bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measures to improve patient needs assessments and reduce practice variation in Dutch home care organizations
Authors: Schwenke Marit , van Dorst José , Zwakhalen Sandra , de Jong Judith D. , Brabers Anne E. M. , Bleijenberg Nienke 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimWorldwide, long‐term care tends to shift from institutional care towards home care. In order to deliver high‐quality and adequate care, the type, amount and cost of care is determined by a patient needs assessment. However, there are indications that this patient needs assessment varies between comparable patients. In the Netherlands, some home care organizations aim to improve patient needs assessments by implementing improvement measures to reduce this practice variation. The goal of this study was to explore the type and perceived impact of those implemented improvement measures.DesignA cross‐sectional explorative survey study was conducted among Dutch home care organizations between January and April 2021.MethodsAn online questionnaire with 26 items was developed by the research team, which was distributed through Dutch nationwide home care sector organizations, the Dutch nurses' association (V&VN) and the Dutch society for home care nursing (NWG).ResultsThe survey was completed by 184 respondents, including home care nurses, managers and staff who are responsible for training, policy and quality of care. Intervision and peer review for home care nurses were the most common reported improvement measures that were implemented in home care organizations. The experiences of those improvement measures have been perceived as creating greater uniformity in the patient needs assessment, making home care nurses feel more supported and secure performing their patient needs assessment and that the provided care is more in line with patients' demand. Our findings give insights into type and perceived impact of improvement measures that Dutch home care organizations implemented. Further research is needed to find out whether improvement measures actually improve patient needs assessments and reduce practice variation.
Transgenerational associations of parental famine exposure in early life with offspring risk of adult obesity in China
Authors: Yao Wei‐Yuan , Li Leah , Jiang Hui‐Ru , Yu Yong‐Fu , Xu Wang‐Hong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the transgenerational associations between exposure to famine in early life and obesity.MethodsThis study used the longitudinal data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1989 to 2015. A total of 1113 fathers and 1207 mothers (946 mother–father pairs) born in 1955 to 1966 and 1895 adult offspring were included. Offspring were classified into subgroups according to the famine exposure of their parents (unexposed, maternal exposed, paternal exposed, parental exposed) and exposure timing (during fetal development, childhood).ResultsMaternal exposure to famine in early life was associated with elevated levels of BMI, waist circumference, overweight, and central obesity of their children, whereas paternal exposure was inversely associated with these measurements. Compared with children of unexposed parents (P0M0), the maternal exposed group (P0M1) had higher mean BMI, by 1.3 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.3 to 2.4); waist circumference, by 1.5 cm (−1.0 to 3.9); overweight (odds ratio [OR] [95% CI]: 3.1 [1.6 to 6.1]); and central obesity (OR [95% CI]: 1.9 [1.02 to 3.7]). No significant heterogeneity was observed in the associations by sex of offspring.ConclusionsFetal and early childhood exposure to famine in parents may be associated with their children's risk of obesity during adulthood. A better understanding of the transgenerational associations is important for developing strategies to reduce obesity risk in future generations.
Reduced muscle strength (dynapenia) in women with obesity confers a greater risk of falls and fractures in the UK Biobank
Authors: Dowling Lisa , Cuthbertson Daniel J. , Walsh Jennifer S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the independent effects of obesity and dynapenia on falls risk, areal bone mineral density, and fracture risk (lower extremity or all other fractures).MethodsA total of 16,147 women (aged 60‐82 years) from the UK Biobank were categorized by handgrip strength (HGS; dynapenia status: HGS ≤ 21 kg) and body weight (BMI: normal weight, overweight, or obesity). Multiple logistic regression models examined the association among dynapenia and obesity and self‐reported falls (previous 12 months), lower extremity fractures, and all other fractures (previous 5 years).ResultsA total of 3793/16,147 women fell, and 1413/15,570 (9.1%) eligible women experienced fall‐related fractures. Obesity (odds ratio [OR] 1.25; 95% CI: 1.12‐1.38) and dynapenia (OR 0.87; 95% CI: 0.77‐0.98) were both independently associated with greater lower extremity fracture risk, independently of areal bone mineral density. However, considering all other fracture sites, obesity conferred protection (OR 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61‐0.96), except in those with low HGS, who had an equivalent fracture risk to those with normal weight (OR 1.06; 95% CI: 0.82‐1.38).ConclusionsDynapenia further increases the increased risk of leg and ankle fractures in obesity and counteracts the protective effects of obesity on fracture risk at all other sites (wrist, arm, hip, spine, other bones).
Unveiling the Price of Obscenity: Evidence From Closing Prostitution Windows in Amsterdam
Authors: Giambona Erasmo , Ribas Rafael P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDoes legitimating sinful activities have a cost? This paper examines the relationship between housing demand and overt prostitution in Amsterdam. In our empirical design, we exploit the spatial discontinuity in the location of brothel windows created by canals, combined with a policy that forcibly closed some of the windows near these canals. To pin down their effect on housing prices, we apply a difference‐in‐discontinuity (DiD) estimator, which controls for the precise location of brothel windows and the effect of other policies and local developments. Our results show that the housing prices are discontinuous at the bordering canals, and this discontinuity nearly disappears after closures. The discontinuity is also found to decrease with the distance to brothels, disappearing after 300 yards. Our estimates indicate that homes right next to sex workers were 30 percent cheaper before the closures. This result seems unrelated to the presence of other businesses, such as bars and cannabis shops. Instead, the price discount is partly explained by petty crimes. However, 73 percent of the effect remains unexplained after controlling for many forms of crime and risk perception. Our findings suggest that households tend to be against the visible presence of sex workers and related nuisances, reaffirming their marginalization.
The effectiveness of psychoeducation in improving attitudes towards psychological disorders and internalized stigma in the family members of bipolar patients: A quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Latifian Maryam , Raheb Ghoncheh , Abdi Kianoush , Alikhani Rosa , Shariful Islam Sheikh Mohammed 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFamily members of bipolar patients experience stigma following being labeled by others, which can disrupt their routine lives and result in social isolation. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of psychoeducation in improving the attitudes of bipolar patients' family members towards psychological disorders and internalized stigma. The present study is a quasi‐experimental study with a pre‐ and post‐test follow‐up design, in which 74 individuals were selected by convenience sampling among families who had a member with a bipolar disorder who was referred to the largest psychiatric hospital in Iran in 2021. The participants were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups (n = 37 per group). The members of the experimental group then underwent eight 90‐min sessions of psychoeducation. The control group also received psychoeducation at the end of the study. The results of analysis of covariance showed that psychoeducation reduced internalized stigma in the family members of bipolar patients and increased their positive attitudes towards psychological disorders compared with the control group (p < .01). On this basis, psychoeducation can be useful to reduce the internalized stigma of family members of bipolar patients and to increase their positive attitudes towards psychological disorders.
Enhanced performance of a bio‐based diluent with both vinyl and epoxide groups for unsaturated polyester resin applications
Authors: ShangGuan Jianan , Zheng Yanglei , Jiang Junyi , Li Yong , Sun Haoran , Xiang Shuangfei , Zhao Shujun , Fu Feiya , Liu Xiangdong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStyrene has been widely used as a reactive diluent for a variety of commercial unsaturated polyester resins (UPRs), but suffered from high volatility. In this work, we developed a bio‐based reactive diluent, 4‐vinylguaiacol glycidyl ether (DE4VG), via an epoxidation of 4‐vinylguaiacol (4VG). Excellent miscibility and high reactivity of DE4VG were demonstrated by a series of copolymerization tests with an unsaturated polyester prepolymer (named PMSD) synthesized from maleic anhydride, 1,3‐dihydroxypropane and succinic acid. While, significant advantages in terms of viscosity and volatility were confirmed. Additionally, DE4VG provides both vinyl and epoxide groups and the epoxide groups were cured using 4,4‐diamino diphenylmethane (DDM) to participate the network formation of the cured PMSD/DE4VG/TBPB/DDM resin, resulting in high glass transition temperature (Tg, 195°C), residual carbon (45.5%), tensile strength (41.75 MPa), and the elongation at break (4.5%), which were all significantly surpassed the cured PMSD/St/TBPB, PMSD/St/TBPB/DDM, PMSD/DE4VG/TBPB resin. This work provided a successful demonstration to replace styrene with a bio‐based reactive diluent in UPR preparation, not only overcame the high volatility of styrene, but also enhanced material performances of the cured resin.
A group acceptance sampling plan for ‘Another Generalized Transmuted‐Exponential Distribution’ based on truncated lifetimes
Authors: Fayomi Aisha , Khan Khushnoor 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe present paper focuses on the group acceptance sampling plan when the characteristic of interest follows Another Generalized Transmuted‐Exponential distribution. The probability of acceptance is calculated using mean life as a quality parameter for obtaining design parameters such as sample size ‘n’ and acceptance number ‘c’. The values of the operating characteristic function are determined for different quality levels. The plan satisfies both the producer's and consumer's risks at specified quality levels. Relevant r codes using Monte Carlo simulation are appended for use by academia and practitioners. The simulated results of the study are exhibited in the form of tables and explained with relevant examples. Results of the proposed plan are compared with the results generated using maximum likelihood estimates of Another Generalized Transmuted‐Exponential distribution. Easy to follow methodology of the current paper will open new vistas for applying the technique of group acceptance sampling plan to a variety of transmuted probability distributions. For illustration purposes, real data set is also analyzed to show the implementation of the proposed sampling plan.
Behavior of HF and (HF)2 inside a fullerene cage: An in silico study using different density functionals
Authors: Poddar Arpita , Ramachandran C. N. , Chattaraj Pratim Kumar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn in silico study on the properties of HF and its dimer inside C60 using density functional theory (DFT) based approaches is presented. For this purpose, 10 different DFT functionals following Jacob's Ladder have been chosen. The geometrical parameters such as bond length and bond angle, of the molecules and their dipole moment have been computed. Two types of orientations, namely, L‐shaped and anti‐parallel of (HF)2 inside C60 are considered, the latter with an extremely short hydrogen bond. HF bond lengths are elongated upon encapsulation in comparison to its free state analogue. The calculated value of stabilization energy of HF@C60 is found to be functional dependent, whereas, (HF)2@C60 is thermodynamically unstable for all the functionals. The kinetic stability of (HF)2@C60 is assessed using the atom‐centered density matrix propagation (ADMP) simulation at 300 K temperature. The red shift in HF stretching frequencies is noticed in all cases. Non‐covalent index (NCI) analysis revealed non‐covalent interactions between HF dimer and the C60 cage. Energy decomposition analysis (EDA) showed a high value for the repulsive ΔEpauli which makes the (HF)2@C60 system unstable except for the functional BP86‐D3 of GGA family. Furthermore, the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analysis is performed and it confirmed the presence of (3, −1) bond critical point along the hydrogen bond region of the L‐shaped (HF)2@C60.
High‐Performance Biodegradable Energy Storage Devices Enabled by Heterostructured MoO3–MoS2 Composites
Authors: Shao Mingjiao , Sheng Hongwei , Lin Liqi , Ma Hongyun , Wang Qi , Yuan Jiao , Zhang Xuetao , Chen Gang , Li Wenquan , Su Qing , Xie Erqing , Wang Jing , Zhang Zhibin , Lan Wei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBiodegradable implantable devices are of growing interest in biosensors and bioelectronics. One of the key unresolved challenges is the availability of power supply. To enable biodegradable energy‐storage devices, herein, 2D heterostructured MoO3–MoS2 nanosheet arrays are synthesized on water‐soluble Mo foil, showing a high areal capacitance of 164.38 mF cm−2 (at 0.5 mA cm−2). Employing the MoO3–MoS2 composite as electrodes of a symmetric supercapacitor, an asymmetric Zn‐ion hybrid supercapacitor, and an Mg primary battery are demonstrated. Benefiting from the advantages of MoO3–MoS2 heterostructure, the Zn‐ion hybrid supercapacitors deliver a high areal capacitance (181.86 mF cm−2 at 0.5 mA cm−2) and energy density (30.56 µWh cm−2), and the Mg primary batteries provide a stable high output voltage (≈1.6 V) and a long working life in air/liquid environment. All of the used materials exhibit desirable biocompatibility, and these fabricated devices are also fully biodegradable. Demonstration experiments display their potential applications as biodegradable power sources for various electronic devices.
The Role of Surface Groups in Dictating the Chiral‐Solvent‐Induced Assembly of Carbon Dots into Structures Exhibiting Circularly Polarized Luminescence
Authors: Basu Srestha , Amdursky Nadav 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHere, the use of achiral nanoparticles and solvent‐induced chirality transfer is combined for the making of large structures exhibiting chiroptical properties in the form of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). The nanoparticles that the authors use are carbon dots (C‐Dots) that are known for their bright luminescence and the ability to tune their surface moieties by using different precursors in their synthesis. Here, the result of adding the chiral solvent limonene into an aqueous solution of various C‐Dots is explored, differentiated by their surface group. It is shown that only nitrogen‐containing C‐Dots with amine functional groups see the emergence of a CPL signal and the formation of a large fibrillar assembled structure. The various forces happening in the interface between the C‐Dots and the limonene phase and the role of the amine groups in both the chirality transfer interactions and the interactions between C‐Dots in the assembly process are discussed, whereas these two processes intertwine with each other. The ability to form fluorescent chiral structures exhibiting CPL from achiral nanoparticles and the understanding of the various interactions in this process are both important to the rationale design of any supramolecular chiral assemblies.
Multispectral and Circular Polarization‐Sensitive Carbon Dot‐Polydiacetylene Capacitive Photodetector
Authors: Shauloff Nitzan , Bisht Rajesh , Turkulets Yury , Manikandan Rajendran , Morag Ahiud , Lehrer Avi , Baraban Joshua H. , Shalish Ilan , Jelinek Raz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMultispectral photodetectors (MSPs) and circularly polarized light (CPL) sensors are important in opto‐electronics, photonics, and imaging. A capacitive photodetector consisting of an interdigitated electrode coated with carbon dot/anthraquinone‐polydiacetylene is constructed. Photoexcitation of the carbon dots induces transient electron transfer to the anthraquinone moieties, and concomitant change in the film dielectric constant and recorded capacitance. This unique photodetection mechanism furnishes wavelength selectivity that is solely determined by the absorbance of the carbon dots incorporated in the anthraquinone‐polydiacetylene matrix. Accordingly, employing an array of polymerized‐anthraquinone photodetector films comprising carbon dots (C‐dots) exhibiting different excitation wavelengths yielded optical “capacitive fingerprints” in a broad spectral range (350–650 nm). Furthermore, circular light polarization selectivity is achieved through chiral polymerization of the polydiacetylene framework. The carbon dot/anthraquinone‐polydiacetylene capacitive photodetector features rapid photo‐response, high fidelity, and recyclability as the redox reactions of anthraquinone are fully reversible. The carbon dot/anthraquinone‐polydiacetylene platform is inexpensive, easy to fabricate, and consists of environmentally friendly materials.
“Actually, It's Real Work”: EFL Teachers' Perceptions of Technology‐Assisted Project‐Based Language Learning in Lebanon, Libya, and Syria
Authors: Garib Ali 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEnglish as a foreign language (EFL) teachers in under‐resourced contexts are prone to constraining factors influencing their interactive and technological pedagogical choices. To cast light on this population of EFL teachers' technology‐integrated interactive teaching practices, such as technology‐assisted project‐based language learning (TAPBLL), this study examines EFL teachers' perceptions of TAPBLL before and after its implementation in Lebanon, Libya, and Syria. Survey and interview data were collected from 25 EFL teachers. The interviews were conducted via WebEx and Zoom between Fall 2020 and Spring 2021. The analysis of the data was guided by a phenomenological approach and the author identified themes from the participants' responses. The findings reveal that all teachers in the three contexts perceive TAPBLL as a desired teaching approach although they encountered a number of challenges when attempting to implement it. The findings provide implications for further research and teacher professional development.
Prenatal exome sequencing and impact on perinatal outcome: cohort study
Authors: Poljak B. , Agarwal U. , Alfirevic Z. , Allen S. , Canham N. , Higgs J. , Kaelin Agten A. , Khalil A. , Roberts D. , Mone F. , Navaratnam K. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesFirst, to determine the uptake of prenatal exome sequencing (pES) and the diagnostic yield of pathogenic (causative) variants in a UK tertiary fetal medicine unit following the introduction of the NHS England Rapid Exome Sequencing Service for fetal anomalies testing (R21 pathway). Second, to identify how the decision to proceed with pES and identification of a causative variant affect perinatal outcomes, specifically late termination of pregnancy (TOP) at or beyond 22 weeks' gestation.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of anomalous fetuses referred to the Liverpool Women's Hospital Fetal Medicine Unit between 1 March 2021 and 28 February 2022. pES was performed as part of the R21 pathway. Trio exome sequencing was performed using an Illumina next‐generation sequencing platform assessing coding and splice regions of a panel of 974 prenatally relevant genes and 231 expert reviewed genes. Data on demographics, phenotype, pES result and perinatal outcome were extracted and compared. Descriptive statistics and the χ‐square or Fisher's exact test were performed using IBM SPSS version 28.0.1.0.ResultsIn total, 72 cases were identified and two‐thirds of eligible women (n = 48) consented to trio pES. pES was not feasible in one case owing to a low DNA yield and, therefore, was performed in 47 cases. In one‐third of cases (n = 24), pES was not proposed or agreed. In 58.3% (14/24) of these cases, this was because invasive testing was declined and, in 41.7% (10/24) of cases, women opted for testing and underwent chromosomal microarray analysis only. The diagnostic yield of pES was 23.4% (11/47). There was no overall difference in the proportion of women who decided to have late TOP in the group in which pES was agreed compared with the group in which pES was not proposed or agreed (25.0% (12/48) vs 25.0% (6/24); P = 1.0). However, the decision to have late TOP was significantly more frequent when a causative variant was detected compared with when pES was uninformative (63.6% (7/11) vs 13.9% (5/36); P < 0.0009). The median turnaround time for results was longer in cases in which a causative variant was identified than in those in which pES was uninformative (22 days (interquartile range (IQR), 19–34) days vs 14 days (IQR, 10–15 days); P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the potential impact of identification of a causative variant by pES on decision to have late TOP. As the R21 pathway continues to evolve, we urge clinicians and policymakers to consider introducing earlier screening for anomalies, developing robust guidance for late TOP and ensuring optimized support for couples. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Probing non-standard neutrino interactions with a light boson from next galactic and diffuse supernova neutrinos
Authors: Akita Kensuke , Im Sang Hui , Masud Mehedi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Non-standard neutrino interactions with a massive boson can produce the bosons in the core of core-collapse supernovae (SNe). After the emission of the bosons from the SN core, their subsequent decays into neutrinos can modify the SN neutrino flux. We show future observations of neutrinos from a next galactic SN in Super-Kamiokande (SK) and Hyper-Kamiokande (HK) can probe flavor-universal non-standard neutrino couplings to a light boson, improving the previous limit from the SN 1987A neutrino burst by several orders of magnitude. We also discuss sensitivity of the flavor-universal non-standard neutrino interactions in future observations of diffuse neutrinos from all the past SNe, known as the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB). According to our analysis, observations of the DSNB in HK, JUNO and DUNE experiments can probe such couplings by a factor of ∼ 2 beyond the SN 1987A constraint. However, our result is also subject to a large uncertainty concerning the precise estimation of the DSNB.