bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation Analysis and Experimental Research on Mechanical Properties of Water-Hydraulic Ball Valve
Authors: Yang Yong , Zhang Zengmeng , Chen Yinglong , Gong Yongjun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The working performance of a hydraulic system depends on the control valves, and the working performance of the control valves depends on their mechanical properties. Compared with the oil-hydraulic control valves, the water-hydraulic control valves are featured by strict sealing requirements, poor lubricity, and more complicated friction properties . In order to precisely control the valves, the fluid force and friction acting on the valve core are investigated through the methods of finite element analysis and experimental research. The results show that the realizable k-ε turbulence model with an appropriate wall roughness height could accurately reflect the state of fluid force. The fluid force increases as the valve opening and the pressure difference increase. Moreover, the friction is affected by the motion state of the valve core, and the reason is investigated. In addition, the phenomenon of mechanical properties variation is discussed, and an assumption is presented to explain the causation. This research can help understand some mechanical properties of water hydraulic valves and establish a more accurate mechanical model. Furthermore, the study also has guiding significance for controlling water hydraulic valves.
ZC3H4 Regulates Infiltrating Monocytes, Attenuating Pulmonary Fibrosis through IL-10
Authors: Liu Yaping , Zhang Xinxin , Wang Jing , Yang Fuhuang , Huang Jie , Chen Mengling , Wang Sha , Zhang Wei , Li Caolong , Chao Jie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Silicosis is a pulmonary fibrosis-associated disease caused by the inhalation of large amounts of free silicon dioxide (SiO2) that mainly manifests as early inflammation and late pulmonary fibrosis. As macrophage precursors, monocytes accumulate in the lung during early inflammation, but their role in the development of silicosis is unclear. Single cell sequencing, western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR, ELISA and cell functional experiments were used to explore the specific effects of monocytes on fibroblasts. The CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to specifically knock down ZC3H4 and was combined with pharmacological methods to explore the mechanism by which ZC3H4 affects chemokine and cytokine secretion. The results indicated that 1) SiO2 induced an infiltrating phenotype in monocytes; 2) infiltrating monocytes inhibited the activation, viability and migration of fibroblasts by regulating IL-10 but not IL-8; and 3) SiO2 downregulated IL-10 via ZC3H4-induced autophagy. This study revealed that ZC3H4 regulated the secretion function of monocytes, which, in turn, inhibited fibroblast function in early inflammation through autophagy signaling, thereby reducing pulmonary fibrosis. These findings provide a new idea for the clinical treatment of silicosis.
Solid-phase Synthesis of Non-metal (S, N) -doped Tin Oxide Nanopowders at Room Temperature and Its Photodegradation Properties for Wastewater of Biomass Treatment
Authors: Shao-you Liu , Qian Wang , Li-hui Ou , Hong-li Du , You Long , Wei-jun Zhen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The samples such as tin oxide(SnO2), sulfur-doped tin oxide(S-SnO2), nitrogen-doped tin oxide(N-SnO2), and sulfur, nitrogen-codoped tin oxide (S+N-SnO2) nanopowder catalysts were prepared by a solid-state reaction at room temperature, using the sodium p-toluene sulfonate (STS) surfactant as template. And the microstructure of the materials was characterized by XRD, TEM, XPS, FTIR and UV-Vis. Meanwhile, the photocatalytic degradation mechanism and its performances of these samples used for the rice straw powder treatment wastewater (RSPTW) under UV-light irradiation were discussed, as well as its COD and NH3-N value were tested. It is shown that the large gap of the reaction energy between intramolecular dehydration(Er=2.81eV) and intermolecular dehydration(Er=5.77eV) of tin hydroxide causes the presence of amorphous SnO2 and metastable tin hydroxide at low calcination temperature of 450oC. S as S4+ and N as N3+ enters into the SnO2 (110) crystal plane and generates the impurity level, reducing the energy band gap width (△Eg) from the SnO2-blank of 3.6eV to S+N-SnO2-STS of 2.22eV. After UV-light irradiation for 8 h, the photocatalytic degradation rate of S+N-SnO2-STS sample for the RSPTW reaches 98.9% under the optimization control conditions, exhibiting the excellent capability to degrade the biomass wastewater. The changes of energy gap width may major be derived from the hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and superoxide radicals (•O2-) produced by the rich hydroxyl on the S+N-SnO2-STS photocatalyst surface, and regulatory effect of surfactant. The photodegraded RSPTW complies with Chinese National Level II Standards for Integrated Sewage Discharge.
Amino acid metabolism and prognostic markers in ischemic stroke patients
Authors: zhang chenxi , wang lijuan , qiu nan , shi yijun , ding yaowei , li guoge , zheng guanghui , zhang guojun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Ischemic stroke continues to be a serious public health problem worldwide, we compared the amino acid profiles of convalescent patients with ischemic stroke with healthy subjects by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), 48 convalescent patients with ischemic stroke and 48 healthy controls were recruited, finding that the levels of Phosphoserine(P-Ser), Glutamic Acid(Glu), Isoleucine(Ile), Leucine(Leu), Phenylalanine(Phe), Arginine(Arg), Proline(Pro) in stroke patients increased significantly, and the levels of Taurine(Tau), Cystine(Cys), Methionine(Met), b-Alanine(b-Ala), Histidine(His) lowered in patients compared to controls (P<0.05). Furthermore, it was particularly important to find indicators that could judge the prognosis of patients, the Tau/Glu level could be used as a potential prognosis marker and considering convalescent stroke patients have a good prognosis when the ratio > 0.79 in our study.
Signal Processing of Internet of Vehicles Based on Intelligent Interference
Authors: Wu Xiangyu , Hou Changbo , Deng Zhian , Fang Chenyu , Liu Guowei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
With the rapid development of in-vehicle electronic technology and artificial intelligence, Internet of Vehicles (IoV) technology, as an effective integration of the two, greatly reduces the probability of road traffic accidents. However, the current IoV system is not perfect for the control process of abnormal vehicles. Therefore, in order to strengthen the management and control of abnormal vehicles in the IoV, it is extremely necessary to propose a method for interfering with IoV signals. Among the current popular intelligent interference methods, most of them rely on the prior knowledge of the signal to deduce the best interference waveform. However, These methods rely too much on prior knowledge to be practically applicable. Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of the current communication interference technology, this study proposes an interference waveform generation technology based on convolutional autoencoders. The convolutional autoencoder was used to change the features on the fully connected layer to generate an interference waveform that is very similar to the received signal waveform, and the interference waveform is sent to the receiver to realize the control of the IoV signal. The simulation results show that the interference waveform generation technology proposed in this study can make the bit error rate (BER) reach 38.4\% within the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) from -10dB to -15dB.
Evaluation of classification and decision trees in predicting daily precipitation occurrences
Authors: Samadianfard S. , Mikaeili F. , Prasad R. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Due to the heterogeneous distribution of precipitation, predicting its occurrence is one of the primary and basic strategies to prevent possible disasters and their damages. Hence, this study aims at evaluating the capabilities of Logistic Model Tree (LMT), J48, Random Forest (RF), and PART classification algorithms in precipitation forecasts at Pars Abad station using previous 1–4 days data of meteorological variables. So, five scenarios were considered based on the cross-correlation function and partial autocorrelation function for validation of the studied methods in the period of 2004–2019. In general, by examining the Kappa, root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) indicators, scenario number 1 using the input parameters of 1-day lag was determined as the most appropriate scenario to predict daily precipitation. Also, the obtained results showed that the PART had better performance with more than 80% accuracy in precipitation forecasting. Moreover, the most accurate performance of PART was scenario 1 with Kappa = 0.2007, RMSE = 0.3879 and MAE = 0.2856. The conclusive results indicated that by implementing classification algorithms and decision trees and using meteorological data of the previous days, daily precipitation could be predicted accurately.
Investigating the source apportionment of heavy metals in soil surrounding reservoir using partial least-squares regression model
Authors: Huang Xu-dong , Han Pei-pei , Ma Mei-jing , Cao Qiong , Li Wei-zhuo , Wan Fang , Zhang Xiao-li , Chai Qi-hui , Zhong Ling , Li Bao-jian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The assessment of heavy metal pollution is crucial for water conservation. This study determined the contents of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and As) from 39 soil samples surrounding a reservoir, and analyzed the corresponding source and enrichment using enrichment factors and partial least-squares regression. The concentration of Cr (54.06 mg/kg) was lower than the background value of the reservoir area, while the Cd concentration was higher (0.96 mg/kg). Moreover, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn and As concentrations in the south exceeded those of the northeast in the Nanwan lake reservoir (NLR). Cd and As were the dominant contaminated elements in the NLR. The Cd enrichment factor value was 11.25, areas with moderate and higher levels of pollution of Cd occupied 89.0% of the total area, while As occupied 18.4%. The dominant sources of Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb and Cr were identified as natural inputs, those of As were agricultural production activities, and those of Cd were industrial production activities. This study provides insight into the heavy metal pollution and key factors of land-use types in watersheds with tea trees as the dominant vegetation cover, and aids in the planning of water pollution prevention and ecological protection.
MicroRNAs in Helminth Parasites: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alizadeh Zahra , Mahami-Oskouei Mahmoud , Spotin Adel , Ahmadpour Ehsan , Cai Pengfei , Sandoghchian Shotorbani Siamak , Pashazadeh Fariba , Ansari Fereshteh , Mohammadi Hamed 
Published: January 2022

Background:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are about 22-nucleotide, small, noncoding
RNAs that control gene expression post-transcriptionally. Helminth parasites
usually express a unique repertoire of genes, including miRNAs, across different
developmental stages with subtle regulatory mechanisms.

Objective:
There is a necessity to investigate the involvement of miRNAs in the
development of parasites, host-parasite interaction, immune evasion and their abilities to
govern infection in hosts. MiRNAs present in helminth parasites have been summarized
in the current systematic review (SR).

Methods:
Electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Embase, and
Google Scholar search engine, were searched to identify helminth miRNA studies
published from February 1993 till December 2019. Only the published articles in English
were included in the study.

Results:
A total of 1769 articles were preliminarily recorded. Following the strict inclusion
and exclusion criteria, 105 studies were included in this SR. Most of these studies
focused on the identification of miRNAs in helminth parasites and/or probing of
differentially expressed host miRNA profiles in specific relevant tissues, while 12 studies
aimed to detect parasite-derived miRNAs in host circulating system and 15 studies
characterized extracellular vesicles (EV)-derived miRNAs secreted by parasites.

Conclusion:
In the current SR, information regarding all miRNAs expressed in helminth
parasites has been comprehensively provided and the utility of helminth parasitesderived
miRNAs in diagnosis and control of parasitic infections has been discussed.
Furthermore, functional studies on helminth-derived miRNAs have also been presented.
New Association Between Diabetes Mellitus and Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Bakhtiyari Salar , Rezaei Monireh , Shams Zinat , Rasouli Bahareh Sadat , Amirfard Katayoun Dadeh , Sadrabadi Mohadeseh Soleymani , Gheysarzadeh Ali , Haghani Karimeh 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a global issue that has affected the lives of many people
all over the world. This disorder, which is also called the mother of all diseases, possesses high
pathogenicity and results in the emergence of many disorders. One of the known correlated diseases
is pancreatic cancer which can be accompanied by diabetes mellitus. Therefore, finding the association
between these diseases and common genes is urgent.

Objective:
In this study, in order to survey the relationship between diabetes mellitus and pancreatic
cancer, the common genes of these disorders were analyzed by bioinformatics tools.

Methods:
For this purpose, we screened 17 shared genes from microarray data downloaded from
the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. In addition, the relationship between identified
genes was constructed by STRING and DAVID tools.

Results:
In total, 112 genes were identified to be differentially expressed. Among these, 17 genes
were found to be common, including two genes that were down-regulated and others that were upregulated.
Other analyses showed that most of the genes were enriched in Vibrio cholera infection
and the mTOR signaling pathway. The biological processes of such genes included oxygen and gas
transport, phagosome acidification, and GTPase activity.

Conclusion:
In this study, 17 common genes that had not previously been considered in diabetes
and pancreatic cancer were screened, which can be further considered for clinical approaches and
in vitro studies.
Biomedical Applications of Carbohydrate-based Polyurethane: From Biosynthesis to
Degradation
Authors: Batool Jahan Ara , Rehman Kanwal , Qader Abdul , Akash Muhammad Sajid Hamid 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
The foremost common natural polymers are carbohydrate-based polymers or polysaccharides, having
a long chain of monosaccharide or disaccharide units linked together via glycosidic linkage to form a complex
structure. There are several uses of carbohydrate-based polymers in the biomedical sector due to their attractive
features, including less toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, high reactivity, availability, and relative inexpensiveness.
The aim of our study was to explore the synthetic approaches for the preparation of numerous
carbohydrate-based polyurethanes (PUs) and their wide range of pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
The data summarized in this study show that the addition of carbohydrates in the structural skeleton of PUs not
only improves their suitability but also affects their applicability for use in biological applications. Carbohydrate-
based units are incorporated into the PUs, which is the most convenient method for the synthesis of novel
biocompatible and biodegradable carbohydrate-based PUs for use in various biomedical applications.
Changes in Physical and Mental Functions in Patients with Cardiovascular
Disease During the First Two Waves of COVID-19 in Japan
Authors: Izawa Kazuhiro P. , Ishihara Kodai , Noto Shinichi , Shimizu Ikki 
Published: January 2022

Background and Objectives:
The goal of this study was to determine whether changes in
life-space mobility and quality of life (QoL) recovered in patients with cardiovascular disease
(CVD) during the first two waves of the pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Japan.

Methods:
We performed a follow-up survey in 20 CVD patients using the Life-Space Assessment
(LSA) scale and the five-level EuroQoL five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L), Japanese version,
at three time points: January-March 2020 (before the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic),
July 2020 (following the first wave of the pandemic), and November 2020 (following the second
wave of the pandemic).

Results:
The LSA score in November 2020 (median [interquartile range], 90 [83.5-100] points) did
not recover from the July 2020 score (83 [76.5-93] points). However, the EQ-5D-5L QoL score in
November 2020 (0.89 [0.82-1]) had improved from that in July 2020 (0.80 [0.71-0.87]).

Conclusions:
The QoL of CVD patients might have been more affected by psychological factors
rather than physical factors during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan.
Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel (E)-N'-((1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1H-indol-3-
yl)methylene)-2-(4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetohydrazides as Antitumor Agents
Authors: Dung Do Thi Mai , Park Eun Jae , Anh Duong Tien , Hai Pham-The , Bao Le Quang , Ji A Young , Kang Jong Soon , Tung Truong Thanh , Han Sang-Bae , Nam Nguyen-Hai 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Herein, we have designed and synthesized a series of the novel (E)-N'-((1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-2-(4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetohydrazides (5) as potent small molecules activating procaspase-3. The compounds were designed by the amalgamation of structural features of PAC-1 (the first procaspase-3 activator) and oncrasin-1, one potential anticancer agent.

Methods:
The target acetohydrazides (5a-m) were prepared via the Niementowski condensation of anthranilic acid (1a) or 5-substituted-2-aminobenzoic acid (1b-m) and formamide. The compound libraries were evaluated for their cytotoxicity, caspase-3 activation, cell cycle analysis, and apoptosis. In addition, computational chemistry is also performed.

Results:
A biological evaluation revealed that all thirteen compounds designed and synthesized showed strong cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines (SW620, colon cancer; PC-3, prostate cancer; NCI-H23, lung cancer) with eight compounds (5a, 5c-i, 5k), which were clearly more potent than both PAC-1 and oncrasin-1. In this series, four compounds including 5c, 5e, 5f, and 5h, were the most potent members with approximately 4- to 5-fold stronger than the reference compounds PAC-1 and oncrasin-1 in terms of IC50. In comparison to 5-FU, these compounds were even 18- to 29-fold more potent in terms of cytotoxicity in three human cell lines tested. In the caspase activation assay, the caspase activity was activated to 285% by compound 5e in comparison to PAC-1, the first procaspase activating compound, which was used as a control. Our docking simulation revealed that compound 5e was a potent allosteric inhibitor of procaspase-3 through chelation of inhibitory zinc ion. Physicochemical and ADMET calculations for 5e provided useful information of its suitable absorption profile and some toxicological effects that need further optimization to be developed as a promising anticancer agent.

Conclusion:
Compound 5e has emerged as a potential hit for further design and development of caspases activators and anticancer agents.
In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Inducing Evaluation of Novel Halogenated Isatin
Derivatives
Authors: Adibi Hadi , Beyhaghi Ehsan , Hayati Sonya , Hosseinzadeh Leila , Amin Niloufar 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione) and its derivatives have been utilized in a variety of biological
activities. Anticancer compounds were the most extensively highlighted and explored among the range of beneficial
properties.

Objective:
Herein, we report the targeting effect of halogenated isatin derivatives on cancer cell mitochondria and their
antiproliferative mechanism.

Method:
A series of novel 5-halo-Isatin derivatives consisting of the 5-Amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol scaffold were
synthesized and easily conducted in good yields through a condensation reaction between keto groups of Isatin and
primary amine under alcoholic conditions, followed by S-benzylation. The compounds were fully characterized using
spectroscopic methods such as 1H-NMR, FTIR, mass spectroscopy and then tested in vitro towards three cancer cell
lines HT-29 (colon cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer), and SKNMC (neuroblastoma). Apoptosis induction was investigated
through assessment of caspase 3 and mitochondrial membrane potential.

Results:
The most potent compounds of 5b, 5r (IC50 = 18,13 μM), and 5n (IC50 = 20,17 μM) were found to show
strong anticancer activity, especially for MCF7 cells. Further anticancer mechanism studies indicated that 5b and 5r
induced apoptosis through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway.

Conclusion:
This research demonstrated that 5b and 5r have an anticancer property via the modulation of oxidative
stress-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis and immune response, which deserves further studies on their clinical applications.
Ultra-fast Consolidator Machine Development – Individualized Mass Production of Thermoplastic Tailored Blanks based on Laser-assisted Tape Placement with in-situ Consolidation
Authors: Emonts Michael , Fischer Kai , Peitz Alexander , Weiler Thomas 
Published: January 2022

The new UItra-Fast Consolidator Machine development offers both high flexibility and mass production of tailored thermoplastic laminates with reduced scrap. The machine system can be configurated to achieve fully consolidated multi-layer laminates with different fiber directions and minimized scrap (thermoplastic tailored blanks) produced in cycle times below 5 seconds. This individualized mass production is accomplished by a combination of laser-assisted tape placement with in-situ consolidation and a piece-flow principle, which is state of the art in the printing industry but has not been used in such a way within composite production. The achievable productivity is enhanced to more than 500 kg/hour by this piece-flow principle with carriers moved through multiple application stations which are equipped with multiple tape placement applicators. The new machine is scalable: multiple application stations can be added, e.g. for each layer one station for mass production or for each fiber direction one station with a carrier-conveyor carousel: here the carriers are moved multiple times through the application stations.
This innovative machine system is a result of an 18-months AZL Joint Partner Project, conducted in 2017-2018 by the research partners AZL Aachen and Fraunhofer IPT Aachen, in cooperation with 12 industrial partner companies including Conbility, Covestro, Engel, Evonik, Fagor Arrasate, Faurecia SE, Laserline, Mitsui Chemicals, Mubea Carbo Tech, Philips Photonics, SSDT and Toyota (in alphabetical order). The system won the international JEC Innovation AWARD 2019 in the category “Industry & Equipment”.