bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental Factors Affecting Rose Powdery Mildew in Greenhouses1
Authors: Cobb Gary S. , Hanan Joe J. , Baker R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The effects of greenhouse environment and outside weather factors on epidemiology and spore release of powdery mildew of roses (Rosa hybrida L.) caused by the fungus Sphaerotheca pennosa (Wallr.) Lev. var. rosae Wor. were studied. Mildew epidemics were correlated to outside dew point temperatures, and mildew incidence could be reduced to low levels by sulfur vaporization and adopting cultural procedures designed to dry out the greenhouse environment prior to nightfall during seasonal periods when mildew was likely to be prevalent Highest spore release occurred in the period between 1200 to 1600, and was correlated with external variables.
Effect of Glyphosate on Perennial Weed Control and Yield of Muscadine Grapes1
Authors: Daniell Jeff W. , Lane R. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In a muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia Michx.) vineyaid, postemergence applications of glyphosate over a 2-year period at 4.5, 6.7 and 10.1 kg/ha were very effective in controlling weeds tolerant to yearly applications of simazine. There was no injury to 1-year-old or older vines if basal leaves were not contacted by glyphosate sprays. There were no significant effects on yield and soluble solids content of the free-run juice by glyphosate treatments.
Resistance of White-fleshed Sweet Potato Cultivars to the Sweet Potato Weevil1
Authors: Waddill Van H. , Conover Robert A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Five cultivars and 34 selections of white-fleshed and one breeding line of orange-fleshed sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) were evaluated in field plots for resistance to the sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicaius elegantulus (Summers). There were significant differences in susceptibility, with ‘Picadita’ and several selections being the most promising. The variation in weevil susceptibility offers possibilities for developing resistant cultivars.
Effects of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilization in Trickle Irrigation on Yield of Pepper and Polebean
Authors: Jaworski C. A. , Kays S. J. , Smittle D. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L. cv. Hot Hungarian Yellow Wax) and polebeans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Dade) were grown in an intensive production system with film mulch, broad-spectrum soil fumigation and trickle irrigation. Nitrogen was applied through the trickle irrigation tubes at 0.56, 1.12, 2.24, and 4.48 kg/ha per day for the pepper and 0.56, 1.12, 2.24, and 3.36 kg/ha per day (doubled 6 weeks after seeding) for polebeans. Potassium was applied at 0.83 times the N rate. The N and K were applied twice weekly for the polebean and with every irrigation for the pepper. Marketable pepper yields ranged from 59.6 MT/ha with the low fertilizer rate to 96.0 MT/ha with high fertility. Yield increases with increasing fertilizer rates were not as great with polebeans as with peppers but there was a trend for higher yields with increasing fertilizer rates.
Screening for Heat Tolerance in the Genus Lycopersicon1
Authors: Villareal R. L. , Lai S. H. , Wong S. H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Less than 1% (38 of 4050 accessions) of the world collection of the garden tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and related Lycopersicon species displayed a high level of heat tolerance based on fruit setting ability at high temperature. Thirty of these heat-tolerant accessions belong to L. esculentum, 7 to L. pimpinellifolium and 1 is a cross between L. esculentum and L. pimpinellifolium.
Separating Germinated from Ungerminated Seed by Specific Gravity1
Authors: Taylor A. G. , Motes J. E. , Price H. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Seed of germinated celery, Apium graveolens L. (Dulce group) and pepper, Capsicum annuum L. were separated from ungerminated seed by density differences in a sucrose and water solution. The top (floating) fraction in both species had the highest percentage germination and percent and rate of emergence compared to either the bottom fraction or unseparated seed.
U.C. SR-91 Bush, U.C. Top Mark Bush, and U.C. Perlita Bush Muskmelon Breeding Lines1
Authors: Zink F. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
U.C. SR-91 Bush, U.C. Top Mark Bush, and U.C. Perlita Bush are andro-monoecious, short-internode, salmon-orange flesh, muskmelons, Cucumis melo. They have value as a germplasm source for selection as well as for the development of commercial hybrids and/or types for mechanical harvest.
‘Dokodoko’ Watermelon1
Authors: Ito P. J. , Atubra O. K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Dokodoko’ is a new watermelon (citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) selected for its adaptation to the humid tropics with close to 10% soluble solids. The name ‘Dokodoko’ in Ghanian means very sweet.
‘AU-Producer’ Plum1
Authors: Norton Joseph D. , Rymal Kenneth S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘AU-Producer’ is a new plum cultivar (Fig 1) developed by the Department of Horticulture, Auburn University Agricultural Experiment Station for growing in central Alabama, where sufficient chilling of 750 hr of temperature below 7.2° C (45° F) occurs. ‘AU-Producer’ has proven its ability to produce high yields of high quality fruit where certain fruit and disease problems occur.
The cross was made in 1965 and the seedling was selected in 1967 and tested as Bruce 13-18 (Fig. 2).
‘Linn’ Strawberry1
Authors: Lawrence F. J. , Martin L. W. , Varseveld G. W. , Booster D. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Linn’ is a moderately vigorous and productive cultivar of strawberry (Fragaria ⨯ ananassa Duch.) with firm fruit for machine harvest or for a combination of machine and hand harvest. It was named for Linn County, Oregon, an area important in the early development of the strawberry industry in Oregon.
An Evaluation System for Filberts (Corylus avellana L.)1
Authors: Thompson M. M. , Romisondo P. , Germain E. , Vidal-Barraquer R. , Tasias Valls J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A common evaluation system for filberts has been developed by research leaders of breeding programs in U. S., France, Italy, and Spain. The system incorporates important horticultural or economic traits and is independent of specific breeding objectives. To minimize the influence of site and season on certain traits, especially phenological traits, a standard set of well-known cultivars was established, against which all other clones are compared. Ratings are recorded numerically so the data can be readily computerized.
Effect of Rootstock on the Bark Thickness of Peach Scions1
Authors: Yadava U. L. , Doud S. L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Trunk bark thickness of 6 peach clones was significantly affected by seedling root-stocks of peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch). Of the 7 rootstocks tested, Siberian C invariably induced the thickest bark in the scion while Lovell and Halford induced the thinnest scion bark. However, Siberian C grown as unbudded seedling trees did not produce thicker bark than the other rootstocks, similarly grown. The effect was not site- or cultivar-dependent.
Yield and Maturity of ‘Concord’ Grapes following Spring Frost1
Authors: Proebsting E. L. , Brummund V. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Severe frost injury was incurred about full swell on one group and about 4th leaf on another group of ‘Concord’ (Vitis labrusca L.) vines where sprinkling was interrupted during the night. The wet tissues were less cold resistant than dry tissues. Yield was reduced 22% by the early frost, 52% by the later frost. Bloom was delayed 10 days by the early frost, 18 days by the later frost. At harvest the berries were larger than non-frosted on the early-frosted vines and equal in size on the late-frosted vines. Color and soluble solids were lower on the frosted vines.
Cold Acclimation of Everbearing Strawberry Blossoms1
Authors: Boyce B. R. , Marini R. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Controlled freezing of everbearing strawberry blossoms (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) at weekly intervals during the autumn bloom period indicated that the killing temperature decreased about 2°C. During the June bloom period, the killing temperature was similar for June-bearing and everbearing cultivars.
Repeated Application of Soil-residual Herbicides and Yield and Quality of ‘Valencia’ Oranges1
Authors: Jordan L. S. , Russell R. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The repeated application of simazine, diuron, bromacil, and a diuron-bromacil mixture over a 5-year period had no significant effects on yield or fruit quality characteristics of ‘Valencia’ oranges.
Effects of Developing Fruits on Production and Translocation of 14C-labeled Assimilates in Cucumber1
Authors: Barrett James E. , Amling Harry J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Selected leaves on fruiting and non-fruiting plants of ‘Southern Cross’ cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) were pulsed with 14CO2 for 30 minutes. After 24 hours, 4 to 6 times more 14C-labelled assimilates were recovered from fruiting than non-fruiting plants. Leaves on fruiting and non-fruiting plants exported 85% and 45% of the assimilated 14C, respectively. Leaf position had no effect on the amount of 14C recovered or on percent transported.
Introduction to the Symposium
Authors: Upton Werner J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Moisture relations of the air, most commonly expressed as relative humanidity (RH), have been ignored in much postharvest research on horticultural crops in spite of the self-evident importance of the topic. This neglect was brought home to me quite forcefully a few years ago when I reviewed the literature on RH recommendations for the storage of vegetables. To my suprise and consternation, I found that most of the recommendations were based on resonable-seeming guesses rather than on experimental evidence. As it turned out, carefully developed evidence has since shown that many of the guesses were not so reasonable, after all.
Relative Humidity as a Factor in the Structure and Histochemistry of Plants
Authors: Morrison Baird Lisa A. , Webster Barbara D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The humidity of the atmosphere profoundly affects every aspect of morphogenesis and the practical importance of this has provided the impetus for extensive research, particularly in agriculture. Maximov’s (13) excellent monograph delineates the effects of various moisture regimes on growth, structure and composition of crop plants, and Wangerman’s (23) review focuses on effects of water supply and humidity on plants which can regulate their water content and those which cannot. These and other reviewers have been quick to point out that effects of relative humidity are frequently confounded by interrelationships with other factors, including particularly temperature, light and soil moisture. Thus the analysis of morphological and histochemical effects of atmospheric humidity per se is frequently difficult.
Role of Water Potential in Microbial Growth and Development of Plant Disease, With Special Reference to Postharvest Pathology1
Authors: James Cook R. , Papendick R. I. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The subject of water relations in microbial growth and development of plant disease has been reviewed extensively (11, 13, 14, 18, 19, 28, 34), as has the subject of water relations of wood decay and growth of wood-decay fungi (20). This paper will not duplicate earlier reviews, except as necessary to present some basic principles. Our paper has 5 parts: 1) the water potential concept; 2) methods to measure water potential; 3) water potential requirements for growth of bacteria and fungi; 4) water potentials of the tissues of some fruits and vegetables after harvest; and 5) water potential and the development of disease.
Tomato Fruit Color Measured with an Agtron E5-W Reflectance Spectrophotometer1
Authors: Kader Adel A. , Morris Leonard L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A reflectance spectrophotometer (Agtron E5-W) was found to be a useful laboratory tool for nondestructive determination of tomato fruit color as an indicator of ripeness classes and changes in ripeness in postharvest studies. Values obtained represent the average green and red color hues of the whole fruit which is rotated dueing the measurement.
Performance of ‘Centennial’ Sweet Potato Mutants1
Authors: Love John E. , Hernandez Travis P. , Mahmood Marziah 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Yield, quality, and respiration studies were conducted with 23 mutations of the ‘Centennial’ sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam). None of the mutant selections produced significantly higher yields than the original cultivar. Total carotenoid pigments of mutant clones ranged between 1 and 14 mg per 100 g of fresh tissue, with 10 mutants not different from the original cultivar and 13 with less pigments. Dry matter content varied from 26 to 34% in the fleshy roots with 4 selections significantly higher than the ‘Centennial’ roots. Dark skin color (rose or purple) was accompanied by orange flesh color in all samples tested. There was a large variation in respiration rates of storage roots between mutant clones and ‘Centennial’ roots.
Effects of Container Media and Backfill Composition on the Establishment of Container-grown Plants in the Landscape1
Authors: Ingram Dewayne L. , van de Werken Hendrik 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The addition of peat-perlite to backfill soil increased the initial root movement through the backfill of transplanted holly (Ilex crenata Thunb. cv. Green Luster) grown in a peat-perlite medium. Backfill composition had no effect on the initial movement of roots of plants grown in a soil-peat-sand or pine bark-sand medium.
Phenotypic Correlations between Senescent Leaf, Dormant Bud Scale, and Flower Color in Rhododendron japonicum 1
Authors: Ackerman W. L. , Creech J. L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A screening method based on senescent leaves and dormant bud scales was developed to predict flower color among segregating seedling populations of Rhododendron Japonicum (Gray) Suringar.
Effects of Three Ambient Temperatures on Rooting of Ilex crenata Thunb. cv. Convexa1
Authors: Blazich Frank A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Many studies have been reported on the propagation of Ilex species by stem cuttings (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) but none have appeared on the influence of ambient temp on the rooting process. The following investigation was undertaken to study the effects of 3 ambient temp on rooting holly stem cuttings.
Soil Heating Effects on Bench-grown Chrysanthemums1
Authors: Barrett R. E. , Ormrod D. P. , Jung R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Plants of ‘#2 Golden Shoesmith’ and ‘Fred Shoesmith’ chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) were grown in soil-filled greenhouse benches with soil heating by warmed water in buried pipes. During the growing period a soil temperature of about 23°C (21°-25°) initially increased stem elongation and shoot fresh weight of ‘#2 Golden Shoesmith’ plants compared with about 19° (17°-20°) or ambient (10.5°-15.5°). Both 23° and 19° later slowed stem elongation and decreased shoot and root fresh weights compared with ambient soil temperature. Soil temperature had little effect on growth and development of ‘Fred Shoe-smith’. Soil heating advanced harvest date by about 2 to 3 days, but did not affect dimensions or weight of inflorescence.
Ethylene Evolution by Petioles of Sleeved Poinsettia Plants1
Authors: Sacalis J. N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Potted poinsettia plants (Euphorbia pulcherrima Klotzsch ex. Willd., cv Annette Hegg Supreme) wrapped in polyethylene or paper sleeves for 24 hours developed petiolar curvatures of leaves, giving plants a contorted appearance. Excised petioles from sleeved plants evolved much greater quantities of ethylene than did similar excised petioles of unsleeved plants. Use of paper sleeves produced effects identical to those produced in plants which were placed in polyethylene sleeves. Ethylene evolution as a result of sleeving was most prominent in bracts, intermediate in younger leaves, and least prominent in older leaves.
‘Sea Urchin’, ‘Green Shadow’, ‘Blue Shag’ and ‘UConn’ Eastern White Pine1
Authors: Waxman Sidney 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Somatic bud mutations called witches’-brooms are excellent sources of new dwarf forms of conifers. In previous years scions of witches’-broom were grafted on seedlings of the species to supply dwarf garden shrubs resembling the parent broom. Such well known dwarf evergreens as Picea abies ‘Maxwellii’, Picea abies ‘Tabuliformis’, Pinus sylvestris ‘Beuvronensis’ and Pinus nigra ‘Hornibrookiana’ originated as grafts from witches’-brooms in 1874, 1890, 1891 and 1932 respectively (1, 2, 3, 5).
I.T.-9 and I.T.-18 Rose Rootstocks12
Authors: Buck Griffith J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Although roses have been propagated by grafting for more than a century, there has been relatively no concerted breeding effort to develop rootstocks (understocks) as has been done for rosaceous fruit crops. Selection of cultivars, both asexually and sexually propagated, that have been used for propagating roses has come about so far more by fortuitious circumstance than by design. A survey (1) of rootstocks used in rose propagation indicated that the largest number were derivatives of either the Caninae or the Synstylae tribes, with the Caninae being more prevalent in Europe and the Synstylae in the U.S. Also, the survey delineated those qualities desired as well as those in which the commonly-used rose root-stocks were deficient. Characteristics found lacking were root flexibility, a trait of importance to to all nurserymen packaging rose plants either for sale or shipment, tolerance to low soil temp, and resistance or tolerance to soil-borne pests such as nematodes.
Slide Sets
Authors: Memmler Eugene 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Our food, fiber, and ornamental plants contain a hidden cost for pest control and insect damage of $200 per year for each citizen of the U. S. The corn earworm on the cover, Heliothis zea (Boddie), is an example of one of the commonest and most destructive pests in the U.S. In addition to injuring corn, it attacks cotton (where it is known as the cotton bollworm) and tomatoes (where it is know as the green tomato worm)
Apple Photosynthesis: Microclimate of The Tree and Orchard1
Authors: Proctor J. T. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The growth and cropping of apple trees, as with other crops, is dependent largely upon environment. The environment consists of two distinct components, the soil and the atmosphere, which, while sharply divided by the surface of the earth, interact with each other. The aerial component’s influence on production can be considered on three scales. The macro scale and hence macro climate is a regional climate, e.g. the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia. The next scale is the individual farm, or less, where the macroclimate can be modified by factors such as exposure, altitude, slope and aspect. The resultant local climate is the mesoclimate. Microclimate, the third scale, includes detailed studies close to the earth’s surface, and within the orchard and tree.
Apple Leaves, Their Morphology And Photosynthetic Potential1
Authors: Barden John A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
There has recently been a resurgence in interest in the photosynthetic efficiency of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees. During the 1930’s and early 1940’s several papers were published relating to leaf morphology and the effects of various factors such as water relations, nutrition, and pesticides on net photosynthesis (Pn) of apple leaves. From the mid 1940’s until the mid 1960’s little relevant research was published. Renewed emphasis began to be apparent by the mid 1960’s, partially as the result of greatly improved equipment, particularly the infrared gas analyzer (IRGA). This discussion is devoted to the maximum net photo synthetic potential of apple leaves, the factors which have been shown to influence it, and areas which need further research if we are to fully exploit the inherent capability for CO2 fixation.
In Vitro Propagation of Aranda Wendy Scott and Aranthera James Storei1
Authors: Cheah K. T. , Sagawa Y. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Clonal propagation in vitro of Aranda Wendy Scott ‘Greenfield’ and Aranthera James Storei was achieved with Vacin and Went medium (VW) supplemented with coconut water (CW) (15% by volume) or green banana (GB) (50 g/liter) or by omission of sucrose (Su). Induction of protocorm-like bodies (plb) on explants of apical and axillary buds was accomplished on VW + 15%CW and multiplication of plb in VW − 2%Su + 15%CW. Shoots were induced on solid VW − 2%Su for Aranthera James Storei and solid VW − 2%Su + 15%CW + 5%GB for Aranda Wendy Scott. Roots were induced on solid VW + 15%CW + 5%GB medium.
Establishing Asparagus from Seedling Transplants1
Authors: Ombrello Thomas M. , Garrison Stephen A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L) was established in the field from 9 and 12-week-old greenhouse-grown seedlings and by direct seeding. Initial and over winter survival of transplants was not affected by age of seedling, method of growing, or the use of the an transparent Wilt-Pruf. Transplants produced more shoots, were taller and exhibited higher survival than seedlings established by direct seeding.
Drought Resistance of Kentucky Bluegrass Cultivars1
Authors: Dernoeden P. H. , Butler J. D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In a field test of 25 Kentucky bluegrass cultivars (Poa pratensis L.) “common types” were generally more drought tolerant than recently introduced turf types. ‘Code 95’, a common type, and ‘Merion’ exhibited high drought resistance and produced turf of good color, texture, and density. Turf mowed at 3.8 cm was more resistant to drought than turf maintained at 1.9 cm.
Introduction to the Symposium
Authors: Maynard Donald N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Plant productivity is the end result of the interaction of the plant with its environment. Consequently, improvements in plant performance have occurred with manipulation of the environment to provide a more suitable milieu for growth. At the same time, the character of the plant has been changed to better exploit the improved surroundings. Together, and only together, can genetic and environmental improvements interact to manifest maximum plant productivity. Many of the accomplishments leading to improved efficiency and yields were reviewed by Cooke et al. (3) and Wittwer (8) and the potential future impact on yields was assessed by Howell (7).
Photosynthetic Efficiency and Crop Production
Authors: Ozbun J. L 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We have witnessed an increasing interest in national and international food production over the past several years. The need for increased food production is covered in several documents such as Agricultural Production Efficiency (1), World Food and Nutrition Study (3). The World Food Problem (2), Food for Billions (5). Photosynthesis, Photorespiration and Plant Production (25), CO2 Metabolism and Plant Production (7) and an entire issue of Science (18).
Potential For Nitrogen Fixation in Vegetables1
Authors: Zobel R. W. , Wallace D. H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Plants growing in nature provide a continuous array of biological efficiencies related to mineral nutrition. Nearly all of the temperate and tropical areas of the earth are covered with species adapted to the unique properties of particular soils. These properties may represent the extremes in element availability from very deficient to toxic levels and may be associated with wide ranges in pH.