bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current State and Evolution of the Concept of International Tax Law in the Context of Environmental Challenges: An Example of a Carbon Tax
Authors: Tlepina Sholpan , Seidesh Bakizhan , Kudaibergenov Askar , Zhunusbekova Aigerim , Bulatov Galym , Murzagaliyev Yerdos 
Published: April 2022

The existence of international tax law as a branch of law and a scientific discipline often causes controversy, since there is no international tax. There is a regulatory area that defines the laws that apply to taxation, activities carried out in two or more countries, tax relations with a foreign element. Current international environmental initiatives seem to be a powerful argument in favour of the development and expansion of international tax law. The work considers the issue of introducing a carbon tax as an actual component and evolutionary stage of such a concept. At the same time, the study leads to the opinion that modern international legal relations in the field of taxation today have formed an integral branch of law that requires supranational regulation using codified sources of law. Considering the issue of tax competition in conjunction with the issue of the introduction of a carbon tax, the study speaks of the need to develop a regulatory framework aimed at regulating public relations in the area under study. These issues are considered from the point of view of applicability and in the context of the regulatory framework of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
international economic agreements, international tax law, law of treaties, sources of law, international normative actsAskar Kudaibergenov
‘Preventing Pandemics by Building Bridges in EU Policy and Law’
Authors: Cavallin Elisa 
Published: April 2022

A successful strategy aimed at preventing the emergence and spread of Emerging Infectious Diseases – and therefore a strategy to avoid future pandemic scenarios – should take into account the human dependency on – and profound connection with nature and include not just health considerations but also animal welfare and health, agriculture and food production, environmental protection and climate action in all their facets, including spending and finances, and trade. In this light, policy and legislative acts not only need to be sufficiently ambitious to tackle the drivers behind the emergence of infectious diseases, but they also need to work in symbiosis, in synergy, to avoid that progress made in a certain field is eroded by a lack of ambition and foresight in another field. This research article aims to shed some light on the issue by considering key areas and key recent developments in EU law and policy. It shows how approaches and stances taken by the EU and by Member States frequently lack grit and ambition and are only limitedly synergetic and coherent with each other, often representing veritable missed opportunities both in terms of ambition and in building bridges across different fields.
Covid-19, zoonoses, One Health, EU health policy, animal welfare law, animal health law, CAP, EU Climate Law, climate change, environmental protection
C-718/18 Commission v. Germany: Critical Reflections on the Independence of National Regulatory Authorities in EU Energy Law
Authors: Huhta Kaisa 
Published: April 2022

EU energy law requires that national regulatory authorities (NRAs), which carry out key tasks in the energy sector, be independent. Such independence is considered essential to ensure that NRAs’ performance of their tasks is protected from shortterm political pressure, enabling the achievement of the EU’s long-term objectives in the energy sector. However, it also means that there is less oversight over what the NRAs do and how they perform their tasks, which underlines the need for a robust legal framework to ensure their legitimacy and accountability. This article critically assesses the NRAs’ independence requirement in the light of the Court of Justice of the European Union’s (CJEU’s) recent ruling in C-718/18 Commission v. Germany and utilizes the NRAs’ power to fix or approve energy network tariffs or tariff methodologies as an illustrative example of the powers they enjoy in EU Member States.
EU energy law, national regulatory authority, independence, network tariffs, electricity, Electricity Directive, Electricity Regulation, legal reasoning
Analysis of the Vulnerability Model for Decision-Making in the Field of Care for the Elderly
Authors: DaSilva Fabio Nacimento 
Published: April 2022

This article analyzes the validity of vulnerability as a model for decision making regarding the personal and socio-family situation of the elderly person in need of care. The adequacy of the model responds to the centrality of the risk element in decision-making, the nature of care and respect for the principles that inspire the rights of vulnerable older persons. The concept of vulnerability connects with a new conception in which vulnerability is based, not only on the loss of autonomy, but also on the susceptibility to bankruptcy of the rights of dignity and integrity in daily life; in line with an existentially diverse and vulnerable human conception. The incorporation of this approach to the Law of the capacity of the elderly and regulation of social services will require its consideration in the reports and diagnoses of Social Work.
Dealing With Wear: Care and Palliative Mechanisms for Compassion Fatigue
Authors: Dominguez Antonio 
Published: April 2022

The Compassion Fatigue concept is common in the scientific literature of International Social Work, although surprisingly nonexistent in Spanish literature. Fatigue can be defined by compassion as a state of exhaustion and biological, psychological and relational dysfunction, the result of immediate or prolonged exposure to compassionate stress and as the final result of the progressive and cumulative process resulting from pro-longed, continuous and intense contact with clients or clients patients, the use of oneself and exposure to stress. The maintenance of the wear can lead to severe pictures typical of secondary traumatization or the onset of Burned Professional Syndrome (Burnout). In any case, if a social work professional experiences this phenomenon, their ability to empathize, connect and help their clients is severely diminished. Paradoxically, compassion fatigue is, on the one hand, necessary and inevitable if good practice is developed; on the other, dangerous and disabling if it is not compensated by other mechanisms. Compassion fatigue can not be prevented but it can and must be palliated consciously. Increasing the ability to recognize and minimize the impact of attrition is a responsibility of the professional and the organization in which he works. Finally, the work raises what to do about this phenomenon and how to take care of yourself, professionally and institutionally.
The Problem of Fair Management in Politics: Religious Argument and Personal Interest Argument
Authors: Mitroglou Gokhan 
Published: April 2022

This study analyzes politics tradition in Sunn political thought in terms of exploring the problem of just ruling. In the relevant literature, the dominant approach considers Siyāsatnāmas as ethical advice in general and regards them as ineffective against an un-just ruler who has no ethical concern. This study criticizes this dominant view by claiming that in addition to the religious / ethical argument to promote a just rule, the Siyāsatnāma tradition develops a second argument designed specifically for an unjust ruler who ignores ethi-cal advice. This second argument is ignored by the dominant position about the Siyāsatnāma tradition. I have called it self-interest argument in this study. An unjust ruler's self interest is to maintain, empower, and hand down his power to his descendants. The self-interest argument tries to convince a ruler who dismisses ethical advice to adopt just ruling by revealing that even for an unjust ruler the best strategy is just ruling to reach for his worldly aims.
Zoopoetikens tankar om språk och art
Authors: Björck Amelie 
Published: April 2022

Thoughts on Language and Species in Zoopoetics – a Background Sketch
Amelie Björck
Zoopoetic studies investigate “texts that are, in one way or another, predicated upon an engagement with animals and animality (human and nonhuman),” to quote Kári Driscoll and Eva Hoffman. A central question in this field concerns the relation between language and species. This article suggests that two basic views can be discerned: one that conceptualizes language as a human-specific capacity, and another that frames language as a broader phenomenon that humans and most other species have in common. These two starting points – the first accentuating differences, the second emphasizing similarities – give rise to two different approaches to zoopoetry. In the first case, zoopoetry is associated with the deconstruction of human semantics and, thus, of human power. In the second case, zoopoetry is seen as an experiment in which the attentive human poet comes together with animals in a natural act of mutual poiesis.
The aim of the article is to uncover the genealogy of these two views – here named the “language sceptic” perspective and the “language affirmative” perspective, respectively – and to problematize them as scholarly reading positions. Using examples from Les Murray’s animal poetry, the article argues that the two perspectives might more fruitfully be explored as two dimensions that exist and create interesting friction within zoopoetic texts – hence an oscillation between the perspectives is preferable.
”Och vi trippar in i bergets svarta strupe”
Authors: Lindbo Johanna 
Published: April 2022

”And we’re tip-toing into the black throat of the mountain”: Mountain, stone and porous temporality in Mare Kandre’s I ett annat land and Stig Dagerman’s De dömdas ö.
The title of this article is borrowed from Mare Kandre’s debut novel I ett annat land (1984). The novel tells the story of a young girl who is traveling with her family in a distant country where sensory experience embosses the narrative and aesthetic. The mountain is one of several more-than-human bodies that the protagonist encounters, and it vividly affects her. Nearly forty years earlier, Stig Dagerman wrote his feverish and surrealist novel De dömdas ö (1946), where a few shipwrecked humans spend their last remaining days on a remote island. As in Kandre’s novel, there is a profound focus on sensory experiences between the human and the more-than-human, and the stony appearance of a mountain becomes an important part of the landscape.
The purpose of this article is to study how the stony formations in both novels are created and whether it is possible to understand them as active elements that contribute to the narratives. Through sedimentation, rocks have the capacity to incorporate both time and place in their materiality, and it is therefore possible to regard them as spatio-temporal bodies. Comparing and combining I ett annat land with De dömdas ö in a material ecocritical analysis enables a deeper understanding of how more-than-human matter may constitute a complex part of the storyworld. I will illuminate how these non-organic bodies, through their specific materiality in the sensuous and metaphorical aesthetics of the two novels, brings forth new stories about agency, belonging, and coloniality.
PELATIHAN PELAYANAN PRIMA SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN WISATA UNGGULAN DI KOTA SALATIGA
Authors: Aletta Dewi Maria  , Krisnawati Setyaningrum Nugraheni  
Published: April 2022

Pelayanan prima atau juga dikenal dengan excellent service adalah upaya untuk memberikan pelayanan terbaik kepada para pelanggan. Tujuan dari pelayanan ini untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan. Kota salatiga merupakan salah satu kota di Jawa Tengah yang memiliki potensi yang cukup besar sebagai wisata unggulan di Jawa Tengah.Pengabdoan Masyarakat STIEPARI berupa untuk mewujudkan Salatiga menjadi wisata unggulan di Jawa tengah yaitu dengan memberikan pelatihan pelayanan prima terhadap masyarakat terutama di 3 kelurahan yaitu Kelurahan Ledok, Tegalrejo, dan Kumpulrejo.
Pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan dalam tiga tahapan yaitu tahap sosialisasi dan persiapan, tahap implementasi, dan tahap evaluasi. Pada tahapan pertama, dilakukan koordinasi internal tim pelaksana kegiatan maupun koordinasi eksternal yang melibatkan mitra kegiatan, tahapan implementasi merupakan proses koordinasi melalui FGD yang hadir dan beberapa komunitas masyarakat dan juga pemerintah terkait, tahap Praktek Lapangan melalui observasi langsung ke lapangan dan tahapan terakhir berupa evaluasi kegiatan, yaitu evaluasi teknis dan evaluasi melalui diskusi langsung dengan beberapa pihak untuk mencapai kesimpulan.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Perdarahan Pada Ibu Post Partum Di Rsup Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar
Authors: Hidayati Musannah , Febrianty Risna , Syamsul Bahri Andi , Budi Anas 
Published: April 2022

Kematian ibu secara tidak langsung disebabkan oleh empat terlalu (terlalu muda, terlalu tua, terlalu sering melahirkan dan terlalu jauh jarak kelahiran). Data WHO (World Health Organisation) menunujukkan 25% kematian maternal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perdarahan post partum di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusudo Makassar tahun 2011. Jenis penelitian kuantittaif survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar pada bulan Agustus tahun 2012. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu post partum dan tercatat dalam buku register sebanyak 152 orang dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Instrumen penelitian yitu check list dengan mengambil data dari rekam medik. Analisis data penelitian secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Temuan penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan yang sangat bermakna antara umur ibu, paritas, dan jarak dengan perdarahan post partum. Sehingga perlunya penyuluhan yang intensif tentang pentingnya mengetahui umur ibu baik berisiko, (4 Terlalu) yang menyebabkan perdarahan post partum sehingga penting untuk menjalankan program Keluarga Berencana (KB) untuk menunda dan menjarangkan kehamilan.
Analisis Faktor Risiko Kejadian Retensio Plasenta pada Ibu Bersalin di RSUD Tenriawaru Kabupaten Bone
Authors: Saniati Saniati , Yunarsih Yunarsih 
Published: April 2022

Masalah retensio plasenta memiliki komplikasi yang dapat membahayakan ibu saat setelah persalinan karena memiliki hubungan yang kuat dengan terjadinya perdarahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian retensio plasenta pada ibu bersalin. Penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan desain case control dengan jumlah sampel 68 ibu bersalin. Penelitian dilakukan di RSUD Tenriawaru Tahun 2020. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawacara menggunakan kuesioner. Kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian untuk variabel Usia (nilai p = 0.027) menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara usia dengan kejadian retensio plasenta, dengan nilai OR : 3.4 (CL : 1.26 – 9.41) dan untuk variabel paritas (nilai p = 0.44) diperoleh tidak ada hubungan antara paritas dengan kejadian retensio plasenta, dengan nilai OR : 0.47 (CL : 0.12 – 1.82). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari kedua faktor kejadian retensio plasenta diantaranya usia dan paritas, hanya usia yang berhubungan dengan kejadian retensio plasenta.
COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PERSONAL TEACHERS WITH CLASS 5 STUDENTS AT SDN PETAMBURAN 01 MORNING IN MOTIVATING LEARNING
Authors: Kurniawan Rezki 
Published: April 2022

The background of this research is the phenomena that make students become lazy to learn because the factors affecting today's modern era. For it was in need of interpersonal communication research teachers with students in motivating learning. The theory used is Interpersonal communication theory, motivating theory, and group communication theory. The method of this research is to use a descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques by conducting structured interviews and observations. The purpose of this research is to find out how the teacher role in order for students to be open in learning and how can teachers motivate students in stimulating learning. Summary of the research is now pretty good teachers motivate students while in the classroom.
“I pessimi costumi de’ tristi mariti fuggir si devono”. Cristoforo Bronzini contro la violenza sulle donne
Authors: Duraccio Caterina 
Published: April 2022

The object of study of this article is the analysis of the Eighth Day of the Second Week of the work by Cristoforo Bronzini entitled Dialogo Della Dignità e della nobiltà delle donne, published in 1628. Bronzini offers examples of virtuous marriage and lashes out against the violent behavior of husbands, following an intertextual line that refers to other authors of the Querelle des Femmes. His work is fully ascribed to the tradition of Italian treatises in defense of the dignity of women, from the request for access to education and all fields of knowledge to equality in marriage. In this context, he affirms the need for mutual love, criticizes the violent manners of husbands and proposes examples of men who respect women, who are characterized by a masculinity that is imposed with dialogue and not with force.
Oggetto di studio del presente articolo è l’analisi della Giornata Ottava della Settimana Seconda del trattato di Cristoforo Bronzini intitolato Dialogo della Dignità e della Nobiltà delle donne e pubblicato nel 1628. Bronzini offre esempi matrimoniali virtuosi e si scaglia contro i comportamenti violenti dei mariti, seguendo una linea intertestuale che rimanda ad altri autori e autrici della Querelle des Femmes. L’opera dell’autore marchigiano si ascrive appieno nella tradizione della trattatistica italiana in difesa della dignità delle donne, dalla richiesta di accesso all’istruzione e a tutti i campi del sapere alla parità in ambito matrimoniale. In questo contesto afferma la necessità dell’amore reciproco, critica le maniere violente dei mariti e propone esempi di uomini rispettosi delle donne, che vengono caratterizzati da una mascolinità che si impone con il dialogo e non con la forza.
A propósito de Ejercicios espirituales para materialistas (2017), de Luis Roca Jusmet
Authors: Castany Prado Bernat , Snoey Abadías Christian 
Published: April 2022

This work is a commented summary of the book Spiritual Exercises for Materialists (2017), by Luis Roca Jusmet, in which the autor compares the notion of “spiritual exercises”, by Pierre Hadot, and that of “technologies of the self”, by Michel Foucault, are compared.
Estas páginas son un resumen comentado del libro Ejercicios espirituales para materialistas (2017), de Luis Roca Jusmet, en el que se compara la noción de “ejercicios espirituales”, de Pierre Hadot, y la de “tecnologías del yo”, de Michel Foucault.
Foliar nutrient concentrations of six northern hardwood species responded to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization but did not predict tree growth
Authors: Hong Daniel S. , Gonzales Kara E. , Fahey Timothy J. , Yanai Ruth D. 
Published: April 2022

Foliar chemistry can be useful for diagnosing soil nutrient availability and plant nutrient limitation. In northern hardwood forests, foliar responses to nitrogen (N) addition have been more often studied than phosphorus (P) addition, and the interactive effects of N and P addition have rarely been described. In the White Mountains of central New Hampshire, plots in ten forest stands of three age classes across three sites were treated annually beginning in 2011 with 30 kg N ha−1y−1or 10 kg P ha−1y−1or both or neither–a full factorial design. Green leaves of American beech (Fagus grandifoliaEhrh.), pin cherry (Prunus pensylvanicaL.f.), red maple (Acer rubrumL.), sugar maple (A. saccharumMarsh.), white birch (Betula papyriferaMarsh.), and yellow birch (B. alleghaniensisBritton) were sampled pre-treatment and 4–6 years post-treatment in two young stands (last cut between 1988–1990), four mid-aged stands (last cut between 1971–1985) and four mature stands (last cut between 1883–1910). In a factorial analysis of species, stand age class, and nutrient addition, foliar N was 12% higher with N addition (p< 0.001) and foliar P was 45% higher with P addition (p< 0.001). Notably, P addition reduced foliar N concentration by 3% (p= 0.05), and N addition reduced foliar P concentration by 7% (p= 0.002). When both nutrients were added together, foliar P was lower than predicted by the main effects of N and P additions (p= 0.08 for N × P interaction), presumably because addition of N allowed greater use of P for growth. Foliar nutrients did not differ consistently with stand age class (p ≥ 0.11), but tree species differed (p ≤ 0.01), with the pioneer species pin cherry having the highest foliar nutrient concentrations and the greatest responses to nutrient addition. Foliar calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) concentrations, on average, were 10% (p< 0.001) and 5% lower (p= 0.01), respectively, with N addition, but were not affected by P addition (p= 0.35 for Ca andp= 0.93 for Mg). Additions of N and P did not affect foliar potassium (K) concentrations (p= 0.58 for N addition andp= 0.88 for P addition). Pre-treatment foliar N:P ratios were high enough to suggest P limitation, but trees receiving N (p= 0.01), not P (p= 0.64), had higher radial growth rates from 2011 to 2015. The growth response of trees to N or P addition was not explained by pre-treatment foliar N, P, N:P, Ca, Mg, or K.
Zonula occludens-1 expression is reduced in nasal epithelial cells of allergic rhinitis patients
Authors: Siti Sarah Che Othman , Nur Husna Siti Muhamad , Md. Shukri Norasnieda , Wong Kah Keng , Mohd Ashari Noor Suryani 
Published: April 2022

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common allergic disease characterized by disruption of nasal epithelial barrier. In this study, we investigated the mRNA expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), ZO-2 and ZO-3 and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and HDAC2 in AR patients compared to healthy controls. RNA samples were extracted from nasal epithelial cells of house dust mites (HDMs)-sensitized AR patients and healthy controls (n = 28 in each group). The RNAs were reverse transcribed into cDNAs for measurement of ZO-1, ZO-2, ZO-3, HDAC1 and HDAC2 expression levels by quantitative PCR. The mRNA expression of ZO-1 was significantly decreased in AR patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.010). No significant difference was observed in the expression levels of ZO-2, ZO-3, HDAC1 and HDAC2 in AR patients compared to healthy controls. We found significant associations of higher HDAC2 levels in AR patients with lower frequency of changing bedsheet (p = 0.043) and with AR patients sensitized to Dermatophagoides farinae (p = 0.041). Higher expression of ZO-2 was observed in AR patients who had pets (p = 0.007). In conclusion, our data indicated that ZO-1 expression was lower in AR patients contributing to decreased integrity of nasal epithelial barrier integrity, and HDAC2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.