bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts, lessons learnt and envisioning the future of firms under COVID-19 – implications for knowledge management
Authors: Ng David Wai Lun , Duarte Alonso Abel , Bressan Alessandro , Vu Oanh Thi Kim 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the significance of knowledge management as a tool for firms to adapt to an ongoing unprecedented crisis. Moreover, in considering the knowledge-based view of the firm, the study will ascertain the impacts, lessons learnt and how firms envisage their future under the current unpredictable regime from the viewpoints of firm owners/managers.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative data collection approach was selected, with face-to-face and online interviews undertaken with owners/managers of 33 firms operating in Singapore.

Findings
The data analysis reveals as many as eight dimensions pertaining to impacts, lessons learnt and the envisioned future of the firms. The relevance of knowledge management emerged, for instance, in supporting firms and staff to overcome initial challenges after the crisis became apparent. Knowledge management was also an exemplar of lessons learnt, through new knowledge development, strengthening links with consumers, through operational skilfulness and awareness, as well as in explaining how firms envision their future. These findings also underscore key tenets of the knowledge-based view of the firm.

Originality/value
Conceptually, the proposed dimensions stemming from the three examined research questions, together with the propositions and theoretical framework, contribute to a deeper understanding of the links between knowledge management and how firms confront a severe crisis. Empirically, the findings’ highlighted associations with knowledge management elements to illuminate how firms address the impacts of the COVID-19 crisis, as well as the lessons learnt and the envisioned future of firms operating under severe crisis conditions.
Leveraging knowledge discovery and knowledge visualization to define the “inner areas”: an application to an Italian province
Authors: Moretto Valentino , Elia Gianluca , Ghiani Gianpaolo 
Published: January 2022

PurposeStarting from a critical analysis of the main criteria currently used to identify marginal areas, this paper aims to propose a new classification model of such territories by leveraging knowledge discovery approaches and knowledge visualization techniques, which represent a fundamental pillar in the knowledge-based urban development process.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology adopted in this study relies on the design science research, which includes five steps: problem identification, objective definition, solution design and development, demonstration and evaluation.FindingsResults demonstrate how to exploit knowledge discovery and visualization to obtain multiple mappings of inner areas, in the aim to identify good practices and optimize resources to set up more effective territorial development strategies and plans. The proposed approach overcomes the traditional way adopted to map inner areas that uses a single indicator (i.e. the distance between a municipality and the nearest pole where it is possible to access to education, health and transportation services) and leverages seven groups of indicators that represent the distinguishing features of territories (territorial capital, social costs, citizenship, geo-demography, economy, innovation and sustainable development).Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed model could be enriched by new variables, whose value can be collected by official sources and stakeholders engaged to provide both structured and unstructured data. Also, another enhancement could be the development of a cross-algorithms comparison that may reveal useful to suggest which algorithm can better suit the needs of policy makers or practitioners.Practical implicationsThis study sets the ground for proposing a decision support tool that policy makers can use to classify in a new way the inner areas, thus overcoming the current approach and leveraging the distinguishing features of territories.Originality/valueThis study shows how the availability of distributed knowledge sources, the modern knowledge management techniques and the emerging digital technologies can provide new opportunities for the governance of a city or territory, thus revitalizing the domain of knowledge-based urban development.
Mobile app analytics for assessing MOOC platforms: a study of online learners’ sentiments
Authors: Kaur Amanpreet , Sharma Ritu , Gulati Sarita , Chakravarty Rupak 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
In distance education, massive open online courses (MOOCs) are recent innovative approaches, which strive to provide learning content to all the participants without any demographic-related barriers. The purpose of this research is to analyse and evaluate the popularity of two MOOCs platforms, Study Webs of Active-Learning for Young Aspiring Minds (SWAYAM) and Coursera, on an android app by pursuing the paradigm of mobile analytics and deep learning.

Design/methodology/approach
The analytics are performed by using the Web application AppFollow (AppFollow.io), which captured, monitored, measured and analysed the app review results.

Findings
The findings of the paper suggest MOOCs designers should consider sentiment analysis to check and evaluate users’ ratings and feedback to improvise its design.

Research limitations/implications
The findings of the study will provide the necessary inputs and feedbacks to the app developers to understand the users’ problems, users’ perspectives and users’ requirement in a scientific and precise way. By removing the bugs and incorporating the value-added features, the MOOC platforms will become more productive and beneficial in terms of knowledge sharing, skill development and capacity building.

Originality/value
This research is novel in getting an insight into the behaviour of users towards usage of SWAYAM and Coursera apps on Android platforms through the AppFollow software and provides valuable results for the app developers in monitoring the feedbacks to enhancing the features for the satisfaction of users. The present analysis is expected to provide a benchmark for future research in this domain.
Eco‐assessment of Değirmendere and Bulaklı streams using diatom indices from different ecoregions
Authors: Çelekli Abuzer , Yıldız Hasan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDiatom metrics are important tools for evaluating the environmental conditions of streams for the achievement of environmental sustainability. Aim of the present study was to assess the ecological status of Değirmendere and Bulaklı streams using diatom indices developed in different ecoregions and to elucidate responses of diatom assemblages to stressors using multivariate approaches. Analysis of similarity percentage indicated a 74% dissimilarity between Değirmendere and Bulaklı streams with the most contribution of Encyonopsis minuta, Achnanthidium minutissimum, Achnanthidium druartii, Amphora indistincta, and Gomphonema cuneolus species to this dissimilarity. The first two axes of canonical correspondence analysis exhibited a strong correlation (93.1%) between diatom assemblages and environment variables. Pollution‐tolerant species were associated with Bulaklı stream, whereas pollution‐sensitive species displayed relatedness to Değirmendere stream. Conductivity, salinity, oxidation–reduction potential, total phosphorus (TP), and orthophosphate were the significant effective environmental factors on the spatiotemporal distribution of diatom assemblages. Used diatom indices showed significantly positive and negative correlations with TP gradient. The results of bioassessment exhibited that diatom indices have different scores for the ecological status of the sampling stations. European diatom indices except Trophic Diatom Index and Duero Diatom Index mainly showed similar behavior in the bioassessment of ecological conditions of Değirmendere and Bulaklı streams. Among European diatom indices, Trophic Index Turkey was more competitive and could give better results in the bioassessment of streams. Results indicated that ecoregional specific diatom index could be used as a suitable tool to accurately evaluate the surface water quality.
Swallowing assessment in patients with dysphagia: Validity and reliability of a pocket‐sized ultrasound system
Authors: Winiker Katharina , Hammond Rebecca , Thomas Paige , Dimmock Alice , Huckabee Maggie‐Lee 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe use of ultrasound as an adjunct to clinical swallowing evaluation provides quantitative physiological and morphological data. As a low‐risk procedure, ultrasound imaging can be performed outside of a medical setting. This is particularly important for patients living in rural areas with restricted access to a hospital. Technical advances have produced pocket‐sized ultrasound technology that is more affordable, and therefore within the fiscal reach of most allied health services.AimsTo explore the validity and reliability of pocket‐sized ultrasound technology in dysphagia assessment.Methods & ProceduresData were acquired from 43 patients with dysphagia using the Clarius ultrasound device. Ultrasound and videofluoroscopic measures of hyoid and laryngeal displacement during liquid and puree swallowing were collected concurrently to quantify correlation and agreement between identical measures derived from the two instruments. Reliability of ultrasound was assessed for measures of hyoid and laryngeal displacement, tongue thickness, and size of the submental muscles in eight patients. Reliability was evaluated for the entire process of data acquisition including scanning and online measurement using an iPad in a clinical setting and for offline measurement on a computer screen to explore environmental influences on reliability.Outcomes & ResultsResults revealed poor correlation between the measures of interest across instruments. Reliability of the entire process of data acquisition in a clinical setting was insufficient while reliability was more promising for offline measurements.Conclusions & ImplicationsThe clinical use of pocket‐sized ultrasound devices, such as the Clarius system, for swallowing evaluation is not indicated at this time. Enhanced validity and reliability of the entire process of data acquisition are needed prior to clinical translation of such technology.WHAT THIS PAPER ADDSWhat is already known on the subject
The use of ultrasound allows for radiation‐free, non‐invasive swallowing assessment. Some data suggest that ultrasound is valid and reliable in the evaluation of swallowing using standard‐sized equipment. Insufficient validity and reliability have been reported for pocket‐sized ultrasound technology in the assessment of healthy swallowing.What this paper adds to existing knowledge
This research is the first to provide validity and reliability data of the pocket‐sized Clarius technology in the evaluation of swallowing in patients with dysphagia. Insufficient validity and reliability of online data acquisition in a clinical environment were found. Reliability for offline measurement was more promising.What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?
The clinical use of pocket‐sized ultrasound devices, such as the Clarius system, for swallowing assessment is not indicated at this time.
Voter preferences as a source of descriptive (mis)representation by social class
Authors: WÜEST RETO , PONTUSSON JONAS 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a conjoint survey experiment in which Swiss citizens were asked to choose among parliamentary candidates with different class profiles determined by occupation, education and income. Existing survey‐experimental literature on this topic suggests that respondents are indifferent to the class profiles of candidates or biased against candidates with high‐status occupations and high incomes. We find that respondents are biased against upper middle‐class candidates as well as routine working‐class candidates. While the bias against upper middle‐class candidates is primarily a bias among working‐class individuals, the bias against routine working‐class candidates is most pronounced among middle‐class individuals. Our supplementary analysis of observational data confirms the bias against routine working‐class candidates, but not the bias against upper middle‐class candidates.
mold, a novel software to compile accurate and reliable DNA diagnoses for taxonomic descriptions
Authors: Fedosov Alexander , Achaz Guillaume , Gontchar Andrey , Puillandre Nicolas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDNA data are increasingly being used for phylogenetic inference, and taxon delimitation and identification, but scarcely for the formal description of taxa, despite their undisputable merits in taxonomy. The uncertainty regarding the robustness of DNA diagnoses, however, remains a major impediment to their use. We have developed a new program, mold, that identifies diagnostic nucleotide combinations (DNCs) in DNA sequence alignments for selected taxa, which can be used to provide formal diagnoses of these taxa. To test the robustness of DNA diagnoses, we carry out iterated haplotype subsampling for selected query species in published DNA data sets of varying complexity. We quantify the reliability of diagnosis by diagnosing each query subsample and then checking if this diagnosis remains valid against the entire data set. We demonstrate that widely used types of diagnostic DNA characters are often absent for a query taxon or are not sufficiently reliable. We thus propose a new type of DNA diagnosis, termed “redundant DNC” (or rDNC), which takes into account unsampled genetic diversity, and constitutes a much more reliable descriptor of a taxon. mold successfully retrieves rDNCs for all but two species in the analysed data sets, even in those comprising hundreds of species. mold shows unparalleled efficiency in large DNA data sets and is the only available software capable of compiling DNA diagnoses that suit predefined criteria of reliability.
SPEDE‐sampler: An R Shiny application to assess how methodological choices and taxon sampling can affect Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent output and interpretation
Authors: van Steenderen Clarke J. M. , Sutton Guy F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSpecies delimitation tools are vital to taxonomy and the discovery of new species. These tools can make use of genetic data to estimate species boundaries, where one of the most widely used methods is the Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC) model. Despite its popularity, a number of factors are known to influence the performance and resulting inferences of the GMYC. Moreover, the few studies that have assessed model performance to date have been predominantly based on simulated data sets, where model assumptions are not violated. Here, we present a user‐friendly R Shiny application, ‘SPEDE‐sampler’ (SPEcies DElimitation sampler), that assesses the effect of computational and methodological choices, in combination with sampling effects, on the GMYC model. Output phylogenies are used to test the effect that (1) sample size, (2) BEAST and GMYC parameters (e.g. prior settings, single vs multiple threshold, clock model), and (3) singletons have on GMYC output. Optional predefined grouping information (e.g. morphospecies/ecotypes) can be uploaded in order to compare it with GMYC species and estimate percentage match scores. Additionally, predefined groups that contribute to inflated species richness estimates are identified by SPEDE‐sampler, allowing for the further investigation of potential cryptic species or geographical substructuring in those groups. Merging by the GMYC is also recorded to identify where traditional taxonomy has overestimated species numbers. Four worked examples are provided to illustrate the functionality of the program's workflow, and the variation that can arise when applying the GMYC model to empirical data sets. The R Shiny program is available for download at https://github.com/clarkevansteenderen/spede_sampler_R.
Statistical inference for the utilization distribution overlap index (UDOI)
Authors: Tilberg Miranda , Dixon Philip M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract1. Despite the routine nature of studying home‐range (HR) overlap, a formal inferential framework for overlap analyses has only recently emerged. This framework allows for the computation of approximate confidence intervals (CIs) for the Bhattacharyya coefficient (BC), a pairwise overlap metric with a formal basis in distributional similarity. However, prior comparisons of common overlap metrics suggest that the utilization distribution overlap index (UDOI) is preferred over the BC for analyses of HR overlap in which a measure of space sharing is desired, rather than pure distributional similarity.2. An inferential framework for the UDOI is facilitated by a recent advancement in HR estimation called autocorrelated KDE (AKDE). AKDE explicitly accounts for autocorrelation in tracking data via the fitting of an autocorrelated movement model; uncertainty in fitted model parameters is then leveraged to obtain the uncertainty for estimates of both HR area and overlap. The UDOI is the product of two components: the average probability of encounter (APE) and the area of overlap, A1,2. Thus, we expand the existing inferential framework for the BC to include an estimator and CIs for the UDOI via developing estimators and CIs for its two components. In particular, AKDE error propagation is used to obtain CIs on the APE, while a geometric estimator is employed for estimating A1,2and its uncertainty.3. We use simulated data exhibiting varying degrees of overlap to demonstrate that our estimators provide accurate estimates of true overlap values and our CIs provide reasonable coverage. Furthermore, an empirical case study is presented to illustrate the differential purposes of the BC and UDOI, highlighting the importance of choosing an overlap metric based on the analysis objective.4. By expanding the existing inferential framework for overlap to include the UDOI, we provide ecological researchers with more flexibility to choose an overlap metric that is tailored to their objectives. This allows for more accurate conclusions to be drawn from HR overlap analyses when a measure of space sharing is desired. This method is available in conjunction with the open‐sourceRpackagectmm, using modified overlap functions that are now freely available.
Ultrasound for the diagnosis of shoulder dislocation and reduction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gottlieb Michael , Patel Daven , Marks Amy , Peksa Gary D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundShoulder dislocations are a common injury prompting presentation to the emergency department. Point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) is a diagnostic tool for shoulder dislocations, which has the potential to reduce time to diagnosis and reduction, radiation exposure, and health care costs. This systematic review sought to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of POCUS for diagnosing shoulder dislocations.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, LILACS, the Cochrane databases, Google Scholar, and bibliographies of selected articles for all prospective and randomized controlled trials evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of POCUS for identifying shoulder dislocations. We dual‐extracted data into a predefined worksheet and performed quality analysis using the QUADAS‐2 tool. We performed a meta‐analysis with subgroup analyses by technique and transducer type. As a secondary outcome, we assessed the diagnostic accuracy of identifying associated fractures.ResultsTen studies met our inclusion criteria, comprising 1,836 assessments with 636 dislocations (34.6%). Overall, POCUS was 100% (95% confidence interval [CI], 85.6%–100%) sensitive and 100% (95% CI, 79.4%–100%) specific for the diagnosis of shoulder dislocation with a LR+ of 11,254.8 (95% CI, 3.9–3.3e7) and a LR− of <0.1 (95% CI, < 0.1–0.2). When compared with the anterior/lateral technique, the posterior technique had greater sensitivity but no difference in specificity. There was no difference between transducer types. POCUS was also 96.8% (95% CI, 92.6%–98.7%) sensitive and 99.7% (95% CI, 92.5%–100%) specific for the diagnosis of associated fractures.ConclusionsPOCUS is a sensitive and specific tool for the rapid identification of shoulder dislocations and reductions, as well as for the detection of associated fractures. POCUS should be considered as an alternate diagnostic tool for the diagnosis and management of shoulder dislocations.
Pandemic risk disclosure in integrated reports: after COVID‐19 is hindsight 2020?
Authors: Roberts Roslyn , Jang Daun , Mubako Grace 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe examine whether, and to what extent companies disclosed pandemic risk and likely impact as part of their key risks or material matters immediately prior to 2020. The integrated/annual reports of 489 companies from six global regions were examined, finding that despite clear warnings from multiple fronts that highlighted the inevitability and imminence of a global pandemic, only 15.5 percent of companies disclosed anything related to pandemic risk. Of these, 71.1 percent were boilerplate in nature, providing minimal useful information to stakeholders. This study contributes to our understanding of integrated reporting, specifically regarding the adequacy of the disclosure of material risks.
Longitudinal analyses of development of the immune system during the first five years of life in relation to lifestyle
Authors: Olin Axel , Acevedo Nathalie , Lakshmikanth Tadepally , Chen Yang , Johansson Catharina , Alm Johan , Scheynius Annika , Brodin Petter 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundChanges in immune cell composition during the immunological window within the first years after birth are not fully understood, especially the effect that different lifestyles might have on immune cell functionality.MethodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cells from mothers and their children at birth and at two anvd five years were analyzed by mass cytometry. Immune cell composition and functionality was analyzed according to family lifestyle (anthroposophic and non‐anthroposophic).ResultsWe found no significant differences in the proportions of major immune lineages between anthroposophic and non‐anthroposophic children at each time point, but there were clear changes over time in the proportions of mononuclear leukocytes, especially in B‐cells and T lymphocytes. Phenotypic distances between cord blood and maternal blood were high at birth but decreased sharply the first two years, indicating strong phenotypic convergence with maternal cells. We found that children exhibited similar stimulation responses at birth, but subsequently segregated into two discrete functional trajectories. Trajectory 1 was associated with a decrease in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) production by CD4+ T‐ and NK‐cells, while Trajectory 2 depicted an increase in the production of IL‐2 and interferon gamma (INFg) by T‐cells. In both trajectories, there was an increase in IL‐17A production by T‐cells resulting in prominent differences at five years of age.ConclusionsThis exploratory study suggests that leukocyte frequencies and cell phenotypes change with age in the same way across all children, while functional development follows one of two discrete trajectories that largely segregate by family lifestyle, supporting the hypothesis that early environmental exposures imprint immune cell function which may contribute to IgE sensitization. Our results also support that the first two years are critical for the environmental exposures to imprint the immune cells. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to validate our findings.