bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rationalising the use of specimen pots following colorectal polypectomy: a small step towards greener endoscopy
Authors: Yong Karl King , He Yun , Cheung Hoi Ching Annie , Sriskandarajah Ramya , Jenkins William , Goldin Robert , Beg Sabina 
Published: November 2022

AimsIn this study, we aim to determine whether combining multiple small colorectal polyps within a single specimen pot can reduce carbon footprint, without an associated deleterious clinical impact.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study of colorectal polyps resected during 2019, within the Imperial College Healthcare Trust. The numbers of pots for polypectomy specimens were calculated and corresponding histology results were extracted. We modelled the potential reduction in carbon footprint if all less than 10 mm polyps were sent together and the number of advanced lesions we would not be able to locate if we adopted this strategy. Carbon footprint was estimated based on previous study using a life-cycle assessment, at 0.28 kgCO2e per pot.ResultsA total of 11 781 lower gastrointestinal endoscopies were performed. There were 5125 polyps removed and 4192 pots used, equating to a carbon footprint of 1174 kgCO2e. There were 4563 (89%) polyps measuring 0–10 mm. 6 (0.1%) of these polyps were cancers, while 12 (0.2%) demonstrated high-grade dysplasia. If we combined all small polyps in a single pot, total pot usage could be reduced by one-third (n=2779).ConclusionA change in practice by placing small polyps collectively in one pot would have resulted in reduction in carbon footprint equivalent to 396 kgCO2e (emissions from 982 miles driven by an average passenger car). The reduction in carbon footprint from judicious use of specimen pots would be amplified with a change in practice on a national level.
Evaluation of the First Lap learn to swim voucher programme: protocol
Authors: Macniven Rona , Angell Blake , Srinivasan Nivi , Awati Kailash , Chatman James , Peden Amy E 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionSwimming skills are an evidence-based component of drowning prevention. However, in Australia, many children miss out on learn to swim education. Voucher programmes may reduce swimming lesson cost and increase participation, especially among priority populations. The First Lap voucher programme provides two New South Wales state government-funded $100 vouchers for parents/carers of preschool children to contribute to swimming lesson costs. This evaluation aims to determine the effectiveness of the programme in meeting objectives of increasing preschool-aged children participating in learn to swim programmes and building parent/carer knowledge and awareness of the importance of preschool-aged children learning to swim.Methods and analysisA programme logic model was developed to explain the inputs, activities and intended outputs, and outcomes, which guided this mixed-methods evaluation design of quantitative and qualitative analysis within an impact/outcome evaluation. Baseline sociodemographic registration data will be provided by the parent/carer of each child participant and linked to swim school provider data on voucher redemption. Data will be collected on voucher use, knowledge, and attitudes to swimming lessons at registration and across two surveys. An economic evaluation will assess programme cost-effectiveness.ConclusionThis evaluation will determine impacts on participation rates in learn to swim programmes, particularly within priority populations. It will examine whether the programme has influenced attitudes and motivations of parents and carers toward learn to swim programmes and water safety, whether the programme has impacted or enhanced the ability of the aquatics sector to deliver learn to swim programmes and assess its cost-effectiveness.
Mental health inequalities in times of crisis: evolution between 2005 and 2021 among the Spanish salaried population
Authors: Esteve-Matalí Laura , Llorens-Serrano Clara , Alonso Jordi , Vilagut Gemma , Moncada Salvador , Navarro-Giné Albert 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundStudying the working population’s mental health in times of crisis (such as the 2008 recession or the COVID-19 pandemic) is very relevant. This study aims to assess the prevalence of poor mental health among the Spanish salaried population, according to the labour market inequality axes (2005–2021).MethodsRepeated cross-sectional study by comparing different surveys from 2005, 2010, 2016 and 2021 on workers residing in Spain who had been working in a salaried job during the week preceding the survey. n=7197 (2005), n=4985 (2010), n=1807 (2016) and n=18 870 (2021). Outcome variable: poor mental health (Mental Health Inventory of the 36-item Short Form Health Survey scale). Explanatory variables: gender, age, occupational class and type of contract. Prevalence of poor mental health was estimated for each year by means of logistic regression models with robust clustered SEs, stratifying by the explanatory variables. Additionally, prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated by means of robust Poisson regression models to assess differences between the explanatory variables’ categories. All analyses were weighted to address unrepresentativeness.ResultsPoor mental health significantly increased in 2021 (55.92%), compared with the previous years of study (15%–17.72%). Additionally, pattern changes were identified on inequality axes in 2021, with better mental health status among older workers (oldest group PR: 0.76; 95% CI 0.71 to 0.8) and permanent workers (PR: 0.9; 95% CI 0.85 to 0.94).ConclusionThis study shows a steep worsening of mental health among the salaried population in 2021 compared with previous periods. In 2021, health inequalities have apparently narrowed, although not by improving the disadvantaged groups’ mental health but by worsening the typically advantaged groups’ mental health.
Water quality parameters and constituent concentrations measured in the Peel and Arctic Red Rivers, 2007–2010
Authors: Gareis Jolie A.L. , Lesack Lance F.W. 
Published: November 2022

Outflow from north-flowing circumpolar rivers has a strong influence on the Arctic Ocean. The Peel and Arctic Red Rivers are tributaries of the Mackenzie Delta, a large, lake-rich floodplain that forms the interface between the Mackenzie River and the Beaufort Sea basin of the Arctic Ocean. Here, we present water quality data that were collected from the Peel and Arctic Red Rivers between 2007 and 2010 as part of an International Polar Year project that investigated the seasonal hydrology and biogeochemistry of the Mackenzie River and its delta. The Peel River was sampled 57 times between May 2007 and September 2010 upstream of the community of Fort McPherson, Northwest Territories (NT), while the Arctic Red River was sampled 32 times between May 2007 and August 2008 (with one additional sample in June 2010) approximately 0.5 km upstream of its confluence with the Mackenzie River near the community of Tsiigehtchic, NT. Each water sample was analyzed for up to 22 water quality parameters, including water temperature, specific conductivity, pH, chlorophyll a, total suspended sediments, particulate nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus), soluble reactive silica, major ions (calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate), dissolved carbon (inorganic and organic fractions), and dissolved nutrients (three nitrogen and two phosphorus fractions). This data set, which is available for download and reuse, provides important baseline information about water quality in the Peel and Arctic Red Rivers, complements other data that have been collected in these watersheds, and will be of interest to researchers, resource managers, Indigenous organizations, and governments that are active in the region.
Reheating and particle creation in unimodular f(R, T) gravity
Authors: Rajabi Fateme , Nozari Kourosh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe study cosmological inflation and reheating in the unimodular f(R, T) gravity. During the reheating era, which takes place just after the end of inflation, the energy density of inflaton is converted to radiation energy through, for instance, rapid oscillation about the minimum of the potential. We quantify our investigation by calculating the reheating temperature. This quantity is written in terms of the spectral index and the power spectrum, which provides a suitable framework to constrain the parameter space of the model. We discuss the massless particle creation for a spatially flat, homogeneous and isotropic universe in the context of unimodular f(R, T) gravity. We obtain the number of created particles per unit volume of space. To avoid the complexity of solving the fourth order equations, we analyze the reheating in the Einstein frame by considering some specific illustrative examples and obtain the corresponding analytical solutions in addition to some numerical estimations.
Neutrino specific spin-3/2 dark matter
Authors: Goyal Ashok , Khojali Mohammed Omer , Kumar Mukesh , Cornell Alan S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper we consider a spin-$$\frac{3}{2}$$32dark matter (DM) particle which couples to neutrinos, as a viable candidate to produce the observed DM relic density through the thermal freeze-out mechanism. The couplings of DM to neutrinos is considered first in a general dimension-6 effective field theory framework. We then consider two specific neutrino-portal models discussed in the literature. In the first model DM couples to the standard model neutrinos through mixing generated by a sterile pseudo-Dirac massive neutrino, and in the second model we consider the$$U(1)_{L_\mu - L_\tau }$$U(1)Lμ-Lτgauge symmetric model. For each of these models we explore the parameter space required to generate the observed relic density. The constraints on the parameters of these models from the existing and proposed neutrino experiments, as well as from existing cosmological and astrophysical bounds, are considered in the context of the relic density calculations.
$$e^+e^-$$ annihilation on the stochastic background of primordial gravitational waves with BKP18
Authors: Malsawmtluangi N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe evolution of inflationary primordial gravitational waves with the expansion of the universe is studied while taking into account the $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

annihilation which leads to step correction in the spectrum of primordial gravitational waves which is $$\sim 10\%$$

∼
10
%

in the amplitude and $$\sim 25\%$$

∼
25
%

in the energy density. The amplitudes and energy densities are studied for the $$\alpha $$
α
-attractor inflation models which are in agreement with the recent BICEP/Keck and Planck 2018 joint result. The energy densities are well within the big bang nucleosynthesis bound, but the spectra for these models are very much below the detection range of the currently operating and upcoming detectors.
Роль процесів ліпідної пероксидації у розвитку порушень жовчоутворювальної функції печінки за умов скелетної травми і гострої крововтрати, поєднаної з механічним ушкодженням шкіри, та ефективність PRP-терапії
Authors: Смаглій З. В. 
Published: November 2022

Мета робота: з’ясувати роль процесів ліпідної пероксидації у розвитку порушень жовчоутворювальної функції печінки за умов скелетної травми і гострої крововтрати, поєднаної з механічним ушкодженням шкіри, та ефективність PRP-терапії.
Матеріали і методи. В експериментах використано 186 нелінійних білих щурів-самців масою 180–200 г, яких поділили на пʼять груп: контрольну та чотири дослідні. До контрольної групи увійшли інтактні тварин, яких тільки вводили в наркоз. У дослідній групі 1 тваринам моделювали механічне ушкодження шкіри, у дослідній групі 2 моделювали скелетну травму, ускладнену гострою крововтратою, у дослідній групі 3 ці ушкодження поєднували. У дослідній групі 4 тваринам із поєднаною травмою проводили PRP-терапію із застосуванням збагаченої тромбоцитами алогенної плазми. Через 3, 7, 14, 21 і 28 діб посттравматичного періоду у контрольній і дослідній групах щурів катетеризували загальну жовчну протоку і збирали жовч, в якій визначали вміст сумарних жовчних кислот. У гомогенаті печінки визначали вміст реагентів до тіобарбітурової кислоти (ТБК-активні продукти ПОЛ).
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Внаслідок моделювання механічного ушкодження шкіри, скелетної травми, ускладненої гострою крововтратою, та їх поєднання у печінці піддослідних тварин посилювалися процеси ліпідної пероксидації, що супроводжувалося зростанням вмісту ТБК-активних продуктів ПОЛ, вміст яких не досягав рівня контролю до закінчення експерименту. Динаміка досліджуваного показника була хвилеподібною з першим максимумом через 7 діб посттравматичного періоду і повторним – через 21 добу. Вміст сумарних жовчних кислот у жовчі до 7 доби знижувався, залишався на такому ж рівні до 21 доби, а далі до 28 доби експерименту зростав, не досягаючи рівня контролю. Зі збільшенням тяжкості травми активність процесів ліпідної пероксидації та порушення синтезу жовчних кислот в печінці збільшувалися. Внаслідок застосування PRP-терапії у групі щурів з поєднаною травмою, порівняно з тваринами без корекції, вміст у печінці ТБК-активних продуктів ПОЛ, від початку 21 доби статистично вірогідно знижувався, а вміст у жовчі сумарних жовчних кислот зростав.
Внаслідок механічного ушкодження шкірних покривів у печінці травмованих тварин посилюються процеси ліпідної пероксидації, що сприяє сповільненню синтезу жовчних кислот мембранами ендоплазматичного ретикулуму. Застосування внутрішньодермального введення збагаченої тромбоцитами алогенної плазми знижує системні прояви травматичної хвороби, що проявляється пригніченням процесів ліпідної пероксидації в печінці та зниженням порушень функціонального стану мембран ендоплазматичного ретикулуму.
Plinio, o Velho e o estudo das aves
Authors: Martins Lilian Al-Chueyr Pereira , Navarro Pedro de Lima 
Published: November 2022

Uma das poucas obras preservadas de Gaius Plinius Secundus (23/24 A.D.-79 A.D.), mais conhecido como Plinio, o Velho, é Naturalis Historiae (“História Natural”), composta por trinta e sete livros que tratam de diversos assuntos, incluindo os animais. No Livro X dessa obra, o autor discute sobre a natureza das aves. O presente trabalho consiste em uma tradução comentada dos primeiros três capítulos desse livro em que ele aborda o avestruz, a fênix e a águia. Essa pequena amostra dá uma ideia do estilo de Plínio e de sua metodologia, que são bastante diferentes dos adotados nos estudos sobre animais de outro autor da Antiguidade, Aristóteles (384 a.C.-322 a.C.). Inicialmente, apresentamos Plinio, o Velho ao leitor, dando algumas informações sobre sua vida e obra. A seguir, damos alguns detalhes sobre a tradução e finalmente, apresentamos a própria tradução.
Incidental Coronary Artery Calcium: Opportunistic Screening of Previous Nongated Chest Computed Tomography Scans to Improve Statin Rates (NOTIFY-1 Project)
Authors: Sandhu Alexander T. , Rodriguez Fatima , Ngo Summer , Patel Bhavik N. , Mastrodicasa Domenico , Eng David , Khandwala Nishith , Balla Sujana , Sousa Doug , Maron David J. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Coronary artery calcium (CAC) can be identified on nongated chest computed tomography (CT) scans, but this finding is not consistently incorporated into care. A deep learning algorithm enables opportunistic CAC screening of nongated chest CT scans. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of notifying clinicians and patients of incidental CAC on statin initiation.

Methods:
NOTIFY-1 (Incidental Coronary Calcification Quality Improvement Project) was a randomized quality improvement project in the Stanford Health Care System. Patients without known atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or a previous statin prescription were screened for CAC on a previous nongated chest CT scan from 2014 to 2019 using a validated deep learning algorithm with radiologist confirmation. Patients with incidental CAC were randomly assigned to notification of the primary care clinician and patient versus usual care. Notification included a patient-specific image of CAC and guideline recommendations regarding statin use. The primary outcome was statin prescription within 6 months.

Results:

Among 2113 patients who met initial clinical inclusion criteria, CAC was identified by the algorithm in 424 patients. After chart review and additional exclusions were made, a radiologist confirmed CAC among 173 of 194 patients (89.2%) who were randomly assigned to notification or usual care. At 6 months, the statin prescription rate was 51.2% (44/86) in the notification arm versus 6.9% (6/87) with usual care (
P
<0.001). There was also more coronary artery disease testing in the notification arm (15.1% [13/86] versus 2.3% [2/87];
P
=0.008).

Conclusions:
Opportunistic CAC screening of previous nongated chest CT scans followed by clinician and patient notification led to a significant increase in statin prescriptions. Further research is needed to determine whether this approach can reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04789278.
Significance of Baseline Ischemic Core Volume on Stroke Outcome After Endovascular Therapy in Patients Age ≥75 Years: A Pooled Analysis of Individual Patient Data From 7 Trials
Authors: Tanaka Koji , Goyal Mayank , Menon Bijoy K. , Campbell Bruce C.V. , Mitchell Peter J. , Jovin Tudor G. , Dávalos Antoni , Jansen Olav , Muir Keith W. , White Phil M. , Bracard Serge , Achit Hamza , Dippel Diederik W.J. , Majoie Charles B.L.M. , Hill Michael D. , Brown Scott , Demchuk Andrew M. ,   on behalf of the HERMES Collaborators
Published: November 2022

Background:
Age and infarct volume are strong predictors of outcome in patients with ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular therapy (EVT). We aimed to investigate the impact of ischemic core volume (ICV) on stroke outcome after EVT in elderly.

Methods:
Using the HERMES (Highly Effective Reperfusion Using Multiple Endovascular Devices) collaboration, a patient-level meta-analysis of 7 randomized trials in which patients were enrolled from December 2010 to April 2015) dataset, we categorized patients into those aged <75 and ≥75 years. ICV was calculated on computed tomography perfusion or magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging. The association between ICV and the benefit of EVT over best medical treatment on outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] at 90 days) and an ICV threshold for high likelihood (≥90%) of very poor outcome (mRS score ≥5) after EVT were investigated.

Results:

A total of 899 patients who had baseline ICV data, 247 patients aged ≥75 years, of which 118 were randomized in the EVT arm. Patients aged ≥75 years required smaller ICV to achieve mRS score ≤3 than those aged <75 years in the EVT arm (median 10.7 mL versus 23.9 mL,
P
<0.001). In patients aged ≥75 years, modeling of outcome in both treatment arms revealed potential loss of effect for EVT at ICV of ≥50 mL or ≥85 mL for achieving mRS score ≤3 or ≤4, respectively. Treatment effect of EVT was significant in ICV <50 mL for mRS ≤3 (odds ratio 2.38, 95% confidence interval 1.35–4.22). ICV ≥132 mL was a threshold for high likelihood of very poor outcome after EVT. However, EVT still predicted at least 30% rate of mRS ≤3 at 150 mL ICV if near-complete or complete reperfusion was achieved.

Conclusions:
Baseline ICV has an impact on stroke outcome after EVT in the elderly, but elderly patients with large ICV may still benefit from EVT if near-complete or complete reperfusion is achieved. Young patients seem to benefit from EVT regardless of ICV status.
A quantitative and qualitative open citation analysis of retracted articles in the humanities
Authors: Heibi Ivan , Peroni Silvio 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this article, we show and discuss the results of a quantitative and qualitative analysis of open citations of retracted publications in the humanities domain. Our study was conducted by selecting retracted papers in the humanities domain and marking their main characteristics (e.g., retraction reason). Then, we gathered the citing entities and annotated their basic metadata (e.g., title, venue, subject) and the characteristics of their in-text citations (e.g., intent, sentiment). Using these data, we performed a quantitative and qualitative study of retractions in the humanities, presenting descriptive statistics and a topic modeling analysis of the citing entities’ abstracts and the in-text citation contexts. As part of our main findings, we noticed that there was no drop in the overall number of citations after the year of retraction, with few entities that have either mentioned the retraction or expressed a negative sentiment toward the cited publication. In addition, on several occasions, we noticed a higher concern/awareness by citing entities belonging to the health sciences domain about citing a retracted publication, compared with the humanities and social science domains. Philosophy, arts, and history are the humanities areas that showed higher concern toward the retraction.
Public Engagement on Weather and Climate with a Monsoon Fantasy Forecasting Game
Authors: Guido Zack , McMahan Ben , Hoy Dharma , Larsen Calvin , Delgado Benni , Granillo Rey L. , Crimmins Michael 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The North American monsoon generates heavy rainfall across the southwestern United States between July and September, delivering beneficial moisture to the region and creating hazards that affect public and personal safety. The monsoon thus has the rapt attention of the public and science community, providing an opportunity to improve weather and climate literacy and public engagement in science. Engaging the public to forecast weather and climate phenomenon through contests offers an innovative way to reach diverse audiences and increase weather and climate literacy. We describe a “Monsoon Fantasy Forecasting” game conducted in 2021 with approximately 300 participants. The game that engaged the public in the forecasting of monthly rainfall at cities in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. We report on the game’s interactive design, results, and feedback. We show that the game attracted a diverse audience who was not the typical weather and climate enthusiast, and we provide suggestive results that the game may have influenced the players information-seeking behaviors. We argue that activities that provoke people to observe and think routinely about climate can help educate and build awareness about weather and climate issues.
Global Atmospheric Composition Observations: The Heart of Vital Climate and Environmental Action
Authors: Carmichael Gregory R. , Tarasova Oksana , Hov Øystein , Barrie Leonard , Butler James H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Further long-term investments in high-quality, research-driven, fit-for-purpose observations of atmospheric composition are needed globally to meet urgent societal needs related to weather, climate, air quality, and other environmental issues. Challenges include maintaining current observing systems in the face of eroding budgets for long-term monitoring and filling the geographical gaps for key constituents needed for sound services and policies. The observing systems can be bolstered through science-for-services applications, by embracing interoperable observation systems and standardized metadata, and ensuring that the data are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. There is an urgent need to move from opportunities-driven one-component observations to more systematic, planned multifunctional infrastructure, where the observational data flow is coupled with Earth system models to serve both operational and research purposes. This approach fosters a community where user experience feeds back into the research components and where mature research results are translated into operational applications. This will lead to faster exploration and exploitation of atmospheric composition information and more impactful applications for science and society. We discuss here the urgent need to (i) achieve global coverage, (ii) harmonize infrastructure operations, (iii) establish focused policies, and (iv) strengthen coordination of atmospheric composition infrastructure.