bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards an understanding of learning within the Norwegian fire and rescue services – focusing on tunnel fire safety
Authors: Bjørnsen Gabriela , Dettweiler Ulrich , Njå Ove , Knudsen Knud 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study how learning within the fire and rescue services may be conceptualized, with special attention paid to tunnel fire safety. Previous studies have developed a model to understand learning in emergency response work. The concept of learning is extended from observed changes in relevant settings to also encompass confirmation of existing knowledge and comprehension of existing practices. We are interested in investigating the properties of the learning model and identifying the mechanisms that influence fire and rescue personnel’s experiences of change, confirmation and/or comprehension.

Design/methodology/approach
This study relies on quantitative data obtained from a questionnaire answered by 939 Norwegian fire and rescue personnel. Multivariate methods have been used to identify the measurement model and the structural relations of the factors.

Findings
The results confirm the theoretical model and indicate that the outcome of learning is influenced by elements of content, context, commitment, decision-making and response and reflection, and that the influence of content and commitment on the outcome of learning is partially indirect and mediated through reflection.

Originality/value
To date, no systematic analysis has been conducted to investigate the factorial structure, as well as the interactions and relationship between the model’s components. This study makes an important contribution to a detailed understanding of learning within the fire and rescue services.
Shareholder heterogeneity, board dicisionmaking process and ambidextrous corporate innovation: evidence from China
Authors: Wu Lidong , Wang Qingyun , Xue Kunkun 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
Shareholder heterogeneity reflects the interactive relationship between shareholder groups of different industries and ownership types. This paper aims to discuss the impact of shareholder heterogeneity on ambidextrous corporate innovation.

Design/methodology/approach
Combining questionnaire and database data, this study empirically analyzes the internal mechanisms of the impact of shareholder heterogeneity on ambidextrous corporate innovation.

Findings
The authors find that shareholder heterogeneity can promote ambidextrous corporate innovation and that board’s decision-making processes play an intermediary role. Specifically, shareholder industry-type heterogeneity promotes ambidextrous corporate innovation by improving procedural rationality in board’s decision-making process, and shareholder ownership-type heterogeneity promotes ambidextrous corporate innovation by improving political behavior in board’s decision-making process. The analysis of the impact degree shows that shareholder industry-type heterogeneity has a greater impact on exploitation innovation, while shareholder ownership-type heterogeneity has a greater impact on exploratory innovation. In addition, the research also shows that shareholder groups dominated by industry-type heterogeneity have an impact on corporate innovation by shaping an engaged board with higher procedural rationality and lower political behavior. Shareholder groups dominated by ownership-type heterogeneity have an impact on corporate innovation by shaping a contested board with higher political behavior and lower procedural rationality.

Originality/value
This study not only enriches the research on shareholder heterogeneity and corporate innovation in the context of transformation but also provides an analytical framework for research on board’s decision-making process.
Avoiding the burst pipeline post-COVID-19: drivers of female academic careers in Australia
Authors: Sharafizad Fleur , Brown Kerry , Jogulu Uma , Omari Maryam 
Published: September 2022

PurposeLiterature around the careers of female academics is targeted mainly toward identifying and examining career progression inhibitors, while the drivers appear largely unexplored. This paper aims to contribute to contemporary knowledge by identifying drivers to the career progression of female academics in Australia. With COVID-19 currently impacting the careers of female academics this knowledge can assist universities and human resource (HR) professionals in developing policies and practices to better facilitate female academic career progression.Design/methodology/approachEmpirically this paper draws on a qualitative study of 18 male and 29 female academics, as well as nine senior university stakeholders. The authors employed semi-structured interviews and a novel methodology, Draw, Write, Reflect.FindingsIn line with attribution theory, senior stakeholders mainly identified organisational efforts, including leadership, gender equity endeavours, recruitment and promotion approaches, as well as a construct known as “relative to opportunity considerations”, as drivers of female academics’ career progression. Female academics, however, largely attributed their career progression to personal factors, such as family support, informal mentoring, and determination and persistence.Practical implicationsThe findings have implications for universities and HR practices seeking to facilitate female academic career progression. Implementation of the drivers identified may enhance female academics’ abilities to progress their careers.Originality/valueBy focussing on the drivers of, rather than the barriers to, female academic careers, the research is novel in its identification of a previously unexplored mismatch between organisational attribution and individual attribution of career progression drivers thereby advancing knowledge of gender differences in academic careers.
Attrition in entry-level ticket sales positions: a survival analysis
Authors: Pierce David Allen , Wanless Elizabeth , Popp Nels , Sattler Liz , Shreffler Megan 
Published: September 2022

PurposeSport ticket sales is often positioned as a “foot in the door” to the sport industry due to ample job opportunities, but anecdotal reports of high turnover raise questions of the efficacy of recruitment, training and retention efforts in sport sales. The purpose of this study was to determine attrition levels among entry-level ticket sales personnel, observe whether entry-level sales positions lead to other non-selling positions within sport organizations and determine if education and market related variables are related to job tenure.Design/methodology/approachLinkedIn profiles were analyzed for 1,122 entry-level ticket salespeople listed in media guides between 2015 and 2019 in the “Big Four” North American professional sports leagues. Names were obtained from 26 NBA, 21 MLB, 20 NHL and 12 NFL teams. Survival analysis provided defection rates and demonstrated the relationship between those rates and key variables.FindingsOne in every four entry-level ticket salespeople defected within the first year and one in every two defected within 26 months. Only 8% moved on from ticket sales to a non-sales role within the sport industry. Increases in cost of living, working for an NFL team and having sport industry experience prior to taking a sales position decreased the likelihood of defecting, while increased distance between the salesperson's university and the team's location increased the likelihood of defecting.Originality/valueThis study applies survival analysis to a sport human relations context to understand turnover in a specific occupational discipline and establishes the turnover rate for sport sales positions.
Rural tourism development between community involvement and residents’ life satisfaction: Tourism Agenda 2030
Authors: Jia Yanju , Liu Rui , Li Ang , Sun Fengzhi , Yeh Ronnie 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
Aiming to investigate the direct and indirect effects of community involvement on residents’ life satisfaction, this study builds a conceptual framework through the mediation effect of perceived impacts and trust in government based on social exchange theory. The moderating effect of place attachment among these variables is proposed and empirically examined.

Design/methodology/approach
The conceptual model and causal relationships were estimated by adopting structural equation modeling, a serial mediation and moderation analysis. A total of 362 valid questionnaire data from residents in five rural tourism communities of China were collected and used for data analysis.

Findings
The results indicate that residents’ community involvement directly influences their life satisfaction and indirectly through perceived benefits and trust in government. Place attachment is also found to moderate the effect of community involvement on residents’ life satisfaction.

Originality/value
This study tests the effect of community involvement on residents’ life satisfaction that evolves from linking community involvement to perceived tourism impacts and trust in government to increase life satisfaction within the rural tourism context. It simultaneously detects place attachment as a moderating variable. The findings of this study can provide valuable insights for rural tourism managers to improve residents’ life satisfaction.
Exaggerated hypoxic vascular breakdown in aged brain due to reduced microglial vasculo‐protection
Authors: Halder Sebok K. , Milner Richard 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn a recent study of young mice, we showed that chronic mild hypoxia (CMH, 8% O2) triggers transient blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and that microglia play an important vasculo‐protective function in maintaining BBB integrity. As hypoxia is a common component of many age‐related diseases, here we extended these studies to aged mice and found that hypoxia‐induced vascular leak was greatly amplified (5‐fold to 10‐fold) in aged mice, being particularly high in the olfactory bulb and midbrain. While aged mice showed no obvious difference in the early stages of hypoxic angiogenic remodeling, the compensatory increase in vascularity and vessel maturation was significantly delayed. Compared with young brain, microglia in the normoxic aged brain were markedly activated, and this was further increased under hypoxic conditions, but paradoxically, this correlated with reduced vasculo‐protection. Microglial depletion studies showed that microglial still play an important vasculo‐protective role in aged brain, but interestingly, partial attenuation of microglial activation with minocycline resulted in fewer vascular leaks and reduced loss of endothelial tight junction proteins. Taken together, these findings suggest that increased BBB disruption in hypoxic aged mice can be explained both by a delayed vascular remodeling response and reduced microglial vasculo‐protection. Importantly, they show that overly activated microglia in the aged brain are less effective at maintaining vascular integrity, though this can be improved by reducing microglial activation with minocycline, suggesting therapeutic potential for enhancing BBB integrity in the hypoxia‐predisposed elderly population.
Natural history and biomarkers of retinal dystrophy caused by the biallelic TULP1 variant c.148delG
Authors: Majander Anna , Sankila Eeva‐Marja , Falck Aura , Vasara Laura Kristiina , Seitsonen Sanna , Kulmala Maarit , Haavisto Anna‐Kaisa , Avela Kristiina , Turunen Joni A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeTo report clinical features and potential disease markers of inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD) caused by the biallelic c.148delG variant in the tubby‐like protein 1 (TULP1) gene.MethodsA retrospective observational study of 16 IRD patients carrying a homozygous pathogenic TULP1 c.148delG variant. Clinical data including fundus spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) were assessed. A meta‐analysis of visual acuity of previously reported other pathogenic TULP1 variants was performed for reference.ResultsThe biallelic TULP1 variant c.148delG was associated with infantile and early childhood onset IRD. Retinal ophthalmoscopy was primarily normal converting to peripheral pigmentary retinopathy and maculopathy characterized by progressive extra‐foveal loss of the ellipsoid zone (EZ), the outer plexiform layer (OPL), and the outer nuclear layer (ONL) bands in the SD‐OCT images. The horizontal width of the foveal EZ showed significant regression with the best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the eye (p < 0.0001, R2 = 0.541, F = 26.0), the age of the patient (p < 0.0001, R2 = 0.433, F = 16.8), and mild correlation with the foveal OPL‐ONL thickness (p = 0.014, R2 = 0.245, F = 7.2). Modelling of the BCVA data suggested a mean annual loss of logMAR 0.027. The level of visual loss was similar to that previously reported in patients carrying other truncating TULP1 variants.ConclusionsThis study describes the progression of TULP1 IRD suggesting a potential time window for therapeutic interventions. The width of the foveal EZ and the thickness of the foveal OPL‐ONL layers could serve as biomarkers of the disease stage.
The efficacy and safety of adding on or switching to peginterferon α‐2b in HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients with long‐term entecavir treatment: a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Hu Qiankun , Qi Xun , Yu Yiqi , Gao Yueqiu , Zhang Xinxin , Wang Qianqian , Zhang Xueyun , Zhuo Yunhui , Li Jing , Zhang Jiming , Chen Liang , Huang Yuxian 
Published: September 2022

SummaryBackground & AimsThe strategies of adding on or switching to peginterferon (PEG‐IFN) improved the serological response rates in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who had previously experienced treatment with nucleos(t)ide analogues. However, robust data on which combination strategy is more effective remain lacking.MethodsIn this multicentre, parallel, open‐label, randomised, controlled trial, patients with HBeAg‐positive CHB who were treated with entecavir ≥2 years, and had hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) <3000 IU/ml, HBeAg <200S/CO and HBV DNA <50 IU/ml were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to add on PEG‐IFN, switch to PEG‐IFN or continue entecavir monotherapy for 48 weeks. The primary endpoint was HBeAg seroconversion at week 48.ResultsA total of 153 patients were randomised into three treatment arms (50 in add‐on, 52 in switch‐to and 51 in monotherapy). Compared with continuous entecavir monotherapy, both add‐on and switch‐to strategies achieved higher rates of HBeAg seroconversion (18.0% vs. 2.0%, p = 0.007; 19.2% vs. 2.0%, p = 0.005, respectively), HBeAg loss (24.0% vs. 5.9%, p = 0.010; 23.1% vs. 5.9%, p = 0.013, respectively), HBsAg < 100 IU/ml (30.0% vs. 0%, p < 0.001; 34.6% vs. 0%, p < 0.001, respectively), and higher HBsAg reduction (−0.90 vs. −0.06 log10IU/ml, p < 0.001; −0.92 vs. −0.06 log10IU/ml, p < 0.001, respectively) at week 48. The efficacy was comparable between add‐on and switch‐to arms (p > 0.05). Adverse events were mainly related to PEG‐IFN but generally tolerable.ConclusionIn patients with CHB who achieved virological response with long‐term entecavir, both adding on and switching to PEG‐IFN are alternative strategies resulting in higher rates of HBeAg seroconversion and HBsAg reduction than continuous entecavir.Clinical trials registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR‐IPR‐17012055).
Early use and production of iron in the northern Shaanxi: A perspective on iron objects excavated from the Yuejiazhuang cemetery site
Authors: Zhang Mengyi , Sun Zhanwei , Chong Jianrong , Ma Jian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractYuejiazhuang is a cemetery site of Qin people in the Northern Shaanxi, China, and it is dated to the mid‐late Warring States Period. Ninety‐two iron objects were excavated from the Yuejiazhuang cemetery site, which provide an opportunity to understand the use and production of iron in the Northern Shaanxi. The metallurgical and statistical study has revealed that bloomery iron, cast iron, and steel made from cast iron were adopted in the Northern Shaanxi during the mid‐late Warring States Period. In the meanwhile, cast iron and steel made from cast iron became dominant in the Northern Shaanxi.
Development of the dorsal and anal fin in Kneria stappersii (Otomorpha: Gonorynchiformes)
Authors: Koch Ann‐Katrin , Moritz Timo , Thieme Philipp 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe order Gonorynchiformes was repeatedly studied to gain new insights into the evolution of its sister‐taxon, the Otophysi, the most successful freshwater fish taxon worldwide. Previous ontogenetic studies of gonorynchiforms mainly focused on the anterior vertebral column to investigate the evolutionary origin of the Weberian apparatus. Herein, we highlight the ontogeny of a different skeletal complex, the dorsal and anal fins. We studied the development of the skeletal elements of both fins in the gonorynchiform Kneria stappersii. We gained new insights into the developmental and formation patterns of K. stappersii. We discuss these patterns as well as the development of certain elements like the fin stay in comparison to other gonorynchiforms and available otomorph data. In general, the fin development in K. stappersii is very similar to that of other gonorynchiforms and even otomorphs. Specific differences, however, reveal that much remains unknown about the evolution of median fin elements such as the fin stay.
Efficacy of pancreatic duct stenting to prevent postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis after covered self‐expandable metal stent deployment
Authors: Toyonaga Haruka , Hayashi Tsuyoshi , Yamazaki Hajime , Hama Kazuki , Iwano Kosuke , Nakamura Risa , Ando Ryo , Shimizu Takao , Ishii Tatsuya , Kin Toshifumi , Takahashi Kuniyuki , Katanuma Akio 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesAlthough covered self‐expandable metal stents (CSEMSs) are associated with the risk of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis due to pancreatic duct (PD) orifice obstruction, they are often used for biliary drainage treatment in malignant biliary obstruction (MBO). This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of PD stenting in preventing post‐ERCP pancreatitis after CSEMS implantation.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed 554 patients with transpapillary CSEMS for MBO. Patients with noninitial deployment, benign disease, CSEMS deployment above the papilla, surgically altered anatomy, uncovered self‐expandable metal stents, multiple thin self‐expandable metal stents, and unavailable procedure videos were excluded. Logistic regression analysis estimated the association between PD stenting and post‐ERCP pancreatitis incidence. We adjusted for age, sex, pancreatitis history, prophylactic rectal nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug use, naïve papilla, MBO etiology, and prolonged biliary cannulation time.ResultsAmong 554 patients, 67 (12.1%) experienced post‐ERCP pancreatitis. Post‐ERCP pancreatitis was recorded in 13.7% of patients in the non‐PD stenting and 4.3% in the PD stenting groups. Pancreatic duct stenting was associated with lower risks of post‐ERCP pancreatitis (odds ratio [OR] 0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.099–0.79; P = 0.028). In multivariable analysis, the association between PD stenting and lower post‐ERCP pancreatitis incidence was consistent (OR 0.19; 95% CI 0.062–0.58; P = 0.0034).ConclusionsPancreatic duct stenting could reduce the risk of post‐ERCP pancreatitis after CSEMSs.
Can endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography‐related procedures for resolving acute cholangitis be effectively and safely performed in patients with surgically altered anatomy? Comparison study to evaluate the timing of short‐type single‐balloon enteroscopy‐assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Tanisaka Yuki , Mizuide Masafumi , Fujita Akashi , Jinushi Ryuhei , Shiomi Rie , Shin Takahiro , Hirata Dai , Terada Rie , Tashima Tomoaki , Mashimo Yumi , Ryozawa Shomei 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesBalloon enteroscopy (BE)‐assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)‐related procedures to resolve acute cholangitis (AC) in patients with surgically altered anatomy (SAA) are limited. There is a lack of evidence on whether the timing of BE‐assisted ERCP affects clinical outcomes in patients with AC. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of short‐type single‐balloon enteroscopy (short SBE)‐assisted ERCP in patients with SAA and AC.MethodsPatients with AC who underwent short SBE‐assisted ERCP procedures between September 2011 and April 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The outcomes of procedures undergone at ≤24 h and >24 h were compared. The primary outcome was the length of stay (LOS).ResultsOverall, 56 patients underwent procedures at ≤24 h, and 58 patients at >24 h. The procedural success and adverse event rates of short SBE‐assisted ERCP were 87.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 80.3–93.1%) and 4.4% (95% CI 1.4–9.9%), respectively. Patients with severe (Grade III) AC and systemic inflammatory response syndrome were more in early (at ≤24 h) ERCP groups. LOS and median time from ERCP procedures to discharge were shorter in the early group. Procedural success and adverse event rates between both groups had no significant differences. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that ERCP performed at ≤24 h was associated with shorter LOS, while severe cholangitis and malignant biliary obstruction were associated with longer LOS.ConclusionsShort SBE‐assisted ERCP is effective and safe in patients with SAA and AC. Early procedures seemed to attribute early improvement of general condition, thus shortening the LOS.