bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavior and neural activation patterns of non-redundant visual and acoustic signaling during courtship in an African cichlid fish
Authors: King Teisha , Ray Emily J. , Tramontana Brandon , Maruska Karen 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Animals evolve mechanisms to send and receive communication signals through multiple sensory channels during crucial behavioral contexts such as aggression and reproduction. This ensures the transmission of important context-dependent signals that supply either the same (redundant) or different (non-redundant) information to the receiver. Despite the importance of multimodal communication, there are relatively few species in which information on sender signals and receiver responses are known. Further, little is known about where context-dependent unimodal and multimodal information is processed in the brain to produce adaptive behaviors. We used the African cichlid, Astatotilapia burtoni, to investigate how unimodal and multimodal signals are processed within the female brain in a reproductive context. During courtship, dominant males produce low frequency sounds in conjunction with visual displays (quivers) directed towards receptive gravid females. We compared affiliation behaviors and neural activation patterns in gravid females exposed to visual, acoustic and visual–acoustic signals from courting dominant males. Females displayed reduced affiliation in auditory-only conditions, but similar affiliation during visual and visual–acoustic conditions, demonstrating that visual–acoustic signaling from males is non-redundant but vision dominates. Using the neural activation marker cfos, we identified differential activation in specific socially relevant brain nuclei between unimodal and multimodal conditions and distinct neural co-activation networks associated with each sensory context. Combined with our previous work on chemosensory signaling, we propose that A. burtoni represents a valuable vertebrate model for studying context-dependent behavioral and neural decision making associated with non-redundant multimodal communication.
The Influence of Therapeutic Exercise after Ankle Sprain on the Incidence of Subsequent Knee, Hip, and Lumbar Spine Injury
Authors: FOSTER KAITLYN S. , GREENLEE TINA A. , FRASER JOHN J. , YOUNG JODI L. , RHON DANIEL I. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the burden of knee, hip, and lumbar spine disorders occurring in the year after an ankle sprain and the influence therapeutic exercise (TE) has on this burden.

Methods
A total of 33,361 individuals diagnosed with ankle sprain in the Military Health System between 2010 and 2011 were followed for 1 yr. The prevalence of knee, hip, and lumbar care-seeking injuries sustained after sprain was identified. Relationships between demographic groups, ankle sprain type, and use of TE with rate of proximal injuries were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard models to determine hazard rate effect modification by attribute. The observed effect of TE for ankle sprain on rate of injury to proximal joints was evaluated using Kaplan–Meier survival analyses.

Results
Of the total cohort, 20.5% (n = 6848) of patients sustained a proximal injury. Specifically, 10.1% of the cohort sustained a knee (n = 3356), 2.9% a hip (n = 973), and 10.3% a lumbar injury (n = 3452). Less than half of the cohort received TE after initial sprain. Patients that did were less likely to have subsequent knee (HR = 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.80–0.94), hip (HR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.58–0.79), or lumbar (HR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.76–0.89) injuries.

Conclusions
One in five individuals that sought care for an ankle sprain experienced a proximal joint injury in the following year. TE for the management of the initial ankle sprain reduced the likelihood of proximal injury diagnosis and should be considered in treatment plans for return to work and sport protocols after ankle sprains.
A miniaturized ultrasound transducer for monitoring full-mouth oral health: a preliminary study
Authors: Qi Baiyan , Hariri Ali , Khazaeinezhad Reza , Fu Lei , Li Yi , Jin Zhicheng , Yim Wonjun , He Tengyu , Cheng Yong , Zhou Jiajing , Jokerst Jesse V. 
Published: September 2022

Objective: To customize a miniaturized ultrasound transducer to access full-mouth B-mode, color Doppler, and spectral Doppler imaging for monitoring oral health. Methods: A customized periodontal ultrasound transducer SS-19–128 (19 MHz, 128 channels) 1.8-cm wide and 1-cm thick was developed and connected to a data acquisition (DAQ) system. B-mode, color Doppler, and spectral Doppler data could all be collected with SS-19–128. The imaging resolution and penetration capacity of SS-19–128 were characterized on phantoms. The gingival thickness was measured on 11 swine teeth by SS-19–128 for comparison with conventional transgingival probing via Bland-Altman analysis and Pearson correlation. Five human subjects were then recruited to demonstrate B-mode and Doppler imaging by SS-19–128. Results: The axial and lateral spatial resolution at 5.5 mm depth is 102.1 µm and 142.9 µm, respectively. The penetration depth in a tissue-mimicking phantom is over 30 mm. In vivo B-mode imaging of all 28 teeth was demonstrated on one human subject, and imaging of tooth #18 was accessed on five human subjects. Gingival thickness measurement compared with transgingival probing showed a bias of −0.015 mm and SD of 0.031 mm, and a r = 0.9235 (p < 0.0001) correlation. In vivo color and spectral Doppler imaging of the supraperiosteal artery in human gingiva was performed to generate hemodynamic information. Conclusions: The small size of SS-19–128 offers important advantages over existing ultrasound technology—more specifically, whole-mouth scanning/charting reminiscent of radiography. This is nearly a two-fold increase in the number of teeth that can be assessed versus conventional transducers.
Dual-active-ingredient, insecticidal nets for preventing malaria: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Barker Timothy , Stone Jennifer , Hasanoff Sabira , Stevenson Jennifer , Price Carrie , Kabaghe Alinune , Munn Zachary 
Published: September 2022

Background: Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite and is a highly transmissible disease representing a significant global public health burden. The provision of insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) has contributed to the reduction of malaria across endemic countries. However, the detection of insecticide resistance in many mosquito vector species potentially threatens the long-term effectiveness of ITNs. A novel method to reduce the impact of insecticide resistance is to treat mosquito nets with multiple active ingredients. Methods and analysis: This review will comprehensively search the literature (both published and unpublished) for any studies investigating the effectiveness of mosquito nets treated with multiple active ingredients, known henceforth as dual-active-ingredient (DAI) ITNs. The DAI ITNs of interest include those treated with a pyrethroid and non-pyrethroid insecticide (review question 1) or with a pyrethroid and an insect growth regulator (review question 2). Studies will be screened to meet the inclusion criteria by a minimum of two authors, followed by assessment of risk of bias (using appropriate risk of bias tools for randomised and non-randomised studies) and extraction of relevant information using structured forms by two independent authors. Meta-analyses will be carried out where possible for epidemiological outcomes and subgrouping will be considered. Certainty in the evidence will be established with GRADE assessments. Ethics and dissemination: A full review report will be submitted to the Vector Control and Insecticide Resistance Unit, Global Malaria Program, WHO. A version of this report will be submitted for publication in an open access peer-reviewed journal. The report will inform the development of WHO recommendations regarding the use of DAI ITNs for the prevention of malaria. This systematic review does not require ethics approval as it is a review of primary studies. Registration: PROSPERO ID: CRD42022333044
Omnipod® Insulin Management System - "patch-pump", as a breakthrough in the treatment of type 1 diabetes
Authors: Filipczak Joanna , Żelazny Przemysław , Sygacz Oliwer , Bróż Sebastian , Dankiewicz Sara , Swora Aleksandra , Borowik Joanna , Brodowski Wojciech , Pawłowski Piotr , Basta-Arciszewska Katarzyna , Obuchowska Karolina 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: There are 425 million adults with diabetes worldwide, 10% of whom have type 1 diabetes. The treatment of choice in this group of patients is insulin delivery. In order to avoid disease-related metabolic disorders, insulin therapy should be planned so that their risk is minimized. This often involves multiple subcutaneous deliveries throughout the day. In order to improve patient satisfaction and comfort, , "smart pumps" have been developed. OmniPod® is the first commercially available pump of this type.
Aim of the study: The purpose of our work was to present an innovative form of treatment for type 1 diabetes, to demonstrate the advantages, disadvantages and results of treatment using it.
Methods and materials: A literature review was conducted in the PubMed database, using the key words: "diabetes type 1"; "diabetes mellitus"; "OmniPod®"; "insulin";
Results: OmniPod® improves glycemic control and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values over traditional therapies. The algorithm used in the pump ensures normal glycemic ranges throughout the day, without the risk of prolonged episodes of hypo- and hyperglycemia. It improves the quality of life (QOL) index thanks to, among other things, water resistance, lack of difficulties during sleep in contrast to conventional insulin pumps.
Conclusion: OmniPod® significantly improves users' glycemic and HbA1c control. It allows users to forgo conventional insulin pumps or intensive insulin therapy by raising QOL and increasing patients' sense of proper disease control. Further research should be inclined to evaluate the utility of OmniPod® in other types of diabetes, as well as on the application of the technology in other disease entities.
Prehospital practitioner awareness and experience of CPR-induced consciousness
Authors: Carty Niall , Bury Gerard 
Published: September 2022

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation-induced consciousness (CPRIC) is an important but under-researched area. CPRIC in Irish emergency services has never been examined and this study aimed to explore the experiences of prehospital practitioners. Methods: This study includes qualitative and quantitative elements, using an online anonymous survey followed by a confidential, one-to-one, semi-structured interview with emergency medical technicians, paramedics and advanced paramedics. Results: Of the respondents surveyed, 93% had been involved in the care of at least one case of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA); 36% had managed 6–10 OHCAs within the previous 12 months. Three-quarters (75%) were aware of CPRIC and 57% reported that they had witnessed at least one episode of this. CPRIC incidents were characterised by a range of clinical features, which sometimes interrupted care provision and were managed using wide-ranging and non-standardised responses including drug therapy. Both high-quality manual and mechanical CPR were linked to CPRIC. The rate of reported return of spontaneous circulation (63%) was significantly higher than that in Irish national data for OHCA. Seven volunteers participated in confidential sem-istructured interviews. Themes identified included the impact on resuscitation, unfamiliarity with CPRIC manifestations, how CPRIC affected practitioners and educational needs. Practitioners experienced distress because of this phenomenon. All highlighted their desire to have CPRIC addressed by clinical practice guidelines.
The effects on clinical trial activity of direct funding and taxation policy interventions made by government: A systematic review
Authors: Crosby Sam , Rajadurai Esther , Jan Stephen , Neal Bruce , Holden Richard 
Published: September 2022

Context
Governments have attempted to increase clinical trial activity in their jurisdictions using a range of methods including targeted direct funding and industry tax rebates. The effectiveness of the different approaches employed is unclear.

Objective
To systematically review the effects of direct government financing interventions by allowing companies to reduce their tax payable on clinical trial activity.

Data sources
Pub Med, Scopus, Sage, ProQuest, Google Scholar and Google were searched up to the 11th of April 2022. In addition, the reference lists of all potentially eligible documents were hand searched to identify additional reports. Following feedback from co-authors, information on a small number of additional interventions were specifically sought out and included.

Data extraction
Summary information about potentially eligible reports were reviewed independently by two researchers, followed by extraction of data into a structured spreadsheet for eligible studies. The primary outcomes of interest were the number of clinical trials and the expenditure on clinical trials but data about other evaluations were also collected.

Results
There were 1694 potentially eligible reports that were reviewed. Full text assessments were done for 304, and 30 reports that provided data on 43 interventions were included– 29 that deployed targeted direct funding and 14 that provided tax rebates or exemptions. There were data describing effects on a primary outcome for 25/41 of the interventions. The most common types of interventions were direct funding to researchers via special granting mechanisms and tax offsets to companies and research organisations. All 25 of the studies for which data were available reported a positive impact on numbers and/or expenditure on clinical trials though the robustness of evaluations was limited for many. Estimates of the magnitude of effects of interventions were reported inconsistently, varied substantially, and could not be synthesised quantitatively, though targeted direct funding interventions appeared to be associated with more immediate impact on clinical trial activity.

Conclusion
There is a high likelihood that governments can increase clinical trial activity with either direct or indirect fiscal mechanisms. Direct funding may provide a more immediate and tangible return on investment than tax rebates.
Opinions on integrating couple counselling and female sexual reproductive health services into Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision services in Lilongwe, Malawi
Authors: Maseko Bertha , Bula Agatha , Sasse Simone , Thom Annie , Tsidya Mercy , Tang Jennifer , Hosseinipour Mina C. 
Published: September 2022

Background
Couples HIV Counselling and Testing (CHCT) has been found to be potentially beneficial than individual HIV Counselling and Testing for prevention and treatment of HIV. However, there are few health care opportunities for men and women to access health services together, leading to underutilization of CHCT service. Integrating female Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) services into male-dominated service could be more effective than trying to integrate men’s health services into female-dominated health services. A potential site for male-female service integration could be Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) centers.

Methodology
We conducted a qualitative study in Lilongwe, Malawi between June to August 2018. Twenty VMMC clients, 20 peers and 20 VMMC providers completed individual in-depth interviews to share their opinions on what they thought about integrating CHCT and other SRH Services into VMMC services. These proposed SRH services include family planning, cervical cancer screening, sexually transmitted infection management and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Content analysis was used to analyze the results.

Results
All participants were receptive to integration of CHCT, and most accepted the integration of SRH services into VMMC Services. Most VMMC clients, peers and care providers said that CHCT integration would help couples to know their HIV status, prevent HIV transmission, encourage healthy relationships, and provide a chance for women to participate in VMMC counselling and wound care. However, integration of other services, such as family planning and cervical cancer screening, drew mixed opinions among participants. Most VMMC clients, peers and providers felt that integration of services would promote male involvement and increase men’s knowledge in feminine sexual reproductive health services. A few providers expressed concerns over service integration, citing reasons such as overcrowding, work overload, gender mixing, and lack of provider capacity and space. Most participants supported integrating PrEP with VMMC Services and felt that PrEP would complement VMMC in HIV prevention. Few providers, peers and VMMC clients felt the addition of PrEP to VMMC services would lead to high-risk sexual activity that would then increase the risk for HIV acquisition. A few participants recommended community sensitization when integrating some of sexual reproductive health services into VMMC Services to mitigate negative perceptions about VMMC services and encourage service uptake among couples

Conclusion
Most participants service providers, VMMC clients and Peers were receptive to integrating SRH services, particularly HIV prevention services such as CHCT and PrEP, into male dominated VMMC services. Adequate community sensitization is required when introducing other SRH services into VMMC services.
Evaluation of the Young, Deadly, Syphilis Free multi-media campaign in remote Australia
Authors: D’Costa Belinda , Lobo Roanna , Sibosado Amanda , Leavy Justine E. , Crawford Gemma , Ward James 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Since 2011, remote Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities have experienced an outbreak of infectious syphilis, with young people aged 15–29 years over-represented in notifications. The Young Deadly Syphilis Free multi-media campaign was implemented in 12 remote regions in four Australian jurisdictions over nine months from 2017–2018. Campaign components included television and radio advertisements, social media posts, and health promotion resources available via a dedicated website. The aim of this research was to evaluate the impacts (proximal, mediator, distal) of the Young Deadly Syphilis Free campaign for young Aboriginal people and health and community workers residing in remote campaign regions.

Methods
A cross-sectional (post-only) evaluation design was used. Data were collected through online surveys; metrics for social media (Facebook, Instagram) were also collected to determine campaign engagement via social media. A 22-item young people survey assessed campaign awareness, exposure, message recognition and diagnostics (proximal variables); along with intended behaviour and knowledge and attitudes (mediator variables). A 24-item health and community worker survey assessed campaign awareness, exposure, message recognition and diagnostics (proximal variables); and changes in professional practice (distal variable). Descriptive statistics summarised demographic characteristics and univariate analysis examined associations between key variables.

Results
Just over half (n = 25, 58%) of young people and three quarters (n = 36; 75%) of health and community workers were aware of the campaign. Recognition of key campaign messages was high for both participant groups (>64%), and television, Facebook, and website were the most common campaign exposure routes. Positive impacts on intended behaviour (young people) and professional practice (health and community workers) were also reported. Facebook was effective in engaging some young people in campaign content and was preferred by young people for accessing information.

Conclusion
The findings point to the value of utilising a multi-media campaign in raising awareness about syphilis among young Aboriginal people and health and community workers in remote Australian regions. A longer-term campaign that accommodates the diverse needs of Aboriginal young people from geographically remote communities would optimise campaign impacts and support behavioural change.
Safety of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis
Authors: Yang I-Ning , Lu Chin-Li , Tang Hung-Jen , Kuo Yu-Chi , Tsai Li-Hwa , Tu Kuan Chieh , Wang Jhi-Joung , Chien Chih-Chiang 
Published: September 2022

Background
COVID-19 vaccination is essential. However, no study has reported adverse events (AEs) after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD). This study investigated the AEs within 30-days after the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV19 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) in ESRD patients on HD.

Methods and findings
A total of 270 ESRD patients on HD were enrolled in this study. To determine the significance of vascular access thrombosis (VAT) post vaccination, we performed a self-controlled case study (SCCS) analysis. Of these patients, 38.5% had local AEs; local pain (29.6%), tenderness (28.9%), and induration (15.6%) were the most common. Further, 62.2% had systemic AEs; fatigue (41.1%), feverishness (20%), and lethargy (19.9%) were the most common. In addition, post-vaccination thirst affected 18.9% of the participants with female predominance. Younger age, female sex, and diabetes mellitus were risk factors for AEs. Five patients had severe AEs, including fever (n = 1), herpes zoster (HZ) reactivation (n = 1), and acute VAT (n = 3). However, the SCCS analysis revealed no association between vaccination and VAT; the incidence rate ratio (IRR)-person ratio was 0.56 (95% CI 0.13–2.33) and 0.78 (95% CI 0.20–2.93) [IRR-event ratio 0.78 (95% CI 0.15–4.10) and 1.00 (95% CI 0.20–4.93)] in the 0–3 months and 3–6 months period prior to vaccination, respectively.

Conclusions
Though some ESRD patients on HD had local and systemic AEs after first-dose vaccination, the clinical significance of these symptoms was minor. Our study confirmed the safety profile of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in HD patients and presented a new viewpoint on vaccine-related AEs. The SCCS analysis did not find an elevated risk of VAT at 1 month following vaccination. Apart from VAT, other vaccine-related AEs, irrespective of local or systemic symptoms, had minor clinical significance on safety issues. Nonetheless, further coordinated, multi-center, or registry-based studies are needed to establish the causality.