bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of neutralizing antibody responses after natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in Congolese individuals
Authors: Ntoumi Francine , Batchi-Bouyou Armel Landry , Djontu Jean Claude , Vouvoungui Jeannhey Christevy , Mfoutou Claujens Chastel Mapanguy , Ingoba Line Lobaloba , Mougany Jiré Séphora , Boumpoutou Kamal Rauchelvy , Diafouka-kietela Steve , Ampa Raoul 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAssessing immune responses after vaccination is part of the evaluation package of vaccine effectiveness in the real world. With regard to SARS-CoV-2, neutralizing antibody levels has been shown to be a good indicator of antibody immune response boosting. So far, limited data have been reported from Africa including in Central Africa. The objective of this study was to provide data on anti-S1 spike total IgG and neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated and non-vaccinated including naturally infected Congolese population during B.1.214.1 and B.1.617.2 variant waves.MethodsRecruited patients were divided into 4 groups: (1) Naturally infected by the B.1.214.1 variant on January 2021 and followed up until September 2021. These patients have been vaccinated at month 07 and then followed up for 2 months post vaccination; (2) Naturally infected by the B.1.617.2 variant from June 2021; (3) unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2 individuals with no history of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection; (3) fully vaccinated individuals with Sinopharm/BBIP-CorV or Janssen/Ad26.COV2.S. SARS-CoV-2 was detected by qRT-PCR and sequenced using Next-Generation Sequencing. ELISA method was used for detecting IgG, and neutralizing Antibody against SARS-CoV-2 antigens using commercial neutralizing assay.ResultsIndividuals infected by the B.1214.1 variant elicited consistently high IgG titers at 02, 03 and 06 months. Two months post vaccination with BBIP-CorV, participants showed a significant increase by x2.5 fold (p<0.0001) of total IgG and X1.5 fold for neutralizing antibody capacity. This study showed that natural infection with B1.617.2 (delta) variant was more immunogenic compared to those being infected with B1.214.2 variant at the same period. We found a significantly higher concentration in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG (p<0.0002) and antibodies neutralization capacity (P<0.0001) in fully vaccinated compared to unvaccinated participants. Two months post vaccination, individuals who received Janssen/Ad26.COV2.S presented higher (p= 0.01) total IgG to spike protein compared to BBIP-CorV.ConclusionBoth natural infection and vaccination with BBIP-CorV and Janssen/Ad26.COV2.S induced antibody response in Congolese population. In addition, Janssen/Ad26.COV2.S was more immunogenic than Sinopharm/BBIP-CorV. There is a need to investigate the duration of these antibodies both in previously infected and naive vaccinated Congolese to allow public heath stakeholders to make evidence-based decision on vaccine schedule for the Congolese population.
Hot spring bathing is associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension among Japanese older adults: A cross-sectional study in Beppu
Authors: Yamasaki Satoshi , Tokunou Tomotake , Maeda Toyoki , Horiuchi Takahiko 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Hot spring bathing is practiced to manage various diseases, including hypertension. We investigated the preventive effects on hypertension of hot spring bathing for older adults in a data analysis using responses to a previous questionnaire with the aim to identify a novel approach in the prevention and management of hypertension.Methods: Among 10428 adults aged ≥65 years, we assessed the hot spring bathing habits in the 4001 subjects with a history of hypertension. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a multivariable logistic regression model for the history of hypertension.Results: In a multivariable logistic regression model, age (≥85 years; OR, 1.410; 95% CI, 1.180–1.690), history of arrythmia (OR, 1.580; 95% CI, 1.380–1.820), stroke (OR, 1.590; 95% CI, 1.280–1.980), gout (OR, 1.900; 95% CI, 1.540–2.330), diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.470; 95% CI, 1.310–1.650), hyperlipidemia (OR, 1.680; 95% CI, 1.490–1.910), renal disease (OR, 1.500; 95% CI, 1.220–1.860) chronic hepatitis (OR, 0.648; 95% CI, 0.494–0.849), and hot spring bathing for 20–29 min (OR, 0.817; 95% CI, 0.715–0.934) and at 19:00 or later (OR, 0.884; 95% CI, 0.715–0.934) were independently and significantly associated with hypertension during the lifetime. Conclusions: These results support our hypothesis that habitual nighttime hot spring bathing is associated with improved hypertension control. The findings suggest that nighttime hot spring bathing might help in preventing hypertension owing to chronic stress-induced sleep disturbance in adults aged >65 years.
The yeast two-component SLN1 pathway and the scaffolding activity of Pbs2 modulate the response to endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by tunicamycin.
Authors: Hernández-Elvira Mariana , Salas-Delgado Griselda , Kawasaki Laura , Domínguez-Martin Eunice , Cruz-Martínez Uriel , Olivares Abiram E. , Torres-Quiroz Francisco , Ongay-Larios Laura , Coria Roberto 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In addition to the UPR pathway, yeast cells require components of the HOG pathway to respond to ER stress. In this work we found that unphosphorylated Sln1 and Ssk1 are required to mount an appropriate response to Tn. We also found that the MAPKKKs Ssk2 participates in the Tn response, but its osmo-redundant protein Ssk22 does not. We also found that the Pbs2 docking sites for Ssk2 (RDS-I and KD) are partially dispensable when mutated separately, however, the prevention of Ssk2 binding to Pbs2, by the simultaneous mutation of RDS-I and KD caused strong sensitivity to Tn. In agreement with the lack of Hog1 phosphorylation during Tn treatment, a moderate resistance to Tn is obtained when a Pbs2 version lacking its kinase activity is expressed, however the presence of mutual Pbs2-Hog1 docking sites is essential for the Tn response. Finally, we detected that Tn induced a transcriptional activation of some components of the SLN1 branch. These results indicate that the Tn response requires a complex formed by the MAPK module and components of the SLN1 branch but not their canonical osmoregulatory activities.
Transcriptomic analysis reveals the role of Oryza sativa FOUR LIPS in response to salt stress in rice
Authors: Zhang Chunxia , Zhang Jie , Liu Huichao , Qu Xiaoxiao , Wang Junxue , He Qixiumei , Zou Junjie , Yang Kezhen , Le Jie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Arabidopsis FOUR LIPS (AtFLP), an R2R3 MYB transcription factor, acts as an important stomatal development regulator. Only one orthologue protein of AtFLP, Oryza sativa FLP (OsFLP), was identified in rice. However, the function of OsFLP is largely unknown. In this study, we conducted RNA-seq and ChIP-seq to investigate the potential role of OsFLP in rice. Our results reveal that OsFLP is probably a multiple functional regulator involved in many biological processes in growth development and stress responses in rice. However, we mainly focus on the role of OsFLP in salt stress response. Consistently, phenotypic analysis under salt stress conditions showed that Osflp exhibited significant sensitivity to salt stress, while OsFLP over-expression lines displayed obvious salt tolerance. Additionally, Yeast one-hybrid assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) showed that OsFLP directly bond to the promoter region of Oryza sativa B-type Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 1;1 ( OsCDKB1;1 ), and the expression of OsCDKB1;1 was repressed in Osflp . Disturbing the expression of OsCDKB1;1 remarkably enhanced the tolerance to salt stresses. Taken together, our findings reveal a crucial function of OsFLP regulating OsCDKB1;1 in salt tolerance and largely extend the knowledge about the role of OsFLP in rice.
Nutritional Assessment of Nonhospitalized Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in 04 Reference Hospitals in Cameroon
Authors: Nga Winnie Tatiana Bekolo , Ndam Antonin Ndjitoyap , Offiala Nadege Atangana , Bagnaka Servais Albert Fiacre Eloumou , Malongue Agnès , Tzeuton Christian , Noah Dominique Noah , Luma Henry Namme , Njoya Oudou , Andoulo Firmin Ankouane 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Protein-energy malnutrition is a common complication in cirrhosis. It is a factor of morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic patients. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of undernutrition in Cameroonian cirrhotic patients.
Methodology:
this was an analytical cross-sectional study over 04 months from December 15, 2019, to April 15, 2020. It was framed at 04 reference hospitals in the cities of Douala and Yaoundé. Patients with cirrhosis aged over 18 who agreed to participate in the study were included. The data collected were clinical and paraclinical. Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), triceps skinfold (TSF), and arm muscle circumference (AMC) were used for nutritional assessment. The associated factors were sought by univariate and multivariate analyses. The significance level was set at 0.05.
Results
Seventy-five patients agreed to participate in our study. The average age was 56+/-15.8 years with extremes ranging from 18 to 80 years. The male gender accounted for 52% (N = 39) of the patients, i.e. a sex ratio of 1.08. The most common etiologies were viral hepatitis B in 50.67% (N = 38) and viral hepatitis C in 48% (N = 36). The most frequent clinical signs were early satiety (N = 47), ascitis (N = 40), anorexia (N = 37). The mean albumin value was 32.2±8.2g/l. The Child-Pugh score was classified as C in 21.3% (N = 16). The prevalence of malnutrition was 46.6% (N = 35), 60% (N = 45) and 94.7% (N = 71) according to SGA, AMC and TSF respectively. The factors associated with malnutrition are a Child-pugh C score (p = 0.00; OR 10.21 [95% CI: 1.23–53.91]), recent hospitalization for > 5 days (p = 0.03 OR 10.1 [95% CI: 2.7-110.6]), anorexia (p = 0.00; OR 4.3 [95% CI: 2-11.8]), the presence of ascites (p = 0.003; OR 20.7 [95% CI: 5.8–101.2]), hypoalbuminemia (p = 0.00; OR 3.3 [95% CI: 0.9–73] and serum creatinine greater than 12mg/l (p = 0.00; OR 4.5 [95% CI: 1.3–10.3]).
Conclusion
The prevalence of malnutrition during cirrhosis was 46.6%, 60%, and 94.7% respectively according to SGA, arm muscle circumference (AMC), and triceps skinfold (TSF). The factors associated with malnutrition are recent hospitalization (> 5 days), anorexia, the presence of ascites, the Child-Pugh C score, hypoalbuminemia, and high creatinine.
Clinical Characteristics And Outcomes Of Patients Hospitalised With Takotsubo Syndrome Triggered By Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Polednikova Karolina , Kozel Martin , Linkova Hana , Novackova Marketa , Minh Duc Trinh , Tousek Petr 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Inflammatory diseases may have important roles in the development of Takotsubo syndrome (TTS). However, the clinical profile and outcomes of patients with TTS triggered by inflammatory diseases have rarely been studied. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the prevalences of inflammatory triggers in patients with TTS and describe the clinical characteristics of such patients. Additionally, this study compared the clinical outcomes of patients with TTS triggered by inflammatory diseases to the clinical outcomes of patients with TTS triggered by other mechanisms.Methods and results: One hundred thirty-two patients were enrolled into the single-centre Takotsubo Registry between October 2013 and May 2021. According to the TTS trigger mechanism, patients were divided into three groups: I (emotional trigger, 34 patients; 31.5%), II (non-inflammatory physical trigger, 36 patients; 33.3%), and III (inflammatory trigger, 38 patients: 35.2%). A clear trigger was not identified in 24 (18.1%) patients.There were no significant differences among groups in terms of clinical characteristics, electrocardiography (ECG) findings, or imaging results (ejection fraction in echocardiography and type of TTS according to ventriculography). The natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level was higher in group III (11320.3 ± 12538.0 ng/l) than in group I (4641.4 ± 5366.4 ng/l; p < 0.04); it did not significantly differ from the level in group II (13366.1 ± 12934.2 ng/l; p = 0.54). Patients in group I had the most favourable outcomes in terms of in-hospital survival and an absence of cardiac events. The rates of adverse cardiac events and in-hospital mortality did not significantly differ between groups II and III (22.2% vs. 15.8%; p = 0.48).Conclusion: Almost one-third of all patients with TTS in this study had an inflammatory trigger. The clinical characteristics and outcomes were comparable between patients with TTS caused by inflammatory triggers and patients with other physical triggers. The best clinical outcomes were observed in patients with TTS caused by an emotional trigger.
Differential escape of neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and pre-emergent sarbecoviruses
Authors: Wang Lin-Fa , Tan Chee Wah , Chia Wan Ni , Zhu Feng , Young Barnaby , Chantasrisawad Napaporn , Hwa Shi-Hsia , Yeoh Aileen Ying-Yan , Lim Beng Lee , Yap Wee Chee , Pada Surinder Kaur , Tan Seow Yen , Jantarabenjakul Watsamon , Chen Shiwei , Zhang Jinyan , Mah Yun Yan , Chen Vivian , Chen Mark , Wacharapluesadee Supaporn , Team COMMIT-KZN , Putcharoen Opass , Lye David 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 lineage, Omicron variant, was first detected in November 2021 and carries 32 amino acid mutations in the spike protein (15 in RBD) and exhibits significant escape of neutralizing antibodies targeting the parental SARS-CoV-2 virus. Here, we performed a high-resolution multiplex (16-plex) surrogate virus neutralization assay covering all major SARS-CoV-2 variants and pre-emergent ACE2-binding sarbecoviruses against 20 different human serum panels from infected, vaccinated and hybrid immune individuals which had vaccine-breakthrough infections or infection followed by vaccination. Among all sarbecoviruses tested, we observed 1.1 to 4.7-, 2.3 to 10.3- and 0.7 to 33.3-fold reduction in neutralization activities to SARS-CoV-2 Beta, Omicron and SARS-CoV-1, respectively. Among the SARS-CoV-2 related sarbecoviruses, it is found that the genetically more distant bat RaTG13 and pangolin GX-P5L sarbecoviruses had less neutralization escape than Omicron. Our data suggest that the SARS-CoV-2 variants emerged from the changed immune landscape of human populations are more potent in escaping neutralizing antibodies, from infection or vaccination, than pre-emergent sarbecoviruses naturally evolved in animal populations with no or less immune selection pressure.
Tuberculosis resistance protein TOLLIP controls immune pathology by resolving the integrated stress response in alveolar macrophages.
Authors: Venkatasubramanian Sambasivan , Plumlee Courtney , Dill-McFarland Kim , Pearson Gemma , Cohen Sara , Lietzke Anne , Pacheco Amanda , Hinderstein Sarah , Soleimanpour Scott , Altman Matthew , Urdahl Kevin , Shah Javeed 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A functional polymorphism responsible for TOLLIP deficiency is associated with increased tuberculosis risk. However, TOLLIP’s role in TB pathogenesis is unknown. We found that Tollip−/− mice develop severe Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) disease, characterized by lipid-laden foamy macrophages. This phenotype was intrinsic to alveolar macrophages (AM), as Tollip−/− AM from mixed bone marrow chimeras selectively accumulated lipid and harbored Mtb. Global gene expression analysis of Mtb-infected, Tollip−/− AM demonstrated increased EIF2 signaling, a key regulator of the integrated stress response (ISR) to variable environmental conditions. The ISR and foam cell formation were linked, as Mtb lipid mycolic acid incubation with Tollip−/− macrophages led to lipid accumulation, ISR responses, and increased Mtb replication. Correspondingly, ISRIB, a small-molecule ISR inhibitor, restored Mtb control in Tollip−/− mice and substantially improved Mtb outcomes in resistant C57BL/6 mice. Targeting the ISR broadly improves Mtb control and immunopathology, offering a promising target for host-directed tuberculosis therapy.
A survey of implicit bias training in physician assistant and nurse practitioner postgraduate fellowship/residency programs
Authors: Kidd Vasco Deon , Spisak Jennifer , Vanderlinden Sarah , Kayingo Gerald 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: There has been renewed focus on advancing inclusivity within organized medicine to reduce health disparities and achieve health equity by addressing the deleterious effects of implicit bias in healthcare and clinical outcomes. It is well documented that negative implicit attitudes and stereotypes perpetuate inequity in healthcare.The aim of this study is to investigate implicit bias training in postgraduate physician assistant (PA) and nurse practitioner (NP) education; describe delivery of content to trainees; and detail program directors’ attitudes toward this type of training. Although there is research examining implicit bias training in physician residency training, there are no published studies on implicit bias training in postgraduate PA and NP postgraduate residency/fellowship programs.Method: A non-experimental, descriptive study was designed to obtain information via survey from members of the Association of Postgraduate Physician Assistant Programs (APPAP).Results: The response rate was 41%. The majority of respondents (76%) felt that PA and NP postgraduate programs should include implicit bias instruction. Educational strategies used by PA and NP postgraduate programs or their sponsoring institution to deliver implicit bias content to trainees include: implicit bias training modules (50%), facilitated group discussions (36%), invited speaker on implicit bias (33%), case studies on implicit bias (16%), and implicit association test (10%); however, 30% of postgraduate programs do not provide implicit bias training to PA and/or NP trainees. Barriers to implementing implicit bias training expressed by some postgraduate programs include: uncertainty in how to incorporate implicit bias training (16%); lack of strategic alignment with training program or sponsoring institution (13%); time constraints (10%); financial constraints (6%); lack of access to content experts (6%); and unfamiliarity with evidence supporting implicit bias training (6%).Conclusion: The present study sheds some light on the current state of implicit bias training in PA and NP postgraduate residency/fellowship programs. While the majority of programs offer some sort of implicit bias training, there is a need to standardize this training in PA and NP postgraduate education curricula using an actionable framework.
Thermally regulated green wall façade
Authors: Gouws Shawn , Gouws Melissa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Green living walls can improve the aesthetical quality of a building and it can create a temperature moderating effect inside a building. Temperature will be monitored on the outside wall, research, and control areas for a 1-year period that will encompass all seasons, sunny, cold and rain to capture temperature data. The captured data will then be utilized to calculated heat flux of the solar energy that are absorb through the wall. The amount of energy losses will be determined from the evaporation process taken place during a summer and winter month.
Age and Cohort Trends in Disability Among Chinese Older Adults
Authors: Pan Chaoping , Cao Na , Kelifa Mohammedhamid Osman 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to examine age and cohort trends in disability among Chinese older adults, and explore the disablement process factors that may explain the cohort trends in disability. Methods: The study used data from five waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study (CLHLS). A hierarchical logistic growth model was used to analyze the A-P-C effects and the contributors of cohort trends. Results: Activity of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental of Activity of Daily Living (IADL), and Functional Limitation (FL) among Chinese older adults showed increasing age and cohort trends. FL was more likely to result in IADL disability than ADL disability. Among the disablement process factors, gender, residence, education, health behavior, disease, and family income contributed to most of the cohort trends in disability. Conclusions: As facing increasing disability trends among older adults, it is necessary to distinguish age and cohort trends, and develop more effective interventions according to relative contributors to prevent disability among older adults.
Substance Availability, Use, and Misuse in Ex-Professional Ice Hockey Enforcers
Authors: Gaetz Michael 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Some ex-professional ice hockey enforcers have experienced negative outcomes following their careers. The purpose of this study was to determine whether athletes who had this role were negatively impacted by substance use and misuse during and/or following their careers. It was hypothesised that given their role in the sport, significant exposure to concussive injury occurred leading to a substantial number of challenges including high levels of post-career substance use.
Methods
This study also utilises a mixed methods quantitative and qualitative approach with one-on-one semi-structured interviews with questions related to substance use/abuse.
Results
This hypothesis for this study was not supported. Participants in this study reported low levels of substance use post-career. Patterns of substance use during career varied by era with a change in use from alcohol and over-the-counter stimulants to opioids, sleep aids, and AAS estimated to occur near the mid to late 1990s. Alcohol misuse was reported by four participants at some point during their careers. Stimulant use was prevalent in the sport pre-mid 1990s. The use of prescription opioid pain medication and sleep aids was reportedly rare before the mid to late 1990s but eventually became easily attainable via team medical staff and prescription sharing. Two participants from the later era also reported the use of AAS.
Discussion
It has been revealed that this sample of ex-professional hockey enforcers experienced a significant number of concussions, continue to have challenges with chronic pain, and were exposed to several unique stressors during their careers, the effects of which may have varied based upon how the role was viewed. The combination of these factors may have led to increased substance use in some of these athletes during their careers.