bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinformatics analysis of microarray data to identify hub genes, as diagnostic biomarker of HELLP syndrome: System biology approach
Authors: Asadikalameh Zahra , Maddah Reza , Maleknia Mohsen , Nassaj Zohre S. , Ali Neda Seyed , Azizi Sepideh , Dastyar Fatemeh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundHELLP syndrome is one of the disorders characterized by hemolysis, increased liver enzymes and decreased platelet count. So far, many molecular pathways and genes have been identified in relation to the pathogenesis of this syndrome; however, the main cause of the incidence and progression of the disease has not been identified. Using the biological system approach is a way to target patients by identifying genes and molecular pathways. In this study, we investigated genes and important molecular factors in the pathogenesis of HELLP syndrome.Material and MethodsIn this study, the microarray dataset was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed using the GEO2R online tool for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Enrichment analysis of DEGs was evaluated using the Enrichr database. Then, protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed via the STRING database; they were visualized by Cytoscape. Then the STRING database was used to construct PPI networks. The hub genes were recognized using the cytoHubba. Ultimately, the interaction of the miRNA‐hub genes and drug‐hub genes were also evaluated.ResultAfter analysis, it was found that some genes with the highest degree of connectivity are involved in the pathogenesis of HELLP syndrome, which are known as the hub genes. These genes are as follows: KIT, JAK2, LEP, EP300, HIST1H4L, HIST1H4F, HIST1H4H, MMP9, THBS2, and ADAMTS3. Has‐miR‐34a‐5p was also most associated with hub genes.ConclusionFinally, it can be said, that the identification of genes and molecular pathways in HELLP syndrome can be helpful in identifying the pathogenesis pathways of the disease, and designing therapeutic targets.
Advanced MRI to differentiate schwannomas and metastases in the cerebellopontine angle/internal auditory canal
Authors: Ota Yoshiaki , Liao Eric , Zhao Raymond , Lobo Remy , Capizzano Aristides A. , Bapuraj Jayapalli Rajiv , Shah Gaurang , Baba Akira , Srinivasan Ashok 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposeDifferentiating schwannomas and metastases in the cerebellopontine angles (CPA)/internal auditory canals (IAC) can be challenging. This study aimed to assess the role of diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI) to differentiate schwannomas and metastases in the CPA/IAC.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 368 patients who were diagnosed with schwannomas or metastases in the CPA/IAC between April 2017 and February 2022 in a single academic center. Forty‐three patients had pretreatment DWI and DCE‐MRI along with conventional MRI. Normalized mean apparent diffusion coefficient ratio (nADCmean) and DCE‐MRI parameters of fractional plasma volume (Vp), flux rate constant (Kep), and forward volume transfer constant were compared along with patients’ demographics and conventional imaging features between schwannomas and metastases as appropriate. The diagnostic performances and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed using the significantly different values.ResultsBetween 23 schwannomas (15 males; median 48 years) and 20 metastases (9 males; median 61 years), nADCmean (median: 1.69 vs. 1.43; p = .002), Vp (median: 0.05 vs. 0.20; p < .001), and Kep (median: 0.41 vs. 0.81 minute−1; p < .001) were significantly different. The diagnostic performances of nADCmean, Vp, and Kep were 0.77, 0.90, and 0.83 area under the curves, with cutoff values of 1.68, 0.12, and 0.53, respectively. Vp was identified as the most significant parameter for the tumor differentiation in the multivariate logistic regression analysis (p < .001).ConclusionsDWI and DCE‐MRI can help differentiate CPA/IAC schwannomas and metastases, and Vp is the most significant parameter.
Postcrisis recovery in the regions of Europe: Does institutional quality matter?
Authors: Cutrini Eleonora 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates how institutional quality and its components (quality, impartiality, and control of corruption) are associated with the economic recovery in the aftermath of the global recession (2010–2016). The evidence suggests that the postcrisis dynamism of a region depends on whether its economy is accompanied by a good governance at the local level. The results also show the heterogeneity in the effects of institutional characteristics and other traditional determinants of growth for the high‐income club (core) and the low‐income club (periphery), respectively. This evidence can provide indications to define ad hoc policies apt to mitigate the recent surge in inequality among EU regions.
Gymnosporangium sabinae development cycle—Peculiarities and influencing factors
Authors: Lāce Baiba , Kārkliņa Katrīna , Deņisova Inese 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGymnosporangium sabinae (Dicks.) G. Winter, the causal agent of European pear rust, is a heteroecious rust fungus with a demicyclic life cycle—it produces teliospores and basidiospores on junipers, spermatia and aeciospores on pears. Environmental factors and agrotechnical methods influence the progress and duration of each stage, which is why the specifics and mechanisms of each stage of development are to be studied to predict the spread of the disease and its potential severity. A wide‐range study of European pear rust in Latvia started in 2008—the impact of agroecological factors on the biology of G. sabinae was studied. It was concluded that pears' infection depends on basidiospores' development and release, which is mainly influenced by favourable meteorological conditions—precipitation of at least 10 mm and an average air temperature not below 10°C. The pathogen develops on shoots in the same way as on leaves. However, the development on shoots is slower overall, and the pathogen cannot overwinter there.
Nurse consultant to day/child care centers
Authors: Schultz Celeste M. , Johnson Robin A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeApproximately 23.2 million children in the United States attend day care; however, many of these children often lack access to health care. Given the potential for advanced practice nurses to address this gap in health care, the authors sought to gain a better understanding of healthcare consulting provided by nurses to day/child care centers. The purpose of this scoping review is to examine the extent, range, and nature of evidence regarding the role of nurse consultants in day and childcare settings.Design and methodsA scoping review was conducted in CINAHL and PubMed, to report and summarize relevant literature published before 2020. Search terms included day or child care, nurse consultants, healthcare consultants, and day or child care health consultants.ResultsThe search produced 92 publications; 21 publications met the inclusion criteria and are included in the review. After independently reading the publications, the authors identified and agreed upon seven central themes. Themes included an analysis of the consulting process, description of the nurse consulting role in individual and large day and childcare settings, director's perceptions of health consultants, impact of nurse consultants, education and training, barriers to the healthcare consultant role, and political advocacy.Practice ImplicationsAdvanced nurse practitioner, particularly pediatric nurse practitioners (PNPs), possess the skill set in acute and chronic conditions, as well as health maintenance and promotion that can be translated and used in the role of the nurse consultant to day and child care centers. Having PNPs in this role may help to address primary healthcare needs of children.
Self‐reported symptoms of sleep‐disordered breathing and risk of cardiovascular diseases: Observational and Mendelian randomization findings
Authors: Titova Olga E. , Yuan Shuai , Baron John A. , Lindberg Eva , Michaëlsson Karl , Larsson Susanna C. 
Published: July 2022

SummarySleep‐disordered breathing may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, but observational findings are inconclusive. We investigated whether sleep‐disordered breathing‐related symptoms are associated with risk of several cardiovascular diseases using data from a cohort study and by performing Mendelian randomization analyses. The cohort study included 43,624 adults (56–94 years old) who completed questionnaires regarding symptoms of snoring and cessation of breathing, lifestyle habits and health characteristics. Participants were followed up for incident cardiovascular diseases and death over 8 years through linkage to the Swedish National Patient and Death Registers. The Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted using single‐nucleotide polymorphisms robustly associated with sleep apnea in a recent genome‐wide association study and summary‐level data for major cardiovascular diseases from large‐scale consortia. In the cohort study, an increased risk of atrial fibrillation was observed in participants who reported both snoring and cessation of breathing (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.16 [1.03–1.30]) compared with those without sleep‐disordered breathing symptoms. There was no association between sleep‐disordered breathing symptoms and risk of myocardial infarction, heart failure, aortic valve stenosis or abdominal aortic aneurysm in multivariable analyses. Mendelian randomization analyses showed no association of genetic liability to sleep apnea with myocardial infarction, heart failure or atrial fibrillation, but revealed a suggestive association with coronary artery disease (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.24 [1.02–1.52]).
Serum metabolomic profiles in dogs with chronic enteropathy
Authors: Walker Hannah K. , Boag Alisdair M. , Ottka Claudia , Lohi Hannes , Handel Ian , Gow Adam G. , Mellanby Richard J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic profiles differ between healthy humans and those with inflammatory bowel disease. Few studies have examined metabolic profiles in dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE).HypothesisSerum metabolic profiles of dogs with CE are significantly different from those of healthy dogs.AnimalsFifty‐five dogs with CE and 204 healthy controls.MethodsA cross‐sectional study. The serum concentrations of 99 metabolites measured using a canine‐specific proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy platform were studied. A 2‐sample unpaired t‐test was used to compare the 2 study samples. The threshold for significance was set at P < .05 with a Bonferroni correction for each metabolite group.ResultsNineteen metabolites and 18 indices of lipoprotein composition were significantly different between the CE and healthy dogs. Four metabolites were significantly higher in dogs with CE, including phenylalanine (mean and SD) (healthy: 0.0417 mmol/L; [SD] 0.0100; CE: 0.0480 mmol/L; SD: 0.0125; P value: <.001) and lactate (healthy: 1.8751 mmol/L; SD: 0.7808; CE: 2.4827 mmol/L; SD CE: 1.4166; P value: .003). Fifteen metabolites were significantly lower in dogs with CE, including total fatty acids, and glycine (healthy: 0.2273 mmol/L; SD: 0.0794; CE: 0.1828 mmol/L; SD CE: 0.0517; P value: <.001).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe metabolic profile of dogs with CE is significantly different from that of healthy dogs, this opens novel research avenues to develop better diagnostic and prognostic approaches as well as therapeutic trials.
Living under Ulva canopy: The case of the scavenger snail Buccinastrum deforme in a eutrophic macrotidal bay in Patagonia (Argentina)
Authors: Storero Lorena P. , Avaca María Soledad , Roche Andrea 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEutrophication results in macroalgal blooms with usually negative effects on the marine communities; nevertheless, positive and neutral effects have also been reported. We hypothesized that the macroalgal canopy plays an important role in secondary consumers like the scavenger snail Buccinastrum deforme through amelioration of physical stress and through carrion retention below the canopy. We evaluated if the canopy provided by Ulva spp. affected the habitat conditions and population traits of B. deforme in a macrotidal coastal system of North Patagonia. Our results indicated that the Ulva canopy was associated with lower desiccation, a higher abundance of crab carrions, and with larger and heavier snails. We did not, however, find differences in the sex ratio, the juvenile, and total density of B. deforme between microhabitats with and without an Ulva canopy. These results suggest that macroalgal canopy of Ulva has a modest ecological effect on B. deforme.
Genomic divergence of Stellera chamaejasme through local selection across the Qinghai–Tibet plateau and northern China
Authors: Hu Hongyin , Yang Yongzhi , Li Ao , Zheng Zeyu , Zhang Jin , Liu Jianquan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnderstanding how populations diverge and new species arise is a central question in evolutionary biology. “Allopatric” divergence through geographical isolation is considered to be the commonest mechanism generating species biodiversity in mountain ecosystems. However, the underlying genomic dynamics, especially genomic islands of elevated divergence and genes that are highly diverged as a result of lineage‐specific selection, remain poorly understood. Stellera chamaejasme has a wide geographical range across the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and northern China, making it a good model with which to explore genomic divergence during speciation in mountain ecosystems. We assembled a high‐quality, chromosome‐level genome for this species and resequenced the genomes of 24 populations across its major distribution. Our population genomic analyses recovered four distinct genetic lineages corresponding to geographical distributions with contrasting environments. However, we revealed continuous gene flow during the historical divergences of these four lineages. Interlineage hybrids and plastome introgressions were frequently found in regions of contact, which further increased gene flow between two contacting lineages in the recent past. The elevated divergences were highly heterogeneous across the genome and selection of ancestral polymorphisims and divergence hitchhiking contributed greatly to the formation of genomic islands. The highly diverged and lineage‐specific positively selected genes within and outside genomic islands were annotated to be mainly involved in local adaptation. Our results suggest that genomic divergence in S. chamaejasme is likely to have been triggered and maintained by local selection together with geographical isolation.
DNA metabarcoding reveals impact of local recruitment, dispersal, and hydroperiod on assembly of a zooplankton metacommunity
Authors: Kiemel Katrin , Weithoff Guntram , Tiedemann Ralph 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the environmental impact on the assembly of local communities in relation to their spatial and temporal connectivity is still a challenge in metacommunity ecology. This study aims to unravel underlying metacommunity processes and environmental factors that result in observed zooplankton communities. Unlike most metacommunity studies, we jointly examine active and dormant zooplankton communities using a DNA metabarcoding approach to overcome limitations of morphological species identification. We applied two‐fragment (COI and 18S) metabarcoding to monitor communities of 24 kettle holes over a two‐year period to unravel (i) spatial and temporal connectivity of the communities, (ii) environmental factors influencing local communities, and (iii) dominant underlying metacommunity processes in this system. We found a strong separation of zooplankton communities from kettle holes of different hydroperiods (degree of permanency) throughout the season, while the community composition within single kettle holes did not differ between years. Species richness was primarily dependent on pH and permanency, while species diversity (Shannon Index) was influenced by kettle hole location. Community composition was impacted by kettle hole size and surrounding field crops. Environmental processes dominated temporal and spatial processes. Sediment communities showed a different composition compared to water samples but did not differ between ephemeral and permanent kettle holes. Our results suggest that communities are mainly structured by environmental filtering based on pH, kettle hole size, surrounding field crops, and permanency. Environmental filtering based on specific conditions in individual kettle holes seems to be the dominant process in community assembly in the studied zooplankton metacommunity.
Genetic inhibition of PDK1 robustly reduces plaque deposition and ameliorates gliosis in the 5×FAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Ye Xiaolian , Chen Lu , Wang He , Peng Shixiao , Liu Mengjia , Yao Liyang , Zhang Yizhi , Shi Yun Stone , Cao Ying , Yang Jian‐Jun , Chen Guiquan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsAbundant recent evidence has shown that 3‐phosphoinositide‐dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) is activated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it remains unknown whether inhibition of PDK1 in neurons may affect AD‐like pathology in animal models of AD. Here, we aim to examine the effects of specific inactivation of neuronal PDK1 on pathology and behaviour in 5×FAD mice and to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms.MethodsThe Cre‐loxP system was employed to generate Pdk1 cKO/5×FAD mice, in which PDK1 is inactivated in excitatory neurons in the adult forebrain. Cellular and behavioural techniques were used to examine plaque burden, inflammatory responses and spatial working memory in mice. Biochemical and molecular analyses were conducted to investigate relevant mechanisms.ResultsFirst, Aβ deposition was massively decreased and gliosis was highly attenuated in Pdk1 cKO/5×FAD mice compared with 5×FAD mice. Second, memory deficits were significantly improved in Pdk1 cKO/5×FAD mice. Third, APP levels were notably decreased in Pdk1 cKO/5×FAD mice. Fourth, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling and ribosome biogenesis were reduced in Pdk1 cKO/5×FAD mice.ConclusionsNeuron‐specific deletion of PDK1 robustly ameliorates AD‐like pathology and improves spatial working memory in 5×FAD mice. We propose that genetic approach to inhibit PDK1 may be an effective strategy to slow AD.
Exercise‐induced hypoalgesic effects of different types of physical exercise in individuals with neck pain: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Senarath I. Dilhari , Chen Kexun K. , Weerasekara Ishanka , de Zoete Rutger M. J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the exercise‐induced hypoalgesic (EIH) effects of different types of physical exercise in individuals with neck pain.DesignSystematic review with meta‐analysis.Literature SearchAn electronic search of six databases was completed to include studies assessing EIH effects on neck pain.Study Selection CriteriaRandomized controlled trials, controlled trials, and observational studies that assessed before and immediate after‐effects of a single session of physical exercise in people with neck pain were included. Two reviewers independently screened records, extracted outcomes, assessed the risk of bias, and rated the quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.Data synthesisEIH is characterized by increased pain threshold, pain tolerance, and/or decreased sensitivity to painful stimuli or unpleasantness, which may last up to 30 min after a single bout of exercise. EIH is usually measured with quantitative sensory testing (QST) and is mostly taken as the difference between pre‐ and postexercise pressure pain threshold (PPT). Data were pooled and analyzed using a fixed‐effect meta‐analysis.ResultsEleven articles were included in this review; nine with low risk of bias and two with some concerns about the risk of bias. Three studies with chronic whiplash‐associated disorders (WAD) were included in the meta‐analysis; isometric exercise had a larger EIH effect at the local testing site compared with submaximal aerobic exercises (MD = −0.21, [95% CI = −0.43, 0.00], p = 0.05, I2 = 92%), submaximal aerobic and isometric exercises had equal EIH effects at the remote testing site (MD = 0.01, [95% CI = −0.33, 0.35], p = 0.95, I2 = 0%), and submaximal aerobic exercises exerted comparably larger EIH effect at the remote testing site than local testing site (MD = −0.01, [95% CI = −0.20, 0.18], p = 0.93, I2 = 56%). The certainty of evidence (GRADE) for these analyses was low to very low. According to the descriptive analysis of the studies of chronic nonspecific neck pain, isometric and range of motion (ROM) exercises have shown EIH effects. Active stretching exercises have illustrated contradictory effects.ConclusionIsometric and ROM exercises exerted hypoalgesia at local and remote sites. A larger EIH effect following submaximal aerobic exercises was exerted at the remote testing site compared with the local site.
Genetic modification of flavone biosynthesis in rice enhances biofilm formation of soil diazotrophic bacteria and biological nitrogen fixation
Authors: Yan Dawei , Tajima Hiromi , Cline Lauren C. , Fong Reedmond Y. , Ottaviani Javier I. , Shapiro Howard‐Yana , Blumwald Eduardo 
Published: July 2022

SummaryImproving biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in cereal crops is a long‐sought objective; however, no successful modification of cereal crops showing increased BNF has been reported. Here, we described a novel approach in which rice plants were modified to increase the production of compounds that stimulated biofilm formation in soil diazotrophic bacteria, promoted bacterial colonization of plant tissues and improved BNF with increased grain yield at limiting soil nitrogen contents. We first used a chemical screening to identify plant‐produced compounds that induced biofilm formation in nitrogen‐fixing bacteria and demonstrated that apigenin and other flavones induced BNF. We then used CRISPR‐based gene editing targeting apigenin breakdown in rice, increasing plant apigenin contents and apigenin root exudation. When grown at limiting soil nitrogen conditions, modified rice plants displayed increased grain yield. Biofilm production also modified the root microbiome structure, favouring the enrichment of diazotrophic bacteria recruitment. Our results support the manipulation of the flavone biosynthetic pathway as a feasible strategy for the induction of biological nitrogen fixation in cereals and a reduction in the use of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers.