bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in Antiplatelet Strategies 12-months Following Coronary Stent Placement in Anticoagulated Patients
Authors: Gamvroulas Eleni M , Jones Aubrey E , Saunders John A , Jones Tara L , Witt Daniel M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background Antithrombotic guidelines for patients that undergo percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) and also require anticoagulant medications are evolving. The objective of this study was to describe changes to antithrombotic therapy and associated outcomes occurring 12-months following PCI in patients requiring ongoing anticoagulation therapy.
Methods Records of patients identified from queries of electronic medical records were manually reviewed to verify changes to antithrombotic therapy from discharge to 12-months and at 12-months following PCI, and episodes of major bleeding, clinically relevant non-major bleeding (CRNMB), major adverse cardiovascular or neurological events (MACNE), and all-cause mortality outcomes during an additional 6-months follow-up.
Results Patients (n=114) receiving anticoagulation therapy at 12 months post PCI were classified into the following groups according to antiplatelet therapy status at that time: no antiplatelet therapy (n=16), single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) (n=81), and dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) (n=17). During the initial 12 months post PCI, there were 73 outcome events including MACNE (32.5%), major bleeding (8.3%), and CRNMB (13.3%). Between 12- and 18-months following PCI there were 2 major bleeds, 7 CRNMB, 6 MACNE, 2 venous thromboembolisms, and 5 deaths. All but one bleeding episode occurred in the SAPT group.
Conclusions Most anticoagulated patients were continued on antiplatelet therapy after 12-months post PCI. Bleeding was numerically more common in anticoagulated patients continuing SAPT therapy beyond 12 months. There was significant variability in antithrombotic prescribing patterns 12-months post PCI suggesting a potential opportunity for standardizing care in this patient population.
Intratumoral and Peritumoral Radiomics Based on Contrast-enhanced MRI for Preoperatively Predicting Treatment Response of Transarterial Chemoembolization in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Ying , Zhang Jian , Wang Nan , Xu Qihao , Liu Yuhui , Liu Jinghong , Zhang Qinhe , Zhang Xinyuan , Chen Anliang , Chen Lihua , Sheng Liuji , Song Qingwei , Wang Feng , Guo Yan , Liu Ailian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Noninvasive and precise methods to estimate treatment response and identify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who could benefit from transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) are urgently required. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics based on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) to preoperatively predict tumor response to TACE in HCC patients.
Methods
This retrospective study involved 138 HCC patients (objective response, n = 73 vs. non-response, n = 65) who were divided into the training (n = 96) and validation (n = 42) cohorts. Total 1206 radiomics features were extracted from arterial, venous, and delayed phases images. Radiomics models on intratumoral region (TR) and peritumoral region (PTR) (3 mm, 5 mm, and 10 mm) were established using logistic regression. Three integrated radiomics models, including intratumoral and peritumoral region (T-PTR) (3 mm), T-PTR (5 mm), and T-PTR (10 mm) models, were constructed by using TR and PTR radiomics scores. A clinical-radiological model and a combined model incorporating the optimal radiomics score and selected clinical-radiological predictors were constructed, and the combined model was presented as a nomogram. The discrimination, calibration, and clinical utilities were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis, respectively.
Results
The (T-PTR) (3 mm) radiomics model demonstrated the best performance among all radiomics models with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.911 (95% confidence interval(CI), 0.825–0.975) in the validation cohort. The (T-PTR) (3 mm) radiomics score, alkaline phosphatase, tumor size, and satellite nodule were combined to construct a combined nomogram. The combined nomogram outperformed the clinical-radiological model with the AUCs of 0.918 (95%CI, 0.831–0.986) and 0.782 (95%CI, 0.660–0.902) and achieved good calibration capability and clinical utility.
Conclusions
CE-MRI-based intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics approach can provide an effective tool for the precise and individualized estimation of treatment response for HCC patients treated with TACE.
Interaction Analysis of SHMT1/2 Gene Variants with HCC in Chinese Patients
Authors: Sun Yao-Hui , Gao Jie , Shi Cheng-Cheng , Liu Xu-Dong , Zhang Feng , Shi Xiao-Yi , Wang Yun , He Yu-Ting , Guo Wen-Zhi , Zhang Shui-Jun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Metabolic reprogramming caused by SHMT1/2, as key enzymes in one-carbon metabolism, has been considered to play a critical role in occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SHMT1/2 genes and susceptibility of HCC remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between four candidate SNPs in SHMT1/2 and risk of HCC in Chinese population.
Materials and methods: A case-control study including 514 HCC patients and 234 controls was performed to determine associations between SNPs of SHMT1/2 and HCC risk,isolated via mass spectrometry.
Results: Our data revealed that SHMT2 rs2229717 was significantly associated with HCC risk when compared to healthy controls under multiple genetic models (Allele T: odds ratio (OR) = 0.73, P=0.023; Dominant Model: OR = 0.72, P=0.044). When our cohort was stratified by sex, male subjects with the T allele and TT genotype for rs2229717 exhibited a decreased risk for HCC risk (OR=0.67, 95%CI=0.50-0.91; OR=0.43, 95%CI=0.18-0.99). In addition, after age stratification was executed, the results showed that both the T allele and the GT genotype for rs2229717 were less common in HCC patients under 50 years old.
Conclusion: These data indicate that rs2229717is a predisposing factor for HCC and may affect the occurrence of HCC in various age or sex subgroups, suggesting that SHMT2 rs2229717may be as a useful predictive or diagnostic tool for HCC in some populations.
Validation of a modified South African triage scale in a high-resource setting: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Markussen Dagfinn Lunde , Brevik Heidi Synnøve , Bjørneklett Rune Oskar , Engan Mette 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background

Triage systems are widely used in emergency departments, but are not always validated. The South African Triage Scale (SATS) has mainly been studied in resource-limited settings. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of a modified version of SATS for the general population of patients admitted to an ED at a tertiary hospital in a high-income country. Secondary objective was to study triage performance according to age and patient categories.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients presenting to the Emergency department of Haukeland University Hospital in Norway during a four-year period. We used short-term mortality, ICU admission, and the need for immediate surgery and other interventions as the primary endpoints.

Results

A total of 162,034 Emergency Department visits were included in the analysis. The negative predictive value of a low triage level to exclude severe illness was 99.1 % (95% confidence interval: 99.0-99.2 %). The level of over-triage, defined as the proportion of patients assigned to high triage level who were not admitted to hospital, was 4.1 % (3.9-4.2%). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed an area under the ROC for the detection severe illness of 0.874 (95% confidence interval: 0.870-0.879) for all patients and 0.856 (0.837-0.875), 0.884 (0.878-0.890) and 0.869 (0.862-0.876) for children, adults and the elderly respectively.

Conclusion

We found that the modified SATS had a good sensitivity to identify short-term mortality, ICU admission, and the need for rapid surgery and other interventions. The sensitivity was higher in adults than in children and higher in medical patients than in surgical patients. Over- and under-triage were acceptable.
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase overexpression enhances an aggressive phenotypic characteristics of endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Yokoi Ako , Nakamura Yusaku , Hashimura Miki , Oguri Yasuko , Matsumoto Toshihide , Nakagawa Mayu , Ishibashi Yu , Ito Takashi , Ohhigata Kensuke , Harada Youhei , Fukagawa Naomi , Saegusa Makoto 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Although anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) overexpression is overexpressed in several primary solid tumor types, its role in endometrial carcinoma (Em Ca) remains unclear.
Methods
We evaluated expression of ALK and its related molecules in clinical samples consisting of 168 Em Ca tissues. We also used Em Ca cell lines to evaluate the functional role of ALK.
Results
Cytoplasmic ALK immunoreactivity in the absence of chromosomal rearrangement was positively correlated with ALK mRNA expression, and was significantly higher in Grade (G) 3 Em Ca than in G1 or G2 tumors. ALK immunoreactivity was also significantly associated with expression of cancer stem cell (CSC)-related molecules (cytoplasmic CD133, ALDH1, Sox2) and neuroendocrine markers (CD56 and synaptophysin). Although the proliferative index was significantly higher in ALK-positive Em Ca when compared to ALK- negative malignancies, there was no association between ALK expression and other clinicopathological factors in this disease. In Em Ca cell lines, full-length ALK overexpression increased proliferation, decreased susceptibility to apoptosis, enhanced cancer stem cell features, and accelerated cell mobility, whereas these phenotypes were abrogated in ALK-knockdown cells. Finally, tumors with either wild-type ALK or high ALK mRNA expression were associated with a poorer prognosis when compared to Em Ca with either mutant ALK or low ALK mRNA expression.
Conclusion
Full-length ALK overexpression occurs in a subset of Em Ca, particularly in G3 tumors, and contributes to establishment and maintenance of aggressive phenotypic characteristics through modulation of several biological processes.
Richness of Nigrospora spp. (Apiosporaceae) in Manihot esculenta Cranz in Brazil and the description of three new species
Authors: Brito Amanda Cupertino de Queiroz , de Mello Juliana Ferreira , Souza Ana Elisa de Almeida , Nascimento Sandy dos Santos , de Souza-Motta Cristina Maria , Machado Alexandre Reis 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Manihot esculenta Crantz, commonly known as cassava, is an important staple food in developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Despite its relevance, few studies in search of endophytic fungi have been carried out on this plant. Nigrospora spp. has a widespread range of hosts and can be found as saprobes, endophytes, and pathogens. Nigrospora has already been isolated from cassava plants in previous studies. However, its identification was made only at the genus level. In this study, healthy cassava stems were collected in the northeast region of Brazil from where specimens of this genus were obtained. The isolates were identified based on morphological features and phylogenetic analyses of internal transcriber space (ITS), part of the translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF1- α), and β-tubulin fragment (TUB2) genic regions. As a result, we report two new geographic occurrences of N. pyriformis, and N. vesicularifera, four new records N. hainanensis, N. lacticolonia, N. pyriformis, and N. vesicularifera associated with cassava, and the description of three new species named N. endophytica, N. manihoticola and N. pernambucoensis.
Separating the impacts of climate variability and human activities on the discharge and component of streamflow in Taoer River Basin, China
Authors: Li Mingqian , Gu Hongbiao , Wang He , Wang Ying , Chi Baoming 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Climate variability and human activity are the two driving forces that alter the hydrological cycle and spatiotemporal distribution of water resources. Quantitative separation of the two drivers is crucial for regional water resource management. Relevant studies focus mainly on the quantitative attribution of streamflow changes but overlook the impact of changing environments on hydrological processes and the hydrological regime (or streamflow component). Using the Taoer River Basin (TRB) as an example, this study analyzed the impacts of climate variability and human activities on streamflow discharge in various periods and the resulting hydrological alterations. First, through the Mann–Kendall test and cumulative anomaly method, combined with the construction of the reservoir, historical streamflow data were divided into four periods (baseline period and altered periods 1, 2, and 3). Based on the proposed basic identification framework, four assessment methods (the hydrological sensitivity method, distributed hydrological model, linear regression model, and runoff restoring computation) were used, and relatively consistent estimates of streamflow attribution were obtained. Climate variability was the driving factor for streamflow changes, and the relative contributions in altered periods 1, 2, and 3 were 81% (50.34 mm), 68% (13.37 mm), and 53% (-19.23 mm), respectively, and always accompanied by changes in hydrological regimes. Climate variability and reservoir construction have different impacts on the hydrological regime at different periods, and reservoir regulation’s effect on the hydrological regime depends on climatic conditions. We further discuss the necessity of breakpoint selection and period division in the attribution of streamflow changes, and analyze the applicability of different methods with current ideas for improvement. This study not only has practical significance for water resource planning and adaptive policy formulation in the TRB but also provides a reference for similar studies.
Air pollutant removal by urban vegetation: A meta-analysis of gaps in research and environmental management
Authors: Xian Chaofan , Gong Cheng , Wu Tong , Liu Jingru , Ouyang Zhiyun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Air pollutant removal by urban vegetation is a type of nature-based solution (NbS), and has received growing attention by researchers and decision-makers across the world. However, the effectiveness of botanical pollutant removal in cities requires more synthesis to inform urban planning and management. In this study, we quantified the effectiveness of the removal of typical air pollutants – particle matter (PM), nitrogen oxide (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3) – by synthesizing global field-measurement studies based on a Bayesian meta-regression approach. The results revealed that urban vegetation can mitigate the growth of air pollutant concentrations, with reduction rates of 16.5～26.7% for PM, 13.9～36.2% for NOx, and 20.5%～47.8% for SO2. However, they failed to significantly mitigate ground-level O3, corresponding to an increase of 5.1～25.9%. The variability in effect sizes was mainly influenced by the distance to nearest highway, ambient concentration, relative humidity and green coverage. To link the above effects of botanical pollutant removal to environmental management, a brief questionnaire was then conducted in one of case-study cities (Shenzhen, China) to investigate environmental managers’ views on the removal effect of urban vegetation. The feedbacks showed that most respondents supposed positive impacts of urban vegetation on all four air pollutants, which was at odds with our findings with respect to O3. Finally, concerning the case study of Shenzhen, some suggestions were proposed to improve the nature-based solutions (NbS) for air pollution mitigation, highlighting the important role of urban vegetation for public health in global cities.
Transition-Metal-Free Hydrosulfonylation of 1,3-Dienes with Sulfinic Acids: Efficient Approach to Branched Allylic Sulfones
Authors: Chang Xiaoqiang , Chen Xingyu , Zhang Shuaichen , Lu Sixian , Zhao Yifan , Zhang Dong , Yang Lan , Ma Yue , Sun Peng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Branched allylic sulfones are privileged scaffolds widely distributed in bioactive molecules, and organic functional materials. Some methods for the synthesis of allyl sulfones have been developed, such as Tsuji-Prost reaction, hydrosulfonylation and radical addition reactions. Despite these advances, the transition-metal-free hydrosulfonylation of unactive 1,3-diene leading to branched allylic sulfones has rarely explored. Herein, a boron-catalysed highly regioselective hydrosulfonylation of 1,3-diene with sulfinic acid has been explored to construct a broad scope of branched allylic sulfones. The reactions proceed smoothly without the help of transition-metal-catalyst. Abundant structural motifs have also been obtained through simple transformation from the generated allylic sulfone products. Compared with the previous methods, this protocol exhibited advantages as following: 1) readily available starting material without pre-treatment; 2) under the catalysis of inexpensive boron trifluoride etherate, avoidance of transition-metal-catalyst; 3) simple operation and easy scale-up, and does not require dry conditions, an inert atmosphere or a water scavenger; 4) excellent atom economy and regioselectivity.
Analysis of the pollution reduction effect of green taxation under ESG concept
Authors: Zhang Qihang , Zhang Yalian , Liao Qianxi , Guo Xin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Given the global ecological environment deteriorating, the ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) concept advocates that economic growth and environmental protection must go hand in hand. Green taxes, in particular, are critical to economic development as they serve as a key lever for the government in regulating the national economy and improving environmental quality. This paper aims to examine the pollution reduction effect of green taxation in China. We constructed fixed effect models using provincial panel data from 2012 to 2017 to empirically examine the effect of green taxation - including environment protection tax, consumption tax, resource tax and vehicle purchase tax - on pollution emissions. The findings show that environmental protection tax has a significant inhibitory effect on exhaust gas emissions but a poor inhibitory effect on wastewater and industrial solid waste emissions. Other green taxes - consumption tax, resource tax, and vehicle purchase tax - do not have an ideal inhibitory effect on pollution emissions. The paper concludes with policy recommendations organized around improving the environmental protection tax, actively promoting the ESG concept, and optimizing the top-level design of the green tax system.
High-precision multi-sub-envelope zero-order pole-bias-compensation white-light interferometric topography measurement method
Authors: Yao Dong , Liang HanGang , Tian Dapeng , Yan Chunhui , Meng Lingtong , Shen Honghai , Yang Mingyu , Guo Xu , Wang Yukun , Yuan Ye , Cheng Yanping , Jiang Chunming 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The mZPBC white-light topography measurement method is proposed. In contrast with other methods, this algorithm has a real physical model and directly solves the accurate topography information in spatial domain. We obtain the mathematical expression of this method in theory, verify the noise suppression effect by simulation, and perform the actual measurement experiment to verify the accuracy and efficiency.
Women’s knowledge and attitudes to the menopause: a comparison of women over 40 who were in the perimenopause, post menopause and those not in the peri or post menopause
Authors: Tariq Bisma , Phillips Samantha , Biswakarma Rina , Talaulikar Vikram , Harper Joyce 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate women’s knowledge and attitudes towards the menopause by comparing three groups of women: perimenopause, post menopause and those women not in either the peri or post menopause (other).
Methods: A 35 question online survey was advertised on social media to evaluate women’s attitudes and knowledge of the menopause. Three groups of women were compared: perimenopause, post menopause and those women not in either the peri or post menopause (other).
Results: Most women were completely uninformed or only had some knowledge of the menopause before the age of 40. Most women thought that the menopause should be taught at school, but over 80% had received no menopause education at school themselves. The most popular sources of menopause information were independent websites and friends. Perimenopausal women were significantly more likely than postmenopausal women to use online resources for menopause information. The perimenopausal and postmenopausal groups had more positive attitudes towards the menopause than the other group. 57.5% of postmenopausal women found the menopause difficult or very difficult. Most women were happy about no longer menstruating, although some expressed sadness regarding fertility loss.
Conclusions: Most women had limited knowledge and negative attitudes towards the menopause, leaving them unprepared to cope with the physical and psychological changes associated with this stage of life. Improved menopause education is required to improve quality of life during the menopausal transition and a most positive narrative of life postmenopause.
Reinforcement learning for automated conceptual design of advanced energy and chemical systems
Authors: Wang Dewei , Bao Jie , Zamarripa-Perez Miguel , Paul Brandon , Chen Yunxiang , Gao Peiyuan , Ma Tong , Noring Alexander , Iyengar Arun , Schwartz Daniel , Eggleton Erica , He Qizhi , Liu Andrew , Marina Olga , Koeppel Brian , Xu Zhijie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Computer-aided process engineering and conceptual design in energy and chemical engineering has played a critical role for decades. Conventional computer-aided process and systems design generally starts with process flowsheets that have been developed through experience, which often relies heavily on subject matter expertise. These widely applied approaches require significant human effort, either providing the initially drafted flowsheet, alternative connections, or a set of well-defined heuristics. These requirements make the system design highly reliant on the engineer’s experiences and expertise. In this study, a novel reinforcement learning (RL) based automated system for conceptual design is introduced and demonstrated. The RL approach provides a generic tool for identifying process configurations and significantly decreases the dependence on human intelligence for energy and chemical systems conceptual design. An artificial intelligence agent performs the conceptual design by automatically deciding which process-units are necessary for the desired system, picking the process-units from the candidate process-units pool, connecting them together, and optimizing the operation of the system for the user-defined system performance targets. The AI agent automatically interacts with a physics-based system-level modeling and simulation toolset, the Institute for the Design of Advanced Energy System Integrated Platform, to guarantee the system design is physically consistent.