bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI PRINSIP-PRINSIP MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM HOMESCHOOLING DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Ismiani Sri 
Published: January 2022

Dilema para pendidik dan peserta didik saat munculnya pandemi COVID-19, antara sekolah atau diliburkan sampai waktu yang tidak bisa ditentukan. Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan menetapkan peraturan untuk melakukan proses belajar mengajar secara daring agar proses pembelajaran tetap berlangsung. Proses belajar secara daring tak selamanya bisa menjadi solusi terbaik di masa pandemi, karena banyak siswa yang memiliki keterbatasan jaringan internet untuk melakukan proses belajar. Homeschooling merupakan salah satu alternatif agar siswa tetap bisa belajar di tengah pandemi. Homeschooling tunggal merupakan salah satu pendidikan non formal yang dilaksanakan oleh orang tua dalam satu keluarga tanpa bergabung dengan lainnya dengan mendatangkan guru ke rumah disaat masa pandemi ini. Dalam keberlanjutan homeschooling dibutuhkan manajemen pendidika yang tepat agar proses pembelajaran berjalan dengan baik. Manajemen pendidikan merupakan implementasi prinsip-prinsip manajemen dalam ranah pendidikan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas implementasi prinsip-prinsip manajemen pendidikan islam dalam homeschooling di tengah pnsemi COVID-19.
Nhận xét các phương pháp điều trị chửa ngoài tử cung tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản Hà Nội, quý IV, năm 2017
Authors: Ánh Nguyễn Duy 
Published: January 2022

Mục tiêu: Nhận xét các phương pháp điều trị chửa ngoài tử cung tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản Hà Nội trong thời gian ba tháng cuối năm 2017. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu, mô tả cắt ngang các trường hợp chẩn đoán chửa ngoài tử cung điều trị tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản Hà Nội ở quý IV, năm 2017. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ điều trị bằng phương pháp phẫu thuật là 76,44%: Phẫu thuật nội soi phổ biến hơn phẫu thuật mở bụng (74,87% so với 1,57%); điều trị nội khoa chiếm 23,56%. Tỷ lệ bảo tồn vòi tử cung là 4,11%. Thời gian nằm viện của các phương pháp điều trị tương ứng là: Phẫu thuật nội soi (3,7 ngày), phẫu thuật mở bụng (7,5 ngày); điều trị nội khoa (10,7 ngày). Tỷ lệ thất bại và tai biến của các phương pháp là: Phẫu thuật nội soi (0,52%); điều trị nội khoa (4,19%); mất máu nặng trong mổ do chảy máu (2,09%). Kết luận: Phẫu thuật nội soi là phương pháp điều trị chửa ngoài tử cung chủ yếu tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản Hà Nội năm 2017 (chiếm 74,87%). Phẫu thuật mở bụng chỉ được sử dụng khi không có chỉ định phẫu thuật nội soi (chiếm 1,57%). Điều trị nội khoa chửa ngoài tử cung bằng methotrexate là phương pháp được sử dụng khi có đủ điều kiện, phương pháp này được chỉ định ở 23,56% bệnh nhân và có tỷ lệ thành công là 82,22%.
«Новый город» на страницах периодической печати США (по материалам Магнитогорска 1930-х гг.)
Authors: Макарова Надежда Николаевна , Трофимов Андрей Евгеньевич 
Published: January 2022

Советский проект в самом широком смысле понятия привлекал внимание как в момент его реализации, так и выступает предметом пристального внимания современных исследователей. В период форсированной индустриализации Магнитогорск – город, строительство которого началось в степях Южного Урала, – представлял собой образец «нового города», созданного на новом «пустом» месте, город, лишенный истории и прошлого, город, где возможно построить новое общество. Именно так советская пропаганда преподносила образ Магнитогорска как в пределах Советского Союза, так и за рубежом. Журнал «СССР на стройке» экспортировал пропагандистские идеи и образ «нового города» в капиталистический мир. В данной статье авторы на основе комплекса разнообразных исторических источников (делопроизводственные документы, источники личного происхождения и периодическая печать), в русле комплексного подхода и метода «плотного описания» анализируют проблему отражения истории создания Магнитогорска в периодической печати США. Основным историческим источником в данной работе выступили американские газеты «The Atlanta Constitution», «The Patterson morning call», «The modern view», «Nashville Banner», «Daily Free-Lance», «Reno gazette-journal», «Public opinion», «The Yonkers Herald», «The Cincinnati Enquirer», «News-Journal», The Decatur daily review», «California Eagle», «The Terrill Record», «The American Guardian», «The Times Dispatch», «Star-Phoenix», «The evening news», «The Kansas City Times», «The Wisconsin Jewish Chronicle», «Santa Rosa Republican». Ключевой вывод авторов состоит в том, что образ Магнитогорска в периодике США не был однородным и во многом зависел от идеологической направленности самого издания. Однако спектр проблем, который нашел отражение в периодической печати, был разнообразным и включал как вопросы социально-бытового обслуживания первостроителей, так и проблематику инженерных решений при реализации строительства металлургического предприятия.
“The Ancient Rites of China”: Yan Mo on Ancestral Rites during the Chinese Rites Controversy
Authors: Wang Xueying 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
One of the key issues during the Chinese Rites Controversy was Chinese ancestral rites. Deeming ancestral rites idolatrous, mendicant missionaries advocated banning them; the Jesuits accommodated ancestral rites under certain conditions. The defense provided by the Jesuits focused on the ancestral rites being civil and political, and therefore not idolatrous. This article examines the views of Yan Mo 嚴謨 a lower-level Confucian Catholic literatus. Yan’s defense of the ancestral rites differs from the Jesuits in that Yan focused on the intrinsic value of ancestral rites as cultural practices, which he called “ancient rites of China.” Yan consulted Confucian canons and pointed out that performing the ancestral rites is an act of filial piety that, in the context of Chinese culture, is so embedded in the Chinese culture that the rites cannot be substituted by Christian practices such as praying the rosary or giving alms.
Global Megachurch Studies: The State, Evolution, and Maturation of a Field
Authors: Bauman Chad M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOver the past decade, the field of megachurch studies has matured and become global in its scope and orientation. The number of texts produced on megachurches since 2010 is nearly triple the number produced before that date, and many of the newest texts decenter North America. Megachurch studies today, therefore, is a properly international and cosmopolitan field. The article has four interrelated aims: (1) to provide a thorough overview of major themes and work in megachurch studies, with special emphasis on works emerging in the last decade; (2) to update two excellent state-of-the-field reviews by Stephen Ellingson (in 2008 and 2010); (3) to make visible the now thoroughly global nature of the field by attending fully to its international focus, something done only briefly and tentatively in Ellingson’s reviews; and (4) to develop (in the ample footnotes) something of thorough bibliography of key texts in the field of megachurch studies.
Equality Lost: John Locke and the United States 1986 Tax Reform
Authors: Feldmann John D. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This essay traces the displacement of the equality ideal and progressive taxation from the US tax code in the 1980s. After a brief background on the origin of the equality ideal and the current vast income and wealth disparities, the article examines the political process and philosophical premises of the 1986 tax reform. It shows how “supply side” tax arguments made their way into and ultimately prevailed in Congressional deliberations, a success resting in part on Robert Nozick's misinterpretations of John Locke's entitlement and taxation theories. The article then counters the Nozickian interpretation with biographical and textual evidence of Locke's egalitarian commitments.
Competing Accountability Frameworks and the Role of Interdisciplinary Practice for Publicly Funded Scientists and Scientists within Government
Authors: Stuteville Rebekkah 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Publicly funded scientists and scientists within government juggle an array of accountability arrangements. They answer to peers, government officials, and society. This paper examines the types of accountability experienced by these scientists in the United States. It recounts the historical events that prompted various forms of accountability and it explores common themes in the debates surrounding scientific accountability. Finally, the paper suggests that interdisciplinarity has emerged as a possible solution to the problem of scientists accounting for their actions to laypeople.
A Cross-sectional Study of Prevalence of Diabetes among Patients with Hepatitis C
Authors: Mahmood Nasir , Tahir Huma , Yousaf Shazia , Anjum Jahangir , Ali Amjad , Nadeem Khurram 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Study design: Descriptive cross-sectional Study setting: Department of Medicine, Aziz Fatimah Medical and Dental College, Faisalabad and Mohtrama Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College / Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital, Mirpur Azad Kashmir. Study duration: Six months from April 2021 to September 2021. Methods: Study participants were recruited from the outpatient department at Aziz Fatimah Medical and Dental College, Faisalabad and Mohtrama Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College / Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital, Mirpur Azad Kashmir for duration of six months from April 2021 to September 2021. All demographic, medical and laboratory information were collected. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests of independence were used to analyse the data. Results: Out of 300 hepatitis C patients (53% males, 47% females), overall, 26% (77 out of 300) were found to have diabetes. When characteristics of patients with and without diabetes disease were compared using χ2 tests, we could not find any statistically significant relation of gender, BMI, hepatitis C disease duration, family history of diabetes and Child-Pugh classification of liver disease with prevalence of diabetes. Younger, middle-aged (30-50 years) patients had significantly higher prevalence of diabetes compared to older (51-70 years) aged patients (28% vs. 13%, p = 0.022). Conclusion: 1 in 4 hepatitis C patients also manifest co-morbidity of diabetes. Having a younger or middle age (≤ 50 years) appears to contribute to diabetes prevalence in hepatitis C patients, however, the study sample comprises around 4 in 5 patients aged 30-50 years. Glucose intolerance and diabetes risk assessment, and early non-pharmaceutical management (probably uptake of healthy eating and physically active behaviour) among hepatitis C patients is warranted if complications are to be prevented. Key Words: Hepatitis C, diabetes, Child-Pugh class Key Points •	Question: What is the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in patients with chronic hepatitis C in Faisalabad setting? •	Findings: In this one-centre study that included 300 patients with ELISA and PCR confirmed hepatitis C disease presented in the OPD of Aziz Fatimah Medical and Dental College, Faisalabad and Mohtrama Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College / Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital, Mirpur Azad Kashmir, nearly 26% of patients had type 2 diabetes. Among those patients with chronic hepatitis C disease, having type 2 diabetes was associated with much greater odds of having under 50 years age. Meaning: Patients with chronic hepatitis C warrant glucose intolerance risk assessment and monitoring for progression of pre-diabetes/ diabetes, liver disease and the consequences of both.
SITUATION OF CORONAVIRUS IN PAKISTAN REGARDING DIAGNOSIS, LAB FACILITIES, MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS, ISOLATION WARDS IN HOSPITALS AND ITS COMPARISON WITH WORLD
Authors: Khan Irfan Ali , Rizwan Ahmad , Arif Sarah , Khan Sikandar Ali , Shah Summeira Jabeen , Ali Karishama , Zeb Zarghuna , Afridi Pashmina , Aslam Azhar , Ullah Irfan 
Published: January 2022

Towards the end of 2019 a novel virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for acute respiratory syndrome emerged from the city of Wuhan, China globally. World Health Organization declared in March 2020 that the SARS-Cov-2 virus is a global pandemic issue. Corona virus spread from an infected person to others through droplets released during coughing and sneezing and through zoonotic sources, which are still under investigation. The government of Pakistan has announced the Nation Action Plan (NAP) to combat the corona virus pandemic. Implementation of preventive measures in hospitals to minimize the spread of disease. Corona virus needs biosafety level II conditions and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) which is accountable as the valuable diagnostic tool and the various lab assays for SARS-CoV-2 confirmation are required. Moreover, basic preventive measurements including hand washing, use of face masks, keeping the social distance from suspected patients, and avoiding unnecessary traveling to overcrowded areas, and quarantine of 14 days for infected persons. The disinfectants used are Sodium hypochlorite solution (bleach) and ethanol and proper discarding protocols for the contaminated materials. People with obvious symptoms of COVID-19 couldn’t be tested. The security of these centers is also not strictly managed. People continued to escape from there and wander in local areas and markets and put the lives of healthy people in danger. The developing countries including Pakistan are at high risk. Personal and community-based strategy and public awareness are required to face any serious consequences in Pakistan from this pandemic disaster. In this review particularly we are focusing on the corona virus diagnosis, hospital management, and its comparison with the developed countries.
AN EXPLORATORY RESEARCH TO UNDERMINE THE KNOWLEDGE RELATED ATTRIBUTES OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME AMONG ADULT FEMALES
Authors: Aslam Maria , Batool Maham , Tahir Mishal , Asmat Amina , Naeem Simra , Tul Wusqa Urwa , Haneef Yusra , Sabir Urva 
Published: January 2022

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a worldwide common syndrome of reproductive women described as reproductive, endocrine and metabolic abnormalities. PCOS is affecting 5-15% women all around the world. PCOS is defined as multifactorial pathology, determined by the association of many factors such as genetic, endocrine and environmental. Prevalence rate of PCOS in Pakistan is more than 50% and it is increasing day by day in young females. The objective of study is to access the females who are at risk of PCOS and relationship between PCOS and infertility in young females. The method of study was cross-sectional, done among female students of university. The respondents were asked about some physical signs and symptoms such as, oily skin, gain weight, darkened skin around their neck, excessive hair growth, and acne. In the end of the research, it is concluded that 20 percent of females out 100 have PCO’s and are unaware of their symptoms. 48% respondents said they do not have PCOS but the symptoms that they answered according to the questionnaire shows that they have PCOS. The respondents were asked about their periods regularity. 53.9% respondents have irregular periods 33.3% shows they have regular period 3.9% says that some time they have irregular periods and 6.9% says they never faced any irregularity in their periods. Results showed that 45% participants faced weight gain while the 15% does not know that they have gain any weight or not. Cravings percentage in PCOS patients increases from normal patients so the results shows that 39.2% participants have increase in cravings and 28.4% participants show they have no cravings and 30.4% don’t know about their cravings. The study concluded that adolescent girls were unaware of PCOS symptoms and their diet normally constitutes of junk food and beverages that effect their menstrual cycles.
Juglans Regia (Walnut Tree) Bark in Dentistry
Authors: Khattak Palwasha , Khalil Talha Falak , Bibi Sabra , Jabeen Humaira , Muhammad Nawshad , Khan Muhammad Adnan , Liaqat Saad 
Published: January 2022

Juglans regia, commonly known as the Walnut tree, is a type of a deciduous tree. The tree has many important parts, the seed, bark, husk, leaves, oil, shell of the fruit and the kernel. The plant has been used in its crude form since ages. The kernel holds nutritional value. The leaves contain an essential oil which is extracted and used. The husk contains steroids and vitamins amongst other useful compounds. The leaves are used topically as antipyretic, analgesic, antidandruff and to heal burns. The bark is tough and has been used for mechanical tooth cleaning due to its tough fibrous texture. It contains Juglone as its main and most important constituent. Juglone works as an anti-viral, anti-parasitic, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancerous agent. In dentistry it poses as an effective anti-plaque, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-cariogenic and tooth whitening material. It was concluded that in recent years, scientists and researchers have shown increasing interest towards the in depth understanding of the chemicals and compounds of the bark and its utilization in dental products towards improving dental treatment. The author would like to thank ORIC, Khyber Medical University for assistance in publication Reference No: KMU/ORIC/AR/005.
EMERGENCE OF FAD DIETS AND OBESITY RELATED PERCEPTIONS AND PRACTICES AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Aslam Maria , Tariq Anosha , Naveed Javaria , Farwa Syeda Ume , Zainab Yumna , Abbas Wajeeha , Babar Sibgha , Ali Masooma 
Published: January 2022

The prevalence of obesity is increasing day by day and is becoming a serious issue worldwide. Obesity leads to different chronic diseases such as diabetes, CVD, hypertension etc. In attempts to lose weight faster people try different diets and Fad diets are a part of these diets. Keto genic diet, Atkins diet, vegan diet, liquid diet are some examples of these diets. Objective: To assess the emergence of fad diets and obesity related perceptions and practices among university students. Methods: A cross sectional study design with a sample size of 100 students were randomly selected from 4 different universities; University of Lahore, LUMS, Forman Christian College and Superior University. Data was collected from the participants through a questionnaire. Results: Questions regarding knowledge and perceptions about obesity and fad diets were asked to which majority of the participants answered that they knew about BMI and it being a major indicator of obesity (73%). When they were asked about knowledge of obesity related to diet and sleep 88% agreed to it being interlinked while 19% disagreed. Upon asking what the respondents thought was the main cause of weight gain 14% replied junk food, 22% replied to lack of exercise, 27% said unhealthy eating practices but majority 35% outlined lack of exercise combined with unhealthy eating practices as the foremost cause of increasing rates of obesity. When asked if the participants followed any fad diets they answered with different diets; 12 respondents followed Atkins, 20 followed keto, 7 followed vegans, 4 followed liquid diet, and 32 followed other fad diets while 32 participants didn’t follow any fad diet. The correlation between fad diets and their effectiveness was determined and the results showed a significant correlation (p<0.05). Most of the participants were females (57 females and 43 males) and through the present study it was evaluated that mostly females followed such fad diets as compared to males. Conclusion: Fad diets have been in trend from a long time and people mainly follow it to lose weight quickly and to get into a certain body shape. However, restricting specific food groups leads to drawback that cause health issues. Following a fad diet is short-term solution to obesity that can be reversed easily by slipping back into old eating patterns. The long-term solution to obesity is to eat a healthy balanced diet and to be physically active.
On Recent Nationalisms in Translation Studies
Authors: Pym Anthony 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT: If the intercultural were ever neatly opposed to the national as a frame for translational action and thought, then it would seem to be losing. Nationalist frames have gained new-found energy in various forms: translation is seen a weapon because nation-states support and manipulate it (Sapiro), the ethical aim of translation is to advance one’s national interests and priorities (Ren and Gao), and each country’s “translation capacity” can be quantified and ranked on a league table of competing nations (BFSU). Translators thus become foot-soldiers in battles to gain prestige on the world stage. Such manifestations of nationalism appear to run counter to the causes of intercultural positions and the ethics of cooperative communication between unequal parties. The need for translation nevertheless now lies more urgently in the culturally and linguistically diverse communities within and across national borders, where successful social inclusion is inseparable from the use of translation not as a weapon, but as a means of cooperation.
논문초록: 번역행위 및 사고의 프레임으로서의 상호문화주의가 민족주의와 대척점에 있는 개념이라면, 지금 상호문화주의는 민족주의에 기세가 밀리고 있는 것으로 보일 것이다. 민족주의 프레임은 다양한 형태로 새로운 동력을 얻고 있으며, 번역은 그 무기로 인식된다. 민족국가에서 번역을 지원하고 조작(Sapiro)하고 있고, 국가의 이익과 우선순위를 증진하는 것이 번역의 윤리적 목적(Ren and Gao)이며, 서로 경쟁하는 국가들의 리그 순위표 상에서 각국의 ‘번역능력(translation capacity)’을 계량화·순위화(BFSU)할 수 있기 때문이다. 이에 따라 번역사는 세계 무대에서 명성을 얻기 위한 전투에서 보병 역할을 하게 되었다. 이러한 민족주의의 발현은 상호문화주의적 입장의 대의, 그리고 불평등한 세력 사이의 협력적 소통의 윤리에 배치되는 것으로 보인다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 오늘날 각국의 국경 안팎에 자리한 문화적·언어적으로 다양한 공동체에서 번역의 필요성은 더욱 시급해지고 있다. 이들 공동체에서 사회적 포용의 성공 여부는 번역의 활용과 불가분의 관계를 가지며, 이때 번역은 무기가 아닌 협력의 수단으로 기능한다.
Informed Consent
Authors: Tiselius Elisabet 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT: This article discusses the concept of informed consent in interpreting studies. Informed consent implies that a person must be given enough information to be able to consent to participate voluntarily in a research project. The article first gives an overview and background of the origins of informed consent, and its place in ethical research. The article then points to different areas where informed consent in interpreting studies may be delicate, and what to think about in order to obtain truly informed consent; examples are given from different research studies. The article also discusses the research participants’ right to their data and what happens when informed consent is revoked. I argue in the article that research students should be taught and trained in truly informed consent, and that the informed consent process should be piloted before the initiation of a study.
SAMMANFATTNING: I artikeln diskuteras informerat samtycke i tolkstudier. Informerat samtycke innebär att en person som rekryteras som deltagare i en forskningsstudie måste ges tillräckligt med information för att ha möjlighet att samtycka till att frivilligt delta i ett forskningsprojekt. Artikeln ger först en översikt av och bakgrund till informerat samtycke, dess ursprunget och dess plats i etisk forskning. Artikeln pekar sedan på olika områden där informerat samtycke i tolkstudier kan vara känsligt, och vad forskaren bör tänka på för att erhålla verkligt informerat samtycke, exempel ges också från andra forskningsstudier. Artikeln diskuterar vidare forskningsdeltagarnas rätt till sina data och vad som händer när ett informerat samtycke återkallas. Jag argumenterar för att forskningsstudenter ska undervisas i och öva på verkligt informerat samtycke, att informerat samtycke ska ses som en process samt att processen för att inhämta informerat samtycke ska göras som pilot innan en studie påbörjas.