally, blood tests for patients with terminal cancer are limited, it is practically difficult to utilize usual parameters as prognostic factors. Therefore, a universal, readily available, and the cost-effective clinical parameter is needed to predict the survival times of patients with cancer in end-of-life regardless of age, sex, or cancer type.Methods: We analyzed the medical records of 280 patients admitted to the palliative care unit at Korea University Guro Hospital from July 2019 to June 2021. After analysis of survival time according to patients’ clinical parameters, Kaplan-Meier survival curves using Serum Creatinine (Scr) levels (cut-off: 1.2 mg/dL) were plotted and compared using the log-rank test. Finally, using stepwise selection, multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify significant prognostic factors.Results: Patients with high Scr (≥1.2 mg/dL) had shorter median survival than those with normal levels (12 days vs 23 days). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model identified male (HR=1.47; P=0.019), stomach cancer (HR=1.88; P=0.020), poor performance status (HR=1.56; P=0.004), leukocytosis (HR=1.81; P<0.001), high AST (HR=1.57; P=0.004), and high Scr (HR=1.54; P=0.022) as significantly associated with shorter survival time.Conclusions: High Scr was significantly associated with poor survival in patients with cancer near end-of-life. This readily available and simple clinical parameter might be helpful in predicting prognosis in palliative care settings.
Determinants of Inconsistent Condom Use among Female Sex Workers in Ethiopia: Findings from the National Biobehavioral Survey, 2020
Authors: Rameto Muhammed Ahmed , Abdella  , Ayalew Jemal , Tessama Masresha , Bulti Jelat , Bati Fayiso , Lulseged Sileshi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Though appropriate condom use is an effective and cost-efficient strategy for HIV prevention, its use is inconsistent among female sexual workers (FSWs). Evidence on the magnitude and the drivers of inconsistent condom use across studies among FSWs is limited in coverage and scope. This analysis aims to determine the prevalence and associated factors among FSWs in Ethiopia.
Methods
This analysis uses the data from a cross-sectional ‘National HIV and sexually transmitted infections. Bio-behavioral Survey’ conducted from December 2019 to May 2020 using a respondent driven sampling technique. Descriptive statistics and multilevel logistic regression models were used to summarize data and measure strength of association. Statistical significance was determined by using P-value less than 0.05 or 95% CI that didn’t include unity.
Results
Overall, 6,085 FSWs from 16 cities and towns participated in the study. Participants’ mean (SD) age was 26.4 (± 6.06). The prevalence of inconsistent condom use across the 16 cities/towns was 17.1% [95% CI (16.5, 17.8)]. Factors independently associated with inconsistent condom use were being married/cohabiting [AOR = 1.56; (95% CI (1.03, 2.23), moderate to severe depression [AOR = 1.43; 95% CI (1.13,1.82)], alcohol dependence [AOR = 1.56; 95% CI (1.06, 2.31)], any drug use [AOR = 1.43; 95% CI (1.14–1.79)], older age (35–59 years) [AOR = 1.29; 95% CI (1.01, 1.64)], sexual violence [AOR = 1.75; 95% CI (1.43, 2.16)], sex selling location change [AOR = 1.27; 95% CI (1.06, 1.51)], length of sex selling experience [AOR = 3.01; 95% CI (2.27, 3.99)], anal sex [AOR = 2.74; 95% CI (2.15, 3.5)], number of non-paying sexual partner [AOR = 1.77; 95% CI(1.48, 2.11)], sex selling experience more than two cities [AOR = 3.01;95% CI(2.27, 3.99)], rape or forced sex [AOR = 1.75; 95% CI (1.43, 1.55)], not having comprehensive HIV knowledge [AOR = 1.39; 95% CI (1.15, 1.68)], newly diagnosed HIV [AOR = 1.52; 95% CI (1.19, 1.95)], and lack of condom access at the workplace [AOR = 2.1; 95% CI (1.69, 2.67)].
Conclusion
Prevalence of inconsistent condom use among FSWs was 17%. Factors independently associated with inconsistent condom use included marital and education status, depression, alcohol dependence, drug use, sexual violence, and increased number of nonpaying partners. Program and individual level interventions need to be considered to enhance consistent condom use among FSWs.
Challenges in Facilitating Online Teaching for Secondary Education during the Covid-19 Pandemic, based on a case study in Sri Lanka.
Authors: de Silva Arosha , de Silva Arosha 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This research aims to evaluate the challenges in facilitating online teaching for secondary education during the Covid-19 pandemic based on a case study in the western province of Sri Lanka. With the pandemic, teachers had to face many challenges concerning online teaching, as they were unprepared for the remote teaching process that was to follow. For this research, teachers were able to give an account of their experiences, challengers and the sacrifices that had to be made in adapting to this new method of teaching. A mixed method of data collection and analysis was used in this research, as both quantitative and qualitative methods in combination would provide a better understanding of research problem enhancing the validity of the results. Through the findings of this research, it was revealed that most schools and its teachers had embraced online teaching in the midst of the many challengers during Covid-19. Thereby it is vital that measures are taken to overcome and to mitigate the effects these challenges faced in online teaching, making it possible for teachers to deliver an online education for students that is on par with other technologically advanced education system.
Longitudinal Volumetric Evaluation of Hippocampus and Amygdala Subregions in Recent Trauma Survivors
Authors: Ben-Zion Ziv , Korem Nachshon , Spiller Tobias , Duek Or , Keynan Nimrod Jackob , Admon Roee , Harpaz-Rotem Ilan , Liberzon Israel , Shalev Arieh , Hendler Talma 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The hippocampus and the amygdala play a central role in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) pathogenesis. While alternations in volumes of both regions have been consistently observed in individuals with PTSD, it remains unknown whether these reflect pre-trauma vulnerability traits or acquired post-trauma consequences of the disorder. Here, we conducted a longitudinal panel study of adult civilian trauma survivors admitted to a general hospital emergency department (ED). One hundred eligible participants (mean age=32.97±10.97, n=56 [56%] females) completed both clinical interviews and structural MRI scans at 1-, 6-, and 14-months after ED admission (alias T1, T2, and T3). While all participants met PTSD diagnosis at T1, only n=29 still met PTSD diagnosis at T3 (a ‘non-Remission’ Group), while n=71 did not (a ‘Remission’ Group). Bayesian multilevel modeling analysis showed robust evidence for smaller right hippocampus volume (P+ of ~0.014) and moderate evidence for larger left amygdala volume (P+ of ~0.870) at T1 in the ‘non-Remission’ group, compared to the ‘Remission’ group. Subregion analysis further demonstrated robust evidence for decreased volume in the left and right subiculum and right CA1 hippocampal subregions (P+ of ~0.021-0.046) in the ‘non-Remission’ group. No time-dependent volumetric changes (T1 to T2 to T3) were observed across all participants or between groups. Results support the ‘vulnerability trait’ hypothesis, suggesting that lower initial volumes of specific hippocampus subregions are associated with non-remitting PTSD. The stable volume of all hippocampal and amygdala subregions does not support the idea of consequential, progressive, stress-related atrophy during the first critical year following trauma exposure.