bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case study investigating the short‐term efficacy and tolerability of a daily serum composed from a unique sunflower sprout extract
Authors: Barua Sushmita , Jiang Lily I. , Kononov Tatiana , Zahr Alisar S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundFatigued skin, defined as dehydrated skin with lack of visual facial firmness and dull appearance, can be attributed to intrinsic and extrinsic factors of aging. An anti‐aging daily serum (AADS) containing a unique sunflower sprout extract (SSE) was formulated to target fatigued and photodamaged skin.AimsUtilizing both preclinical and clinical testing models, the efficacy of the AADS was investigated to improve fatigued and photodamaged skin.Patients/MethodPreclinical studies included in vitro analysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in fatigued dermal fibroblasts, inhibition of ultraviolet radiation A (UVA) induced advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in keratinocytes, and ex vivo gene expression after incubation with the SSE. An institutional review board (IRB)‐approved short‐term, 7‐day, clinical case study was conducted on 28 female subjects, Fitzpatrick skin type I–IV, aged 30–60 years with moderate overall photodamage and skin fatigue. This was a double‐blinded, randomized, controlled, single‐center case study testing the AADS alone and in combination with an anti‐aging facial moisturizer (AAFM).ResultsThe SSE boosted intracellular ATP production in fatigued fibroblasts and reduced the formation of AGEs in keratinocytes. The SSE increased expression of genes related to epidermal keratinization and downregulated genes related to inflammation. Statistically significant improvement was found after 7 days of twice‐daily use of the AADS alone and in combination with the AAFM. Products were well tolerated and perceived by subjects.ConclusionPreclinical results combined with the clinical results strongly suggest that the AADS containing the SSE was tolerable and effective in targeting fatigued and photodamaged skin.
Effect of Printing Orientation and Postcuring Time on the Flexural Strength of 3D‐Printed Resins
Authors: Al‐Dulaijan Yousif A. , Alsulaimi Leenah , Alotaibi Reema , Alboainain Areej , Akhtar Sultan , Khan Soban Q. , Al‐Ghamdi Maram , Gad Mohammed M 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effect of printing orientation combined with different postcuring times on the flexural strength of 3D‐printed resins.Materials and methodsA total of 480 rectangular specimens with the dimensions of 64×10×3.3 mm were designed and fabricated from two 3D‐printed acrylic resins and one heat‐polymerized resin (HP). 3D‐printed groups were divided into 3 groups according to printing orientations (0‐, 45‐, 90‐degree); each group was subdivided into 4 groups according to postcuring time (30, 60, 90, 120 min.). All specimens were subjected to thermal cycling (10,000 cycles) before testing flexural strength. Fractured surfaces were examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests were used for data analysis (α = 0.05).ResultsThe result of this study showed that the highest flexural strength values of 3D‐printed resin (NextDent, and ASIGA) were in 0‐degree groups. Also, the flexural strength values increased when postcuring time was increased, regardless of the printing orientation; the highest flexural strength was recorded at 120 minutes postcuring time in all orientations. SEM analysis showed a rougher surface with irregular lamellae which represented a ductile fracture confirming that high energy is required for crack propagation and these features markedly increased as postcuring time increased.ConclusionThe results showed that the 0‐degree orientation groups showed higher flexural strength compared to other groups. Similarly, with increased postcuring time, the flexural strength increased.
Three Dimensional Printed Surgical Guides: Effect of Time on Dimensional Stability
Authors: Lo Russo Lucio , Guida Laura , Zhurakivska Khrystyna , Troiano Giuseppe , Di Gioia Claudio , Ercoli Carlo , Laino Luigi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeTo analyze, in vitro, the dimensional stability over time of 3D‐printed surgical guides.Materials and methodsTen surgical guides, manufactured by digital light processing 3D‐printing technology, were scanned immediately after post‐processing and then after 5, 10, 15, and 20 days. The corresponding standard tessellation language (STL) files were used for comparison with the reference CAD project. Mean absolute deviation (MAD) of the intaglio surface, axial, and linear deviations of the sleeves’ housings were measured. Generalized estimated equations models (α = 0.05) were used to investigate the effect of time.ResultsMAD of the teeth intaglio surface showed less variation (minimum: 0.002, maximum: 0.014 mm) than that of the mucosa (minimum: 0.026, maximum: 0.074 mm). Axial variations of the sleeves’ housings on the sagittal (minimum: –0.008°, maximum: –0.577°) and frontal plane (minimum: –0.193°, maximum: 0.525°) changed with similar patterns, but opposite trends (decreasing for the former). Linear deviations of center points of the sleeves’ housings had a shifting (minimum: –0.074, maximum: 0.02 mm) pattern with a decreasing tendency. Time after processing had a significant effect, either alone or nested with guides volume, on all outcomes of interest, except for MAD of the mucosa intaglio surface (p < 0.001), which was significantly affected only by the time‐volume nested effect (p = 0.012).ConclusionsWithin the limitations of the experimental design, postmanufacturing dimensional variations of surgical guides were statistically significant. Although limited, they are an additional source of variability affecting the overall accuracy of computer‐guided surgery. As such, they should be addressed by further research.
Effects of mindfulness‐based therapy for insomnia and a sleep hygiene/exercise programme on subjective‐objective sleep discrepancy in older adults with sleep disturbances: Exploratory secondary analysis of a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Shaif Noof Abdullah Saad , Doshi Kinjal , Lim Julian 
Published: July 2022

SummaryOlder adults with poor sleep tend to show a discrepancy between objective and self‐reported sleep parameters, which can trigger a vicious cycle that worsens their sleep complaints. Cognitive‐behavioural therapy can reduce this discrepancy, but alternative behavioural therapies remain untested. The present exploratory study aimed to investigate the effects of mindfulness‐based therapy for insomnia (MBTI) on reducing sleep discrepancies in comparison with a sleep hygiene, education, and exercise programme (SHEEP). Older adults were randomly allocated into the mindfulness‐based therapy for insomnia group (n = 55) or the sleep hygiene, education, and exercise programme group (n = 58). Subjective and objective sleep parameters were measured using sleep diaries, polysomnography (PSG), and actigraphy. Sleep discrepancies were calculated using the Bland–Altman method for sleep onset latency (SOL) and wake after sleep onset (WASO). Additionally, correlations between the change in sleep discrepancies and the change in subjective sleep quality and trait mindfulness were measured within each group. Sleep onset latency discrepancy measured by polysomnography and actigraphy decreased significantly after the MBTI and SHEEP interventions. In contrast, there was no significant change in wake after sleep onset discrepancy in either group. The change in sleep onset latency discrepancy was correlated with the change in insomnia symptoms and objectively measured trait mindfulness. Mindfulness‐based therapy for insomnia was effective in reducing sleep onset latency discrepancies and improving sleep perception in older adults with sleep disturbances, which in turn drove an improvement in sleep quality and insomnia symptoms. Increases in trait mindfulness may have been an important mechanism in improving sleep perception in the mindfulness‐based therapy for insomnia group.
Robenacoxib pharmacokinetics in sheep following oral, subcutaneous, and intravenous administration
Authors: Fadel Charbel , Łebkowska‐Wieruszewska Beata , Sartini Irene , Lisowski Andrzej , Poapolathep Amnart , Giorgi Mario 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of robenacoxib (RX), a COX‐2 selective non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug, in sheep after single subcutaneous (SC), oral (PO), and intravenous (IV) administration. Five healthy female sheep underwent a three‐phase parallel study design with a washout period of 4 weeks, in which sheep received a 4 mg/kg SC dose in phase 1, a 4 mg/kg PO administration in phase 2, and a 2 mg/kg IV administration in phase 3. Plasma RX concentrations were measured over a 48 h period for each treatment using HPLC coupled to a UV multiple wavelength detector, and the PK parameters were estimated using a non‐compartmental method. Following IV administration, terminal elimination half‐life, volume of distribution at steady state, and total clearance were 2.64 h, 0.077 L/kg, and 0.056 L/h kg, respectively. The mean peak plasma concentrations following SC and PO administrations were 7.04 and 3.01 μg/mL, respectively. The mean bioavailability following SC and PO administrations were 45.98% and 16.58%, respectively. The SC route may be proposed for use in sheep. However, the multi‐dose and pharmacodynamic studies are necessary to establish more accurately its safety and efficacy in sheep.
Multimodal music training enhances executive functions in children: Results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bugos Jennifer A. , DeMarie Darlene , Stokes Christina , P. Power Lindsay 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMusic training programs have shown mixed results on children's executive functions. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of a 10‐week multimodal music program with vocal development, bimanual coordination, and musical improvisation, on children's executive functions. We hypothesized that a 10‐week music program would enhance executive functions in working memory in 4‐ to 6‐year‐old children. Eighty‐four children were randomly assigned to a multimodal music program, an active control Lego program, or no treatment control condition (i.e., randomized controlled design). All children completed measures of music aptitude, music achievement, and executive functions (i.e., EF Touch) pre‐ and post‐training. Results revealed enhanced pitch accuracy and working memory for children in the music training group as compared to the other conditions. Children in the Lego condition demonstrated significant enhancements of spatial working memory. Tonal music aptitude significantly predicted performance on measures of working memory. Contributions to the literature include the randomized controlled design, group multimodal music program appropriate for 4‐ to 6‐year‐old children, and the use of executive function measures sensitive to individual differences.
Right ventricular function and long‐term clinical outcomes after cardiac resynchronization therapy: A cardiovascular magnetic resonance study
Authors: Zegard Abbasin , Okafor Osita , Moody William , Marshall Howard , Qiu Tian , Stegemann Berthold , Beadle Roger , Leyva Francisco 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundRight ventricular (RV) dysfunction has been linked to a poor response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). We sought to determine whether cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR)‐derived measures of RV function influence clinical outcomes after CRT.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we used CMR to assess pre‐implant RV volumes and RV ejection fraction (RVEF) in relation to clinical outcomes after CRT implantation.ResultsAmong 243 patients (age: 70.3 ± 10.8 years [mean ± SD]; 68.7% male; 121 [49.8%]) with ischemic cardiomyopathy and 122 (50.2%) with nonischemic cardiomyopathy, 141 (58%) after CRT‐defibrillation (CRT‐D) and 102 (42%) after CRT‐pacing (CRT‐P), 101 (41.6.0%) patients died, 61 (25.1%) from cardiac causes and 24 (9.88%) from noncardiac causes, over 5.87 years (median; interquartile range: 4.35–7.73). Two (0.82%) patients underwent cardiac transplantation and four (1.64%) had a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). A total of 41 (16.9%) met the composite endpoint of sudden cardiac death (SCD), ventricular tachycardia, or ventricular fibrillation. In univariate analyses, no measure of RV function was associated with total mortality or the arrhythmic endpoint. RVEF was associated with cardiac mortality on univariate analyses (HR per 10%: 0.82, 95% CI 0.70–0.96), but not on multivariate analyses that included left ventricular ejection fraction.ConclusionsThere is no relationship between measures of RV function, such as RV volumes and RVEF, and the long‐term clinical outcome of CRT. These findings indicate that such measures should not be considered in patient selection.
Impact of glycoengineering and antidrug antibodies on the anticancer activity of a plant‐made lectin‐Fc fusion protein
Authors: Dent Matthew , Mayer Katarina L. , Verjan Garcia Noel , Guo Haixun , Kajiura Hiroyuki , Fujiyama Kazuhito , Matoba Nobuyuki 
Published: July 2022

SummaryPlants are an efficient production platform for manufacturing glycoengineered monoclonal antibodies and antibody‐like molecules. Avaren‐Fc (AvFc) is a lectin‐Fc fusion protein or lectibody produced in Nicotiana benthamiana, which selectively recognizes cancer‐associated high‐mannose glycans. In this study, we report the generation of a glycovariant of AvFc that is devoid of plant glycans, including the core α1,3‐fucose and β1,2‐xylose residues. The successful removal of these glycans was confirmed by glycan analysis using HPLC. This variant, AvFcΔXF, has significantly higher affinity for Fc gamma receptors and induces higher levels of luciferase expression in an antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) reporter assay against B16F10 murine melanoma cells without inducing apoptosis or inhibiting proliferation. In the B16F10 flank tumour mouse model, we found that systemic administration of AvFcΔXF, but not an aglycosylated AvFc variant lacking affinity for Fc receptors, significantly delayed the growth of tumours, suggesting that Fc‐mediated effector functions were integral. AvFcΔXF treatment also significantly reduced lung metastasis of B16F10 upon intravenous challenge whereas a sugar‐binding‐deficient mutant failed to show efficacy. Lastly, we determined the impact of antidrug antibodies (ADAs) on drug activity in vivo by pretreating animals with AvFcΔXF before implanting tumours. Despite a significant ADA response induced by the pretreatment, we found that the activity of AvFcΔXF was unaffected by the presence of these antibodies. These results demonstrate that glycoengineering is a powerful strategy to enhance AvFc's antitumor activity.
Wage inequality in the developing world: Evidence from Latin America
Authors: Rodríguez‐Castelán Carlos , López‐Calva Luis Felipe , Lustig Nora , Valderrama Daniel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe study the dynamics of wage inequality in Latin America in the past two decades. We find a consistent trend reversal in wage inequality in the region since the early 2000s: wage inequality fell across all countries in a way not predicted by the trends each country had experienced in the 1990s. The decline in wage inequality is explained by a disproportional expansion in the real hourly wage among low‐paid workers, reducing both lower and upper tail inequality. About 40% of the observed reduction in wage variance was a response to the more equal wage structure, while the rest derived from a reduction in wage dispersion among workers with similar observable traits. The equalization of the wage structure in the 2000s is correlated with a reduction in the wage premium across education, experience, and place of residence. The reduction in the gender gap contributed, to a lesser extent, to the trend reversal.
Brief contact interventions to reduce suicide among discharged patients with mental health disorders—A meta‐analysis of RCTs
Authors: Tay Jing Ling , Li Ziqiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundWorldwide, about 1 million died from suicide in 2000. People with mental health disorders are at greater risk of suicide, and they are especially susceptible during 1‐week period after discharge from the hospital.ObjectiveThis meta‐analysis paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of brief contact interventions in preventing (1) suicidal deaths, (2) suicidal attempts, and (3) suicidal ideations among mental health patients discharged from the hospital.MethodsSearch for published and unpublished articles were conducted using 10 databases: CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Scopus, Pubmed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Randomised Control Trial Registry Website, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Proquest Dissertation and Theses Global, using the keywords “suicide” AND “discharged,” AND “patients.” All articles printed in English and published from the year 1995 to August 2019 were included.ResultsA total of 23 articles were included in the meta‐analysis. Contact interventions significantly reduced suicidal attempts within (1) 12–14 months and (2) suicide ideations within 12 months. There were no significant findings on suicidal deaths.DiscussionA new finding of this meta‐analysis is that combining several brief contact interventions could potentially reduce suicidal attempts and ideations. This is important in preserving the lives of discharged patients.
Use of a telovelar approach for complete resection of a choroid plexus tumor in a dog
Authors: Antonakakis Markos G. , Carletti Beatrice E. , Anselmi Carlo , McGrath Stephanie , Minguez Juan J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe a telovelar approach to the fourth ventricle for excision of a choroid plexus tumor within the ventricle.AnimalA 3‐year‐old entire male Chihuahua.Study designCase reportMethodsA 3‐year‐old dog with two‐month history of progressive vestibular signs and subdued mentation was diagnosed with a fourth ventricle tumor. Gross total resection of the tumor was achieved through a telovelar approach to the fourth ventricle.ResultsComplete removal of the tumor was confirmed on immediate postoperative MRI. The dog recovered from the surgical procedure without complications, displaying some neurological deficits as preoperatively. His neurological examination was normal 2 weeks after surgery and remained so until the time of writing this case report (28 months) without additional treatment.ConclusionThe telovelar approach allowed complete excision of a choroid plexus tumor located in the fourth ventricle of the dog reported here.
A Computational Investigation of Microstructural Damage of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Under High Loading of the Knee Joint
Authors: Knapp Alexander , Williams Lakiesha N. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The anterior cruciate ligament plays a major role in maintaining the stability of the knee joint and is susceptible to injury under strenuous activity. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries can lead to joint instability and complications such as osteoarthritis. Despite this, there is a lack of material models capable of predicting damage at a localized fiber level, hindering our ability to understand how damage develops in real-time. This work develops a continuum-damage material model of the ACL and applies the model to a finite element simulation of the knee undergoing high quadriceps tendon loading. Using quadriceps tendon loadings of 1000, 1500, and 2000 N, the development of microstructural damage within the ACL tissue was examined, and the effects of localized damage on the joint kinematics were investigated. Damage tended to develop in the midsubstance of the ACL in the present model in the anterior medial bundle region and could induce significant changes in the joint kinematics. Using this model, new insights into the development of ACL injury mechanisms can be investigated.
A Computational Procedure to Derive the Curve of Carus for Childbirth Computational Modeling
Authors: Chen Sheng , Routzong Megan R. , Abramowitch Steven D. , Grimm Michele J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Computational modeling serves an important role in childbirth-related research. Prescribed fetal descent trajectory is a key characteristic in childbirth simulations. Two major types of fully prescribed fetal descent trajectories can be identified in the literature: straight descent trajectories and curve of Carus. The straight descent trajectory has the advantage of being simpler and can serve as a reasonable approximation for relatively small fetal movements during labor, but it cannot be used to simulate the entire childbirth process. The curve of Carus is the well-recognized fetal descent trajectory with physiological significance. However, no detailed procedure to geometrically define the curve of Carus can be found in existing computational studies. This status of curve of Carus simulation in the literature hinders the direct comparison of results across different studies and the advancement of computational techniques built upon previous research. The goals of this study are: (1) propose a universal approach to derive the curve of Carus for the second stage of labor, from the point when the fetal head engages the pelvis to the point when the fetal head is fully delivered; and (2) demonstrate its utility when considering various fetal head sizes. The current study provides a detailed formulation of the curve of Carus, considering geometries of both the mother and the fetus. The maternal geometries were obtained from MRI data, and the fetal head geometries were based on laser scanning of a replica of a real fetal head.
Optimization Method for Pneumatic Conveying Parameters and Energy Consumption Performance Analysis of a Compact Blow Tank
Authors: de Freitas Adriano Gomes , de Oliveira Vitor Furlan , dos Santos Ricardo Borges , Riascos Luis Alberto Martinez , Zou Ruiping 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Pneumatic conveying of powders is a unit process extensively used in industries for the handling of particulate material of several segments. Academic studies started with empirical dilute-phase pneumatic conveying and, in order to produce better economic results in industrial settings, evolved to include energy efficiency techniques as a significant component. Much work has been done to understand and model pneumatic conveying systems; however, they are highly empirical and the conclusions are, in most cases, limited to a narrow range of experimental conditions. This paper introduces a systematic method to select the air pressure and flow necessary to operate an energy-optimized pneumatic conveying system. This method has been tested and applied to a pressure conveyor fed by a compact blow tank of 100 L in a 133 m long pipeline with a diameter of 3 in. conveying limestone. The tests demonstrated that it is possible to control this pneumatic conveying system with only two input parameters, while operating at the desired pressure and airflow and maintaining the respective conveying rate and power requirements.