bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erfahrungen und Resilienz von Mitgliedern des Hygieneteams
während der SARS-CoV-2 Pandemie
Authors: Schulz-Stübner Sebastian , Hauer Thomas , Nopper Katharina 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die SARS-CoV-2 Pandemie hat Mitarbeitende im Gesundheitswesen
vor vielfältige Herausforderungen gestellt: Dies betrifft sowohl
inhaltlich-praktische Aspekte, als auch psychologische Fragen bei der
Verarbeitung des Geschehens. Fragestellung und Ziele: Zielsetzung der
vorliegenden Arbeit war die Evaluation der Erfahrungen der Mitglieder der
Hygieneteams während der Pandemie und die Analyse der
Selbsteinschätzung der eigenen Situation zur Ermittlung von
möglichen Resilienzfaktoren.
Material und Methoden Während des Freiburger Infektiologie- und
Hygienekongresses 2021, der unter Coronamaßnahmen in Präsenz
stattfand, wurde eine Fragebogenaktion durchgeführt. Die deskriptive
Auswertung erfolgte mittels Excel. Zur Prüfung auf statistische
Signifikanz mit einem p<0,05 wurde der Chi-Quadrat-Test (SPSS Statistic
Standard-Version) verwendet.
Ergebnisse 391 Fragebögen von 750 verteilten Bögen konnten
ausgewertet werden. 48% des Gesamtkollektivs waren
Hygienefachkräfte, 12% Hygienebeauftragte in der Pflege (sog.
Link Nurses), 12% Medizin-/Krankenhaushygieniker, 17%
hygienebeauftragte Ärzte, 1% Betriebsärzte oder
Ärzte im Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst und 10% fielen
unter verschiedene Bereiche des öffentlichen Gesundheitswesens,
edukative Einrichtungen und Industrie (Sonstige). 72% der Befragten
waren weiblich, 25,3% männlich, 0,2% divers und
2,5% machten keine Angaben. Weiter ausgewertet wurden die 349
Fragebögen der Mitglieder des Hygieneteams im engeren Sinne
(Hygienefachkräfte, Hygienebeauftragte in der Pflege,
Krankenhaushygieniker und hygienebeauftragte Ärzte). Die Befragten gaben
ein hohes Selbstgefühl der Fachkompetenz, Wichtigkeit ihrer
Tätigkeit und Wertschätzung an und ein niedriges Maß an
Ängsten oder Hoffnungslosigkeit. Gut ein Viertel der Befragten
berichtete über Ärger und Frustration ohne
Beeinträchtigung der Motivation. Hauptinformationsquelle war das Robert
Koch-Institut (RKI). Soziale Medien wurden überwiegend schlecht
beurteilt. Die innerbetriebliche Zusammenarbeit und die Kooperation mit den
Gesundheitsämtern wurden mehrheitlich als gut bewertet.
Schlussfolgerung Unsere Befragung zeigt ein hohes Maß an Resilienz
der Hygieneteams in der Pandemie trotz offensichtlicher Probleme bei Material,
Logistik und Personal, wobei selbst empfundene Fachkompetenz und die
entgegengebrachte Wertschätzung als wesentliche protektive Faktoren
angesehen werden können. Die aus den Erfahrungen abgeleiteten
Verbesserungsvorschläge hinsichtlich Infrastruktur, Kommunikation und
Planung für zukünftige Ereignisse sollten beachtet und umgesetzt
werden und dürfen auch nach Übergang der Pandemie in eine
endemische Phase mit normalisierter Versorgungsstruktur nicht wieder in
Vergessenheit geraten. Damit kann nicht nur die Resilienz der Hygieneteams
erhalten werden, sondern auch eine Stärkung des Gesamtsystems erreicht
werden.
Vernix caseosa
Authors: Paling Petra , Koch Ulrich 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungVernix caseosa, die Haut Neugeborener bedeckende Käseschmiere, ist ein
vergleichsweise neues homöopathisches Arzneimittel, zu dem v. a.
inzwischen viele Verlaufsbeobachtungen vorliegen. Hierbei bestätigt sich
die sich aus der Signatur ergebende Annahme, dass das zentrale Thema das
Gefühl der Schutzlosigkeit, Durchlässigkeit und eine dadurch
entstehende Überreizung darstellt. Neben einer Übersicht
über die bislang zu Vernix caseosa verfügbare Literatur werden
dazu Kasuistiken vorgestellt.
Guarea trichiloides – ich stecke fest in einem fortdauernden
Kampf um Würde und Recht
Authors: Kellinghaus Heinz 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungEs wird der Fall eines 62-jährigen Mannes beschrieben, der aus
politischen Gründen in seiner Jugend aus dem Iran fliehen musste. Mit
hohem moralischem Anspruch an sich und alle Menschen kämpft er
unnachgiebig gegen das Unrecht in der Welt und um seine Würde. Der
Druck, den er sich dabei macht, und sein Ehrgeiz engen ihn ein und
führen zu körperlichen Beschwerden. Staphysagria und Anacardium
liegen nahe, zeigen aber keine Wirkung. Guarea trichiloides (Guare.) erweist
sich als das Simile. Die Darstellungen von Guare. durch J. Scholten und M. Yakir
ergänzen sich gut hinsichtlich des Verständnisses für
diesen Patienten.
Assessment of Dyslipidemia, Lipid Ratios, and Atherogenic Indices as Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Prediabetic and Diabetic Subjects
Authors: Rathi Himani , Kumar Raman , Goyal Bela , Kant Ravi , Mirza Anissa Atif , Rana Satyavati , Naithani Manisha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background Uttarakhand is a small state in northern India that comprises mixed population with people dwelling in both hilly and plain areas. Globally, diabetes mellitus (DM) has already been considered to be a pandemic. Furthermore, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) significantly increase mortality and morbidity in patients suffering from DM. Additionally, dyslipidemia has been identified as an important marker in the development of atherosclerosis and ultimately CVD in patients of prediabetes and diabetes. Thus, the identification of subjects with dyslipidemia in prediabetes might be fruitful in lowering their progression to diabetes and ultimately in decreasing incidences of CVD. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess dyslipidemia via the calculation of atherogenic indices (AI) and lipid ratios in prediabetic and diabetic groups attending tertiary care hospital in Uttarakhand.
Materials and Methods This study reviewed retrospective biochemical data of 500 study subjects from e-hospital software of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh. All study subjects were divided into three groups: 122 controls, 137 prediabetics, and 241 diabetics based on the American Diabetes Association criteria. Study subjects were evaluated for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, and AI (total cholesterol [TC]/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDLc], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDLc]/HDLc, TC-HDLc/HDLc, triglycerides [TG]/HDLc).
Results Results showed that TC, TG, LDLc, and AI were significantly higher, and HDLc was significantly decreased in prediabetic and diabetic groups compared with controls. Furthermore, HbA1c showed significant positive correlation with lipid profile and AI except atherogenic coefficient (TC-HDL/HDL).
Conclusion In conclusion, the current study showed the presence of dyslipidemia in both prediabetic and diabetic groups underlining their importance for screening at the prediabetic stage. Hence, we also recommend screening of the prediabetic group for dyslipidemia to arrest the development of early cardiovascular complications.
18F-FDG Whole-Body PET-MR in Primary Hepatic Lymphoma Mimicking Focal Nodular Hyperplasia
Authors: Basheer Shyma , Kumar Gauthaman Dinesh , Subramanyam Padma , Palaniswamy Shanmuga Sundaram 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrimary hepatic lymphomas are rare hepatic malignancies which are often misdiagnosed preoperatively. Early accurate diagnosis is essential as the patients can be treated successfully with chemotherapy, eluding the need for surgery. We present a case of primary hepatic lymphoma which mimicked as focal nodular hyperplasia with normal biochemical tumor markers, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) whole-body positron emission magnetic resonance showed intense FDG uptake in the large hepatic lesion. The patient subsequently underwent right hepatectomy, and histopathology revealed diffuse large B cell lymphoma.
Atypical Muscular Sarcoidosis Involvement Revealed by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Lucinian Yousif A. , Martineau Patrick , Pelletier-Galarneau Matthieu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe present the case of a 65-year-old woman with known pulmonary and muscular sarcoidosis who presented with dyspnea. FDG-PET/CT revealed unsuspected active myositis of multiple muscle groups, including the neck, and was useful in monitoring treatment response.
18F-NaF PET/CT in Presumed Aseptic Pseudarthrosis after Spinal Fusion: Correlation with Findings at Revision Surgery and Intraoperative Cultures
Authors: El Yaagoubi Yacine , Loret Jean-Edouard , Lioret Eric , Thomas Clément , Simonneau Adrien , Vinikoff Laurent , Prunier-Aesch Caroline , Chetanneau Alain , Philippe Laurent , Ogielska Maja , Bernard Louis 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background Conventional imaging is useful to assess interbody fusion by showing complete trabecular bony bridging, but has a low positive predictive value for pseudarthrosis. Because alterations of bone metabolism may precede structural anatomical changes on computed tomography (CT), we aimed to investigate the ability of fluorine 18 sodium fluoride positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-NaF PET/CT) to identify pseudarthrosis after spinal fusion using surgical revision as the reference standard.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed 18F-NaF PET/CT scans performed between February 2019 and September 2020 in patients experiencing pain after spinal fusion. We included the 18 patients who underwent revision surgery for suspicion of pseudarthrosis. Five consecutive patients who were clearly fused on CT served as the control group.
Results In the revision surgery group (n=18), visual assessment by 18F-NaF PET/CT revealed that all 22 cages with an increased 18F-NaF uptake around intercorporal fusion material had mobility at revision surgery, whereas none of the fused patients (n=5) showed uptake around cage/intervertebral disk space. Among the 18 patients with presumed aseptic pseudarthrosis, intraoperative cultures revealed surgical site infection (SSI) caused by Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) in seven patients (38.9%). There was a statistically significant difference in standardized uptake values and uptake ratios between the revision surgery and control groups (p=5.3× 10−6 and p=0.0002, respectively).
Conclusions 18F-NaF PET/CT imaging appeared as a useful tool to identify pseudarthrosis following spinal fusion. The unexpectedly high prevalence (38.9%) of SSI caused by C. acnes found in presumed aseptic patients supports the utility of intraoperative cultures in revision cases for pseudarthrosis, even without preoperative clinical suspicion of SSI.
Traumatic Brain Injury Cases' Mortality Predictors, Association, and Outcomes in the Emergency Department at a Tertiary Healthcare Center in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Shareef Ali S. , Thaqafi Majid Al , Alzahrani Moajeb , Samman Afnan M. , AlShareef Abdullah , Alzahrani Ahmad , Alzahrani Ali , Rio Ali , Hariri Bassam , Ramadan Majed 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aim Incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Saudi Arabia has been estimated to be 116 per 1,00,000 population as incidence of TBI continues to rise in our region. We aim to study the demographics, mortality predictors, and factors influencing the outcome of TBI cases in a tertiary care center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Materials and Methods We retrospectively collected data from all consecutive patients treated at the Emergency Department of King Abdulaziz Medical City including all acute TBI adult cases (>18 years) from 2016 to 2019. Logistic regression models were used to identify significant predictors of mortality. A total of 423 individuals with TBI were enrolled in the study. Nearly, half of them were in age group of 18 to 29 (40.77). Most patients were males (76.83%).
Results Injuries were most commonly mild-to-moderate TBI (73.83%). Road traffic accident was the most common mechanism of injury (49.7%) followed by fall (39.5%). Most common mode of transportation was private cars (47.57%). Most patient required less than or equal to24hours of admission (61.23%). A total of 30 (7%) died in the hospital all of which were male with no death cases reported among females.
Conclusion In conclusion, this study reports a mortality rate related to TBI that is among the lowest in the region. Injuries were male predominant with more balanced male to female ratio. Patients who were delivered to the hospital via private cars had an improved survival. These finding should be interpreted in the context of retrospective noncontrolled study design, and further future studies are encouraged to consolidate these findings.
18F-FDG PET-CT Evaluation of Primary Adrenal Ewing Sarcoma with Venous Thrombosis: An Unusual Presentation
Authors: Roy Debdip , Pereira Melvika , Shivdasani Divya , Singh Natasha 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEwing sarcoma (EWS) is primarily an osseous malignancy of childhood and young adults. Extraskeletal occurrence is less frequent and primary adrenal involvement is an even rare presentation. We present such a case of a 7-year-old boy diagnosed with adrenal EWS with associated venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism detected on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan.
Tagging Efficiency of 99mTc-SC Radiolabeled Alternative Gastric Emptying Meals: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Pal Deepak Kumar , Singh Dhananjay Kumar , Deswal Satyawati , Pathak Anurag 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to know the tagging efficiencies of technetium-99m labeled sulfur colloid (99mTc-SC) with different meals.
Materials and Methods Egg white sandwiches are the gold standard for gastric-emptying scan (GES); thus, an egg white omelet labeled with 99mTc-SC is taken as a standard meal. For evaluation, we included four meals, bread and butter, instant oatmeal, idli, and chapatti, and all meals were prepared by labeling them with 99mTc-SC. After preparation, food articles were chopped with the help of a metal fork and mixed in simulated gastric fluid. Four samples were taken simultaneously from each food article and analyzed for 1 to 4hours after agitation within the centrifuge. The samples were filtered and separated from the sediments and supernatants. We analyzed the activity in each sample before and after filtration.
Results The mean values of labeling efficiency in per cent of various meals were obtained. There was no significant difference in labeling stability for egg whites, chapatti, and idli meals labeled with 99mTc-SC from 1 to 4hours as their p-value (p>0.05) was insignificant.
Conclusion Radiolabeled chapatti and idli with 99mTc-SC show higher labeling stability, while oatmeal and bread and butter samples show relatively low stability. Thus, for GES, chapatti and idli labeled with 99mTc-SC can be used as alternatives to eggs for vegetarian people or for those allergic to eggs.
Animal welfare chauvinism in Brexit Britain: a genealogy of care and control
Authors: Message Reuben 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper uses the deployment of animal welfare as an issue during the ‘Brexit’ referendum as a lens through which to explore the mutual shaping of discourses about care for animals in Britain and the British nation, or the nationalism of animal welfare. Adopting a genealogical outlook, it uses one political advertisement in particular—paid for by the official Vote Leave campaign—as a focalising image and means of opening up the issues, leading to an empirical emphasis on the issue of live animal export as it has mediated ideas about Europe and British identity. Introducing the idea of ‘animal welfare chauvinism’, the paper suggests that animal welfare messages in the context of this constitutional debate were products of chauvinistic and caring impulses which are mutually constitutive and crystallised through discourses formed in relation to contingent historical struggles. Analytically, stress is placed on the constructive role of situated and repeated discursive exchanges, occurring between animal advocates and other national political elites, within which ‘care for animals’ as a national ideal is forged. In this light, the article concludes with reflections on the stakes of entering into an already existing conversation on the ‘national culture of care’ for animals in Britain.
Ibrexafungerp: A new triterpenoid antifungal
Authors: Sucher Allana J , Thai Annie , Tran Charlene , Mantena Netra , Noronha Allwyn , Chahine Elias B 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose
The pharmacology, microbiology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, safety, and role of ibrexafungerp in the treatment of fungal infections are reviewed.

Summary
Ibrexafungerp is the first triterpenoid antifungal. Similarly to echinocandins, it inhibits the synthesis of 1,3-β-d-glucan. However, it binds to a different site on the enzyme than echinocandins, resulting in limited cross-resistance. Ibrexafungerp exerts concentration-dependent fungicidal activity against Candida species and retains in vitro activity against most fluconazole-resistant strains. It is also active against Aspergillus species. Ibrexafungerp has been shown to be safe and effective in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis caused by Candida albicans in phase 2 and phase 3 clinical trials. It is approved for vulvovaginal candidiasis in adult and postmenarchal pediatric females and is given as two 150-mg tablets orally, administered 12 hours apart. Ibrexafungerp is contraindicated in pregnancy. The most commonly reported adverse reactions were diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, dizziness, and vomiting. Ibrexafungerp should be avoided with strong or moderate CYP3A inducers, and the dose should be reduced with strong CYP3A inhibitors. Ibrexafungerp may be useful for patients who are not able to receive fluconazole or prefer oral therapy for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis. However, it is more expensive than the 150-mg tablet of generic fluconazole, which is the current standard of care for vulvovaginal candidiasis. Clinical trials are ongoing for recurrent and complicated vulvovaginal candidiasis as well as invasive candidiasis and pulmonary aspergillosis.

Conclusion
Ibrexafungerp is an alternative to fluconazole for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis in nonpregnant females. It has the potential to be useful for recurrent and complicated vulvovaginal candidiasis as well as certain invasive fungal infections.
Implementation of a high-impact medication therapy subcommittee within a large academic medical center
Authors: Mernick Francesca , Akrap Antonia , MacCormack-Gagnon Jacqueline 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Healthcare systems are challenged with implementing high-cost, high-impact medication therapies with increasing frequency. Pharmacy & therapeutics (P&T) committees may struggle to integrate requests for these medications into their existing formulary review process. This article describes one large academic medical center’s experience with creating a new P&T subcommittee that addresses the clinical, operational, and financial challenges these medications present.

Summary
The High-Impact Medication Therapy Subcommittee was established to optimize the institution’s process for reviewing formulary requests for medications that are defined as “high impact”—nononcology medications that are extremely expensive and/or have complex operational or clinical challenges. The multidisciplinary subcommittee has 3 chairs—a physician, a nurse, and a pharmacist—and includes representation from all areas of pharmacy practice (clinical pharmacy, operations, supply chain, finance, and informatics), as well as medical and nursing leadership, hospital finance, and patient access services. Additional relevant stakeholders are invited as needed. The first medication to be reviewed at this subcommittee was afamelanotide, a melanocortin receptor agonist indicated for treatment of erythropoietic protoporphyria. The subcommittee addressed cost-efficacy concerns and operational challenges, and the final recommendation was for formulary addition, with clearly defined restriction criteria and the creation of a new workflow to meet the unique operational considerations with this drug.

Conclusion
As medication costs continue to rise at unprecedented rates and reimbursement requirements continue to increase in complexity, the High-Impact Medication Therapy Subcommittee provides a necessary venue for reviewing high-cost medications with complex clinical or operational considerations and proactively addressing implementation challenges.
Efficacy and Safety of DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection in the Treatment of Glabellar Lines by Age and Race: Subgroup Analysis of the SAKURA Clinical Trials
Authors: Solish Nowell , Burgess Cheryl M , Weinkle Susan H , Ablon Glynis , Brown Jessica , Kooken Kristie , Rubio Roman G 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection (DAXI) is a novel botulinum toxin type A formulation approved for the treatment of glabellar lines. The efficacy, safety, and extended duration of response of DAXI 40 U for glabellar lines were demonstrated in 2 Phase 3, randomized, double-blind studies (SAKURA 1 and 2) and a Phase 3 open-label trial (SAKURA 3).

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the first DAXI 40 U treatment received in SAKURA 1, 2, or 3 across age and race subgroups.

Methods
Adults with moderate-to-severe glabellar lines (Investigator Global Assessment–Frown Wrinkle Severity [IGA-FWS] and Patient FWS [PFWS] scales) were evaluated for glabellar line severity for ≤36 weeks after the first DAXI treatment. Efficacy and safety were analyzed by age (18-45, &gt;45-55, and &gt;55 years) and race (Asian, Black and African American, and White).

Results
Overall, 2785 patients were included in the efficacy analysis. The proportion of patients achieving none or mild glabellar line severity at maximum frown (IGA-FWS) after DAXI treatment was high in all age and race subgroups (&gt;96% at Week 4). Glabellar line severity of none or mild by composite IGA-FWS and PFWS rating was maintained for a median of 24.0 weeks in all age subgroups, and for 27.0, 25.3, and 24.0 weeks in the Asian, Black and African American, and White subgroups, respectively. Treatment-emergent adverse events were similar across all subgroups.

Conclusions
Consistent with the overall study population, DAXI 40 U demonstrated a high response rate and duration of effect of ≥24 weeks across all age and race subgroups.
Characterization of human cystathionine γ-lyase enzyme activities toward d-amino acids
Authors: Miyamoto Tetsuya , Saitoh Yasuaki , Katane Masumi , Sekine Masae , Sakai-Kato Kumiko , Homma Hiroshi 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Various d-amino acids play important physiological roles in mammals, but the pathways of their production remain unknown except for d-serine, which is generated by serine racemase. Previously, we found that Escherichia coli cystathionine β-lyase possesses amino acid racemase activity in addition to β-lyase activity. In the present work, we evaluated the enzymatic activities of human cystathionine γ-lyase, which shares a relatively high amino acid sequence identity with cystathionine β-lyase. The enzyme did not show racemase activity toward various amino acids including alanine and lyase and dehydratase activities were highest toward l-cystathionine and l-homoserine, respectively. The enzyme also showed weak activity toward l-cysteine and l-serine but no activity toward d-amino acids. Intriguingly, the pH and temperature profiles of lyase activity were distinct from those of dehydratase activity. Catalytic efficiency was higher for lyase activity than for dehydratase activity.