bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns in Geographic Distribution of Substance Use Disorder Treatment Facilities in the US and Accepted Forms of Payment From 2010 to 2021
Authors: Cantor Jonathan H. , DeYoreo Maria , Hanson Russell , Kofner Aaron , Kravitz David , Salas Adrian , Stein Bradley D. , Kapinos Kandice A. 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceThe drug overdose crisis is a continuing public health problem and is expected to grow substantially in older adults. Understanding the geographic accessibility to a substance use disorder (SUD) treatment facility that accepts Medicare can inform efforts to address this crisis in older adults.ObjectiveTo assess whether geographic accessibility of services was limited for older adults despite the increasing need for SUD and opioid use disorder treatments in this population.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis longitudinal cross-sectional study obtained data on all licensed SUD treatment facilities for all US counties and Census tracts listed in the National Directory of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Treatment Programs from 2010 to 2021.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMeasures included the national proportion of treatment facilities accepting Medicare, Medicaid, private insurance, or cash as a form of payment; the proportion of counties with a treatment facility accepting each form of payment; and the proportion of the national population with Medicare, Medicaid, private insurance, or cash payment residing within a 15-, 30-, or 60-minute driving time from an SUD treatment facility accepting their form of payment in 2021.ResultsA total of 11 709 SUD treatment facilities operated across the US per year between 2010 and 2021 (140 507 facility-year observations). Cash was the most commonly accepted form of payment (increasing slightly from 91.0% in 2010 to 91.6% by 2021), followed by private insurance (increasing from 63.5% to 75.3%), Medicaid (increasing from 54.0% to 71.8%), and Medicare (increasing from 32.1% to 41.9%). The proportion of counties with a treatment facility that accepted Medicare as a form of payment also increased over the same study period from 41.2% to 53.8%, whereas the proportion of counties with a facility that accepted Medicaid as a form of payment increased from 53.5% to 67.1%. The proportion of Medicare beneficiaries with a treatment facility that accepted Medicare as a form of payment within a 15-minute driving time increased from 53.3% to 57.0%. The proportion of individuals with a treatment facility within a 15-minute driving time that accepted their respective form of payment was 73.2% for those with Medicaid, 69.8% for those with private insurance, and 71.4% for those with cash payment in 2021.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this study suggest that Medicare beneficiaries have less geographic accessibility to SUD treatment facilities given that acceptance of Medicare is low compared with other forms of payment. Policy makers need to consider increasing reimbursement rates and using additional incentives to encourage the acceptance of Medicare.
Facile Pathways to Synthesize Perovskite Strontium Cobalt Oxides
Authors: Lu Sicheng , Yin Fang , Wang Yujia , Lu Nianpeng , Gao Lei , Peng Huining , Lyu Yingjie , Long Youwen , Li Jia , Yu Pu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTopotactic phase transition obtains extensive research attention due to its associated rich physics as well as a promising potential application. Particularly, the oxygen incorporation into brownmillerite oxides leads to the structural transition into perovskite oxides with distinct magnetic and electronic properties. Using brownmillerite SrCoO2.5 (BM‐SCO), two novel pathways are revealed to achieve the topotactic phase transition into its corresponding perovskite SrCoO3 (P‐SCO). It is demonstrated that by using aqueous alkali as the electrolyte during gating, the negative biased voltage triggers a rapid transition into P‐SCO, which is attributed to the presence of strong oxidizing hydroxyl radicals. While surprisingly, it is observed that the acid solution with rich protons can also trigger an unexpected phase transition from BM‐SCO into P‐SCO in a much faster manner. With density functional theory calculations, this transition is elucidated as a proton‐assist ionic disproportionation, in which the Co ions are simultaneously oxidized and reduced, while the latter one is dissolved within the solution. These case studies not only achieve a deep understanding of the structural phase transition in BM‐SCO but also shed new light on the topotactic phase transition of complex oxides.
Advances in Versatile GeTe Thermoelectrics from Materials to Devices
Authors: Hong Min , Li Meng , Wang Yuan , Shi Xiao‐Lei , Chen Zhi‐Gang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDriven by the intensive efforts in the development of high‐performance GeTe thermoelectrics for mass‐market application in power generation and refrigeration, GeTe‐based materials display a high figure of merit of >2.0 and an energy conversion efficiency beyond 10%. However, a comprehensive review on GeTe, from fundamentals to devices, is still needed. In this regard, the latest progress on the state‐of‐the‐art GeTe is timely reviewed. The phase transition, intrinsic high carrier concentration, and multiple band edges of GeTe are fundamentally analyzed from the perspectives of the native atomic orbital, chemical bonding, and lattice defects. Then, the fabrication methods are summarized with a focus on large‐scale production. Afterward, the strategies for enhancing electronic transports of GeTe by energy filtering effect, resonance doping, band convergence, and Rashba band splitting, and the methods for strengthening phonon scatterings via nanoprecipitates, planar vacancies, and superlattices, are comprehensively reviewed. Besides, the device assembly and performance are highlighted. In the end, future research directions are concluded and proposed, which enlighten the development of broader thermoelectric materials.
Bionic Engineered Protein Coating Boosting Anti‐Biofouling in Complex Biological Fluids
Authors: Zhao Ziqian , Pan Mingfei , Qiao Chenyu , Xiang Li , Liu Xiong , Yang Wenshuai , Chen Xing‐Zhen , Zeng Hongbo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractImplantable medical devices have been widely applied in diagnostics, therapeutics, organ restoration, and other biomedical areas, but often suffer from dysfunction and infections due to irreversible biofouling. Inspired by the self‐defensive “vine‐thorn” structure of climbing thorny plants, a zwitterion‐conjugated protein is engineered via grafting sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) segments on native bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein molecules for surface coating and antifouling applications in complex biological fluids. Unlike traditional synthetic polymers of which the coating operation requires arduous surface pretreatments, the engineered protein BSA@PSBMA (PolySBMA conjugated BSA) can achieve facile and surface‐independent coating on various substrates through a simple dipping/spraying method. Interfacial molecular force measurements and adsorption tests demonstrate that the substrate‐foulant attraction is significantly suppressed due to strong interfacial hydration and steric repulsion of the bionic structure of BSA@PSBMA, enabling coating surfaces to exhibit superior resistance to biofouling for a broad spectrum of species including proteins, metabolites, cells, and biofluids under various biological conditions. This work provides an innovative paradigm of using native proteins to generate engineered proteins with extraordinary antifouling capability and desired surface properties for bioengineering applications.
Improved High‐Temperature Material Stability and Mechanical Properties While Maintaining a High Figure of Merit in Nanostructured p‐Type PbTe‐Based Thermoelectric Elements
Authors: Sauerschnig Philipp , Jood Priyanka , Ohta Michihiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMaterial stability and mechanical properties of nanostructured p‐type Pb0.993−xNaxGe0.007Te (x = 0.02, 0.04) are improved by tuning dopant Na content, while maintaining a high thermoelectric figure of merit zT. Na‐rich impurity phases detrimental to the material stability, present in heavily Na‐doped p‐type PbTe, are absent after reducing the Na doping from 4% to 2%. The flexural strength of 2% Na‐doped p‐type PbTe measured at 773 K is significantly improved compared to that of the 4% Na‐doped p‐type PbTe, but lower than that of n‐type Pb0.98Ga0.02Te measured in comparison. Excellent thermoelectric performance is maintained for nanostructured Pb0.973Na0.02Ge0.007Te (zT ≈ 2.2 at 810 K). For n‐type Pb0.98Ga0.02Te, zT ≈ 1.3 at 760 K is confirmed. Single‐leg elements of Pb0.973Na0.02Ge0.007Te and Pb0.98Ga0.02Te with Co80Fe20 contact layers display maximum conversion efficiency ηmax ≈ 8.4% and ηmax ≈ 8.2% for temperature difference ΔT ≈ 470 K, respectively. After 240 h operation with ΔT ≈ 470 K, ηmax decreases by ≈33% for the p‐type and ≈13% for the n‐type legs. Lower ηmax compared to the estimation from the material properties and degradation during operation are attributed to crack formation due to thermal expansion mismatch between PbTe and Co80Fe20 and sublimation from the hot side.
An Analytical Model for Sb2Se3 Thin‐Film Solar Cells by Considering Current‐Voltage Distortion
Authors: Gharibshahian Iman , Orouji Ali Asghar , Sharbati Samaneh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAntimony selenide (Sb2Se3) solar cells often demonstrate current–voltage (J–V) distortion at low temperature, particularly at reverse bias or under red‐light irradiation. A highly doped p‐type (HDP) thin layer between the buffer and absorber layers is typically supposed to induce the J–V distortion. In this work, an analytical model for the experimental Sb2Se3 solar cell has been presented to investigate the effect of the HDP layer characteristics on the J–V distortion. This proposed model can also calculate the critical voltage at which the J–V distortion occurs. The results show that the Sb2Se3 solar cells with the HDP layer have low efficiency when doping concentration and thickness of the HDP layer increase due to a large J–V distortion. This study confirms that the presence of an electron barrier in the conduction band formed by the HDP layer can cause J–V distortion. Hence, the effect of electron barrier height on cell performance based on the derived formulas is investigated. Finally, comparing the simulation and modeling results with variations of the physical and electrical properties of the HDP layer provides a good evaluation for understanding the behavior of Sb2Se3 solar cells.
Effects of soil amendments on hairy vetch no‐till interseeded into a hayfield
Authors: Warren Nicholas D. , Cox Dorn A. , Smith Richard G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIncreasing the abundance of legumes in mixed pasture and hayfield stands can improve forage nutritional quality and nutrient cycling; however, establishing legumes can be difficult, especially without tillage or chemical suppression of existing vegetation. Soil amendments that reduce the competitiveness of the existing plant community or improve the vigor of interseeded legumes could reduce the need for more intensive management practices at the time of interseeding. We compared a range of commercially available soil amendments for their effects on the no‐till establishment of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) interseeded into an existing sod. Amendment treatments were applied in September and included wood ash, biochar, lime, and K applied at different rates, and unamended tilled and untilled treatments as controls. Hairy vetch was no‐till interseeded immediately after treatment application and biomass was measured the subsequent June. Results were consistent across the two site‐years and indicated that an intermediate rate of wood ash (8967 kg ha−1) increased hairy vetch biomass in the spring by 8.5 and 12.4 times compared to the tilled and unamended controls, respectively. We used nonparametric multiplicative regression (NPMR) to explore the relationship between soil physical and chemical properties and hairy vetch biomass across a range of wood ash application rates. We found that soil K alone explained 42% of the variability in hairy vetch biomass. This research suggests that wood ash soil amendments may improve the chances of successfully interseeding legumes into perennial forage crops without the use of herbicide or tillage to suppress the existing plant community.
Hundreds of Colobus (Cercopithecidae: Primates) fossils from the later Pleistocene of Ethiopia's Middle Awash study area
Authors: Brasil Marianne F. , Monson Tesla A. , Taylor Catherine E. , Yohler Ryan M. , Hlusko Leslea J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study is to introduce and systematically assess a new assemblage of colobine fossils (n = 360) recovered from Late Pleistocene (ca. 100,000 years ago) sediments in the Middle Awash research area, Afar Rift, Ethiopia.Materials and MethodsWe describe the colobine fossils relative to extant colobine taxa and Middle Pleistocene fossil samples from “Andalee” and Asbole, Ethiopia using linear dental, cranial, and postcranial metrics, as well as qualitative features. We also document the ontogenetic and sex profiles of this sample.ResultsBased on morphological affinities to extant and fossil Colobus, we refer these 360 individuals to Colobus cf. guereza. The majority of the individuals (76%) fall into young‐ and middle‐adult age categories. Females are slightly better represented than males, although the majority of individuals (84%) could not be assigned to sex.DiscussionDetails of the last half million years of Colobus morphological evolution have remained obscured by a sparse fossil record. The newly recovered, prepared, and curated fossils described herein add significantly to the record of this group. Several morphologies seen in these new fossils fall between the Asbole Colobus sample and extant Colobus guereza, suggesting an ancestral‐descendant phyletic relationship among the three time‐successive samples. The populational variation documented among these samples indicates that the distinctive pattern of sexual dimorphism observed in C. guereza had evolved by 100 ka.
Molecular dynamics simulation of crosslinking process and mechanical properties of epoxy under the accelerator
Authors: Chen Fengjun , Liu Fan , Du Xiaogang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo simulate the crosslinking process of epoxy resin under the accelerator action, the crosslinking system of bisphenol‐A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) as a monomer, methyl tetrahydro‐phthalic anhydride (MTHPA) as a thermal curing agent and 2,4,6‐tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol (DMP‐30) as a thermal curing accelerator has been studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. An algorithm that can construct the high‐crosslinked system with different crosslinking density is completed based on the Perl language, and the subsequent properties are simulated. The results of molecular dynamics simulation show that modulus have an increasing trend, and glass transition temperature (Tg) raises from 325 K to 480 K when crosslinking density is from 0% to 95.5%. Conversely, cohesive energy density lessens from 620 J/cm3 to 170 J/cm3, solubility and Poisson's ratio decrease, and the tensile strength firstly increases and then diminishes. The friction coefficient decreases firstly and then increases, meanwhile, the temperature suddenly adds by 20 K and the relative concentration distribution (RCD) grows by 1.58 times at the contact surface. This study predicts for the crosslinking process and micro mechanical properties in the DGEBA/MTHPA/DMP‐30 system.
COVID‐19 in the Pacific territories: Isolation, borders and the complexities of governance
Authors: Connell John 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEarly experience of COVID‐19 in seven Pacific politically dependent territories (Guam, American Samoa, Pitcairn, Tokelau, French Polynesia, Wallis and Futuna, and New Caledonia) emphasises a diversity of contexts, responses, outcomes and possible futures. The consequences of COVID‐19, whether present or absent, included deaths, social isolation, impossibility of medical referrals, economic decline, breakdown of supply chains, and some return migration to rural livelihoods. Outcomes were complicated by differences between local and metropolitan interests, objectives, policies and practices, that reflected historical experience; and by geography, budgets, the significance of tourism, the role of a military presence, ethnicity and demography. Indigenous groups were more likely to be affected and disadvantaged. Management of the pandemic provided an intermittent focus for dissent from pro‐independence groups. Borders acquired unprecedented significance as barriers and frontiers. The experience of COVID‐19 enabled some focus on the possibility of establishing a future ‘new normal’, but immediate revivals and restoration took precedence.
Juvenile toxicity study of PF‐07256472/recifercept, a recombinant human soluble fibroblast growth factor receptor 3, in 2–3‐month‐old cynomolgus monkeys
Authors: Campion Sarah N. , Bowman Christopher J. , Fuchs Antje , Karanian David , Rana Payal , Cappon Gregg D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAchondroplasia is an autosomal disorder caused by point mutation in the gene encoding fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and resulting in gain of function. Recifercept is a potential disease modifying treatment for achondroplasia and functions as a decoy protein that competes for ligands of the mutated FGFR3. Recifercept is intended to restore normal bone growth by preventing the mutated FGFR3 from negative inhibitory signaling in pediatric patients with achondroplasia. Here we evaluated the potential effects of twice weekly administration of recifercept to juvenile cynomolgus monkeys (approximately 3‐months of age at the initiation of dosing) for 6‐months. No adverse effects were noted in this study, identifying the high dose as the no‐observed‐adverse‐effect‐level and supporting the use of recifercept in pediatric patients from birth. Considering that juvenile toxicity studies in nonhuman primates are not frequently conducted, and when they are conducted they typically utilize animals ≥9 months of age, this study demonstrates the feasibility of executing a juvenile toxicity study in very young monkeys prior to weaning.
The 8q24 region hosts miRNAs altered in biospecimens of colorectal and bladder cancer patients
Authors: Gagliardi Amedeo , Francescato Giulia , Ferrero Giulio , Birolo Giovanni , Tarallo Sonia , Francavilla Antonio , Piaggeschi Giulia , Di Battista Carla , Gallo Gaetano , Realis Luc Alberto , Sacerdote Carlotta , Matullo Giuseppe , Vineis Paolo , Naccarati Alessio , Pardini Barbara 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe 8q24 locus is enriched in cancer‐associated polymorphisms and, despite containing relatively few protein‐coding genes, it hosts the MYC oncogene and other genetic elements connected to tumorigenesis, including microRNAs (miRNAs). Research on miRNAs may provide insights into the transcriptomic regulation of this multiple cancer‐associated region.Material and methodsWe profiled all miRNAs located in the 8q24 region in 120 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 80 controls. miRNA profiling was performed on cancer/non‐malignant adjacent mucosa, stool, and plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs), and the results validated with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. To verify if the 8q24‐annotated miRNAs altered in CRC were dysregulated in other cancers and biofluids, we evaluated their levels in bladder cancer (BC) cases from the TCGA dataset and in urine and plasma EVs from a set of BC cases and healthy controls.ResultsAmong the detected mature miRNAs in the region, 12 were altered between CRC and adjacent mucosa (adj. p < 0.05). Five and four miRNAs were confirmed as dysregulated in the CRC and BC TCGA dataset, respectively. A co‐expression analysis of tumor/adjacent tissue data from the CRC group revealed a correlation between the dysregulated miRNAs and CRC‐related genes (PVT1 and MYC) annotated in 8q24 region. miR‐30d‐5p and miR‐151a‐3p, altered in CRC tissue, were also dysregulated in stool of CRC patients and urine of BC cases, respectively. Functional enrichment of dysregulated miRNA target genes highlighted terms related to TP53‐mediated cell cycle control.ConclusionsAltered expression of 8q24‐annotated miRNAs may be relevant for the initiation and/or progression of cancer.
Bis(amidophenolato)phosphonium: Si−H Hydride Abstraction and Phosphorus‐Ligand Cooperative Activation of C−C Multiple Bonds
Authors: Roth Daniel , Thorwart Thaddäus , Douglas Clara , Greb Lutz 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe first bis(amidophenolato)phosphonium salts are prepared and fully characterized. The perfluorinated derivative represents the strongest monocationic phosphorus Lewis acid on the fluoride and hydride ion affinity scale isolable to date. This affinity enables new reactions, such as hydride abstraction from Et3SiH, the first phosphaalkoxylation of an alkyne or a phosphorus catalyzed intramolecular hydroarylation. All properties and reactions are scrutinized by theory and experiment. Substantial σ‐ and π‐acidity provides the required affinity for substrate activation, while phosphorus‐ligand cooperativity substantially enriches the reactivity portfolio of phosphonium ions.
Two‐Factor Fluorogenicity of Tetrazine‐Modified Cyanine‐Styryl Dyes for Bioorthogonal Labelling of DNA
Authors: Geng Philipp , List Eileen , Rönicke Franziska , Wagenknecht Hans‐Achim 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTwo green fluorescent tetrazine‐modified cyanine‐styryl dyes were synthesized for bioorthogonal labelling of DNA by means of the Diels‐Alder reaction with inverse electron demand. With DNA as target biopolymer the fluorescence of these dyes is released by two factors: (i) sterically by their interaction with DNA, and (ii) structurally via the conjugated tetrazine as quencher moiety. As a result, the reaction with bicyclononyne‐modified DNA is significantly accelerated up to ≥284,000 M−1 s−1, and the fluorescence turn‐on is enhanced up to 560 by the two‐factor fluorogenicity. These dyes are cell permeable even in low concentrations and undergo fluorogenic reactions with BCN‐modified DNA in living HeLa cells. The two‐factor fluorescence release improves the signal‐to‐noise ratio such that washing procedures prior to cell imaging are not needed, which is a great advantage for live cell imaging of DNA and RNA in the future.
Sustainable Production of Molybdenum Carbide (MXene) from Fruit Wastes for Improved Solar Evaporation
Authors: Aizudin Marliyana , Krishna Sudha Murali , Goei Ronn , Kuang Lua Shun , Poolamuri Pottammel Rafeeque , Iing Yoong Tok Alfred , Huixiang Ang Edison 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFreshwater production using solar‐driven interfacial evaporation is regarded as a green and sustainable strategy. The biggest barrier to practical deployment of solar desalination, however, continues to be the lack of options for renewable materials. Herein, we present a facile two‐step carbonization approach that is sustainable for developing innovative two‐dimensional (2D) molybdenum carbide (Mo2C) materials derived from carbonized fruit wastes. The resultant 2D Mo2C photothermal layer has an efficient water evaporation rate of 1.52 kg m−2 h−1 with a photothermal conversion efficiency of 94 % under one sun irradiation, which is among the best reported values so far. The broad solar absorption band, high specific surface area (555.1 m2 g−1) with large micro‐ and meso porosity, of the Mo2C photothermal layer are responsible for these outstanding results. The conversion of food wastes into valuable products, in this case MXene, can potentially inspire greener developments of advanced materials for solar water evaporator.