bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triple Burden of Neurocognitive Impairment and Co-occurring Depression and Anxiety Among People Living With HIV in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Tareke Minale , Belete Tilahun , Ergetie Temesgen , Tadesse Meseret , Menberu Melak , Ketemaw Asmamaw 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundNeurocognitive impairment is associated with psychological morbidities, such as depression and anxiety, among people living with HIV. The presence of these comorbidities affects viral load suppression, treatment adherence, quality of life, treatment outcomes, and functionality. Despite this fact, there is a dearth of studies that examined the triple burden of neurocognitive impairment and co-occurring depression and anxiety among antiretroviral therapy attendees in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment and co-occurring depression and anxiety at the same time among people living with HIV/AIDS.MethodWe conducted an institution-based multicenter cross-sectional study in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia. A total of 410 study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Neurocognitive impairment was assessed using the International HIV Dementia Scale. Co-occurring depression and anxiety were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to collect data on sociodemographic and clinical-related characteristics. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsTwo-thirds (66.8%) of the people living with HIV had neurocognitive impairment. The prevalence of co-occurring depression and anxiety was found in 39.8%. Women with HIV, people with comorbid chronic medical illness, and those under a second-line treatment regimen were factors associated with neurocognitive impairment. Furthermore, pill burden, second-line treatment regimen, HIV clinical stages, social support, HIV-perceived stigma, and neurocognitive impairment were associated factors with co-occurring depression and anxiety.ConclusionsWe found a high prevalence of neurocognitive impairment and co-occurring depression and anxiety among people living with HIV/AIDs. Further research is needed to assess the clinical course of neurocognitive impairment and co-occurring depression and anxiety.
Association Between Clinical Competencies and Mental Health Symptoms Among Frontline Medical Staff During the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chang Qing , Su Han , Xia Yang , Gao Shanyan , Zhang Ming , Ma Xiaoyu , Liu Yashu , Zhao Yuhong 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundIn China, mental health of frontline medical staff might be influenced by clinicians' ability to handle the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Few studies to-date have addressed the association between clinicians' competencies and mental health in this context. This cross-sectional study was to examine the prevalence of mental health symptoms among frontline medical staff that fought against the COVID-19 outbreak, and explore the associations between their competencies, and separate and concurrent depressive and anxiety symptoms.MethodsA total of 623 frontline medical staff was included in this study. Competencies, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms were assessed using a self-reported short form of the Chinese clinical physicians' competency model, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire, respectively. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between one SD increase in competency scores and the prevalence of mental health problems.ResultsThe prevalence of depressive, anxiety, and comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms was 40.93, 31.78, and 26.00%, respectively. Among the medical staff with higher total competency scores, the prevalence of depressive [odds ratios (ORs) = 0.67, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.55–0.81], anxiety (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.56–0.83), and comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.55–0.83) was lower than among their lower-scoring counterparts. Subgroup analyses stratified by core competency scores revealed similar associations as the main analyses.ConclusionThe present findings highlight the association between high core competency scores and lower prevalence of depressive, anxiety, and comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms.
“Our Patients Are Different”: Predictors of Seclusion and Restraint in 31 Psychiatric Hospitals
Authors: Flammer Erich , Hirsch Sophie , Thilo Nancy , Steinert Tilman 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundResearch in recent years has demonstrated that the use of coercive measures such as seclusion and restraint differs very much between hospitals within a country. In 2015, a central register for all coercive measures in the German federal state of Baden-Wuerttemberg has been established for 32 hospitals treating involuntary patients. The objective of the present study was to identify factors that determine the differences between these hospitals.MethodsData on coercive measures and diagnoses from the central register in 2015–2017 were linked with structural data of the 32 hospitals and their supply areas.ResultsOn average, coercive measures were applied in 6.7% of cases (SD = 2.8%; Min–Max = 0.35–12.0%). The proportion of affected cases was significantly correlated with the proportion of involuntary patients (r = 0.56), the proportion of cases with affective or neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (r = −0.42), number of hospital beds (r = 0.44), a sheltered home associated with the hospital (r = 0.43) and number of addiction counseling centers per 100,000 inhabitants in the service area (r = −0.39). The final regression model only included the proportion of involuntary cases as a significant predictor (standardized beta = 0.55, adjusted R2 = 0.27).ConclusionsThe predominating part of the considerable variance observed between hospitals could not be explained by structural variables. The proportion of involuntary patients had a significant impact, but a considerable amount of unexplained variance due to different practices within psychiatric hospitals remains.
Efficacy of a Group Psychoeducation Treatment in Binge Eating Disorder: An Open-Label Study
Authors: Liquori Silvia , Faidutti Giovanni , Garzitto Marco , Saetti Luana , Bendotti Monica , Balestrieri Matteo 
Published: April 2022

AimsTo evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary group psychoeducation treatment (GPT) in patients with Binge Eating Disorder (BED).MethodsWe designed an open-label efficacy study that included a population of 45 patients diagnosed with BED. A measure of eating attitudes and associated psychological constructs was obtained through the use of the self-report instruments Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI-3), Binge Eating Scale (BES) and Body Uneasiness Test (BUT). The Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) was also administered to assess general psychopathology. All participants participated in 12 weekly group psychoeducational treatment meetings, 8 of which were conducted by mental health professionals, and a second module of 4 meetings, oriented on health and nutrition education topics, conducted by a dietician.ResultsAt the end of treatment, patients showed significant improvements in body mass index (BMI) and binge eating. Paired t-tests showed significant differences at p-value &lt; 0.05 in all eating disorder risk scales and for most of the general psychological scales related to eating disorders. In addition, patients experienced an improvement in their perception of overall body image, a decrease in concerns about physical appearance and less body image avoidance. Finally, results showed that psychoeducation treatment was associated with significant improvements in interpersonal sensitivity.ConclusionsThe results of this study may indicate that significant short-term improvements can be achieved through a psychoeducation group for BED patients. Although limited by the lack of a control condition, this study adds to a growing body of evidence with promising results, setting the stage for further case-control studies of BED treatment.
A Rare Cause of Small Bowel Obstruction: A Case Report
Authors: Chen Piaopiao , Hu Qiang , Wu Jinfeng , Sun Yuanshui 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionSmall bowel obstruction is a common surgical emergency abdominal condition in clinical practice. Fecalith is one of the rare causative factors, especially phytobezoars.Case ReportWe report the case of a 66-year-old man admitted with “abdominal pain with vomiting for 1 day.” Enhanced CT of the abdomen suggested incomplete small bowel obstruction. The symptomatic treatment with fasting, fluid replacement, gastrointestinal decompression, and antibiotics was conducted after the patient was admitted to the hospital. After 2 days of treatment, the patient's abdominal pain was not significantly relieved, so a decision was made to perform laparoscopic examination surgery. During surgery, a columnar foreign body was found embedded in the lumen of the small intestine about 10 cm away from the ileocecal region. Combined with the patient's preoperative history of consuming a large number of persimmons, the primary diagnosis of small intestinal fecalith obstruction was considered. We performed an enterotomy to remove the foreign body, and the procedure was uneventful. On postoperative day 7, the patient was successfully discharged.ConclusionWhen we encounter a patient with intestinal obstruction without a history of surgery in our clinical work, we should take a careful history, especially about the consumption of foods that can cause phytoliths. When a patient has consumed a large amount of food that can cause phytobezoars before the abdominal pain, we should diagnostically consider it as phytobezoars intestinal obstruction, which helps to reduce the incidence of misdiagnosis and allows the patient to receive treatment timely and effectively.
Predictors of Complications and Unfavorable Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Surgery Treatment in Elderly Patients With Degenerative Lumbar Spine Pathologies (Case Series)
Authors: Klimov Vladimir , Evsyukov Aleksey , Amelina Evgeniya , Ryabykh Sergey , Simonovich Alexander 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe use of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) results in fewer adverse and more improved outcomes. However, the literature data describing the factors increasing the number of complications, reoperation frequency and unscheduled re-hospitalizations in older patients after MIS are contradictory. In this study, a large number of patients was investigated for the complications of minimally invasive surgical treatment of degenerative disease of the lumbar spine in older patients. The objective of the study was to determine the predictors of unfavorable outcomes in such patients.Materials and Methods1,013 patients underwent MIS (decompression alone, TLIF, LLIF, ALIF) in 2013-2017. All operations were performed with the participation of the authors (neurosurgeons). The patient's average age was 66. The following data were collected: BMI; CCI; presence of postoperative complications according to the Dindo-Clavien classification; unplanned readmission at 90 days; hospital length of stay (LOS); surgical complexity (low, intermediate, and high); surgical time; and risk factors. The cumulative reoperation rate was determined at 5-years follow-up.ResultsA total of 256 patients suffered a complication (25.2%), 226 classified as mild (grade I, II, IIIA), and 30 - as severe (IIIB, IVA). Such factors as the surgical complexity, BMI &gt; 30, surgical time, number of operated levels were associated with a significant risk of developing a complication. For patients with and without complications, LOS was 9.3 and 6.3 days, respectively (p &lt; 0.0001), the unplanned readmission rate was 1.3%. 104 patients underwent 133 revision operations. The 5-year cumulative reoperation rate was 15.2%, and the reoperation index was 12.1%. The CCI had no statistically significant effect on the complication incidence after MIS. A higher risk of complications was found in patients who underwent intermediate-complexity surgery (MIS TLIF) compared with uncompounded (decompression alone) and more complex (MIS LLIF, MIS ALIF) surgical procedures (p &lt; 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively).ConclusionA register of postoperative complications is an important tool for health quality assessment and choosing the best surgical option that helps to establish measures to reduce such complications. Using MIS for the treatment of elderly patients reduces the number of severe complications.
The Equine Temporomandibular Joint: Comparisons Between Standard and Needle Arthroscopic Examination of Cadaver Specimens and Standing Horses
Authors: Carmalt James L. , Pimentel Karen L. 
Published: April 2022

Background:Definitive diagnosis of equine temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) may require advanced diagnostic imaging. Arthroscopy is a modern, minimally invasive, diagnostic, and treatment modality. Standing arthroscopic treatment of joint disease is a relatively recent advance in equine surgery, despite which there are few published comparisons between the available arthroscopic systems.ObjectiveTo compare and contrast two arthroscopic systems for assessing the equine temporomandibular joint compartments in cadavers and standing horses.Study designExperimental study.MethodsPhase I involved the assessment of the discotemporal joint (DTJ) and discomandibular (DMJ) joint compartments of both temporomandibular joints (TMJ) of 14 cadaveric equine heads using a caudally placed arthroscopy portal. Joints were initially examined using the needle arthroscope and the results compared to the findings of examination using a 2.5 mm 30° arthroscope system (standard). Three healthy horses were subsequently examined to determine the validity of the procedure in live animals in Phase II.ResultsNeedle and standard arthroscopy, in combination with mandibular manipulation, allowed evaluation of the caudal aspects of both joint compartments of the TMJ in Phase I. However, the extreme margins of the joint were more commonly visualized using standard arthroscopy. Live horses in phase II were restrained in stocks and both the rostral and caudal aspects of the DTJ and DMJ compartments of both TMJs were examined successfully understanding sedation and local analgesia. The use of a modified Guenther speculum allowed the mandible to be manipulated and offset, which facilitated a complete examination of the joint compartments. Despite adverse behavior encountered during the procedure in one horse, no surgical complications ensued.Main LimitationsNot blinded—bias; learning curve.ConclusionsThe needle arthroscope system is a relatively inexpensive diagnostic tool, which can be used to evaluate the TMJ in the absence of advanced diagnostic imaging such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. However, if arthroscopic treatment is required after advanced imaging and pre-operative diagnosis, superior image quality and ease of manipulation may favor the use of the standard equipment.
Culicoides segnis and Culicoides pictipennis Biting Midges (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae), New Reported Vectors of Haemoproteus Parasites
Authors: Žiegytė Rita , Bernotienė Rasa , Palinauskas Vaidas 
Published: April 2022

As bloodsuckers of birds, Culicoides biting midges (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) play an important role in the transmission of avian haemosporidian (Haemoproteus) parasites, which are prevalent in many bird populations and cause disease, pathology, or even mortality in their hosts. Information about the role of the various Culicoides species in the transmission of Haemoproteus parasites remains insufficient. This presents an obstacle for the better understanding of the epizootiology of haemoproteosis. The aim of this study was to determine new Culicoides species involved in the transmission of Haemoproteus parasites in the wild. Biting midges were collected using UV traps on the Curonian Spit, Lithuania. Only parous Culicoides females were investigated: they were identified and were diagnosed for the presence of Haemoproteus parasites using both microscopy and PCR-based methods. We collected and dissected 420 parous Culicoides females. PCR-based screening showed that 28 parous Culicoides biting midges were infected with avian Haemoproteus parasites. Haemoproteid DNA was detected in Culicoides kibunensis, Culicoides pictipennis, Culicoides festivipennis, Culicoides segnis, Culicoides pallidicornis, and Culicoides obsoletus biting midges. The DNA of Haemoproteus palloris, genetic lineage hWW1, was found for the first time in C. pallidicornis. Haemoproteus sporozoites were detected in the salivary glands of two Culicoides segnis biting midges. According to the PCR results, one female contained Haemoproteus tartakovskyi (genetic lineage hHAWF1) DNA and another Haemoproteus majoris (genetic lineage hCCF5) DNA. The sporozoites of Haemoproteus parasites were also detected in the salivary glands of four C. pictipennis biting midges using microscopy, and this finding was confirmed by PCR as Haemoproteus parabelopolskyi DNA (genetic lineage hSYAT02) was detected in three out of the four biting midges. The obtained results supplement existing information about Culicoides biting midges as natural vectors of Haemoproteus spp. and add two new Culicoides species to the vector list, showing the low specificity of these parasites for the invertebrate hosts.
REORIENTING TEACHING DYNAMICS OF CULINARY EDUCATION WITH SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Kaura Anubha , Hussain Sarah , Gavinolla Mahender Reddy , Mohanty Priyakrushna 
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION
There is growing concern among environmental scientists that our food consumption pattern is harming the planet and acting as a catalyst for climate change. With the world already in the Anthropocene epoch, considerable harm is caused to the environmental systems by human activity. Achieving environmentally sustainable food systems is an immediate challenge. Food consumption is massively influenced by food trends and culinary innovations conceptualised by traditional and modern chefs. The greatest chefs in the past have linked food artistry with expensive ingredients and most importantly meat. Traditional culinary education was based on learning the art and science of cooking, but in the last decade, there has been a growing inclination to incorporate sustainable culinary practices, such as optimal usage of ingredients and controlling food wastage. Due to this, there has been an introduction of innovative cooking programmes initiated by culinary schools. Food, climate change and sustainable menus should be driving the next generation of chefs to rethink the way fine-dining is approached. This calls for understanding the various changes that can be brought in to change the face of culinary education, thus making it environmentally friendly.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The current study aims at understanding the need of changing the dynamics of culinary education and thus training a clan of futuristic chefs who advocate and practice environmentally sustainable menus. The study also aims to conceptualise the various interventions required in culinary education in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) by 2030. In this study, the PRISMA technique has been adopted to bring out the themes in the collected literature. The work has been drafted as a viewpoint paper, as the author’s own experience has gone into making the research fit the context.
RESULTS
The study aims to indicate the role of transforming culinary education in achieving sustainable development goals by 2030. The results would identify the gaps by reviewing the extant literature and would suggest a way forward to achieve sustainable commercial kitchens, introducing changes at the grass-root level by transforming culinary education.
CONCLUSIONS
The study would help understand the way commercial kitchens are changing and the role of transforming culinary education as well as the face of commercial kitchens. The study has a futuristic approach and considers the need to train chefs in promoting and cooking sustainable meals.
New circuit solutions of fourth-order notch filters
Authors: Butyrlagin Nikolay , Denisenko Darya , Prokopenko Nikolay , Inanov Yuri 
Published: April 2022

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<p>The circuit design solutions of a new subclass of fourth-order notch filters (NF) are considered, which are implemented on operational amplifiers by sequentially connecting identical second-order links of NF. Equations for their main parameters are given. In the Micro-Cap environment, computer simulation of the amplitude-frequency characteristics was performed, which shows the possibility of independent adjustment of the quality factor of the pole, the frequency of the pole, and the NF transfer coefficient. The proposed circuits differ in the circuitry of the links, as well as in the ways of introducing feedback and options for connecting the input signal source.</p>
CODE-MIXING IN IKA NATASSA’S METROPOP NOVEL ANTOLOGI RASA
Authors: Winarni Retno 
Published: April 2022

This study analyses the use of code-mixing as a communication strategy used in Ika Natassa’s metropop novel Antologi Rasa. Antologi Rasa is a best-selling metropop novel that depicts Indonesian urban lifestyle; it portrays the have and educated adults living in Jakarta. This paper seeks out the answer to the following questions: (1) What types of code-mixing are employed? and (2) What is the communicative function of code-mixing? The researcher collects the data from Chapter 1 of Antologi Rasa. The researcher only lists the dialogues found in Chapter 1 that contain code-mixing. After listing all data that contain code-mixing, the researcher categorizes each of the code-mixing based on the types of code-mixing based on Kachru’s theory (1982) and the communicative function of code-mixing according to Hoffmann’s theory (1991). The result of the research shows that in the first chapter of Antologi Rasa, there are 68 sentences that contain five types of code-mixing, namely Unit Insertion (50%), Unit Hybridization (1.47%), Sentence Insertion (29.41%), Idiom and Collocation Insertion (17.64%), and Reduplication (1.47%). The researcher also finds out the reasons of code-mixing found in Ika Natassa’s Antologi Rasa, namely talking about a particular topic (95.5%) and being emphatic about something (4.4%).
WOMEN’S LANGUAGE FEATURES USED BY SARAH SECHAN IN HER TALK SHOW
Authors: Apridaningrum Maria Catharina Gustia , Angelina Patricia 
Published: April 2022

Every human being needs to communicate to each other. Men and women are different in terms of using a language or languages in their daily conversation. Women’s language proved that women tend to use language differently than men, it is shown in features they use. Sarah Sechan is one of well-known, multitalented, communicative, and creative presenters in Indonesia. It is proved by the words choices in her speech. So, the researcher chose her to be one of the instruments in gathering the data. Therefore, the researcher build a research question as follows : What are the women’s language features used by Sarah Sechan? The researcher used qualitative data methods by employing content analysis to answer the research question. There were 2 research instruments used in this research. They were the researcher as the human research and observation sheet. In this research, the researcher found that nine features were used, there were:. 48 empty adjectives (23.415%), 44 intensifiers (21.463%), 35 features of lexical hedges (17.073%). 18 features of tag question (8.780%), 16 hyper-correct grammar (7.804 %), 15 features of rising intonation (7.317%), 11 Super-polite (5.366%), 9avoidance of strong swear words (4.390%), and 9 features of emphatic stress (4.390%).