bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective analysis of the definitive management of open talus fractures at a major trauma centre, comparing ORIF to FUSION: cohort study and audit of BOAST 4 guidelines
Authors: Zhou Andrew Kailin , Jou Eric , Patel Reece , Bhatti Faheem , Modi Nishil , Lu Victor , Zhang James , Krkovic Matija 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Open talus fractures are notoriously difficult to manage, and they are commonly associated with a high level of complications including non-union, avascular necrosis and infection. Currently, the management of such injuries is based upon BOAST 4 guidelines although there is no suggested definitive management, and thus, definitive management is based upon surgeon preference. The key principles of open talus fracture management which do not vary between surgeons are early debridement, orthoplastic wound care, anatomic reduction and definitive fixation whenever possible. However, there is much debate over whether the talus should be preserved or removed after open talus fracture/dislocation and proceeded to tibiocalcaneal fusion.

Methods
A review of electronic hospital records for open talus fractures from 2014 to 2021 returned fourteen patients with fifteen open talus fractures. Seven cases were initially managed with ORIF, and five cases were definitively managed with FUSION, while the others were managed with alternative methods. We collected patient’s age, gender, surgical complications, surgical risk factors and post-treatment functional ability and pain and compliance with BOAST guidelines. The average follow-up of the cohort was 4 years and one month. EQ-5D-5L and FAAM-ADL/Sports score was used as a patient reported outcome measure. Data were analysed using the software PRISM.

Results
Comparison between FUSION and ORIF groups showed no statistically significant difference in EQ-5D-5L score (P = 0.13), FAAM-ADL (P = 0.20), FAAM-Sport (P = 0.34), infection rate (P = 0.55), surgical times (P = 0.91) and time to weight bearing (P = 0.39), despite a higher proportion of polytrauma and Hawkins III and IV fractures in the FUSION group.

Conclusion
FUSION is typically used as second line to ORIF or failed ORIF. However, there is a lack of studies that directly compared outcome in open talus fracture patients definitively managed with FUSION or ORIF. Our results demonstrate for the first time that FUSION may not be inferior to ORIF in terms of patient functional outcome, infection rate and quality of life, in the management of patients with open talus fracture patients. Of note, as open talus fractures have increased risks of complications such as osteonecrosis and non-union, FUSION should be considered as a viable option to mitigate these potential complications in these patients.
Effect of nanocellulose polymorphism on electrochemical analytical performance in hybrid nanocomposites with non-oxidized single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Dortez Silvia , Sierra Tania , Álvarez-Sánchez Miguel Á. , González-Domínguez José M. , Benito Ana M. , Maser Wolfgang K. , Crevillen Agustín G. , Escarpa Alberto 
Published: January 2022

Abstract Two cellulose nanocrystals/single-walled carbon nanotube (CNC/SW) hybrids, using two cellulose polymorphs, were evaluated as electrochemical transducers: CNC type I (CNC-I/SW) and CNC type II (CNC-II/SW). They were synthesized and fully characterized, and their analytical performance as electrochemical sensors was carefully studied. In comparison with SWCNT-based and screen-printed carbon electrodes, CNC/SW sensors showed superior electroanalytical performance in terms of sensitivity and selectivity, not only in the detection of small metabolites (uric acid, dopamine, and tyrosine) but also in the detection of complex glycoproteins (alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP)). More importantly, CNC-II/SW exhibited 20 times higher sensitivity than CNC-I/SW for AGP determination, yielding a LOD of 7 mg L−1.These results demonstrate the critical role played by nanocellulose polymorphism in the electrochemical performance of CNC/SW hybrid materials, opening new directions in the electrochemical sensing of these complex molecules. In general, these high-active-surface hybrids smartly exploited the preserved non-oxidized SW conductivity with the high aqueous dispersibility of the CNC, avoiding the use of organic solvents or the incorporation of toxic surfactants during their processing, making the CNC/SW hybrids promising nanomaterials for electrochemical detection following greener approaches.
Graphical abstract
Invasive Diagnostik und resektive Chirurgie bei Frontallappenepilepsie
Authors: Delev Daniel , Clusmann Hans 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungFrontallappenepilepsie stellt das häufigste extratemporale Epilepsiesyndrom dar und somit auch die zweithäufigste fokale Epilepsieform nach der Temporallappenepilepsie. Die nicht immer lokalisierenden elektrophysiologischen Befunde, welche schnell über die Insel oder den Balken geleitet werden können, sowie das häufige Fehlen einer sichtbaren epileptogenen Läsion machen die Anwendung invasiver Abklärung mittels Tiefen- und/oder subduralen Elektroden in vielen Fällen unabdingbar. Das Spektrum der chirurgischen Resektionen im Bereich des Frontallappens reicht von einfachen fokalen erweiterten Läsionektomien über Frontallappendiskonnektionen bis hin zur frontalen Lobektomie. Entsprechend variiert auch das postoperative epileptologische Outcome mit Anfallsfreiheitsraten zwischen 20 % und 70 %. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt eine Übersicht über die Möglichkeiten der invasiven Abklärung und der operativen Strategien bei Frontallappenepilepsie. Zusätzlich werden die postoperativen Ergebnisse und zugrunde liegende Einflussfaktoren zusammengefasst. Insgesamt bleibt die Frontallappenepilepsie eine epilepsiechirurgische Herausforderung und somit auch die Hoffnung, dass zukünftige Fortschritte im Bereich der Bildgebung oder Neuromodulation zu einer Verbesserung der postoperativen Ergebnisse beitragen können.
Family Context and ADHD Symptoms in Middle Childhood: an Explanatory Model
Authors: Barreto-Zarza Florencia , Sánchez de Miguel Manuel , Arranz-Freijo Enrique B. , Acha Joana , González Llúcia , Rebagliato Marisa , Ibarluzea Jesús 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecent research suggests that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may be influenced by interactions between the individual and their social context. This study examined the predictive value of family context variables and attentional control levels on child ADHD symptoms. A new explanatory model of the relationship amongst these variables was also tested. A sample of 754 families with children aged 7 to 11 was assessed through the Conners Parent Rating Scale, the Haezi-Etxadi Family Assessment Scale, and the Attention Network Test. Path analysis models showed a predictive association between children ADHD symptoms and Social Support Network, Parental Stress, Parental Self-efficacy, Attentional Control and being male. Furthermore, a stronger Social Support Network was associated with greater Parental Self-efficacy, a variable that predicted Parental Stress levels and children ADHD symptoms. In conclusion, a new multi-influence model of variables linked to ADHD symptomatology during mid-childhood is provided, which may be useful to support the design of family interventions.
Deep Learning Based Customer Preferences Analysis in Industry 4.0 Environment
Authors: Sun Qindong , Feng Xingyu , Zhao Shanshan , Cao Han , Li Shancang , Yao Yufeng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCustomer preferences analysis and modelling using deep learning in edge computing environment are critical to enhance customer relationship management that focus on a dynamically changing market place. Existing forecasting methods work well with often seen and linear demand patterns but become less accurate with intermittent demands in the catering industry. In this paper, we introduce a throughput deep learning model for both short-term and long-term demands forecasting aimed at allowing catering businesses to be highly efficient and avoid wastage. Moreover, detailed data collected from a business online booking system in the past three years have been used to train and verify the proposed model. Meanwhile, we carefully analyzed the seasonal conditions as well as past local or national events (event analysis) that could have had critical impact on the sales. The results are compared with the best performing forecast methods Xgboost and autoregressive moving average model (ARMA), and they suggest that the proposed method significantly improves demand forecasting accuracy (up to 80%) for dishes demand along with reduction in associated costs and labor allocation.
The Macroeconomic Controversy Over Price Rigidity — How to Resolve it and How Bayesian Estimation has Led us Astray
Authors: Meenagh David , Minford Patrick , Wickens Michael R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrice rigidity plays a central role in macroeconomic models but remains controversial. Those espousing it look to Bayesian estimated models in support, while those assuming price flexibility largely impose it on their models. So controversy continues unresolved by testing on the data. In a Monte Carlo experiment we ask how different estimation methods could help to resolve this controversy. We find Bayesian estimation creates a large potential estimation bias compared with standard estimation techniques. Indirect estimation where the bias is found to be low appears to do best, and offers the best way forward for settling the price rigidity controversy.
Residual Stresses from Incremental Hole Drilling Using Directly Deposited Thin Film Strain Gauges
Authors: Heikebrügge S. , Ottermann R. , Breidenstein B. , Wurz M.C. , Dencker F. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Commonly, polymer foil-based strain gauges are used for the incremental hole drilling method to obtain residual stress depth profiles. These polymer foil-based strain gauges are prone to errors due to application by glue. For example zero depth setting is thus often erroneous due to necessary removal of polymer foil and glue. This is resulting in wrong use of the calibration coefficients and depth resolution and thus leading to wrong calculations of the obtained residual stress depth profiles. Additionally common polymer foil-based sensors are limited in their application regarding e.g. exposure to high temperatures.

Objective
This paper aims at a first step into the qualification of directly deposited thin film strain gauges for use with the incremental hole drilling method. With the directly deposited sensors, uncertainties regarding the determination of calibration coefficients and zero depth setting due to the absence of glue can be reduced to a minimum. Additionally, new areas of interest such as the investigation of thermally sprayed metallic layers can be addressed by the sensors due to their higher temperature resilience and their component inherent minimal thickness.

Methods
For the first time, different layouts of directly deposited thin film strain gauges for residual stress measurements were manufactured on a stainless steel specimen. Strain measurements during incremental hole drilling using a bespoke hole drilling device were conducted. Residual stress depth profiles were calculated using the Integral method of the ASTM E837 standard. Afterwards, strain measurements with conventional polymer foil-based strain gauges during incremental hole drilling were conducted and residual stress depth profiles were calculated accordingly. Finally the obtained profiles were compared regarding characteristic values.

Results
The residual stress depth profiles obtained from directly deposited strain gauges generally match the ones obtained from conventional polymer foil based strain gauges. With the novel strain gauges, zero depth setting is simplified due to the absence of glue and polymer foil. With the direct deposition, a wide variety of rosette designs is possible, enabling a more detailed evaluation of the strain field around the drilled hole.

Conclusions
The comparative analysis of the obtained residual stress depth profiles shows the general feasibility of directly deposited strain gauges for residual stress measurements. Detailed investigations on uncertainty sources are still necessary.
Outcome of Sleeve Gastrectomy Converted to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass
Authors: Felsenreich D. M. , Steinlechner K. , Langer F. B. , Vock N. , Eichelter J. , Bichler C. , Jedamzik J. , Mairinger M. , Kristo I. , Prager G. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the commonest bariatric procedure worldwide but there is also a high conversion rate mainly due to weight regain and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) reported in studies with long-term follow-up. The aim of this study is to highlight benefits and limitations of converting SG patients to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB).

Setting
Retrospective cross-sectional-study, medical university clinic setting.

Methods
This study includes all patients converted from primary SG to RYGB or OAGB by 12/2018 at the Medical University of Vienna. Patients were examined using gastroscopy, esophageal manometry, 24-h pH-metry, and questionnaires.

Results
Fifty-eight patients were converted from SG to RYGB (n = 45) or OAGB (n = 13). Total weight loss of patients converted to RYGB and OAGB was 41.5% and 44.8%, respectively, at nadir. Six patients had Barrett’s esophagus (BE) after SG. In four out of these six patients, a complete remission of BE after conversion to RYGB was observed; nevertheless, two patients after RYGB and one after OABG newly developed BE. Clinical GERD improved at a higher rate after RYGB than after OAGB. Both revisional procedures improved associated medical problems.

Conclusion
Conversion to RYGB is probably the best option for patients with GERD after SG. OAGB has shown a low potential to cure patients from GERD symptoms after SG. In terms of additional weight loss and remission of associated medical problems, both procedures studied were equal. Surveillance gastroscopies every 5 years after SG revisions are recommended.

Graphical abstract
Alternative Wahrnehmungen der Welt gelten lassen?
Authors: Kuhn Melanie , Landhäußer Sandra 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungRassismus kommt als Lerninhalt in den Lehrplänen für die Ausbildung von Erzieher_innen kaum vor. Eine sensible und nicht moralisierende Thematisierung von Rassismus im Unterricht ist so wichtig wie herausfordernd. Die Vermittlung von rassismuskritischem Wissen zum einen und die Selbstpositionierungen der Lehrkräfte zum anderen können dazu beitragen, dass Rassismus nicht unbeabsichtigt bagatellisiert und relativiert wird.
Hybrid laser-arc welding of laser- and plasma-cut 20-mm-thick structural steels
Authors: Üstündağ Ömer , Bakir Nasim , Gook Sergej , Gumenyuk Andrey , Rethmeier Michael 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIt is already known that the laser beam welding (LBW) or hybrid laser-arc welding (HLAW) processes are sensitive to manufacturing tolerances such as gaps and misalignment of the edges, especially at welding of thick-walled steels due to its narrow beam diameter. Therefore, the joining parts preferably have to be milled. The study deals with the influence of the edge quality, the gap and the misalignment of edges on the weld seam quality of hybrid laser-arc welded 20-mm-thick structural steel plates which were prepared by laser and plasma cutting. Single-pass welds were conducted in butt joint configuration. An AC magnet was used as a contactless backing. It was positioned under the workpiece during the welding process to prevent sagging. The profile of the edges and the gap between the workpieces were measured before welding by a profile scanner or a digital camera, respectively. With a laser beam power of just 13.7 kW, the single-pass welds could be performed. A gap bridgeability up to 1 mm at laser-cut and 2 mm at plasma-cut samples could be reached respectively. Furthermore, a misalignment of the edges up to 2 mm could be welded in a single pass. The new findings may eliminate the need for cost and time-consuming preparation of the edges.
A Systematic Review of Dog-Assisted Therapy in Children with Behavioural and Developmental Disorders
Authors: Hüsgen Candela J. , Peters-Scheffer Nienke C. , Didden Robert 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Animal-assisted therapy with dogs is regularly used in children with behavioural and developmental disorders. Aims of this systematic review were threefold: to analyse the methodological quality of studies on dog-assisted therapy (DAT) for children with behavioural and developmental disorders, to determine to which extent the studies on DAT adhere to the quality criteria developed by the International Association of Human Animal Interaction Organisation (IAHAIO) and to describe the characteristics of the participants, the intervention and the outcomes.

Method
Three databases (i.e. PsycInfo, MedLine and Eric) were searched, and 14 studies on DAT were included. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklist (JBIC) and the quality criteria developed by the IAHAIO were used during data extraction. Characteristics of the participants, the intervention, the therapy dogs and the outcomes of the studies were summarised.

Results
Six of the 14 included studies reported significant outcomes of DAT, whereof six in the social domain and two in the psychological domain. However, scores on the JBIC indicated low to moderate methodological quality and only three of the included studies adhered to the IAHAIO quality criteria.

Conclusions
DAT is a promising intervention for children with behavioural and developmental disorders, especially for children with autism spectrum disorder. A clear description of the therapy’s components, the role of the therapy dog and analysis of the treatment integrity and procedural fidelity would improve the methodological quality of the studies and the field of dog-assisted interventions.
Pyramid Bayesian Method for Model Uncertainty Evaluation of Semantic Segmentation in Autonomous Driving
Authors: Zhao Yang , Tian Wei , Cheng Hong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWith the fast-developing deep learning models in the field of autonomous driving, the research on the uncertainty estimation of deep learning models has also prevailed. Herein, a pyramid Bayesian deep learning method is proposed for the model uncertainty evaluation of semantic segmentation. Semantic segmentation is one of the most important perception problems in understanding visual scene, which is critical for autonomous driving. This study to optimize Bayesian SegNet for uncertainty evaluation. This paper first simplifies the network structure of Bayesian SegNet by reducing the number of MC-Dropout layer and then introduces the pyramid pooling module to improve the performance of Bayesian SegNet. mIoU and mPAvPU are used as evaluation matrics to test the proposed method on the public Cityscapes dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed method improves the sampling effect of the Bayesian SegNet, shortens the sampling time, and improves the network performance.
Experimental study on flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with passive and active CFRP strips using a novel anchorage system
Authors: Piątek Bartosz , Siwowski Tomasz 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The paper presents the research on reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips with various configurations in terms of anchoring and tensioning. The five full-scale RC beams with the total length of 6.0 m were strengthened with passive strips, without and with mechanical anchorages at their ends, as well as with strips tensioned by the novel prestressing system with three various prestressing levels ranging from 30 to 50% of the CFRP tensile strength. All RC beams were tested under static flexural load up to failure and they were investigated in a full range of flexural behaviour, including the post-debonding phase. The main parameters considered in this study include the use of mechanical anchorages, the effect of tensioning the strips and the influence of the various prestressing levels. Several performance indicators have been established to evaluate the beams’ behaviour. The study revealed that the RC beams strengthened using tensioned CFRP strips exhibited a higher cracking, yielding and ultimate moments as compared to the beams with passively bonded CFRP strips. Moreover, increasing the beams’ prestressing level has a significant positive influence on the performance of strengthened beams. However, it did not affect the ultimate load-bearing capacity of the beams. The optimal prestressing level for the novel system has been determined as 60% of CFRP tensile strength.
Public Justification Versus Public Deliberation: The Case for Reconciliation
Authors: Kugelberg Henrik D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractKevin Vallier has recently argued that the ideals of public justification and public deliberation should be separated. The link between the two, Vallier suggests, has been assumed without being properly defended. Once examined, the connection falls apart. In this paper, I argue that there is, in fact, a clear and convincing story available for why the two ideals should be treated as mutually reinforcing. Drawing on recent empirical evidence, I argue that the deliberative behaviour of citizens can have a clear and positive impact on the behaviour and policy choices of public officials.
The Capital Structure Puzzle: What Are We Missing?
Authors: DeAngelo Harry 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn important piece of the capital structure puzzle has been missing, and it is not a contracting friction. It is recognition that managers do not have sufficient knowledge to optimize capital structure with any real precision. The literature critique in this paper i) identifies the conceptual sources of the main empirical failures of the leading models of capital structure and ii) shows how those failures can be repaired by taking into account imperfect managerial knowledge and several other factors. The analysis yields a compact set of principles for thinking about capital structure in an empirically supported way.
The Stabilizing Effects of Publishing Strategic Central Bank Projections
Authors: Ahrens Steffen , Lustenhouwer Joep , Tettamanzi Michele 
Published: January 2022

AbstractExpectations are among the main driving forces for economic dynamics. Therefore, managing expectations has become a primary objective for monetary policy seeking to stabilize the business cycle. In this paper, we study whether central banks can manage private-sector expectations by means of publishing one-period ahead inflation projections in a New Keynesian learning-to-forecast experiment. Subjects in the experiment observe these projections along with the historic development of the economy and subsequently submit their own one-period ahead inflation forecasts. In this context, we find that the central bank can significantly manage private-sector expectations and that this management strongly supports monetary policy in stabilizing the economy. Moreover, published central bank inflation projections drastically reduce the probability of a deflationary spiral after strong negative shocks to the economy.