bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast Identification of the Crystallographic Orientation of Violet Phosphorus Nanoflakes with Preferred In‐Plane Cleavage Edge Orientation
Authors: Zhang Lihui , Li Xiaobo , Yao Fenfa , Li Longren , Huang Hongyang , Zhao Xuewen , Liu Shuhao , Cheng Yonghong , Xu Hua , Zhang Jinying 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSemiconducting layered violet phosphorus, the most stable phosphorus allotrope, has recently been successfully produced with large single crystal sizes and high yields. A promising anisotropy is expected by the reduced symmetry of violet phosphorus in various properties. The in‐plane crystallographic anisotropy and cleavage edge orientation are especially important to the exfoliated 2D structures for their electronic, photonic, magnetic, and mechanic applications. However, the anisotropy of violet phosphorus has not been studied. Here, a fast and nondestructive way is reported to identify the crystallographic orientation of 2D violet phosphorus nanoflakes by a single polarized Raman spectrum. The 2D violet phosphorus nanoflakes have been found to have preferred in‐plane cleavage edges along ‐[P2][P8][P2][P9]‐ tubular strands with <1, 1, 0> edge alignment. The b‐axis (a‐axis) direction has been demonstrated to be easily identified that forms an angle of 45° or 135° from the cleavage edge by the intensity of Ag mode, especially the appearance or disappearance of 491 cm–1, under parallel configuration using polarized Raman scattering. A simple and fast method has been developed to identify the crystallographic orientation of violet phosphorus nanoflakes by a single Raman spectrum to obtain the corresponding a‐axis and b‐axis.
Bimodal Turn‐On Fluorescent Probe for Photophysical and Electrochemical Detection of Human Serum Albumin in Clinical Samples
Authors: Saha Pranay , Moitra Parikshit , Bhattacharjee Urmimala , Bhattacharya Santanu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA simple, easy to synthesize, cost‐effective fluorescent turn‐on sensor is developed for the selective detection of human serum albumin (HSA) in both biological and environmental samples. The biosensor is unique with qualities of rapidly quantifying HSA levels both at lower and higher concentrations in divergent bio‐fluids with high sensitivity. This probe has also been successfully used for the quantitative determination of serum albumin levels in a large number of patients’ samples having different clinical manifestations. Electrochemical detection of HSA concentrations can also be achieved with this biosensor using a potentiostat. Thus, this probe offers a unique potential of diagnosing HSA levels directly from patient samples using its bimodal (i.e., photophysical and electrochemical) properties, which are hitherto unknown to date.
Anisotropic Sliding Behaviors of Gas Bubbles upon Ferrofluid‐Infused Orthonormal Tracks (FOTs) Under Magnetic Stimuli
Authors: Bian Yucheng , Zhu Suwan , Ye Chunyang , Chen Chao , Xu Bing , Zhang Yiyuan , Zhang Cong , Wang Xinghao , Hu Yanlei , Li Jiawen , Wu Dong , Chu Jiaru 
Published: January 2022

AbstractManipulating gas bubbles in aqueous environment exhibits both scientific and technological significance in pressure sensors, mineral flotation, and sewage disposal. Recently, the emerging ferrofluid liquid‐infused porous surfaces (FLIPS) with excellent bubble magnetism‐responsive functions have attracted great attention. Although current studies have focused on the isotropic bubble motion on FLIPS, the dynamic bubble slipping behaviors on anisotropic FLIPS has not been clarified yet. Herein, a kind of ferrofluid‐infused orthonormal tracks (FOTs) with periodic micro‐grooved structures by one‐step femtosecond laser ablation is reported, exhibiting anisotropic slipping behaviors of underwater bubbles along two orthogonal directions on FOTs. Further investigation suggests that the bubble slipping distance, that is, the interfacial resistance, is subject to the ferrofluid infusion and the external driving velocities. It is revealed that the disparity of slipping resistance is mainly related to the interfacial dissipation and the anisotropic menisci reshaped by magnetic stimuli along two orthonormal directions of FOTs. Finally, relying on the anisotropic slipping motion of gas bubbles, typical applications including bubble screening and bubble‐assisted optical shutter are demonstrated. This study should provide new insight into bubble slipping dynamics on lubricant‐infused surfaces and prompt the development of optofluidics.
4‐(Dimethylamino)pyridine‐Catalyzed (3+2) Annulation of Pyrazoledione‐Derived Morita–Baylis–Hillman Carbonates with 2‐Arylideneindane‐1,3‐Diones: An Access to Dispirocyclic Compounds
Authors: Liao Jianning , Xu Jiaqing , Wu Yongjun , Hou Yuxia , Guo Hongchao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA 4‐(dimethylamino)pyridine‐catalyzed (3+2) annulation of pyrazoledione‐derived Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) carbonates with 2‐arylideneindane‐1,3‐diones has been developed to afford various multifunctional spiropyrazole derivatives in 16–99% yields with 3:2–>20:1 diastereoselectivities. As a type of Lewis‐base receptor, the pyrazoledione‐derived MBH carbonates will function as a key substrate in organocatalyzed annulation reactions for diverse syntheses of pyrazolinone‐containing dispirocyclic compounds.magnified image
Fish Capsules: A System for High‐Throughput Screening of Combinatorial Drugs
Authors: Tang Minghui , Duan Xin , Yang Anqi , He Shijie , Zhou Yajing , Liu Yuxin , Zhang Lu , Luo Xuan , Shi Peng , Li Honglin , Lin Xudong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLarge‐scale screening of molecules heavily relies on phenotyping of small living organisms during preclinical development. However, deep profiling candidate therapeutics on whole animals typically requires laborious manipulations and anesthetic treatment using traditional techniques or automated tools. Here, a novel fish capsule system that combines automated zebrafish encapsulating technology and droplet microarray strategy for in vivo functional screening of mono/polytherapies is described. This platform enables automated, rapid zebrafish orientation and immobilization in agarose to generate large‐scale fish capsules by using a microfluidic device. Based on the effect of discontinuous dewetting, the prompt trapping of fish capsules in the aqueous arrays is successfully demonstrate. This system provides the capability to integrate pharmaceutical treatments with real‐time multispectral microscopic imaging in a simple, pipetting‐free and highly parallel manner. Coupling with machine learning algorithms, a small library of compounds is screened and analyzed, and clues about how to exploit compound combinations as therapeutic candidates are obtained. It is believed that this proposed strategy can be readily applied to multiple fields and is especially useful in the exploration of combinatorial drugs with limited amounts of samples and resources to accelerate the identification of novel therapeutics for precision medicines.
“Everybody in this room can understand”: A qualitative exploration of peer support during residency training
Authors: Jain Aarti , Tabatabai Ramin , Schreiber Jacob , Vo Anne , Riddell Jeffrey 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesThough peer support groups are often utilized during residency training, the dynamics, content, and impact of social support offered through peer support are poorly understood. We explored trainee perceptions of the benefits, drawbacks, and optimal membership and facilitation of peer support groups.MethodsAfter engaging in a peer support program at an emergency medicine residency program, 15 residents and 4 group facilitators participated in four focus groups in 2018. Interview questions explored the dynamics of group interactions, types of support offered, and psychological impacts of participation. The authors conducted a reflexive thematic analysis of data, performing iterative coding and organization of interview transcripts.ResultsDiscussions with experienced senior residents and alumni normalized residents’ workplace struggles and provided them with insights into the trajectory of their residency experiences. Vulnerable group dialogue was enhanced by the use of “insider” participants; however, residents acknowledged the potential contributions of mental health professionals. Though groups occasionally utilized maladaptive coping strategies and lacked actual solutions, they also enhanced residents’ sense of belonging, willingness to share personal struggles, and ability to “reset” in the clinical environment.ConclusionsParticipants offered insights into the benefits and drawbacks of peer support as well as optimal peer group composition and facilitation. Support groups may be more effective if they engage a complementary model of alumni and pre‐briefed psychologist facilitators, avoid fatalism, and aim to foster intimate connections among residents. These findings can inform the development of future initiatives aiming to create a safe space for trainees to discuss workplace stressors.
Metal Free Synthesis of Coumarin Containing Hetero[n]helicene like Molecules with TICT and AIE Properties
Authors: Soni Rina , Soman Shubhangi S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCoumarin containing hetero[n]helicene like molecules were synthesized using three component Povarov reaction followed by two dehydrogenation steps in good yields. Synthesis and photophysical properties of coumarin containing multifunctional helicene like molecules were found to be affected by substitution on pendant phenyl ring. Coumarin containing hetero[6]helicene like derivative 10 f showed bright yellow emission in solution, thin film, and solid state. Coumarin containing hetero[6]helicene like compound 13 e showed bright blue emission in solution, thin film, and solid state. The structures of intermediate compounds were confirmed by a single crystal X‐ray analysis. These structures were compared with DFT optimized structures for the helicity parameters. DFT calculations provided good correlation with observed photophysical properties of compounds 10 f and 13 e.
A Molecular Pump Facilitates Mechanical Adsorption Away from Equilibrium
Authors: Simeth Nadja A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractArtificial molecular pumps that perform unidirectional motion on the molecular scale have been used to design systems operating away from equilibrium. Crafting such pumps onto a surface allows their unidirectional movement to be organized in a confined environment as well as the active pumping of adsorbents from the bulk solution to the surface. This study led to the discovery of the phenomenon of mechanisorption and paves the way for the construction of highly complex organized molecular architectures.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Tertiary β‐Boryl Amides by Conjunctive Cross‐Coupling of Alkenyl Boronates and Carbamoyl Chlorides
Authors: Wilhelmsen Christopher A. , Zhang Xuntong , Myhill Jesse A. , Morken James P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSynthesis of versatile β tert‐boryl amides is accomplished by conjunctive cross‐coupling of α‐substituted alkenyl boron “ate” complexes and carbamoyl chloride electrophiles. This reaction can be accomplished in an enantioselective fashion using a palladium catalyst in combination with MandyPhos. The addition of water results in enhanced chemoselectivity for the conjunctive coupling product relative to the Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling product. Transformations of the reaction products were examined as well as application to the synthesis of (+)‐adalinine.
Preparation of humic acid water‐retaining agent‐modified polyurethane sponge as a soilless culture material
Authors: Song Jie , Li Long , Niu Yu Hua , Ke Ru Yuan , Zhao Xuan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBased on the structural characteristics of the polyfunctional groups of humic acid (HA), a HA water‐retaining agent (HAA) was prepared by the polymerization of an aqueous solution using potassium humate, acrylic acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and bentonite. HAA was obtained by the polymerization of an aqueous solution using an assembly ligand, and a polyurethane (PU) sponge was used as a carrier to mix HAA in the foaming process of the PU sponge to obtain the HAA‐modified PU (HAA‐PU) sponge matrix. The HAA‐PU sponge prepared with the HAA‐to‐PU mass ratio of 1:4 had the strongest foaming volume and water absorption. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal stability analysis showed the successful preparation of the HAA‐PU sponge substrate, which allowed for the slow entry or storage of moisture and nutrients. The results of the pea seedling growth test on the HAA‐PU sponge and soil CK (control check) group showed that the emergence rate of the HAA‐PU group was>60%. It was not affected by the amount of watering and provided plants with long‐term water and nutrition. The chlorophyll, and vitamin C content of pea seedlings grown in the HAA‐PU sponge group were higher than the soil CK group.
Enhancement of polylactic acid films properties by incorporation of starch nanocrystals
Authors: Martins Paola Chaves , Latorres Juliana Machado , Machado Ana Vera , Martins Vilásia Guimarães 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable polymer used in films production; however, it has some limitations. Thus, strategies can be used to improve the characteristics of these materials such as the incorporation of starch nanocrystals (SNCs). Therefore, the aim of this study was to add potato and rice SNCs in PLA matrix in the melt to obtain PLA films with structural reinforcement to improve its properties. The SNCs were produced by acid hydrolysis and incorporated to the matrix in 0.5 and 1 wt% amounts. The films were then produced by bioriented tubular extrusion and characterized with several techniques. Films containing 1 wt% of potato SNCs showed an increase in tensile strength, elongation, and glass transition temperature, but a reduction in water vapor permeability. Therefore, the use of potato SNCs as a structural reinforcement for PLA films improved the properties of the films making them suitable candidates for several other applications.
Properties and characterization of novel expanded dickite based composite phase change material
Authors: Su Hao , Ding Mingtao , Yang Kuo , Li Ye , Zhang Zehai , Li Fangfei , Xue Bing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractExpanded dickite as the carrier of loading polyethylene glycol (PEG), a novel composite phase change material (PCM) is synthetized. X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, specific surface area test, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry are used to characterize and evaluate the expanded dickite carrier and the composite PCMs. The results show that the heat released by the reaction of potassium chlorate and urea promotes the layer expansion of dickite to form a net‐like porous structure. Two kinds of expanded dickite (EDU1 and EDU2) carriers are prepared by modulating the amount of potassium chlorate. EDU2 carrier with full layer expansion possesses a PEG load rate of 179.3%. The higher PEG load rate of EDU2 is attributed to its developed pore structure, and the hydrogen bond formed between PEG and expanded dickite. Composite PCM using EDU2 as the carrier has a higher latent heat of 98.22 J g−1and good thermal cycling stability.
Electron Regulation of Single Indium Atoms at the Active Oxygen Vacancy of In2O3(110) for Production of Acetic Acid and Acetone through Direct Coupling of CH4 with CO2
Authors: Ma Denghui , Cao Zexing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe production of acetic acid and acetone from the direct coupling of CO2 and CH4 on the doped In2O3(110) surface has been studied by extensive first‐principles calculations, and the Ga or Al substitution for the single In atom at the active oxygen vacancy of In2O3(110) can stabilize the reaction species and reduce the free energy barrier of the rate‐limiting C−H activation for the conversion of CO2 and CH4 to acetic acid. Herein, the metal doping lowers the energy level of partially empty s and p orbitals of In1 at the oxygen vacancy site and manipulates its electronic properties, resulting in the activity improvement. The stable intermediate with the newly‐formed CH3COO* has the available In1 site for subsequent CH4 activation, which may initiate the direct C−C coupling of CH3COO* and CH3* to yield C3 species on the doped In2O3(110). These findings suggest that the metal doping of the active oxygen vacancy opens an avenue for the carbon‐chain growth through heterogeneously catalytic coupling of CO2 and CH4.
Mixed H∞ and passive event‐triggered control for Markovian jump systems with sensor saturation under cyber‐attacks
Authors: Li Tianrui , Wang Weiqun , Chen Weimin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper addresses the mixed H∞ and passive event‐triggered control problem for a class of Markovian jump systems subject to sensor saturation and cyber‐attacks. By taking the effects of sensor saturation and randomly occurring cyber‐attacks into consideration, a closed‐loop output feedback Markovian jump system model is established under the proposed event‐triggered mechanism. Then, based on Lyapunov stability theory and integral inequalities technique, some sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee the resulting closed‐loop system is stochastically stable and satisfies a prescribed mixed H∞ and passive performance. Subsequently, the output feedback gains can be derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities by using the matrix decoupling approach. Finally, numerical example and comparison results are provided to show the effectiveness of the approach proposed in this paper.
Dual‐layered hydrogels allow complete genome recovery with nucleic acid cytometry
Authors: Hatori Makiko N. , Modavi Cyrus , Xu Peng , Weisgerber Daniel , Abate Adam R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTargeting specific cells for sequencing is important for applications in cancer, microbiology, and infectious disease. Nucleic acid cytometry (NAC) is a powerful approach for accomplishing this because it allows specific cells to be isolated based on sequence biomarkers that are otherwise impossible to detect. However, existing methods require specialized microfluidic devices, limiting adoption. Here, a modified workflow is described that uses particle‐templated emulsification (PTE) and flow cytometry to conduct the essential steps of cell detection and sorting normally accomplished by microfluidics. Our microfluidic‐free workflow allows facile isolation and sequencing of cells, viruses, and nucleic acids and thus provides a powerful enrichment approach for targeted sequencing applications.
Classification of the superior mesenteric artery
Authors: Balcerzak Adrian , Tubbs Richard Shane , Waśniewska‐Włodarczyk Anna , Rapacka Elżbieta , Olewnik Łukasz 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to characterize the branching pattern and morphology of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), and also to create a new SMA classification, which seems necessary for clinicians performing surgery in this anatomical area. The anatomical variations in the branching patterns of the SMA were examined in 30 cadavers fixed in 10% formalin. Morphometric measurements were then obtained twice by two researchers. In the proposed classification system, Type I, characterized by all normal branches—inferior pancreatoduodenal artery, ileocolic artery, right colic artery, middle colic artery and intestinal arteries—occurred in 53.33% of the specimens. Type II, characterized by absence of the inferior pancreatoduodenal artery, was present in 26.67%. Type III, characterized by absence of the right colic artery, was present in 3.33%. Type IV, characterized by a common trunk for the inferior pancreatoduodenal artery and middle colic arteries, was observed in 3.33%. Type V, characterized by an aberrant hepatic artery and absence of the inferior pancreatoduodenal artery, was observed in 13.33%. The origin of the SMA was at the Th12/L1 level in 10% of cases, at L1 in 43.33%, at L1/L2 in 36.67%, and at L2 in 10%. The SMA is characterized by high morphological variability, the variants being associated with distinct clinical aspects. The introduction of a new, structured, anatomical classification seems necessary for all clinicians.
Combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx: A collision course of tumors
Authors: Rossi Nicholas A. , Gietzen Rachelle , Malaya Lauren T. , Haroun Kareem B. , Conner Grant R. , Coblens Orly , Resto Vicente A. , Clement Cecilia G. , Joshi Rohan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCombined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the H&N are exceptionally rare. We present the case of combined p16 negative SCC and LCNEC of the oropharynx treated with combination chemotherapy. This is the third reported case of combined neuroendocrine carcinoma and SCC of the oropharynx.
Missed C5 vertebral brown tumor causing spinal cord compression and myelopathy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Mirzashahi Babak , Vosoughi Farzad , Besharaty Saied , Satehi Sadegh Hasani 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe aim to report a patient with vertebral brown tumor in the context of a primary hyperparathyroidism presented by shoulder pain. This is the first report of C5 brown tumor involvement in a primary hyperparathyroid patient and emphasizes the consideration of cervical vertebral evaluation in patients with persistent shoulder pain.
Intelligent Control of an Industrial Debutanizer Column
Authors: Fatima Syeda Anmol , Zabiri Haslinda , Taqvi Syed Ali Ammar , Ramli Nasser , Maulud Abdulhalim Shah 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA debutanizer column located at a refinery in Malaysia produces LPG as its top product and light naphtha as its bottom product. Control of the product compositions of the column is very important to maintain the desired purities. The current control design of the debutanizer column is based on the classical proportional integral derivative approach, which has been found to be less effective in controlling the variations in the column as the process is characterized by strong nonlinear and uncertain dynamics. Here, intelligent control based on an adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is investigated and compared against an artificial neural network, for the special case of limited training data of the industrial debutanizer column. The ANFIS‐based controller outperforms the other control configurations for both set point tracking and disturbance rejection cases and has better generalization performance even when trained with limited data samples.
Extraction of Sugars and Cellulose Fibers from Cannabis Stems by Hydrolysis, Pulping, and Bleaching
Authors: Pattnaik Falguni , Nanda Sonil , Kumar Vivek , Naik Satyanarayan , Dalai Ajay K. , Mohanty Mahendra K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCannabis indica stems were hydrolyzed with subcritical water at various temperatures, reaction times, and feed concentrations. The highest total yield of reducing sugars of 16.4 wt % was obtained at 190 °C in 37.5 min with a feed concentration of 3.5 wt %. Solid residues from the optimized process were treated with 0.5 M NaOH (pulping) and 0.5–3 % H2O2 (bleaching) to isolate cellulose fibers. The maximum yield of cellulose was 34.8 wt % with lowest lignin content of 0.5 wt %. With the removal of hemicellulose and lignin through the integrated hydrothermal processes, the crystallinity index and thermal stability of the cellulose fibers increased.