bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Soft Stability of Soft Picard and Soft Mann Iteration Processes
Authors: Khaleefah Sabah A. , Ahmed Buthainah A. A. 
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we introduce new concepts that relates to soft space based on work that was previously presented by researchers in this regard. First we give the definition of Soft Contraction Operator and some examples. After that we introduce the concepts of soft Picard iteration and soft Mann iteration processes. We also give some examples to illustrate them.
Many concepts in normed spaces have been generalized in soft normed spaces. One of the important concepts is the concept of stability of soft iteration in soft normed spaces. We discuss this concept by giving some lemmas that are used to prove some theorems about stability of soft iteration processes (with soft contraction operator) with soft Picard iteration procedure as well as soft Mann iteration procedure.
Idempotent Divisor Graph of Commutative Ring
Authors: Mohammad Husam Q. , Shuker Nazar H. 
Published: March 2022

This work aims to introduce and to study a new kind of divisor graph which is called idempotent divisor graph, and it is denoted by . Two non-zero distinct vertices v1 and v2 are adjacent if and only if , for some non-unit idempotent element . We establish some fundamental properties of , as well as it’s connection with . We also study planarity of this graph.
New Class of Rank 1 Update for Solving Unconstrained Optimization Problem
Authors: Mahmood Saad Shakir , Eidi Jaafer Hmood 
Published: March 2022

The focus of this article is to add a new class of rank one of modified Quasi-Newton techniques to solve the problem of unconstrained optimization by updating the inverse Hessian matrix with an update of rank 1, where a diagonal matrix is the first component of the next inverse Hessian approximation, The inverse Hessian matrix is generated by the method proposed which is symmetric and it satisfies the condition of modified quasi-Newton, so the global convergence is retained. In addition, it is positive definite that guarantees the existence of the minimizer at every iteration of the objective function. We use the program MATLAB to solve an algorithm function to introduce the feasibility of the proposed procedure. Various numerical examples are given`.
Continuous Classical Optimal Control of Triple Nonlinear Parabolic Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Al-Hawasy Jamil A. Ali , Rasheed Thekaa  M. 
Published: March 2022

This paper concerns with the state and proof the existence and uniqueness theorem of triple state vector solution (TSVS) for the triple nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations (TNPPDEs) ,and triple state vector equations (TSVEs), under suitable assumptions. when the continuous classical triple control vector (CCTCV) is given by using the method of Galerkin (MGA). The existence theorem of a continuous classical optimal triple control vector (CCTOCV) for the continuous classical optimal control governing by the TNPPDEs under suitable conditions is proved.
Characterization of Polyhydroxybutyrate Nanoparticles
Authors: Ghafil Jenan A. , Flieh May T. 
Published: March 2022

Preparation of nanoparticles is one of the important ways to increase the biological effectiveness of materials. There are several methods to prepare the polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) nanoparticles. Here, a new method is used based on exposing PHB to ultrasound waves under variable pH conditions. In the present study, PHB was added to distilled water and pH was adjusted to 4 by HCl (1 N). The suspension was exposed to ultrasound waves at 4500 kh for 25 seconds. Then, pH was readjusted to 10 by NaoH (1N) and the mixture was incubated for 2 h at 21 oC. Finally, the pH was adjusted to 7 by HCl (1 N) and the mixture was incubated at 21 oC for 18 h. The characterization of the prepared nanoparticles was achieved by using atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrated the formation of nanoparticles, especially after examinations by SEM and AFM, which showed that the diameter of particles was between 22.9 and 73.95. The present study confirmed that the method of exposing PHB to gradient pH and high levels of ultrasonic waves could produce PHB nanoparticles.
Cloud-based Voice Home automation System Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Jasim Zainab Malik , Salman Ayman Dawood 
Published: March 2022

The rapid development of automation industries and technologies has shown incredible prospects for transforming our homes into a smart home automation system, which are more secure than a simple home. This paper proposes a home application based on voice and text called the Automated Control and Monitoring System (ASCM). This application can be utilized by both normal and vision-impaired people by using with a mobile phone.
The application allows users to send voice commands through Google Assistant installed on Android to control the appliances. They can also have complete monitoring by logging onto the ThingSpeak dashboard, which displays a device status indicator and sends alert messages in the event of danger. The NodeMCU development board based on the ESP8266 and a combination of sensors, modules and actuators were used to create a "control system" for home appliances based on the Internet of Things (IoT). This work mitigates the challenges that faced the design of smart homes based on (IoT). The control and monitoring system is using voice without the need to use programming languages. As well as the automation process is not only on / off but also querying the status of any device sensors. In addition, this application dispenses with IFTTT(If-This-Then-that) services to send alert messages because their number is limited during the month, compared to the alerts provided by the Blynk app, which is unlimited. Mobile phones and robotic homes will make life easier and more enjoyable for the elderly and differently abled people who are unable to manually turn the items ON/OFF.
The intelligent control system for the technical radio beacons condition of the navigation and landing complex
Authors: Gabrielyan D. D. , Kostenko P. I. , Safaryаn O. A. 
Published: March 2022

The article considers the possibility of developing control systems for the technical condition of radio beacons (RB) transmitting channels generators for the airport navigation and landing complex using artificial intelligence systems (AIS). The feature of using AIS to develop the technical control system is integrating a multidimensional likelihood function into the knowledge base. By means of merely measurements of signal phases generated in RB, the given function makes it possible to evaluate:– average frequencies of generated signals in RB;– deviations of average frequencies from the required values throughout the entire observation interval;– random deviations of the current frequency values from the average ones at each measurement interval;– relative frequency instabilities of each of generators.The results obtained and their variation over the time allow us to carry out:– monitoring the technical condition of RB channels generators;– diagnostics of the technical condition of RB channels generators;– forecasting the technical condition of RB channels generators and making a decision concerning the status of the controlled generators according to the CORRECT OPERATION-DETERIORATION-FAILURE criterion.
Indefensible Self-Defense Argument
Authors: Hewitt Howard 
Published: March 2022

The self-defense argument maintains that, even if a fetus is a person, (pre-viable) abortion on demand is morally permissible on the grounds that the fetus is using his mother’s body in an intimate way, and, in an unwanted pregnancy, without her ongoing consent. According to the argument, this sort of use justifies lethal self-defense on the part of the mother against her unwanted fetus. I produce a counterexample to one of the premises of this argument and show that it cannot be successfully revised. I further show the underlying commitments of the self-defense argument lead to the absurd conclusion that a woman who has consensual sex that results in pregnancy thereby violates the fetus’ right to bodily autonomy and so such an act would be morally impermissible. We thereby have good reason to abandon the argument.
Actions Dictate the Consequences: Workplace Incivility, Knowledge Hiding, and Psychological Entitlement
Authors: Zaheer Hamna , Karim Jahanvash , Bibi Zainab 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to examine the impact of workplace incivility on knowledge hiding behavior. The study also empirically analyzed the moderating effect of psychological entitlement between workplace incivility and knowledge hiding behavior.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design to collect the data using a structured questionnaire. The participants were selected using convenience sampling. A total of 465 academicians participated in the study belonging to Pakistan's different higher education institutions.
Findings: The findings revealed that workplace incivility positively impacts knowledge hiding behavior. Moreover, psychological entitlement moderated the relationship between workplace incivility and knowledge hiding behavior.
Implications/Originality/Value: The current study highlighted the examination of the antecedent of knowledge hiding behavior. The personality disposition has been studied as a moderator between incivility and knowledge hiding. This study disclosed how psychological entitlement could change a person's tendency to share knowledge with peers.
Analisa Kegagalan Bantalan Luncur (Bush) pada Poros Sepatu Rem Kereta Api
Authors: Putra Adi Ganda , Pawawoi Pawawoi 
Published: March 2022

Bantalan Luncur (Bush) pada poros sepatu rem kereta api berfungsi membantu proses pengereman yang terjadi pada kereta api yang akan berhenti. Kegagalan bantalan luncur dalam membantu proses pengereman yang terjadi pada kereta api akan mengakibatkan kereta bisa tergelincir atau yang lebih fatal akan mengakibatkan terjadinya kecelakaan. Kerusakan pada bantalan luncur ini terjadi karena adanya konsentrasi tegangan sehingga tegangan yang diterima melebihi kekuatan dari bantalan luncur. Akibatnya bantalan luncur mengalami patah. Tegangan yang terjadi akibat adanya konsentrasi tegangan sebesar 21,32 kgf/mm2 sedangkan tegangan yang diijinkan adalah 16,4 kgf/mm2 . Perbedaan yang besar ini menyebabkan terjadinya deformasi dan patah pada bantalan luncur. bentuk patahan yang terjadi berupa patah transgranular. Sehingga pada material bush yaitu patah transgranular .
Pengaruh Pengaku Konsentris (Concentric Bracing) dan Eksentris (Eccentric Bracing) pada Struktur Baja dengan Daktilitas PenuhTerhadap Gempa
Authors: Sumargo  , Basri Syamsul , Rosyidah Anis 
Published: March 2022

Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan perilaku struktur baja berpengaku konsentris dan eksentris apabila diberi percepatan gempa El Centro dan Pasadena. Perilaku yang ditinjau meliputi periode getar, simpangan, histeresis loop, daktilitas struktur dan elemen.
Model struktur adalah portal baja 12 lantai menggunakan pengaku konsentris tipe diagonal (Al) dan inverted V (A2), untuk pengaku eksentris tipe diagonal (B1) serta inverted V (B2). Alat bantu untuk analisis menggunakan software SAP 2000 dan excel. Adapun metode penyelesaiannya meliputi perencanaan struktur dan analisis perilaku struktur.
Dari perencanaan didapat ukuran profil sama pada ke-empat struktur. Pada hasil analisis diperoleh periode getar alami terbesar pada struktur B1- 0,423 detik dan terkecil adalah struktur A2 â€” 0,362 detik. Hasil simpangan terbesar akibat percepatan gempa El Centro maupun Pasadena terjadi pada struktur B2. Akibat gempa El Centro dan Pasadena pada ke- empat struktur masih bersifat elastis sehingga nilai daktilitas struktur () â€” 1, begitu pula dengan daktilitas elemen, belum terjadi sendi plastis.
Pengaruh Solvabilitas dan Profitabilitas terhadap Penghindaran Pajak
Authors: Wanda Adi Putra , Halimatusadiah Elly 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Tax storage is an effort to reduce the tax burden carried out by taxpayers in the scope of the tax laws carried out by utilizing weaknesses in tax laws and regulations to reduce the amount of tax debt. This study aims to determine the effect of the solvency and profitability of tax avoidance. Solvability is measured using a Debt To Asset Ratio (DAR). Profitability is measured using ROA (Returns On Assets). Tax avoidance is measured using CETR (Cash Effective Tax Rates). This research uses secondary data. The research method used in this study was descriptive with a quantitative approach. The population in this study is a manufacturing company from the industrial sector of consumer goods listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for 4 periods, namely 2016-2019. The sample of this study used a purposive sampling method so that 21 sample companies were obtained. The hypothesis testing used in this study uses multiple regression analysis. The hypothesis test results show that solvency has a positive effect on tax avoidance, and profitability has a negative effect on tax avoidance. For further research purposes, it is recommended to use other factors considered to affect tax avoidance, such as company size, capital intensity,etc.
Abstrak. Penghindaran Pajak adalah usaha untuk meminimalkan beban pajak yang dilakukan oleh wajib pajak pada batas cakupan ketetapan perundang-undangan perpajakan yang dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan beberapa kelemahan pada undang-undang serta peraturan perpajakan guna mengurangi total pajak yang terutang. Penelitian ini tujuannya untuk memahami pengaruh solvabilitas dan profitabilitas pada penghindaran pajak. Solvabilitas diukur dengan memakai DAR (Debt To Asset Ratio). Pengukuran Profitabilitas dengan memanfaatkan ROA (Return On Asset). Pengukuran Penghindaran Pajak dengan memanfaatkan Cash Effective Tax Rate. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan data sekunder. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan pada penelitian ialah metode kuantitatif dan deskriptif. Objek penelitian ini yaitu perusahaan manufaktur di industri barang konsumsi yang tercatat di BEI selama 4 tahun yaitu 2016-2019. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menerapkan metode purposive sampling untuk mendapatkan sampel dari 21 perusahaan. Uji hipotesis yang dipergunakan pada penelitian ini memakai analisis regresi berganda. Hasil uji hipotesis membuktikan bahwa solvabilitas memberi pengaruh positif pada penghindaran pajak, serta profitabilitas memberi pengaruh negatif pada penghindaran pajak. Diberi saran agar mempelajari lebih lanjut dan memakai beberapa faktor lain yang dianggap memberi pengaruh pada penghindaran pajak, seperti intensitas modal dan ukuran perusahaan.
Tinjauan Etika Bisnis Islam pada Sanksi Blacklist terhadap Konsumen
Authors: Nia Wulansari  , Titin Suprihatin  , Nanik Eprianti  
Published: March 2022

Abstract. A businessman must apply the principles of truth by reflecting a spirit of generosity, a good motive for service, and an attitude toward god's begetting. From principles of righteousness a business automatically gives birth to brotherhood. Business is in the online shop Quenney.id carries a penalty for the consumer which is blacklist sanctions. The purpose of this study is to find a review of the Islamic business ethics regarding the application of blacklist sanctions mechanisms for online shop Queneey.id. These research methods are qualitative. The result of this study is the blacklist sanctioned mechanism given not on the basis of the damage but only for the benefit of the online shop. Which has left consumers unable to communicate and communicate again. This is not in accordance with the ethical principles indicator of the Islamic business's loose generosity and the building of good relations and the ethical concept of the Islamic business. This led to the failure of ethics toward consumers And consumer rights are unfulfilled.
Abstrak. Seorang pembisnis harus menerapkan prinsip kebenaran dengan mencerminkan sikap kemurahan hati, motif pelayanan yang baik, dan sikap akan adanya Allah SWT. Bisnis dalam Online Shop Queneey.id menerapkan sanksi bagi konsumen yaitu sanksi blacklist. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tinjauan Etika Bisnis Islam terhadap mekanisme penerapan sanksi blacklist (daftar hitam) terhadap konsumen pada online shop Queeney.id. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah mekanisme pemberian sanksi blacklist ini diberikan tidak atas dasar adanya kerugian melainkan hanya untuk kepentingan online shop. Yang mengakibatkan konsumen tidak dapat bertranskasi dan berkomunikasi lagi. Hal ini tidak sesuai dengan indikator prinsip etika bisnis Islam longgar bermurah hati dan membangun hubungan baik serta konsep etika bisnis Islam. Hal ini mengakibatkan etika kepada konsumen tidak terlaksana dan hak konsumen tidak terpenuhi .
Analisis Akad Jual-beli Kain Gulungan dalam Penggunaan Hak Khiyar Menurut Fikih Muamalah
Authors: Indriyani  , Yunus Muhammad , Hadiyanto Redi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. This thesis uses the results of (field research) related to "Analysis of the Sale and Purchase Agreement of Rolled Fabrics in the Use of Khiyar Rights According to Fiqh Muamalah (Case Study at Z Market)".This thesis research aims: (1) To find out the concept of khiyar in buying and selling according to muamalah fiqh (2) To find out the practice of khiyar in buying and selling rolled cloth at the Z market (3) To find out an overview of fiqh muamalah the practice of khiyar in buying and selling rolled cloth at Z Market. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method in the field of normative law, namely examining the arguments of the Qur'an and Hadith as well as the opinions of scholars related to khiyar rights in the contract of buying and selling cloth rolls at the Z Market based on primary and secondary data. secondary data obtained from the field. The results of this study indicate that the use of khiyar rights in the sale and purchase of rolled cloth at the Z Market fulfills the pillars and conditions of sale and purchase. Merchants apply a bargaining system and allow the exchange of goods if the discrepancy meets the conditions agreed upon by the seller and the buyer. However, in buying and selling, the seller should guarantee the buyer to khiyar so as not to feel disadvantaged. The sale and purchase transaction between the parties should do justice by bearing the profits and losses so that the benefit in buying and selling can be achieved.
Abstrak. Skripsi ini menggunakan hasil penelitian lapangan (field research) berkaitan dengan “Analisis Akad Jual-beli Kain Gulungan Dalam Penggunaan Hak Khiyar Menurut Fikih Muamalah (Studi Kasus di Pasar Z)”. Penelitian skripsi ini bertujuan: (1) Untuk mengetahui konsep khiyar dalam jual-beli menurut fikih muamalah (2) Untuk mengetahui praktik khiyar dalam jual-beli kain gulungan di pasar Z (3) Untuk mengetahui tinjauan fikih muamalah praktik khiyar dalam jual-beli kain gulungan di Pasar Z. Metode yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dalam bidang ilmu hukum normatif, yaitu mengkaji dalil-dalil al-Qur’an dan Hadits serta pendapat ulama yang terkait hak khiyar dalam akad jual-beli kain gulungan di Pasar Z berdasarkan data primer dan sekunder yang didapatkan dari lapangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan hak khiyar dalam jual-beli kain gulungan di Pasar Balubr Town Square memenuhi rukun dan syarat jual-beli. Pedagang menerapkan sistem tawar-menawar dan memperbolehkan penukaran barang apabila ketidaksesuaian tersebut memenuhi syarat yang telah disepakati penjual dan pembeli. Namun, dalam melakukan jual-beli hendaknya penjual menjamin pembeli untuk khiyar agar tidak merasa dirugikan. Hendaknya, transaksi jual-beli diantara para pihak melakukan keadilan dengan menangggung keuntungan maupun kerugian agar kemashlahatan dalam jual-beli dapat tercapai.
Tinjauan Akad Ijarah terhadap Wanprestasi Sewa Menyewa Indekost pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Avrillia Wulandari Putri Supriyadi  , Ifa Hanifah Senjiati  , Arif Rijal Anshori  
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Ijarah contract is a contract of transfer of usufructuary rights over an item or service through payment of rental wages, without being followed by a transfer of ownership of the goods themselves. One example of an ijarah contract is renting a boarding house, but in its implementation there are unexpected problems that result in termination or cancellation of the agreement. This study aims to find out how the ijarah contract reviews will be rented out in boarding houses in Jayaraga Village, Tarogong Kidul District, Garut Regency during the Covid 19 Pandemic.The research method used is field research with descriptive qualitative research and the sample in this study is the boarding house room located in Jayaraga Village, Tarogong Kidul District, Garut Regency. The data sources used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques used are interviews, direct observation and documentation. The results of the study show that if the ijarah agreement is carried out in renting a boarding house room, it has fulfilled the pillars and conditions of the Ijarah contract, and violations that occur in the ijarah contract must be resolved by both parties without harming either party.
Abstrak. Akad ijarah merupakan akad pemindahan hak guna atas suatu barang atau jasa melalui pembayaran upah sewa, tanpa diikuti dengan pemindahan kepemilikan atas barang itu sendiri. Salah satu contoh dari akad ijarah adalah sewa menyewa kamar indekos, akan tetapi dalam pelaksanaaannya terdapat permasalahan diluar dugaan yang mengakibatkan adanya pemutusan atau pembatalan perjanjian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana tinjauan akad ijarah terhadap akan sewa-menyewa kamar indekos di Desa Jayaraga Kecamatan Tarogong Kidul Kabupaten Garut pada saat masa Pandemi Covid 19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dan sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu kamar Indekos yang berada di Desa Jayaraga Kecamatan Tarogong Kidul Kabupaten Garut. Sumber data yang dugunakan merupakan data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi langsung dan dokumnetasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan jika Akad ijarah yang dilakukan dalam sewa menyewa kamar indekos sudah memenuhi rukun dan syarat Akad Ijarah, dan pelanggaran yang terjadi dalam akad ijarah harus diselesaikan oleh kedua belah pihak tanpa merugikan salah satu pihak.