bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Realising Central Banks’ Climate Ambitions Through Financial Stability Mandates
Authors: D’Orazio Paola , Popoyan Lilit 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper discusses how financial stability governance has evolved and how central banks and financial regulators are coping with the threats posed by climate uncertainty, providing an overview of G20 countries’ green central banking experiences in the past 20 years. The analysis shows that most central banks realise their climate ambitions through financial stability mandates, leaving the monetary stability mandate unaffected. Considering the debate on market neutrality, the concerns on the risk of overstretching the central banks’ mandate, violation of Tinbergen’s principle and threats posed to central banks’ independence, the provided evidence reveals a mismatch between the observed policy practice and its theoretical underpinnings. Drawing on these findings, we argue that effective green central banking governance should be based on a synthesis between monetary and macroprudential policymaking.
Antiepileptische Pharmakotherapie im Alter: evidenzbasiertes Vorgehen versus klinischer Alltag
Authors: Holtkamp Martin , Krämer Günter 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungBezüglich der Altersepilepsie oder Epilepsie im Alter müssen 2 Patientengruppen mit unterschiedlichen Bedürfnissen und Problemen unterschieden werden, die in diesem Artikel auch separat behandelt werden: die mit ihrer Epilepsie alt gewordenen Patienten und die mit einer erstmals im höheren Lebensalter auftretenden Epilepsie. Diagnostisch ist die erste Gruppe unproblematisch – es gibt nur relativ selten Patienten mit einer über Jahrzehnte tradierten Fehldiagnose einer Epilepsie. Demgegenüber werden im höheren Lebensalter beginnende Epilepsien wegen ihrer oft vergleichsweise harmlosen Semiologie inklusive eines nonkonvulsiven Status epilepticus häufiger verkannt oder erst verzögert diagnostiziert. Therapeutisch stellt sich bei den „gealterten“ Epilepsien häufiger die Frage eines Wechsels von einem „alten“ Antiepileptikum mit erhöhtem Risiko unerwünschter Effekte auf den Stoffwechsel sowie auf kognitive Parameter wie Wachheit und Gedächtnis auf einen „modernen“ Wirkstoff. Viele neuere Antiepileptika bieten zwar Vorteile, andererseits treten häufiger beispielsweise psychiatrische unerwünschte Wirkungen auf. Bei langer Anfallsfreiheit stellt sich natürlich auch die Frage eines Absetzens oder zumindest Reduzierens der Dosis der Antiepileptika. Bei Beginn einer Epilepsie im höheren Lebensalter sind bei der Auswahl eines dann in der Regel lebenslang einzunehmenden Antiepileptikums nicht zuletzt die zahlreichen Komorbiditäten und bereits bestehenden Medikationen individuell zu berücksichtigen. Ziele des vorliegenden Beitrags sind eine gestraffte Darstellung des derzeitigen Wissensstands und eine Hilfestellung bei der Betreuung älterer Patienten im Spannungsfeld der begrenzten evidenzbasierten Datenlage und der Notwendigkeit einer therapeutischen Entscheidung im klinischen Alltag.
Projective and Reedy Model Category Structures for (Infinitesimal) Bimodules over an Operad
Authors: Ducoulombier Julien , Fresse Benoit , Turchin Victor 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe construct and study projective and Reedy model category structures for bimodules and infinitesimal bimodules over topological operads. Both model structures produce the same homotopy categories. For the model categories in question, we build explicit cofibrant and fibrant replacements. We show that these categories are right proper and under some conditions left proper. We also study the extension/restriction adjunctions.
A model for the lifetime of a reactive filter
Authors: Kiradjiev Kristian B. , Breward Christopher J. W. , M. Griffiths Ian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn many industrial applications, reactive filters, which remove toxic substances using chemical reactions, prove very efficient and versatile. One such example is the removal of sulphur dioxide from flue gas by converting it into liquid sulphuric acid. In this paper, we extend a model developed in Kiradjiev et al. (SIAM J Appl Math 82:591–619, 2021) for the operation of a reactive filter to consider the long-time behaviour and determine how the filter becomes clogged with liquid and becomes inefficient. We explore how the parameters that govern the operation of the filter affect its efficiency and discuss optimal filtration strategies. We also consider a distinguished asymptotic limit in terms of the key dimensionless parameters and obtain an explicit solution that compares well with the numerical solution to the full problem. Finally, we compare the results of our model with those from a simplified model for a reactive filter considered in Breward and Kiradjiev (J Eng Math, 129(14):1–28, 2021).
Size matters: variations in seagrass seed size at local scales affects seed performance
Authors: Smith Timothy M. , Sherman Craig D. H. , Cumming Erin E. , York Paul H. , Jarvis Jessie C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSeed size can have an impact on angiosperm reproductive fitness. Ecological theory predicts plants that will produce larger seeds in stressful environments to increase the chances of seedling survival and numerous small seeds in favourable conditions to increase the number of recruits. We measured seed morphology of the seagrass Heterozostera nigricaulis from four populations under differing environmental conditions in South East Australia. Seed size and mass among sites showed consistent differences over four flowering seasons. Seeds from exposed, ephemeral meadows (Blairgowrie, Edwards Point) were 19%–53% heavier than those from larger, stable meadows at more sheltered sites (Swan Bay, Point Henry). Overall, heavier seeds from exposed sites performed better in germination experiments and persisted (remained viable) longer compared to small seeds from sheltered sites. Seeds from sheltered sites showed contrasting levels of seed performance. Small seeds from Swan Bay had the lowest germination but the proportion of viable seeds after 12 months were much higher (41%) than similar sized seeds from Point Henry (0%). There are clear life history benefits of large seeds that facilitate seed persistence and germination at exposed sites; however, the performance of smaller seeds varied between sites and may be a function of other site-specific advantages.
Conceptualising the entrepreneurial university: the stakeholder approach
Authors: Radko Natalya , Belitski Maksim , Kalyuzhnova Yelena 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study uses the stakeholder perspective to knowledge spillover theory at university to explain how various characteristics of internal and external university stakeholders will affect its entrepreneurial outcomes. Acknowledging the heterogeneity between entrepreneurial universities, we theoretically developed and empirically tested a model for four types of stakeholders (knowledge enablers, knowledge creators, knowledge codifiers, knowledge facilitators) across three university types (Russel group, teaching-based and polytechnic universities). To test our hypotheses related to the role of stakeholders in entrepreneurial outcomes of a university we used panel data on 139 UK universities that achieved entrepreneurial outcomes during 2010 and 2016. The results demonstrate significant differences in the role that stakeholders play in knowledge spillover entrepreneurship at universities with the effects vary across three distinct university types.
Teaching Numerical Groundwater Flow Modeling with Spreadsheets
Authors: Gómez-Hernández J. Jaime 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe use of spreadsheets for numerical groundwater flow modeling is not a novelty; however, its potential in the classroom has not been emphasized enough. This Teachers Aid provides a step-by-step implementation of a steady-state, vertically integrated two-dimensional groundwater flow model in a confined irregular aquifer with boundary conditions of the three kinds and subject to pumping and recharge that will enhance the learning experience of students that are confronted for the first time with the numerical solution of the groundwater flow partial differential equation.
Ghost attractor in fractional order blinking system and its application
Authors: Kamal F. M. , Elsaid A. , Elsonbaty A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the occurrence of ghost attractor is verified in three cases of a proposed fractional order Rössler blinking system. Firstly, the dynamical behaviors of the short memory fractional order prototype-4 Rössler system with Chua’s diode are explored via bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov exponents. It is depicted that this system exhibits a variety of dynamics including limit cycles, period doubling and chaos. Then, a proposed non-autonomous fractional order Rössler blinking system is introduced. Numerical simulations are employed to confirm the existence of ghost attractors at specific cases which involve very fast switching time between two composing autonomous fractional subsystems. It is found that the presented fractional order blinking system is very sensitive to system parameters, initial conditions, and stochastic process parameters. Thus, the induced chaotic ghost attractor is utilized in a suggested ghost attractor-based chaotic image encryption scheme for first time. Finally, a detailed security analysis is carried out and reveals that the proposed image cryptosystem is immune against different types of attacks such as differential attacks, brute force attacks, cropping and statistical attacks.
Unsettledness in times of change
Authors: Pickup Martin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIf something changes from being in one state to being in another state, when exactly does it change? And what’s going on at that time? These questions are often discussed under the heading of the ‘moment’ or ‘instant’ of change. In this paper, I will investigate a view on which there is an intrinsically distinguished, atomic time at which something changes, and at that time it is metaphysically indeterminate what is the case. The background metaphysical picture is situationalism, a theory on which reality is composed of irreducibly conflicting parts. These conflicting parts give rise to unsettledness in reality as a whole, and also (I will suggest) at the point of change. I propose this view as a competitor for existing accounts of the time of change, and spell out a few reasons in its favour.
Effect of Nd on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-La-Ce Alloys at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Feng Lingyun , Dong Xixi , Cai Qing , Wang Bin , Ji Shouxun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe microstructures and tensile properties were investigated for high-pressure die-cast Mg1.6La1.0Ce alloy with different Nd contents from 0 to 3 wt.%. The results showed that fine dendritic and segmented dendritic microstructures were observed in the as-cast alloys, but the eutectic morphology changed from lamellar for low Nd-containing alloys to continuous fibrous with dendritic α-Mg in eutectics for high Nd-containing alloys. The compositions of the eutectic phase were also transferred from Mg12(La, Ce) in the alloys without Nd to Mg12(La, Ce, Nd) in the alloys with Nd addition. When the concentration of Nd was greater than 2 wt.%, numerous nanoscale Mg-Nd intermetallic phases precipitated at the grain boundaries and eutectic area. The addition of Nd was also found to increase tensile strength significantly at ambient temperature and elevated temperatures. For the alloy without Nd, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) was 135.6 MPa and 189.9 MPa at ambient temperature and 56.3 MPa and 57.4 MPa at 300 °C, respectively. When adding 3 wt.% Nd, the yield strength increased to 161.9 MPa at ambient temperature and 75.4 MPa at 300 °C. The UTS increased to 181.9 MPa at ambient temperature and 90.4 MPa at 300 °C. The significant improvement in strength was attributed to the strengthening from the refined structure and the dispersion of second-phases of intermetallic compounds.
On symplectomorphisms and Hamiltonian flows
Authors: Cardin Franco 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe propose the construction of a sequence of time one flows of autonomous Hamiltonian vector fields, converging to a fixed near the identity $$C^1$$

C
1

symplectic diffeomorphism $$\psi $$
ψ
. This convergence is proved to be uniformly exponentially fast, in a non analytic symplectic topology framework.
Constrained Multi-Objective Optimization with a Limited Budget of Function Evaluations
Authors: de Winter Roy , Bronkhorst Philip , van Stein Bas , Bäck Thomas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes the Self-Adaptive algorithm for Multi-Objective Constrained Optimization by using Radial Basis Function Approximations, SAMO-COBRA. This algorithm automatically determines the best Radial Basis Function-fit as surrogates for the objectives as well as the constraints, to find new feasible Pareto-optimal solutions. SAMO-COBRA is compared to a wide set of other state-of-the-art algorithms (IC-SA-NSGA-II, SA-NSGA-II, NSGA-II, NSGA-III, CEGO, SMES-RBF) on 18 constrained multi-objective problems. In the first experiment, SAMO-COBRA outperforms the other algorithms in terms of achieved Hypervolume (HV) after being given a fixed small evaluation budget on the majority of test functions. In the second experiment, SAMO-COBRA outperforms the majority of competitors in terms of required function evaluations to achieve $$95\%$$

95
%

of the maximum achievable Hypervolume. In addition to academic test functions, SAMO-COBRA has been applied on a real-world ship design optimization problem with three objectives, two complex constraints, and five decision variables.
Demographic Cultures and Demographic Skepticism
Authors: Buskell Andrew 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe social sciences often explain behavioral differences by appealing to membership in distinct cultural groups. This work uses the concepts of “cultures” and “cultural groups” like any other demographic category (e.g. “gender”, “socioeconomic status”). I call these joint conceptualizations of “cultures” and “cultural groups” demographic cultures. Such demographic cultures have long been subject to scrutiny. Here I isolate and respond to a set of arguments I call demographic skepticism. This skeptical position denies that the demographic cultures concept can support metaphysically plausible and empirically principled research. I argue against the skeptic, showing that their position relies on a questionable alignment between the demographic cultures concept and what I call the folk anthropological model. While the commitments of that model are problematic—they are not necessary for comparative work in the social sciences. In addition to clarifying skeptical arguments, then, I provide four recommendations for the comparative social scientist that allow them to avoid demographic skepticism.
Simulation and reaction parameter estimation in subsurface flow constructed wetland for greywater treatment
Authors: Patil Y. M. , Munavalli G. R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSubsurface flow constructed wetland (SSFCW) is widely adopted for the removal of BOD5 and TKN from greywater. The design of SSFCW is normally based on thumb rules or using a first-order reaction kinetic model. However, the applicability of this model is system/environment-specific which necessitates the assessment of the potential applicability of other reaction kinetic models. In the present study, experiments were planned on SSFCW during initial and established phases to collect the data on BOD and TKN for assessing the system-specific application of plug flow, K-S* and CSTRs in series models. The reaction rate parameters along the length of SSFCW and overall for the system were estimated. There was no variation in values of rate parameter along the length in an initial phase, but the values increased along the length of SSFCW in established phase. Further, the applicability of these models was assessed for predicting BOD5 in SSFCW based on error analysis. And overall reaction rate parameters were estimated. Based on the average absolute error and RMS error it is concluded that plug flow and K-S* reaction kinetic models are more applicable for BOD5. The volumetric reaction rate parameter is recommended to be 0.612/day (plug flow) and 0.742/day (K-S*) for the design of SSFCW in tropical climate for BOD5 removal. The volumetric reaction rate parameter for TKN removal by plug flow model is recommended to be 0.389/day.
Assessment of groundwater quality and its controlling processes in Bemetara District of Chhattisgarh State, India
Authors: Sharma M. K. , Kumar Mohit , Malik D. S. , Singh Surjeet , Patre A. K. , Prasad Beena , Sharma Babita , Saini Shekhar , Shukla A. K. , Das P. C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGroundwater withdrawal at very fast rate poses threat on existing groundwater resources in different parts of the world. This reduction in groundwater levels significantly disturbed the natural aquifer flow rate and thereby different hydrogeochemical processes, which may further impair the groundwater quality. The groundwater quality in rural area of Chhattisgarh State is degraded, and the problem of saline water poses health risk to people. In this research investigation, suitability of groundwater of Bemetara District, Chhattisgarh, India, has been evaluated for drinking purpose through water quality index (WQI) method and principal component analysis (PCA). Total 116 groundwater samples were collected during the pre-monsoon (June 2019) and post-monsoon season (December 2019) and analyzed for physicochemical parameters. Total dissolved solids ranged from 250 to 10,440 mg/L and 289 to 3583 mg/L during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon, respectively, and 55% of the total samples exceeded acceptable BIS limit in pre-monsoon, while about 66% samples exceeded in post-monsoon season. SO42−concentrations varied from 3 to 5734 mg/L during pre-monsoon and 4.5 to 2002 mg/L during post-monsoon, respectively. Total 28% samples in pre-monsoon and 18% samples in post-monsoon season exceeded the maximum permissible BIS limit (400 mg/L) of SO42−ion in the study area. On the basis of WQI, the quality of groundwater varies from “Excellent water” to “Good water” category. The groundwater of northeastern part of the district is not suitable for drinking, and therefore, it is recommended to treat this groundwater before human consumption with special reference to SO42−contamination. PCA inferred that four components are sufficient to explain the variance in chemistry of groundwater that is mainly governed by dissolution of gypsum mineral, other rock–water interaction and anthropogenic activities. Further, water quality was improved in the direction of groundwater flow in the study area, establishing a direct relationship between groundwater flow and water quality of the Bemetara District. This study provides very useful database to design sustainable groundwater management plan for the district.
Multi-colony ant optimization with dynamic collaborative mechanism and cooperative game
Authors: Mo Yadong , You Xiaoming , Liu Sheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAnt Colony Optimization easily falls into premature stagnation when solving large-scale Travelling Salesmen Problems. To address this problem, a multi-colony ant optimization with dynamic collaborative mechanism and cooperative game is proposed. Firstly, Ant Colony System and Max–Min Ant System form heterogeneous colonies. Secondly, to diversify the solutions of the algorithm, the Shapley value in the cooperative game is applied to share the information by distributing the pheromone payoff of the sub-colonies. In addition, the dynamic collaborative mechanism that contains two methods is designed to enhance the co-evolution of the heterogeneous populations. One, called public path recommendation strategy, is proposed to improve the astringency of Max–Min Ant System. The other is the pheromone fusion mechanism to regulate the pheromone distribution of Ant Colony System when the algorithm falls into stagnation, which can help the algorithm jump out of the local extremum effectively. Finally, the results demonstrate that the proposed methodology can improve the accuracy of solution effectively in solving large-scale TSP instances and has strong competitiveness with other swarm intelligent algorithms.
Bounds on shifted convolution sums for Hecke eigenforms
Authors: Nordentoft Asbjørn C. , Petridis Yiannis N. , Risager Morten S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractShifted convolution sums play a prominent rôle in analytic number theory. Here these sums are considered in the context of holomorphic Hecke eigenforms. We investigate pointwise bounds, mean-square bounds consistent with the optimal conjectural bound, and find asymptotics on average for their variance.
Mapping the complexity of political ideology using emergent networks: the Chilean case
Authors: Raveau María P. , Couyoumdjian Juan P. , Fuentes-Bravo Claudio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe propose a method to characterize political ideology using network theory. Our analysis is based on the 2015–2016 Chilean constituent process, where self-convened meetings were held throughout the country to discuss which Values, Rights, Duties, and Institutions should be included in the new constitution. Using this unique dataset, co-occurrence networks were constructed by considering the concepts selected in different meetings. The nodes are the concepts, and a link between two nodes represents the association between them. Political ideology is thus analyzed as an emergent network, and we can identify the main ideological communities in Chile and describe their characteristics. Beyond the local results, the proposed methodology enables representing the diversity of a community’s political orientations in a realistic ecological context.
Matching individual Ladoga ringed seals across short-term image sequences
Authors: Nepovinnykh Ekaterina , Chelak Ilia , Lushpanov Andrei , Eerola Tuomas , Kälviäinen Heikki , Chirkova Olga 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAutomated wildlife reidentification has attracted increasing attention in recent years as it provides a non-invasive tool to identify and to track individual wild animals over time. In this paper, the first steps are taken towards the automatic photo-identification of the Ladoga ringed seals (Pusa hispida ladogensis). A method is proposed that takes a sequence of images, each containing multiple individuals as the input, and produces cropped images of seals grouped based on one certain individual per group. The method starts by detecting each seal from the images and proceeds to matching the individual seals between the images. It is shown that high grouping accuracy can be obtained with a general-purpose image retrieval method on an image sequence taken from the same location within a relatively short period of time. Each resulting group contains multiple images of one individual with slightly different variations, for example, in pose and illumination. Utilizing these images simultaneously provides more information for the individual re-identification compared to the traditional approach, i.e., which utilizes just one image at a time. It is further demonstrated that a convolutional neural network based method can be used to extract the unique pelage patterns of the seals despite the low contrast. Finally, a method is proposed and experiments with the novel Ladoga ringed seals data are carried out to provide a proof-of-concept for the individual re-identification.