bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial efficacy of spice extracts against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus – An in-vitro study
Authors: Latti Pooja , Subramaniam R. , Prashant G. M. 
Published: December 2021

Objectives:
To evaluate the antibacterial activity of black pepper, Indian bay leaf, cinnamon, and cumin against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus in-vitro and to determine their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).

Materials and Methods:
The spices (cinnamon, cumin, Indian bay leaf, and black pepper) were obtained from local market, were dried and powdered. Solvent extracts were prepared with methanol by maceration, followed by filtration and evaporation. The antimicrobial activity was assessed using cup plate diffusion method, followed by determination of MIC of the extracts. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test was used for pairwise comparison. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
All the four extracts showed significant antimicrobial activity. Cinnamon demonstrated maximum activity against S. mutans (zone of inhibition of 18.1 mm ± 0.30) and L. acidophilus (zone of inhibition of 17.9 mm ± 0.44) with the least MIC against the organisms (<0.05 mg/ml).

Conclusion:
All the spice extracts tested demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against S. mutans and L. acidophilus. On comparison of the antibacterial activities of all the four extracts, cinnamon extract emerged as the potent agent.
Efektifitas Edukasi COVID-19 Secara Daring Pada Kelompok Dukungan Sebaya Top Support Yayasan Pelita Ilmu
Authors: Ichwan Ruri mutia , Pratomo Hadi , Diyah Patni Putri , Artha Ria Dame , Dara Pertiwi Reza , Yusuf Ridwan Andi M , Agesti Ramadhan Farandi 
Published: December 2021

Abstrak
Virus Corona atau severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) adalah virus yang bisa menyebabkan gangguan ringan pada sistem pernapasan, infeksi paru-paru yang berat, hingga kematian. Banyaknya kasus terkonfirmasi positif, memberikan perhatian khusus bagi kelompok-kelompok yang rentan terinfeksi seperti kelompok dengan imunodefisiensi, salah satunya kelompok orang dengan HIV. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efektifitas pemberian edukasi COVID-19 secara daring dalam upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 di Kelompok Dukungan Sebaya (KDS) Top Support Yayasan Pelita Ilmu (YPI) Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Intervensi dilakukan kepada pendamping dan peer educator. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi terstruktur dan pengisian kuesioner, data sekunder didapatkan dari literatur serta materi dan laporan dari Yayasan Pelita Ilmu. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan tiga kegiatan utama, yakni: reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan kredibilitas melalui pemeriksaan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian edukasi COVID-19 secara daring dengan melibatkan pendampingan dan pemberdayaan peer educator efektif menambah pengetahuan tentang protokol pencegahan COVID-19. Pemberian pendampingan edukasi secara online melalui pendekatan peer educator bermanfaat sebagai pesan berantai kepada diri sendiri, keluarga, komunitas dan teman sebayanya. Orang yang diedukasi menjadi lebih rajin menerapkan 3M dan pola hidup sehat, namun untuk mengetahui perubahan perilaku ini secara konsisten perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut.
Perceived Need Factor Analysis on the Utilization of Elderly Health Services in Puskesmas and Posyandu
Authors: Tumangger Della Trinanta Acesania 
Published: December 2021

The need factor-based to the theory of Andersen and Newman (2005) is seen from 2 aspects, which include the individual assessment aspect (perceived need factor) and the clinical aspect (evaluated need). There is still no publication of review research that discusses specific analyzes of subjective assessment of the needs of the elderly on the use of services in health facilities at Puskesmas and Posyandu. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between the influence of perceived need factors on the utilization of health services for the elderly at the Puskesmas and Posyandu. This study is a qualitative study with a literature review using quantitative and mixed methods analysis which are published from 2016 to 2021. The collection of literature using the Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. The search results obtained 60 articles that matched the keywords and then the overall identification was carried out using inclusion and exclusion criteria in the content of the article so that 12 articles were reviewed. The results showed which variable of perceived need factor that most commonly found to be related to the utilization of elderly health care services at Puskesmas and Posyandu was the chronic condition variable (n = 4 articles), followed by the self-rated health, subjective health complaint, perception for benefit matter and limitation in daily activities variable, each of them are (n=2 articles). Further studies are needed to develop an appropriate instrument in assessing the factors of the needs of the elderly in full, namely the factors of the needs of the elderly which are seen from the clinical aspect of the utilization of health services at the Puskesmas and Posyandu.
KETERKENDALIAN PEMILIHAN BAHASA RUANG PUBLIK PELABUHAN DAN BANDARA DI KOTA AMBON [Controlability of Language Application on Public Space Port and Airport in Ambon City]
Authors: Hasan Nita Handayani 
Published: December 2021

This study aims to review the phenomenon foreign terms using on sign boards at airports and ports in Ambon City. In order to describe this phenomenon, this study will use two ways. Frist, measuring the level of control language use with the results of language assessment; and second, describing the reason as the background of chosing the language in public spaces at ports and airports in Ambon City. It is a qualitative descriptive research. This research using photographs signboards and interviews result as the data. Photos analysis using a research instrument made by the Agency for Language Development. The results of photos analysis then supported by the results of interviews. This study found that ports and airports in Ambon City gets category B in control rating. This category shows that the use of Indonesian language in the port and airport areas in Ambon City is quite controlled. Based on the results of interviews, it is known that the effect of less socialization the existence of Law Number 24 of 2009 to ports and airports in Ambon City is signboards which wrote by foregn languages. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas fenomena penggunaan istilah asing pada papan-papan petunjuk yang berada di bandara dan pelabuhan di Kota Ambon. Agar dapat mendeskripsikan fenomena tersebut, penelitian ini mengukur tingkat keterkendalian penggunaan bahasa menggunakan hasil penilaian bahasa; serta mendeskripsikan latar belakang penyusunan dan penggunaan bahasa ruang publik di pelabuhan dan bandara di Kota Ambon. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskripsi kualitatif. Data yang digunakan yaitu berupa foto-foto papan petunjuk dan hasil wawancara. Foto-foto yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan instrumen penelitian yang dibuat oleh Badan dan Pengembangan Bahasa. Hasil dari analisis foto-foto tersebut kemudian ditunjang dengan hasil wawancara. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penggunaan bahasa pada pelabuhan dan bandara di Kota Ambon masuk pada kategori peringkat terkendali B. Kategori ini menunjukkan penggunaan bahasa Indoenesia di wilayah pelabuhan dan bandara di Kota Ambon cukup terkendali. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara diketahui bahwa minimnya sosialisasi mengenai keberadaan Undang-Undang Nomor 24 tahun 2009 pada pihak bandara dan pelabuhan menjadi pemicu penggunaan istilah asing di ruang publik pelabuhan dan bandara di Kota Ambon. Manfaat dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk memberikan masukan kepada pihak bandara dan pelabuhan di Kota Ambon untuk lebih mengutamakan penggunaan bahasa Indonesia di ruang publik.
KLASIFIKASI LEKSIKOSTATISTIK BAHASA BANGGOI DAN BAHASA HOTI DI KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN TIMUR [Lexicostatistic Classification Of Banggai And Hoti Language In East Seram District]
Authors: Erniati Erniati 
Published: December 2021

This study is a lexicostatistical study that aims to classify words that are related statistically to classify similarities. This research is focused on Banggoi and Hoti languages spoken by the people in West Bula District, East Seram Regency, Maluku Province. The aim is to determine the kinship classification of Banggoi and Hoti languages and determine the time of separation between the two languages. The method used is quantitative and qualitative methods with data collection techniques using direct observation, listening, note-taking, and recording methods. The results showed that Banggoi language and Hoti language have kinship with percentage of 31.5%. Based on this percentage, the two languages are at the stok/family kinship level. The existence of this kinship is influenced by geographical proximity, while the time of separation of the two languages is estimated at 1,170 years ago. Kajian ini merupakan kajian leksikostatistik yang bertujuan mengelompokkan kata-kata yang berkerabat dengan mengelompokkan persamaan secara statistik. Peneltian ini difokuskan pada bahasa Banggoi dan bahasa Hoti yang ditutukan oleh masyarakat yang ada di Kecamatan Bula Barat, Kabupaten Seram Bagian Timur, Provinsi Maluku. Tujuan kajian adalah untuk mengetahui klasifikasi kekerabatan bahasa Banggoi dan bahasa Hoti dan menentukan waktu pisah dari kedua bahasa tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik observasi langsung, simak, catat, dan perekaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antara bahasa Banggoi dan bahasa Hoti memilki kekerabatan dengan persentase 31,5%. Berdasarkan persentase tersebut maka kedua bahasa tersebut berada pada tingkat kekerabatan stok/rumpun. Adanya kekerabatan bahasa Banggoi dan bahasa Hoti karena dipengaruhi oleh letak geografi yang berdekatan dan waktu pisah kedua bahasa tersebut diperkirakan pada 1.170 tahun yang lalu.
PEMERTAHANAN BAHASA DAERAH DI KOTA AMBON: STUDI KASUS BAHASA DAERAH DI NEGERI LAHA SEBAGAI SATU-SATUNYA BAHASA DAERAH DI KOTA AMBON [Local Language Maintenance in the city of Ambon: A Local Language Case Studying in the Laha Village as a Local Language only in the City of Ambon]
Authors: Turiah Harlin 
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this research is to describe local language maintenance in Laha village as the only local language in the City of Ambon. The kind of this research uses quantitative desceiptive. The method of this research is qualitative method where questionnaires were specifically given to 50 respondents that were chosen randomly (random sampling). Beside that, the writer also interviewed some informants and did observation in Laha village and some decent villages in Ambon. The result of this research showed that the condition of local language in Laha village is in danger of extinction. It is shown from local language mastery in society, speakers’ age, first language use, mother tongue, mastery period of local language, and local language acquisition in Laha village. Most speakers of Laha local language can only communicate with little local language of Laha (passive speakers). In terms of age, most of the fluent speakers of local language of Laha are above 50. Those who are under 50 can communicate limitedly, passively understand the language, and even some of them can not communicate using the language at all. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pemertahanan bahasa daerah yang ada di Negeri Laha (setingkat desa) sebagai satu-satunya bahasa daerah yang ada di Kota Ambon. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif yang secara spesifik responden diberikan kuesioner atau daftar tanyaan dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 50 orang yang diambil secara acak (random sampling). Daftar tanyaan penelitian secara umum meliputi situasi dan kondisi bahasa daerah yang ada di Negeri Laha termasuk pemakai dan pemakaiannya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sekarang ini, kondisi bahasa daerah yang ada di Negeri Laha Kota Ambon terancam punah. Hal itu terlihat dari penguasaan bahasa daerah dalam masyarakat, usia penutur, bahasa yang digunakan ketika masa kecil (anak-anak), bahasa pertama yang dipelajari, masa penguasaan bahasa daerah, dan pemerolehan bahasa daerah di Negeri Laha. Kemampuan penguasaan berkomunikasi dalam bahasa daerah di Negeri Laha lebih banyak hanya bisa berkomunikasi secara sedikit-sedikit daripada bisa berkomunikasi secara aktif. Dari segi usia, kebanyakan yang dapat dan lancar berbahasa daerah Laha rata-rata usia di atas 50 tahun. Untuk usia di bawah usia 50 tahun, kebanyakan dapat berkomunikasi secara sedikit-sedikit, bisa memahami (pasif), dan sebagian pula tidak bisa berkomunikasi sama sekali.Abstrak
Trump’s Twitter Propaganda During Covid-19
Authors: Muqsith Munadhil Abdul , Kuswanti Ana , Pratomo Rizky Ridho , Muzykant Valerii L. 
Published: December 2021

<em><span lang="EN-US"><em><span>During the early Covid-19 pandemic, led by controversial presidential figure Donald Trump, the US seemed to be overwhelmed by this microbial creature, proving to be one of the countries with the most Covid-19. Besides health impacts, there are many multi-effects afterward, such as economic, social, political, and so on, that must be faced after this Covid-19 outbreak. Moreover, the US will hold a presidential election in November 2020. This challenge makes Trump must focus on how to complete Covid-19 while maintaining electability as President. One of the methods adopted is by forming narration through Twitter. Donald Trump is an active Twitter user who often tweets about his stance. Therefore, this study wants to analyze Trump's Twitter tweet content based on propaganda based on six propaganda classifications based on Holly Thayer's Theory. The quantitative content analysis method is the systematic and replicable examination of symbols of communication. The object of research in this article is Twitter's @realDonaldTrump tweet. We analyzed Donald Trump's Twitter content in the period 1 March 2020-27 May 2020 with a systematic random sample method. Our result shows that Trump constructs a message to support his policy and maintain his electability.</span></em> </span></em>
MORPHOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY OF THE EURASIAN LYNX (Lynx lynx) PLANUM NASALE
Authors: Ari Hasan Hüseyin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract: This study reveals the macroscopic and microscopic structures of the Eurasian lynx planum nasale using materials from three dead females obtained from the Sivas Forestry Branch of Agriculture and Forestry Ministry of the Republic of Turkey. To accomplish the purpose, planum nasale was investigated using macroscopic, histological, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The microscopic examination showed that the planum nasale consists of hairless, moist, glabrous skin and resembles a ship anchor with arm, palm, stock, and sickle parts. The planum nasale’s surface is formed by epidermal plates or epidermal ridges, which were separated from each other by primary and secondary fissures showed in SEM and macroscopic figures. Based on the microscopic examination, the Mercel’s cells and nerve ends are located in the basal sheet of the planum nasale’s epidermal layers. In addition, the pores situated on the surface of the epidermal ridges and the dense connective bundles were settled in the dermal layers, based on the SEM examination.Key words: Eurasian lynx (Lynx rufus); morphology; nasal plane; planum nasaleMORFOLOGIJA IN HISTOLOGIJA SMRČKA EVRAZIJSKEGA RISA (Lynx lynx)Izvleček: V študiji so opisane makroskopske in mikroskopske strukture smrčka evrazijskega risa, ki je bila opravljena s proučevanjem tkiv treh mrtvih samic, ki so jih pridobili s pomočjo gozdarske podružnice Sivas Ministrstva za kmetijstvo in gozdarstvo Republike Turčije. Strukturo smrčka so raziskovali z uporabo makroskopskih, histoloških metod ter uporabe vrstičnega elektronskega mikroskopa (SEM). Mikroskopska preiskava je pokazala, da smrček sestavlja brezdlaka, vlažna, gola koža, ki po obliki spominja na ladijsko sidro. Površinski del smrčka tvorijo epidermalne plošče ali grebeni, ki jih ločujejo primarne in sekundarne razpoke, vidne na makroskopskih slikah in s pomočjo vrstične mikroskopije. Na histoloških preparatih so bile v bazalni plasti smrčka epidermisa opazne Merkelove celice in živčni končiči. S pomočjo metode SEM so v plasti epidermisa pokazali pore, ki se nahajajo na površini epidermalnih grebenov in snope togega fibrilarnega veziva, ki segajo v plast dermisa.Ključne besede: Evrazijski ris (Lynx rufus); morfologija; nosna ravnina; smrček
Implementasi Theory of Planned Behavior terhadap Entrepreneurial Intention: Efek Moderasi Entrepreneurship Education dan Gender
Authors: Suryawirawan Okto Aditya , Shabrie Wiwiek Srikandi , Cahyono Krido Eko 
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial intention of college students in Surabaya. Purposive sampling was used towards 220 college students. The criteria of the samples were students who already took entrepreneurship subject for bachelor degree and entrepreneurship practicum for vocational studies. This study used Mann-Whitney U-Test through SPSS and partial least squares through SmartPLS. This study finds: 1) attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control have a positive significant impact towards entrepreneurial intention, 2) entrepreneurship education has a positive significant impact towards entrepreneurial intention,3) entrepreneurship education failed to moderate any of the theory of planned behavior variables effect toward entrepreneurial intention, 4) gender failed to moderate the relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention, 5) there was no difference on the level of entrepreneurial intention between male and female college students, 6) there was no difference on the level of entrepreneurial intention between bachelor degree and vocational studies students.
Well Integrity Study for CO_2 WAG Application in Mature Field X, South Sumatra Area for the Fulfillment as CO2 Sequestration Sink
Authors: Chandra Steven , Aziz Prasandi Abdul , Naufal Muhammad Raykhan , Daton Wijoyo Niti 
Published: December 2021

The most of today's global oil production comes from mature fields. Oil companies and governments are both concerned about increasing oil recovery from aging resources. To maintain oil production, the mature field must apply the Enhanced Oil Recovery method. water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection is an enhanced oil recovery method designed to improve sweep efficiency during injection with the injected water to control the mobility of . This study will discuss possible corrosion during and water injection and the casing load calculation along with the production tubing during the injection phase. The following study also performed a suitable material selection for the best performance injection. This research was conducted by evaluating casing integrity for simulate water-alternating-gas (WAG) to be applied in the X-well in the Y-field, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Corrosion prediction were performed using Electronic Corrosion Engineer (ECE®) corrosion model and for the strength of tubing which included burst, collapse, and tension of production casing was assessed using Microsoft Excel. This study concluded that for the casing load calculation results in 600 psi of burst pressure, collapse pressure of 2,555.64 psi, and tension of 190,528 lbf. All of these results are still following the K-55 production casing rating. While injecting , the maximum corrosion rate occurs. It has a maximum corrosion rate of 2.02 mm/year and a minimum corrosion rate of 0.36 mm/year. With this value, it is above NORSOK Standard M-001 which is 2 mm/year and needs to be evaluated to prevent the rate to remain stable and not decrease in the following years. To prevent the effect of maximum corrosion rate, the casing material must use a SM13CR (Martensitic Stainless Steel) which is not sour service material.
Retraction Notice: Ruang Budaya Pada Proses Daur Hidup (Pernikahan) dan Tradisi Wiwit di Desa Sumber Polaman, Lawang Jawa Timur
Authors: Editorial Editorial 
Published: December 2021

We hereby announce that the article entitled "Ruang Budaya Pada Proses Daur Hidup (Pernikahan) dan Tradisi Wiwit di Desa Sumber Polaman, Lawang Jawa Timur" published in Vol 3 No in 2017 has been withdrawn / retracted at the request of the author on October 13, 2021. The reason for the withdrawal is because it is indicated that the paper quoted without mentioning the source (misconduct) on the article "Nilai Kosmologi Pada Tata Spasial Pada Permukiman Desa Kapencar Lereng Gunung Sindoro Wonowsobo (https://journal.ugm.ac.id/mft/article/view/654)
Thus, we convey this notice so that it can be used properlyThis withdrawal was made at the request of the author
Analisis Hubungan Ekspor, Pembayaran Hutang Luar Negeri Dan Nilai Tukar Terhadap Cadangan Devisa Indonesia
Authors: Fakhrurrazi Fakhrurrazi , Juliansyah Hijri 
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the relationship between exports, foreign debt payments, and the exchange rates on the foreign exchange reserves of Indonesia in 1988-2019. This study uses secondary data for 31 years and uses the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) analysis method to analyze the data. The results of this study indicate that all variables have no relationship between variables, only on the foreign exchange reserves to exports. In short-term testing, the export does not have a significant effect on foreign exchange reserves, and the foreign debt payment and the exchange rate have a significant effect on foreign exchange reserves. However, in the long run, all variables do not have a significant effect on foreign exchange reserves.Keywords:Exports, Foreign Debt Payment, Exchange Rates, Foreign Exchange Reserves, ARDL
PENGARUH PENDAPATAN PERKAPITA, PDRB, DAN JUMLAH PENDUDUK TERHADAP TINGKAT KONSUMSI MASYARAKAT KABUPATEN ACEH TAMIANG TAHUN 2003-2016
Authors: Nurbayan Nurbayan , Juliansyah Hijri 
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat seberapa besar pengaruh Pendapatan Perkapita, PDRB Dan Jumlah Penduduk terhadap Tingkat Konsumsi masyarakat Aceh Tamiang. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder dari tahun 2003-2016. Alat analisis yang digunakan dengan program eview 9. Hasil menunjukan bahwa pendapatan perkapita, PDRB dan jumlah penduduk sudah terbesbas dari uji asumsi klasik. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan pengaruh variabel bebas sebesar ) adalah 0.5464 atau 45,36 persen. Memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap tingkat konsumsi masyarakat Aceh Tamiang
PENGARUH PELAKSANAAN MUZARA’AH TERHADAP TINGKAT KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI DI KECAMATAN LHOKSUKON KABUPATEN ACEH UTARA
Authors: Nujul Fajri Siti , Dharma Yulius 
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pengaruh Muzara’ah Terhadap Tingkat Kesejahteraan Petani di Kecamatan Lhoksukon Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi linier sederhana. Data yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 67 responden. Hasil penelitian Secara parsial Secara Parsial muzara’ah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan petani di Kecamatan Lhoksukon Kabupaten Aceh Utara.