bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Deep Convective Clouds, Precipitation, and Cloud Properties of Rapidly Intensifying Tropical Cyclones in the Western North Pacific
Authors: Liu Chian‐Yi , Punay Jason Pajimola , Wu Chun‐Chieh , Chung Kao‐Shen , Aryastana Putu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractToward the understanding of rapid intensification (RI) of tropical cyclones (TCs) in the western North Pacific, the TC's deep convective cloud (DCC), precipitation, and cloud properties in terms of cloud effective radius, optical thickness, and top height from satellite observations are investigated. Mean and radial distributions of the variables at different intensity stages and intensification categories are examined. The relationship indicates that the DCC percentage and temperature, especially their radial distributions, could be used to identify an impending RI regardless of TC intensity. Meanwhile, the mean and radial distribution of precipitation may discriminate RI from non‐RI in tropical depression (TD) and tropical storm (TS). The radial distribution of the cloud properties in rapidly intensifying TD and TS also suggest that most of the clouds near the center of the storm has deepened already while those that are far from the center are generally in developing or dissipating stage. Moreover, rapidly intensifying TCs, regardless of their intensities, manifest common DCC, precipitation, and cloud properties characteristics near the TC center. It is to be noted that the different mean and radial distribution characteristics of the variables between initial and continuing stages of RI are inferred to be artifacts of their intensities and RI rates (or radius of maximum wind sizes) rather than whether the TCs are at the onset or 24 hr of RI.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Pediatric Adherence and Self-Management: Topical Reviews and Clinical Applications of Evidence-Based Assessment and Intervention
Authors: Plevinsky Jill M. , Carmody Julia K. , Young Melissa A. 
Published: December 2022

Objective: Approximately 1 in 5 children in the United States live with a chronic illness that affects their daily functioning. Due to the high prevalence of chronic conditions requiring children and their caregivers to take on treatment and disease management responsibilities, it is crucial to (a) examine the empirical support for and (b) consider the clinical application of evidence-based assessment and intervention designed to target pediatric adherence and self-management. Thus, the purpose of this special issue is to highlight applications of evidence-based adherence and self-management assessment and intervention across various chronic conditions. Methods: Articles including a topical review and a clinical application of an evidence-based adherence and self-management assessment and/or intervention were considered for this issue. Results: This special issue includes 8 articles highlighting topical reviews and clinical applications of adherence and self-management assessment and/or intervention for diverse pediatric populations. Additionally, this issue explores ethical considerations, clinically-integrated brief interventions, as well as the use of technology and digital tools to promote adherence and self-management. Conclusions: This special issue highlights the clinical application of evidence-based assessment and intervention within the field of pediatric adherence and self-management. Implications for Impact Statement The aim of this Special Issue is to contribute to the existing literature base, specifically the clinical application of evidence-based adherence and self-management assessment and intervention, for youth diagnosed with chronic medical conditions.
Effect of M2-like macrophages of the injured-kidney cortex on kidney cancer progression
Authors: Ishii Taisuke , Mimura Imari , Nagaoka Koji , Naito Akihiro , Sugasawa Takehito , Kuroda Ryohei , Yamada Daisuke , Kanki Yasuharu , Kume Haruki , Ushiku Tetsuo , Kakimi Kazuhiro , Tanaka Tetsuhiro , Nangaku Masaomi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) affects kidney cancer patients’ mortality. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. M2-like macrophages have pro-tumor functions, also exist in injured kidney, and promote kidney fibrosis. Thus, it is suspected that M2-like macrophages in injured kidney induce the pro-tumor microenvironment leading to kidney cancer progression. We found that M2-like macrophages present in the injured kidney promoted kidney cancer progression and induced resistance to anti-PD1 antibody through its pro-tumor function and inhibition of CD8+ T cell infiltration. RNA-seq revealed Slc7a11 was upregulated in M2-like macrophages. Inhibition of Slc7a11 with sulfasalazine inhibited the pro-tumor function of M2-like macrophages and synergized with anti-PD1 antibody. Moreover, SLC7A11-positive macrophages were associated with poor prognosis among kidney cancer patients. Collectively, this study dissects the characteristic microenvironment in the injured kidney that contributed to kidney cancer progression and anti-PD1 antibody resistance. This insight offers promising combination therapy with anti-PD1 antibody and macrophage targeted therapy.
Enhancer–promoter interactions and transcription are largely maintained upon acute loss of CTCF, cohesin, WAPL or YY1
Authors: Hsieh Tsung-Han S. , Cattoglio Claudia , Slobodyanyuk Elena , Hansen Anders S. , Darzacq Xavier , Tjian Robert 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIt remains unclear why acute depletion of CTCF (CCCTC-binding factor) and cohesin only marginally affects expression of most genes despite substantially perturbing three-dimensional (3D) genome folding at the level of domains and structural loops. To address this conundrum, we used high-resolution Micro-C and nascent transcript profiling in mouse embryonic stem cells. We find that enhancer–promoter (E–P) interactions are largely insensitive to acute (3-h) depletion of CTCF, cohesin or WAPL. YY1 has been proposed as a structural regulator of E–P loops, but acute YY1 depletion also had minimal effects on E–P loops, transcription and 3D genome folding. Strikingly, live-cell, single-molecule imaging revealed that cohesin depletion reduced transcription factor (TF) binding to chromatin. Thus, although CTCF, cohesin, WAPL or YY1 is not required for the short-term maintenance of most E–P interactions and gene expression, our results suggest that cohesin may facilitate TFs to search for and bind their targets more efficiently.
Whole-body CD8+ T cell visualization before and during cancer immunotherapy: a phase 1/2 trial
Authors: Kist de Ruijter Laura , van de Donk Pim P. , Hooiveld-Noeken Jahlisa S. , Giesen Danique , Elias Sjoerd G. , Lub-de Hooge Marjolijn N. , Oosting Sjoukje F. , Jalving Mathilde , Timens Wim , Brouwers Adrienne H. , Kwee Thomas C. , Gietema Jourik A. , Fehrmann Rudolf S. N. , Fine Bernard M. , Sanabria Bohórquez Sandra M. , Yadav Mahesh , Koeppen Hartmut , Jing Jing , Guelman Sebastian , Lin Mark T. , Mamounas Michael J. , Eastham Jeffrey Ryan , Kimes Patrick K. , Williams Simon P. , Ungewickell Alexander , de Groot Derk J. A. , de Vries Elisabeth G. E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), by reinvigorating CD8+ T cell mediated immunity, have revolutionized cancer therapy. Yet, the systemic CD8+ T cell distribution, a potential biomarker of ICI response, remains poorly characterized. We assessed safety, imaging dose and timing, pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity of zirconium-89-labeled, CD8-specific, one-armed antibody positron emission tomography tracer 89ZED88082A in patients with solid tumors before and ~30 days after starting ICI therapy (NCT04029181). No tracer-related side effects occurred. Positron emission tomography imaging with 10 mg antibody revealed 89ZED88082A uptake in normal lymphoid tissues, and tumor lesions across the body varying within and between patients two days after tracer injection (n = 38, median patient maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) 5.2, IQI 4.0–7.4). Higher SUVmax was associated with mismatch repair deficiency and longer overall survival. Uptake was higher in lesions with stromal/inflamed than desert immunophenotype. Tissue radioactivity was localized to areas with immunohistochemically confirmed CD8 expression. Re-imaging patients on treatment showed no change in average (geometric mean) tumor tracer uptake compared to baseline, but individual lesions showed diverse changes independent of tumor response. The imaging data suggest enormous heterogeneity in CD8+ T cell distribution and pharmacodynamics within and between patients. In conclusion, 89ZED88082A can characterize the complex dynamics of CD8+ T cells in the context of ICIs, and may inform immunotherapeutic treatments.
Blood flow but not cannula positioning influences the efficacy of Veno-Venous ECMO therapy
Authors: Leoni Massimiliano , Szasz Johannes , Meier Jens , Gerardo-Giorda Luca 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDespite being vital in treating intensive-care patients with lung failure, especially COVID-19 patients, Veno-Venous Extra-Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation does not exploit its full potential, leaving ample room for improvement. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of cannula positioning and blood flow on the efficacy of Veno-Venous Extra-Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation, in particular in relationship with blood recirculation. We performed 98 computer simulations of blood flow and oxygen diffusion in a computerized-tomography-segmented right atrium and venae cavae for different positions of the returning and draining cannulae and ECMO flows of 3 L/min and $$5\,\hbox {L}/\hbox {min}$$

5

L
/
min

. For each configuration we measured how effective Veno-Venous Extra-Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation is at delivering oxygen to the right ventricle and thus to the systemic circulation. The main finding is that VV-ECMO efficacy is largely affected by the ECMO flow (global peak blood saturation: $${92.8}\,\%$$

92.8

%

; average inter-group saturation gain: 9 percentage points) but only scarcely by the positioning of the cannulae (mean saturation ± standard deviation for the 3 L/min case: $$83.12 \pm 0.49$$

83.12
±
0.49

; for the $$5\,\hbox {L}/\hbox {min}$$

5

L
/
min

case: $$92.21 \pm 0.37$$

92.21
±
0.37

). An important secondary outcome is that recirculation, more intense with a higher ECMO flow, is less detrimental to the procedure than previously thought. The efficacy of current ECMO procedures is intrinsically limited and fine-tuning the positions of the cannulae, risking infections, offers very little gain. Setting a higher ECMO flow offers the biggest benefit despite mildly increasing blood recirculation.
Affordable, portable and self-administrable electrical impedance tomography enables global and regional lung function assessment
Authors: Zouari Fedi , Oon Wei Yi , Modak Dipyaman , Lee Wing Hang , Kwok Wang Chun , Cao Peng , Lee Wei-Ning , Tam Terence Chi Chun , Wong Eddie C. , Chan Russell W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAccessibility of diagnostic screening and treatment monitoring devices for respiratory diseases is critical in promoting healthcare and reducing sudden complications and mortality. Spirometry is the standard for diagnosing and monitoring several lung diseases. However, it lacks regional assessment capabilities necessary for detecting subtle regional changes in certain diseases. It also requires challenging breathing maneuvers difficult for elderlies, children, and diseased patients. Here, we actualized an affordable, portable, and self-administrable electrical impedance tomography (EIT) system for home-based lung function assessment and telemedicine. Through simultaneous EIT-spirometry trials on healthy subjects, we demonstrated that our device can predict spirometry indicators over a wide range and can provide regional mapping of these indicators. We further developed a close-to-effortless breathing paradigm and tested it by longitudinally monitoring a COVID-19 discharged subject and two healthy controls with results suggesting the paradigm can detect initial deterioration followed by recovery. Overall, the EIT system can be widely applicable for lung function screening and monitoring both at homes and clinics.
Comparison of different plaque indices with regard to sensitivity and specificity for the quantification of plaque during orthodontic therapy
Authors: Erbe Christina , Temming Teresa , Ohlendorf Daniela , Schmidtmann Irene , Mundethu Ambili , Ferrari-Peron Priscila , Wehrbein Heinrich 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo compare four plaque indices used in orthodontics. An objective, quantitative plaque index and three subjective conventional plaque indices were analyzed. The study included n = 50 photographs of n = 50 subjects with a multibracket appliance (MB) in the maxilla and mandible. Photographs were taken using Digital Plaque Imaging Analysis (DPIA) and the Percentage Plaque Index (PPI) was calculated. The conventional plaque indices, a modified version of the Turesky-modification of the Quigley & Hein Index (TQH index), Attin index, and modified bonded bracket index (mBB index) were collected from n = 14 evaluators using the DPIA photographs. The evaluators had different levels of orthodontic experience: n = 4 evaluators had little orthodontic experience, n = 5 evaluators had moderate orthodontic experience, and n = 5 evaluators had a lot of orthodontic experience. Plaque accumulation was assessed differently with the plaque indices. Thus, the plaque indices are not interchangeable. We recommend DPIA as an objective, quantitative and sensitive method for plaque determination in scientific studies. The simple statistical evaluation offers a great advantage over conventional plaque indices.
Personality traits affect anticipatory stress vulnerability and coping effectiveness in occupational critical care situations
Authors: Schlatter Sophie , Louisy Simon , Canada Brice , Thérond Corentin , Duclos Antoine , Blakeley Chris , Lehot Jean-Jacques , Rimmelé Thomas , Guillot Aymeric , Lilot Marc , Debarnot Ursula 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe present study aimed at investigating the influence of personality on both anticipatory stress vulnerability and the effectiveness of coping strategies in an occupational stressful context. Following assessment of individual personality traits (Big Five Inventory), 147 volunteers were exposed to the anticipation of a stressful event. Anxiety and cardiac reactivity were assessed as markers of vulnerability to anticipatory stress. Participants were then randomly assigned to three groups and subjected to a 5-min intervention: relaxation breathing, relaxation breathing combined with cardiac biofeedback, and control. The effectiveness of coping interventions was determined through the cardiac coherence score achieved during the intervention. Higher neuroticism was associated with higher anticipatory stress vulnerability, whereas higher conscientiousness and extraversion were related to lower anticipatory stress vulnerability. Relaxation breathing and biofeedback coping interventions contributed to improve the cardiac coherence in all participants, albeit with greater effectiveness in individuals presenting higher score of openness to experience. The present findings demonstrated that personality traits are related to both anticipatory stress vulnerability and effectiveness of coping interventions. These results bring new insights into practical guidelines for stress prevention by considering personality traits. Specific practical applications for health professionals, who are likely to manage stressful situations daily, are discussed.
Error performance analysis of generalized quadrature spatial modulation using H-8QAM
Authors: Sibanda Nathael , Xu Hongjun , Pillay Narushan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMotivated to enhance the error performance (EP) of generalised complex quadrature spatial modulation (GCQSM) systems, this study proposes a scheme that builds on GCQSM and uses hexagonal quadrature amplitude modulation (H-QAM) constellations which have the advantages of a maximised Euclidean distance with relatively low peak-to-average power ratio, compared to conventional QAM (C-QAM) systems. This in turn, leads to an enhancement of the EP of GCQSM schemes. The proposed scheme utilises a rotated hexagonal 8QAM (H-8QAM) set. Thus, the proposed scheme is herein named; Generalised QSM using H-8QAM (GQSM-H-8QAM). In this study, the EP of the proposed GQSM-H-8QAM scheme is investigated over Rayleigh frequency flat-fading channels with additive white Gaussian noise. Additionally, a theoretical average bit error probability (ABEP) expression of the GQSM-H-8QAM scheme is formulated and validated using Monte Carlo simulations. Compared to simulation results, the ABEP proves to be increasingly tight at high signal-to-noise ratio values. Obtained simulation results also show an improvement in the EP of the GQSM-H-8QAM scheme over various SM schemes like GCQSM, C-QSM and conventional-generalized spatial modulation (C-GSM), at the same spectral efficiency (SE). An improvement in the EP of 0.61 dB with SE of 8 bits/s/Hz is seen in $$4\times 4$$

4
×
4

GQSM-H-8QAM over $$4\times 4$$

4
×
4

GCQSM using C-8QAM, 2.58 dB over $$4\times 4$$

4
×
4

C-QSM-C-64QAM and a gain of 4.85 dB over $$4\times 4$$

4
×
4

C-GSM-C-64QAM.
Assessment of suitable habitat of mangrove species for prioritizing restoration in coastal ecosystem of Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, India
Authors: Sahana Mehebub , Areendran Gopala , Sajjad Haroon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMangrove forests being the abode of diverse fauna and flora are vital for healthy coastal ecosystems. These forests act as a carbon sequester and protection shield against floods, storms, and cyclones. The mangroves of the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve (SBR), being one of the most dynamic and productive ecosystems in the world are in constant degradation. Hence, habitat suitability assessment of mangrove species is of paramount significance for its restoration and ecological benefits. The study aims to assess and prioritize restoration targets for 18 true mangrove species using 10 machine-learning algorithm-based habitat suitability models in the SBR. We identified the degraded mangrove areas between 1975 and 2020 by using Landsat images and field verification. The reserve was divided into 5609 grids using 1 km gird size for understanding the nature of mangrove degradation and collection of species occurrence data. A total of 36 parameters covering physical, environmental, soil, water, bio-climatic and disturbance aspects were chosen for habitat suitability assessment. Niche overlay function and grid-based habitat suitability classes were used to identify the species-based restoration prioritize grids. Habitat suitability analysis revealed that nearly half of the grids are highly suitable for mangrove habitat in the Reserve. Restoration within highly suitable mangrove grids could be achieved in the areas covered with less than 75 percent mangroves and lesser anthropogenic disturbance. The study calls for devising effective management strategies for monitoring and conserving the degraded mangrove cover. Monitoring and effective management strategies can help in maintaining and conserving the degraded mangrove cover. The model proves to be useful for assessing site suitability for restoring mangroves. The other geographical regions interested in assessing habitat suitability and prioritizing the restoration of mangroves may find the methodology adopted in this study effective.
Triglyceride-glucose index is associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease and erosive reflux disease: a health checkup cohort study
Authors: Kim Young Min , Kim Yuna , Kim Jie-Hyun , Park Jong Suk , Baik Su Jung , Chun Jaeyoung , Youn Young Hoon , Park Hyojin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index was proposed as a useful marker of metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance, the main mechanism underlying metabolic syndrome, is related to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study aimed to elucidate the association between the TyG index and GERD/erosive reflux disease (ERD). We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent gastroduodenoscopy at a checkup center. The calculation of TyG index used following formula: ln (fasting triglycerides [mg/dL] × fasting glucose [mg/dL]/2). We divided the patients into four groups according to the TyG index quartile (Q). We evaluated the relationship between the alteration of the TyG index and GERD in patients who received health checkups two times. Among the 52,605 enrolled patients, 3073 (5.8%) and 434 (0.8%) were diagnosed with GERD and ERD, respectively. The odds ratios (ORs) for GERD in the TyG index progressively increased across quartiles (P < 0.001): Q2 (OR = 2.477), Q3 (OR = 3.013), and Q4 (OR = 4.027) compared with Q1, which was used as a reference, respectively. Those for ERD also progressively increased across quartiles (P < 0.001): Q2 (OR = 4.264), Q3 (OR = 4.841), and Q4 (OR = 7.390) compared with Q1, respectively. Moreover, the degree of TyG index increase during the first and second tests in the GERD group was more prominent than in the control group (P = 0.001). In conclusion, the higher TyG index was significantly associated with GERD. The TyG index may be a novel predictive biomarker of GERD and ERD.
Gerinnungsmanagement nach Transkatheter-Aortenklappenimplantation (TAVI)
Authors: Eggebrecht Holger , Niethammer Margit , Breitbart Philipp , Liebetrau Christoph 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungIn dieser Übersicht stellen wir die aktuelle Literatur zum Gerinnungsmanagement nach TAVI zusammen. Aus den publizierten Studien ergibt sich für die klinische Praxis, dass direkte orale
Antikoagulanzien den Vitamin-K-Antagonisten nicht unterlegen sind, wenn aus anderen Gründen (z. B. Vorhofflimmern) eine Antikoagulation nach TAVI erforderlich ist. Die zusätzliche Gabe eines
Thrombozytenaggregationshemmers bringt in dieser Konstellation keinen Vorteil. Bei Patienten, die keine Indikation für eine orale Antikoagulation haben, hat sich in vielen Zentren die duale
Thrombozytenaggregationshemmung mit ASS und Clopidogrel für 3–6 Monate als Standard etabliert. Die randomisierte POPular TAVI-Studie hat allerdings gezeigt, dass die alleinige ASS-Gabe nach
TAVI Blutungskomplikationen reduziert, bei gleicher Sicherheit in der Verhinderung thrombotischer Komplikationen.
Endoscopic fenestration combined with catheterization in the treatment of a giant colonic fecalith causing bowel obstruction: a case report
Authors: Yang Dong , Wang Xueshan , Tao Ke , Zhao Huihui , Meng Xiangwei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObstruction of the colon caused by a fecalith is not a rare condition, but endoscopic attempts at removal of the fecalith are often unsuccessful because of the size of the fecalith and its extremely hard stone-like consistency. We report a case of bowel obstruction of over two weeks’ duration caused by a giant colonic fecalith. Conservative treatments including insertion of a gastric tube and enemas failed to resolve the obstruction. After an initial unsuccessful attempt at fecalith removal by colonoscopy using a snare, we successfully resolved the bowel obstruction over the course of subsequent colonoscopies with endoscopic fenestration of the fecalith and placement of a transrectal gastric tube for directed instillation of the enema fluid, and we were able to avoid surgical intervention in this case.