bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amphiphilic Iminosugar Pharmacological Chaperones towards β‐Glucocerebrosidase: Self‐Assembly and Biological Activity
Authors: Vanni Costanza , Cardona Francesca , Clemente Francesca , Morrone Amelia , Raudino Martina , Ambrosi Moira , Lo Nostro Pierandrea , Matassini Camilla 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPharmacological chaperones (PCs) can restore correct enzymatic activity at sub‐inhibitory concentrations and are considered an emerging therapy for Gaucher Disease (GD). Amphiphilic PCs show more favourable cross‐membrane properties and have a higher activity on cells than hydrophilic PCs. To investigate whether the biological activity of amphiphilic iminosugars is related to their state as monomers or as micellar aggregates, we synthesized some novel N‐alkylated iminosugars and performed physico‐chemical characterizations in the solid state and in aqueous dispersion of the best compound in terms of biological activity. The results suggest that the C12 N‐alkylated iminosugar 10 exerts its biological activity in the monomeric state, and that the low cell viability observed in the presence of a 50 μM concentration of compound 10 is not related to the formation of micellar aggregates in solution.
When faces and voices come together: Face width‐to‐height ratio and voice pitch contribute independently to social perception
Authors: Masi Matteo , Mattavelli Simone , Fasoli Fabio , Brambilla Marco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrior research has shown that the face's width‐to‐height ratio (fWHR) and the voice's pitch influence social perception. Yet, the relative contribution of either cue has been largely unexplored. We examined the simultaneous effects of fWHR and pitch on social evaluations. Experiment 1 (N = 102) tested how such cues shaped global impressions. Experiment 2 (N = 121) tested fWHR and pitch's effect on behavioural affiliative intentions, framing social interaction as a physical or an intellectual competition. Experiment 3 (N = 57) assessed whether variations in fWHR and pitch could influence trait attribution (i.e., physical formidability and intelligence). Individuals with large faces or low‐pitched voices elicited negative impressions, positive behavioural intentions in a physical competition, and the attribution of stronger formidability but lower intelligence. Across the studies, cues exerted independent effects. The implications of these findings for research on cross‐modal social perception are discussed.
Numerical study supplemented with simplified model on electrophoresis of a hydrophobic colloid incorporating finite ion size effects and ion‐solvent interactions
Authors: Bhaskar Babu , Bhattacharyya Somnath 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe consider a modified electrokinetic model to study the electrophoresis of a hydrophobic particle by considering the finite sized ions. The mathematical model adopted in this study incorporates the ion steric repulsion, ion‐solvent interactions as well as Maxwell stress on the electrolyte. The dielectric permittivity and viscosity of the electrolyte is considered to vary with the local ionic volume fraction. Based on this modified model for the electrokinetics we have analyzed the electrophoresis in a single as well as mixture of electrolytes of monovalent and non‐ electrolytes. The dependence of viscosity on local ionic volume fraction modifies the hydrodynamic drag as well as diffusivity of ions, which are ignored in existing studies on electrophoresis. A simplified model for electrophoresis of a hydrophobic particle incorporating the ion steric repulsion and ion‐solvent interactions is developed based on the first‐order perturbation on applied electric field. This simplified model is established to be efficient for a Debye layer thinner than the particle size and a smaller range of slip length. This model can be implemented for any number of ionic species as well as non‐ electrolytes. It is established that the ion steric interactions and dielectric decrement creates a counterion saturation in the Debye layer leading to an enhanced mobility compared to the standard model. However, experimental data for non‐dilute cases often under predicts the theoretically determined mobility. The present modified model fills this lacuna and demonstrate that the consideration of finite ion size modifies the medium viscosity and hence, ionic mobility, which in combination lowers the mobility value.
Reliability assessment of integrated energy systems based on complex network theory
Authors: Pan Hua , Yan Jingru , Gao Xu , Fang Jing , Yao Zheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs integrated energy systems (IES) continue to undergo development and advancement, the degree of coupling between subsystems and their complexity are also on the rise, posing a challenge for the reliability assessment of such systems. The conventional method is unable to explain the interaction between subsystems as well as system‐level phenomena. The complex network theory is needed to provide a deeper analysis. Firstly, this paper introduces the basic concept and analysis tools of complex network theory. Secondly, the topological network model and the identification indexes of weak links for the IES are summarized as the basis for reliability assessment. Then, the reliability assessment indexes and assessment methods are sorted out for the IES based on the complex network theory; and further, the measures to optimize the reliability of the IES are put forward. Finally, from the perspective of complex network theory, directions for future research on the reliability assessment of IES are suggested.
The effect of acorn muffin consumption on glycemic indices and lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients: A randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: Sasani Najmeh , Kazemi Asma , Babajafari Siavash , Amiri‐Ardekani Ehsan , Rezaiyan Mojtaba , Barati‐Boldaji Reza , Mazloomi Seyed Mohammad , Clark Cain C. T. , Ashrafi‐Dehkordi Elham 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAcorn is a nutritious fruit with the reported potential of ameliorating diseases, including diabetes. This research aimed to assess the effects of acorn muffin consumption on glycemic, lipid indices, and appetite in patients with type 2 diabetes. Sixty‐six subjects were dichotomized to receive either one muffin containing 10 grams of acorn flour or a placebo muffin containing white wheat flour (no bran), per day, for 8 weeks. Acorn muffin consumption improved glycated hemoglobin (p = .06, mean difference [MD] = −0.65), triglyceride (p = .06, MD = −36.38), and high‐density lipoprotein (p = .05, MD = 1.30), albeit only marginally significantly. Among appetite parameters, hunger, desire to eat, and prospective to eat were significantly lower, and satiety and fullness were significantly higher, in the acorn muffin group. In conclusion, acorn muffins could be utilized as an adjuvant therapy to control appetite and ameliorate glycated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, further investigations are required for a more comprehensive conclusion.
Prevalence and determinants of wasting among under‐5 Egyptian children: Application of quantile regression
Authors: Abdulla Faruq , El‐Raouf M. M. Abd , Rahman Azizur , Aldallal Ramy , Mohamed Mohamed S. , Hossain Md. Moyazzem 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWasting is one of the symptoms of malnutrition that has been connected to the deaths of malnourished children. This study was intended to explain the effect of socio‐demographic and economic factors on under‐5 wasting by evaluating their conditional effect across the distribution of weight‐for‐height Z (WHZ) scores using the quantile regression (QR) model. The weighted sample which included 13,680 children under 5 years was taken from the countrywide Egyptian DHS 2014 survey. The results depicted that about 2% of Egyptian children were severely wasted, with the prevalence of wasting being around 8%. It was discovered that across the WHZ distribution, the child's features, maternal characteristics, father's education, and social factors had significant but varied contributions in explaining the wasting status of under‐5 children. It was revealed that female children had a significant weight advantage, notably 0.21 standard deviation (SD) higher weight at the 95th quantile over their male counterparts. The WHZ score was also found to be significantly positively associated with both age and household's wealth status at the lower and upper tails of the WHZ distribution, respectively. Moreover, in comparison with children whose mothers were underweight, those whose mothers were normal or overweight had higher WHZ scores, with a 1.45 SD increase in WHZ scores at the 95th quantile for mothers who were normal weights. Furthermore, the children who were breastfed, whose mothers received antenatal care (ANC) services, and/or who had educated parents had an advantage in terms of WHZ scores than their counterparts. In addition, the children with higher birth order and/or who resided in urban areas had weight disadvantages compared to their counterparts. Therefore, in order to improve children's nutritional status and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, the government and public–private owner organizations must work together at the community level focusing on vulnerable groups.
Acceptability, feasibility and preliminary impact evaluation of a pilot text‐message study on improving the health of Aboriginal people with, or at risk of, chronic disease in Australia
Authors: Waller Karen , Furber Susan , Bauman Adrian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIssue addressedAboriginal people experience higher rates of chronic disease than other Australians, largely due to modifiable risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the acceptability, feasibility and preliminary impact of a pilot text‐message program on improving the health of Aboriginal people with, or at risk of, chronic disease.MethodsA before and after study using a convenience sample of Aboriginal Australian adults determined the impact of a 6‐month healthy lifestyle text‐message intervention on lifestyle behavioural measures including nutrition, physical activity and smoking. Process evaluation of participants and program facilitators determined program acceptability and feasibility.ResultsTwenty Aboriginal people enrolled in the study, with high study completion and program acceptability. The two program facilitators reported the low‐cost automated text‐message program to be highly acceptable, feasible to deliver and led to environmental program changes. Preliminary impact data showed significant improvements in vegetable consumption at 3 and 6 months, but not for other health outcome measures.ConclusionsThe text‐message program was highly acceptable and feasible to deliver, and has potential as an adjunct to usual care. Further research is required to determine program efficacy with a larger sample size.So what?Text‐messages to improve the health of Aboriginal people are highly acceptable, feasible to deliver and can complement existing community‐led group programs. Further testing of this low‐cost program is warranted to determine program efficacy.
A relational perspective on supervisor‐initiated turnover: Implications for human resource management based on a multi‐method investigation of leader–member exchange relationships
Authors: Becker Laura , Ertz Elias , Büttgen Marion 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDespite the great emphasis organizations and human resource management (HRM) research place on turnover issues, one turnover phenomenon has received only limited attention so far: joint leader–member turnover. This research examines supervisor‐initiated turnover (SIT) (i.e., employees' decision to quit their employer to follow a former supervisor to a new organization) and develops a comprehensive model of the SIT decision process, grounded on conservation of resources (COR) theory, that delineates the resource evaluation, conservation and investment deliberations of employees. We take a relational perspective and particularly focus on the leader–member relationship as an important antecedent of SIT and thereby respond to the call for more critical investigations of leader–member exchange (LMX) and corresponding HRM implications. Our three studies (survey, scenario experiment, and dyadic interview study) demonstrate that LMX positively affects SIT intentions (SITI) and that supervisor commitment represents an important mediating mechanism of the LMX–SITI relationship. Our interview study with 46 leader–member dyads identifies relational factors that promote or hinder SIT beyond the leader–member relationship. We discuss the theoretical contributions and practical implications for HRM.
Natural convection coupled to surface radiation in an air‐filled square cavity containing two heat‐generating bodies
Authors: Hidki Rachid , El Moutaouakil Lahcen , Boukendil Mohammed , Charqui Zouhair , Zrikem Zaki , Abdelbaki Abdelhalim 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe present numerical study focuses on the cooling by natural convection and surface radiation of two electronic components generating two different and uniform volumetric powers. These components are modeled by two square bodies placed inside a closed square cavity with a cold straight wall. Two configurations are analyzed based on the position of the two heat‐generating bodies. In the first one (horizontal position configuration), the two bodies are located at the same height of the cavity, while they are placed at different heights in the second case (vertical position configuration). The effects of two Rayleigh numbers (), the conductivity ratio (), and the emissivity () on the heat transfer characteristics and the flow structure are analyzed. The data is displayed as streamlines, isotherms, velocity, and maximum temperature profiles, and local heat transfer on the active wall. The obtained results indicate that the choice of the appropriate configuration depends mainly on the deviation between the two Rayleigh numbers. Furthermore, the maximum temperature of a specific block decreases as the quantity of heat generated by the other block rises. We can also see that the maximum temperature of the two blocks decreases by about with the increase in the emissivity (from to ) or the conductivity ratio (from to ).
Preterm‐born children's development: A bioecological perspective
Authors: Barra Lisseth , Coo Soledad 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPreterm birth is a biological risk factor for developmental problems. Infants born preterm are more likely to present difficulties and potential delays in all areas of development. The aim of the present review is to apply Bronfenbrenner´s bioecological model of human development to understand the factors that shape the developmental trajectories of infants born preterm. This model offers a developmental science perspective, which considers the dynamic interaction of diverse processes and contextual factors across the lifespan to explain developmental trajectories. Firstly, the article provides key definitions associated with preterm birth and the relevance of this condition from a public health perspective. Secondly, we describe why preterm birth is a neurobiological risk factor for optimal development. Then, we describe the components of the bioecological model, provide examples associated with infants born preterm, and describe available evidence on how psychosocial factors influence development in this population. This review contributes to a deeper understanding of the factors that influence the development of infants born preterm from an integrative and complex perspective and discuss some implications of using this approach for clinical practices oriented to infants born preterm.Highlights
Preterm birth is a relevant public health problem.
Child development in preterm‐born infants has been studied mainly from a biomedical perspective.
Prematurity is analysed from a developmental science perspective, specifically from the bioecological model.
Growing up in adverse psychosocial contexts may negatively impact premature children.
Developmental sciences may contribute to clinical practices and research related to preterm infants.
Multiplexed genome editing by in vivo electroporation of Cas9 ribonucleoproteins effectively induces endometrial carcinoma in mice
Authors: Kobayashi Ryosuke , Kawabata‐Iwakawa Reika , Sugiyama Makoto , Oyama Tetsunari , Ohtsuka Masato , Horii Takuro , Morita Sumiyo , Nishiyama Masahiko , Hatada Izuho 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSynergistic effects among multiple gene mutations are involved in cancer development and progression. However, developing genetically modified mouse models to analyze various combinations of mutations is extremely labor‐intensive and time‐consuming. To address these problems, we developed a novel method for in vivo multiplexed genome editing of the murine uterus to model human endometrial carcinoma (EMC). To do this, we injected a CRISPR‐Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complex into the uterine cavity of adult female mice, followed by electroporation. Evaluation of reporter mice demonstrated that genome editing occurred specifically in uterine epithelial cells, which are the origin of EMCs. Simultaneous targeting of Pten/Trp53/Lkb1, or targeting of Pten/Lkb1 along with the Ctnnb1ΔEx3 mutation, resulted in efficient generation of invasive tumors in wild‐type females within 3 months. This novel method will enable rapid and easy validation of many combinations of gene mutations that lead to endometrial carcinogenesis.
Chemical Biology Approaches to Understanding Neuronal O−GlcNAcylation
Authors: Huynh Duc Tan , Boyce Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractO‐linked β‐N‐acetylglucosamine (O−GlcNAc) is a ubiquitous post‐translational modification in mammals, decorating thousands of intracellular proteins. O−GlcNAc cycling is an essential regulator of myriad aspects of cell physiology and is dysregulated in numerous human diseases. Notably, O−GlcNAcylation is abundant in the brain and numerous studies have linked aberrant O−GlcNAc signaling to various neurological conditions. However, the complexity of the nervous system and the dynamic nature of protein O−GlcNAcylation have presented challenges for studying of neuronal O−GlcNAcylation. In this context, chemical approaches have been a particularly valuable complement to conventional cellular, biochemical, and genetic methods to understand O−GlcNAc signaling and to develop future therapeutics. Here we review selected recent examples of how chemical tools have empowered efforts to understand and rationally manipulate O−GlcNAcylation in mammalian neurobiology.
A review of monkeypox infection during pregnancy
Authors: Farah Stephanie , Nasr Elena , Ramadan Aya , Sayad Edouard , Jallad Karl 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe present study aimed to review monkeypox infection during pregnancy: its epidemiology and etiology, transmission, clinical manifestations and complications, diagnosis, management, antenatal testing and delivery, prevention, awareness, and recommendations. Monkeypox can spread via vertical transmission. The usual clinical symptoms include fever, rash (vesicles, crust), new genital lesions, or sore throat. It is only recommended to use cidofovir in pregnant patients when they are severely infected with monkeypox. All woman who are at high risk of exposure for monkeypox need to be vaccinated with the smallpox vaccine regardless of their pregnancy status. Monitoring includes regular non‐stress test monitoring in addition to ultrasound performed at various stages of pregnancy. High index of suspicion, informed physicians, reporting of cases, and support of research are all needed for the management of monkeypox infection during pregnancy.
Economic analysis of irrigation in the production system of soybean and second‐season maize in sandy soil areas in Brazil
Authors: Gava Ricardo , Campos Flávio Henrique , Duarte Coelho Rubens , Teixeira de Oliveira Job , Barros Timóteo Herculino da Silva 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe objective of the present work was to perform an economic analysis of centre‐pivot irrigation implantation on a sandy soil area with different previous land uses. Thus, it was possible to analyse three initial soil conditions inside (irrigated) and outside (rainfed) the centre pivot. The opening area (P1) was characterized by soybean planting for the first time after degraded pasture, P2 consisted of the second year of harvesting soybean/maize second season, and P3 consisted of the third year of harvest. Two crops were evaluated: soybean and maize. The centre‐pivot irrigation system was not profitable at the earliest stage of soil recovery (P1) immediately after degraded pasture because soil fertility limited yields. There was a 23% and 33% increase in soybean yield for the areas with 2 years (P2) and 3 years (P3) of soil recovery, respectively, compared to the first year. However, second‐season maize had an increased yield of 19% for the third‐year area (P3) compared to the first year (P1). Profit increased from P3 to P1 by $1541 ha−1 for soybean, $2654 ha−1 for maize and $2097 ha−1 overall. Irrigation treatments increased profit by 45%.
Development of the Sudan agricultural sector model for policy impact analysis
Authors: Ibrahim Yosif A. , Abdel‐Magid Hisham , Ali Hassan A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn agricultural sector model is developed for Sudan to study the impact of different policy interventions on enhancing agricultural productivity and efficient water use for irrigation. The model considers three farming systems (irrigation, mechanized and traditional rainfed systems). The country is divided into five geographic regions (central, eastern, northern, Kordofan and Darfur regions). The input to the model consists of six key agricultural inputs: land, water, labour, machinery, seeds, fertilizers and pesticides. The model is designed to optimize the production activities for 10 major crops that include cotton, wheat, sorghum, millet, groundnut, sesame, sugar cane, banana, beans and dates. The General Algebraic Modelling System (GAMS) optimization engine is used to optimize the allocation of resources with the objective of maximizing the net economic returns from agricultural production activities. The model is calibrated using long‐term average historical records for the period 1970–2018. The results showed good model prediction capability in meeting the domestic demand and in explaining the key variables that influence the farming activities across the regions.