bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The e-mental health treatment in Stockholm myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronaries or Takotsubo syndrome study (E-SMINC): a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Olsson Erik M. G. , Norlund Fredrika , Rondung Elisabet , Humphries Sophia M. , Held Claes , Lyngå Patrik , Spaak Jonas , Sundin Örjan , Sundelin Runa , Leissner Philip , Kövamees Lena , Tornvall Per 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
In the aftermath of a myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) or Takotsubo syndrome (TS), patients commonly express high levels of stress and anxiety. Current treatment alternatives rarely address these issues.

Methods
The study is a randomised controlled trial, where 90 patients with a discharge diagnosis of MINOCA or TS who also report symptoms of stress or anxiety will be randomised 2–6 weeks after their cardiac event. The treatment consists of 10 weeks of Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and starts immediately after randomisation for the treatment group. The control group receives usual care. Main outcomes are symptoms of anxiety measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, anxiety subscale, and perceived stress measured with the Perceived Stress Scale, 14-item version, 10 weeks after randomisation. Secondary measures include cardiac specific anxiety, symptoms of post-traumatic stress, quality of life, cortisol measured in hair and physiological stress responses (heart rate variability, blood pressure and saliva cortisol) during a stress procedure. Ten weeks after randomisation, the control group will also receive treatment. Long-term follow-up in the self-report measures mentioned above will be conducted 20 and 50 weeks after randomisation where the total group’s development over time is followed, and the groups receiving intervention early versus late compared.

Discussion
At present, there are no randomised studies evaluating psychological treatment for patients with MINOCA or TS. There is an urgent need for treatment alternatives aiming at relieving stress and anxiety considering the high mental stress and anxiety levels observed in MINOCA and TS, leading to decreased quality of life. CBT aiming at reducing mental stress has been shown to be effective regarding prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease. The current protocol describes a randomised open-label controlled trial evaluating an Internet-based CBT program for reduction of stress and anxiety in patients with increased mental stress and/or anxiety with a discharge diagnosis of either MINOCA or TS.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.govNCT04178434. Registered on 26 November 2019
The erector spinae block: a novel approach to pain management in acute appendicitis
Authors: Brewer Jonathan , Conger Holly , Rash Robert 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute abdominal pain is one of the most common complaints that patients present with in the emergency room and has long been a challenge to effectively manage without relying on opioid analgesia. The use of ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks (UGRA) represents a new frontier in multimodal pain control regimens in the acute setting. An erector spinae plane (ESP) block is believed to mediate pain relief in multiple dermatomes through blockage of both visceral and somatic nerves. Analgesia provided by a single injection can help keep a patient comfortable for hours without breakthrough pain and the subsequent need for frequent redosing of opioid pain medication. To this date, there is very limited evidence of an ESP block in the utilization of acute appendicitis in the emergency department.

Case report
This case report presents a 26-year-old female with a past medical history of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and a tubal ligation that presented with 7/10 right lower quadrant abdominal pain that began 1 h prior to arrival. She stated that she felt like this was similar to her PCOS exacerbations in the past. During her evaluation, she underwent a computed tomography (CT) scan of her abdomen and pelvis that was remarkable for acute, uncomplicated appendicitis. She was given 4 mg of morphine for her pain with little response, so the offer was made for an erector spinae block that the patient elected to receive. After being consented both for the procedure and for research, she received a right-sided erector spinae block with 20 mL’s of 0.2% ropivacaine (2 mg/mL) at the L1 vertebral level. After approximately 15 min, she stated that she had a reduction in her pain from a 6/10 to a 1/10 that persisted throughout the rest of her stay in the emergency department.
Krüppel-like factor 5 accelerates the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease via BACE1-mediated APP processing
Authors: Wang Yaqi , Cui Yuting , Liu Jing , Song Qiao , Cao Min , Hou Yuli , Zhang Xiaomin , Wang Peichang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) in the brain plays a major role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Aβ is generated via amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleavage through the amyloidogenic pathway. In this pathway, β-secretase (BACE1) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme. Its expression increases through an unknown mechanism in patients with AD. Thus, the key regulatory mechanism of BACE1 in the AD process should be revealed to understand the pathogenesis of AD and explore the key treatment targets of AD.

Methods
Here, APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice were employed to observe the Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) and BACE1 levels in the serum and brain tissues. HT22 cells were used to explore the relationship between KLF5 and BACE1.

Results
In this study, KLF5 was found to be a novel transcription factor that positively regulated BACE1 by binding to the BACE1 promoter. The KLF5 levels significantly increased not only in the CSF and serum of patients with AD but also in the brain tissue of APP/PS1 mice. They were closely related to cognitive capacity. KLF5 accelerated APP amyloidogenic metabolism and promoted Aβ synthesis through BACE1. Silencing BACE1 could block the KLF5-induced amyloidogenic process of APP. ML264 ameliorated the cognitive deficits and slowed down APP amyloidogenic cleavage in APP/PS1 mice.

Conclusion
The findings above suggest that upregulation of KLF5 might be a critical element in AD progression by accelerating BACE1-mediated APP amyloidogenic cleavage. The inhibition of KLF5 or the combined inhibitory effect of KLF5 and the BACE1 promoter might be a potential strategy to prevent AD pathogenesis.
Genomic and physiological traits provide insights into ecological niche adaptations of mangrove endophytic Streptomyces parvulus VCCM 22513
Authors: Quach Ngoc Tung , Vu Thi Hanh Nguyen , Bui Thi Lien , Le Thi Thanh Xuan , Nguyen Thi Thu An , Ngo Cao Cuong , Phi Quyet-Tien 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Endophytic Streptomyces parvulus VCCM 22513 isolated from Bruguiera gymnorrhiza in Quang Ninh mangrove forest, northern Vietnam showed abiotic stress tolerance consisting of antioxidant, salt-tolerant, and aromatic-compound degrading activities. The goal of this study was to shed light on genomic bases rendering mangrove endophytic S. parvulus more resilient to environmental stressors.

Methods
Phenotypic analysis including antioxidant activities, hydrogen peroxide and sodium chloride resistance, and aromatic compound utilization were evaluated. The genome of strain VCCM 22513 was sequenced using Illumina Miseq sequencing platform and assembled using SPAdes.

Results
Out of 15 endophytic actinomycetes associated with B. gymnorrhiza in Quang Ninh mangrove, northern Vietnam, VCCM 22513 extract showed remarkable antioxidant activities through (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) DPPH and superoxide radical scavenging assays of 72.1 ± 0.04% and 38.3 ± 0.16% at 1.6 mg/ml, respectively. The genome consists of a 7,688,855 bp linear chromosome, 6782 protein-coding sequences, and 68 tRNAs. Genomic analysis identified strain VCCM 22513 as Streptomyces parvulus and confirmed a highly conserved core genome and stability of S. parvulus under natural selection. Genome mining revealed the presence of genetic determinants involved in mycothiol and ergothioneine biosynthesis (26 genes), oxidative stress resistance (43 genes), osmoadaptation (87 genes), heat and cold stress (34 genes), aromatic compound degradation (55 genes). Further genome-wide comparison between S. parvulus VCCM 22513 and 11 Streptomyces genomes showed that VCCM 22513 possesses significantly higher copies of genes involved in mycothiol and ergothioneine biosynthesis. In support of this finding, the strain exhibited much resistance to 0.6–1.0 M H2O2 and 6% (w/v) NaCl as compared to Streptomyces cavourensis YBQ59 isolated from Cinnamomum cassia Prels. In addition, the complete pathways for degradation of aromatic compounds including protocatechuate, gentisate, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, cinnamate, 3-phenylpropionate, and styrene were only identified in the genome of VCCM 22513.

Conclusions
The present study revealed for the first time adaptive responses of mangrove endophytic S. parvulus VCCM 22513 to survive in hostile environment. The information shown here provided better understanding of underlying mechanisms related to adaptation and partially plant-microbe interaction of Streptomyces associated with mangrove plants.
Behavioral manifestations in rodent models of autism spectrum disorder: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Panzenhagen Alana Castro , Cavalcanti Amanda , Stein Dirson João , de Castro Ligia Lins , Vasconcelos Mailton , Abreu Mariana Boechat , Almeida Roberto Farina , Bertoglio Leandro José , Herrmann Ana Paula 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition associated with severe social communication, interaction, and sensory processing impairments. Efforts to understand its etiology and pathophysiology are crucial for improving treatment and prevention measures. Preclinical models of ASD are essential for investigating the biological mechanisms and should present translatability potential. We aim to evaluate the consistency of the most commonly used rodent models of ASD in displaying autistic-like behavior through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods
This review will focus on the most frequently used autism models, surveying studies of six genetic (Ube3a, Pten, Nlgn3, Shank3, Mecp2, and Fmr1), three chemically induced (valproic acid (VPA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C))), and one inbred model (BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J mouse strain). Two independent reviewers will screen the records. Data extraction of behavioral outcomes and risk of bias evaluation will be performed. We will conduct a meta-analysis whenever at least five studies investigate the same model and behavioral outcome. We will also explore the heterogeneity and publication bias. Network meta-analyses are planned to compare different models.

Discussion
By shortening the gap between animal behavior and human endophenotypes or specific clinical symptoms, we expect to help researchers on which rodent models are adequate for research of specific behavioral manifestations of autism, which potentially require a combination of them depending on the research interest.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42021226299.
New results on the sign of the Green function of a two-point n-th order linear boundary value problem
Authors: Almenar Pedro , Jódar Lucas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper provides conditions for determining the sign of all the partial derivatives of the Green functions of n-th order boundary value problems subject to a wide set of homogeneous two-point boundary conditions, removing restrictions of previous results about the distance between the two extremes that define the problem. To do so, it analyzes the sign of the derivatives of the solutions of related two-point n-th order boundary value problems subject to $n-1$
n
−
1
boundary conditions by introducing a new property denoted by ‘hyperdisfocality’.
Effects of pelvic obliquity and limb position on radiographic leg length discrepancy measurement: a Sawbones model
Authors: Hamad Mohammed Nazmy , Livshetz Isaac , Sood Anshum , Patetta Michael , Gonzalez Mark H. , Amirouche Farid A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Potential sources of inaccuracy in leg length discrepancy (LLD) measurements commonly arise due to postural malalignment during radiograph acquisition. Preoperative planning techniques for total hip arthroplasty (THA) are particularly susceptible to this inaccuracy, as they often rely solely on radiographic assessments. Owing to the extensive variety of pathologies that are associated with LLD, an understanding of the influence of malpositioning on LLD measurement is crucial. In the present study, we sought to characterize the effects of varying degrees of lateral pelvic obliquity (PO) and mediolateral limb movement in the coronal plane on LLD measurement error (ME).

Methods
A 3-D sawbones model of the pelvis with bilateral femurs of equal-length was assembled. Anteroposterior pelvic radiographs were captured at various levels of PO: 0°, 5°, 10°, and 15°. At each level of PO, femurs were individually rotated medio-laterally to produce 0°, 5°, 10°, and 15° of abduction/adduction. LLD was measured radiographically at each position combination. For all cases of PO, the right-side of the pelvis was designated as the higher-side, and the left as the lower-side.

Results
At 0° PO, 71% of tested variations in femoral abduction/adduction resulted in LLD ME < 0.5-cm, while 29% were ≥ 0.5-cm, but < 1-cm. ME increased progressively as one limb was further abducted while the contralateral limb was simultaneously further adducted. The highest ME occurred with one femur abducted 15° and the other adducted 15°. Similar magnitudes of ME were seen in 98% of tested femoral positions at 5° of PO. The greatest ME (~ 1 cm) occurred at the extremes of right-femur abduction and left-femur adduction. At 10° of PO, a higher prevalence of cases exhibited LLD ME > 0.5-cm (39%) and ≥ 1-cm (8%). The greatest errors occurred at femoral positions similar to those seen at 5° of PO. At 15° of PO, half of tested variations in femoral position resulted in LLD ME > 1-cm, while 22% of cases produced errors > 1.5-cm. These clinically significant errors occurred at all tested variations of right-femur abduction, with the left-femur in either neutral position, abduction, or adduction.

Conclusion
This study aids surgeons in understanding the magnitude of radiographic LLD ME produced by varying degrees of PO and femoral abduction/adduction. At a PO of ≤5°, variations in femoral abduction/adduction of up to 15° produce errors of marginal clinical significance. At PO of 10° or 15°, even small changes in mediolateral limb position led to clinically significant ME (> 1-cm). This study also highlights the importance of proper patient positioning during radiograph acquisition, demonstrating the need for surgeons to assess the quality of their radiographs before performing preoperative templating for THA, and accounting for PO (> 5°) when considering the validity of LLD measurements.
Ethanolic extract of rice bran: a thermally stable preservative for edible oils and cake
Authors: Seneviratne Kaveesha P. , Anjali N. V. P. , Senanayake Chathuri M. , Jayathilaka Nimanthi , Seneviratne Kapila N. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the thermal stability of the rice bran extract (RBE) and analyze the effect of RBE on the shelf-life of sunflower oil and the quality characteristics and shelf-life of baked cake. The thermal stability of RBE was evaluated by a Rancimat test using sunflower oil. Properties such as moisture content, porosity, crumb density and pore area of cakes baked with RBE and the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) were compared. Sensory properties such as taste, aroma, texture, color and overall acceptability of the cake samples were compared using a sensory panel test. The shelf-life of the cakes was evaluated by microbial counts and chemical methods. Thermally treated RBE and BHT for 2 h at 180 °C retained 75% of their initial capacity in protecting sunflower oil while RBE had a significantly higher protection factor (p < 0.05). Cakes baked with RBE received higher scores for taste, color and overall acceptability compared to control or BHT-added cake. BHT-added cake and RBE-added cake exceeded the aerobic plate count (APC) and yeast and mold count (YMC) on days 11 and 13 respectively, while the control cakes without added antioxidants exceeded the APC and YMC on day 7. Both BHT- and RBE-added cakes maintained hexanal levels below 5 mg/kg over 28 days while the control cake exceeded this level on day 21. The results suggest that RBE can be used as a natural food additive to improve the quality and shelf-life of baked foods and edible oils.
Graphical Abstract
Endurance Training Improves GLP-1 Sensitivity and Glucose Tolerance in Overweight Women
Authors: Åkerström Thorbjörn , Stolpe Malene N , Widmer Renate , Dejgaard Thomas F , Højberg Jens M , Møller Kirsten , Hansen Jakob S , Trinh Beckey , Holst Jens J , Thomsen Carsten , Pedersen Bente K , Ellingsgaard Helga 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Context and objective
Obesity and inactivity are risk factors for developing impaired glucose tolerance characterized by insulin resistance and reduced beta-cell function. The stimulatory effect of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) on insulin secretion is also impaired in obese, inactive individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate whether endurance training influences beta-cell sensitivity to GLP-1.

Participants and intervention
Twenty-four female participants, age 46 ± 2 years, body mass index 32.4 ± 0.9 kg/m2, and maximal oxygen consumption 24.7 ± 0.8 mL/kg/min participated in a 10-week exercise training study.

Methods
Beta-cell sensitivity to GLP-1 was assessed in a subset of participants (n = 6) during a 120-minute hyperglycemic glucose clamp (8.5 mM) including a 1-hour GLP-1 (7-36 amide) infusion (0.4 pmol/kg/min). Changes in glucose tolerance, body composition, and cardiorespiratory fitness were assessed by oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans, magnetic resonance scans, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) tests, respectively.

Results
The c-peptide response to infusion of GLP-1 increased 28 ± 3% (P &lt; 0.05) toward the end of the hyperglycemic clamp. The insulin response remained unchanged. Training improved glucose tolerance and reduced GLP-1, insulin, and glucagon levels during the OGTTs. Training increased VO2max (from 24.7 ± 0.8 to 27.0 ± 0.7 mL/kg/min; P &lt; 0.05) and reduced visceral fat volume (from 4176 ± 265 to 3888 ± 266 cm3; P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusion
Along with improved glycemic control, endurance training improved beta-cell sensitivity to GLP-1 in overweight women. The study was deemed not to constitute a clinical trial and was not registered as such.
Ketamine Induces Delirium-Like Behavior and Interferes With Endosomal Tau Trafficking
Authors: Ren Xinghua , Zhang Siyi , Yang Yongyan , Song Annie , Liang Feng , Zhang Yiying , Dong Yuanlin , Wu Xu , Xie Zhongcong 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND:
Ketamine is an intravenous anesthetic. However, whether ketamine can induce neurotoxicity and neurobehavioral deficits remains largely unknown. Delirium is a syndrome of acute brain dysfunction associated with anesthesia and surgery in patients, and tau protein may contribute to postoperative delirium. Finally, ketamine may affect the function of the endosome, the key organelle for tau release from neurons. Therefore, we set out to determine the effects of ketamine on delirium-like behavior in mice and on tau trafficking in cultured cells.

METHODS:
We used the buried-food test, open-field test, and Y-maze test in adult mice to assess the presence of delirium-like behavior in mice. We quantified tau amounts in the serum of mice. We used cell fraction methods to determine the effects of ketamine on tau intracellular trafficking, extracellular release, and endosome trafficking in cultured cells.

RESULTS:
Ketamine induced delirium-like behavior in mice and increased tau amounts in serum of mice. The ketamine treatments also led to increased accumulation of endosomes, as evidenced by increased endosomal markers Rab5 and Rab7. Moreover, ketamine inhibited endosome maturation, demonstrated by decreased membrane-bound but increased cytoplasm amounts of Rab5 and Rab7. Consequently, ketamine increased tau in the endosomes of cultured cells and the cell culture medium.

CONCLUSIONS:
These data suggest that ketamine may interfere with intracellular tau trafficking and induce delirium-like behavior, promoting future research regarding the potential neurotoxicity of anesthetics.
Lignin-based Nanofiltration Membrane with High Permeability, Acid-alkali and Chlorine Resistances toward the Removal of Multivalent Salts and Dyes
Authors: Sun Wenge , Zhang Na , Li Qiang , Luo Xin , Baqiah Hussein , Cui Wanling , Li Zhen , Deng Huining 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A lignin-based nanofiltration membrane was fabricated using aminated lignin and trimesoyl chloride as raw materials by an interfacial polymerization approach. The obtained membrane possesses excellent pure water permeability (31.2 L m−2 h−1 bar−1), high retention rates (&gt;95%) to multivalent salts (EDTA and sodium citrate) and organic dyes (brilliant blue R and congo red), satisfactory acid-alkali and chlorine resistances, and separation-performance stability. It also shows better retention capability and alkaline stability than those of a membrane fabricated with pristine alkali lignin due to the high crosslinking degree.
Soldiers’ Heart: A Prospective Study of Cardiac Remodeling in Soldiers Undergoing Progressive Intensity Exercise Training
Authors: STANTON KELLY M. , WYLIE LAURA , KOTCHETKOVA IRINA , COY AMY , CARROLL GERARD , LA GERCHE ANDRÉ , CELERMAJER DAVID S. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Most studies reporting cardiac changes with exercise have been cross sectional. The few available longitudinal studies have lacked standardization for environmental confounders. We prospectively assessed the relationship between increasing exercise intensity and cardiac remodeling in a highly standardized cohort of healthy young army soldiers.

Methods
Sixty-three male army recruits (22 ± 3 yr) underwent a 12-wk moderate-intensity mixed strength and endurance exercise program, followed by a further 15-wk high-intensity exercise program, with highly controlled exercise, diet, and sleep patterns. Fitness (multistage fitness test), anthropometry, and 2D echocardiography were assessed.

Results
Moderate-intensity exercise was associated with increased fitness and decreased body fat % (both P < 0.01). There was no significant incremental change in these parameters after high-intensity exercise. By contrast, both moderate- and high-intensity exercises were associated with dose-dependent increases in left atrial and left ventricular (LV) volumes, LV mass, and right ventricular (RV) size (all P < 0.01). At the end of high-intensity training, 51% had a dilated LV and 59% had a dilated RV compared with published normal ranges. Almost all had normal LV systolic function and strain before and after exercise training. A small number of soldiers had mildly decreased RV systolic function at baseline and after moderate-intensity exercise (3% and 6%, respectively).

Conclusions
We describe “soldiers’ heart,” which is characterized by balanced chamber dilatation, normal LV mass, and largely normal systolic function and myocardial strain. This prospective and highly controlled longitudinal study also found that increasing intensity exercise was associated with increasing chamber dimensions, which paralleled an increase in fitness after moderate-intensity exercise. After high-intensity exercise, however, cardiac chamber size continued to increase, but fitness did not increase further.