bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between intimate partner violence and multiple partner fertility among Colombian women
Authors: Cardenas Iris , Cuesta Laura 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study assessed the relationship between multiple partner fertility (MPF) and intimate partner violence (IPV) and whether such relationship differed by children's age.BackgroundIPV negatively impacts the well‐being of women and children. Some risk factors for IPV, such as financial insecurity and young age, have been identified. Much less is known about the extent to which MPF, an increasingly common experience for women in a wide range of countries, is associated with an increased risk of IPV.MethodWe used data of mothers with at least two children from the Colombian 2015 Demographic and Health Surveys (N = 16,621). We estimated a series of logistic regression models to examine the association between MPF and IPV; our models controlled for various measures of mothers' and households' characteristics.ResultsThe prevalence of IPV was higher among mothers with MPF than mothers with single partner fertility (SPF). MPF was associated with an increased risk of IPV, but this relationship was only significant for younger mothers (aged 25–29 years). The association between MPF and IPV did not differ by the age of the youngest child.ConclusionYounger mothers with MPF are at a higher risk of experiencing IPV than younger mothers with SPF.ImplicationsIPV programming would benefit from targeted interventions aimed at young mothers with MPF and their children. More research exploring the dynamics of family complexity and IPV is needed.
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors and direct oral anticoagulants: In vitro evaluation of drug–drug interaction mediated by P‐glycoprotein
Authors: Lafaie Ludovic , Hodin Sophie , Saïb Sonia , Bin Valérie , Bertoletti Laurent , Delavenne Xavier 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDirect oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are now an option in the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in patients with active cancer. Pharmacokinetics of DOACs are largely influenced by efflux transporters derived from ABC transporters, notably by P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp). The aim of this study was to assess the potential P‐gp‐mediated drug–drug interactions between 11 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with apixaban and rivaroxaban. Bidirectional permeabilities of apixaban and rivaroxaban were investigated across MDCK‐MDR1 models, to determine half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). Several categories of interaction risks based on IC50 values can be distinguished depending on the TKI and DOAC used. IC50 values of less than 10 μM were observed with the combination of erlotinib, nilotinib with both DOACs, and with dabrafenib and apixaban. IC50 values between 10 and 100 μM were seen for axitinib, crizotinib, dasatinib, imatinib, and lapatinib with apixaban, and for axitinib, crizotinib, dabrafenib, idelalisib, imatinib, and vemurafenib with rivaroxaban. A risk of drug–drug interaction was found in vitro between TKIs and DOACs. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies are needed to ensure the safety of prescribing DOACs in cancer patients on TKI therapy, in order to avoid major, potentially preventable bleeding events.
Amplatzer Amulet™ left atrial appendage occluder: A step‐by‐step guide to device implantation
Authors: Ellis Christopher R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecently receiving Food and Drug Administration approval, the Amplatzer Amulet™ left atrial appendage occluder device (Abbott Medical Inc.) provides a dual seal mechanism alternative to the commercially available Watchman FLX or Watchman 2.5 device for embolic stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. This step‐by‐step review will cover patient selection, preprocedure imaging assessment, device sizing, device preparation, implant target position assessment, implant technique and troubleshooting, and immediate postimplant follow‐up.
Severe inpatient hypertension prevalence and blood pressure response to antihypertensive treatment
Authors: Ghazi Lama , Li Fan , Chen Xinyuan , Simonov Michael , Yamamoto Yu , Biswas Aditya , Hanna Jonathan , Shah Tayyab , Townsend Raymond , Peixoto Aldo , Wilson F. Perry 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSevere hypertension (HTN) that develops during hospitalization is more common than admission for HTN; however, it is poorly studied, and treatment guidelines are lacking. Our goal is to characterize hospitalized patients who develop severe HTN and assess blood pressure (BP) response to treatment. This is a multi‐hospital retrospective cohort study of adults admitted for reasons other than HTN who developed severe HTN. The authors defined severe inpatient HTN as the first documented BP elevation (systolic BP > 180 or diastolic BP > 110) at least 1 hour after admission. Treatment was defined as receiving antihypertensives (intravenous [IV] or oral) within 6h of BP elevation. As a measure of possible overtreatment, the authors studied the association between treatment and time to mean arterial pressure (MAP) drop ≥ 30% using the Cox proportional hazards model. Among 224 265 hospitalized adults, 10% developed severe HTN of which 40% were treated. Compared to patients who did not develop severe HTN, those who did were older, more commonly women and black, and had more comorbidities. Incident MAP drop ≥ 30% among treated and untreated patients with severe HTN was 2.2 versus 5.7/1000 person‐hours. After adjustment, treated versus. untreated patients had lower rates of MAP drop ≥ 30% (hazard rate [HR]: 0.9 [0.8, 0.99]). However, those receiving only IV treatment versus untreated had greater rates of MAP drop ≥ 30% (1.4 [1.2, 1.7]). Overall, the authors found that clinically significant MAP drop is observed among inpatients with severe HTN irrespective of treatment, with greater rates observed among patients treated only with IV antihypertensives. Further research is needed to phenotype inpatients with severe HTN.
Mental health and social difficulties of late‐diagnosed autistic children, across childhood and adolescence
Authors: Mandy Will , Midouhas Emily , Hosozawa Mariko , Cable Noriko , Sacker Amanda , Flouri Eirini 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAutism can be diagnosed from 2 years of age, although most autistic people receive their diagnosis later than this after they have started education. Research is required to understand why some autistic children are diagnosed late, and the level and nature of unmet need prior to diagnosis for late‐diagnosed children.MethodsWe examined trajectories of emotional, behavioural and social difficulties (EBSDs) across childhood and adolescence, comparing ‘earlier‐diagnosed’ (diagnosed 7 years or younger) with ‘late‐diagnosed’ (diagnosed between 8 and 14 years) autistic children. Data were from the Millennium Cohort Study, a population‐based UK birth cohort. EBSDs were measured using the parent‐report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, at 3, 5, 7, 11 and 14 years. We used Growth Curve Modelling to investigate levels and rates of change in these difficulties, and to compare earlier‐ (n = 146) and late‐diagnosed (n = 284) autistic children.ResultsAged 5, earlier‐diagnosed autistic children had more emotional (i.e., internalising), conduct, hyperactivity and social difficulties; although clinical difficulties in these areas were nevertheless common in late‐diagnosed children. There was a faster annual increase in scores for all domains for late‐diagnosed children, and by age 14 years, they had higher levels of EBSDs. These results persisted when we ran adjusted models, to account for the late‐diagnosed group having higher rates of late‐diagnosed attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, higher IQ, a higher proportion of females and older and more educated mothers.ConclusionsEmotional, behavioural and social difficulties are associated with, and may influence, the timing of autism diagnosis. Late‐diagnosed autistic children often have high levels of mental health and social difficulties prior to their autism diagnosis, and tend to develop even more severe problems as they enter adolescence.
Validation of five hepatic steatosis algorithms in metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease: A population based study
Authors: Liu Yuxiu , Liu Shiying , Huang Jiaofeng , Zhu Yueyong , Lin Su 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimNon‐invasive hepatic steatosis algorithms are recommended in detecting metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in epidemiological studies. However, the diagnostic accuracy of these models is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of five common models in a national survey population.MethodsThe Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) datasets were used in this study. The fatty liver index (FLI), hepatic steatosis index (HSI), non‐alcoholic liver disease‐liver fat score (NAFLD‐LFS), the steato text (ST), and visceral adiposity index (VAI) were evaluated.ResultsThe prevalence of MAFLD in the general population was 31.2%. The proportion of MAFLD estimated using the NAFLD‐LFS (30.8%) was the closest to the real number, whereas the ST model (66.1%) significantly overestimated the prevalence of MAFLD in this cohort. The FLI (36.9%) and HSI models (38.5%) also slightly overestimated the prevalence of MAFLD in the study population. The FLI had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) value (0.793) among all models, with a sensitivity of 57.0%, a specificity of 83.8%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 67.3%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 77.0%. The combination of the original algorithm with additional metabolic dysfunction criteria did not improve the diagnostic efficiency. The discriminative ability for MAFLD in all models was lower in participants with a normal body mass index (BMI).ConclusionsNon‐invasive models, especially the FLI, have satisfactory diagnostic performance in detecting MAFLD. However, models in people with normal BMIs require further development.
Bilateral ovarian vein thrombosis without underlying conditions: A case report
Authors: Takazawa Ippei , Matsubara Daisuke , Takahashi Yoshifumi , Matsubara Shigeki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOvarian vein thrombosis (OVT) usually occurs on the right side in women with underlying conditions such as pelvic diseases and thrombophilia or during the postpartum period. Here, we present a patient with bilateral OVTs without underlying conditions. A 63‐year‐old woman without remarkable past or family histories complained of mild lower abdominal pain. Computed tomography revealed bilateral OVTs, with the right‐sided thrombus nearly progressing into the inferior vena cava. The presence of symptoms and risk of thrombus extension/pulmonary embolism (PE) led us to administer an oral anticoagulant (rivaroxaban) promptly. Her symptom improved gradually and bilateral OVTs disappeared by 3 months without any evidence of PE. The present case suggests that OVT can occur in a woman without underlying conditions, and the use of an anticoagulant may be a treatment option in such a case.
Complete Digital Workflow for Prosthesis Prototype Fabrication with Double Digital Scanning: Accuracy of Fit Assessment
Authors: Papaspyridakos Panos , AlFulaij Fahad , Bokhary Abdullah , Sallustio Anthony , Chochlidakis Konstantinos 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeTo assess the accuracy of a complete digital workflow protocol for fabrication of printed prosthesis prototypes for maxillary immediate loading treatment.Materials and methodsA maxillary stone cast with 4 abutment‐level implant analogs with adequate antero‐posterior spread was fabricated. This stone cast served as a reference cast and a zirconia prosthesis was also fabricated to serve as an interim prosthesis. Double digital scanning was used for digital scans of the reference cast and the interim prosthesis, respectively. An intraoral scanner (TRIOS® 3) was used to capture the standard tessellation language (STL) files. These STL files were then imported to computer‐aided design (CAD) software (Exocad DentalCAD) and superimposed into a final design STL file that was exported to 3 different (Form 3b+, Carbon M2, Sprintray Pro95) three‐dimensional (3D) printers to produce a total of 90 printed prototypes (n = 30 from each 3D printer). Two blinded clinicians assessed the accuracy of fit of each digitally fabricated prosthesis prototype on the reference cast, utilizing the screw‐resistance test and radiographs. The Fisher's exact test was used to test the difference between the groups.ResultsOut of the 90 digitally fabricated prototypes, 86 (95.6%) presented with accurate fit. The accuracy of fit ranged from 87% (26/30) for Sprintray Pro95 to 100% (30/30) for the Form 3b+ and M2 Carbon groups.ConclusionsDigitally fabricated prosthesis prototypes can be generated with a complete digital workflow leading to clinically acceptable fit, while reducing the number of appointments and treatment time. The 3D printer had an effect on the accuracy of prosthesis prototype fit.
Controlled inhalation improves central and peripheral deposition in cystic fibrosis patients with moderate lung disease
Authors: Bourke Crystal , Devadason Sunalene , Ditcham William , Depiazzi Julie , Everard Mark L 
Published: February 2022

AimWith progressive impairment of lung function, deposition of inhaled drug in the lungs becomes progressively more central, limiting its effectiveness. This pilot study explored the possibility that long slow inhalations might improve delivery of aerosol to the lung periphery in cystic fibrosis patients with moderate lung disease.MethodsFive subjects aged 12–18 years (mean FEV1 72%; range 63–80%) inhaled a radiolabelled aerosol from a jet nebuliser on two occasions. Two inhalation techniques were compared: breathing tidally from a standard continuous output nebuliser and using long slow inhalations from the AKITA® JET system.ResultsLong slow breaths resulted in much lower oropharyngeal deposition with higher lung doses. Importantly, the peripheral lung increased proportionately. The increased lung dose is attributable to more of the larger inhaled droplets passing into the lower airways. This would be expected to increase the central deposition unless significantly more of the smaller droplets were able to penetrate deeper into the lungs. The data support improved delivery of drug to the distal lung when compared with tidal breathing.ConclusionThese pilot data suggest that this approach may prove to be clinically relevant in improving the efficacy of inhaled medication in those with moderate‐severe lung disease.
Assessment of Handicapping Labio‐Lingual Deviation index scoring methods and their effect on orthodontic treatment coverage by Medicaid
Authors: Makki Ayas , Elnagar Mohammed H. , Sanchez Flavio , Caplin Jennifer , Viana Grace , Hasan Zahraa , Obrez Ales , Kusnoto Budi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of Handicapping Labio‐Lingual Deviation index (HLDI) scoring methods as calculated by digital models (DM) and visual inspection (VI) and their agreement to either meet or fail to meet the Medicaid coverage threshold. An additional objective was to assess the agreement with Medicaid managed care organizations (MCO) coverage decisions.MethodsThe study included the orthodontic records of 401 patients who applied for Medicaid coverage. Two methods were used to calculate HLDI scores: (1) Measurements derived from DMs using OrthoCAD software; and (2) VI of intraoral photographs. The levels of agreement between the two methods and the Medicaid coverage decision by a MCO were evaluated.ResultsThe study results show a high level of agreement between the two HLDI calculation methods, DM and VI evaluation methods(Cramer's V = 0.812). The agreement on coverage decisions (eligible/not eligible) between VI methods and the official MCO decision was Cramer's V = 0.318. The agreement on coverage decisions between the DM method and the official MCO decision was Cramer's V = 0.318.ConclusionsMCO assessment results of the patients using HLDI showed low agreement with the results obtained by DM and VI scoring methods used in this study. The Illinois Medicaid system is apparently using unknown factors other than the HLDI score when determining when approving or disapproving orthodontic coverage.Practical ImplicationsMCO decisions on eligibility for orthodontic treatment coverage were not consistent with patients' treatment needs.
Clinician perspectives of pregnant women's participation in antiemetic decision‐making: A qualitative study
Authors: Blake Gornall Annette , Hutchinson Alison M. , Redley Bernice 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study explored clinician perceptions of women's participation in decision‐making about antiemetic treatments during pregnancy, and the suitability of the five Choosing Wisely questions to increase women's involvement. The qualitative interpretive descriptive design used semi‐structured interviews to capture data. Participants were six obstetricians and six midwives experienced in providing care for pregnant women seeking support for nausea and vomiting at a single private, obstetrician‐led maternity health service in Australia. Thematic analysis revealed four themes that captured clinician perspectives about women's participation in decision‐making about antiemetic treatments: (i) information gathering; (ii) developing an understanding; (iii) using knowledge; and (iv) making decisions. Clinician attitudes and perspectives, as well as their self‐reported styles of communication and negotiation, influenced how they engaged with women during decision‐making. While unfamiliar with the five Choosing Wisely questions, almost all participants considered them potentially useful, but for other clinicians. Strategies to actively involve women in decision‐making about antiemetics were inconsistently used. The five Choosing Wisely questions may provide a useful tool for clinicians, but further research is needed to better understand women's perspectives and clinician‐related barriers to shared decision‐making.
Modified Medial Collateral Ligament Indentation Technique in Total Knee Arthroplasty with Severe Type II Valgus Deformity
Authors: Li Feng , Wang Cheng , Zhao Min‐wei , Geng Xiao , Li Jun‐yang , Zhou Ge , Sun Dong , Tian Hua 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy of a modified medial collateral ligament indentation technique in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with severe type II valgus deformity.MethodsConsecutive patients with Krackow type II valgus deformity >20° who underwent a primary unilateral TKA between May 2008 and June 2017 were studied retrospectively. A medial collateral ligament indentation technique was performed in 20 patients (MCLI group), and 23 patients received the routine lateral structures release technique (LSR group). Radiological parameters, such as the valgus angle (VA), and functional outcomes including the use of constraint implants, Knee Society Score (KSS), Knee Society Function score (KSF), and thickness of the polyethylene insert were compared between the two groups.ResultsA total of 43 consecutive patients had a minimum 2‐year follow‐up. The preoperative VA was comparable between the MCLI (23.5° ± 5.8°) and LSR groups (21.3° ± 3.2°, P = 0.134), as was the postoperative VA (1.1° ± 2.1° and 2.5° ± 3.0°, respectively, P = 0.084). The mean KSS and KSF scores in the MCLI group were 30.2 ± 4.8 and 38.8 ± 4.8, respectively, before surgery, and they increased to 91.3 ± 2.6 and 86.5 ± 2.4 at the last follow‐up. The scores in the LSR group were 31.5 ± 7.5 and 36.5 ± 7.8 before surgery and 92.4 ± 3.5 and 88.5 ± 3.6 at the last follow‐up. While no statistically significant differences in pre‐ or postoperative functional scores were found between the two groups, the MCLI group had thinner polyethylene inserts (9.5 ± 1.1 mm vs 12.9 ± 1.5 mm) and less use of constrained condylar inserts (15% vs 69.6%). During follow‐up, the MCLI group had fewer complications.ConclusionA modified MCLI technique can achieve good outcomes in TKA with type II valgus deformity of >20°. It can maintain a normal joint line level, reduce the use of constrained condylar knee prostheses, and is a reliable choice for severe genu valgum.
Willingness to Have Total Knee Arthroplasty in Rural Areas of Northern China
Authors: Li Zhichang , Long Huibin , Liu Qiang , Lin Jianhao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate willingness and its potential predictors to have total knee arthroplasty (TKA) among residents in rural areas of northern China.MethodsData were collected from two population‐based studies on osteoarthritis (OA) in northern China. Residents aged ≥ 50 years in randomly selected rural communities were recruited using a cluster survey method. Participants completed a home interview (including social‐demographic characteristics, clinical information, 12‐Item Short Form Health Surveys [SF‐12], and Visual Analog Scale [VAS] of knee pain), a physical examination, and bilateral weight‐bearing posteroanterior semi‐flexed view of radiographs of knees. Willingness to have TKA was queried by asking: “If you need to undergo total knee arthroplasty as judged by orthopaedic surgeons, are you willing to accept this operation?” Two trained investigators read all radiographs independently and reached an acceptable intra‐reader agreement. We fitted univariate and multivariate regressions adjusting for potential confounders to examine predictors of willingness to have TKA stratified by sex.ResultsA total of 2172 participants were included. The overall rate of willingness to have TKA was 33.8%. Men were more likely to be willing to have TKA than women with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.73 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60–0.89, P = 0.002). A higher household income (OR: 2.34 for men and 1.77 for women, both P < 0.001), higher SF‐12 Physical Component Summary (PCS) score (OR: 1.02 for both gender, P = 0.04 for men and P = 0.01 for women), and being aware of TKA (OR: 2.55 for men and 2.65 for women, both P < 0.001) were associated with a higher willingness to have TKA. Other predictors of higher willingness to have TKA were younger age (OR: 0.66 for 60–70 years, P = 0.01; and 0.48 for >70 years, P = 0.003, respectively) and lower level of physical activity (OR: 0.57 for moderate, p = 0.04; and 0.62 for heavy, p = 0.04, respectively) among men and a higher education (OR: 1.45 for Junior school, P = 0.04; and 1.66 for high school and above, P = 0.02, respectively) and being overweight among women (OR: 1.38, P = 0.008), respectively. No significant difference was observed between willingness to have TKA and frequent knee pain, VAS of knee pain and Kellgren and Lawrence grades in both men and women.ConclusionsThe willingness to have TKA among rural residents of northern China was relatively low. Younger age, women, educational level, household income, physical function, and awareness of TKA were positively associated with willingness to have TKA.