bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalytic Boosting Bidirectional Polysulfide Redox using Co0.85Se/C Hollow Structure for High‐Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhang Xingyuan , Gu Honghui , Shen Chao , Wei Bingqing , Wang Jian‐Gan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAchieving effective adsorption and fast conversion of soluble polysulfides confined in the sulfur cathode is critical yet challenging for building high‐performance lithium‐sulfur batteries. Herein, we construct a unique hollow‐structured Co0.85Se/C as a separator modifier (CSPP) to effectively suppress the polysulfide shuttle effect. The Co0.85Se/C demonstrates strong anchoring with polysulfide species and smooth bidirectional electrocatalysis. The unique mesoporous hollow architecture affords sufficient catalytic sites and Li+ diffusion channels for promoting the reaction kinetics. Benefiting from the merits, the CSPP‐cell could yield a superior electrochemical utilization of active sulfur, excellent rate capability (679 mAh g−1 at 5 C), and stable cycling performance with an ultralow fading rate of 0.056 % per cycle over 500 cycles. The work highlights great promise of developing cobalt‐based materials as kinetic regulators for highly stable lithium‐sulfur batteries.
Preparation of cellulose derivative bearing bulky 4‐(2‐benzothienyl)phenylcarbamate substituents as chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation
Authors: Wang Fan , Wang Yuqing , Min Yixuan , Li Junqing , Zhang Lili , Zheng Ting , Shen Jun , Okamoto Yoshio 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA novel cellulose derivative bearing bulky 4‐(2‐benzothienyl)phenylcarbamate substituents (Cel‐1) was readily synthesized by carbamoylation followed by Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction. The corresponding coated‐type chiral stationary phase (CSP) was prepared on basis of the derivative, and its chiral recognition ability was then evaluated by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The chiral recognition ability of the cellulose derivative was greatly influenced by introduction of the bulky benzothienyl pendants on the aromatic moieties of phenylcarbamates, compared with its analog with smaller groups. Many racemates, including the metal tris(acetylacetonate) complexes, chiral drug, and the analyte with axial chirality, were sufficiently separated with good enantioselectivities on Cel‐1. Some of them were even higher than those on the commercially powerful Chiralcel OD, which is also a coated‐type CSP derived from cellulose phenylcarbamate derivative containing smaller 3,5‐dimethyl pendants. The 1H NMR and circular dichroism (CD) spectra of Cel‐1 indicated that the obtained derivative possessed a regular higher order structure, and a strong cotton effect was observed within the absorption range of π‐conjugated pendant at 350–500 nm. Impressively, the cellulose derivative bearing the bulky 4‐(2‐benzothienyl)phenylcarbamates exhibited good enantioselective fluorescence quenching behavior to the enantiomer pair of 1‐phenylethylamine, probably suggesting its potential for the application as a chiral fluorescent sensor with high efficiency. The combination of the arrangement of bulky π‐conjugated benzothienyl pendants on the phenylcarbamate moieties surrounding the helical backbone and the regular higher order structure of the polymer itself probably played a key role for this high chiral fluorescent recognition ability of Cel‐1. The interaction sites of bulky 4‐(2‐benzothienyl)phenylcarbamate pendants in its excited state can exhibit higher enantioselective discrimination via fluorescent response to the chiral compound Q1, whereas the chiral recognition ability of Cel‐1 to the same compound in the ground state had no clear improvement.
Reliability analysis and optimization of computer communication network based on genetic algorithm
Authors: Song Bihui 
Published: February 2022

SummaryIn this paper, the design of reliable communication network is solved by genetic algorithm. In order to solve this problem, we must first provide the lowest acceptable network reliability. There are many methods to satisfy the network reliability constraints. The penalty function may produce an invalid solution, so it is not suitable to solve the problem. In order to overcome these difficulties, this paper proposes a heuristic repair method, which is based on the number of spanning trees in the graph. Compared with the heuristic maintenance method with lower cost, this method can generate a better solution with less computation. When the population size is 25, the hybridization rate is 0.96, and the mutation rate is 0.07, the best results can be obtained. This paper analyzes the node fault, grasps the influence rule of the fault on the network, and improves the network reliability. This paper summarizes and classifies the failure modes of communication network nodes. Combined with the classic BA network model in the complex network theory, through the simulation design of MATLAB and OPNET, the influence of node function failure and performance failure on network reliability is studied.
Multi‐source information art painting fusion interactive 3D dynamic scene virtual reality technology application research
Authors: Pan JunHong , Deng Xi 
Published: February 2022

SummaryArt painting is a very important major in China's education system. Under the background of the new era, the country vigorously promotes the modernization of education and the development of intelligence. Many subjects of teaching have been more mature and carried out intelligent teaching based on virtual reality technology. But throughout the art painting profession, the research on this aspect is almost blank. The main reason is that there are deep academic barriers between art painting and computer science. Therefore, this paper puts forward the application research of multi‐source information art painting fusion interactive 3D dynamic scene virtual reality technology. This paper deeply analyzes the needs of art painting and its teaching reform and believes that the existing virtual reality technology cannot adapt to the teaching environment of art painting. In view of the possible inaccurate calculation and other problems, this paper puts forward the optimization scheme. The core of the scheme is to use the information integration advantages of multi‐source information fusion to provide more comprehensive and complete object information for 3D modeling of virtual reality technology, so as to improve the imaging quality of virtual reality technology. In order to meet the requirement of high precision, the calculation method is optimized, the calculation steps are simplified, and the sensor selection is optimized again. This paper introduces the design principle and operation steps of the optimization method in detail. In order to further verify the actual effect of this method, comparative analysis method is used to test the comprehensive performance. In order to ensure the test quality, the median filtering algorithm and fuzzy algorithm are compared. Through the analysis and comparison of the data, the optimization method in this paper greatly improves the accuracy of calculation and the comprehensive performance is improved.
Associations of the HOMA2‐%B and HOMA2‐IR with progression to diabetes and glycaemic deterioration in young and middle‐aged Chinese
Authors: Fan Baoqi , Wu Hongjiang , Shi Mai , Yang Aimin , Lau Eric S. H. , Tam Claudia H. T. , Mao Dandan , Lim Cadmon K. P. , Kong Alice P. S. , Ma Ronald C. W. , Chow Elaine , Luk Andrea O. Y. , Chan Juliana C. N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimsInsulin deficiency (ID) and resistance (IR) contribute to progression from normal glucose tolerance to diabetes to insulin requirement although their relative contributions in young‐onset diabetes is unknown.MethodsWe examined the associations of HOMA2 using fasting plasma glucose and C‐peptide in Chinese aged 20–50 years with (1) progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in participants without diabetes in a community‐based cohort (1998–2013) and (2) glycaemic deterioration in patients with T2D in a clinic‐based cohort (1995–2014). We defined ID as HOMA2‐%B below median and insulin IR as HOMA2‐IR above median.ResultsDuring 10‐year follow‐up, 62 (17.9%) of 347 community‐dwelling participants progressed to T2D. After 8.6 years, 291 (48.1%) of 609 patients with T2D had glycaemic deterioration. At baseline, progressors for T2D had higher HOMA2‐IR, while in patients with T2D, progressors for glycaemic deterioration had higher HOMA2‐IR and lower HOMA2‐%B than non‐progressors. The non‐ID/IR group and the ID/IR group had an adjusted odds ratios of 2.47 (95% CI: 1.28, 4.94) and 5.36 (2.26, 12.79), respectively, for incident T2D versus the ID/non‐IR group. In patients with T2D, 50% of the ID/IR group required insulin at 6.7 years versus around 11 years in the non‐ID/IR or ID/non‐IR, and more than 15 years in the non‐ID/non‐IR group. Compared with the latter group, the adjusted hazard ratios were 2.74 (1.80, 4.16) in the ID/non‐IR, 2.73 (1.78, 4.19) in the non‐ID/IR and 4.46 (2.87, 6.91) in the ID/IR group (p‐interaction = 0.049).ConclusionsIn young Chinese adults, IR and ID contributed to progression to T2D and glycaemic deterioration.
Felswärmeeintrag belüfteter Tunnelbauwerke
Authors: Carstens Volker , Ilg Ludwig , Pospisil Petr 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPredicting the heat input from rock is particularly important for climatic conditions in long tunnels during the construction phase because, although other heat sources are present, this often has the greatest impact on the amount of heat transferred to the air in tunnels with a high rock overburden. Correctly predicting the time‐dependent rate at which the excavated tunnel tube cools is of fundamental importance, as this determines the amount of cooling power required to maintain the working climate. Two different rock heat calculation methods will be presented here: an analytical method based on a series development and a method based on solving the heat conduction equation using a numerical method.
Characteristics and testing of two‐component grout in tunnelling applications
Authors: Todaro Carmine , Martinelli Daniele , Boscaro Alessandro , Carigi Andrea , Saltarin Simone , Peila Daniele 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTwo‐component grout is nowadays the most popular backfilling technique, used widely in rock or soil thanks to its versatility and the undoubted advantages for operatives compared to other backfilling technologies. Despite its intensive adoption in shielded tunnelling projects, very poor and often fragmented information is available, especially on the engineering properties used for the mix design calibration (design phase) and secondly on construction sites as the acceptance protocol (operative phase). In this work, starting from real construction sites data, an analysis has been performed in order to determine the intrinsic characteristics of the two‐component grout technology. Moreover, the most frequently used engineering parameters have been identified to characterise both component A and the hardened grout, correlated with their usage frequency. The outcomes illustrate that although at the current time different choices are made at different construction sites, a pattern of tests has been recognised, that can be considered as a significant cornerstone for the characterisation of two‐component grout.
3D thermo‐hydro‐mechanical simulation of the behaviour of a naturally fractured petrothermal reservoir in deep Upper Jurassic carbonates of the Bavarian Molasse Basin – Case study Geretsried
Authors: Meneses Rioseco Ernesto , Dussel Michael , Moeck Inga S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBased on multi‐scale and multi‐disciplinary measured data, gathered at the Geretsried geothermal site, a 3D reservoir model of the deep and fracture‐controlled Upper Jurassic carbonates in the North Alpine Foreland Basin is generated in this work. An efficient methodology is developed to numerically simulate the coupled reservoir processes of fluid flow, heat transport and thermoporoelastic stresses resulting from possible geothermal doublet operating schemes with cold fluid injection and production profiles in an enhanced naturally fractured reservoir. A variety of numerical experiments is conducted to study the reactivation potential and dilation tendency of the fracture and fault system. Simulation results show the spatiotemporal evolution of the thermoporoelastic stresses and the zone affected after 50 years of geothermal doublet operation. From these simulations, the thermoelastic response of a geothermal doublet operating with 60 °C fluid injection temperature and 20 l/s flow rate translates into a maximum induced thermal stress of around 49.4 MPa near the injection well. In terms of a long‐term reservoir performance and fault and fracture reactivation potential, the findings reveal a negligible risk to a sustainable geothermal doublet operation.
Porous CDHA microspheres laden brushite‐based injectable bone substitutes for improved bone regeneration
Authors: Thao Le Thi Thanh , Makkar Preeti , Tripathi Garima , Lee Byong‐Taek 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPorous CDHA microspheres were incorporated into innovative injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) to enhance the rate of degradation and bioactivity of bone regeneration. With varying content of CDHA microspheres, the final setting time varied between 12 and 17 min, which is adequate for surgeons to accomplish the implantation. Compressive strength ranged between 6 and 8 MPa, until the addition of porous CDHA microsphere into CPC reached 20 vol %, but decreased dramatically after 30 vol % addition. Therefore, CPC with 20 vol % addition of porous CDHA microspheres was found appropriate for in vitro degradation and cytocompatibility studies. Histological assessment identified new bone formation around the injected bone substitute without significant inflammatory reactions. In vivo analysis of rat femoral defects revealed a threefold higher bone formation in CPC/CDHA 20 vol % than in CPC, due to the more cell migration and penetration into CPC by the existence of porous CDHA microspheres. Based on the promising results obtained, this novel injectable bone substitute may be useful in bone regeneration.
Altered features of body composition in older adults with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes compared with matched controls
Authors: Bell Kirsten E. , Paris Michael T. , Avrutin Egor , Mourtzakis Marina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAgeing is accompanied by muscle loss and fat gain, which may elevate the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, there is a paucity of data on the distribution of regional lean and fat tissue in older adults with T2D or prediabetes compared with healthy controls. The objective of this study was to compare regional body composition [by dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA)], muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thicknesses (by ultrasound), and ultrasound‐based muscle texture features in older adults with T2D or prediabetes compared with normoglycaemic controls.MethodsEighteen adults > 60 years with T2D or prediabetes (T2D group) were individually matched to normoglycaemic participants [healthy matched (HM) group] for age (±5 years), sex, and body fat (±2.5%). In a single study visit, all participants received a whole‐body DXA scan and ultrasound assessment of the abdomen and anterior thigh. At these two landmarks, we used ultrasound to measure muscle and SAT thickness, as well as texture features of the rectus femoris and rectus abdominis. We also conducted an exploratory subanalysis on a subset of participants (n = 14/18 in the T2D group and n = 10/18 in the HM group) who underwent additional assessments including strength testing of the knee extensors (using a Biodex dynamometer), and a fasting blood sample for the measurement of circulating markers of glucose metabolism [glucose, insulin, c‐peptide, and the homoeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR)].ResultsThe T2D group was 72 ± 8 years old (mean ± SD), predominantly male (n = 15/18; 83%), and overweight (BMI: 27.8 ± 4.2 kg/m2, 33.2 ± 5.3% body fat). DXA‐derived upper arm lean mass was 0.4 kg greater (P = 0.034), and leg fat mass was 1.4 kg lower (P = 0.048), in the T2D vs. HM group. Ultrasound‐based texture features were distinct between the groups [rectus abdominis blob size: 0.07 ± 0.06 vs. 0.30 ± 0.43 cm2, P = 0.045; rectus femoris local binary pattern (LBP) entropy: 4.65 ± 0.05 vs. 4.59 ± 0.08 A.U., P = 0.007]. When all participants who underwent additional assessments were pooled (n = 24), we observed that certain ultrasound‐based muscle texture features correlated significantly with muscle strength (rectus abdominis histogram skew vs. power during an isokinetic contraction at 60°/s: r = 0.601, P = 0.003) and insulin resistance (rectus femoris LBP entropy vs. HOMA‐IR: r = 0.419, P = 0.042).ConclusionsOur findings suggest a novel body composition phenotype specific to older adults with T2D or prediabetes. We are also the first to report that ultrasound‐based texture features correspond with functional outcomes. Future larger scale studies are needed to uncover the mechanisms underpinning these regional body composition differences.
Ex vivo platelet morphology assessment of chronic myeloid leukemia patients before and after Imatinib treatment
Authors: Repsold Lisa , Pool Roger , Karodia Mohammed , Tintinger Gregory , Joubert Anna Margaretha 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disease and the first line treatment is through the administration of Imatinib, a first generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Thrombocytosis and bleeding irregularities are common in CML, however, the morphological variations in CML patients' platelets are not well documented. In this study, ex vivo platelet morphology of control participants, as well as CML patients were assessed before and after Imatinib treatment. The topographical and structural morphology of platelets were determined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Qualitative data of SEM and TEM revealed that CML patient's platelets were prone to aggregation and coagulation at time of diagnosis; the samples that were not aggregated at time of diagnosis showed typical discoid shaped platelets, which was comparable to control participants' platelets. TEM results of CML patients' platelets at diagnosis showed that internal granular constituents including dense bodies were decreased in comparison to control participants. In all CML patients, platelets appeared activated after 6 months of treatment with Imatinib with membrane structure abnormalities and constituent variations. Research to date has primarily focused on the effects of CML on leukocyte populations, however, the results of the current study implicate the impact of CML pathogenesis on platelets, seemingly as a result of alterations in normal hematopoiesis. In addition, the impact of Imatinib treatment on platelet morphology was also established, indicating an increase in platelet activation. Recognizing and understanding the impact of CML disease progression on platelets is of importance to aid improved patient treatment.Research Highlights
In the study, results from SEM and TEM indicated that CML patient's platelets were prone to aggregation at time of diagnosis, and activation after Imatnib treatment.
Platelet samples that did not aggregate had decreased internal granular constituents.
Impact of aspirin on bleeding and blood product usage in off‐pump and on‐pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Little Christopher , Odho Zain , Szydlo Richard , Aw Tuan‐Chen , Laffan Mike , Arachchillage Deepa R. J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMajor bleeding is linked to poorer outcomes following cardiac surgery. Current guidelines recommend continuation of aspirin prior to coronary artery by‐pass graft (CABG) but the effect of continuing aspirin in patients with prior indication for aspirin, in particular during off‐pump CABG (OPCABG), has not been systematically assessed. In this study, we analysed the effect of continuing aspirin prior to OPCABG and on‐pump CABG with respect to bleeding and blood product usage. We compared propensity‐matched cohorts of patients who continued aspirin until the day of OPCABG or CABG to controls (no antiplatelet) and to patients discontinuing aspirin 5–7 days prior. Length of hospital stay, 30‐day mortality and thromboembolism rates were similar for both OPCABG and CABG. During OPCABG, aspirin‐continued patients received more intraoperative red cell units compared to controls without difference in bleeding. Aspirin‐continued patients received more blood products perioperatively and bled more than aspirin‐discontinued patients undergoing OPCABG. The only difference during CABG was a small increase in the volume of cells salvaged among aspirin‐continued patients compared to controls. Current guidelines on the continuation of aspirin prior to CABG and OPCABG are safe. Continuation of aspirin prior to OPCABG may result in more bleeding and blood product usage.
Elevation gradient dependence of extreme climate indices on Yunnan Plateau, China
Authors: Yan Wenbo , He Yunling , Qu Xinxing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe acceleration of global warming leads to frequent extreme weather events. The sensitivity of high‐elevation regions to global warming makes their extremes more prominent. Based on the software Rclimdex1.0, 15 extreme climate indices from 120 meteorological stations in Yunnan from 1960 to 2019 were calculated. Trend analysis, correlation analysis, and cross‐correlation analysis were used to investigate the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of these extreme climate indices. The results showed that, except CDD, other extreme precipitation indices were negatively correlated with the increase of elevation. The extreme warming indices (SU25, WSDI, TX90p, TN90p) showed an increasing trend with the increase of elevation, while the extreme cold indices (CSDI, FD0, TX10p, TN10p) showed a decreasing trend with the increase of elevation. The rate of nocturnal warming at high elevations is higher than that at low elevations. The change rate of extreme warmth indices (SU25, WSDI, TX90p, TN90p) and extreme cold indices (FD0, CSDI, TX10p, TN10p) was negatively correlated (p < .05) in all elevation ranges, and this correlation was most significant in the elevation range of 1,500–2,000 m. These results highlight that the rate of drying and warming at higher elevations is higher than that at lower elevations, providing case support and scientific basis for sensitivity of high‐altitude regions to extreme climate.
Identification of a novel probiotic and its protective effects on NAFLD via modulating gut microbial community
Authors: Geng Weitao , Zhang Yang , Yang Jingnan , Zhang Jing , Zhao Jingqi , Wang Jinju , Jia Longgang , Wang Yanping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most common progressive liver diseases. Therapeutic strategy based on gut‐liver axis and probiotics is a promising approach for the treatment of NAFLD. However, rare probiotics have been applied in NAFLD treatment, and the involved molecular mechanism is not entirely clear.RESULTSWe initially identified a novel functional probiotic, Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens ZW3, on the lipid deposition by a simple and rapid zebrafish model. Supplementation with ZW3 to the methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet induced NAFLD rats could improve the liver impairments and reduce inflammation through TLR4‐MyD88 and JNK signaling pathways. Moreover, ZW3 modulated gut microbiota by promoting relative abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus, decreasing the abundance of Escherichia‐Shigella and Bacteroides. Functional prediction of microbiome showed ZW3 presented potential enhancement on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, cell process control and signal transduction processes, and reduced several human diseases.CONCLUSIONThis present study identified a novel probiotic and its protective effects on NAFLD, and interpreted the interactions of ZW3 with the immune system and gut microbiota involved in gut‐liver axis. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.