bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competitive Coordination‐Pairing between Ru Clusters and Single‐Atoms for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Seawater
Authors: Qian Chunzhu , Shao Wenqian , Zhang Xingyue , Mu Xueqin , Gu Xiangyao , Yu Min , Ma Ligang , Liu Suli , Mu Shichun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe coordination environment of Ru centers determines their catalytic performance, however, much less attention is focused on cluster‐induced charge transfer in a Ru single‐atom system. Herein, by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, a competitive coordination‐pairing between Ru clusters (RuRu bond) and single‐atoms (RuO bond) is revealed leading to the charge redistribution between Ru and O atoms in ZnFe2O4 units which share more free electrons to participate in the hydrogen desorption process, optimizing the proton adsorption and hydrogen desorption. Thus, a clicking confinement strategy for building a competitive coordination‐pairing between Ru clusters and single‐atoms anchored on ZnFe2Ox nanosheets over carbon via RuO ligand (Ru1,n‐ZnFe2Ox‐C) is proposed. Benefiting from the optimized coordination effect and the electronic synergy between Ru clusters and single‐atoms, such a catalyst demonstrates the excellent activity and excellent stability in alkaline and seawater media, which has exceptional hydrogen evolution reaction activity with overpotentials as low as 10.1 and 15.9 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline and seawater media, respectively, higher than that of commercial Pt/C catalysts as a benchmark. Furthermore, it owns remarkably outstanding mass activity, approximately 2 and 8 times higher than that of Pt catalysts in alkaline and seawater media, respectively.
Improving the detection of community smells through socio‐technical and sentiment analysis
Authors: Almarimi Nuri , Ouni Ali , Chouchen Moataz , Mkaouer Mohamed Wiem 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOpen source software development is regarded as a collaborative activity in which developers interact to build a software product. Such a human collaboration is described as an organized effort of the “social” activity of organizations, individuals, and stakeholders, which can affect the development community and the open source project health. Negative effects of the development community manifest typically in the form of community smells, which represent symptoms of organizational and social issues within the open source software development community that often lead to additional project costs and reduced software quality. Recognizing the advantages of the early detection of potential community smells in a software project, we introduce a novel approach that learns from various community organizational, social, and emotional aspects to provide an automated support for detecting community smells. In particular, our approach learns from a set of interleaving organizational–social and emotional symptoms that characterize the existence of community smell instances in a software project. We build a multi‐label learning model to detect 10 common types of community smells. We use the ensemble classifier chain (ECC) model that transforms multi‐label problems into several single‐label problems, which are solved using genetic programming (GP) to find the optimal detection rules for each smell type. To evaluate the performance of our approach, we conducted an empirical study on a benchmark of 143 open source projects. The statistical tests of our results show that our approach can detect community smells with an average F‐measure of 93%, achieving a better performance compared to different state‐of‐the‐art techniques. Furthermore, we investigate the most influential community‐related metrics to identify each community smell type.
Systemic evaluation of human resources risks in the public sector
Authors: Shoja Mina , Kharazmi Omid Ali , Ajza Shokouhi Mohamad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study tries to design a model for assessing and prioritizing human resources risks, using systems thinking and relying on the experiences of Mashhad Municipality in Iran. Reviewing various sources, this study identifies risks in human resources and uncovers the cause and effect relationships between their dimensions and components. Then, using qualitative and quantitative methods, the proposed model is evaluated. Results show five main subsystems of human resources operational risks, personal risks, professional risks, human capital risks and contextual risks. The results also show that there is a dynamic relationship between the components of these subsystems. It is shown that human resources' operational risks have the highest probability of occurrence and intensity of impact and human capital risks have the lowest probability of occurrence and intensity of impact. The system diagrams of this study provide researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive perspective to consider human resources risks in public organizations.
Prediction of creep of recycled aggregate concrete using back‐propagation neural network and support vector machine
Authors: Rong Xian , Liu Yinbo , Chen Pang , Lv Xueyuan , Shen Chen , Yao Boqiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe promotion of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) can effectively reduce carbon emissions from the construction industry and increase the recycling rate of waste concrete. Owing to the significantly higher creep of RAC than that of natural aggregate concrete (NAC), the accurate prediction of long‐term RAC creep deformation is vital. Therefore, a predictive model for RAC is investigated in this study. A creep database of RAC with 106 groups of 1309 experimental data points considering 15 influencing parameters is established. Furthermore, back‐propagation neural network (BPNN) and support vector machine (SVM) models are adopted to process and predict data. The accuracies of the prediction of the existing RAC creep, BPNN, and SVM models are comparatively analyzed. The results reveal that for the prediction of RAC creep, the BPNN and SVM models are more accurate than the existing RAC creep model. Finally, the extended parameters of the model are analyzed based on the BPNN model to further clarify the effects of the recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) replacement ratio, RCA residual mortar content, and RAC strength on the creep properties of RAC.
Teleoperating a Legged Manipulator Through Whole-Body Control
Authors: Humphreys Joseph , Peers Christopher , Li Jun , Wan Yuhui , Sun Jingcheng , Richardson Robert , Zhou Chengxu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, we present a highly functional teleoperation system, that integrates a full-body inertia-based motion capture suit and three intuitive teleoperation strategies with a Whole-Body Control (WBC) framework, for quadrupedal legged manipulators. This enables the realisation of commands from the teleoperator that would otherwise not be possible, as the framework is able to utilise DoF redundancy to meet several objectives simultaneously, such as locking the gripper frame in position while the trunk completes a task. This is achieved through the WBC framework featuring a defined optimisation problem that solves a range of Cartesian and joint space tasks, while subject to a set of constraints (e.g. halt constraints). These tasks and constraints are highly modular and can be configured dynamically, allowing the teleoperator to switch between teleoperation strategies seamlessly. The overall system has been tested and validated through a physics-based simulation and a hardware test, demonstrating all functionality of the system, which in turn has been used to evaluate its effectiveness.
The Council of Europe’s CM/Rec(2017)5 on e-voting and Secret Suffrage: Time for yet Another Update?
Authors: Rodríguez-Pérez Adrià 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Council of Europe’s Recommendation CM/Rec(2017)5 on e-voting remains the main international legal standard in the field. According to the updated Recommendation, e-voting should respect all the principles for democratic elections. This includes, of course, the principle of secret suffrage. Provisions on secret suffrage are dispersed throughout Rec(2017)5 and its related documents. The main provisions can be found in Section IV of Appendix I, but the principle is also mentioned in several other sections, in the Explanatory Memorandum, and in the Guidelines. A detailed analysis of all these provisions reveals important flaws in the understanding of secret suffrage in (remote) e-voting. Some of the flaws are the result of an inaccurate understanding of secret suffrage, in which this principle is mixed with provisions on personal data protection. In other cases, the flaws are due to analogies being drawn with paper-based voting channels, which prevent the standards from taking stock of the specificities of (remote) e-voting. In this paper I provide a detailed account of these flaws. I also suggest some alternative approaches and wording for the provisions on secret suffrage. Lastly, I discuss the desirability and feasibility of different alternatives regarding the review of Rec(2017)5.
They May Look and Look, Yet Not See: BMDs Cannot be Tested Adequately
Authors: Stark Philip B. , Xie Ran 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBugs, misconfiguration, and malware can cause ballot-marking devices (BMDs) to print incorrect votes. Several approaches to testing BMDs have been proposed. In logic and accuracy testing (LAT) and parallel or live testing, auditors input known test votes into the BMD and check whether the printout matches. Passive testing monitors the rate at which voters “spoil” BMD printout, on the theory that if BMDs malfunction, the rate will increase noticeably. We provide lower bounds that show that these approaches cannot reliably detect outcome-altering problems, because: (i) The number of possible voter interactions with BMDs is enormous, so testing interactions uniformly at random is hopeless. (ii) To probe the space of interactions intelligently requires an accurate model of voter behavior, but because the space of interactions is so large, building a sufficiently accurate model requires observing an enormous number of voters in every jurisdiction in every election—more voters than there are in most U.S. jurisdictions. (iii) Even with a perfect model of voter behavior, the required number of tests exceeds the number of voters in most U.S. jurisdictions. (iv) An attacker can target interactions that are intrinsically expensive to test, e.g., because they involve voting slowly; or interactions for which tampering is less likely to be noticed, e.g., because the voter uses the audio interface. (v) Whether BMDs misbehave or not, the distribution of spoiled ballots is unknown and varies by election and possibly by ballot style: historical data do not help much. Hence, there is no way to calibrate a threshold for passive testing, e.g., to guarantee at least a 95% chance of noticing that 5% of the votes were altered, with at most a 5% false alarm rate. (vi) Even if the distribution of spoiled ballots were known to be Poisson, the vast majority of jurisdictions do not have enough voters for passive testing to have a large chance of detecting problems but only a small chance of false alarms.
Collisions of localized shocks and quantum circuits
Authors: Haehl Felix M. , Zhao Ying 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study collisions between localized shockwaves inside a black hole interior. We give a holographic boundary description of this process in terms of the overlap of two growing perturbations in a shared quantum circuit. The perturbations grow both exponentially as well as ballistically. Due to a competition between different physical effects, the circuit analysis shows dependence on the transverse locations and exhibits four regimes of qualitatively different behaviors. On the gravity side we study properties of the post-collision geometry, using exact calculations in simple setups and estimations in more general circumstances. We show that the circuit analysis offers intuitive and surprisingly accurate predictions about gravity computations involving non-linear features of general relativity.
Holographic bubbles with Jecco: expanding, collapsing and critical
Authors: Bea Yago , Casalderrey-Solana Jorge , Giannakopoulos Thanasis , Jansen Aron , Mateos David , Sanchez-Garitaonandia Mikel , Zilhão Miguel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cosmological phase transitions can proceed via the nucleation of bubbles that subsequently expand and collide. The resulting gravitational wave spectrum depends crucially on the properties of these bubbles. We extend our previous holographic work on planar bubbles to cylindrical bubbles in a strongly-coupled, non-Abelian, four-dimensional gauge theory. This extension brings about two new physical properties. First, the existence of a critical bubble, which we determine. Second, the bubble profile at late times exhibits a richer self-similar structure, which we verify. These results require a new 3+1 evolution code called Jecco that solves the Einstein equations in the characteristic formulation in asymptotically AdS spaces. Jecco is written in the Julia programming language and is freely available. We present an outline of the code and the tests performed to assess its robustness and performance.
Linking the singularities of cosmological correlators
Authors: Baumann Daniel , Chen Wei-Ming , Duaso Pueyo Carlos , Joyce Austin , Lee Hayden , Pimentel Guilherme L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Much of the structure of cosmological correlators is controlled by their singularities, which in turn are fixed in terms of flat-space scattering amplitudes. An important challenge is to interpolate between the singular limits to determine the full correlators at arbitrary kinematics. This is particularly relevant because the singularities of correlators are not directly observable, but can only be accessed by analytic continuation. In this paper, we study rational correlators — including those of gauge fields, gravitons, and the inflaton — whose only singularities at tree level are poles and whose behavior away from these poles is strongly constrained by unitarity and locality. We describe how unitarity translates into a set of cutting rules that consistent correlators must satisfy, and explain how this can be used to bootstrap correlators given information about their singularities. We also derive recursion relations that allow the iterative construction of more complicated correlators from simpler building blocks. In flat space, all energy singularities are simple poles, so that the combination of unitarity constraints and recursion relations provides an efficient way to bootstrap the full correlators. In many cases, these flat-space correlators can then be transformed into their more complex de Sitter counterparts. As an example of this procedure, we derive the correlator associated to graviton Compton scattering in de Sitter space, though the methods are much more widely applicable.
The association between substance use and subsequent employment among students: prospective findings from the CONSTANCES cohort
Authors: Haddad Rita El , Matta Joane , Lemogne Cédric , Melchior Maria , Zins Marie , Airagnes Guillaume 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To examine prospectively associations between substance use and subsequent employment among young students.

Methods
From the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort, 1427 students who never worked were included between 2012 and 2018 and followed up for 2.1 years on average. Generalized estimating equations computed the odds of being unemployed versus employed according to substance use at baseline controlling for sociodemographic factors and depressive state. Tobacco use (smoking status and number of cigarettes), cannabis use frequency, and at-risk alcohol use according to the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (total score > 7) were introduced separately in the models.

Results
Tobacco use was not significantly associated with employment. Cannabis use at least weekly was associated with increased odds of being unemployed OR 1.73 (1.16–2.57). At-risk alcohol use was no longer significantly associated with employment after adjustment for depressive state, while analyses on sub-scores of alcohol use suggested that alcohol dependence was associated with increased odds of being unemployed OR 1.65 (1.16–2.34).

Conclusion
Public health campaigns targeting youth should include lower chances of getting employed among the detrimental roles of regular cannabis use and at-risk alcohol use.
Data-driven development of a soft sensor for the flow rate monitoring in polyvinyl chloride tube extrusion affected by wall slip
Authors: Bovo Enrico , Sorgato Marco , Lucchetta Giovanni 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the manufacturing process of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes, the required thickness and weight depend on the extruder flow rate. The extruder setup can be very time-consuming and inefficient since it requires adjusting the screw rotational speed by trial and error, as the relation between the flow rate and the rotational speed is not known a priori. Furthermore, it is also affected by the material properties, the melt temperature, and the pressure drop in the die. Direct measuring the flow rate or the tube thickness would require expensive gravimetric dosers or X-ray systems, respectively. Therefore, a soft sensor was developed to monitor tube thickness and its weight per unit length. Two alternative approaches are proposed to predict the extruder flow rate under wall slip conditions: one is based on a developed analytical model and one on data-driven algorithms. Results show that machine learning regression models can achieve high predictive performance (a relative error of 1.2% using a support vector regressor).
The Cassels heights of cyclotomic integers
Authors: McKee James , Oh Byeong-Kweon , Smyth Chris 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study the set $${\mathscr {C}}$$
C
of mean square values of the moduli of the conjugates of all nonzero cyclotomic integers $$\beta $$
β
. For its kth derived set $${\mathscr {C}}^{(k)}$$

C

(
k
)

, we show that $${\mathscr {C}}^{(k)}=(k+1){\mathscr {C}}\,\, (k\ge 0)$$

C

(
k
)

=

(
k
+
1
)

C

(
k
≥
0
)

, so that also $${\mathscr {C}}^{(k)}+{\mathscr {C}}^{(\ell )}={\mathscr {C}}^{(k+\ell +1)}\,\,(k,\ell \ge 0)$$

C

(
k
)

+

C

(
ℓ
)

=

C

(
k
+
ℓ
+
1
)

(
k
,
ℓ
≥
0
)

. Furthermore, we describe precisely the restricted set $${\mathscr {C}}_p$$

C
p

where the $$\beta $$
β
are confined to the ring $${\mathbb {Z}}[\omega _p]$$

Z
[

ω
p

]

, where p is an odd prime and $$\omega _p$$

ω
p

is a primitive pth root of unity. In order to do this, we prove that both of the quadratic polynomials $$a^2+ab+b^2+c^2+a+b+c$$

a
2

+
a
b
+

b
2

+

c
2

+
a
+
b
+
c

and $$a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca+a+b+c$$

a
2

+

b
2

+

c
2

+
a
b
+
b
c
+
c
a
+
a
+
b
+
c

are universal.
Dimensional stabilization of wood by microporous silica aerogel using in-situ polymerization
Authors: Bak Miklós , Molnár Ferenc , Rákosa Rita , Németh Zsolt , Németh Róbert 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a method for dimensional stabilization of wood through bulk hydrophobization was investigated using a sol–gel process resulting in in-situ formation of microporous SiO2 aerogel. Two different wood species, beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) were investigated. The incorporation of microporous silica aerogel inside the cell wall and lumen was verified by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. A leaching test using paper as model material proved the bonding of the aerogel to the cellulose component of the cell wall, which indicates a long-lasting effect of the treatment. The modification of wood with silica aerogel significantly improved its hygroscopicity and dimensional stability, decreased the equilibrium moisture content and water uptake beside a low weight percent gain. Permeability was reduced as a result of the silica aerogel deposition in the macro- and micropores of the modified wood. The treatment resulted in an obvious colour change as well.
Beam buckling analysis in peridynamic framework
Authors: Yang Zhenghao , Naumenko Konstantin , Altenbach Holm , Ma Chien-Ching , Oterkus Erkan , Oterkus Selda 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPeridynamics is a non-local continuum theory which accounts for long-range internal force/moment interactions. Peridynamic equations of motion are integro-differential equations, and only few analytical solutions to these equations are available. The aim of this paper is to formulate governing equations for buckling of beams and to derive analytical solutions for critical buckling loads based on the nonlinear peridynamic beam theory. For three types of boundary conditions, explicit expressions for the buckling loads are presented. The results are compared with the classical results for buckling loads. A very good agreement between the non-local and the classical theories is observed for the case of the small horizon sizes which shows the capability of the current approach. The results show that with an increase of the horizon size the critical buckling load slightly decreases for the fixed overall stiffness of the beam.
Impact of information framing and vaccination characteristics on parental COVID-19 vaccine acceptance for children: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Wang Kailu , Wong Eliza Lai-Yi , Cheung Annie Wai-Ling , Chung Vincent Chi-Ho , Wong Charlene Hoi-Lam , Dong Dong , Wong Samuel Yeung-Shan , Yeoh Eng-Kiong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to test the influence of vaccination characteristics and gain/loss-framing of information, on parental acceptance of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination for their minor children. A discrete choice experiment was conducted among parents of children aged 0–17 years from September to October 2021 in Hong Kong. Respondents were randomly assigned to four groups with different framing of information and asked to choose hypothetical vaccination alternatives, described by seven attributes that were derived from prior qualitative interviews. A mixed logit model was adopted to analyze the effect of attributes and information framing on parental vaccination acceptance. The vaccine acceptance rates under different scenarios were also estimated. A total of 298 valid responses were obtained. It was found that the BioNTech brand, higher efficacy, less serious adverse events and more vaccination coverage in children significantly improved parental acceptance. Additionally, loss-framing increased parental acceptance compared with gain-framing, while the presentation of mortality information did not make a difference. Acceptance was also associated with parental uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine and the children’s age.Conclusion: The findings imply that factors including gain/loss information framing, importance of vaccine characteristics, and peer influence have a significant effect on parents’ decisions to get their children vaccinated. Parents with younger children had greater vaccine hesitancy, and information framing techniques should be considered in vaccination promotion for combating such vaccine hesitancy. Future studies could be conducted to identify the moderators and mediators of information framing to facilitate its implementation.

What is Known:• Parental acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine was found to be associated with various socio-economic and psychosocial factors, while the evidence on impact of vaccination characteristics was limited.• Behavioral interventions, including information framing, have been used to promote various health behaviors.

What is New:• Loss-framing of information on vaccine effectiveness improves vaccine acceptance, while additional information on how the vaccine reduces death does not make a difference, which can be used to inform communication with the public in vaccination promotion.• The social norm (i.e., the vaccine uptake amongst other people) is important for increasing the parental vaccine acceptance rate.