bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and mechanism of Jiedu Tongluo Tiaogan Formula in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Study protocol for a parallel-armed, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xu Jinghan , Piao Chunli , Qu Yue , Liu Tianjiao , Peng Yuting , Li Qi , Zhao Xiaohua , Li Pei , Wu Xuemin , Fan Yawen , Chen Binqin , Yang Jie 
Published: August 2022

Background: The incidence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has risen over the years. This comorbid condition significantly increases the probability of cirrhosis, liver cancer, and mortality compared to the disease alone. The multi-targeted, holistic treatment efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a vital role in the treatment of T2DM and NAFLD. Jiedu Tongluo Tiaogan Formula (JTTF), based on TCM theory, is widely used in clinical treatment, and its effectiveness in lowering glucose, regulating lipids, improving insulin resistance, and its pathways of action have been demonstrated in previous studies. However, the mechanism of this formula has not been investigated from a metabolomics perspective. Moreover, high-quality clinical studies on T2DM combined with NAFLD are lacking. Therefore, we aim to conduct a clinical trial to investigate the clinical efficacy, safety, and possible pathways of JTTF in the treatment of T2DM combined with NAFLD using metabolomics techniques.Methods: A total of 98 participants will be recruited to this clinical trial and randomly assigned to either a treatment group (JTTF + conventional basic treatment) or control group (conventional basic treatment) in a 1:1 ratio. Both groups will have received the same lifestyle interventions in the preceding 12 weeks. The primary outcome will be change in visceral fat area and total score on the TCM syndromes efficacy score scale. The secondary outcome will include changes in ultrasound steatosis grade, fibrosis 4 score (FIB-4), metabolic parameters, anthropometric parameters, visceral fat area. In addition, serum and urine samples collected at baseline and at the end of 12 weeks of treatment will be sequentially tested for untargeted and targeted metabolomics.Discussion: This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of JTTF, as well as investigate the differential metabolites and possible mechanisms of JTTF treatment in T2DM combined with NAFLD. We hypothesize that patients will benefit from JTTF, which may provide strong evidence for the clinical use of JTTF in the treatment of T2DM and NAFLD, leading to the possibility of further mechanistic exploration.Clinical Trial Registration: This clinical trial has been registered in China Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR 2100051174).
Alterations in sorting and secretion of hepatic apoA5 induce hypertriglyceridemia due to short-term use of olanzapine
Authors: Huang Piao-Piao , Zhu Wen-Qiang , Xiao Jing-Mei , Zhang Yi-Qi , Li Rong , Yang Yang , Shen Li , Luo Fei , Dai Wen , Lian Ping-An , Tang Ya-Xin , Ran Juan-Li , Huang Xian-Sheng 
Published: August 2022

Long-term use of olanzapine, an antipsychotic drug, induces hypertriglyceridemia, resulting in a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of short-term use of olanzapine on circulating triglyceride levels remain poorly understood. Here, the role of apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5), a regulator of triglyceride metabolism, was investigated in olanzapine-induced hypertriglyceridemia. Our multi-center clinical study recruited 36 schizophrenia patients who received short-term (8 weeks) of olanzapine. Besides, female C57BL/6J mice were treated with olanzapine (3 mg/kg/day versus 6 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks. We demonstrated that short-term use of olanzapine increased plasma triglyceride and decreased plasma apoA5 levels in the patients and mice, with a negative correlation between the two factors. However, no obesity was observed in the patients and mice. Interestingly, olanzapine increased hepatic apoA5 protein in the mice, without significant changes in hepatic Apoa5 mRNA. Consistently, in vitro studies indicated that olanzapine increased medium triglyceride levels and decreased medium apoA5 levels in a dose-dependent manner in human HepG2 cells and primary mouse hepatocytes. Whereas the olanzapine treatment increased hepatic apoA5 protein in vitro, without effects on hepatic APOA5 mRNA. Of note, olanzapine increased the co-localization between apoA5 protein and accumulated lipid droplets in hepatocytes, as opposed to at the hepatocellular plasma membrane, in mouse liver as demonstrated by fluorescence staining. Therefore, our study indicated that short-term use of olanzapine induced hypertriglyceridemia due to defects of sorting and secretion of hepatic apoA5.
Effects of renal denervation therapy on cardiac function and malignant arrhythmia in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and narrow QRS complexes treated with implantable cardioverter defibrillator
Authors: Yang Wei , Xu You-Long , Gao Jun-Qing , Shen Deng , Li Min , Fa Jing-Jing , Zhang Ying , Wang Rui , Hou Shu-Xin , Hu Wen-Ying , Jin Hui-Gen , Liu Zong-Jun 
Published: August 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of renal denervation (RDN) on cardiac function and malignant arrhythmia in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) and narrow QRS treated with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).Methods: A total of 20 eligible HFrEF patients [left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) &lt;40%] and narrow QRS complexes (QRS duration &lt;120 ms) were randomized into either the ICD plus RDN group or the ICD only group during 17 April 2014 to 22 November 2016. Clinical data, including clinical characteristics, blood biochemistry, B-type natriuretic peptide, echocardiographic indexes, 6-min walk distance (6MWD), New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, and count of ICD discharge events before and after the operation were analyzed. Patients were followed up for up to 3 years post ICD or ICD plus RDN.Results: Baseline clinical data were comparable between the two groups. Higher LVEF (%) (mixed model repeated measure, p = 0.0306) (39.50% ± 9.63% vs. 31.20% ± 4.52% at 1 year; 41.57% ± 9.62% vs. 31.40% ± 8.14% at 3 years), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.0356), and longer 6MWD (p &lt; 0.0001) as well as reduction of NYHA classification (p &lt; 0.0001) were evidenced in the ICD plus RDN group compared to ICD only group during follow-up. Patients in the ICD plus RDN group experienced fewer ICD discharge events (2 vs. 40) and decreased diuretic use; rehospitalization rate (30% vs. 100%, p = 0.0031) and cardiogenic mortality rate (0% vs. 50%, p = 0.0325) were also significantly lower in the ICD plus RDN group than in the ICD only group during follow-up.Conclusion: ICD implantation plus RDN could significantly improve cardiac function and cardiac outcome as well as increase exercise capacity compared to ICD only for HFrEF patients with narrow QRS complexes.
Impact of closure of educational institutions due to COVID-19 lockdown on overall subjective wellbeing of adolescents and youth: Cross-sectional survey, India
Authors: Rawal Tina , Mishra Vijay Kumar , Sharda Shefali Godura , Sharma Kiran , Mehta Rajesh , Kulkarni Muralidhar M. , Goel Sonu , Arora Monika 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundStudents were confined to their homes due to the national closure of educational institutions during the COVID 19 pandemic, thus presenting an unprecedented risk to children’s education, protection, and wellbeing.AimThis study aimed to understand the determinants of subjective wellbeing of adolescents and youth (aged 11–21 years) during the COVID-19 pandemic in India.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional web-based survey was adapted, pre-tested, and finalized to obtain the participant’s responses from schools and colleges. Participants aged 11–17 years were engaged through schools. Consent procedures were followed. The survey link was disseminated through social media for the participants aged 18–21 years. The survey was made available in English and Hindi. The data was collected from March-June, 2021.ResultsOverall, 1,596 students completed the survey. Out of 1,596 students, 1252 (78%) were below 18 years and 344 (21.5%) participants were 18 years and above. Results suggest a statistically significant (p &lt; 0.01) difference in the level of student’s life satisfaction before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of the students who were dissatisfied with their general life during the pandemic, nearly 63.4% felt sadness followed by other feelings, i.e., boredom (around 60.5%), loneliness (63.7%), and anxiety (62.2%).ConclusionThis study highlights the need for innovative strategies for adolescents and parents to adopt and promote overall subjective wellbeing, especially during public health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Longitudinal study of Canadian correctional workers' wellbeing, organizations, roles and knowledge (CCWORK): Baseline demographics and prevalence of mental health disorders
Authors: Easterbrook Bethany , Ricciardelli Rosemary , Sanger Brahm D. , Mitchell Meghan M. , McKinnon Margaret C. , Carleton R. Nicholas 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundResearchers and practitioners have begun to recognize and empirically examine the mental health challenges facing public safety personnel (PSP). Empirical results from longitudinal data collection among PSP remains extremely scant, particularly for institutional correctional workers. We designed the current study to assess the mental health of Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) correctional officer recruits (CORs) across time to help clarify potential challenges to or protective factors for mental health across correctional officer (CO) careers.MethodsThe current study uses data from the Canadian Correctional Workers' Wellbeing, Organizations, Roles, and Knowledge (CCWORK) study. The study uses a longitudinal design with self-report surveys administered online prior to CORs beginning the CSC Correctional Training Program. Initial baseline survey data were used to assess demographic information and mental health symptoms endorsed at the outset of the training program.ResultsParticipating CORs (n = 265; 40% female; age = 32.8, SD = 9.1) began training between August 2018 and July 2021. Participants were less likely to screen positive for one or more current mental health disorders (i.e., 4.9%) than previously published rates for serving correctional officers (i.e., 54.6%), including reporting lower rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (i.e., 2.4 vs. 29.1%) and major depressive disorder (i.e., 1.9 vs. 31.1%).Conclusion/ImpactPrevalence of positive screens for current mental health disorders in CORs appears lower than for the general population, and significantly lower than for serving correctional officers. The current results suggest an important causal relationship may exist between correctional work and detrimental mental health outcomes. Maintaining the mental health of correctional officers may require institutionally-supported proactive and responsive multimodal activities.
Development and validation study of the suicide screening questionnaire-observer rating (SSQ-OR)
Authors: Choi Young-Hwan , Yook Vidal , Yang Kyojin , Cho Yaehee , Lee Deok Hee , Lee Hwa Jung , Lee Dong Hun , Jeon Hong Jin 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundObserver rating scales are necessary to evaluate the risk of suicide because individuals at risk for suicide are often unwilling to seek help on their own. Reliability and validity were evaluated for the newly developed Suicide Screening Questionnaire-Observer Rating (SSQ-OR).MethodsPreliminary items were assessed by 251 experts online and 25 questions were selected. 328 individuals at high-risk and 661 controls from 12 Crisis Response Centers and 5 university counseling centers were recruited to complete SSQ-OR, Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). In a 6 months follow-up, we reached out to 176 participants to ask whether they had experienced a suicidal thought, plan, or attempt since the baseline assessment. Cronbach's α, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman's correlation, factor analyses, Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to verify the SSQ-OR.ResultsStructural validity was supported by a two-factor solution using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Excellent model fit indices for the two-factor structure using exploratory factor analysis were confirmed (RMSEA = 0.033, TLI = 0.980, CFI = 0.983). The SSQ-OR demonstrated strong internal consistency. The concurrent validity based on the correlations with other self-reported indicators of suicidal potential–BSSI and PHQ-9– revealed substantial relationships. The high-risk group was effectively characterized by a cut-off point of 4, with a sensitivity of 0.73 and a specificity of 0.79. The SSQ-OR scores were significant predictors of suicidal thoughts and behaviors within 6 months.ConclusionsThe SSQ-OR exhibits sound psychometric properties, and could be used as a complement to a self-report or clinical-administered scale to screen suicide risk comprehensively.
Knowledge atlas of the involvement of glutamate and GABA in alcohol use disorder: A bibliometric and scientometric analysis
Authors: Wang Zhanzhang , Zhu Xiuqing , Ni Xiaojia , Wen Yuguan , Shang Dewei 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionAbnormal neurotransmission of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a key characteristic of alcohol-related disorders. To track research output, we conducted a bibliometric analysis to explore the current status and trends in this field over the past decades.MethodsStudies related to neurotransmitters and alcohol use disorder published in English from 2005–2021 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus databases. The R–bibliometrix package was used for a descriptive analysis of the publications. Citespace, WOSviewer, and R–bibliometrix were used to construct networks of countries/institutions/authors based on co-authorship, co-citation analysis of cited references and co-occurrence as well as burst detection of keywords.ResultsA total of 4,250 unique articles and reviews were included in the final analysis. The annual growth rate of publications was 5.4%. The USA was the most productive country in this field, contributing nearly half of the total documents. The top ten most productive institutions were all located in the USA. The most frequent worldwide collaboration was between the USA and Italy. The most productive and influential institution was the University of California. The author contributing the most productions to this field was Marisa Roberto from the Scripps Research Institute. The top co-cited reference was a review titled “Neurocircuitry of addiction.” The top journal in terms of the number of records and citations was Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. Comprehensive analyses have been conducted over past decades based on co-cited reference analysis, including modulators, transporters, receptor subtypes, and animal models. In recent years, the research frontiers have been shifting to the identification of risk factors/biomarkers, drug development for alcohol use disorder, and mechanisms related to alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver.ConclusionOur bibliometric analysis shows that glutamate and GABA continue to be of interest in alcohol use disorder. The focus has evolved from mechanisms and medications related to glutamate and GABA in alcohol use disorder, to novel drug development, risk factor/biomarker identification targeting neurotransmitters, and the mechanisms of related diseases.
Disability and the household context: Findings for the United States from the public Use Microdata Sample of the American Community Survey
Authors: von Reichert Christiane 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionBased on questions about impairments and activity limitations, the American Community Survey shows that roughly 13% of the U.S. population is experiencing disability. As most people live in households with other persons, this study explores disability at the household level. Considering the literature on household decision-making, solidarity, and capabilities in disability, this analysis of the household context of disability takes into account residential settings, household composition, and urban–rural differences.MethodThe 2015–2019 ACS Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS), which shows persons with disability (PwD) and persons without disability (PwoD), also indicates household membership, used here to separately identify PwoD as those living in households with persons with disability (PwoD_HHwD) and those in households without any household member with disability (PwoD_HHwoD). Relationship variables reveal the composition of households with and without disabilities. An adaption of Beale's rural–urban continuum code for counties is used to approximate rural–urban differences with ACS PUMS data.ResultsSolo living is two times as common among persons with disability than among persons without disability, and higher in rural than urban areas. In addition to 43 million PwD, there are another 42 million PwoD_HHwD. Two times as many persons are impacted by disability, either of their own or that of a household member, than shown by an analysis of individual-level disability. For family households, differences in the composition of households with and without disabilities are considerable with much greater complexities in the makeup of families with disability. The presence of multiple generations stands out. Adult sons or daughters without disability play an important role. Modest urban–rural differences exist in the composition of family households with disability, with a greater presence of multigenerational households in large cities.DiscussionThis research reveals the much wider scope of household-level disability than indicated by disability of individuals alone. The greater complexity and multigenerational makeup of households with disability imply intergenerational solidarity, reciprocity, and resource sharing. Household members without disability may add to the capabilities of persons with disabilities. For the sizeable share of PwD living solo, there is concern about their needs being met.
Thin Films Characterization and Study of N749-Black Dye for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , Din Ikram Ud , Zeb Muhammad , Aziz Fakhra , Wahab Fazal , Gul Zahid , Alamgeer  , Sarker Mahidur R. , Ali Sajad , Ali Sawal Hamid Md , Kymissis Ioannis 
Published: August 2022

This paper reports on the fabrication and photovoltaic characteristics of a heterojunction solar cell based on an organic small molecular semiconductor, N-749 black dye (N749-BD). To investigate the photovoltaic characteristics of N749-BD, an ITO/PEDOT:PSS/N749-BD/Ag device is prepared by spin casting a 100 ± 5-nm thin film of N749-BD on the poly(3,4, ethylene dioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) film, which acts as buffer/hole transport layer (HTL) and indium tin oxide (ITO) is employed as a transparent conducting substrate. Under standard testing conditions (STC), i.e., 25 °C, 1.5 AM global and 100 mW/cm2 irradiation, the photovoltaic parameters of the device, such as fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (PCE), are found to be 0.65 and 3.8% ± 0.5%, respectively. Current-voltage (I–V) characteristics of the device are also studied in dark conditions to measure reverse saturation current (I0), series resistance at the interface, rectification ratio (RR), barrier height (ϕb) and ideality factor (n). Optical bandgaps (Eg) of N749-BD thin film are found by applying Tauc’s plot on its ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrum, which are measured to be 1.68, 2.67, 3.52 and 4.16 eV. External quantum efficiency (EQE) measurements of the fabricated device are studied, which demonstrate large value of EQE ≈ 12.89%, with peak intensity at 626 nm. Bond dynamics and compositional analysis of N749-BD is carried out via Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Morphology of the thin film of N749-BD on quartz glass are investigated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with in-situ energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy which exhibits random distribution of N749-BD grains across the surface with nearly uniform grain sizes and shapes. The larger values of FF, PCE and EQE of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/N749-BD/Ag device suggests the potential of N749-BD to be utilized in low cost, simple manufacturing process and high performance of solar cells.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Video Pembelajaran di Youtube dan Aplikasi Edukasi pada Smartphone dalam Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Fahira Annisa 
Published: August 2022

Media pembelajaran dalam fenomena pembelajaran jarak jauh sangat bervariasi sehingga Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh dari penggunaan video pembelajaran di YouTube dan Aplikasi edukasi dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh pada anak usai dini usia 2-7 tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data dalam penelitian adalah kuisioner disebarkan secara daring. Hasil dari penelitian ini menujukan bahwa video pembelajaran di YouTube diperoleh nilai sig sebesar 0,001 dan nilai thitung sebesar 3,552 untuk Aplikasi edukasi diperoleh nilai sig sebesar -0,550 dan nilai thitung sebesar 0,559, Maka disumpulkan terdapat pengaruh dalam penggunaan video Pembelajaran di YouTube terhadap pembelajaran jarak jauh pada anak usia dini dan tidak terdapat pengaruh dalam penggunaan Aplikasi Edukasi