bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antidepressants promote the spread of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes via transformation
Authors: Lu Ji , Ding Pengbo , Wang Yue , Guo Jianhua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The development of antibiotic resistance as an unavoidable consequence of the application of antimicrobials is a significant concern for human health. Antidepressants are being increasingly consumed globally. Human gut microbial communities are frequently exposed to antidepressants, yet little is known about the interaction between antidepressants and antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to investigate whether antidepressants can accelerate the dissemination of antibiotic resistance by increasing the rate of the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Results demonstrated that some of the commonly-prescribed antidepressants (Duloxetine, Sertraline, Fluoxetine and Bupropion) at clinically relevant concentrations can significantly (n = 9; padj &lt; 0.01) promote the transformation of extracellular ARGs into Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1 for a maximum of 2.3-fold, which is primarily associated with the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. The increased cell membrane permeability and porosity, stimulated transcription and translation of competence, SOS response, universal stress response and ATP synthesis-related genes are also associated with antidepressants-enhanced transformation. This study demonstrated that some antidepressants can speed up the spread of antibiotic resistance by promoting the transformation of ARGs, which emphasizes the necessity to assess the potential risks of antidepressants in spreading antibiotic resistance during clinical antidepressant applications.
Rare‐earth composite as optical upconversion temperature sensor
Authors: Xie Wan Ying , Zhang Peng , Lai Hong Fang , Lai Yin Ling , Tiu Zian Cheak 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, rare‐earth composite as an optical upconversion temperature dual mode sensing is practically demonstrated. NaGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+/Zn2+ phosphor was synthesized by the solvothermal method. The phase purity, crystal structure and morphologies were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The enhancement of upconversion luminescence is achieved by aliovalent doping in Zn2+ co‐doped NaGdF4: Yb3+/Er3+ phosphors. The temperature sensing behaviours based on the luminescence intensity and luminescence lifetime in phosphors are recorded in the temperature range from 75 to 297 K, and the maximum sensitivity is obtained as 13.4 × 10−3 K−1 at 75 K and 2.52 × 10−3 K−1 at 225 K, respectively.
The magneto-rotational instability in massive stars
Authors: Griffiths Adam , Eggenberger Patrick , Meynet Georges , Moyano Facundo , Aloy Miguel-Á. 
Published: July 2022

Context. The magneto-rotational instability (MRI) has been proposed as a mechanism to transport angular momentum (AM) and chemical elements in theoretical stellar models.
Aims. Using as a prototype a massive star of 15 M⊙ with solar metallicity, we explore the effects of the MRI on the evolution of massive stars.
Methods. We used the Geneva Stellar Evolution Code to simulate the evolution of various models, up to the end of oxygen burning, including the MRI through effective, one-dimensional, diffusion coefficients. We consider different trigger conditions (depending on the weighting of chemical gradients through an arbitrary but commonly used factor) and different treatments of meridional circulation as either advective or diffusive. We also compare the MRI with the Tayler-Spruit (TS) dynamo in models that included both instabilities.
Results. The MRI triggers throughout stellar evolution. Its activation is highly sensitive to the treatment of meridional circulation and the existence of chemical gradients. The MRI is very efficient at transporting both matter and AM, leading to noticeable differences in rotation rates and chemical structure, which may be observable in young main sequence stars. While the TS dynamo is the dominant mechanism for transferring AM, the MRI remains relevant in models where both instabilities are included. Extrapolation of our results suggests that models that include the MRI tend to develop more compact cores, which likely produce failed explosions and black holes, than models where only the TS dynamo is included (where explosions and neutron stars may be more frequent).
Conclusions. The MRI can be an important factor in massive star evolution but is very sensitive to the implementation of other processes in the model. The transport of AM and chemical elements due to the MRI alters the rotation rates and the chemical makeup of the star from the core to the surface and may change the explodability properties of massive stars.
The Effect of Digitization on the Safe Management of Anticoagulants
Authors: Austin Jodie A. , Barras Michael A. , Woods Leanna S. , Sullivan Clair M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Anticoagulants are high-risk medications and are a common cause of adverse events of hospitalized inpatients. The incidence of adverse events involving anticoagulants has remained relatively unchanged over the past two decades, suggesting that novel approaches are required to address this persistent issue. Electronic medication management systems (eMMSs) offer strategies to help reduce medication incidents and adverse drug events, yet poor system design can introduce new error types.
Objective Our objective was to evaluate the effect of the introduction of an electronic medical record (EMR) on the quality and safety of therapeutic anticoagulation management.
Methods A retrospective, observational pre-/poststudy was conducted, analyzing real-world data across five hospital sites in a single health service. Four metrics were compared 1-year pre- and 1-year post-EMR implementation. They included clinician-reported medication incidents, toxic pathology results, hospital-acquired bleeding complications (HACs), and rate of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Further subanalyses of patients experiencing HACs in the post-EMR period identified key opportunities for intervention to maximize safety and quality of anticoagulation within an eMMS.
Results A significant reduction in HACs was observed in the post-EMR implementation period (mean [standard deviation [SD]] =12.1 [4.4]/month vs. mean [SD] = 7.8 [3.5]/month; p = 0.01). The categorization of potential EMR design enhancements found that new automated clinical decision support or improved pathology result integration would be suitable to mitigate future HACs in an eMMS. There was no significant difference in the mean monthly clinician-reported incident rates for anticoagulants or the rate of toxic pathology results in the pre- versus post-EMR implementation period. A 62.5% reduction in the cases of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia was observed in the post-EMR implementation period.
Conclusion The implementation of an EMR improves clinical care outcomes for patients receiving anticoagulation. System design plays a significant role in mitigating the risks associated with anticoagulants and consideration must be given to optimizing eMMSs.
The Effects of Cannabis Use during Pregnancy on Low Birth Weight and Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Baía Inês , Domingues Rosa M. S. M. 
Published: July 2022

Objective Our objective was to summarize the literature regarding the effects of cannabis use during pregnancy on low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PTB), and small for gestational age (SGA).
Study Design This is a systematic review and meta-analysis. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, and Web of Science in May 2021 and updated in November 2021. Only studies that assessed the isolated use of cannabis during pregnancy, controlling for cigarette smoking, and other illicit drug use were included. Data were synthesized using a narrative summary and pooled adjusted estimates, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for each outcome. Data were analyzed using Stata 13.0 with METAN software package, using random effects. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and Higgins I2 tests.
Results In total, 32 studies were included with data from approximately 5.5 million women with the LBW outcome and 23 million with the PTB and SGA outcomes. Pregnant women using cannabis are at increased risk for LBW (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.52; 95% CI = [1.18; 1.96]), PTB (aOR = 1.39; 95% CI = [1.28; 1.51]), and SGA (aOR = 1.47; 95% CI = [1.38; 1.58]). Studies that assessed the type of PTB and gestational age at birth indicate higher risks of spontaneous PTB and of early or very-early PTBs associated with cannabis use during pregnancy. The few studies that assessed the timing and frequency of consumption suggest a dose–response effect, with higher odds of negative outcomes among women who reported heavy use and with continued use during the second and third trimesters of gestation.
Conclusion There is an effect of cannabis irrespective of other illicit drugs and tobacco despite high heterogeneity and low quality of evidence. There is a need to discuss public policies regarding cannabis' regulation and how it influences its consumption. Future studies should focus on the effects of cannabis's type (medicinal or recreational), timing, and dosage during pregnancy on perinatal outcomes.
Key Points
Can Currently Suggested Quality Indicators Be Transferred to Meningioma Surgery?—A Single-Center Pilot Study
Authors: Spille Dorothee C. , Lohmann Sebastian , Brokinkel Benjamin , Schipmann Stephanie , Schwake Michael , Spille Johannes , Alsofy Samer Zawy , Stummer Walter 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Risk stratification based on standardized quality measures has become crucial in neurosurgery. Contemporary quality indicators have often been developed for a wide range of neurosurgical procedures collectively. The accuracy of tumor-inherent characteristics of patients diagnosed with meningioma remains questionable. The objective of this study was the analysis of currently applied quality indicators in meningioma surgery and the identification of potential new measures.
Methods Data of 133 patients who were operated on due to intracranial meningiomas were subjected to a retrospective analysis. The primary outcomes of interest were classical quality indicators such as the 30-day readmission, 30-day reoperation, 30-day mortality, 30-day nosocomial infection, and the 30-day surgical site infection rate. Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed. The occurrence of a new postoperative neurologic deficit was analyzed as a potential new quality indicator.
Results The overall unplanned readmission rate was 3.8%; 13 patients were reoperated within 30 days (9.8%). The 30-day nosocomial infection and surgical site infection rates were 6.8 and 1.5%, respectively. A postoperative new neurologic deficit or neurologic deterioration as a currently assessed quality feature was observed in 12 patients (9.2%). The edema volume on preoperative scans proved to have a significant impact on the occurrence of a new postoperative neurologic deficit (p = 0.023).
Conclusions Classical quality indicators in neurosurgery have proved to correlate with considerable deterioration of the patient's health in meningioma surgery and thus should be taken into consideration for application in meningioma patients. The occurrence of a new postoperative neurologic deficit is common and procedure specific. Thus, this should be elucidated for application as a complementary quality indicator in meningioma surgery.
Change of Clinical and Radiologic Parameters after Minimally Invasive Decompression in Patients with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Prospective Study with Long-term Follow-up
Authors: Pennisi Giovanni , D'Ercole Manuela , Izzo Alessandro , Polli Filippo Maria , Rapisarda Alessandro , Papacci Fabio , Olivi Alessandro , Montano Nicola 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background The impact of minimally invasive decompression (MID) techniques on spinopelvic parameters and on the sagittal alignment remains a controversial topic. Here we studied the changes in clinical and radiologic parameters and their relationships in a series of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) submitted to MID with a minimum follow-up (FU) of 24 months.
Methods We prospectively collected clinical and radiologic data of 20 consecutive patients who were evaluated preoperatively, at the 6-month FU, and at the 24-month FU. Visual analog scale (VAS) for back and leg pain, Oswestry disability index (ODI), neck disability index (NDI), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), C7 slope (C7S), lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral slope (SS) were assessed for each patient. Moreover, the percentage variation of clinical and radiologic factors at the 24-month FU compared with the preoperative factors was calculated to perform correlation studies among these variables.
Results We reported a significant improvement of all clinical parameters. A significant increase of LL and SS and a significant decrease of PT and SVA were observed. The preoperative values of ODI, LL, SS, PT, and SVA significantly affect the 24-month FU values, and the percentage improvement of SVA at the 24-month FU compared with the preoperative values was significantly related to the percentage improvement of LL.
Conclusions MID is clinically effective in patients with LSS and improves the spinopelvic parameters and the global sagittal balance of the spine. The preoperative spinal alignment affects the spinal alignment at FU. The improvement of SVA was strictly related to the improvement of LL.
Neurotrauma Emergencies during the SARS-CoV2 Pandemic at a Tertiary Medical Center: Analysis of Incidence and Outcome
Authors: Lintas Konstantinos , Rohde Strefan , Ellrichmann Gisa , Strohmann Thorsten , Hamalawi Boris El , Sarge Robert , Mueller Oliver Marcus 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background We assess the impact of lockdown in Germany due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence and outcome of neurotrauma emergencies at a tertiary medical center.
Methods All neurosurgical emergencies from March 16, 2020 (first lockdown in Germany) to January 31, 2021 were included and compared with a longitudinal case-cohort. Cases were descriptively recorded and retrospectively analyzed with respect to incidence and outcome.
Results All emergencies defined as polytrauma referred to our center decreased by 10% during the pandemic (n = 226), whereas neurosurgical emergencies increased by 18.4% (764 vs. 905 cases). The number of specific neurotrauma emergencies increased by 44.4% (63 vs. 91 cases), yet statistically not significant (p = 0.245). The duration of treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU) extended from 621 to 1,056 days (p = 0.34).
Conclusion The reasons for the increase in the number of neurotrauma emergencies were the following: (1) many surrounding smaller care providers were canceled during this time and (2) there was a lack of free intensive care capacities in other hospitals, urging primarily maximum care providers to deal with more referrals. Both these facts and the prolonged treatment on ICUs strengthen the necessity for maximum care providers to keep ICU capacities for non-COVID patients. Specialized neurosurgical expertise should maintain in tertiary medical centers, even or particularly in exceptional circumstances such as the current pandemic.
Insights into the Reactivity of 2-Hydroxycyclobutanones with Thiols Corroborated by Quantum Chemical DFT Investigations and NMR and Raman Analysis
Authors: Carlone Armando , Secci Francesco , Porcu Stefania , Cabua Maria Chiara , Velichko Viktoria , Baltaze Jean-Pierre , Frongia Angelo , Carbonaro Carlo Maria , Ricci Pier Carlo , Parsons Drew Francis 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA general strategy for the synthesis of 2-substituted cyclobutanone sulfides via a tandem Brønsted acid-catalyzed nucleophile addition/ring contraction/C3-C4 ring expansion reaction sequence has been exploited. The procedure led to a wide panel of four-membered cyclic ketones in good to excellent yields and with broad substrate scope. Mechanistic aspects and kinetic parameters were investigated by quantum chemical DFT calculations, allowing us to rationalize the different reactivity of 2-aryl- and 2-alkyl-substituted 2-hydroxycyclobutanones towards thiol nucleophiles in reactions mediated by sulfonic acids. NMR and in situ Raman techniques were employed to better understand the reaction kinetics and parameters that affect the desired outcome.
Asymmetric Total Syntheses of (–)-Dihydromaritidine and (–)-Oxomaritidine
Authors: Yadav Abhinay , Majumder Satyajit , Bisai Alakesh , Das Mrinal Kanti , Mondal Ayan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA concise catalytic asymmetric approach to naturally occurring Amaryllidaceae alkaloids sharing a 5,10b-ethanophenanthridine skeleton [(–)-oxomaritidine, (–)-dihydromaritidine, (–)-maritidine, and (–)-epi-maritidine] has been envisioned. The key intermediate in this strategy was obtained by a Pd(0)-catalyzed decarboxylative allylation of a 2-arylcyclohexan-1-one-derived allylenol carbonate (87%, 96% ee).
Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of 4-Amino-5-aryltetrahydro-1H-benzo[c]azepines by an Aminoarylation Reaction
Authors: Hajra Saumen , Akhtar Sk Md Samim 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA one-pot asymmetric aminoarylation reaction has been executed for the synthesis of trans-4-amino-5-aryltetrahydrobenzo[c]azepines with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity (dr > 99: 1; ee ≤97%). The reaction progresses through aziridination of prochiral N-tosyl-N-cinnamylbenzylamines, followed by an intramolecular 7-endo-tet Friedel–Crafts cyclization of the tethered aziridines generated in situ, where the combination of Cu(OTf)2 as a catalyst and PhINNs as a nitrene source was found to be effective. A chiral indenyl bis(oxazoline) was shown to be an efficient ligand for the catalytic enantioselective version of this one-pot transformation. This 7-endo-tet cyclization is contrary to the Baldwin cyclization rules.
Role of Intercurrent Remedy in Treatment of Warts
Authors: Suri Purnima , Chandra Kundan Kant 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWart is one of the common skin problems for which patient visits homoeopathic physician. Warts are benign proliferation of skin caused by human papilloma virus and generally a self-limiting condition but treatment is needed when they create discomfort and cosmetic or psychological embarrassment. Homoeopathy offers a safe and effective management in such cases. Occasionally, it has been seen that a well-selected individualised homoeopathic medicine sometimes fails to provide desirable result. In such circumstances, an intercurrent remedy is needed to arouse the reaction of patient or clear the obstacles for smooth action of selected remedy. In this context, a case of wart of 22 years old male patient is presented below. After thorough case taking and repertorisation, the selected remedy (Kali carbonicum) failed to provide any significant improvement even after raising the potency from 200C to 1000C. Then, the case was re-analysed and on the basis of family history, an intercurrent remedy ‘Tuberculinum’ was administered followed by former remedy (Kali carbonicum) which brought remarkable improvement and conspicuous changes rapidly. Possible causal attribution of changes was explicitly depicted by Modified Naranjo Criteria.
Synthetic Studies toward Australifungin
Authors: Kim Jinwoo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs a fungal metabolite, australifungin possesses an α-diketone and a β-ketoaldehyde moiety on its trans-decalin backbone. Microwave-assisted intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction was used as a key strategy to establish the trans-decalin moiety. Further functionalization of the ring B side chain installed the β-ketoaldehyde, one of the two unique functional groups along with the α-diketone.
Cloaca-Like Anomalies in the Male: A Report on Two Cases
Authors: AbouZeid Amr AbdelHamid , Mohammad Shaimaa Abdelsattar , Sos Marco Rady , Guirguis Nader Nassef , Mahmoud Heba A. , El-Mahdy Manal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract“Cloaca” is a term used to describe an anomaly in the female where a single orifice is located in the perineum draining both urogenital and gastrointestinal tracts. Few reports used the same term “cloaca” to describe the counterpart anomaly in the male. We present two “male” cases of anorectal anomalies associated with significant penile deformity (caudally displaced penis) that were managed during the period between January 2010 and September 2021. Characteristically, both cases had a single “central” perineal orifice. The latter was located anterior to the predestined site of the normal anus and just beneath a caudally positioned hypospadiac phallus. The caudal displacement of the penis was strikingly obvious by the presence of severe form of penoscrotal transposition. Both cases were associated with a perineal swelling (hamartoma) just beside the central perineal orifice. The urethra was very short (like that in the female), besides the single perineal orifice, which makes the presentation very similar to cloacal anomalies.
Higher Electronic Health Record Functionality Is Associated with Lower Operating Costs in Urban—but Not Rural—Hospitals
Authors: Rhoades Claudia A. , Whitacre Brian E. , Davis Alison F. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between electronic health record (EHR) use/functionality and hospital operating costs (divided into five subcategories), and to compare the results across rural and urban facilities.
Methods We match hospital-level data on EHR use/functionality with operating costs and facility characteristics to perform linear regressions with hospital- and time-fixed effects on a panel of 1,596 U.S. hospitals observed annually from 2016 to 2019. Our dependent variables are the logs of the various hospital operating cost categories, and alternative metrics for EHR use/functionality serve as the primary independent variables of interest. Data on EHR use/functionality are retrieved from the American Hospital Association's (AHA) Annual Survey of Hospitals Information Technology (IT) Supplement, and hospital operating cost and characteristic data are retrieved from the American Hospital Directory. We include only hospitals classified as “general medical and surgical,” removing specialty hospitals.
Results Our results suggest, first, that increasing levels of EHR functionality are associated with hospital operating cost reductions. Second, that these significant cost reductions are exclusively seen in urban hospitals, with the associated coefficient suggesting cost savings of 0.14% for each additional EHR function. Third, that urban EHR-related cost reductions are driven by general/ancillary and outpatient costs. Finally, that a wide variety of EHR functions are associated with cost reductions for urban facilities, while no EHR function is associated with significant cost reductions in rural locations.
Conclusion Increasing EHR functionality is associated with significant hospital operating cost reductions in urban locations. These results do not hold across geographies, and policies to promote greater EHR functionality in rural hospitals will likely not lead to short-term cost reductions.
Osteoid Osteoma of the Coracoid Process Presenting as Adhesive Capsulitis in a 10-Year-Old Male: A Case Report
Authors: Mancuso Anthony , Singleton Amy , Abaza Hadeel , Albert Michael , Mikutis Jeffrey 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA 10-year-old male presented with symptoms in his right shoulder indicative of adhesive capsulitis. Radiographic films did not demonstrate any osseous abnormalities. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the presence of an eccentric lesion within the coracoid process consistent with an osteoid osteoma. Six months after surgical removal the patient is back to full activities. For the pediatric population, surgeons must always consider diagnoses that could alter a patient's growth or result in long-term disability. In particular, an atypical presentation of musculoskeletal disease in a pediatric patient presenting with a disease that typically is seen in the older population warrants further workup.