bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring 10 years of dissemination of the F‐words for Child Development: A multifaceted case study
Authors: Cross Andrea , Soper Alice Kelen , Tomas Vanessa , Grahovac Danijela , Brocklehurst Julie , Kay Diane , Baptiste Sue , Gorter Jan Willem , Rosenbaum Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is growing interest in exploring how to move research findings into practice. Since 2014, a team of families and researchers has been working to promote and study the dissemination of the “F‐words for Child Development” (Function, Family, Fitness, Fun, Friends, and Future). This case study describes our dissemination strategies and uses the Diffusion of Innovation theory to understand the factors contributing to the uptake of the F‐words—a function‐promoting, strengths‐based, and family‐centred innovation in child health and development.MethodsBetween November 2011 and November 2021, we collected data from multiple sources: our dissemination strategies, including affiliated documents/artefacts (e.g., videos and presentations) and evaluation data (e.g., surveys and Google/video analytics). We used a two‐step analysis: (1) a chronological time series to describe the processes involved along with indicators of dissemination over time (e.g., increase knowledge and awareness); and (2) Diffusion of Innovation theory to explore the factors that contributed to the uptake of the F‐words.ResultsMultifaceted dissemination strategies were essential to raise awareness and increase families' and service providers' knowledge of the F‐words. These included three primary strategies: (i) development and distribution of educational materials; (ii) presentations at educational meetings; and (iii) educational outreach visits. Additional strategies, such as the use of mass media, collaboration with early adopters/champions, and the involvement of family members further supported dissemination efforts. Diffusion of Innovation factors (innovation characteristics, time, social systems, and communication channels) all contributed to the uptake of this innovation.ConclusionsPurposeful planned dissemination practice, to increase knowledge and awareness of an innovation, is an important step in the knowledge translation process. Over a period of 10 years, through the use of multiple dissemination strategies conducted in partnership with families and service providers, the F‐words have spread globally. Diffusion of Innovation theory has served to help understand how and why the F‐words are being shared and adopted around the world.
The effect of female board representation on the level of ownership in foreign acquisitions
Authors: Askarzadeh Fatemeh , Lewellyn Krista , Islam Habib , Moghaddam Kaveh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractResearch Question/IssueHow female representation on corporate boards affects firm outcomes that have significant implications for stakeholders is a major corporate governance issue in the 21st century. We examine the effect of female director representation on acquirers' boards on the level of ownership in foreign acquisitions. We further test how the relationship is moderated by institutional distance, that is, the dissimilarities between host and home countries' institutional environments.Research Findings/InsightsUsing a sample of 1118 firm‐year observations in 48 countries from 1997 to 2016, we find that greater female representation on acquiring firms' boards is associated with lower levels of ownership in foreign acquisitions. In addition, we find that only firms with a critical mass of 30% or more women on the board prefer low ownership. We also find that institutional distance, measured as the Mahalanobis distance between countries based on the extracted factor of the regulative institutional profile for each country, magnifies the relationship.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsUsing the information economics perspective, we decompose acquisition risks into ex ante and ex post hazards. Then by integrating this perspective with gender role theory, we challenge the assumption of unidimensional risk attitudes of female directors. Thus, we contribute to the debate about how female directors affect firms' strategic choices. Further, our findings provide unique insights to international corporate governance research that focuses on how female representation on boards affects firm‐level outcomes. In addition, our finding that institutional difference moderates the effect of female directors highlights that institutional context should be considered for understanding boards' strategic roles.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsBoard nominating committees should match a firm's board composition to the desired acquisition strategy with respect to the types of risk they wish to undertake. The study also highlights the dilemma that female directors may face in balancing their managerial and gender roles and may assist firms in better addressing these concerns.
A case of histiocytoid angiosarcoma mimicking Rosai‐Dorfman disease histopathologically
Authors: Khurana Maya , Song David , No Daniel , Cassarino David S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere are very few documented cases of histiocytoid angiosarcoma in the literature. We report a rare case of histiocytoid angiosarcoma demonstrating emperipolesis, a histopathologic finding that mimics Rosai‐Dorfman disease (RDD). A 77‐year‐old male presented with a subcutaneous nodule on his left forehead. Microscopic examination of the tumor revealed a dense lymphohistiocytic and plasmacytic infiltrate with large epithelioid cells, many of which showed abundant pale eosinophilic to foamy‐appearing cytoplasm, and some of which displayed phagocytosis of intact inflammatory cells and erythrocytes. The tumor also showed significant cytologic atypia and pleomorphism. Immunohistochemical stains showed strong staining of the histiocytoid cells and focal anastomosing‐like vascular spaces for CD31 and ERG‐1, but were essentially negative for CD68, lysozyme, CD163, S100, and CD1a, consistent with a vascular endothelial tumor. This case expands the spectrum of findings that can be identified in angiosarcomas, and should help to prevent potential misdiagnosis as a less aggressive tumor such as RDD.
Reemployment of Kupffer’s vesicle cells into axial and paraxial mesoderm via transdifferentiation
Authors: Ikeda Takafumi , Inamori Kiichi , Kawanishi Toru , Takeda Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractKupffer's vesicle (KV) in the teleost embryo is a fluid‐filled vesicle surrounded by a layer of epithelial cells with rotating primary cilia. KV transiently acts as the left‐right organizer and degenerates after the establishment of left‐right asymmetric gene expression. Previous labelling experiments in zebrafish embryos indicated that descendants of KV‐epithelial cells are incorporated into mesodermal tissues after the collapse of KV. However, the overall picture of their differentiation potency had been unclear due to the lack of suitable genetic tools and molecular analyses. In the present study, we established a novel zebrafish transgenic line with a promoter of dand5, in which all KV‐epithelial cells and their descendants are specifically labelled until the larval stage. We found that KV‐epithelial cells undergo epithelial‐mesenchymal transition upon KV collapse and infiltrate into adjacent mesodermal progenitors, the presomitic mesoderm and chordoneural hinge. Once incorporated, the descendants of KV‐epithelial cells expressed distinct mesodermal differentiation markers and contributed to the mature populations such as the axial muscles and notochordal sheath through normal developmental process. These results indicate that differentiated KV‐epithelial cells possess unique plasticity in that they are reemployed into mesodermal lineages through transdifferentiation after they complete their initial role in KV.
An online intervention for 18–25‐year‐old youth whose parents have a mental illness and/or substance use disorder: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Maybery Darryl , Reupert Andrea , Bartholomew Catherine , Cuff Rose , Duncan Zoe , McAuliffe Caitlin , McLean Louise , Pettenuzzo Laura , Swing Alice , Foster Kim 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimYoung adults aged 18–25 whose parents have a mental illness or substance use problem can be vulnerable to multiple difficulties in adulthood. There are, however, few available interventions designed for this group. This study evaluated a 6 week online intervention (mi. spot; mental illness: supported, preventative, online, targeted) specifically designed for this population. The intervention aims to improve mental health and wellbeing.MethodsForty‐one young people, recruited from the community, participated in a two‐arm parallel randomized controlled trial where participants were randomized to mi. spot (n = 22) or a wait list control group (n = 19). They were assessed at baseline, immediately post intervention and at six weeks post intervention with measures covering depression, anxiety and stress, wellbeing, coping, general self‐efficacy, help seeking and social connectedness.ResultsIntervention participants reported significantly improved psychological wellbeing, coping, general self‐efficacy, and a reduction in anxiety. Participants in the control group reported significant improvements in emotional wellbeing and help seeking and a reduction in self‐blame.ConclusionThis pilot controlled trial supported previous findings and shows preliminary evidence that mi.spot is effective for young adults who grew up with parents who have a mental illness or substance use problem. A large‐scale, randomized controlled trial with a diverse group of young people is needed.
Diabetes: Risk factor and translational therapeutic implications for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Cummings Jeffrey , Ortiz Andrew , Castellino Janelle , Kinney Jefferson 
Published: February 2022

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) commonly co‐occur. T2DM increases the risk for AD by approximately twofold. Animal models provide one means of interrogating the relationship of T2DM to AD and investigating brain insulin resistance in the pathophysiology of AD. Animal models show that persistent hyperglycaemia results in chronic low‐grade inflammation that may contribute to the development of neuroinflammation and accelerate the pathobiology of AD. Epidemiological studies suggest that patients with T2DM who received treatment with specific anti‐diabetic agents have a decreased risk for the occurrence of AD and all‐cause dementia. Agents such as metformin ameliorate T2DM and may have other important systemic effects that lower the risk of AD. Glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) agonists have been associated with a decreased risk for AD in patients with T2DM. Both insulin and non‐insulin anti‐diabetic treatments have been evaluated for the treatment of AD in clinical trials. In most cases, patients included in the trials have clinical features of AD but do not have T2DM. Many of the trials were conducted prior to the use of diagnostic biomarkers for AD. Trials have had a wide range of durations and population sizes. Many of the agents used to treat T2DM do not cross the blood brain barrier, and the effects are posited to occur via lowering of peripheral hyperglycaemia and reduction of peripheral and central inflammation. Clinical trials of anti‐diabetic agents to treat AD are ongoing and will provide insight into the therapeutic utility of these agents.
Soils and topography control natural disturbance rates and thereby forest structure in a lowland tropical landscape
Authors: Cushman K.C. , Detto Matteo , García Milton , Muller‐Landau Helene C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTree mortality is a major control over tropical forest carbon stocks globally but the strength of associations between abiotic drivers and tree mortality within forested landscapes is poorly understood. Here, we used repeat drone photogrammetry across 1500 ha of forest in Central Panama over 5 years to quantify spatial variation in canopy disturbance rates and its predictors. We identified 11,153 canopy disturbances greater than 25 m2 in area, including treefalls, large branchfalls and standing dead trees, affecting 1.9% of area per year. Soil type, forest age and topography explained up to 46%–67% of disturbance rate variation at spatial grains of 58–64 ha, with higher rates in older forests, steeper slopes and local depressions. Furthermore, disturbance rates predicted the proportion of low canopy area across the landscape, and mean canopy height in old growth forests. Thus abiotic factors drive variation in disturbance rates and thereby forest structure at landscape scales.
The potential of soluble CD14 in discriminating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Nakamura Akihisa , Yamamoto Koji , Takeda Rei , Yamada Ren , Kubo Akinori , Morikawa Kenichi , Ando Sayaka , Shimazaki Tomoe , Izumi Takaaki , Umemura Machiko , Kitagataya Takashi , Shigesawa Taku , Suzuki Kazuharu , Kimura Megumi , Nakai Masato , Sho Takuya , Suda Goki , Natsuizaka Mitsuteru , Ogawa Koji , Ohnishi Shunsuke , Sugiyama Toshiro , Takeda Hiroshi , Sakamoto Naoya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsAlthough various noninvasive markers and prediction formulas for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have been reported, they are of value only in the diagnosis of the advanced fibrosis stage of NASH. In this study, we evaluated soluble CD14 (sCD14) as a diagnostic marker for discriminating NASH from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using an animal model and clinical specimens.MethodsSerum sCD14 levels were measured in samples derived from mice with diet‐induced NASH and patients using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Our cohort enrolled 126 patients with liver needle biopsy‐proven NAFLD.ResultsThe intestinal defense mechanism in NASH model mice was altered as a consequence of the unique gut environment. Elevated serum levels of sCD14 were observed in mice with diet‐induced NASH, and the condition of the liver was exacerbated as a result of exposure to gut‐derived endotoxin. We confirmed that the serum sCD14 levels in NAFL patients significantly differed from those in NASH patients. The area under the curve for distinguishing between NAFL and NASH was 0.891. Moreover, we found that serum sCD14 levels were weakly correlated with the inflammation grade based on the NAFLD activity score (NAS), the grade of fibrosis according to the Brunt fibrosis classification, and a positive correlation with the grade of ballooning based on NAS in patients with NAFLD.ConclusionsCD14 could be a useful pathophysiological marker and diagnostic adjunct distinguishing NASH from NAFLD. The use of sCD14 may allow the screening and identification of high‐risk groups for NASH development and support early therapeutic interventions.
Parents' perspectives on user participation and shared decision‐making in adolescents' inpatient mental healthcare
Authors: Bjønness Stig , Grønnestad Trond , Johannessen Jan O. , Storm Marianne 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundParents are a resource that can be of considerable importance in supporting their adolescents' recovery and shared decision‐making processes. However, involving both adolescents and their parents in treatment creates challenges. Understanding the roles of all decision stakeholders is vital to the implementation of shared decision‐making and delivery of high‐quality healthcare services.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to explore parents' experiences with adolescents' participation in mental health treatment and how parents perceive being involved in decision‐making processes.DesignThis was a qualitative study with a phenomenological, inductive design. Content analysis of data from qualitative interviews was performed.Setting and ParticipantsThis study took place in a Norwegian public healthcare setting. Twelve parents of adolescents who received treatment for severe mental illness participated.ResultsFour themes were identified: (1) self‐determined treatment, but within limits; (2) the essential roles of parents; (3) the need for information and support; and (4) the fight for individualized treatment and service coordination.ConclusionUser participation is vital in adolescent mental healthcare and parents play essential roles regarding the shared decision‐making process. However, user participation and shared decision‐making pose several dilemmas. Parental involvement in treatment decisions may be necessary when adolescents are mentally ill, but could simultaneously hinder those adolescents' empowerment and recovery. Cooperation among parents, adolescents and healthcare professionals can improve treatment engagement and adherence, but may be challenged by divergent interests. Health services should provide family‐oriented services to utilize the potential of parents as a resource and minimize conflicting interests.Patient or Public ContributionTwo adolescent user representatives participated in designing the study.
Reacting to Change within Change: Adaptive Leadership and the Peruvian Response to Venezuelan Immigration
Authors: Aron Said Valeria , Castillo Jara Soledad 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPeru is the second most important destination country for Venezuelan emigration. The country’s policy response can be separated into two distinct phases: the first one, under former president Pedro Pablo Kuczynski (July 2016–March 2018), is characterized by relative openness; the second one, under incumbent president Martín Vizcarra (in office since March 2018), is characterized by policy closure and a shift towards securitization. In this paper, we apply the concept of adaptive leadership to explain the stark difference in the migration‐related governance of both presidents. We find that the policy shift can be explained by an interplay between three factors: an internal political crisis due to conflict between the executive and legislative branches of government; the change in number and social profiles of Venezuelan migrants, with a tendency towards lower social, economic and educational statuses; and the rise in xenophobic attitudes among the Peruvian population.
Analysis of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae and classic Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in a Chinese hospital
Authors: Chen Dongjie , Zhang Yingrui , Wu Jiafang , Li Jun , Chen Han , Zhang Xiaoguang , Hu Xinlan , Chen Falin , Yu Rongguo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aims
To evaluate the clinical and genetic virulence characteristics of critically ill patients with hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) and classic KP (cKP) infection.

Methods and Results
The patients included in this retrospective study (n = 225) were grouped according to their hvKP (n = 114) or cKP (n = 111) status, and their clinical characteristics were analysed and compared. Cox multivariate analysis was conducted to determine the risk factors for hvKP infection. Length of hospital stay, length of intensive care unit stay, duration of mechanical ventilation and 28-day survival rate were similar between the groups. However, the incidence of septic shock was higher in the hvKP group (16.7%) than in the cKP group (8.1%).

Conclusions
There was a high rate of hvKP infection in this population. Compared to patients with cKP infection, those with hvKP infection showed a higher probability of having septic shock; nevertheless, survival and length of hospital stay were similar between the groups. Risk factors for hvKP infection included hospital-acquired infection and renal insufficiency.

Significance and Impact of the Study
This study presents relevant information on the characteristics of hvKP infection in a Chinese population, and this promotes early diagnosis and supports the view that the prevalence of hvKP is high in China.
Antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes inSalmonella entericaserovars isolated from droppings of layer chicken in two farms in Nigeria
Authors: Shittu Olufunke B. , Uzairue Leonard I. , Ojo Olufemi E. , Obuotor Tolulope M. , Folorunso Jamiu B. , Raheem-Ademola Ramota R. , Olanipekun Grace , Ajose Theresa , Medugu Nubwa , Ebruke Bernard , Obaro Stephen K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the isolation rate, antibiotic resistance and virulence genes of Salmonella enterica serovar from two commercial farms in Nigeria.Methods and ResultsSalmonella isolation was performed according to the United States Food and Drug Agency (USFDA) method. Serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, detection of resistance and virulence genes were done using the Kauffman–White Scheme, disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration and real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques. Salmonella serovars were isolated from only farm A at 22/50 (44.0%) while none were isolated from farm B. Salmonella Typhi, 9 (40.9%); Salmonella Typhimurium, 2 (9.1%), Salmonella Enteritidis, 2 (9.1%), Salmonella Pullorum, 1 (4.5%), Salmonella Kentucky, 4 (18.2%) were identified while 4 (18.2%) were untypable. Sixteen isolates (72.7%) showed multiple drug resistance and 17 different resistance profile types with AMP-CHL-TRM-SXT as the most prevalent pattern. Resistance genes (blaTEM, 12/22 (54.5%) and virulence genes (InvA, sopB, mgtC and spi4D, 22/22 (100.0%), ssaQ, 16/22 (72.7%) and spvC, 13/22 (59.1%) were found, while blaSHV, blaCTX-M, floR, tetA, tetB, tetG and LJSGI-1 genes were absent.ConclusionPathogenic Salmonella were isolated from the chicken droppings in this study. Most of these strains were resistant to antibiotics and possessed characteristics of virulence.Significance and Impact of the StudyChicken droppings from this study area contained pathogenic strains of Salmonella and a rare occurrence of Salmonella Typhi. The study revealed that the environment and the food chain could be at risk of contamination of highly virulent and antimicrobial-resistant strains of Salmonella. These could affect the profitability of the poultry industry and food consumption. There is a need for caution in indiscriminate disposal of poultry waste and the use of uncomposted chicken droppings in soil amendment.