bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth performance and intestinal morphometric features of broiler chickens fed on dietary inclusion of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae powder
Authors: Sedgh‐Gooya Shadi , Torki Mehran , Darbemamieh Maryam , Khamisabadi Hassan , Abdolmohamadi Alireza 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundClimate change and the lack of conventional feed ingredients have made edible insects a highly nutritious alternative to feed production. The use of insects as food may help solve socio‐economic and environmental problems around the world and be in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.ObjectiveIn this study, the growth performance and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens were evaluated under the influence of adding different levels of Tenebrio molitor larvae meal (TM meal) to their diets.MethodsOne hundred and eighty one‐day‐old broiler chickens were divided into three treatments and five replications (12 chickens/pen). The experimental diets included a control diet and treatments containing 2.5% and 5% TM meal, which were fed to birds in the starter (0–10 days) and grower (11–25 days) stages, and during the final period (26–42 days), all birds were fed a regular finisher diet.ResultsThe results showed that the diet containing TM meal had no remarkable effect on the mortality rate and feed intake of broilers (p > 0.05). In the starter period, the addition of 2.5% TM meal to broilers’ diet increased body weight gain than the control group (p ≤ 0.05). Also, the use of 2.5% TM meal in the starter period showed a significant effect on reducing the feed conversion ratio, compared to the birds fed by the control diet (p ≤ 0.05). Besides, the height of the villus, the depth of the crypt and their ratio were not altered among the different treatments (p > 0.05).ConclusionsOverall, it can be concluded that TM meal could improve growth performance in the starter period and had no negative effects on broilers' performance and intestinal morphology in all the periods of the experiment.
Graphene Oxide‐Based Adsorbents for Organic‐Dyes Removal from Contaminated Water: A Review
Authors: Dieu Le Thu , Vinh Tran Hoang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPolluted organic dyes in water are considered as some of the most serious problems affecting humans. Adsorption techniques using traditional adsorbents such as clay, zeolite, silica, active carbon, and polymers are low cost, safe, and efficient for the treatment of organic dyes in contaminated water. However, traditional adsorbents usually have low adsorption capacity (qmax). To improve qmax, graphene oxide (GO) is considered as an excellent adsorption enhancer owing to its two‐dimensional single atomic layer material of sp2‐hybridised carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice structure with high surface area, high solubility, good chemical stability, strong mechanical strength, and excellent thermal stability. In this review, the synthesis and advantage results on improving the adsorption efficiency and qmaxwhen applying GO‐based nanocomposites as nanosorbents for organic‐dye removal are systematised and discussed in detail.
NLO JIMWLK evolution with massive quarks
Authors: Dai Lin , Lublinsky Michael 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
NLO evolution of the Jalilian-Marian-Iancu-McLerran-Weigert-Leonidov-Kovner (JIMWLK) equation with massless quarks was derived a few years ago. We make a step further to compute the evolution kernels focusing on the effects due to finite quark masses. To this goal, the light-cone wave function of a fast moving dilute hadronic projectile is computed up to $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(g3) in QCD coupling constant. Compared with the massless case, a new IR divergence emerges, which is eventually canceled by a mass dependent counter term. Our results extend the theoretical tools used in physics of gluon saturation and aim at improving precision in future phenomenological applications.
ALPINIST: Axion-Like Particles In Numerous Interactions Simulated and Tabulated
Authors: Jerhot Jan , Döbrich Babette , Ertas Fatih , Kahlhoefer Felix , Spadaro Tommaso 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProton beam dump experiments are among the most promising strategies to search for light and feebly interacting states such as axion-like particles (ALPs). The interpretation of these experiments is however complicated by the wide range of ALP models and the multitude of different production and decay channels that can induce observable signals. Here we propose a new approach to this problem by separating the calculation of constraints and projected sensitivities into model-independent and model-dependent parts. The former rely on extensive Monte Carlo simulations of ALP production and decays, as well as estimates of the detection efficiencies based on simplified detector geometries. Once these simulations have been performed and tabulated, the latter parts only require simple analytical rescalings that can be performed using the public code ALPINIST released together with this work. We illustrate this approach by considering several ALP models with couplings to Standard Model gauge bosons. For the case of ALPs coupled to gluons we show that the sensitivity of proton beam dump experiments can be extended significantly by considering hadronic ALP decays into three-body final states.
Ghrelin rapidly elevates protein synthesis in vitro by employing the rpS6K-eEF2K-eEF2 signalling axis
Authors: Zhdanov Alexander V. , Golubeva Anna V. , Yordanova Martina M. , Andreev Dmitry E. , Ventura-Silva Ana Paula , Schellekens Harriet , Baranov Pavel V. , Cryan John F. , Papkovsky Dmitri B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractActivated ghrelin receptor GHS-R1α triggers cell signalling pathways that modulate energy homeostasis and biosynthetic processes. However, the effects of ghrelin on mRNA translation are unknown. Using various reporter assays, here we demonstrate a rapid elevation of protein synthesis in cells within 15–30 min upon stimulation of GHS-R1α by ghrelin. We further show that ghrelin-induced activation of translation is mediated, at least in part, through the de-phosphorylation (de-suppression) of elongation factor 2 (eEF2). The levels of eEF2 phosphorylation at Thr56 decrease due to the reduced activity of eEF2 kinase, which is inhibited via Ser366 phosphorylation by rpS6 kinases. Being stress-susceptible, the ghrelin-mediated decrease in eEF2 phosphorylation can be abolished by glucose deprivation and mitochondrial uncoupling. We believe that the observed burst of translation benefits rapid restocking of neuropeptides, which are released upon GHS-R1α activation, and represents the most time- and energy-efficient way of prompt recharging the orexigenic neuronal circuitry.
Managing argon interference during measurements of 18O/16O ratios in O2 by continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry
Authors: Bopp Charlotte E. , Bolotin Jakov , Pati Sarah G. , Hofstetter Thomas B. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Monitoring changes in stable oxygen isotope ratios in molecular oxygen allows for studying many fundamental processes in bio(geo)chemistry and environmental sciences. While the measurement of $$^{18}$$

18

O/$$^{16}$$

16

O ratios of $$\mathrm {O}_{2}$$

O
2

in gaseous samples can be carried out conveniently and from extracting moderately small aqueous samples for analyses by continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry (CF-IRMS), oxygen isotope signatures, $$\updelta ^{18}$$

δ
18

O, could be overestimated by more than 6$$\permille$$
‱
because of interferences from argon in air. Here, we systematically evaluated the extent of such Ar interferences on $$^{18}$$

18

O/$$^{16}$$

16

O ratios of $$\mathrm {O}_{2}$$

O
2

for measurements by gas chromatography/IRMS and GasBench/IRMS and propose simple instrumental modifications for improved Ar and $$\mathrm {O}_{2}$$

O
2

separation as well as post-measurement correction procedures for obtaining accurate $$\updelta ^{18}$$

δ
18

O. We subsequently evaluated the consequences of Ar interferences for the quantification of O isotope fractionation in terms of isotope enrichment factors, $$\upepsilon _{\mathrm {O}}$$

ϵ
O

, and $$^{18}$$

18

O kinetic isotope effects ($$^{18}$$

18

O KIEs) in samples where $$\mathrm {O}_{2}$$

O
2

is consumed and Ar:$$\mathrm {O}_{2}$$

O
2

ratios increase steadily and substantially over the course of a reaction. We show that the extent of O isotope fractionation is overestimated only slightly and that this effect is typically smaller than uncertainties originating from the precision of $$\updelta ^{18}$$

δ
18

O measurements and experimental variability. Ar interferences can become more relevant and bias $$\upepsilon _{\mathrm {O}}$$

ϵ
O

values by more than $$2\permille$$

2
‱

in aqueous samples where fractional $$\mathrm {O}_{2}$$

O
2

conversion exceeds 90%. Practically, however, such samples would typically contain less than 25 $$\upmu$$
μ
M of $$\mathrm {O}_{2}$$

O
2

at ambient temperature, an amount that is close to the method detection limit of $$^{18}$$

18

O/$$^{16}$$

16

O ratio measurement by CF-IRMS.

Graphical abstract
Strategies to manage auxiliary pain medications in chronic pain trials: a topical review
Authors: Hasvik Eivind , Gran Jon Michael , Haugen Anne Julsrud , Grøvle Lars 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChronic pain trials commonly allow auxiliary pain medications such as rescue and concomitant analgesics in addition to the randomized treatment. Changes in auxiliary pain medications after randomization represent intercurrent events that may affect either the interpretation or the existence of the measurements associated with the clinical question of interest, complicating the assessment of treatment efficacy. In chronic pain trials, pain intensity typically varies and patients may take the auxiliary medications 1 day but not the next or increase and decrease the dosages temporarily while continuing their randomized study medication. This distinctive feature of auxiliary pain medications as an intercurrent event has received little attention in the literature. Further clarifications on how to manage these issues are therefore pressing. Here we provide perspectives on issues related to auxiliary pain medication-related intercurrent events in randomized controlled chronic pain trials considering the strategies suggested in the E9(R1) addendum to the ICH guideline on statistical principles for clinical trials.
Feasibility and Safety of Oral Nutritional Supplementation with High‐Density Liquid Diet After Total Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Yamada Takanobu , Hayashi Tsutomu , Fujikawa Hirohito , Kumazu Yuta , Nagasawa Shinsuke , Nakazono Masato , Kano Kazuki , Hara Kentaro , Watanabe Hayato , Komori Keisuke , Shimoda Yota , Takahashi Kosuke , Ogata Takashi , Oshima Takashi , Yoshikawa Takaki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionPatients requiring total gastrectomy for gastric cancer experience a decrease in food intake leading to severe body weight loss after surgery. This loss may be prevented using a high‐density liquid diet of high caloric content and minimal volume. This phase II study evaluated the feasibility and safety of a high‐density liquid diet (UpLead®; Terumo Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) after total gastrectomy.MethodsUpLead® (1 pack, 100 mL, 400 kcal/day) was administered after surgery for 28 days. The primary endpoint was the % relative dose intensity of 28 days of UpLead intake®. The secondary endpoint was % body weight loss at 1 and 3 months after surgery. The sample size was 35 considering expected and threshold values of 80 and 60%, respectively, with a one‐sided alpha error of 10% and statistical power of 80%.ResultsAmong 35 patients enrolled before surgery between April 2018 and December 2019, 29 patients who could initiate UpLead® after surgery were analyzed. Seven patients had interrupted UpLead® intake due to taste intolerance (n = 6) and due to a duodenal stump fistula (n = 1). The remaining 22 patients completed 28 days of UpLead® intake, including temporary interruption, with no associated adverse events. The median relative dose intensity was 25.8% (95% confidence interval: 20.6–42.0%). The median body weight loss at 1 and 3 months after surgery was 7.2% (range: 3.2–13.9%) and 13.1% (range: 2.5–20.4%), respectively.ConclusionsOral nutritional supplementation with a high‐density liquid diet (UpLead®) was safely administered but was not feasible after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Clinical trial registration number UMIN000032291.
Counting and optimising maximum phylogenetic diversity sets
Authors: Manson Kerry , Semple Charles , Steel Mike 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn conservation biology, phylogenetic diversity (PD) provides a way to quantify the impact of the current rapid extinction of species on the evolutionary ‘Tree of Life’. This approach recognises that extinction not only removes species but also the branches of the tree on which unique features shared by the extinct species arose. In this paper, we investigate three questions that are relevant to PD. The first asks how many sets of species of given size k preserve the maximum possible amount of PD in a given tree. The number of such maximum PD sets can be very large, even for moderate-sized phylogenies. We provide a combinatorial characterisation of maximum PD sets, focusing on the setting where the branch lengths are ultrametric (e.g. proportional to time). This leads to a polynomial-time algorithm for calculating the number of maximum PD sets of size k by applying a generating function; we also investigate the types of tree shapes that harbour the most (or fewest) maximum PD sets of size k. Our second question concerns optimising a linear function on the species (regarded as leaves of the phylogenetic tree) across all the maximum PD sets of a given size. Using the characterisation result from the first question, we show how this optimisation problem can be solved in polynomial time, even though the number of maximum PD sets can grow exponentially. Our third question considers a dual problem: If k species were to become extinct, then what is the largest possible loss of PD in the resulting tree? For this question, we describe a polynomial-time solution based on dynamical programming.
Neuropathologic scales of cerebrovascular disease associated with diffusion changes on MRI
Authors: Nguyen Aivi T. , Kouri Naomi , Labuzan Sydney A. , Przybelski Scott A. , Lesnick Timothy G. , Raghavan Sheelakumari , Reid Robert I. , Reichard R. Ross , Knopman David S. , Petersen Ronald C. , Jack Clifford R. , Mielke Michelle M. , Dickson Dennis W. , Graff-Radford Jonathan , Murray Melissa E. , Vemuri Prashanthi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSummarizing the multiplicity and heterogeneity of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) features into a single measure has been difficult in both neuropathology and imaging studies. The objective of this work was to evaluate the association between neuroimaging surrogates of CVD and two available neuropathologic CVD scales in those with both antemortem imaging CVD measures and postmortem CVD evaluation. Individuals in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging with MRI scans within 5 years of death (N = 51) were included. Antemortem CVD measures were computed from diffusion MRI (dMRI), FLAIR, and T2* GRE imaging modalities and compared with postmortem neuropathologic findings using Kalaria and Strozyk Scales. Of all the neuroimaging measures, both regional and global dMRI measures were associated with Kalaria and Strozyk Scales (p < 0.05) and modestly correlated with global cognitive performance. The major conclusions from this study were: (i) microstructural white matter injury measurements using dMRI may be meaningful surrogates of neuropathologic CVD scales, because they aid in capturing diffuse (and early) changes to white matter and secondary neurodegeneration due to lesions; (ii) vacuolation in the corpus callosum may be associated with white matter changes measured on antemortem dMRI imaging; (iii) Alzheimer’s disease neuropathologic change did not associate with neuropathologic CVD scales; and (iv) future work should be focused on developing better quantitative measures utilizing dMRI to optimally assess CVD-related neuropathologic changes.
Progressive loss of hearing and balance in superficial siderosis due to occult spinal dural defects
Authors: Halmagyi G. Michael , Parker Geoffrey D. , Chen Luke , Welgampola Miriam S. , Watson John D. G. , Barnett Michael H. , Todd Michael J. , El-Wahsh Shadi , Rose Victoria , Stoodley Marcus A. , Brennan Jeffrey W. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Superficial siderosis, a progressive, debilitating, neurological disease, often presents with bilateral impairment of auditory and vestibular function. We highlight that superficial siderosis is often due to a repairable spinal dural defect of the type that can also cause spontaneous intracranial hypotension.

Methods
Retrospective chart review of five patients presenting with moderate to severe, progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss as well as vestibular loss. All patients had developed superficial siderosis from spinal dural defects: three after trauma, one after spinal surgery and one from a thoracic discogenic microspur.

Results
The diagnosis was made late in all five patients; despite surgical repair in four, hearing and vestibular loss failed to improve.

Conclusions
In patients presenting with progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, superficial siderosis should be considered as a possible cause. If these patients also have bilateral vestibular loss, cerebellar impairment and anosmia, then the diagnosis is likely and the inevitable disease progress might be halted by finding and repairing the spinal dural defect.
Real-world treatment of German patients with recurrent and advanced endometrial cancer with a post-platinum treatment: a retrospective claims data analysis
Authors: Mevius Antje , Karl Florian , Wacker Margarethe , Welte Robert , Krenzer Stefanie , Link Theresa , Maywald Ulf , Wilke Thomas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the sixth most common malignancy among females worldwide. Due to limited therapeutic options, treatment of advanced or recurrent disease is associated with poor outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe the real-world treatment of patients with advanced or recurrent EC who received a systemic treatment following platinum-based chemotherapy.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study was based on anonymized German claims data covering the period between January 1, 2010, and June 30, 2020. Patients with EC who started an anticancer treatment following platinum-based chemotherapy were observed for a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Available claims data were used to describe patient characteristics, subsequent treatment lines, healthcare resource utilization, and overall survival (OS) of patients.

Results
Out of 713 patients with advanced or recurrent EC and who had received a platinum-based treatment, 201 (mean age: 68.9 years) with a post-platinum-based treatment were identified and observed. The median OS in this population was 335.0 days. Of the 201 patients, 79 patients (39.3%) received a second line of treatment (LOT), and 21 patients (10.4%) had 3 or more treatment lines. In the LOTs following platinum-based chemotherapy, more than 70 different treatment regimens were observed. The hospitalization rate was generally high, with 5.2 hospitalizations per patient-year in the follow-up period.

Conclusion
The wide variety of therapeutic regimens applied in patients in Germany who progressed after platinum-based therapy confirms the lack of therapeutic strategy for these patients, and the poor prognosis highlights the urgent need for new treatment strategies.
Machine learning-driven credit risk: a systemic review
Authors: Shi Si , Tse Rita , Luo Wuman , D’Addona Stefano , Pau Giovanni 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCredit risk assessment is at the core of modern economies. Traditionally, it is measured by statistical methods and manual auditing. Recent advances in financial artificial intelligence stemmed from a new wave of machine learning (ML)-driven credit risk models that gained tremendous attention from both industry and academia. In this paper, we systematically review a series of major research contributions (76 papers) over the past eight years using statistical, machine learning and deep learning techniques to address the problems of credit risk. Specifically, we propose a novel classification methodology for ML-driven credit risk algorithms and their performance ranking using public datasets. We further discuss the challenges including data imbalance, dataset inconsistency, model transparency, and inadequate utilization of deep learning models. The results of our review show that: 1) most deep learning models outperform classic machine learning and statistical algorithms in credit risk estimation, and 2) ensemble methods provide higher accuracy compared with single models. Finally, we present summary tables in terms of datasets and proposed models.
Synthesis and characterization of cobalt SCS pincer complexes
Authors: Pecak Jan , Käfer Matthias , Fleissner Sarah , Artner Werner , Kirchner Karl 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of two Co(II) complexes stabilized by a tridentate SCS pincer ligand are described. Paramagnetic [Co(κ3-SCSCH2-Et)2] and [Co(κ3-SCSCH2-tBu)(κ2-SCSCH2-tBu)] were obtained via transmetalation protocol from CoBr2 and S(C-Br)SCH2-R (R = Et, tBu). Oxidation of the latter with [Cp2Fe]PF6 affords the diamagnetic 18 VE complex [Co(κ3-SCSCH2-tBu)2]PF6. X-ray structures and DFT calculations are presented.
Graphical abstract
Well-developed spatial reversal learning abilities in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina)
Authors: Niesterok Benedikt , Martin Shanie , Hildebrand Lisa , Dehnhardt Guido , Hanke Frederike D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, behavioral plasticity in harbor seals was investigated in spatial reversal learning tasks of varying complexities. We started with a classic spatial reversal learning experiment with no more than one reversal per day. The seals quickly learned the task and showed progressive improvement over reversals, one seal even reaching one-trial performance. In a second approach, one seal could complete multiple reversals occurring within a session. Again, a number of reversals were finished with only one error occurring at the beginning of a session as in experiment 1 which provides evidence that the seal adopted a strategy. In a final approach, reversals within a session were marked by an external cue. This way, an errorless performance of the experimental animal was achieved in up to three consecutive reversals. In conclusion, harbor seals master spatial, in contrast to visual, reversal learning experiments with ease. The underlying behavioral flexibility can help to optimize behaviors in fluctuating or changing environments.