bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tree Species Diversity in a Semi-Conserved Beach Forest in Southern Philippines
Authors: Cañeda Jopy D. , Peralta-nebran Atty. Emma , JR Cornelio M. Ramirez, , Gloria Elionda E. , Kamad Merry Chrisse C. 
Published: April 2022

Beach forest is a unique type of ecosystem, a mixed group of littoral creepers, shrubs, and trees above the high tide level. In Sarangani Province, beach forest is not well studied even though it experienced various environmental threats due to the increase of coastal development and tourism. This study aimed to determine the composition and diversity of beach forest species in Barangay Kling, Kiamba, Sarangani Province and relate it to the whole coastal area of the municipality by producing a profile. Specifically, the study sought to determine the species composition of beach forest in the sampling areas; assess the beach forest diversity of at least three sampling areas in Barangay Kling. Using transect-quadrat method, species were identified through identification guides. Data analysis includes relative density, relative frequency, relative dominance, species diversity index and species importance value. Results of the assessment of species composition and community structure showed that a total of 39 beach forest species distributed among 23 families are present on the site, and another ten (10) species were observed outside of the transects. Milletia pinnata has the highest importance value with a rating of 79.04, followed by Terminalia catappa (65.54) and Barringtonia asiatica (44.04). The results show that the area has a huge potential for development into a beach forest park considering the diversity and maturity of the stand. In addition, management, protection, and rehabilitation of beach forest are also highly recommended to maximize their potential as climate change mitigators and their role in coastal protection.
Knowledge, Acceptance and Perception on COVID-19 Vaccine among Sudanese People in Khartoum State, 2020-2021
Authors: Hammad Almoeiz Y. , Mohamed Imam B. , Abdulkareem Abdulkareem H. , Alsaid Haifa S. , Fadol Wael B. , Ahmed Rawha Y. , Abdalrhman Abdalla A. 
Published: April 2022

Aim: This a descriptive cross sectional community based study aimed to find out the extent of information and acceptance of Corona vaccines by Sudanese citizens.
Background: Coronaviruses are enveloped positive sense RNA virus with spike like projection on it is surface. Four coronaviruses namely HKU1, NL63, 229E and OC43 have been in circulation in human and generally cause mild respiratory disease.
Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to 150 participants after obtaining their consent to participate. The participants were divided into three groups: Khartoum, Omdurman and Khartoum North. It was ensured that the questionnaires were filled out correctly, Data had been entered, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Descriptive statistics in term of frequency tables with percentages and graphs.
Result: The majority of the participants had information about the disease in the majority of the khartoum north city (88%), Although most of those who were affected were residents of Khartoum (37%). Information about Corona vaccines was similar in the three cities. Opinions differed about the safety of vaccines in the cites khartoum (20%), omdurman 13% and khartoum north 47%.
Conclusion: This study realized that the information of the participants in the study was weak, and the majority of them showed their dissatisfaction with the procedures of the health authorities, as well as their lack of confidence in the authority of vaccines. In conclusion, it is necessary to increase the dose of awareness among the citizens, as it is necessary to find research on a larger scale.
Extensive Chronic Type B Aortic Dissection Extending to the Left Common Femoral Artery a Rare Case Report
Authors: Taweel Muneera Al , Alhajji Ahmad , Almukhaylid Sarah , Alnaim Naimah 
Published: April 2022

Background: Aortic dissection is a potentially fatal condition, defined as an injury in the innermost layer of the aortic wall leading to high-pressure blood flow between the layers of the aorta, creating a false lumen. CT aortogram is the gold standard for diagnosing AD due to its high sensitivity and specificity. Treatment of acute type a aortic dissection (TAAD) is by surgery while acute type B aortic dissection (TBAD) is managed by medical therapy.
Aim: Recognition of aortic dissection and its different clinical presentations.
Methods: Herein we report a 47-year-old man presenting repeatedly for years to the Emergency Department of various hospitals in Saudi Arabia with symptoms of chest pain that were thought to be from Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but later diagnosed as aortic dissection type B.
Conclusion and Results: The incidence of TBAD is under-reported and might be misdiagnosed for years.
Efficacy of Titrating Positive End Expiratory Pressure Recruitment Versus Extended Sigh Recruitment by Volumetric Capnography in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Taha Ahmed Kamal , Abdallah Mohammad Ali , Elbaradey Ghada Fouad , Soliman Sohair Mostafa 
Published: April 2022

Background: The rationale for recruitment maneuvers is to open the atelectatic alveoli, thus increasing end expiratory lung volume, improving gas exchange, and attenuating ventilator induced lung injury. The study aimed to assess the efficacy of titrating positive end expiratory pressure recruitment versus extended sigh recruitment by volumetric capnography in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Methods: Seventy patients were randomly allocated into two equal groups according to plan for ventilator management of ARDS by protective lung strategy according to ARDS network. Group I (n= 35) titrating PEEP recruitment, and Group II (n= 35) extended sigh recruitment. The primary outcome measure was mortality in the first 28 days wheras the secondary outcome measures were changes in static compliance, dead space to tidal volume ratio, ventilation / perfusion ratio, duration of mechanical ventilation, weaning outcomes, oxygenation and hemodynamic data.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in 28th day mortality in both groups in group 1, 10 patients were died (28.57%), In group II, 12 patients were died (34.28%) (p value =0.607), wheras there was significant increase regarding static compliance ml/cm H2O, ventilation / perfusion ratio (p value =0.003. 0.001 respectively) and significant decrease regarding dead space to tidal volume ratio in group I compared to group II, 15 minutes after recruitment and significant decrease in duration of mechanical ventilation (days) in group I compared with group II (p value = 0.014, 0.04 respectively). There was a significant difference in weaning categories between both groups with better outcomes in favor of group I (p value = 0.034). The findings of this study presented that there were no significant difference regarding other measurements.
Conclusion: Titrating PEEP recruitment was better than extended sigh recruitment as regard weaning outcomes and duration of mechanical ventilation, which may be due to improvement in aerated lung volume, reflected on decreased dead space to tidal volume ratio, better ventilation perfusion ratio and static compliance.
Effect of Hot Fomentation on Plasma HSP70 Levels and Body Temperature
Authors: Nagai Masayo , Kaji Hidesuke 
Published: April 2022

Objective: Our previous study reported that thermal stimulation on thigh muscle in vivo and skeletal muscle-derived cell (SMDC) in vitro favorably changed plasma proteins and several gene expression, respectively, to prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In our previous in vitro experiment using transcriptome, hot stimulation caused a slight decrease in SMDC density, associated with higher gene expression of apoptosis-related factors as well as HSP70. In the present study, plasma HSP70 was compared before and after hot fomentation methods as a marker of heat stress. Furthermore, skin temperature was measured to assess whether the hot effect was local or systemic.
Method: Subjects were volunteers of 3 men and 7 women aged 21.8 ± 1.31 (mean ± SD). Hot fomentation consisted of four types: hot towels, hot packs, red bean bags, and thermal sheets. Plasma HSP70 concentration was determined by ELISA. Skin temperature was measured by an infrared thermometer.
Results: Plasma HSP70 concentration was significantly reduced by thermal loading using hot towels (pre: 18.46 ± 6.55 vs. post: 14.7 ± 6.66 ng / ml, p = 0.011), but not by those using the other 3 types. Thermal stimulated thigh skin temperature in the opposite side of the hot fomentation was significantly increased by hot towels, hot packs and red bean bags. There was no significant change in axillary temperature.
Conclusion: These results suggest that thermal sheets might not cause heat stress at least in this condition. Hot towels, hot packs and red bean bags provide systemic thermal effect. Further evaluation is required for safe and effective application of hot fomentation to ASCVD prevention.
BMI Index and ABO Blood Grouping Influence on Pain Perception: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tanvi A. , Deepak R. , Amit D. 
Published: April 2022

Establishment on The stream exact review considered investigation dispersed inside the 10 years going before June 2020, dealing with the subject of obesity and pain and abo blood groups. Inside the setting of the perplexing natural and social interrelationships among these marvels, we hoped to perceive openings in the composition and to include key concentrations for future transdisciplinary research. The overall thought norms were that the included examinations could directly add to our understanding of these perplexing research.
We glanced through PubMed/Medline/Cochrane/science direct/Embase informational indexes returning 10 years, using the fundamental chase terms "weight" and "pain,abo blood grouping," and for a discretionary request we used the pursuit terms "pain" and "abo blood,obesity."
Results Included assessments (n= 90) are in a general sense human; regardless, some animal considers were joined to further develop appreciation of related fundamental natural wonders or possibly where human data were missing or inside and out limited.
Biliary Atresia: GGT vs Histopathology as Diagnostic Tool
Authors: Bhand Sikandar Ali , Ahmed Imran , Fazlani Shahjahan , Khuhro Asif Ali , Khan Momna , Hussain Khadim 
Published: April 2022

Background: Biliary Atresia (BA) also known as "progressive obliterative cholangiopathy" is one of the most common conditions requiring pediatric liver transplant and the most common surgically treatable cause of neonatal cholestasis. Associated malformations are present in 25% of cases and it is most common in East Asia, with incidence reported as high as one in 5,000. BA presents with cholestatic Jaundice, initially indistinguishable from physiological jaundice. Symptoms include progressive cholestasis, causing yellowing of the skin, pruritis, pale stools, dark urine.
Methods: This study is a Cross sectional study conducted at the Department of Pediatric Medicine, The Children’s Hospital & Institute of Child’s Health, Lahore in the duration of 6 months (2018-2019), after approval from the Institution’s Review Board. All patients of age ≤ 14 months, presenting in pediatric emergency with cholestatic jaundice and fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in this study.
Results: In our study a total of 150 cases were enrolled. The mean age of patients in months was 7.13 ± 3.81. The male to female ratio of the patients was 1.3:1, 86(57.33%) males and 64(42.67%) females. The results showed that the mean initial observation of jaundice was 8.54 ± 3.89 days with minimum and maximum duration of 2 & 15 days, respectively. In our study the mean GGT level of the patients was 303.13 ± 58.53. In our study, on the basis of GGT level BA was diagnosed positive in 83 cases and negative in 67 cases, which was exceptionally consistent with the gold standard i.e. histopathology which diagnosed 82 cases as positive for BA and labelled 68 cases negative.
Conclusion: Serum GGT elevated levels are suggestive of biliary atresia.
Pediatric Anthropometrics: An Observational Study from Indus Medical College, Tando Muhammad Khan, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Bhand Sikandar Ali , Ahmed Imran , Fazlani Shahjahan , Khuhro Asif Ali , Khan Momna , Hussain Khadim 
Published: April 2022

Background: Children constitute a big proportion of human population and they are the future of any nation so their health is of prime importance. Child health care has the special focus in the health care policy of any system. .
Study Place, Duration and Design: The current research was an observation study conducted during July to December 2021 in Pediatric outpatient department at Indus Medical College Hospital Tando Muhammad Khan.
Methods: Consent was taken from parents and demographic data and anthropometric measurements were carried out and recorded on prepared proforma, frequency and percentage was calculated for various parameters
Results: There were 956 children evaluated for anthropometric parameters out of which male were 637(66.63%) and females were 319(43.37%). The weight was normal in 603(63.10%), Low in 332(34.73%) and above normal in 21(2.20%) children. The height was seen normal 713(74.5%), short stature was seen in 201(21%) and 42(4.5%) children were taller.
Conclusion: Various abnormalities in weight and height of study children were observed.
Predisposing Factors Leading to Warfarin Toxicity
Authors: Mujtaba Mustajab , Khanzada Muhammad Faisal , Aman Saba , Ahmed Khalil , Ahmed Naveed , Haider Muhammad Usama , Achakai Abdul Samad , Memon Sajjan Iqbal , Ahmed Moiz 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Warfarin is a commonly utilized anticoagulant in the management of thrombosis, either prevention or treatment, with bleeding problems as one of the major adverse effect because of its narrow therapeutic index.
Objective: To determine the frequency of various factors leading to warfarin toxicity which was defined as patients presented with International Normalized Ratio (INR) greater than five.
Setting: Department of Adult Cardiology at National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan.
Methodology: The study type is descriptive, cross sectional. All patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and visited Department of Adult Cardiology at NICVD, Karachi, Pakistan were included. After ethical approval and informed and written consent. The collected data was entered using IBM SPSS - 21, for variables that were continuous mean Standard Deviation was calculated and for variables that were categorical frequency percentage were calculated.
Results: Total of 87 patients with warfarin toxicity were included. 52 patients (60%) were males & 35 (40%) were females with the mean age of 48.5287 ± 13.1386 years. The factors leading to warfarin toxicity were dietary non-compliance 19 patients (21.83%), drug non-compliance in 18 (20.68%), drug-drug interactions in 12 (13.79%), irregular follow up in 23 (26.39%) and deranged liver functions in 26 (29.88%) patients.
Conclusion: Warfarin toxicity has multifactorial causes. Deranged liver functions and irregular follow up of patients accounted for the most prominent factors leading to warfarin toxicity.
Effects of Whitening Cream: A Cross-sectional Study in Tertiary Care Setting
Authors: Bano Shazia , Meraj Munazzah , Ahmed Hafiz Bashir , Taqi Tabinda , Laghari Mubeena , Mir Farhan 
Published: April 2022

Aim: To determine the side effects of skin whitening creams in a tertiary care facility.
Methodology: The current cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of dermatology, Peoples University of Medical & Health Science for Women Nawabshah (PUMHSW), Sindh, Pakistan from January 2019 to July 2019. A total of 140 consecutive patients were included in the study matching the inclusion criteria. All the demographic clinical variables and follow-up data were recorded on a proforma designed for the study, the data collected were statistically analyzed and the results were tabulated.
Results: In this study we observed various side effects in patients who used whiting creams. Redness showed in 81 patients (57.85%), flushing in 86 patients (61.42%), sensitivity in 99 patients (7.14%), acne in 52 patients (37.14%), thinning of skin in 77 patients (55%), pigmentation in 67 patients (47.85%),telangiectasiain 43 patients (30.71%), wrinkles in 33 patients (23.57%), and hirsutism in 44patients (31.43%).
Conclusion: We concluded that whitening creams used in our facilityare strongly associated with several cutaneous side effects.
The cytological Aspect of Clinically Concerned Supraclavicular lymphadenopathy- a Prospective Study
Authors: Rashmi Rakesh Kumar , Chandanwale S. S. , Gore C. R. , Mishra Pratyush , Kumar Harsh 
Published: April 2022

Aims: The purpose of the study was to find out the distribution of various diseases in supraclavicular lymphadenopathy by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and to study cytomorphological findings in detail.
Study Design: The present study was a prospective study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pathology, Dr. DY Patil medical college and research centre, DY Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India. The study was conducted over a period of 2 years (i.e., September 2019 to August 2021).
Methodology: Fine needle aspirations (FNA) were performed in 50 cases of supraclavicular lymphadenopathy after obtaining written consent. The cytomorphological features of stained smears were studied in detail.
Results: A total of 50 aspirates were studied. The male to female ratio found was 2:3. The age of the patients ranged from 9 yrs to 81 yrs. The maximum number of cases were found in the elderly (>60 yrs). A predominance of right-sided lymphadenopathy was seen. Diagnosis based on FNAC findings were categorized as metastatic deposits (34% cases), tubercular lymphadenitis (16% cases), reactive lymphadenitis (14% cases), granulomatous lymphadenitis (14% cases), acute suppurative lymphadenitis (12% cases), necrotizing lymphadenitis (8% cases) and one NHL (2% case).
Squamous cell carcinoma (14% cases) was the most commonest metastatic lesion followed by adenocarcinoma (10% cases). Common primary sites were the breast, lung, and gall bladder for adenocarcinoma, whereas the oesophagus and tongue for squamous cell carcinoma.
Conclusion: Supraclavicular node was well known for metastasis but non-malignant cause like tuberculosis is frequently found in developing countries. Enlarged supraclavicular nodes suggest some underlying pathology and chances of malignancy increase with the age of the patient. FNAC can be used as a first-line investigation for diagnosis because of its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and efficacy to rule out metastasis.
Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Gastritis among Patients with Symptomatic Cholelithiasis
Authors: Memon Amir Iqbal , Naz Samina , Memon Riaz Ahmed , Bhatti Aisha Masroor , Nayab . , Ali Mansoor 
Published: April 2022

Background: H. Pylori gastritis is considered to be the causative factor for gallstone disease. Though this infection is reported to be the leading factor contributing to the pathogenesis of gastro-duodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. Its infestation of the gallbladder and causing chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis are still debatable.
Methodology: This study was descriptive cross-sectional in nature, performed on 110 patients (chosen via non-probability, consecutive sampling), presented at Surgical OPD with symptomatic cholelithiasis. All the participants underwend for diagnostic endoscopy and a biopsy was taken for confirmation of h.Pylori gastritis. Those who had positive H. Pylori test, were treated by eradication therapy first and then submitted for the laparoscopic cholecystectomy and those who were negative submitted for the laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The study lasted 1 year from February 2021 to February 2022.
Results: Among the subjects, 72.7% (n=80) were female, 32.5% were under 40 years old while male gender composed of 17.3% of the sample population. 3/4th of the population hailed from the rural setting. 70.1% (n=78) of the patients had positive H. Pylori test on histopathology.
Upon the findings of diagnostic endoscopy, severe and moderate gastritis was found to be in 25.6% and 74.4% of the participants with positive helicobector gastritis, respectively. A significant association was found out between familial history of gall stones and helicobector pylori gastritis (p=0.02).
Conclusion: A high prevalence of H. Pylori infection is among patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis, which also crossponds to the endoscopic findings. The association between the familial history of gall stones and helicobetor gastritis merits to be explore further to establish the casuality of the relationship.
Ocean temperature and density dependence as key drivers of the population dynamics of an intertidal crab at the Brazilian oceanic islands
Authors: Macedo Thais P. , Zhao Qing , Costa Natasha V. , Freire Andrea S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUnderstanding how climatic and density‐dependent processes affect demography is crucial for predicting population responses to climate change. For marine invertebrates with complex life cycle such as decapod crustaceans, increasing temperatures might affect survival and development of early pelagic stages, whereas high density can increase competition and thus reduce growth and fecundity of older life stages. In this study, we investigate the effects of warm ocean events, body size and density on the population dynamics of the intertidal Sally lightfoot crab (Grapsus grapsus) at the Brazilian oceanic islands. Firstly, we assessed the trends of marine heatwaves (MHW) and positive temperature anomalies (ΔSST+) at the equatorial St Peter and St Paul (SPSP) Archipelago and Rocas Atoll and the subtropical Trindade Island. We then jointly analyzed short‐term count, capture‐recapture and fecundity data, and long‐term population monitoring data (2003–2019) using an integrated population model. Warm ocean events have become more frequent and intense only at the equatorial islands. Increasing MHW frequency positively influenced recruitment in the high‐density SPSP population, while MHW intensity and ΔSST+ frequency had negative impacts. Conversely, no climatic effects were observed for the low‐density Rocas population, which has the largest crabs. Despite a lack of warming in Trindade, this subtropical population with intermediate density and body size was negatively affected by ΔSST+. Our findings revealed population‐specific responses to climate change when accounting for local life history and ecology. Thus, environmental and density‐dependent effects should be broadly considered in future conservation studies regarding ocean warming impacts on marine invertebrate populations.