bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interface Modification Uncovers the Potential Application of SnO2/TiO2 Double Electron Transport Layer in Efficient Cadmium‐Free Sb2Se3 Devices
Authors: Wang Weihuang , Yao Liquan , Dong Jiabin , Wu Li , Cao Zixiu , Hui Li , Chen Guilin , Luo Jingshan , Zhang Yi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn undesirable p–n heterojunction interface of Sb2Se3 absorber with Cd‐free electron transport layer (ETL) is one of the key problems hindering the efficiency improvement of Sb2Se3 solar cell. Herein, a promising SnO2/TiO2 ETL coupled with SbCl3 treatment is introduced to improve the performance of Sb2Se3 solar cell. The mechanism of SbCl3 treatment on the crystal orientation of Sb2Se3 thin film and the p–n heterojunction interface of Sb2Se3 solar cell is disclosed combined with different characterization methods. The carrier transport property for Sb2Se3 thin film is enhanced, and the conduction band offset (CBO) of TiO2/Sb2Se3 interface is reduced from 0.57 to 0.20 eV by forming Sb2O3 interlayer at TiO2/Sb2Se3 interface after SbCl3 treatment, by which the interface recombination and the open circuit voltage deficit of the device can be effectively decreased, and the interface bonding at TiO2/Sb2Se3 interface can be effectively improved. Ultimately, the Cd‐free Sb2Se3 solar cell with configuration of ITO/SnO2/TiO2/Sb2Se3/Au achieves an efficiency of 5.82%, which is the highest efficiency in vapor transport deposition (VTD)‐processed Cd‐free Sb2Se3 solar cell at present. This work is expected to fill in the blank of VTD‐processed Cd‐free Sb2Se3 solar cell and offers a valuable reference for future band alignment of Sb2Se3 solar cell.
Heterostructured Ov‐Mn2O3@Cu2SnS3@SnS Composite as Battery‐Type Cathode Material for Extrinsic Self‐Charging Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Karuppaiah Murugesan , Sakthivel Perumal , Asaithambi Sankaiya , Sriram Balasubramanian , Ahamad Tansir , Alshehri Saad M. , Yuvakkumar Rathinam , Ravi Ganesan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this work, self‐charging pouch‐type hybrid supercapacitor (HSCs) is fabricated by extrinsic integration of wind and solar energy power systems. Initially, the synthesized mesoporous 3D‐rhombohedral Mn2O3 shows a specific capacity of 37.61 mA h g−1 in KOH plus redox additives electrolyte. Further, the oxygen vacancy of Mn2O3 is tuned by fast‐reduction (FR) and mild‐reduction (MR) techniques. The rich oxygen vacancy of FR‐Mn2O3 (rich Ov‐Mn2O3) exhibits a specific capacity of 66.64 mA h g−1. On the other hand, the different morphologies of Cu2SnS3@SnS are synthesized by time‐dependent solvothermal technique. The 3D‐microsphere Cu2SnS3@SnS shows higher electrochemical performance than the others. In order to further improve the electrochemical performance, the heterostructure of rich Ov‐Mn2O3@Cu2SnS3@SnS composite is prepared that provides a maximum specific capacity of 126.07 mA h g−1 at 8 mA cm−2 and rate capability of 66.09% with retention of 93.89% after 10 000 cycles. This is ascribing to high electrical/ionic conductivity, larger faradaic reactions, lower interfacial resistance, and synergistic effect. Then, the fabricated pouch‐type HSC delivers a maximum specific energy density of 47.97 Wh kg−1 and power density of 5120 W kg−1. Finally, the pouch HSCs are employed for practical self‐charging applications.
Fabrication of Superamphiphobic Surfaces via Spray Coating; a Review
Authors: Abu Jarad Noor , Imran Hiba , Imani Sara M. , Didar Tohid F. , Soleymani Leyla 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSuperamphiphobic coatings that simultaneously repel both water and oil and are applicable to a wide range of surfaces are needed for use in self‐cleaning, anti‐icing, and antimicrobial coatings. Spray coating is a method that can be used to apply such coatings to a wide range of surfaces in a scalable and high throughput manner. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the materials architecture, synthesis, applications, and figures‐of‐merit of superamphiphobic surfaces that are deposited using spray coating. The design requirements of superamphiphobic surfaces—surface roughness and wettability, re‐entrant topographic features, and chemical composition—are initially introduced. Based on the material, different synthesis techniques are then discussed with a focus on metal oxides and metal oxide composites, polymers, emerging, and green materials. The areas of application of superamphiphobic coatings are also presented. Finally, the main hurdles in using such coatings in real‐life applications are discussed in depth, and emerging technologies for overcoming these challenges are presented.
Epitaxial Growth of 2D Ternary Copper–Indium–Selenide Nanoflakes for High‐Performance Near‐Infrared Photodetectors
Authors: Gan Haibo , Hao Qiaoyan , Liu Jidong , Li Peng , Qi Dianyu , Liu Fei , Lei Ting , Zhang Wenjing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract2D semiconductors are promising for future photodetectors because of their dangling‐bond‐free surface, atomic thickness, tunable bandgap, high mobility, and flexible nature. However, the low light absorption is one of the main limits for the practical applications of 2D materials. Lots of efforts have been taken to optimize the light absorption, for example, constructing heterojunctions and exploring more photo‐sensitive 2D materials. Here, the epitaxial growth of layered copper–indium–selenide (CIS) nanoflakes is realized by chemical vapor deposition. The CIS nanoflakes are identified as β‐CuIn5Se8 with size of tens of micrometers and thickness in the range of 3.8 to 45 nm. The CIS nanoflakes show n‐type behavior with field effect mobility of up to 30.4 cm2 V−1 s−1 and an on/off ratio of 109. In addition, the CIS nanoflakes are ultra‐sensitive in the visible and near‐infrared region (450–1240 nm). They exhibit high photoresponsivity (1.6 × 103 A W−1), high external quantum efficiency (2.2 × 105%), and high specific detectivity (5.3 × 1012 Jones) irradiated by a 900‐nm laser. These performances are competitive among the current 2D materials, suggesting that this type of CIS shows potential for future near‐infrared photodetector applications.
A Three‐Component Reaction to Construct β‐Aminonitroso‐α‐Diazocarbonyl Compounds under Metal‐Free Conditions
Authors: Chen Rongxiang , Lan Jihong , Li Feng , Wang Kai‐Kai , Xue Yinghui , Xu Canran , Liu Lantao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA procedure for the transition‐metal‐free three‐component reaction of 1,3,5‐triazines, diazo compounds and tert‐butyl nitrite has been described. This reaction goes through tandem nucleophilic attack to generate synthetically important β‐aminonitroso‐α‐diazocarbonyl compounds in moderate to good yields. This protocol is distinguished by the use of readily available starting materials, wide substrate scope and operational simplicity. Notably, a N−N bond and a C−C bond were formed simultaneously.magnified image
Receptor Induced Doping of Conjugated Polymer Transistors: A Strategy for Selective and Ultrasensitive Phosphate Detection in Complex Aqueous Environments
Authors: Benasco Anthony R. , Tropp Joshua , Kaphle Vikash , Chen Yusheng , Zhao Wei , Eedugurala Naresh , Ng Tse Nga , Flood Amar H. , Azoulay Jason D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPhosphate oxyanions play central roles in biological, agricultural, industrial, and ecological processes. Their high hydration energies and dynamic properties present a number of critical challenges limiting the development of sensing technologies that are cost‐effective, selective, sensitive, field‐deployable, and which operate in real‐time within complex aqueous environments. Here, a strategy that enables the fabrication of an electrolyte‐gated organic field‐effect transistor (EGOFET) is demonstrated, which overcomes these challenges and enables sensitive phosphate quantification in challenging aqueous environments such as seawater. The device channel comprises a composite layer incorporating a diketopyrrolopyrrole‐based semiconducting polymer and a π‐conjugated penta‐t‐butylpentacyanopentabenzo[25]annulene “cyanostar” receptor capable of oxyanion recognition and embodies a new concept, where the receptor synergistically enhances the stability and transport characteristics via doping. Upon exposure of the device to phosphate, a current reduction is observed, consistent with dedoping upon analyte binding. Sensing studies demonstrate ultrasensitive and selective phosphate detection within remarkably low limits of detection of 178 × 10−12 m (17.3 parts per trillion) in buffered samples and stable operation in seawater. This receptor‐based doping strategy, in conjunction with the versatility of EGOFETs for miniaturization and monolithic integration, enables manifold opportunities in diagnostics, healthcare, and environmental monitoring.
Anthracene‐Bridged Sensitizers for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells with 37% Efficiency under Dim Light
Authors: Chen Ching‐Chin , Nguyen Vinh Son , Chiu Hsiao‐Chi , Chen Yan‐Da , Wei Tzu‐Chien , Yeh Chen‐Yu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNew anthracene‐bridged organic dyes CXC12 and CXC22 are designed and synthesized for high‐efficiency dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) under dim light. Compared to their parent dye TY6, CXC dyes have additional anthracene‐acetylene group to extend the π‐conjugation of the molecules, resulting in red‐shifted absorption and an enhanced molar extinction coefficient. The absorption spectra of CXC12 and CXC22 with a maximum located at 561 and 487 nm, respectively, match to those of AM 1.5G sunlight and T5 fluorescent light better than that of TY6 (419 nm). It was initially anticipated that long alkoxyl chains introduced to the 2,6‐position of the bridged anthracenyl in CXC12 will retard charge recombination and dye molecular aggregation, and achieve a higher device open‐circuit voltage. However, adsorption of CXC12 molecules on the photoanode dramatically decrease to less than half as compared to that of CXC22 and TY6, resulting in lower short‐circuit current and thus power conversion efficiency. Among these three anthracene‐based dyes, CXC22 has the most appropriate molecular structure for light harvesting and striking the balance between dye loading and molecular aggregation, to exhibit a remarkable power conversion efficiency as high as 37.07% under dim‐light. Therefore, this work shows the potential of anthracene‐bridged organic dyes for indoor photovoltaic applications.
Aging into Medicare among a senior food pantry population: An assessment of food pantry visit patterns and food security over time
Authors: Martinez‐Miller Erline E. , Leonard Tammy , Pruitt Sandi L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe examined the association of Medicare eligibility with seeking charitable food assistance and food security status among low‐income senior clients (≥60 years) of a food pantry in Dallas, Texas. We used sharp regression discontinuity to examine the impact of aging into Medicare on food pantry visit patterns among nondisabled senior households, and log‐binomial regression to assess the association between Medicare‐eligible visits and food security status. Medicare eligibility was associated with more food pantry visits and improved food security. Medicare eligibility may improve food security among seniors, potentially attributable to increased food pantry use after aging into Medicare.
Research gaps and needs for preventing worker fatigue in the transportation and utilities industries
Authors: Sieber W. Karl , Chen Guang X. , Krueger Gerald P. , Lincoln Jennifer E. , Menéndez Cammie C. , O'Connor Mary B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe transportation and utilities industries include establishments engaged in the movement of passengers and freight, or the provision of public power, water, and other services. Along with the warehousing industry, they make up the US National Occupational Research Agenda's Transportation, Warehousing and Utilities (TWU) industry sector. In 2018 the sector composed 5% of the US workforce, with approximately 8 million workers. TWU workers experienced 19% of all fatalities among U.S. workers in 2018 and 7% of total occupational injuries and illnesses.MethodsAround‐the‐clock operations, heavy workloads, long and irregular shifts, complicated schedules, and time pressures characterize work across the US TWU sector. However, there are considerable differences in worker priorities and concerns between TWU industries. Major areas of concern within the sector include disparities in work schedules; required training for employee fatigue awareness and prevention; physical and mental job demands; and safety culture.ResultsStrategies for fatigue mitigation are critical to reduce the prevalence of injuries, safety‐critical events, and crashes in TWU workers. Further research on the incidence and characterization of fatigue among TWU workers will guide the development of effective mitigation strategies. The influence of work scheduling on missed sleep opportunities and disrupted circadian rhythms should be determined. Evaluation of fatigue mitigation strategies can lead to the adoption of the most effective ones for each TWU industry.ConclusionImplementation of effective strategies is critical for the health, safety, wellbeing, and productivity of workers in the TWU sector.
Immunochemical biosensor for single virus particle detection based on molecular crowding polyelectrolyte system
Authors: Baldina Anna A. , Nikolaev Konstantin G. , Ivanov Artemii S. , Nikitina Anna A. , Rubtsova Maya Yu. , Vorovitch Mikhail F. , Ishmukhametov Aydar A. , Egorov Alex M. , Skorb Ekaterina V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo improve the effectiveness of the viral infection diagnostic, we offer a new approach of immunochemical biosensors to determine single viral particles by specific antibodies. The antibodies are immobilized on the electrodes in a three‐dimensional polymer matrix with several layers of polyelectrolytes on the screen‐printed carbon electrode. Non‐covalent immobilization of antibodies in successive layers of positively charged polyethyleneimine (PEI) and negatively charged polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) achieves the effect of macromolecular crowding. Such an immobilization approach promotes the preservation of the optimal conformation and antibody active center mobility for interaction with large virion particles. We established an electrochemical biosensor for tick‐borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) detection to demonstrate the method's applicability. Under the optimized architecture of the 3D‐matrix, including a combination of two layers of a positively charged PEI with antibodies and the last layer of a negatively charged PSS, the assay is characterized by an extremely low limit of detection (LOD). This LOD could be as few as five viral particles in a sample volume of 5 μl, which is two orders of magnitude lower than conventional ELISA with the same reagents. The advantage of the biosensor is also a wide linear range of detection from 103 to 109 viral particles/ml. The proposed principle for determining virion particles is well suited to novel express diagnostics and Point‐of‐Care viral infections detection.
Effect of mechanical properties on the self‐healing behavior of waterborne polyurethane coatings
Authors: Zhang Aiqin , Li Jing , Fan Haojun , Xiang Jun , Wang Li , Yan Jun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe effect of structural parameters such as hard segment content and cross‐linking degree on the mechanical properties of waterborne self‐healing polyurethane and the effect of tensile strength, self‐healing conditions (temperature, time) on the self‐healing properties were investigated. These results demonstrated that as the increasing of the content of hard segments/the cross‐linking agent, the tensile strength of the sample increased and the self‐healing performance exhibited a downward trend. When the tensile strength reached 40 MPa, it could hardly healed, even if prolonging the self‐healing time or increasing the self‐healing temperature. Mechanism study demonstrated that the self‐healing ability was attributed to the dynamic exchange of disulfide bonds and the thermal reversibility of hydrogen bonds in the system. Hydrogen bonding could provide the initial self‐healing force and promote the dynamic exchange reaction of disulfide bonds, while high hydrogen bonding is not conducive to the movement of macromolecular segments, causing a decrease in the self‐healing efficiency.
Checkpoint inhibitor/interleukin‐based combination therapy of cancer
Authors: Mortezaee Keywan , Majidpoor Jamal 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundImmunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is the current focus in cancer immunotherapy. However, issues are raised in the area, as the recent studies showed that such therapeutic modality suffers from low durability and low or no efficacy for patients with some tumor types including cases with non‐inflamed or cold cancers. Therefore, efforts have been made to solve the issue using immune combination therapy, such as the use of immunocytokines. The combination of ICI with interleukins (ILs) and IL‐targeting agents is now under consideration in the area of therapy, and the primary results are promising.PurposeThe focus of this review is to discuss the possibility of using ILs and IL‐targeting drugs in combination with ICI in cancer immunotherapy and describing recent advances in the field using PEGylated ILs and fusion proteins. The key focus in this area is to reduce adverse events and to increase the efficacy and durability of such combination therapy.
Cerebellar infarction as the initial presentation of IgG4‐related disease
Authors: Ireifej Branden , Dhamrah Umaima , Song David , Bitar Joyce , Jaiswal Vikash , Nepal Gaurav , Pathak Nibesh , Freijat Majd 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough IgG4‐RD has CNS manifestations, cerebellar involvement has only been reported in three cases. Our patient presented with cerebellar symptoms, several cerebellar infarcts were evident on the brain MRI, and CT abdomen revealed retroperitoneal tumor. Endoscopic biopsy confirmed IgG4‐RD. Steroids are the first‐line therapy for IgG4‐RD, but our patient was lost to follow‐up before treatment.
Highly Porous Gold Electrodes – Preparation and Characterization
Authors: Othman Ali , Bilan Hubert K. , Katz Evgeny , Smutok Oleh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGold screen printed electrodes (Au‐SPEs) were treated electrochemically to produce a micro‐rough pattern increasing the real electrode surface. The procedure based on the Dynamic Hydrogen Bubble Template (DHBT) method included electrochemical deposition of Au layers onto the surface of the Au‐SPEs, followed by a reductive process at −3 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) leading to formation of H2 bubbles, which produced pores in the Au multilayer. The morphology of the micro‐porous Au electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface mapping, surface profilometry, and confocal microscopy. The electrode surface morphology was controlled by the time of the electrode reductive treatment (H2 evolution) and the optimized condition resulting in the best surface structuring was found. Notably, the surface roughness leading to the highest electrode surface area was significantly increased compared to previously reported results with Au‐SPEs.
Photochemical and Electrochemical Strategies for Hydrodefluorination of Fluorinated Organic Compounds
Authors: Yan Guobing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHydrodefluorination (HDF) is a very important fundamental transformation for conversion of the C−F bond into the C−H bond in organic synthesis. In the past decade, much progress has been achieved with HDF through the utility of low‐valent metals, transition‐metal complexes and main‐group Lewis acids. Recently, novel methods have been introduced for this purpose through photo‐ and electrochemical pathways, which are of great significance, due to their considerable environmental and economical advantages. This Review highlights the HDF of fluorinated organic compounds (FOCs) through photo‐ and electrochemical strategies, along with mechanistic insights.
Integrated Multiscale Modeling of Solid Oxide Electrodes, Cells, Stacks, and Systems
Authors: Banerjee Aayan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn integrated multiscale multiphysics framework to model solid oxide electrochemical cell systems is discussed. The framework directly couples electrode, single cell, stack, and system models using a hierarchical approach with minimal loss of information across the scales. The success of the model framework in better understanding solid oxide cells at the microscale and the industrial scale showcases it as a powerful tool for the rational design and upscaling of novel lab‐scale materials and devices for next‐generation chemical and electrochemical technologies.
Revealing Formaldehyde Fluxes in Alzheimer's Disease Brain by an Activity‐Based Fluorescence Probe
Authors: Wang Pengzhan , Cheng Xianhua , Xiong Jianhua , Mao Zhiqiang , Liu Zhihong 
Published: March 2022

Comprehensive SummaryFormaldehyde (FA) plays critical roles in Alzheimer's disease and the associations between FA and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are still obscure. To reveal FA fluxes in the Alzheimer's disease brain, an activity‐based fluorescence probe NP‐FA with superb blood‐brain barrier permeable abilities was exquisitely designed. The probe responded to FA with significant fluorescence increases (F/F0 = 81), thus laying the foundation for the sensitive detection of FA in cuvette and in vivo. Moreover, the probe also possessed some fascinating performances, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐targeting abilities, good one‐photon/two‐photon absorption properties, and appropriate hydrophobicity property (log P = 2.34 ± 0.05). As a result, the probe can readily reflect the overproduction of FA content in live cells under ER stress by high‐fidelity two‐photon imaging. More interestingly, ex vivo imaging of AD brains and two‐photon imaging of AD slice tissues visually disclosed that the FA level of AD brain is much higher than that of the normal brain. This work afforded a specific activity‐based probe for the imaging of FA in the AD mouse brains, which could be further extended to FA‐related studies in Alzheimer's disease.
Cavotricuspid isthmus ablation guided by force‐time integral – A randomized study
Authors: Asvestas Dimitrios , Sousonis Vasileios , Kotsovolis George , Karanikas Stavros , Xintarakou Anastasia , Sakadakis Eleftherios , Rigopoulos Angelos G. , Kalogeropoulos Andreas S. , Vardas Panos , Tzeis Stylianos 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundForce‐time integral (FTI) is an ablation marker of lesion quality and transmurality. A target FTI of 400 gram‐seconds (gs) has been shown to improve durability of pulmonary vein isolation, following atrial fibrillation ablation. However, relevant targets for cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation are lacking.HypothesisWe sought to investigate whether CTI ablation with 600 gs FTI lesions is associated with reduced rate of transisthmus conduction recovery compared to 400 gs lesions.MethodsFifty patients with CTI‐dependent flutter were randomized to ablation using 400 gs (FTI400 group, n = 26) or 600 gs FTI lesions (FTI600 group, n = 24). The study endpoint was spontaneous or adenosine‐mediated recovery of transisthmus conduction, after a 20‐min waiting period.ResultsThe study endpoint occurred in five patients (19.2%) in group FTI400 and in four patients (16.7%) in group FTI600, p = .81. First‐pass CTI block was similar in both groups (50% in FTI400 vs. 54.2% in FTI600, p = .77). There were no differences in the total number of lesions, total ablation time, procedure time and fluoroscopy duration between the two groups. There were no major complications in any group. In the total population, patients not achieving first‐pass CTI block had significantly higher rate of acute CTI conduction recovery, compared to those with first‐pass block (29.2% vs. 7.7% respectively, p = .048).ConclusionsCTI ablation using 600 gs FTI lesions is not associated with reduced spontaneous or adenosine‐mediated recurrence of transisthmus conduction, compared to 400 gs lesions.