bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined use of 3D printing and computer-assisted navigation in the clinical treatment of multiple maxillofacial fractures
Authors: Wang Haohong , Chi Yifan , Huang Hanxiao , Su Shiheng , Hou Jun , Xue Haowei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Although computer-assisted navigation (CAN) has been widely used in the reconstruction of maxillofacial fractures, the direct guidance it provides for surgical operations and the handling of multiple maxillofacial fractures is insufficient due to the lack of a healthy side for reference. To address the above problems, a 3D-printed guide and head model was used in combination with CAN in this study. Materials and Methods: In this process, 26 patients were randomly selected among those with multiple fractures treated from 09/2017 to 03/2021. They were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups, with 3D-printed guides and models used in the former group. The surgical time was compared between the groups, and posttreatment computed tomography and follow-up visits were conducted at 1 week and 3 months, respectively, to compare the quality of treatment in terms of infection, occlusal disorder, restricted mouth opening, midline displacement, and bilateral asymmetry. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used for assessment. Results: According to our results, the therapeutic effect was excellent for 12 patients and satisfactory for 1 patient among the 13 patients in the experimental group, while the therapeutic effect was excellent in only 7, satisfactory in 3, and unsatisfactory in 3 patients in the control group.Conclusions: According to our analysis, the combined use of CAN and 3D printing significantly improved the treatment results of double-sided maxillofacial fractures (rs=0.448, P<0.05). The surgical time of the experimental group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (Z=-2.083, P<0.05).Clinical Relevance: This study broadens our understanding of the treatment of multiple maxillofacial fractures. The combined use of 3D printing technology and CAN effectively shortened the operation time and achieved a better therapeutic effect.
Cross-Linked Nano-carboxymethylcellulose, Polyacrylamide, and g-Fe2O3-SO3H to a Hydrophobic Linker: An Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Hydrogel for Dye Removal Adsorption
Authors: Tamaddon Fatemeh , Khoje-neamah Ehsan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The pH-responsive magnetic hydrogel bearing hydrophobic chlorophenyl implants was prepared by cross-linking the as-prepared nanocarboxymethylcellulose crystals (NCMCC), g-Fe2O3-SO3H, and polyacrylamide (PAAmide) to the synthesized hydrophobic bis-amide N,N'-((4-chlorophenyl)methylene) diacrylamide (NNCMDA). g-Fe2O3-SO3H was either the hydrogel magnetizing agent or the solid acid catalyst for linker synthesis. Carboxymethylation of the cotton-derived nanocellulose was modified to give the NCMCC that cross-linked to the g-Fe2O3-SO3H, and PAAmide by NNCMDA to obtain the NCMCC/PAAmide/g-Fe2O3-SO3H/NNCMDA hydrogel. After characterization of the hydrogel by FT-IR, FESEM, TGA, VSM, and XRD, the results of swelling experiments showed a decrease in water absorption and swelling but retained hydrophilic surface of the hydrogel by hosting the hydrophobic cross-linker NNCMDA. Hydrogel revealed good adsorptive dye removal with selectivity to cationic ones, so its adsorption capacity for Methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RB) were 717.0 mg/g and 61.0 mg/g, respectively. Simultaneous entering of hydrophobic NNCMDA implants and pH-responsive magnetizing agent g-Fe2O3-SO3H increased the performance of the hydrogel to remove the 74.68% MB and 50.85% RB without matrix change after the fifth recycling run. All resu1ts confirmed that NCMCC/PAAmide/g-Fe2O3-SO3H/NNCMDA hydrogel is an effective adsorbent for the dye removal from wastewater.
COVID-Vaccination Induces RCVS Attacks: A Case Report
Authors: Lund Anne Marie , Al-Karagholi Mohammad Al-Mahdi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
To describe and discuss the association between COVID-19 vaccination and RCVS attacks in a patient with RCVS and whether targeting angiotensin 2 receptor could be a preventive option.
Case presentation
A 30-year-old male previously diagnosed with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS), presented to the department of neurology with accumulation of RCVS attacks after receiving the first Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine. The neurologic exam, blood samples, electrocardiogram (ECG), and a computer tomography (CT) of the head were normal. The patient was treated with angiotensin-II receptor antagonist, Losartan, with a good response and was discharged with a prescription for Losartan lasting until three days after the second Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine. No further RCVS attacks were reported.
Conclusions
Our case suggests that COVID-19 vaccine induces RCVS attacks in susceptible individuals and targeting angiotensin 2 receptor could be a preventive option.
M2 Macrophages Crosstalk with Ovarian Cancer Cells by Regulating Cell Ferroptosis via the miR-1228-3p/GPX4 Pathway
Authors: Wang Ying , Wu Nayiyuan , Luo Xia , Liao Qianjin , Wang Jing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Presently, the occurrence and development mechanisms of ovarian cancer (OC) remain unclear. This study explored the potential mechanisms of M2 macrophages in the occurrence and development of OC.
Methods
The effect and potential mechanisms of M2 macrophages in OC cells were investigated by constructing a cell co-culture system. The differentially expressed microRNAs in OC patients were analyzed using bioinformatics, and their role in the occurrence and development of OC was further studied in vivo and in vitro through gene overexpression or knockdown.
Results
Interleukin (IL)-6 was highly expressed in the M2 macrophages. IL-6 secreted by M2 macrophages promoted glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression, caused ferroptosis resistance, and promoted the proliferation and migration of OC cells, which was reversed by the ferroptosis inducer erastin. Bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-1228-3p was highly expressed in OC patients, further confirming that IL-6 promoted miR-1228-3p expression in OC cells and the secretion of exosomes rich in miR-1228-3p. This promotes the secretion of IL-6 by M2 macrophages and GPX4 expression in OC cells, leading to ferroptosis resistance and stimulating proliferation and migration. We found that IL-6R on the OC cell membrane, in fact, promoted GPX4 expression by mediating the miR-1228-3p/IL-6 dialogue, causing ferroptosis resistance and promoting the proliferation and migration of OC cells. In vivo nude mice subcutaneous tumor formation experiments further showed that OV-GPX4 and miR-1228-3p accelerated tumor volume and weight increase, while si-GPX4 miR-1228-3p inhibitor and si-IL-6R slowed down the increase in tumor volume and weight. IL-6 secreted by M2 macrophages induced OC cell ferroptosis resistance and promoted proliferation and migration through the miR-1228-3p/GPX4 pathway, thereby accelerating tumor growth in nude mice.
Conclusions
Our study may provide a possible therapeutic target for the development of OC.
Preoperative prediction of the pathological stage of advanced gastric cancer by 18 F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography
Authors: Yamada Kota , Urakawa Naoki , Kanaji Shingo , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Yamamoto Masashi , Yamashita Kimihiro , Matsuda Takeru , Oshikiri Taro , Suzuki Satoshi , Kakeji Yoshihiro 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the usefulness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable advanced gastric cancer, particularly stage III, has been reported. Preoperative staging is mainly determined by computed tomography (CT), and the usefulness of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (FDG-PET/CT) for gastric cancer remains unclear. The study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of FDG-PET/CT in preoperative diagnosis of advanced gastric cancer. We retrospectively enrolled 113 patients with gastric cancer who underwent preoperative FDG-PET/CT. All patients underwent gastrectomy with lymph-node dissection. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the primary tumor (T-SUVmax) and lymph nodes (N-SUVmax) were measured for all patients. The cutoff values of T-SUVmax for pathological T3/4 from receiver operating characteristic analysis were 8.28 for differentiated and 4.32 for undifferentiated types. The T-SUVmax and N-SUVmax cutoff values for pathological lymph-node metastasis were 4.32 and 1.82, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that T-SUVmax for differentiated types was a significant predictor of pathological T3/4, and N-SUVmax was a significant predictor of lymph-node metastasis. In conclusion, the SUVmax of FDG-PET/CT was a useful predictor of pathological T3/4 and lymph-node metastasis in gastric cancer. The diagnosis by preoperative FDG-PET/CT allowed a more accurate staging of gastric cancer than by CT scan alone.
Endoscopic management of duodenal anastomotic leakage in descending part of duodenum: a case report and literature review.
Authors: Li Jiang , Cao Yinghao , Deng Shenghe , Cai Kailin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDuodenal leakage following duodenectomy is a dreadful complication with high mortality. Patients with leakage may already have concurrent infection, nutritional deficiency, or organ failure, making surgical revision more difficult. Despite significant advances have occurred, the management of duodenal anastomotic leakage remains challenging. Although many cases had been reported, the treatment guideline is not concluded. Case presentationWe report a case of anastomotic leakage in descending part of duodenum. By endoscopic management, the duodenal drainage tube was inserted into the duodenal cavity for endoscopic negative pressure therapy and the feeding tube was placed for nutritional support. The surgery was performed while the status for patient was improved. In the end the patient was perfectly recovered.ConclusionIn the case we reported our experience with endoscopic management as the first-line treatment for anastomotic leakage following duodenectomy. The key to treatment is that we converted diffuse leakage into localized external fistula which was controlled. As flexible endoscopic technology had improved, we made full use of endoscopic management to achieve sufficient drainage and nutritional support. Endoscopic technology helped the patient getting through the most dangerous stages with a minimally invasive approach to buy time for the repairment surgery.
Human Non-hypertrophic Nonunion Tissue Contains Osteoblast Lineage Cells and E-BMP-2 Activates Osteogenic and Chondrogenic Differentiation
Authors: Yoshikawa Ryo , Fukui Tomoaki , Oe Keisuke , Kumabe Yohei , Oda Takahiro , Sawauchi Kenichi , Takase Kyohei , Yamamoto Yuya , Sakai Yoshitada , Kuroda Ryosuke , Niikura Takahiro 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Nonunions without hypertrophic callus formation has been identified based on X-ray findings, and we have defined it as non-hypertrophic nonunion. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a well-known growth factor for bone regeneration, and Escherichia coli-derived BMP-2 (E-BMP-2) is considered a low-cost alternative to currently available products for humans. In this in vitro study, we examined the proliferation capability and osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential of non-hypertrophic nonunion cells (NHNCs), and the effect of E-BMP-2 on them.Methods: We enrolled five patients with non-hypertrophic nonunion. NHNCs isolated from nonunion tissue sampled during surgery were cultured, passaged, and counted every 14 days. The surface antigen profiles of NHNCs were characterized using flow cytometry. Osteogenic differentiation capability was assessed using Alizarin Red S staining, alkaline phosphatase activity assay, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after culturing in osteogenic medium. Furthermore, chondrogenic differentiation capability was assessed using Safranin-O staining and real-time RT-PCR after culturing in chondrogenic medium. To examine the effect of E-BMP-2 on the proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and chondrogenic differentiation of NHNCs, they were cultured in each medium supplemented with 100 ng/mL E-BMP-2.Results: NHNCs were homogenous fibroblastic adherent cells and long-lived through at least 10 passages, with a slight decline. Flow cytometry revealed that the cells were consistently positive for mesenchymal stem cell-related markers CD73 and CD105, and negative for the hematopoietic markers CD14 and CD45. NHNCs were capable of differentiating into osteoblast lineage cells; however, they did not have strong calcification or sufficient chondrogenic differentiation capability. E-BMP-2 did not affect the proliferative capability of the cells but improved their osteogenic differentiation capability by increasing alkaline phosphatase activity and upregulating the gene expression of osterix, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin. Moreover, E-BMP-2 enhanced their chondrogenic differentiation capability by upregulating the gene expression of aggrecan and collagen type II.Conclusions: We showed for the first time that NHNCs had the capacity to differentiate into osteoblast-lineage cells, although the chondrogenic differentiation potential was poor. Local application of E-BMP-2 with preservation of nonunion tissue could be a treatment option for non-hypertrophic nonunion by promoting osteogenesis and chondrogenesis.
JNK3 overexpression in the entorhinal cortex disseminates to the hippocampus and induces cognitive deficiencies and Tau misfolding
Authors: Ardanaz Carlos G. , Bejarano Arantza , Echarte Beatriz , Smerdou Cristian , Martisova Eva , Martínez-Valbuena Iván , Luquin María-Rosario , Ramírez María J. , Solas Maite 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) are a family of protein kinases that can be activated by numerous stimuli and regulate a broad spectrum of biological processes in the Central Nervous System. JNK3, a specific isoform in the brain, have been shown to be involved in neurodegenerative conditions. Even though JNK over-activation has been observed in human brains affected with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), its role in AD pathology development is still unclear. One of the early regions of neuronal volume loss in AD is the Entorhinal Cortex (EC). Indeed, the loss of projections from EC to hippocampus (Hp) in the early phases of AD has raised the idea that the connection between EC and Hp could be deteriorated in AD. Thus, the main aim of the current work is to address if JNK3 overexpression in the EC could spread to the hippocampus, leading to cognitive deficiencies, similar to what occurs in early stages of AD. Data acquired in the current study suggest that JNK3 overexpression in the EC is also observed in the Hp and this leads to cognitive impairment. Moreover, pro-inflammatory cytokines expression and Tau immunoreactivity appeared to be increased both in the EC and Hp. Therefore, activation of inflammatory signaling and induction of Tau aberrant misfolding caused by JNK3 could be the underlying mechanism of the observed cognitive impairment. Altogether, JNK3 overexpression may disseminate from EC to Hp inducing cognitive dysfunction in vulnerable brain regions and may underlie the alterations observed in early stages of AD.
Similar pulmonary functional outcomes at 3 months in critical COVID-19 survivors hospitalized during the first, second, and third pandemic waves
Authors: Dusart Cecile , Smet Jelle , Chirumberro Audrey , André Stephanie , De Bels David , Roman Alain , Claus Marc , Bruyneel Anne Violette , Menez Ophelie , Alard Stephane , De Vos Nathalie , Bruyneel Marie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction Despite improvements in the management of COVID-19 patients, we still don’t know whether pharmacological treatments and improvements in ventilatory support have changed outcomes for intensive care unit (ICU) survivors of the three consecutive waves (w) of the pandemic. The objective of this study was to assess pulmonary functional outcomes, radiologic pattern, and quality of life (QoL) in ICU COVID-19 survivors at 3 months, according to pandemic wave. Methods All patients admitted to the ICU for COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) at two university hospitals were prospectively included and assessed 3 months post-ICU discharge by chest CT, pulmonary function test (PFT), 6-minute walking distance test (6MWDT), respiratory muscle strength (RMS) test, and Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. Results Eighty-four ARDS COVID-19 survivors were included. Hospital length of stay was shorter during w3 vs w1 (23.4 ± 14.2 days vs 34.7 ± 20.8 days, p = 0.03). Fewer patients required mechanical ventilation (MV) during w2 vs w1 (33.3% vs 63.9%, p = 0.0038). Three months after ICU discharge, PFT, 6MWDT, and RMS were similar, regardless of wave (p > 0.05). QoL (SF-36) was worse for patients in w1 vs w3 (64.7 ± 16.3 vs 49.2 ± 23.2, p = 0.0169). On linear/logistic regression analysis, MV was associated with decreased TLC, FEV1, DLCO, and RMS (w1,2,3, p < 0.05). Low SF-36 score was correlated with low 6MWDT (w3, p = 0.01). The use of glucocorticoids was associated with better TLC, FEV1, DLCO, and number of affected segments on chest CT (p = 0.0001), and tocilizumab was associated with higher TLC (p = 0.027). Remdesevir improved MV duration in wave 2 (p = 0.008). Conclusions Despite better understanding and management of COVID-19, PFT, 6MWDT, and RMS remained similar in ICU survivors, regardless of the pandemic wave in which they were hospitalized.
Soluble NKG2D Ligands Impair CD8+ T Cell Anti-Tumor Function Dependent Of NKG2D Downregulation In The Neuroblastoma
Authors: Zhang Yi , Luo Feifei , Dong Kuiran 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
T cell-based immunotherapy has achieved remarkable clinical outcomes, but it is still restrained by the tumor-induced immunosuppression. Tumor-derived NKG2D ligands are one of the immunosuppression factors, which allow tumor cells to escape from the immunologic surveillance. However, the underlying mechanisms of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DL)-mediated immune evasion are not fully understood, especially in neuroblastoma. In this study, we firstly found the significant up-regulation of the soluble NKG2DL sMICA/B and sULBP2 in the serum of neuroblastoma patients, which was mainly derived from neuroblastoma tumor cells and shed by ADAM10 and ADAM17. Furthermore, sNKG2DLs expression levels were negatively correlated with the immunosuppressive microenvironment and poor prognosis. Tumor-derived sNKG2DL induced degradation of NKG2D on CD8+ T cells and impaired CD8+ T cell proliferation, IFN-γ production, and CD107a translocation. More importantly, the blockade of tumor-derived sNKG2DLs recuperates anti-tumor activity of CD8+ T cell. Thus, our data uncover a novel neuroblastoma-induced immunosuppression, and offer a promising strategy to recover T-cell function and enhance anti-tumor immunotherapy.
Discovering hair biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease using high resolution mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics
Authors: Liao Pao-Chi , Chang Chih-Wei , Li Shih-Wen , Sung Pi-Shan , Wang Ru-Hsueh , Wu Chih-Hsing , Chen Yuan-Chi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common and progressive neurodegenerative disorder related to cognitive impairments that generally include deficits in short-term memory. Hair may be a potential biospecimen for AD biomarker discovery since it reflects the integral metabolic profiles of body burden over several months. Here, we discovered hair biomarkers in hair that differentiate AD patients from cognitively healthy controls using a high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)-based untargeted metabolomics approach.Methods: An HRMS-based untargeted metabolomics approach was used to discover the potential AD biomarker candidates in hair samples from 24 AD patients (including n = 14, 7, and 3, with CDR scores of 0.5, 1, and 2, respectively) and 24 age- and sex-matched cognitively healthy controls. The hair samples were collected 0.1-cm away from the scalp and further cut into 3-cm segments. Hair metabolites were extracted by ultrasonication with methanol/phosphate-buffered saline 50/50 (v/v) for 4 hours. We assessed metabolic biomarker to distinguish between AD and controls with Student’s t test, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results: Statistically significant changes in 61 peak features in hair between the patients with AD and cognitively healthy controls were discovered, of which 25 were identified to have chemical structures. The levels of nine metabolites, including acetyl-L-carnitine, propionylcarnitine, butyrylcarnitine, O-valeroyl-L-carnitine, PC (16:0/0:0), LPC 18:1, piperine, hydroxyprolyl-leucine, and 6-O-methylnorlaudanosoline, were significantly lower in patients with questionable AD (CDR score of 0.5) than in cognitively healthy controls (p < 0.01). ROC curves were constructed to evaluate the performance of the nine metabolites combined into a metabolic marker panel for distinguishing patients with questionable AD from cognitively healthy controls, in which the sensitivity and specificity were 86% and 71%, respectively, and the AUC value was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.72~0.97), indicating high potential for the initiation of AD dementia.Conclusions: Nine metabolites may be used as biomarkers for the early detection of AD dementia or therapeutic development after validation in a larger cohort. The present study suggested that the hair metabolome can be used to reveal metabolic perturbations for biomarker discovery and may lead to the development of a sensitive diagnostic tool for AD.
Charismatic leadership to overcome employee resistance to organisational change process
Authors: Awamleh Fawwaz Tawfiq 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Charismatic leaders play a crucial role in the organisational change process. This is due to their unique relationship with followers. The current theories of charismatic leadership mainly emphasises on the leader’s personality, behaviour and its impact on social change. There is a gap, however, in explaining the role that leader/follower interaction plays on the organisational change process. This study aims to propose a theoretical model to explore how charismatic leadership style can overcome the employee resistance to organisational change process. Method: A qualitative method is used in a case study based on “Amman International Airport” where a charismatic leadership style is observed in defending the organization’s position in overcoming employee resistance against the chosen organizational change. Results: The results suggest that charismatic leaders employ a set of coherent communication strategies in bringing up change in organisations and on the control of individuals and groups. Conclusion: Understanding the role of charismatic characteristics and features of leadership style gives us important insights into the role of the charismatic leader as well as his influence on his followers and their perceptions. Perhaps more importantly, it helps us understand how leaders can use, or at least take advantage of, organizational change processes and control of individuals and groups.