bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CТ densitometry as an additional method in the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension: a prospective study
Authors: Rakhimzhanova R. I. , Mardenkyzy D. , Dautov T. B. , Yelshibayeva E. S. 
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: This article presents the results of application of CT densitometry in the computed tomography (CT) of the chest to diagnose various forms of pulmonary hypertension.OBJECTIVES: To determine the diagnostic value of CT densitometry using comparative analysis of lung tissue density in patients with various forms of pulmonary hypertension.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 528 patients diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension by means of right heart catheterization (RHC) of the National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Republic of Kazakhstan. All patients were divided into 4 groups according to the classification of pulmonary hypertension of the World Health Organization (ESC/ERS Guidelines) from 2015. The first group included 254 patients with pulmonary hypertension pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease (PHLHD). The second group included 210 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The third group included 49 patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The fourth group — 15 patients with pulmonary hypertension due to respiratory disease (PHDRD). The mean age of the patients was 52.15±16.75 years. Contrast-enhanced chest CT imaging performed with a 64-slice multislice computed tomography system (Somatom Definition AS, Siemens) with post-processing to assess the lung tissue densitometric parameters, analyse the diameters of the pulmonary trunk and its main branches. The CT examination was carried in accordance with an «Embolism» protocol with intravenous administration of a contrast agent according to indications. Statistics: analysis was conducted using the Statistica 10 software. To quantitatively compare the two groups nonparametric Mann-Whitney test and the Kruskal-Wallace test were applied. Mean value and standard deviation in the format of «M±S» were used for quantitative parameters. Correlation analysis was carried out using Spearman’s nonparametric rank correlation.RESULTS: In patients with severe pulmonary hypertension a tendency for fibrotic changes was most clearly observed in cases of pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease (–809.92±26.52), and emphysematous changes in the pulmonary arterial hypertension group (–843.27±43.88).CONCLUSION: CT lung densitometry should be performed in all patients with suspected pulmonary hypertension as an additional method of examination.
Magnetic resonance tomography of the lungs with paramagnetic contrast enhancement in dynamic follow-up control of treatment of lung cancer in radiophobic patient: a case report
Authors: Vorob’eva V. O. , Nudnov N. V. , Miller S. V. , Rodionov E. V. , Ussov W. Yu. 
Published: October 2022

Till now the facilities of MRI with paramagnetic contrast enhancement (CE-MRI) in detection of lung tumors remain underused and almost ignored. A clinical case of primary detection and prospective follow-up of lung cancer in a patient whose MRI of the chest revealed a tumor lesion — a central cancer of the left lung, in particular a lesion of the bronchus of the lower lobe of the left lung. MRI of the chest with paramagnetic contrast enhancement was carried out as part of the whole body CE-MRI study after the complex therapy of breast cancer, and both the primary lung tumor and metastatic lesion of mediastinal — subbifurcation lymph nodes were revealed. With a transbronchial biopsy, the diagnosis of lung cancer was verified. Chemotherapy (ChT) was started using the vinorelbin/ carboplatin regimen. After this, the CE-MRI has been carried out during the whole period of followup of anti-cancer chemotherapy. At the CE-MRI during the first course of ChT visually the complete regression of the disease, also with clinical remission was achieved. However, the ChT scheme was not fully completed due to the patient’s departure for urgent private reasons. Two months later, the patient was examined again according to the same CE-MRI protocol, while a relapse of the disease was detected with a more pronounced lesion of the mediastinal lymph nodes than during the initial treatment. ChT with vinorelbine/carboplatin was again carried out under the control CE-MRI, this time completely. According to the chest CE-MRI, visual remission was achieved, with the disappearance of nodular tumor at the site of the previously identified primary tumor of lung cancer and metastatic lesions of lymph nodes. Thus, it was the CE-MRI which provided the early diagnosis and adequate control of treatment of the lung cancer with extensive local lymph nodes spread. After this CE-MRI, the whole body PET with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) was also performed and no signs of relapse or continued tumor growth were revealed. Five months after this stage, the patient did persist to stay completely preserved clinically, at work and socially active. Thus, the chest CE-MRI can be employed for the follow-up of the tumor process in lung cancer, as necessary, without radiation exposure, without limiting the number and frequency of studies.
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia among pediatric inpatients before and after COVID-19 pandemic: molecular diagnosis, predisposing factors, and outcomes in Northeastern Iran
Authors: Hosseinikargar Neginsadat , Zarrinfar Hossein , seyedi seyed javad , Mehrad-Majd Hassan , Najafzadeh Mohammad Javad 
Published: October 2022

Background:Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), caused by
P. jirovecii, is one of the opportunistic fungal infections that
can cause life-threatening pneumonia in children with underlying
diseases. Due to the similarity of the symptoms of PCP with other lung
infections, such as tuberculosis, differential and accurate diagnosis is
necessary. The current study investigated the molecular diagnosis of
P. jirovecii, predisposing factors, and the outcomes, among
pediatric inpatients in Northeastern Iran. Method: In this
study, 180 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens were obtained from
hospitalized children with respiratory disorders. The specimens were
examined using Giemsa stain, and the genomic DNA was extracted according
to the protocol of the AmpliSens® kit. Real-time polymerase chain
reaction technique was used to detect P. jirovecii by the
AmpliSens Pneumocystis jirovecii ( carinii)-FRT PCR kit.
Results: Among the patients studied, 34 (18.9%) were positive,
and 8 (4.4%) were suspicious for the presence of P. jirovecii.
Among the 34 positive cases, 12 (35%) were related to before, and 22
(65%) were affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Only 2 cases (5.88%)
of the positive cases detected by Real-time PCR method were observed
using Giemsa staining. Also, no correlation was observed between
positive cases of infection and the sex, the outcomes, and underlying
diseases. Conclusion: The results showed that PCP has a
relatively high prevalence among pediatric inpatients with respiratory
disorders. Neutropenia is a significant predisposing factor in these
patients. However, there is no correlation between PCP cases and the
outcomes and underlying diseases. Most of patients with PCP were
affected during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Expanding the Concept of Materiality to Environmental, Social, and Governance: Audit Issues and Implications
Authors: Turner Lynn , Weirich Thomas R. 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARY
The concept of materiality has long been a basic feature in U.S. securities laws and regulations. With the current global and U.S. efforts to develop new disclosure standards for environmental, social, and governance, a debate has emerged regarding the expansion of the definition of materiality. An expanded definition would include not only financial materiality (i.e., how information affects an investor’s decision to buy or sell) but also environmental and social materiality (i.e., how a company’s operations impact the climate, its employees, consumers, and society). This is referred to as “double materiality” (European Union 2019). However, as discussed in this paper, the concept of materiality set forth in U.S. securities laws and court decisions are contrary to the concept of double materiality. This paper provides a brief history of materiality and expansion of the concept and discusses audit issues and implications.
Career Concerns, Contract Choice, and “Unpaid” Executives
Authors: Chen Hui , Luo Wei , Soderstrom Naomi 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We examine a unique setting of publicly listed Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs), where some top executives are paid by government-controlled parent firms rather than by the firms where these executives work. Because their reported compensation is zero, these executives have been ignored in the literature. We find that the CEOs’ own personal characteristics, the nature of the CEO’s job responsibilities, and the environment in which the firm operates are significantly related to the CEO’s contract type. We also document that parent-paid CEOs have a significantly higher probability of future promotion than other CEOs. Compared to peer firms that directly pay their CEOs, firms with parent-paid CEOs have higher asset turnover. Contrary to concerns that parent-paid executives might extract resources from minority shareholders to the benefit of the parent SOE or local government, we document less use of tunneling or tax strategies under parent-paid contracts.
JEL Classifications: G30; J30; M12; M52.
Baseline Quality Improvement Capacity of 33 Endocrinology Centers Participating in the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative
Authors: Marks Brynn E. , Mungmode Ann , Neyman Anna , Levin Laura , Rioles Nicole , Eng Donna , Lee Joyce M. , Basina Marina , Hawah-Jones Nana , Mann Elizabeth , O’Malley Grenye , Wilkes Meredith , Steenkamp Devin , Aleppo Grazia , Accacha Siham , Ebekozien Osagie 
Published: October 2022

<p> </p>
<p>This article describes the evolution of the Type 1 Diabetes Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative (T1DX-QI) provide insights into the development and growth of a successful type 1 diabetes quality improvement (QI) program. Since its inception 8 years ago, the collaborative has expanded to include centers across the United States with varying levels of QI experience, while simultaneously achieving many tangible improvements in type 1 diabetes care. These successes underscore the importance of learning health systems, data-sharing, benchmarking, and peer collaboration as drivers for continuous QI. Future efforts will include recruiting additional small- to medium-sized centers focused on adult care and underserved communities to further the goal of improving care and outcomes for all people living with type 1 diabetes. </p>
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk dan Word of Mouth terhadap Niat Membeli Kembali dengan Keputusan Pembelian sebagai Mediasi Dalam Menggunakan Maxim
Authors: Muriati Muriati , Rino Rino 
Published: October 2022

This research aims.to examines the effect of product quality and word of mouth on repurchase interest and purchase decisions as mediate variables on Universitas Negeri Padang Students using Maxim application. This research conducted by quantitative (causal) method. Purposive sampling and Cochran formulation were use in this research. Total sample was 97 respondents. This research used primary data with spreading questionnaire to students at Universitas Negeri Padang who had using Maxim apps. SEM PLS 3.0 analysis also used in this research. SEM PLS analysis showed that : 1) Product quality didn’t have any significant impact on repurchase interest. 2) Word of Mouth had a significant impact on repurchase interest. 3) Product quality had a significant impac on purchase decisions. 4) Word of Mouth had a significant impact on purchase decisions. 5) Purchase decisions had a significant impact on repurchase interest. 6) Product quality gave a significant impact on repurchase interest mediated by purchase decisions. 7) Word of Mouth didn’t have any significant impact on repurchase interest mediated by purchase decisions. Keywords : product quality, word of mouth, purchase decisions, repurchase interest
Analisis Potensi Kebangkrutan Perusahaan Sub Sektor Transportasi yang Terdaftar di BEI Sebelum dan Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Agustian Viky , Syofyan Rita 
Published: October 2022

The PSBB policy implemented by the government to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a decline in company performance in the transportation sub-sector, resulting in a very drastic decrease in profits during the COVID-19 pandemic. This situation will make it difficult for the company to experience financial distress and even bankruptcy. This study objective is to analyze the bankruptcy of transportation companies listed on the IDX before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample used in this study consisted of 40 companies listed on the Stock Exchange with a purposive sampling method. Annual financial report data is obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data analysis technique used is the Altman Z-Score analysis using the third model formula for non-manufacturing companies. Based on this research, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the potential of bankruptcy of the transportation sub-sector companies before and during the covid-19 pandemic, this is proven by the Wilcoxon test results show a probability value < 0.05 or 0.043 < 0.05. Transportation sub-sector companies have the potential to go bankrupt during the covid-19 pandemic, this is proven by the average Z-Score of transportation companies which has decreased from -0.3458 to -1.2840 during the covid-19 pandemic. Keyword: altman z-score, bankruptcy analysis, transportation
Egg microinjections – method experimental viral infections in brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1815) and rainbow brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis ♂ × Oncorhynchus mykiss ♀
Authors: Duk Karolina , Schulz Patrycja , Podlasz Piotr , Siwicki Andrzej Krzysztof 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Microinjection is a micromanipulation technique that has been used in various fields and in a variety of species, including teleost fish, for over a hundred years. Microinjection is mainly used in genetic, molecular, and toxicological research. The paper describes an experimental study of a microinjection technique for the administration of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV) in fertilized eggs of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), and a rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) hybrid, Salvelinus fontinalis ♂ × Oncorhynchus mykiss ♀. The oocytes and embryos of these salmonids have complex structures that require modifying the method commonly used in zebrafish, Danio rerio (Hamilton), research. A modular apparatus and technique for injecting brook trout and rainbow brook trout fish embryos with IPNV are described. The modified microinjection method can be used successfully to administer to salmonid eggs infectious substances that simulate the vertical transmission of pathogens.
Research on Obtaining and Characterizing Ni - W Electroplating Alloys for Micro-Electro Mechanics
Authors: Poroch-Seriţan Maria , Creţescu Igor , Gutt Gheorghe , Prelipceanu Marius , Fechet Radu , Vicoveanu Dragoş , Prelipceanu Otilia-Sanda , Poroch-Seriţan Andrei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The present research aimed to electrodeposit and characterize Ni-W alloys for different technological parameters, being an example of “induced co-deposition”, in which a certain metal (for example: Mo, W) can be co-deposited as an alloy, but it cannot be measured in its pure state. The investigated characteristics were the efficiency current, the average thickness, and the structural properties of the obtained deposits. The current efficiency decreases with an increased applied current density, and the tungsten content remains constant at around 11% for different current densities (10 mA·cm−2 and 16 mA·cm−2, respectively). An increase in the temperature of the electrolyte leads to the inclusion of more tungsten. The deposit tungsten content and the current efficiency are directly related to pH. The deposit hardness directly relates to the alloy composition, deposit morphology, and coating thickness. The higher hardness, approximatively 100 HV were measured and the optimal brightness were observed for the alloys obtained at increased current density (i = 16 mA·cm−2, T = 50°C, pH = 8), or to a basic pH (i = 10 mA·cm−2, T = 50°C, pH = 9.23). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique was used to analyze the surface morphology, and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was carried out to determine the composition of the alloys. The metallic surface brightness (%) was evaluated using the miniature spectrometer, based on the reflection property of the electrodeposited metallic layer, scanning the all-wavelength range between 200-1100 nm.
Selected contextual factors and entrepreneurial intentions of students on the example of Poland
Authors: Kobylińska Urszula , Ryciuk Urszula 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The article analyses the influence of contextual variables on students’ entrepreneurial intentions. The research seeks to extend previous findings concerning the impact of various contextual factors on entrepreneurial intentions. The main focus was on public policy, business environment and education as the contextual traits. The study answers the following questions: What role do contextual variables play in the formation of the entrepreneurial intention of young people? What factors comprise a latent variable — contextual factor? What is the relationship between various contextual factors? The survey was conducted among students of the Faculty of Engineering Management at Bialystok University of Technology (Poland). Data were collected from the sample of 332 respondents. This research used a causal quantitative methodology using structural equations (Structural Equation Modelling, SEM). The impact of education (E) on the business environment (BE) and of the business environment (BE) on public policy (PP) was confirmed. A direct influence of contextual factors — education (E), business environment (BE) and public policy (PP) — on entrepreneurial intentions (EI) has not been positively verified. The main theoretical conclusion is that contextual factors do not directly explain the entrepreneurial intentions of the surveyed student population in Poland. Decision-makers and politicians should consider additional measures to improve public policy in the country, but above all, measures that promote intentions indirectly. They aim to improve the educational environment in the country that is strengthening entrepreneurship education programmes in universities and earlier education stages and activities in the business environment, supporting the creation of new companies.
Interplay between cardiovascular and thyroid dysfunctions: A review of clinical implications and management strategies
Authors: Debmalya Sanyal , Saumitra Ray , Singh Malhi Harshveer 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and thyroid dysfunction are two of the most prevailing disorders in the world that are closely interlinked. Actions of thyroid hormones are mediated via thyroid receptors present in the myocardium and the vascular tissue. Primary mechanism that links thyroid dysfunction with CVD is the modification of cardiovascular risk factors (dyslipidemia, blood pressure, coagulation parameters, etc.) resulting in endothelial and left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction.
Both overt and subclinical hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism may cause adverse alterations in cardiac function. Hyperthyroidism gives rise to palpitation, atrial fibrillation, systolic hypertension, and heart failure, whereas hypothyroidism increases diastolic hypertension, pericardial effusion, and the risk of ischemic heart disease via altering lipid and coagulation parameters. Early recognition and treatment of thyroid dysfunction may prevent adverse cardiovascular events in patients with or without pre-existing CVD.
Certain cardiac conditions and medications can cause alterations in thyroid function that may predispose an individual to higher morbidity and mortality. In certain situations, thyroid dysfunction treatment may have cardiovascular benefits. This study deals with the interplay between cardiovascular and thyroid dysfunctions associated with clinical implications and management strategies.
Designing studies for epigenetic biomarker development in autoimmune rheumatic diseases
Authors: de la Calle-Fabregat Carlos , Rodríguez-Ubreva Javier , Cañete Juan D. , Ballestar Esteban 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In just a few years, the number of epigenetic studies in autoimmune rheumatic and inflammatory diseases has greatly increased. This is in part due to the need of identifying additional determinants to genetics to explain the pathogenesis and development of these disorders. In this regard, epigenetics provides potential mechanisms that determine gene function, are linked to environmental factors, and could explain a wide range of phenotypic variability among patients with these diseases. Despite the high interest and number of studies describing epigenetic alterations under these conditions and exploring their relationship to various clinical aspects, few of the proposed biomarkers have yet reached clinical practice. The potential of epigenetic markers is high, as these alterations link measurable features with a number of biological traits. In the present article, we present published studies in the field, discuss some frequent limitations in the existing research, and propose a number of considerations that should be taken into account by those starting new projects in the field, with an aim to generate biomarkers that could make it into the clinics.
The ABC-associated immunosenescence and lifestyle interventions in autoimmune disease
Authors: Ruan Pinglang , Wang Susu , Yang Ming , Wu Haijing 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aging-associated immune changes, termed immunosenescence, occur with impaired robust immune responses. This immune response is closely related to a greater risk of development of autoimmune disease (AID), which results in increased levels of autoantibodies and increased morbidity and mortality. In addition, lifestyle-related risk factors play a pivotal role in AID, which may be probable via senescence-related immune cell subsets. Age-associated B cell (ABC) subsets have been observed in those who have rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, this review aims to highlight the mechanisms of ABCs with lifestyle interventions in AID, especially how immunosenescence affects the pathogenesis of AID and the future of aging-associated lifestyle interventions in immunosenescence of AID.
Successful treatment of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and comorbid multicentric reticulohistiocytosis
Authors: Chang Fei , Wu Chanyuan , Wang Tao , Wang Qian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis (MRH) is a rare disease of unknown pathogenesis, characterized by skin histiocytosis and destructive arthritis. The present study describes a 53-year-old woman who presented with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and MRH, which is a clinically rare entity. Diagnosis of MRH was based on nodule pathology. Meanwhile, the patient had typical arthritis, was positive for serum anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies and synovitis confirmed by joint ultrasound, and was diagnosed with RA. Her symptoms resolved with glucocorticoids and methotrexate.