bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of health-related quality of life after coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Kim Hwasoon , Bae Sun Hyoung , Lim Sang-Hyun , Park Jin-Hee 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHealth-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a multifactorial concept in assessing physical and mental health. This study was performed to evaluate the HRQOL of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and the predictors of HRQOL in patients until 1 year after surgery. This cross-sectional study included 110 consecutive patients who underwent elective CABG in a medical center in South Korea. The Short-Form Health Survey, cardiac symptom survey, cardiac self-efficacy, and the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-12 were used to measure the HRQOL, symptom experience, self-efficacy, and social support, respectively. The regression model explained 42% of the variance in the participants' physical HRQOL. The predictors of the physical HRQOL include the presence of a spouse, post-CABG duration, symptom experience, and self-efficacy. The regression model explained 36% of the variance in the participants' mental HRQOL. The predictors of the mental HRQOL included perceived health status, self-efficacy, and social support. The predictive factors for HRQOL after CABG were the presence of a spouse, post-CABG duration, symptom experience, self-efficacy, and social support. Furthermore, a suitable program and nursing interventions could be implemented to improve the HRQOL of post-CABG patients.
Prophylactic administration of miR-451 inhibitor decreases osteoarthritis severity in rats
Authors: Scott Kayla M. , Cohen D. Joshua , Nielson Dane W. , Kim Gloria , Olson Lucas C. , McClure Michael J. , Grinstaff Mark W. , Boyan Barbara D. , Schwartz Zvi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTransfection of chondrocytes with microRNA-451(miR-451), present in growth zone cartilage of the growth plate, upregulates production of enzymes association with extracellular matrix degradation. miR-451 is also present in articular cartilage and exacerbates IL-1β effects in articular chondrocytes. Moreover, when osteoarthritis (OA) was induced in Sprague Dawley rats via bilateral anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT), miR-451 expression was increased in OA cartilage compared to control, suggesting its inhibition might be used to prevent or treat OA. To examine the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of inhibiting miR-451, we evaluated treatment with miR-451 power inhibitor (451-PI) at the onset of joint trauma and treatment after OA had developed. The prophylactic animal cohort received twice-weekly intra-articular injections of either 451-PI or a negative control (NC-PI) beginning on post-surgical day 3. OA was allowed to develop for 24 days in the therapeutic cohort before beginning injections. All rats were killed on day 45. Micro-CT, histomorphometrics, OARSI scoring, and muscle force testing were performed on samples. 451-PI mitigated OA progression compared to NC-PI limbs in the prophylactic cohort based on histomorphometric analysis and OARSI scoring, but no differences were detected by micro-CT. 451-PI treatment beginning 24 days post-surgery was not able to reduce OA severity. Prophylactic administration of 451-PI mitigates OA progression in a post-trauma ACLT rat model supporting its potential to prevent OA development following an ACLT injury clinically.
MHD Casson carbon nanotube flow with mass and heat transfer under thermosolutal Marangoni convection in a porous medium: analytical solution
Authors: Vishalakshi A. B. , Mahabaleshwar U. S. , Hatami M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCurrent work portrays the flow of Marangoni convection Magneto hydrodynamics Casson fluid with carbon nanotubes under the effect of transpiration and radiation. The carbon nanotube particles namely water-single wall carbon nanotubes are inserted in the fluid to enhance better thermal efficiency. This type of flow problems is applicable for real life situations such as drying of silicon wafers, glues, crystal growth and heat exchangers and so on. The ordinary differential equations (ODEs) form of the result is yield to convert partial differential equations of the given equation by using similarity variables. Then this resulting ODEs are solved analytically, firstly using momentum equation to get solution domain and then by using this domain the energy equation solved to get the temperature profile in terms of Laguerre polynomial. Additionally, mass transpiration is also solved to get the concentration profile in terms of Laguerre polynomial. By using the different controlling parameters, the results can be discussed. And the effect of this parameters are discussed by using graphical arrangements. The newness of the present work is to explain the physically flow problem on the basis of chemically radiative thermosolutal Marangoni convective fluid.
Deep leaning-based ultra-fast stair detection
Authors: Wang Chen , Pei Zhongcai , Qiu Shuang , Tang Zhiyong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStaircases are some of the most common building structures in urban environments. Stair detection is an important task for various applications, including the environmental perception of exoskeleton robots, humanoid robots, and rescue robots and the navigation of visually impaired people. Most existing stair detection algorithms have difficulty dealing with the diversity of stair structure materials, extreme light and serious occlusion. Inspired by human perception, we propose an end-to-end method based on deep learning. Specifically, we treat the process of stair line detection as a multitask involving coarse-grained semantic segmentation and object detection. The input images are divided into cells, and a simple neural network is used to judge whether each cell contains stair lines. For cells containing stair lines, the locations of the stair lines relative to each cell are regressed. Extensive experiments on our dataset show that our method can achieve 81.49$$\%$$
%
accuracy, 81.91$$\%$$
%
recall and 12.48 ms runtime, and our method has higher performance in terms of both speed and accuracy than previous methods. A lightweight version can even achieve 300+ frames per second with the same resolution.
Phospholipid synthesis inside phospholipid membrane vesicles
Authors: Eto Sumie , Matsumura Rumie , Shimane Yasuhiro , Fujimi Mai , Berhanu Samuel , Kasama Takeshi , Kuruma Yutetsu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConstruction of living artificial cells from genes and molecules can expand our understanding of life system and establish a new aspect of bioengineering. However, growth and division of cell membrane that are basis of cell proliferation are still difficult to reconstruct because a high-yielding phospholipid synthesis system has not been established. Here, we developed a cell-free phospholipid synthesis system that combines fatty acid synthesis and cell-free gene expression system synthesizing acyltransferases. The synthesized fatty acids were sequentially converted into phosphatidic acids by the cell-free synthesized acyltransferases. Because the system can avoid the accumulation of intermediates inhibiting lipid synthesis, sub-millimolar phospholipids could be synthesized within a single reaction mixture. We also performed phospholipid synthesis inside phospholipid membrane vesicles, which encapsulated all the components, and showed the phospholipids localized onto the mother membrane. Our approach would be a platform for the construction of self-reproducing artificial cells since the membrane can grow sustainably.
Weather stressors correlate with Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica persister formation rates in the phyllosphere: a mathematical modeling study
Authors: Brandl Maria T , Ivanek Renata , Zekaj Nerion , Belias Alexandra , Wiedmann Martin , Suslow Trevor V , Allende Ana , Munther Daniel S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Enteric pathogens can enter a persister state in which they survive exposure to antibiotics and physicochemical stresses. Subpopulations of such phenotypic dormant variants have been detected in vivo and in planta in the laboratory, but their formation in the natural environment remains largely unexplored. We applied a mathematical model predicting the switch rate to persister cell in the phyllosphere to identify weather-related stressors associated with E. coli and S. enterica persister formation on plants based on their population dynamics in published field studies from the USA and Spain. Model outputs accurately depicted the bi-phasic decay of bacterial population sizes measured in the lettuce and spinach phyllosphere in these studies. Predicted E. coli persister switch rate on leaves was positively and negatively correlated with solar radiation intensity and wind velocity, respectively. Likewise, predicted S. enterica persister switch rate correlated positively with solar radiation intensity; however, a negative correlation was observed with air temperature, relative humidity, and dew point, factors involved in water deposition onto the phylloplane. These findings suggest that specific environmental factors may enrich for dormant bacterial cells on plants. Our model quantifiably links persister cell subpopulations in the plant habitat with broader physical conditions, spanning processes at different granular scales.
Do Voice-Based Judgments of Socially Relevant Speaker Traits Differ Across Speech Types?
Authors: Groyecka-Bernard Agata , Pisanski Katarzyna , Frąckowiak Tomasz , Kobylarek Aleksander , Kupczyk Piotr , Oleszkiewicz Anna , Sabiniewicz Agnieszka , Wróbel Monika , Sorokowski Piotr 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
The human voice is a powerful and evolved social tool, with hundreds of studies showing that nonverbal vocal parameters robustly influence listeners' perceptions of socially meaningful speaker traits, ranging from perceived gender and age to attractiveness and trustworthiness. However, these studies have utilized a wide variety of voice stimuli to measure listeners' voice-based judgments of these traits. Here, in the largest scale study known to date, we test whether listeners judge the same unseen speakers differently depending on the complexity of the neutral speech stimulus, from single vowel sounds to a full paragraph.

Method:
In a playback experiment testing 2,618 listeners, we examine whether commonly studied voice-based judgments of attractiveness, trustworthiness, dominance, likability, femininity/masculinity, and health differ if listeners hear isolated vowels, a series of vowels, single words, single sentences (greeting), counting from 1 to 10, or a full paragraph recited aloud (Rainbow Passage), recorded from the same 208 men and women. Data were collected using a custom-designed interface in which vocalizers and traits were randomly assigned to raters.

Results:
Linear-mixed models show that the type of voice stimulus does indeed consistently affect listeners' judgments. Overall, ratings of attractiveness, trustworthiness, dominance, likability, health, masculinity among men, and femininity among women increase as speech duration increases. At the same time, speaker-level regression analyses show that interindividual differences in perceived speaker traits are largely preserved across voice stimuli, especially among those of a similar duration.

Conclusions:
Socially relevant perceptions of speakers are not wholly changed but rather moderated by the length of their speech. Indeed, the same vocalizer is perceived in a similar way regardless of which neutral statements they speak, with the caveat that longer utterances explain the most shared variance in listeners' judgments and elicit the highest ratings on all traits, possibly by providing additional nonverbal information to listeners.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21158890
Respiratory Responses to Two Voice Interventions for Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Richardson Kelly , Huber Jessica E. , Kiefer Brianna , Kane Caitlin , Snyder Sandy 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to examine the respiratory strategies used by persons with Parkinson's disease (PD) to support louder speech in response to two voice interventions. Contrasting interventions were selected to investigate the role of internal and external cue strategies on treatment outcomes. LSVT LOUD, which uses an internal cueing framework, and the SpeechVive prosthesis, which employs an external noise cue to elicit louder speech, were studied.

Method:

Thirty-four persons with hypophonia secondary to idiopathic PD were assigned to one of three groups: LSVT LOUD (
n
= 12), SpeechVive (
n
= 12), or a nontreatment clinical control (
n
= 10). The LSVT LOUD and SpeechVive participants received 8 weeks of voice intervention. Acoustic and respiratory kinematic data were simultaneously collected at pre-, mid- and posttreatment during a monologue speech sample. Intervention outcomes included sound pressure level (SPL), utterance length, lung volume initiation, lung volume termination, and lung volume excursion.

Results:
As compared to controls, the LSVT LOUD and SpeechVive participants significantly increased SPL at mid- and posttreatment, thus confirming a positive intervention effect. Treatment-related changes in speech breathing were further identified, including significantly longer utterance lengths (syllables per breath group) at mid- and posttreatment, as compared to pretreatment. The respiratory strategies used to support louder speech varied by group. The LSVT LOUD participants terminated lung volume at significantly lower levels at mid- and posttreatment, as compared to pretreatment. This finding suggests the use of greater expiratory muscle effort by the LSVT LOUD participants to support louder speech. Participants in the SpeechVive group did not significantly alter their respiratory strategies across the intervention period. Single-subject effect sizes highlight the variability in respiratory strategies used across speakers to support louder speech.

Conclusions:
This study provides emerging evidence to suggest that the LSVT LOUD and SpeechVive therapies elicit different respiratory adjustments in persons with PD. The study highlights the need to consider respiratory function when addressing voice targets in persons with PD.
Target tracking method of Siamese networks based on the broad learning system
Authors: Zhang Dan , Chen C. L. Philip , Li Tieshan , Zuo Yi , Duy Nguyen Quang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTarget tracking has a wide range of applications in intelligent transportation, real‐time monitoring, human‐computer interaction and other aspects. However, in the tracking process, the target is prone to deformation, occlusion, loss, scale variation, background clutter, illumination variation, etc., which bring great challenges to realize accurate and real‐time tracking. Tracking based on Siamese networks promotes the application of deep learning in the field of target tracking, ensuring both accuracy and real‐time performance. However, due to its offline training, it is difficult to deal with the fast motion, serious occlusion, loss and deformation of the target during tracking. Therefore, it is very helpful to improve the performance of the Siamese networks by learning new features of the target quickly and updating the target position in time online. The broad learning system (BLS) has a simple network structure, high learning efficiency, and strong feature learning ability. Aiming at the problems of Siamese networks and the characteristics of BLS, a target tracking method based on BLS is proposed. The method combines offline training with fast online learning of new features, which not only adopts the powerful feature representation ability of deep learning, but also skillfully uses the BLS for re‐learning and re‐detection. The broad re‐learning information is used for re‐detection when the target tracking appears serious occlusion and so on, so as to change the selection of the Siamese networks search area, solve the problem that the search range cannot meet the fast motion of the target, and improve the adaptability. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves good results on three challenging datasets and improves the performance of the basic algorithm in difficult scenarios.
Synthetic data generation for machine learning model training for energy theft scenarios using cosimulation
Authors: Narayanan Anantha , Hardy Trevor 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTechnical and non‐technical losses in distribution circuits result in significant economic costs to power utilities. One type of non‐technical loss is energy theft by various means including illegal tapping of feeders, bypassing the meter, and billing fraud. These losses are usually hard to detect, and can remain undetected for long periods of time. Machine learning models have been proven effective in detecting these conditions, but rely on the availability of large, good‐quality training data sets. The problem is exacerbated by the imbalanced nature of data related to these conditions—energy theft, though costly, is very rare. The available data sets generally have very few samples of theft with most of the data pertaining to normal operation. Such data sets are generally not suitable to train machine learning models. In this paper, an overview of energy theft detection techniques, the challenges with their data needs, and the limitations of current techniques to bridge such data limitations is presented. A co‐simulation framework is proposed to generate reliable training data for machine learning algorithms for theft detection. An example scenario is presented and a machine learning model is built to detect certain kinds of energy theft.
Application of 3D scanning technology in Royal Malaysian Air Force Industrial Revolution 4.0‐based aircraft maintenance
Authors: Thulasy T. Nanthakumaran , Nohuddin Puteri N. E. , Nusyirwan Istas Fahrurrazi , Ahmad Hijazi Mohd Hanafi , Abdul Zahra Musaddak Maher 
Published: September 2022

Abstract3D scanning is rapidly becoming a key maintenance tool. Aerospace was a pioneer in adopting 3D scanning technology because aircraft manufacture and maintenance require precision. Monitoring deterioration, removing components for maintenance, and verifying covert operations are not practical or helpful without technology. Ultra‐precise 3D scanning is needed to ensure aeroplane airworthiness. The Royal Malaysian Air Force is facing issues maintaining the structural integrity and time‐consuming manual inspections, which exposes technicians to error and delays aircraft maintenance. Furthermore, the Sukhoi Su‐30MKM fighter jet has updated avionics, missiles, and bombs. Sukhoi's structural integrity is under jeopardy after a decade of service. This study describes the process of scanning aircraft in 3D and creating 3D representations in Su‐30MKM maintenance. The study also covers the digital transformation of aircraft construction into a model. As a result, the proposed 3D Scanning Maintenance System has assisted the maintenance team to accelerate reverse engineering, aircraft maintenance operations. Also, the 3D scanning application increases the effectiveness of repairing and maintaining Su‐30MKM in line with the Royal Malaysian Air Force's mission readiness to embrace Industrial Revolution 4.0.
Efficient interleaved high step‐up converter with wide load range soft switching operation
Authors: Akhlaghi Baharak , Farzanehfard Hosein 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe output voltage of the renewable energy resources such as photovoltaic and fuel cell systems is relatively low. Therefore, in the renewable energy‐based power generation systems, high step‐up (HSU) DC‐DC converters are demanded between the renewable energy resource and the grid. The required characteristics of such HSU converters are low size, cost, number of elements, current ripple, and high efficiency. In response, in this paper, a new non‐isolated HSU converter with interleaved structure and resonant operation is presented. The proposed converter achieves high voltage gain and full soft switching performance over a wide range of load variations while utilizing low number of components. In this converter, the voltage gain is adjusted by tuning the coupled inductors turns ratio and the resonant frequency. The semiconductors voltage stress is low in comparison to the other counterpart converters with resonant operation. Also, the converter uses interleaving technique to reduce the input current ripple. Comprehensive theoretical analysis of the converter is presented and its performance is compared with the recent counterparts. In order to validate the converter effectiveness, a laboratory prototype is implemented and the experimental results are provided.
The 700 ks Chandra Spiderweb Field
Authors: Tozzi P. , Gilli R. , Liu A. , Borgani S. , Lepore M. , Di Mascolo L. , Saro A. , Pentericci L. , Carilli C. , Miley G. , Mroczkowski T. , Pannella M. , Rasia E. , Rosati P. , Anderson C. S. , Calabró A. , Churazov E. , Dannerbauer H. , Feruglio C. , Fiore F. , Gobat R. , Jin S. , Nonino M. , Norman C. , Röttgering H. J. A. 
Published: September 2022

Aims. We present the X-ray imaging and spectral analysis of the diffuse emission around the radio galaxy J1140-2629 (the Spiderweb galaxy) at z = 2.16 and of its nuclear emission, based on a deep (700 ks) Chandra observation.
Methods. We obtained a robust characterization of the unresolved nuclear emission, and carefully computed the contamination in the surrounding regions due to the wings of the instrument point spread function. Then, we quantified the extended emission within a radius of 12 arcsec. We used the Jansky Very Large Array radio image to identify the regions overlapping the jets, and performed X-ray spectral analysis separately in the jet regions and in the complementary area.
Results. We find that the Spiderweb galaxy hosts a mildly absorbed quasar, showing a modest yet significant spectral and flux variability on a timescale of ∼1 year (observed frame). We find that the emission in the jet regions is well described by a power law with a spectral index of Γ ∼ 2 − 2.5, and it is consistent with inverse-Compton upscattering of the cosmic microwave background photons by the relativistic electrons. We also find a roughly symmetric, diffuse emission within a radius of ∼100 kpc centered on the Spiderweb galaxy. This emission, which is not associated with the jets, is significantly softer and consistent with thermal bremsstrahlung from a hot intracluster medium (ICM) with a temperature of kT = 2.0−0.4+0.7 keV, and a metallicity of Z <  1.6 Z⊙ at 1σ c.l. The average electron density within 100 kpc is ne = (1.51  ±  0.24 ± 0.14) × 10−2 cm−3, corresponding to an upper limit for the total ICM mass of ≤(1.76  ±  0.30  ±  0.17) × 1012 M⊙ (where error bars are 1σ statistical and systematic, respectively). The rest-frame luminosity L0.5 − 10 keV = (2.0 ± 0.5) × 1044 erg s−1 is about a factor of 2 higher than the extrapolated L − T relation for massive clusters, but still consistent within the scatter. If we apply hydrostatic equilibrium to the ICM, we measure a total gravitational mass M(<100 kpc) = (1.5−0.3+0.5) × 1013 M⊙ and, extrapolating at larger radii, we estimate a total mass M500 = (3.2−0.6+1.1) × 1013 M⊙ within a radius of r500 = (220 ± 30) kpc.
Conclusions. We conclude that the Spiderweb protocluster shows significant diffuse emission within a radius of 12 arcsec, whose major contribution is provided by inverse-Compton scattering associated with the radio jets. Outside the jet regions, we also identified thermal emission within a radius of ∼100 kpc, revealing the presence of hot, diffuse baryons that may represent the embryonic virialized halo of the forming cluster.