bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KOMIK TEMATIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IV
Authors: Refi Septian 
Published: March 2022

AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan menciptakan produk media pembelajaran berupa komik tematik untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa kelas IV SD. Penelitian dan pengembangan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan model Brog & Gall. Namun peneliti melakukan modifikasi dari model tersebut menjadi tujuh langkah penelitian, yaitu (1) potensi dan masalah, (2) mengumpulkan informasi, (3) desain produk, (4) validasi desain, (5) revisi desain, (6) uji coba produk, (7) revisi produk. Subjek uji pelaksanaan sebanyak 30 siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa media pembelajaran komik tematik memperoleh presentase validasi ahli materi sebesar 90% dengan kategori sangat layak. Sedangkan untuk validasi ahli media sebesar 88% dan validasi ahli Bahasa 100%. Selanjutnya terdapat hasil uji coba produk. pada uji coba produk dilakukan dengan skala besar. hasilnya nilai rata-rata sebelum diterapkan media komik tematik (pre-test) diperoleh sebesar 63.33%. sedangkan untuk nilai rata-rata setelah diterapkan media komik (post-test) diperoleh sebesar 86.16%. dengan diperoleh nilai signifikansi = 0,000 < 0.05 maka terdapat perbedaan tingkat motivasi belajar siswa dengan diterapkannya media komik tematik. Sehingga media komik tematik layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran di sekolah dasar.Kata Kunci: Media Pembelajaran, Komik, Motivasi Belajar. AbstractThis research was conducted with the aim of creating learning media products in the form of thematic comics to increase the motivation of students in grade IV elementary school. This research and development was conducted using Brog & Gall model. However, the researchers modified the model into seven research steps, namely (1) potential and problems, (2) collecting information, (3) product design, (4) design validation, (5) design revision, (6) product trial, (7) product revision. Test subjects of 30 students. The results of this study stated that the thematic comic learning media obtained a percentage of material expert validation by 90% with a very decent category. As for media expert validation by 88% and 100% linguist validation. Next there are the test results of the product. product trials are conducted on a large scale. the result of the average value before applying thematic comic media (pre-test) obtained by 63.33%. while for the average value after applied comic media (post-test) obtained by 86.16%. with a significance value = 0.000 < 0.05, there is a difference in students' learning motivation level with the application of thematic comic media. So the thematic comic media deserves to be used as a learning medium in elementary school.Keywords: Learning Media, Comics, Learning Motivation.
URGENSI PENANAMAN AQIDAH DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Ahmad Fitriana Rusyai Ali 
Published: March 2022

Aqeedah is not just a belief that is in the hearts of men. But aqeedah is essentially a strong belief that is able to encourage a Muslim to want to do or do good deeds. If someone's true and lurius aqidah, then it will be true and straight also the path taken, and vice versa.Aqeedah is a major problem in the teachings of Islam. Because it involves the fundamental beliefs of all deeds. Muslims and non-Muslims can be distinguished from the side of amaliyah or his actions; whether reflecting Muslim's amaliyah or not. What is done is worth the good in the eyes of humans. Departing from this, the writer tries to actualize the urgency of planting aqidah in Islamic education. and behavior patterns based on pure Islamic aqeedah. Keywords: Urgency, Aqidah Cultivation, Islamic Education
DISKRIMINASI DAN SUPERIORITAS PEREMPUAN DALAM NASKAH DRAMA MEGA-MEGA KARYA ARIFIN C. NOER
Authors: Fitrianingtyas Maya , Cahyono Bambang Eko Hari , Soleh Dwi Rohmah 
Published: March 2022

Sastra dan tokoh perempuan adalah dua hal yang tak bisa dipisahkan. Perempuan menjadikan sastra menjadi lebih indah dan berwarna. Tokoh perempuan tersendiri menjadi sebuah pewangi di antara jalannya karya sastra yang beraneka, seperti pada hahlnya drama. Pada naskah drama Mega-mega karya Arifin C. Noer ini, aktivitas atau alur ceritanya menggambarkan banyak diskriminasi, selain itu tokoh perempuan menjadi sentral alur dan aktivitas semua adegan yang dilakukan dalam naskah dramanya. Tidak seperti nasib tokoh perempuan kebanyakan yang menderita di dalam karya sastra Indonesia yang lain, tokoh Mae dalam naskah drama ini mampu mendominasi aktivitas dan menjadi superior dalam kelompoknya, serta mendapat pengakuan dan posisi tersendiri. Tujuan penelitian ini berusaha mengungkapkan dan menjelaskan superioritas tokoh perempuan yang ada dalam naskah drama Mega-mega karya Arifin C. Noer. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode kualitatif deksriptif. Deskriptif kualitatif dalam penelitian menggunakan teknik analisis isi (content analysis) untuk mengkaji unsur superioritas tokoh perempuan yang terdapat pada naskah drama Mega-Mega karya Arifin C. Noer. Langkah analisis data yang dilaksanakan antara lain 1) penyajian, 2) reduksi, dan 3) pengambilan kesimpulan. Hasil dari analisis yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini antara lain: 1) diskriminasi dan superioritas perempuan dalam bidang sosial dan 2) kekuasaan atau penguasaan perempuan dalam hal ekonomi.Kata kunci: Diskriminasi, Superioritas, Naskah Drama.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN MELALUI MEDIA PAPAN LOTTO PADA KELOMPOK A1 DI RA ANNUR WONOAYU SIDOARJO
Authors: Sriningsih Ani , Sunanto Sunanto , Asmara Berda , Fitriyah Fifi Khoirul 
Published: March 2022

Latar Belakang penelitian ini dengan adanya permasalahan anak kelompok A1 di RA ANNUR Wonoayu Sidoarjo yang mengalami kesulitan dalam minat belajar membaca permulaannya masih kurang. Anak usia dini, merupakan anak yang berada pada rentang usia 0-6 tahun, yang memiliki rasa peka dan penting bagi anak untuk mendapat pendidikan yang sering disebut masa golden age. Dengan metode papan lotto, anak akan belajar mengenal huruf dan cara membacanya dengan benar.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kesulitan anak dalam membaca permulaan melalui media papan lotto dan memotivasi anak agar mampu mengenal konsep huruf yang benar. Metode penelitian data yang di pakai penelitian ini diperoleh dari observasi dan dokumentasi anak kelompok A1 yang berjumlah 20 anak. Kemudian data dikumpulkan sehingga menjelaskan temuan dan didapat kesimpulan akhir.Hasil penelitian ini berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan mendapatkan hasil kemampuan membaca permulaan anak sebesar 48,8% dengan rata-rata 1,46 dengan kriteria mulai berkembang, 71,1% dengan rata-rata 2,31 dengan kriteria berkembang sesuai harapan, dan 90,55% dengan rata-rata 2,71 dengan kriteria berkembang sangat baik. Simpulan secara umum, penelitian yang dilakukan untuk menganalisis minat belajar membaca permulaan anak kelompok A1 terdapat kesimpulan akhir berada pada kategori tergolong dengan kriteria berkembang sangat baik.
The Role of Oxidative Stress In Lead Poisoning
Authors: Al-Ubaidy Bashier , K. Al-Khashali Dawsar , A. Numan Nawfal 
Published: March 2022

To investigate the relationship between increased lipid peroxidation, and the lowering of both plasma total proteins and albumin in lead-exposed workers, and the effectiveness of antioxidants (vit. C and E) in modulating oxidative stress in those workers.
Thirty male and females workers employed in the Iraqi storage battery (age range 20-40 years) were participating in this study. Additionally, 11 healthy subjects were served as healthy controls, with the same age range compared to workers group, to avoid the effects of age variations on the studied parameters. Blood lead levels, erythrocytes and plasma MDA, erythrocytes and plasma GSH, total protein and albumin levels in healthy controls and lead-exposed workers pre- and post-treatments with antioxidant were measured.
Comparison with healthy control groups reveal 360% increase in blood lead levels, 150% increase in erythrocyte MDA, 117% increase in plasma MDA, 28% decrease in erythrocyte GSH, 56% decrease in plasma GSH, 13% decrease in total plasma protein and 23% decrease in albumin levels in lead-exposed workers. Treatment with a combination of antioxidant vitamins (1000 mg/day vit. C and 200 mg/day vit. E) for one month produced significant reduction 12% in lead levels, 54% in erythrocyte MDA, 53% in plasma MDA; significant increase 41% in erythrocyte GSH, 120% in plasma GSH and 11% in plasma albumin levels in comparison with pre-treatment levels.
In conclusion, there is a beneficial effect of antioxidants on the oxidative stress parameters that not only related to their ability to remove lead from target cells, but also associated with antioxidant potential for bolstering thiol antioxidant capacity, and this makes these vitamins a good candidate for therapeutic intervention in lead poisoning.
ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE AT THE CONSUMPTION ETHICS OF STUDENTS IN AN-NIDA SALATIGA ISLAMIC BOARDING IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Amirudin Choirul , Sabiq Ahmad Fikri 
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the ethical patten of consumption of the Islamic students at An-Nida Islamic boarding school. The research was conducted in November 2020 using google form and other reputable journals with the keyword "Islamic Comsuption Ethics". Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the consumption behavior of the student at the An-Nida Salatiga Islamic Boarding School has followed the procedure with consumption ethics regulated in Islam. This can be seen from the exposure of the study that the comsumption pattern of the An-Nida Islamic Boarding School students during the pandemic and normal times is not much different. Even during the pandemic, the consumption patterns of the An-Nida students were more regular.
Heparin in the treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lukito Patrick P. , Lie Hendry , Helsa Karina , July Julius 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE
Cerebral vasospasm and the resulting infarction remain the most devastating complications of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Limited treatment options are available, with nimodipine as the only approved prophylactic medication. In addition to its anticoagulant properties, heparin also has a pleiotropic and anti-inflammatory effect that could be beneficial in vasospasm. In this study, the authors sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of heparin in the treatment of aSAH.

METHODS
The PubMed, EBSCOhost, Europe PMC, and Cochrane Central databases were searched to find studies including patients with aSAH who were treated with intravenous unfractionated heparin (UFH) after an aneurysm-securing procedure. Studies that did not include a comparison with UFH or low-molecular-weight heparin in deep vein thrombosis prophylactic doses were excluded. The primary outcome was cerebral vasospasm, and the secondary outcomes were cerebral infarction, clinical deterioration caused by delayed cerebral ischemia, bleeding complications, and thromboembolism complications.

RESULTS
Overall, 5 nonrandomized studies were included; 4 studies evaluated the safety and 3 studies evaluated the efficacy of intravenous heparin. From the analysis of 3 studies with a total of 895 patients, administration of intravenous UFH for > 48 hours was related to a significantly lower rate of cerebral infarction (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.25–0.79). No significant association was found with other efficacy outcomes. Regarding cognitive outcome, one study found a significant improvement in Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores; however, the functional outcome as indicated by the modified Rankin Scale score was not improved by heparin administration. From the analysis of 4 studies with 1099 patients, no significant increases in bleeding and other complications were found.

CONCLUSIONS
Administration of intravenous UFH for more than 48 hours reduced the rate of cerebral infarction with a good safety profile. This result supports the ongoing clinical trial.
Time trends in the risk of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Rigante Luigi , van Lieshout Jasper Hans , Vergouwen Mervyn D. I. , van Griensven Carlijn H. S. , Vart Priya , van der Loo Lars , de Vries Joost , Vinke Ruben Saman , Etminan Nima , Aquarius Rene , Gruber Andreas , Mocco J , Welch Babu G. , Menovsky Tomas , Klijn Catharina J. M. , Bartels Ronald H. M. A. , Germans Menno R. , Hänggi Daniel , Boogaarts Hieronymus D. 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE
Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) contributes to morbidity and mortality after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Continuous improvement in the management of these patients, such as neurocritical care and aneurysm repair, may decrease the prevalence of DCI. In this study, the authors aimed to investigate potential time trends in the prevalence of DCI in clinical studies of DCI within the last 20 years.

METHODS
PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were searched from 2000 to 2020. Randomized controlled trials that reported clinical (and radiological) DCI in patients with aSAH who were randomized to a control group receiving standard care were included. DCI prevalence was estimated by means of random-effects meta-analysis, and subgroup analyses were performed for the DCI sum score, Fisher grade, clinical grade on admission, and aneurysm treatment method. Time trends were evaluated by meta-regression.

RESULTS
The search strategy yielded 5931 records, of which 58 randomized controlled trials were included. A total of 4424 patients in the control arm were included. The overall prevalence of DCI was 0.29 (95% CI 0.26–0.32). The event rate for prevalence of DCI among the high-quality studies was 0.30 (95% CI 0.25–0.34) and did not decrease over time (0.25% decline per year; 95% CI −2.49% to 1.99%, p = 0.819). DCI prevalence was higher in studies that included only higher clinical or Fisher grades, and in studies that included only clipping as the treatment modality.

CONCLUSIONS
Overall DCI prevalence in patients with aSAH was 0.29 (95% CI 0.26–0.32) and did not decrease over time in the control groups of the included randomized controlled trials.
Association between D-dimer levels and long-term mortality in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Fang Fang , Wang Peng , Yao Wei , Wang Xing , Zhang Yu , Chong Weelic , Hai Yang , You Chao , Jiang Yan 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE
D-dimer is a marker for hypercoagulability and thrombotic events. The authors sought to investigate whether D-dimer levels predicted long-term mortality in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

METHODS
This was a retrospective study of patients with aSAH in West China Hospital, Sichuan University, between December 2013 and June 2019. D-dimer levels were measured within 24 hours after admission and were grouped by quartiles. The primary outcome was long-term mortality. Patient deaths were determined through the Household Registration Administration System in China, with a median of 4.4 years of follow-up.

RESULTS
This study included 2056 patients. Compared with patients with the lowest quartile (0.00–0.97 mg/L) of D-dimer levels, the odds of long-term mortality were significantly higher in all other patients, including those with D-dimer levels between 0.97 mg/L and 1.94 mg/L (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.85, 95% CI 1.32–2.60), those with D-dimer levels between 1.94 mg/L and 4.18 mg/L (aHR 1.94, 95% CI 1.40–2.70), and those patients with the highest quartile (> 4.18 mg/L) of D-dimer levels (aHR 2.35, 95% CI 1.70–3.24; p < 0.001). Similar results were observed for the endpoints of 1-year mortality and long-term mortality in 1-year survivors.

CONCLUSIONS
Elevated D-dimer levels at admission were associated with short-term and long-term mortality. This biomarker could be considered in future risk nomograms for long-term outcomes and might support future management decisions.
Day 2 neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios for prediction of delayed cerebral ischemia in subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Bolton William S. , Gharial Parjeet Kaur , Akhunbay-Fudge Christopher , Chumas Paul , Mathew Ryan K. , Anderson Ian A. 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE
Recent evidence has suggested that an admission neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) of ≥ 5.9 predicts delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). The primary aims of this study were to assess reproducibility and to ascertain the predictive ability of NLR on subsequent days postictus. Secondary aims included identification of additional inflammatory markers.

METHODS
A single-center, retrospective study of all patients aged ≥ 18 years with aSAH between May 2014 and July 2018 was performed. Patient characteristics, DCI incidence, operative features, and outcomes (on discharge and at 3 months postictus) were recorded. C-reactive protein (CRP) and full blood count differentials were recorded on admission and through day 8 postictus or at discharge. In total, 403 patients were included in the final analysis.

RESULTS
Ninety-six patients (23.8%) developed DCI with a median time from ictus of 6 days (IQR 3.25–8 days). A platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) cutoff ≥ 157 and CRP cutoff ≥ 27 was used in our cohort. In a multiple binary logistic regression model, after controlling for known DCI predictors, day 2 NLR ≥ 5.9 (OR 2.194, 95% CI 1.099–4.372; p = 0.026), day 1 PLR ≥ 157 (OR 2.398, 95% CI 1.1072–5.361; p = 0.033), day 2 PLR ≥ 157 (OR 2.676, 95% CI 1.344–5.329; p = 0.005), and CRP ≥ 27 on days 3, 4, and 5 were predictive of DCI.

CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study have confirmed the association between NLR and DCI and have demonstrated the predictive potential of PLR and CRP, suggesting that NLR and PLR at day 2, and CRP from day 3 onward, may be better predictors of DCI than those measurements at the time of ictus.
Effects of hyperoxemia on aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ahn Jungeun , Mastorakos Panagiotis , Sokolowski Jennifer D. , Chen Ching-Jen , Kellogg Ryan , Park Min S. 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE
In recent years, hyperoxemia in the intensive care unit has received attention as potentially contributing to negative outcomes in the setting of cardiac arrest, ischemic stroke, and traumatic brain injury. The authors sought to evaluate whether hyperoxemia contributes to worse outcomes in the setting of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and to summarize suggested pathophysiological mechanisms.

METHODS
A systematic literature review was conducted without date restrictions on the PubMed and Web of Science databases on September 15, 2021. All studies that assessed the relationship between patients treated for aSAH and hyperoxemia were eligible independent of the criteria used to define hyperoxemia. All nonclinical studies and studies that did not report outcome data specific to patients with aSAH were excluded. A total of 102 records were found and screened, resulting in assessment of 10 full-text studies, of which 7 met eligibility criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using the Downs and Black checklist. A meta-analysis on the pooled 2602 patients was performed, and forest plots were constructed. Additionally, a review of the literature was performed to summarize available data regarding the pathophysiology of hyperoxemia.

RESULTS
The included studies demonstrated an association between hyperoxemia and increased morbidity and mortality following aSAH. The criteria used to determine hyperoxemia varied among studies. Pooling of univariate data showed hyperoxemia to be associated with poor neurological outcome (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.66–3.07; p < 0.001), delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.31–2.78; p < 0.001), and increased incidence of poor neurological outcome or mortality as a combined endpoint (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.87–2.97; p < 0.001). Pooling of multivariable effect sizes showed the same relationship for poor neurological outcome (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.07–1.55; p = 0.01) and poor neurological outcome and mortality as a combined endpoint (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.11–1.23; p < 0.001). Additionally, review of preclinical studies underlined the contribution of oxidative stress due to hyperoxemia to acute secondary brain injury and DCI.

CONCLUSIONS
Reported outcomes from the available studies have indicated that hyperoxemia is associated with worse neurological outcome, mortality, and DCI. These findings provide a general guideline toward avoiding hyperoxemia in the acute setting of aSAH. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal ventilation and oxygenation parameters for acute management of this patient population.
Hubungan Kunjungan Antenatal Care dan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah terhadap Kejadian Stunting di Kota Batu
Authors: Hapsari Anindya , Fadhilah Yuyun , Wardhani Hartati Eko 
Published: March 2022

AbstrakStunting merupakan salah satu permasalahan gizi kronis yang menyebabkan gangguan pada masa window of opportunity anak. Stunting diketahui dapat disebabkan oleh banyak faktor, antara lain kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC) dan Berat Badan Lahir Bayi Rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kunjungan ANC dan berat badan lahir bayi terhadap kejadian stunting di Kota Batu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu yang mempunyai bayi usia 0-12 bulan di wilayah Kelurahan Temas Kota Batu. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, dimana didapat sampel sebanyak 70 responden. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kunjungan ANC terhadap kejadian stunting (p=0,000), dan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara berat badan lahir bayi terhadap kejadian stunting di Kota Batu (p=0,140). Kesimpulan yang didapatkan adalah bahwa kunjungan ANC saat hamil memiliki hubungan terhadap kejadian stunting di wilayah Kota Batu. Sedangkan berat badan lahir bayi tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian stunting di Kota Batu.Â Kata kunci: Antenatal Care, ASI esklusif, stuntingÂ AbstractStunting is one of chronic nutritional problems that made a disruption on childrenâ€™s window of opportunity period. Stunting can be caused by multifactor, including antenatal care (ANC) visit and low birth weight. This study aimed to determine the correlation between ANC visit and low birth weight with the incidence of stunting in Batu City. This study used an observational analytic study design with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were mothers who had babies aged 0-12 months in the Temas Village, Batu City. Sampling used purposive sampling technique, which obtained respondents as many as 70 respondents. The data analysis technique used Spearman test. The results of this study indicated that there was a significant correlation between ANC visits with the incidence of stunting (p=0.000). And there was no significant correlation between low birth weight with the incidence of stunting in Batu City (p=0,140). This study concluded that ANC visits during pregnancy had a correlation with the incidence of stunting in Batu City. Meanwhile, low birth weight had no correlation with the incidence of stunting in Batu City.Â Keywords: Antenatal Care, exclusive breastfeeding, stunting.