bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The model of work organization on the example of COVID-19 Unit according to protocol BPMN 2.0
Authors: Stańczyk Adam , Rosiak Oskar , Lipiński Cezary , Józefowicz - Korczyńska Magdalena 
Published: July 2022

WprowadzenieOgłoszenie ogólnoświatowej pandemii COVID-19 postawiło współczesne systemy ochrony zdrowia w zupełnie nowej sytuacji, niespotykanej w ostatnim stuleciu. Wymagało to adaptacji systemów opieki zdrowotnej i wypracowania nowych rozwiązań na szeroką skalę. Masowe występowanie zakażeń przebiegających z niewydolnością oddechową wiązało się z koniecznością utworzenia oddziałów tymczasowych i szpitali polowych w miejscach, które często nie były przygotowane do tego typu działalności leczniczej. Opracowanie schematów postępowania zgodnego z procedurami biznesowymi (protokół BPNM 2.0), z jasnym określeniem zakresu odpowiedzialności, zdaje się stanowić w takich sytuacjach gwarancję zachowania optymalnego poziomu bezpieczeństwa dla wszystkich uczestników procesu diagnostyczno-terapeutycznego.Cel pracyOpracowanie modelu funkcjonowania Szpitalnego Oddziału Ratunkowego oraz Oddziału Leczenia COVID-19 zgodnie z protokołem procesów biznesowych BPMN 2.0 oraz zweryfikowanie w oparciu o system i strukturę funkcjonującą w Uniwersyteckim Szpitalu Klinicznym nr 1 w Łodzi.Materiał i metodyW pracy wykorzystano elementy notacji BPNM2.0 z wykorzystaniem platformy Adonis CE wersja 11.0. Następnie, stworzone modele zweryfikowano w oparciu o istniejącą infrastrukturę architektoniczno-administracyjną istniejącą w USK nr 1 w Łodzi.WynikiAutorzy stworzyli wzorcowy protokół notacji procesu postępowania z pacjentem w Szpitalnym Oddziale Ratunkowym/Izbie Przyjęć oraz Oddziale Leczenia COVID-19, a następnie zweryfikowali model w oparciu o doświadczenia własne, zebrane podczas tworzenia i prowadzenia tymczasowego Oddziału Leczenia COVID-19 z Obszarem
Izolacyjnym.WnioskiOpracowanie algorytmów postępowania w obszarze medycyny zgodnie z procedurami biznesowymi w oparciu o protokół BPNM 2.0 stanowi podstawę do płynnego działania personelu medycznego z wyznaczeniem zakresu obowiązków i odpowiedzialności. Zastosowanie ujednoliconych procedur pracy z pacjentem – podejrzanym lub z potwierdzonym zakażeniem SARS-CoV-2 – w obszarze SOR i Oddziału Leczenia COVID-19 podczas przekraczania poszczególnych stref ryzyka zakażeniem SARS-CoV-2 pozwala na zachowanie należytych standardów epidemiologicznych.
Gender related differences in active renin, aldosterone and big endothelin concentration during head-up tilt testing in patients with isolated vasovagal syncope
Authors: Stańczyk Adam , Krzesiński Paweł , Piotrowicz Katarzyna 
Published: July 2022

Introduction and objectiveNeuroendocrine dysregulation seems to play the main role in liberation of abnormal vasovagal reflex, and the pathomechanism can be gender-related. The aim of the study was to assess changes in concentration of active renin (R), aldosterone (A) and big endothelin (BE) at rest and tilting in patients with vasovagal syncope in reference to gender and result of the head-up tilt test (HUTT).Material and methodsStudy involved 133 patients with syncope. In all HUTT were performed. Concentrations of the analyzed hormones were measured at the last minute of the rest, at the 10th minute of tilting and at the end of the test. An aldosterone/renin ratio (A/R) was calculated for each of the phases.ResultsHUTT(+) was observed in 87subjects (65%). During tilting a gradual increase of R and A was observed. The highest A/R was present in women HUTT(-) (p=0.040), contrary to non-fainting men in which decrease of A/R was accompanied with the highest absolute values at the end of the test (>18.6 pg/ml and A/R ratio at the end of the test <2.53 revealed to be independent predictors of syncope during tilt. The increase of R concentration during tilting <1.26 fold and the lack of increase of A predicted syncope during passive phase. In men,
A concentration at the end of the test <44.0 pg/ml and the increase of A during tilting less than 2.10 fold, independently predicted positive result. None of analyzed parameters was pointed as an independent factor of syncope during passive phase. In women, R concentration at 10th minute of tilting >18.6 pg/ml and A/R ratio at the end of the test <2.53 revealed to be independent predictors of syncope during tilt. The increase of R concentration during tilting <1.26 fold and the lack of increase of A predicted syncope during passive phase. In men, A concentration at the end of the test <44.0 pg/ml and the increase of A during tilting less than 2.10 fold, independently predicted positive result. None of analyzed parameters was pointed as an independent factor of syncope during passive phase.ConclusionsThe activity of the vasoactive hormones is different in women and men and can determine
the result of the test and the tolerance to passive tilting.
Are fifth-grade students in elementary school during the COVID-19 pandemic in need of a jumping task-based worksheet to aid in the development of their knowledge? A needs analysis explained
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat , Pramudiyanti Pramudiyanti , Handoko Handoko 
Published: July 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced the education process to be conducted online to avoid face-to-face education patterns. During the pandemic, however, many schools are still failing and experiencing the ineffectiveness of online learning systems. The urgency is that if this condition is not addressed and continues, students may experience a loss of learning, resulting in a lack of enthusiasm to learn at school and, as a result, a decline in cognitive testing results. During the pandemic, learning at the SD Karya Penggawa area, Pesisir Barat Lampung, was less effective, resulting in low student cognitive assessment outcomes. The goal of this study was to assess the need for LKPD development using HOTS-based LKPD Jumping Tasks (High Order Thinking Skills). The method used was a qualitative descriptive research method by conducting a needs analysis. Research data were obtained from interviews and questionnaires. Needs analysis questionnaires were given to teachers and grade 5 students in the Elementary Schools of the Karya Penggawa area. The results of the study revealed that the development of HOTS-based LKPDs needed to be carried out in SD Karya Penggawa areas because students wanted more attractive LKPDs to prevent loss of learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. Besides, it was also revealed that teachers wanted training on the implementation of LKPD jumping tasks to improve the quality of learning.
Utilisation pattern of AMA in surgery department in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Uddesh Santosh , Dahake Tushar , Ekka Jibnus , Dhone Pravin G. 
Published: July 2022

In the recent past when people were dying of communicable diseases, the discovery and innovations of AMAs , did a miracle as saved millions of life worldwide, by special toxic and killing effect on infecting microorganisms and not damaging host, thus satisfying own name as MIRACLE MEDICINE or MAGIC BULLETS. Paul Ehlrich of Austria discovered first time chemotherapeutic agent in 1906. Next Domagk of Germany, A. Fleming of England, Walks man of USA discovered sulfonamides, penicillin, Streptomycin and all received NOBEL PRIZE, for their immortal lifesaving work which changed world. Data are collected from admitted patient’s case sheets from surgery wards .Data’s are collected by a self-prepared preformed proforma, which is prepared as per study design and includes Age, Sex, Disease, Unit, Ward, AMA or AMAs prescribed, Average no of AMAs, Dose, Frequency, Route of administration, along with Govt. supply or private purchase and supply chain.
in vitro study to compare antibacterial efficacy of cinnamon extract, neem extract and sodium hypochlorite as root canal irrigants
Authors: Janavathi Janavathi , Babu P. Ravi Sekhar , Kaslekar Mithun J , Halli Basavaraj , Priyanka Reddy Konda , Ashwini K 
Published: July 2022

Background: E. faecalis is the predominant micro-organism recovered from root canal of the teeth where previous endodontic treatment has failed. Thorough debridement and complete elimination of micro-organisms are objectives of an effective endodontic treatment. For many years, intracanal irrigants have been used as an adjunct to enhance antimicrobial effect of cleaning and shaping in endodontics. Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the antibacterial effectiveness between cinnamon extract as irrigant with neem extract irrigant and sodium hypochlorite against E. fecalis. Methodology: The present study is a randomized controlled in vitro study conducted on 90 extracted permanent single rooted teeth. The teeth were divided into three groups- Group 1 was irrigated with cinnamon extract, Group 2 was irrigated with neem extract irrigant and Group 3 with 3% sodium hypochlorite. The colonies in the reduction of E. feacalis was noted as CFU values per ml. Wilcoxon signed ranked test was used to compare in between the three groups. Mann- Whitney's test was used for inter group comparison between the three groups.
Effect of occupational stress on work-life balance and psychological well-being
Authors: Prasad K D V 
Published: July 2022

The researchers present the findings of an empirical study on occupational stress, and its effect on work-life balance and psychological well-being of the E-Commerce Industry employees around Hyderabad, who are using Metro Rail transport to reach the workplace and back home. The study was carried out when the Covid-19 pandemic second wave is at its peak. The Metro Rail journey provides a platform for each commuter to learn new habits continuously, like newspaper reading, improving communication skills, etc. It is also evident from the survey that they build the relationship on a day-to-day basis during their journey time, which helps them to form diversified networking that enables them to understand and empathize with others and the situations. The data was gathered using a research instrument, a structured undisguised questionnaire with 37 statements representing three components of the study – occupational stress, work-life balance, and psychological well-being. The occupational stress and work-life balance were measured using a five-point Likert-type scale. The responses on psychological well-being were gathered using a scale developed by Ryff and Keyes 1995, a seven-point scale. The data gathered this seven-point scale transformed to a five-point scale using the linear transformation method for ease of data analysis.
Aqueous Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Tungsten with Emphasis on Mine Wastes
Authors: Kazamel B. G. , Jamieson H. E. , Leybourne M. I. , Falck H. , Johannesson K. H. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Tungsten is a valuable industrial metal with limited effective substitutes for its many industrial uses. Tungsten is classified as a critical mineral by many countries, including Canada and the United States. As such, tungsten mining is expected to increase in the future, generating waste with potential as point sources of metal leaching to the environment. Concerns about the toxicity of tungsten have recently emerged, but the element is not regulated in mine waste. The geochemical behavior of tungsten is understudied, hampering the ability to predict tungsten leaching from past, present, and future mining operations.
The low-temperature aqueous mobility of tungsten is pH dependent, with adsorption as a primary factor limiting its dissolved concentrations in the environment. Tungsten, which forms strictly anionic species, adsorbs to mineral surfaces at low pH, and is most mobile in alkaline waters. The speciation of tungsten has been shown to affect its adsorption propensity, with WO42- more strongly adsorbed than polymeric and thiolated species. Aqueous tungsten concentrations generally decrease with decreasing pH in surface waters, groundwaters, geothermal waters, and mine tailings. Although progress has been made, the mechanisms of scheelite and wolframite dissolution are still poorly understood. Mine waste generated from processing tungsten-rich ores contains elevated tungsten concentrations; the weathering behavior of scheelite and wolframite need more research to mitigate the potential for tungsten leaching during the long-term storage of mine waste. Identifying mineralogical changes to scheelite and wolframite that may occur during ore processing and weathering of mine waste would be beneficial for understanding the leaching behavior of these minerals. Based on current knowledge, it is likely that tungsten is mobilized as both dissolved anions and adsorbed to colloidal particles. Improved understanding of the environmental geochemistry of tungsten will help ensure its sustainable supply in the future and permit more effective remediation at abandoned and existing mines.
Telemedicine and Socioeconomics in Orthopaedic Trauma Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ibrahim Ishaq O. , Bangura Abdulai , O'Hara Nathan N. , Pollak Andrew N. , Slobogean Gerard P. , O'Toole Robert V. , Langhammer Christopher G. 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
Socioeconomic factors may introduce barriers to telemedicine care access. This study examines changes in clinic absenteeism for orthopaedic trauma patients after the introduction of a telemedicine postoperative follow-up option during the COVID-19 pandemic with attention to patient socioeconomic status (SES).

Methods:
Patients (n = 1,060) undergoing surgical treatment of pelvic and extremity trauma were retrospectively assigned to preintervention and postintervention cohorts using a quasi-experimental design. The intervention is the April 2020 introduction of a telemedicine follow-up option for postoperative trauma care. The primary outcome was the missed visit rate (MVR) for postoperative appointments. We used Poisson regression models to estimate the relative change in MVR adjusting for patient age and sex. SES-based subgroup analysis was based on the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) according to home address.

Results:
The pre-telemedicine group included 635 patients; the post-telemedicine group included 425 patients. The median MVR in the pre-telemedicine group was 28% (95% confidence interval [CI], 10% to 45%) and 24% (95% CI, 6% to 43%) in the post-telemedicine group. Low SES was associated with a 40% relative increase in MVR (95% CI, 17% to 67%, P < 0.001) compared with patients with high SES. Relative MVR changes between pre-telemedicine and post-telemedicine groups did not reach statistical significance in any socioeconomic strata (low ADI, −6%; 95% CI, −25% to 17%; P = 0.56; medium ADI, −18%; 95% CI, −35% to 2%; P = 0.07; high ADI, −12%; 95% CI, −28% to 7%; P = 0.20).

Conclusions:
Low SES was associated with a higher MVR both before and after the introduction of a telemedicine option. However, no evidence in this cohort demonstrated a change in absenteeism based on SES after the introduction of the telemedicine option. Clinicians should be reassured that there is no evidence that telemedicine introduces additional socioeconomic bias in postoperative orthopaedic trauma care.

Level of Evidence:
III
Conflicts of Law and International Commercial Arbitration  Can Conflict Be Avoided?
Authors: Jhangiani Sapna 
Published: July 2022

International arbitration, by its nature, raises conflict of laws issues because of the interaction between different legal systems. Parties to international arbitrations face more potential choice-of-law issues than international litigants, and such issues include: what law governs the arbitration agreement where the parties have not expressly agreed this?; what law governs capacity?; what is the lex arbitri?; and what law governs the granting of interim measures by a tribunal? The author analyzes the common law approach to the above issues, and argues that there is not enough consistency and guidance to navigate them.A lack of harmonization in relation to these issues leads to a lack of certainty for users which may, in turn, discourage users away from international arbitration as a dispute resolution process. The author therefore proposes reforms and preferred approaches to be adopted by the international arbitration community in order to lead to greater certainty in the outcome to these issues.
Mixed Courts of Egypt and International Arbitration
Authors: Leboulanger Philippe 
Published: July 2022

Historically, Mixed Courts of Egypt, and recently international arbitration, have led to controversial debates as to their role in the Egyptian legal system. The Mixed Courts have been and are often still considered an infringement of Egyptian sovereignty because they were established during colonialism. However, the courts came into existence because Egypt needed a new, efficient legal system to end the consular courts, which were created under the Capitulations Treaties in the Ottoman Empire and caused unequal and sometimes biased treatment of Egyptian nationals. But beyond the geopolitical and historical context, the Mixed Courts have contributed to the development of the modern Egyptian legal system and Egyptian heritage in comparative law and international private law. Although the Mixed Courts and international arbitration proceedings are similar (e.g., different nationalities and legal backgrounds of judges and arbitrators, the possibility to apply different laws to the parties’ disputes), the historical and political context that resulted in the creation of the mechanisms is different. Thus, the claim that international arbitration would overstep Egyptian sovereignty is unfounded. On the contrary, Egypt’s desire to have a modern set of arbitration rules is shared with other States seeking participation in the economic globalization, and international arbitration has proved to be an appropriate mechanism for international trade dispute resolution.
Neutrality, Independence and Impartiality of Arbitrators: Uniformity of Definitions, Dissimilarity of Applications
Authors: Azzali Stefano 
Published: July 2022

Neutrality of the arbitrator is one of the fundamental features of arbitration. It is not a universal but a relative notion, inevitably not identical in all parts of the world, at any given moment.
What should be avoided is a different application of this concept by the same individual, depending on the role played: very strict when he/she acts as counsel (and also different if acting for the Claimant or for the Respondent, as well as if appointing the co-arbitrator or the Chair), more tolerant and flexible when he/she is in the role of arbitrator. A lack of coherence, depending on which side of the barricade the same individual may be, may affect users’ trust in and reliance on arbitration.
Arbitral institutions play a fundamental role in fighting, with realism, this attitude, being aware that neutrality of arbitrators is a principle that does not tolerate any compromise.
Aramco: The Story of the World’s Most Valuable Oil Concession and Its Landmark Arbitration
Authors: Martin A.Timothy 
Published: July 2022

The Aramco story is a fascinating and colourful history of the world’s most valuable oil concession, the challenges overcome by its original American owners and the orderly transfer of control of the world’s largest oil company to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It involved the largest American overseas investment, a cornerstone of U.S. foreign policy, the stabilization of global energy markets and the Middle East region, along with the transformation of a medieval society into a modern state.
Unlike some of the other states in the region, Saudi Arabia never intended to nationalize or expropriate Aramco. Instead, it worked closely with its American investors and the American government to maximize production for the benefit of all the parties involved. The parties did this within a long tradition of “friendship and good will.” Despite their best efforts, they did come to blows in a landmark arbitration, the Saudi Arabia v.Aramco Arbitration, which is one of the most historically important investor state arbitrations of the last century.This article describes that case with insightful detail, along with how the parties maintained their “friendly relationship” long after the end of the arbitration.
Application and Improvement of In Vitro Culture Systems for Commercial Production of Ornamental, Fruit, and Industrial Plants in Poland
Authors: Podwyszyńska Małgorzata , Orlikowska Teresa , Trojak-Goluch Anna , Wojtania Agnieszka 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis work focuses on the achievements of Polish researchers in the field of vegetative reproduction of plants under in vitro conditions. For more than 50 years, micropropagation methods have been used in Poland whenever vegetative reproduction is necessary. Most perennial horticultural crops, such as fruit plants, the majority of ornamental geophytes, and some vegetables (e.g., rhubarb and horseradish), require clonal reproduction owing to their high heterozygosity, i.e., their offsprings when reproduced from seeds, do not repeat the parental characteristics. Various goals have been pursued in the development of regenerative and in vitro propagation systems for each of the aforementioned groups of plants, such as pathogen elimination, reproduction of healthy plants, rapid multiplication of newly obtained valuable breeding lines and cultivars, and breeding to obtain polyploids, haploids, and doubled haploids. Owing to the growing interest of researchers and plant producers in environmentally friendly technologies, one of the sections is devoted to the issue of biotization of micropropagated plants.
IMPLEMENTASI GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DALAM KERJASAMA ANTARA PT PERTAMINA HULU ROKAN DAN PT PATRA DRILLING CONTRACTOR DI KECAMATAN MANDAU KABUPATEN BENGKALIS PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Dedy Felandry  , Yetti  , Miftahul Haq  , Raihan Farras  
Published: July 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis Prinsip Good Corporate Governance (GCG) dalam rangka mewujudkan Asas Keadilan Dan Kepastian Hukum Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 Tentang Perusahaan, untuk dapat dijadikan pedoman bagi Perusahaan dalam menjalankan operasionalnya. Hasil dari penelitian tentang Prinsip Good Corporate Governance (GCG) dalam rangka mewujudkan Asas Keadilan Dan Kepastian Hukum Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 Tentang Perusahaan tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai pijakan dasar dalam menjalankan roda perusahaan. Selain itu, rumusan tersebut dapat bermanfaat bagi pemangku kebijakan dalam rancangan Peraturan Perundang-undangan, dan peraturan-peraturan lainnya. Target khusus penelitian ini adalah terumuskannya bentuk Prinsip GCG dalam perusahaan terutama BUMN. Dan hasil penelitian yang didapat dijadikan sebagai evaluasi atas konsistensi antara idealisme peraturan perundang-undangan secara normatif dengan praktik yang dilakukan di lapangan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum sosiologis yang disebut juga penelitian hukum kepustakaan, yakni suatu metode atau cara yang dipergunakan di dalam penelitian hukum yang dilakukan dengan meneliti bahan pustaka yang ada. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini Bahan Hukum Primer, yakni bahan hukum yang diperoleh dari peraturan perundang-undangan, diantaranya Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata, Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen; Bahan Hukum Sekunder, yakni data yang berasal dari berbagai literatur, buku-buku teks, hasil penelitian, pendapat-pendapat ahli hukum, yang berkaitan dengan penelitian; Bahan Hukum Tertier, yakni data yang berfungsi sebagai pendukung data primer dan sekunder yang berupa kamus dan ensiklopedia.