bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monetary policy shock and impact asymmetry in bank lending channel: Evidence from the UK housing sector
Authors: Chowdhury Rosen Azad , Jahan Dilshad , Mishra Tapas , Parhi Mamata 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBanks play a defining role in translating monetary policy shocks to pull or push‐effects in the housing market. The literature is ambiguous on the exact role of bank lending channel (BLC) in translating such effects into either moderation or acceleration of dynamics in the housing market. This paper argues that monetary policy shocks, of the same magnitude, can have asymmetric implications for a housing market via a state dependent BLC, particularly during expansion and recessionary phases of the business cycle. We test this hypothesis for the UK housing sector using a long quarterly data (1973Q1‐2015Q4) and employing Markov Switching Vector Auto Regression (MSVAR) models. Our results show that the magnitude of the bank lending channel is contingent upon the state of the economy, with a one standard deviation expansionary monetary policy shock producing a significant effect only in normal economic times. Further study on whether large cuts in policy rates could stimulate mortgage lending and whether there is impact asymmetry to dissimilar expansionary monetary policy shocks during financial crisis, we show that a sharp cut in policy rate indeed stimulates the BLC greater compared to smaller expansionary money policy shocks during recessions.
Prognosis determination of endocervical adenocarcinomas morphologically reclassified as HPV associated or HPV independent
Authors: Carvalho Carla Fabrine , Costa Larissa Bastos Eloy , Sanches Natasha Caroline , Damas Ingrid Iara , Andrade Liliana Aparecida Lucci De Angelo , Vale Diama Bhadra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the prognosis of endocervical adenocarcinomas after reclassification according to the morphologic type based on the 2020 World Health Organization Classification.MethodsA retrospective longitudinal study with cases admitted at the University of Campinas, Brazil, from 2013 to 2020. The sample included 140 cases morphologically reclassified: 100 cases as adenocarcinoma HPV‐associated (HPVA), 17 as HPV‐independent (HPVI), and 23 non‐HPVA/HPVI. Clinic and pathologic variables were evaluated. Analyses were performed by χ2, Fisher exact, and Mann–Whitney U tests, Kaplan–Meier curves, Log‐rank test, and Cox regression.ResultsCompared with the HPVA group, advanced stage (FIGO Stage II+) was more frequent in the HPVI group (P = 0.009), which also showed older patients (P = 0.032), and a higher proportion of deaths (P = 0.006). The median overall survival (OS) differed between groups: 73.3 months in HPVA and 42.4 months in HPVI (P = 0.005). At the multivariate analysis, the risk of death was 6.7 (95% confidence interval 1.9–23.0) times higher in patients diagnosed in advanced stages.ConclusionHPVI cases were more frequent in older patients, presenting at more advanced stages and with worse OS. The morphology‐based approach of the new WHO classification appears to be prognostically valuable and applicable in lower‐ and middle‐income settings.
In situ atomic‐scale observation of size‐dependent (de)potassiation and reversible phase transformation in tetragonal FeSe anodes
Authors: Cai Ran , Bao Lixia , Zhang Wenqi , Xia Weiwei , Sun Chunhao , Dong Weikang , Chang Xiaoxue , Hua Ze , Shao Ruiwen , Fukuda Toshio , Sun Zhefei , Liu Haodong , Zhang Qiaobao , Xu Feng , Dong Lixin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPotassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) are considered promising alternatives to lithium‐ion batteries owing to cost‐effective potassium resources and a suitable redox potential of −2.93 V (vs. −3.04 V for Li+/Li). However, the exploration of appropriate electrode materials with the correct size for reversibly accommodating large K+ ions presents a significant challenge. In addition, the reaction mechanisms and origins of enhanced performance remain elusive. Here, tetragonal FeSe nanoflakes of different sizes are designed to serve as an anode for PIBs, and their live and atomic‐scale potassiation/depotassiation mechanisms are revealed for the first time through in situ high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. We found that FeSe undergoes two distinct structural evolutions, sequentially characterized by intercalation and conversion reactions, and the initial intercalation behavior is size‐dependent. Apparent expansion induced by the intercalation of K+ ions is observed in small‐sized FeSe nanoflakes, whereas unexpected cracks are formed along the direction of ionic diffusion in large‐sized nanoflakes. The significant stress generation and crack extension originating from the combined effect of mechanical and electrochemical interactions are elucidated by geometric phase analysis and finite‐element analysis. Despite the different intercalation behaviors, the formed products of Fe and K2Se after full potassiation can be converted back into the original FeSe phase upon depotassiation. In particular, small‐sized nanoflakes exhibit better cycling performance with well‐maintained structural integrity. This article presents the first successful demonstration of atomic‐scale visualization that can reveal size‐dependent potassiation dynamics. Moreover, it provides valuable guidelines for optimizing the dimensions of electrode materials for advanced PIBs.image
Effective Communication and the Osteoporosis Care Gap
Authors: Ralston Katherine A. P. , Hauser Barbara , Paskins Zoe , Ralston Stuart H. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Many pharmacological treatments are now available to prevent the occurrence of fragility fractures in patients with osteoporosis. Despite this, concerns persist that many individuals who might benefit from osteoporosis treatment do not receive it—the “osteoporosis treatment gap.” The underlying reasons for this gap are diverse and include those who are not identified as being eligible for treatment as well as those who intentionally choose not to take medications because of uncertainty, unanswered questions, or an inability to understand or do what is being asked of them. In this perspective article we highlight the importance of providing information on the causes and consequences of osteoporosis during encounters when treatment is being discussed as well as what osteoporosis treatment can achieve and what it cannot. We also review the importance of communicating the benefits and risks of treatment in absolute terms so that patients can understand what taking treatment will mean for them and discuss the utility of decision aids to assist in these conversations. We suggest it is not the treatment gap that is the problem but the care gap. This language acknowledges the importance of healthcare providers identifying those likely to benefit from treatment and increasing the quality of clinical conversations to promote patient engagement and involvement while respecting that treatment is not suitable or wanted by all. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Circ_0123996 promotes the proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis of mesangial cells by sponging miR‐203a‐3p to upregulate SOX6 in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Qin Yan , Xu Yun , Peng Hua , Cao Meng , Zhao Kelei , Zhu Yunfeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCircular RNA has been reported to participate in human diseases including diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the role and mechanism of circ_0123996 in DN need to be further explored. Relative expression levels of circ_0123996, microRNA (miR)‐203a‐3p, SRY‐box 6 (SOX6), and inflammatory cytokines were determined using quantitative real‐time PCR. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression of SOX6 and fibrosis‐related markers. Cell proliferation was measured using the Cell Counting Kit 8 assay. The interaction between miR‐203a‐3p and circ_0123996 or SOX6 was verified using the dual‐luciferase reporter assay. The circ_0123996 and SOX6 expression were increased and the miR‐203a‐3p expression was decreased in high glucose‐induced mesangial cells. Silenced circ_0123996 could hinder the proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis of mesangial cells. In terms of mechanism, circ_0123996 could sponge miR‐203a‐3p to positively regulate SOX6 expression. Function experiments revealed that miR‐203a‐3p inhibitor could abolish the regulation of circ_0123996 silencing on mesangial cell proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis. In addition, the knockdown of SOX6 could inhibit mesangial cell proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis. Also, SOX6 overexpression could reverse the regulation of circ_0123996 silencing on mesangial cell progression. In summary, our data revealed that circ_0123996 promoted the proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis of mesangial cells via modulating the miR‐203a‐3p/SOX6 axis, suggesting that circ_0123996 might be a target for alleviating DN progression.
Mitochondrial respiratory complexes: Significance in human mitochondrial disorders and cancers
Authors: Vikramdeo Kunwar Somesh , Sudan Sarabjeet Kour , Singh Ajay P. , Singh Seema , Dasgupta Santanu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMitochondria are pivotal organelles that govern cellular energy production through the oxidative phosphorylation system utilizing five respiratory complexes. In addition, mitochondria also contribute to various critical signaling pathways including apoptosis, damage‐associated molecular patterns, calcium homeostasis, lipid, and amino acid biosynthesis. Among these diverse functions, the energy generation program oversee by mitochondria represents an immaculate orchestration and functional coordination between the mitochondria and nuclear encoded molecules. Perturbation in this program through respiratory complexes' alteration results in the manifestation of various mitochondrial disorders and malignancy, which is alarmingly becoming evident in the recent literature. Considering the clinical relevance and importance of this emerging medical problem, this review sheds light on the timing and nature of molecular alterations in various respiratory complexes and their functional consequences observed in various mitochondrial disorders and human cancers. Finally, we discussed how this wealth of information could be exploited and tailored to develop respiratory complex targeted personalized therapeutics and biomarkers for better management of various incurable human mitochondrial disorders and cancers.
The prognostic value of a 4-factor neoimmunologic score system in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yang Fan , Zeng Ziqing , Li Yuan , Zhang Dong , Wei Feng , Zhao Hua , Zhang Peng , Ren Xiubao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe role of distinct immune cell types in modulating cancer progression has recently gained attention. The immune context is indicated by the abundance of immune infiltration based on quantified lymphocytes in the core of tumors (CT) and invasive tumor margin (IM). Novel immune biomarkers could potentially complement tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification for non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), thereby improving prognostic accuracy. This study evaluated the prognostic value of a newly established immunologic score (neo-IS) in patients with NSCLC. We detected 10 immune biomarkers, including CD45RO, CD3, CD8, CD68, CD163, CD66b, FoxP3, PD-1, PD-L1, and TIM-3, in 350 patients with NSCLC from 2 cohorts using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The 3- and 5-year survival and overall survival (OS) rates were evaluated. An immunologic prediction model specifically for NSCLC patients, the neo-immunologic score (neo-ISNSCLC), was constructed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. In the discovery cohort (n = 250), the establishment of neo-ISNSCLC was based on 4 immune biomarkers: CD3+IM, CD8+CT, FoxP3+IM, and PD-1+IM. Significant prognostic differences were found upon comparing low-ISNSCLC patients and high-ISNSCLC patients. The OS rate in the high-ISNSCLC group was significantly longer than that in the low-ISNSCLC group (67.5 months vs. 51.2 months, p &lt; 0.001). The neo-ISNSCLC was validated in the validation cohort (n = 100), and the results were confirmed. Multivariate analyses indicated that neo-ISNSCLC was an independent indicator of prognosis in patients with NSCLC. Finally, we combined neo-ISNSCLC with clinicopathologic factors to establish a tumor-node-metastasis-immune (TNM-I) staging system for clinical use, which showed better prediction accuracy than the TNM stage.
Advancements in Gradient System Performance for Clinical and Research MRI
Authors: Gudino Natalia , Littin Sebastian 
Published: September 2022

In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), spatial field gradients are applied along each axis to encode the location of the nuclear spin in the frequency domain. During recent years, the development of new gradient technologies has been focused on the generation of stronger and faster gradient fields for imaging with higher spatial and temporal resolution. This benefits imaging methods, such as brain diffusion and functional MRI, and enables human imaging at ultra‐high field MRI. In addition to improving gradient performance, new technologies have been presented to minimize peripheral nerve stimulation and gradient‐related acoustic noise, both generated by the rapid switching of strong gradient fields. This review will provide a general background on the gradient system and update on the state‐of‐the‐art gradient technology.Evidence Level5Technical EfficacyStage 1
Rapid structural characterization of human milk oligosaccharides and distinction of their isomers using trapped ion mobility spectrometry time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Rathahao‐Paris Estelle , Delvaux Aurélie , Li Meijie , Guillon Blanche , Venot Eric , Fenaille François , Adel‐Patient Karine , Alves Sandra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOligosaccharides have multiple functions essential for health. Derived from the condensation of two to several monosaccharides, they are structurally diverse with many co‐occurring structural isomer families, which make their characterization difficult. Thanks to its ability to separate small molecules based on their mass, size, shape, and charge, ion mobility‐mass spectrometry (IM‐MS) has emerged as a powerful tool for separating glycan isomers. Here, the potential of such a technique for the rapid characterization of main human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) was investigated. Our study focused on 18 HMO standards. The IM‐MS analysis enabled to distinguish almost all the HMOs studied, in particular thanks to the single ion mobility monitoring acquisition using the trapped ion mobility spectrometry device, providing high ion mobility resolution and enhanced ion mobility separation. Alternatively, the combination of IM‐MS separation with MS/MS experiments has proven to increase performance in identifying HMOs and especially isomers poorly separated by ion mobility alone. Finally, collision cross‐section values are provided for each species generated from the 18 HMOs standards, which can serve as an additional identifier to characterize HMOs.
The fast‐changing climate reality of Arequipa, Peru
Authors: Moraes André Geraldo de Lima , Watkins Alec Hale , Brecheisen Zachary , Bowling Laura Christine , Pinto Cáceres José P. , Novoa Hector Mayol , Cherkauer Keith Aric 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDespite the availability of global and continental climate datasets and climate change information, locally relevant quantification of historic trends in climate variables is still lacking in developing countries, especially at local scales. This is particularly true in the Department of Arequipa, Peru. An arid region with a booming population, substantial mining activities, and large irrigated agriculture, which is highly susceptible to climate change. This study aims to evaluate climate trends from 1988 to 2017 in the Arequipa Department and provide information that can facilitate stakeholders' adaptation to the rapid‐changing climate. The daily precipitation (Prec), and maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) daily air temperature data used in this study came from the Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú (SENAMHI) and the National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Global Summary of the Day (GSOD). Data passed through a quality checking process for removal of implausible data, data gap filling, and inhomogeneity detection. The Mann–Kendall test, at a significance level of 0.10, was used to determine trends and the Theil–Sen slope (Sen's slope) was used to estimate the magnitude of the change. Sen's slope was also calculated spatially, using the gridded Arequipa Climate Maps (ACM) dataset. Results indicate that precipitation seasonality has been increasing, as the observed increase in annual precipitation is happening mostly in the rainy season (December–March) and the start and end of the rainy season are delayed. Positive temperature trends were dominant in the whole region. Tmin is increasing more than Tmax, especially at higher altitudes. Exceptions to increasing temperatures were found in areas influenced by irrigation projects that underwent great expansion. The effect of increasing temperature on glaciers was evaluated by mapping the change in the area with average annual temperature below 0°C between the decades of 1988–1997 and 2008–2017, which reduced by 73.2%, with small areas disappearing and larger contiguous areas shrinking.
Thermostable ficin from jelly fig (Ficus pumila var. awkeotsang) latex: purification, identification and characterization
Authors: Srisai Parawee , Lin Hua‐Chian , Liu Chih‐Chen , Zeng Feng‐Jin , Yang Yuan‐Chang , Chou Wing‐Ming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe achenes/seeds of endemic jelly fig (Ficus pumila var. awkeotsang) fruit have been applied to prepare a traditional beverage in Taiwan. Upon fruit harvest, jelly fig latex exuded from stalks was discarded. Protease activity was monitored in its latex. Proteases capable of hydrolyzing proteins have many application aspects based on diverse characteristics. Commercial plant proteases are frequently from latex.RESULTSThe latex protease of jelly fig, termed FaFicin, was purified to homogeneity with a molecular mass of ~32 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. According to liquid chromatographic–tandem mass spectrometric analyses, the expected protein band of protease was matched to ficin A, ficin B or chymopapain from common fig or papaya. Iodoacetamide, an inhibitor of cysteine protease, inhibited its protease activity completely. Hence FaFicin was identified as a papain‐like cysteine protease (PLCP), exhibiting more than 80% and 70% activity as assayed at pH 5–8 and 40–70 °C, respectively. It maintained ~89% of initial activity after 120 min at 55 °C and pH 7. Moreover, FaFicin could degrade the myosin and actin of meat, and clot milk.CONCLUSIONThe ficin FaFicin was obtained, purified and identified as a PLCP member from agricultural waste: jelly fig latex. It possessed activity under a wide range of pH values and temperature, and exhibited excellent thermostability. Based on its initial evaluation as a meat tenderizer and milk clotting reagent, the application of FaFicin was possible, which may extend utilization of jelly fig. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Possibility to use the different sizes and colors of carrots for the production of juices – comparison of bioactive compounds, nutritional quality, pro‐health properties, and sensory evaluation
Authors: Yusuf Emel Hasan , Wojdyło Aneta , Nowicka Paulina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundCarrot is a popular vegetable consumed by people of all age groups and is used in various food products because of its high nutritional content, especially vitamin A.ResultsIn the present study, colorful fresh carrot juices of 12 carrot varieties were investigated for in vitro antidiabetic, anti‐aging, and anti‐obesity activities with antioxidant potential by ABTS (2,2'‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) and FRAP (ferric reducing ability of plasma) assays. The studied juices were also compared for physicochemical characteristics: titratable acidity, pH, pectin content, total soluble solids, dry mass, ash, viscosity, turbidity, osmolality, and color. The results of the study showed that normal purple carrot juice exhibited the best activities in all biological and antioxidant tests, except for anti‐α‐glucosidase activity. Normal purple carrot juice also had the highest total mineral content with elevated results for titratable acidity, pH, total soluble solids, dry mass, ash, viscosity, and osmolality.ConclusionPurple carrot juices demonstrated elevated health‐promoting activities and could be used in blended beverage recipes to attract children's attention. The results of sensorial characteristics (appearance, color, and taste) of juices, however, showed that people are more familiar with orange carrot products. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Recycling of dissolved iron in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
Authors: Hawco Nicholas J. , Yang Shun‐Chung , Pinedo‐González Paulina , Black Erin E. , Kenyon Jennifer , Ferrón Sara , Bian Xiaopeng , John Seth G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe importance of iron as a limiting nutrient in the open ocean is widely recognized, but there is substantial uncertainty about the rate that it cycles in the marine environment. Here, we combine measurements from the water column, sediment traps, and incubations to constrain Fe turnover during summer at Station ALOHA in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Using low levels of 57Fe–58Fe double spike, measured with high precision by multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, we find Fe uptake rates of 30–60 pM d−1 throughout the euphotic zone. Dissolved Fe turnover times are estimated at 10–15 d in the mixed layer and 1–3 d near the deep chlorophyll maximum. Aerosol Fe supply inferred from a thorium isotope mass balance indicates that the dissolved Fe residence time is approximately 6 months in the upper euphotic zone (0–75 m), relative to external sources, and 2 months in the lower euphotic zone (75–150 m). To reconcile these observations, the average Fe atom must be recycled over 25 times at Station ALOHA in both the upper and lower euphotic zones (an “Fe ratio” equal to 0.04 and 0.03, respectively), a level of conservation that has only been documented in Fe‐limited regions thus far. At steady state, this scenario requires an aerosol Fe solubility of 4.5%, which is similar to dissolution experiments from Pacific Ocean aerosols. Our results suggest that the oligotrophic ocean is capable of recycling iron efficiently even when these ecosystems are not demonstrably iron‐limited.