Global survival trends for brain tumors, by histology: Analysis of individual records for 67,776 children diagnosed in 61 countries during 2000–2014 (CONCORD-3)
Authors: Girardi Fabio , Di Carlo Veronica , Stiller Charles , Gatta Gemma , Woods Ryan R , Visser Otto , Lacour Brigitte , Tucker Thomas C , Coleman Michel P , Allemani Claudia ,   CONCORD Working Group, Bouzbid S , Hamdi-Chérif M , Kara L , Meguenni K , Regagba D , Bayo S , Cheick Bougadari T , Manraj S S , Bendahhou K , Ladipo A , Ogunbiyi O J , Somdyala N I M , Chaplin M A , Moreno F , Calabrano G H , Espinola S B , Carballo Quintero B , Fita R , Laspada W D , Ibañez S G , Lima C A , Da Costa A Mafra , De Souza P C F , Chaves J , Laporte C A , Curado M P , de Oliveira J C , Veneziano C L A , Veneziano D B , Almeida A B M , Latorre M R D O , Rebelo M S , Santos M O , Azevedo e Silva G , Galaz J C , Aparicio Aravena M , Sanhueza Monsalve J , Herrmann D A , Vargas S , Herrera V M , Uribe C J , Bravo L E , Garcia L S , Arias-Ortiz N E , Morantes D , Jurado D M , Yépez Chamorro M C , Delgado S , Ramirez M , Galán Alvarez Y H , Torres P , Martínez-Reyes F , Jaramillo L , Quinto R , Castillo J , Mendoza M , Cueva P , Yépez J G , Bhakkan B , Deloumeaux J , Joachim C , Macni J , Carrillo R , Shalkow Klincovstein J , Rivera Gomez R , Perez P , Poquioma E , Tortolero-Luna G , Zavala D , Alonso R , Barrios E , Eckstrand A , Nikiforuk C , Woods R R , Noonan G , Turner D , Kumar E , Zhang B , Dowden J J , Doyle G P , Saint-Jacques N , Walsh G , Anam A , De P , McClure C A , Vriends K A , Bertrand C , Ramanakumar A V , Davis L , Kozie S , Freeman T , George J T , Avila R M , O’Brien D K , Holt A , Almon L , Kwong S , Morris C , Rycroft R , Mueller L , Phillips C E , Brown H , Cromartie B , Ruterbusch J , Schwartz A G , Levin G M , Wohler B , Bayakly R , Ward K C , Gomez S L , McKinley M , Cress R , Davis J , Hernandez B , Johnson C J , Morawski B M , Ruppert L P , Bentler S , Charlton M E , Huang B , Tucker T C , Deapen D , Liu L , Hsieh M C , Wu X C , Schwenn M , Stern K , Gershman S T , Knowlton R C , Alverson G , Weaver T , Desai J , Rogers D B , Jackson-Thompson J , Lemons D , Zimmerman H J , Hood M , Roberts-Johnson J , Hammond W , Rees J R , Pawlish K S , Stroup A , Key C , Wiggins C , Kahn A R , Schymura M J , Radhakrishnan S , Rao C , Giljahn L K , Slocumb R M , Dabbs C , Espinoza R E , Aird K G , Beran T , Rubertone J J , Slack S J , Oh J , Janes T A , Schwartz S M , Chiodini S C , Hurley D M , Whiteside M A , Rai S , Williams M A , Herget K , Sweeney C , Kachajian J , Keitheri Cheteri M B , Migliore Santiago P , Blankenship S E , Conaway J L , Borchers R , Malicki R , Espinoza J , Grandpre J , Weir H K , Wilson R , Edwards B K , Mariotto A , Rodriguez-Galindo C , Wang N , Yang L , Chen J S , Zhou Y , He Y T , Song G H , Gu X P , Mei D , Mu H J , Ge H M , Wu T H , Li Y Y , Zhao D L , Jin F , Zhang J H , Zhu F D , Junhua Q , Yang Y L , Jiang C X , Biao W , Wang J , Li Q L , Yi H , Zhou X , Dong J , Li W , Fu F X , Liu S Z , Chen J G , Zhu J , Li Y H , Lu Y Q , Fan M , Huang S Q , Guo G P , Zhaolai H , Wei K , Chen W Q , Wei W , Zeng H , Demetriou A V , Mang W K , Ngan K C , Kataki A C , Krishnatreya M , Jayalekshmi P A , Sebastian P , George P S , Mathew A , Nandakumar A , Malekzadeh R , Roshandel G , Keinan-Boker L , Silverman B G , Ito H , Koyanagi Y , Sato M , Tobori F , Nakata I , Teramoto N , Hattori M , Kaizaki Y , Moki F , Sugiyama H , Utada M , Nishimura M , Yoshida K , Kurosawa K , Nemoto Y , Narimatsu H , Sakaguchi M , Kanemura S , Naito M , Narisawa R , Miyashiro I , Nakata K , Mori D , Yoshitake M , Oki I , Fukushima N , Shibata A , Iwasa K , Ono C , Matsuda T , Nimri O , Jung K W , Won Y J , Alawadhi E , Elbasmi A , Ab Manan A , Adam F , Nansalmaa E , Tudev U , Ochir C , Al Khater A M , El Mistiri M M , Lim G H , Teo Y Y , Chiang C J , Lee W C , Buasom R , Sangrajrang S , Suwanrungruang K , Vatanasapt P , Daoprasert K , Pongnikorn D , Leklob A , Sangkitipaiboon S , Geater S L , Sriplung H , Ceylan O , Kög I , Dirican O , Köse T , Gurbuz T , Karaşahin F E , Turhan D , Aktaş U , Halat Y , Eser S , Yakut C I , Altinisik M , Cavusoglu Y , Türkköylü A , Üçüncü N , Hackl M , Zborovskaya A A , Aleinikova O V , Henau K , Van Eycken L , Atanasov T Y , Valerianova Z , Šekerija M , Dušek L , Zvolský M , Steinrud Mørch L , Storm H , Wessel Skovlund C , Innos K , Mägi M , Malila N , Seppä K , Jégu J , Velten M , Cornet E , Troussard X , Bouvier A M , Guizard A V , Bouvier V , Launoy G , Dabakuyo Yonli S , Poillot M L , Maynadié M , Mounier M , Vaconnet L , Woronoff A S , Daoulas M , Robaszkiewicz M , Clavel J , Poulalhon C , Desandes E , Lacour B , Baldi I , Amadeo B , Coureau G , Monnereau A , Orazio S , Audoin M , D’Almeida T C , Boyer S , Hammas K , Trétarre B , Colonna M , Delafosse P , Plouvier S , Cowppli-Bony A , Molinié F , Bara S , Ganry O , Lapôtre-Ledoux B , Daubisse-Marliac L , Bossard N , Uhry Z , Estève J , Stabenow R , Wilsdorf-Köhler H , Eberle A , Luttmann S , Löhden I , Nennecke A L , Kieschke J , Sirri E , Justenhoven C , Reinwald F , Holleczek B , Eisemann N , Katalinic A , Asquez R A , Kumar V , Petridou E , Ólafsdóttir E J , Tryggvadóttir L , Murray D E , Walsh P M , Sundseth H , Harney M , Mazzoleni G , Vittadello F , Coviello E , Cuccaro F , Galasso R , Sampietro G , Giacomin A , Magoni M , Ardizzone A , D’Argenzio A , Di Prima A A , Ippolito A , Lavecchia A M , Sutera Sardo A , Gola G , Ballotari P , Giacomazzi E , Ferretti S , Dal Maso L , Serraino D , Celesia M V , Filiberti R A , Pannozzo F , Melcarne A , Quarta F , Andreano A , Russo A G , Carrozzi G , Cirilli C , Cavalieri d’Oro L , Rognoni M , Fusco M , Vitale M F , Usala M , Cusimano R , Mazzucco W , Michiara M , Sgargi P , Boschetti L , Marguati S , Chiaranda G , Seghini P , Maule M M , Merletti F , Spata E , Tumino R , Mancuso P , Cassetti T , Sassatelli R , Falcini F , Giorgetti S , Caiazzo A L , Cavallo R , Piras D , Bella F , Madeddu A , Fanetti A C , Maspero S , Carone S , Mincuzzi A , Candela G , Scuderi T , Gentilini M A , Rizzello R , Rosso S , Caldarella A , Intrieri T , Bianconi F , Contiero P , Tagliabue G , Rugge M , Zorzi M , Beggiato S , Brustolin A , Gatta G , De Angelis R , Vicentini M , Zanetti R , Stracci F , Maurina A , Oniščuka M , Mousavi M , Steponaviciene L , Vincerževskienė I , Azzopardi M J , Calleja N , Siesling S , Visser O , Johannesen T B , Larønningen S , Trojanowski M , Macek P , Mierzwa T , Rachtan J , Rosińska A , Kępska K , Kościańska B , Barna K , Sulkowska U , Gebauer T , Łapińska J B , Wójcik-Tomaszewska J , Motnyk M , Patro A , Gos A , Sikorska K , Bielska-Lasota M , Didkowska J A , Wojciechowska U , Forjaz de Lacerda G , Rego R A , Carrito B , Pais A , Bento M J , Rodrigues J , Lourenço A , Mayer-da-Silva A , Coza D , Todescu A I , Valkov M Y , Gusenkova L , Lazarevich O , Prudnikova O , Vjushkov D M , Egorova A , Orlov A , Pikalova L V , Zhuikova L D , Adamcik J , Safaei Diba C , Zadnik V , Žagar T , De-La-Cruz M , Lopez-de-Munain A , Aleman A , Rojas D , Chillarón R J , Navarro A I M , Marcos-Gragera R , Puigdemont M , Rodríguez-Barranco M , Sánchez Perez M J , Franch Sureda P , Ramos Montserrat M , Chirlaque López M D , Sánchez Gil A , Ardanaz E , Guevara M , Cañete-Nieto A , Peris-Bonet R , Carulla M , Galceran J , Almela F , Sabater C , Khan S , Pettersson D , Dickman P , Staehelin K , Struchen B , Egger Hayoz C , Rapiti E , Schaffar R , Went P , Mousavi S M , Bulliard J-L , Maspoli-Conconi M , Kuehni C E , Redmond S M , Bordoni A , Ortelli L , Chiolero A , Konzelmann I , Rohrmann S , Wanner M , Broggio J , Rashbass J , Stiller C , Fitzpatrick D , Gavin A , Morrison D S , Thomson C S , Greene G , Huws D W , Grayson M , Rawcliffe H , Allemani C , Coleman M P , Di Carlo V , Girardi F , Matz M , Minicozzi P , Sanz N , Ssenyonga N , James D , Stephens R , Chalker E , Smith M , Gugusheff J , You H , Qin Li S , Dugdale S , Moore J , Philpot S , Pfeiffer R , Thomas H , Silva Ragaini B , Venn A J , Evans S M , Te Marvelde L , Savietto V , Trevithick R , Aitken J , Currow D , Fowler C , Lewis C 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionTumors of the central nervous system are among the leading causes of cancer-related death in children. Population-based cancer survival reflects the overall effectiveness of a health care system in managing cancer. Inequity in access to care world-wide may result in survival disparities.MethodsWe considered children (0–14 years) diagnosed with a brain tumor during 2000–2014, regardless of tumor behavior. Data underwent a rigorous, three-phase quality control as part of CONCORD-3. We implemented a revised version of the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (third edition) to control for under-registration of non-malignant astrocytic tumors. We estimated net survival using the unbiased nonparametric Pohar Perme estimator.ResultsThe study included 67,776 children. We estimated survival for 12 histology groups, each based on relevant ICD-O-3 codes. Age-standardized 5-year net survival for low-grade astrocytoma ranged between 84% and 100% world-wide during 2000–2014. In most countries, 5-year survival was 90% or more during 2000–2004, 2005–2009, and 2010–2014. Global variation in survival for medulloblastoma was much wider, with age-standardized 5-year net survival between 47% and 86% for children diagnosed during 2010–2014.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this study provides the largest account to date of global trends in population-based survival for brain tumors in children, by histology. We devised an enhanced version of ICCC-3 to account for differences in cancer registration practices world-wide. Our findings may have public health implications, because low-grade glioma is 1 of the 6 index childhood cancers included by WHO in the Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer.