bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rheological and viscoelastic properties of collagens and their role in bioprinting by micro-extrusion
Authors: Lan Xiaoyi , Adesida Adetola , Boluk Yaman 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article aims to understand the rheology of collagen networks and their role in various stages of a bioprinting process while building tissue-like constructs. The science of rheology, which deals with the deformation and flow of matter, has grown considerably from its earlier focus on polymer melts and solutions and their processing methods to hydrogels with new processing procedures, such as bioprinting. The main objective of this paper is to discuss the impact of the rheology of collagen hydrogels on micro-extrusion and layer-stacking stages of bioprinting. Generally, the rheological characterization of hydrogels, including collagens by dynamic measurements under small deformations, is considered sufficient to evaluate their bioprinting performance. However, we brought out the importance of other rheological properties of collagen networks, such as steady-state shear flow conditions and large amplitude oscillator shear. While the dynamic measurements under small deformations help characterize the crosslinking and gel formations of the collagen, the steady shear flow measurements are better tools for investigating filament micro-extrusion and layer-stacking stages of a bioprinting process. We brought the role of other non-Newtonian material functions, such as first normal stress difference and extensional viscosity in addition to shear viscosity, for the first time. Extensional viscosity and the viscoelasticity manifested through normal-stress differences are significant in capillary (needle) flow. We also suggested caution to use dynamic viscosity vs. oscillation frequency under small deformations in place of steady shear viscosity vs. shear rate measurement. In addition, we brought out the importance of the large amplitude oscillatory shear test to investigate the collagen networks under large deformations. Finally, we discussed the role of crosslinking and flow conditions on cell viability. Those discussions are focused on collagen networks; nevertheless, they are valid on the bioprinting of other hydrogels.
Hydrological response of the Assif Melloul basin in the Central High Atlas (Morocco): Monitoring and Creating a rating curve.
Authors: Goumih M , El Ghachi M , Ouakhir H , Ennaji N , Midaoui A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Dynamic of landscapes related to climate change and modification of land uses are the crucial elements that controlling hydrological responses within basins. Besides, in the Mediterranean areas, most of the authors indicate the role played by dynamic and change of land cover, and climate characteristics for determining and generating the hydrological processes and the resulting alterations of the surface at spatial and temporal scales and subsurface flow patterns. The purpose of this article is to compare the dynamic of both rating curves in order to extract the discharge for understanding the response and hydrological behaviour of the two selected headwaters (i.e., area = Kousser 311.09 km2 and Annergui 69.81 km2), which are situated within middle part of high Atlas Mountains (Morocco) at central part of Assif Melloul River basin. The dynamic of rainfall, and land cover dynamics were been considered in order to extract their observed changes in discharge at the studied headwaters. Besides, the estimation of the discharge in the outlet of both catchments is based on monitoring of the water level by limnimeter. The value of the obtained discharge is extracted by the rating curve method. The obtained results show a clear seasonality of the Assif Melloul basin, which is characterized by variability of the hydrological regime with high inter-annual in space and time. The maximum water level-discharge value at the two catchments is recorded during wet periods (19 m3/s-1 at Annergui and 1m3/s-1 at Kousser catchments), while the minimum level is registered during dry seasons (0.46 m3/s1 and 0.21 m3/s-1). Consequently, this presented work will be a good investigation for managers to decrease the future impacts and risks related to flash flood events at catchment scale.
Pastoral pressure and degradation of forest and peri-forest rangelands in the central Middle Atlas: case of the Tigrigra watershed (Morocco)
Authors: Achiban H , Taous A , Achiban H , El-Khantoury I , Abba E. H , Addou R 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Although the forest ecosystems of the western region of the central Middle Atlas have a significant fodder potential and a particular richness in terms of biodiversity. They are currently subject to a regressive dynamic under the influence of overgrazing. This study allows to draw up a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the pastoral pressure on the natural ecosystems of the Tigrigra watershed. This is a territory where climatic changes and social mutations (stability of herders and cultivation of land formerly reserved for grazing), combined with the increase in the number of herds, have led to the dependence of livestock feeding on forest fodder resources. Indeed, grazing practices in the study area are based on traditional concepts of extensive livestock rearing and misuse of pastoral resources, which leads to significant dysfunctions between pastoral supply and demand, and consequently to the degradation of natural ecosystems.
A Framework Payment for ecosystem services to reconstitute forest areas closed to grazing in the Ifrane National Park (Morocco).
Authors: Ismaili Alaoui H , El Asri B , Ghazi S , Brhadda N , Ziri R 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Overgrazing constitutes the major constraint threatening the sustainability of the forest ecosystems in the Ifrane National Park. The operations of regeneration and afforestation impose to close areas to grazing over one period exceeding ten years, generally lead to the opposition of the local population to the programs of reconstitution of the forest ecosystems. To solve these problems, a text of compensation for closed perimeters of afforestation or regeneration to the grazing was established in 2002. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the role of the compensation mechanism described as a payment tool for forest ecosystem restoration programs. For this purpose, an analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators, based on individual and semi-structure interviews, before and after the introduction of the compensation mechanism is used. The GIS mapping approach is also used to visualize some results spatially. Based on results, this mechanism contributed to conserving the forest ecosystem and enhancing rural livelihoods at the level of Ifrane National Park, resulting in the regression of the forest infractions with a rate of 48%. On the socio-economic level, this mechanism contributed to initiate a climate of trust resulting in the collaboration of the population with the foresters and, to carry out many projects of community interest generated socio-economic benefits relevant for the users.
Water quality cartography of the upstream part of the Oum Er Rabia hydraulic basin (Morocco)
Authors: Boumalkha O , Hachi T , Chorfi H , Essabiri H , El Hammioui Y , Laiboud C , Abba E H 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Water resources constitute the basis of human existence; however, they are becoming increasingly scarce under conditions of population increase, economic development, climate change and especially the impact of pollution due to human activities such as the discharge of wastewater without treatment in rivers, lakes … Also, in Morocco, water resources are becoming scarce as in the global what makes this country among the areas under water stress. The main objective of this study is the evaluation of the water quality of the upper part of Oum Er Rabia. The results of bacteriological analyzes from the various stations showed an increase in total coliforms and feacal coliforms downstream of the Khenifra wastewater treatment plant and at the upstream station of the El Hansali dam. Regarding the physicochemical quality, the water of the majority of the controlled stations is of average to poor quality except one station which has a very poor quality according to the Moroccan standard relating to surface water.
The potential role of sediments in nutrients (N, P) cycle in Marchica lagoon (Mediterranean Sea, Morocco)
Authors: Rahhou Abderrahmane , Layachi Mostafa , Akodad Mustapha , El Ouamari Najib , Aknaf Asmae , Gueddari Hicham , Oudra Brahim , Baghour Mourad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study is to present the distribution of nutrients in water and sediment of Marchica lagoon, a post-restorated lagoon located in Mediterranean Sea (NE Morocco), to estimate the impact of bottom sediments on the water quality of this lagoon, and to identify the areas more affected by eutrophication risk. Nutrient concentrations in the water column and sediments were determined in thirteen samples taken from different station of the lagoon in October 2019. Nutrient concentrations in sediment were found higher than those in surface water; very high levels of nitrogenous elements showed in all sediments samples and mainly nitrogenous components (averages of 43.58 mg of N-NH4; 0.827 mg of N-NO3; 0.054 mg of N-NO2 and 773 mg of TN per kg of dry sediment) and high levels of phosphorus with average of 620 mg P/kg of dry sediment. A strong positive correlation showed between sediment and water parameters in 0.01 and 0.05 levels. High concentrations were recorded near the nutrient-rich wastewater treatment plant effluent discharges, watershed and groundwater input. The lowest concentrations are near the new pass, this is due to the low continental inputs and the renewal of the lagoon waters by the Mediterranean Sea. Generally, the distribution of nutrient levels is influenced by continental inputs, hydrodynamics, and organic matter content in the sediment. These sediments are considered as a reservoir of nutrient pollutants, which will influence water quality by releasing sedimentary materials in the water.
Permian volcanism of the Khenifra Massif (Central Morocco) Petrography and geochemical affinity
Authors: Boutsougame A , Ouazzani H , Abba E H , Alaoui M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Permian volcanic complex of Khenifra (Moroccan Central Hercynian Massif) manifests itself mainly by volcanic rocks of andesite, rhyolite, dacite, rhyodacite, ignimbrite and trachyte nature. These are rocks with a microlitic to porphyritic texture. They are formed by a primary paragenesis made of plagioclase, pyroxene, olivine, feldspar, biotite, amphibole and quartz and a secondary mineral association made of augite, calcite, chlorite and opaque. Intermediate and acidic rocks are widely represented in Khenifra basin. These facies are of calco-alkaline affinity.
Sustainable Sanitation: an appropriate solution in rural areas
Authors: Taouraout A , Chahlaoui A , Sadki M , Maliki A , Khaffou M , Belghyti D 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In Morocco, reuse of treated wastewater can reduce the negative effects of drought in the agricultural sector. However, it is necessary to adopt a sustainable sanitation in order to reduce the risk of this type of water on public health and environment. This new sanitation concept is based on the principle of separation, recovery and reuse of wastewater and taking in consideration the social, economic, environmental, and institutional of the local conditions. The aim of this article is: to give the main results of a survey conducted in 2017 at Dayet Ifrah village which housed the first pilot ecological sanitation project in Morocco concerning appreciation and attitude of the population towards this new system of sanitation; and on the other hand to study the efficiency of a pilot scale system composed on three filters used to treat domestic wastewater coming from a single house in Meknes. In general, ecological sanitation is appreciated by the population of the village and showed its effectiveness to improve sanitation in Moroccan context. The pilot scale system proved his effectiveness to trait organic pollution and nutrients, faecal pollution and parasites.
Alfalfa in arid and semi-arid regions Taroudant as an example, good and bad cultural practices on the environment: A statistical study
Authors: Moussaoui H E , Ainlhout L F Z , Bourezi A , Bouqbis L 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A field study was made on the cultivation of alfalfa and their different components of this crop in the Taroudant region in the south of Morocco, the questions of this study based on the cultivation and fertilization methods, irrigation, and finally prospects. This study showed that the majority will continue to cultivate alfalfa her because the use of alfalfa is mainly as fodder food for their own herd, the whole population does the plowing before the crops, the varieties used are mainly from USA. The population uses manure with different quantities, it depends on the cultivated area and on the use of chemical fertilization. This study showed high consumption of water and chemical fertilizers with a means between 44066.8 m3/year/ha is 62399.9 m3/year/ha, and between 165.6 kg/ha/year and 205.7 Kg/ha/year respectively with a 95% confidence interval. What knocks the alarm danger in environmental matters.
Improving the physiological responses and stomatal characteristics of Paspalum vaginatum during the winter season
Authors: Fetjah D , Ainlhout L F Z , Idardare Z , Bouqbis L 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Drought is a universal problem that affects plant production and degrades soil. The point of this study was to appraise the physiological responses of Paspalum vaginatum to water stress and to attempt to minimize its impacts using organic amendment in arid and semi-arid climates. In winter 2019, a pot investigation was undertaken for this reason in the south of Morocco on a plastic pot filled with sandy loam soil and various levels of peanut hull biochar and compost on 20% of water holding capacity. The results revealed that adding biochar and compost enhanced photosynthesis, stomatal traits, and water availability in plants cultivated in amended treatments compared to untreated treatments. This study could be a prominent reason for managing luxury golf courses in arid zones.
Olive and green tea leaves extract in Pleurotus ostreatus var. florida culture media: Effect on mycelial linear growth rate, diameter and growth induction index
Authors: Werghemmi W , Abou Fayssal S , Mazouz H , Hajjaj H , Hajji L 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The exponential disposal of agro-industrial wastes onto the environment has endangered all forms of life. The implementation of these wastes in mushroom production is an eco-friendly and promising solution. The effect of olive and tea leaves extracts represented in culture media treatments: potato dextrose agar (PDA) 80% + tea extract (TE) 20% (T2), PDA 80% + olive extract (OE) 20% (T3), PDA 80% + OE 10% + TE 10% (T4), PDA 70% + OE 20% + TE 10% (T5) on mycelial growth diameter (MGD) and linear growth rate (MLGR) of Pleurotus ostreatus var. florida was compared to the one of PDA used as control (T1) at 22, 25 and 28°C inoculation temperatures. Optimum MGD was observed at 28°C in T1 (day 2), while it was significantly increased by 1.1–1.4 folds (days 4, 6, 8) in culture media containing plant extracts nevertheless the inoculation temperature. MLGR was improved by 102%–145% in olive/tea culture media compared to PDA nevertheless the inoculation temperature. Optimum growth induction index (GII) was observed in T3 (22.2%) at 22°C, T5 (21.9%) at 25°C and T4 (18.2%) at 28°C. These findings suggest the combination of olive and tea leaves extracts in the production of Pleurotus ostreatus.
Chemical composition, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil of Lavandula Pedunculata from Khenifra Morocco
Authors: Chroho M , El Karkouri J , Hadi N , Elmoumen B , Zair T , Bouissane L 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Essential oils (EO) extracted from medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP) have proven to be good sources of bioactive compounds with antibacterial and antioxidant properties. This work presents the study of the chemical composition of Essential Oil extracted from Lavandula Pedunculata from the middle atlas of Morocco and its antioxidant and antibacterial power. The EO was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The antibacterial power of EO was estimated by the disk diffusion method against six bacterial species stemming from the hospital. Antioxidant activity was tested by two methods: measuring the trapping power of DPPH radical and measuring the Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Potential (FRAP). The chromatographic analysis of Lavandula Pedunculata essential oil allowed the identification of 55 compounds representing 98.9% of the essential oil, of which the major compounds are camphor (44.16%), 1 –epi-cubenol (8.61%), fenchone (7.48%), camphene (6.45%) and α-pinene (4.86%). Antibacterial power tests showed that L. Pedunculata EO effect on all the tested bacteria is lower than that of the most powerful Antibiotic and even powerless on certain strains. The obtained results from antioxidant power tests by both methods proved the antioxidant power of Lavandula Pedunculata EO but was less effective than ascorbic acid. The obtained results indicate that the plant EO’s antibacterial and antioxidant activities are not powerful compared to antibiotics and ascorbic acid respectively, but enough to explain the traditional therapeutic use of the plant.
Fencing land impacts on plant biodiversity and argan trees dynamic in the Ida-Ou-Tanane (central western of Morocco)
Authors: Ait Haddou M , Ben El Caid M , Aydda A , Bouchriti Y , Wanaim A , Gougueni H , Ezaidi S 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe argan trees are subject to strong anthropgenic pressure that prevents its natural regeneration. This study aims to evaluate the effect of lands fencing on the redynamization of the argan trees through analyzing and comparing the specific richness in two closer parcels. The first parcel have been fenced since 2004, whereas the second one is an open land. In this study, the floristic diversity indices were investigated and compared based on field inventory from both parcels. The results obtained show the beneficial effect of the fence on the dynamics of the vegetation. The plant specific richness is higher for the fenced parcel than unfenced parcel (37 and 21 species, respectively). For the fenced parcel, the maximum diversity index is about 3.61, while it is about 3.04 for the unfenced parcel. The Shannon-Weaver index (H’) and the evenness (E) are also higher for the fenced parcel where the cover rate is 57% compared to 32% for the unfenced parcel. The average of the computed argan trees, in the fenced parcel, is 116 trees/ha of size ranging between 2 to 5 m. For the unfenced parcel, the average is 83 trees/ha of size of 4 m. Additionally, inside the fenced parcel, the natural regeneration by seedling is well marked, where considerable number of argan trees towere identified during field survey. These results highlight the importance to use fencing in the generation of the endemic plants.
Water Uses in Agriculture and Preservation Measures: What types of Relationships Between Them? Case of El Hajeb Province
Authors: El Allaoui A , Aafir M , Elyaagoubi M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Large scale forces are reshaping the world of water, like climate change, human settlements, and human economic activities. These forces make water management a challenging issue that has become more and more complicated with multiplicity and increasing need to use water. That is why sustained water management requires coordination between preservation measures and the different ways of water uses. In this article, we investigate and approach these two components through the expansion of agriculture as a main human activity in the Province of El Hajeb, to underline and analyze the types of relationships existing between water uses and conservation measures.
Evaluation of the metallic and bacteriological quality of well water in Khenifra province (Morocco).
Authors: El Hammioui Y , Anarghou H , Belghiti ML , Hachi T , Elhamdouni D , Laiboud C , Essabiri H , Boumalkha O , Khaffou M , Abba E H 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Water contaminated by microorganisms and chemical molecules is a cause of disease for humans and the environment. For this reason, we have assessed the microbiological quality and metallic trace elements of groundwater used by the rural population of the Khenifra province, Morocco. Two groundwater sampling campaigns were carried out during the period February/August 2021, studying physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and ph. Then, the metallic trace elements were analyzed: lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn). In addition, the samples taken for the bacteriological study were filtered and introduced in a growth medium for the research and enumeration of total aerobic mesophilic germs vary from 1 to 30.103CFUs/ml, total coliforms (1 to 3x102 CFUs/100ml), Escherichia Coli(1 to 3x102 CFUs/100ml)and intestinal enterococci(1 to 290 CFUs/100ml). The analysis was carried out according to the recommendations of Moroccan standards. It is interesting to note that the groundwater in the Khenifra region is contaminated with pollutants and can cause a health risk for the inhabitants.
Characterization and spatialization of the Physico-chemical quality of the waters of a natural lake of the Middle Atlas: the case of the Ramsar site lake Aguelmam Sidi Ali
Authors: Laadel N , Elouhabi R , Baladia Y , El Idrissi H , Sadiq M , Abba EH , Achiban H 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The physicochemical quality of the water represents a major stake in front of the development of the piscicultural life in the natural lakes. The present work has for objective the characterization of the waters of the two parts of the Ramsar site of the lake Aguelmam Sidi Ali as well as the definition of their future vocations, as far as they present currently a great biological, ecological, and tourist interest. A follow-up of the evolution of the physicochemical quality of the two parts of the lake (small lake and large lake), via monthly samples for analyses in the laboratory and in-situ measurements of the principal physicochemical parameters, was carried out. The samplings were spread out over the period from April to December 2019. In light of the results obtained, the waters of the two parts of the lake aguelmam Sidi Ali did not present the same degrees of mineralization and hardness, and therefore, they show a clear difference in water quality. Despite this difference, the quality of the waters of Aguelmam Sidi Ali is generally good and thus favorable to the development of the percids introduced since 1939.