bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computed tomography scan in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mahdavi Sharif Pouya , Nematizadeh Mehran , Saghazadeh Mahdia , Saghazadeh Amene , Rezaei Nima 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionComputed tomography (CT) scan is a commonly used tool for the diagnosis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), similarly to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Because of the limitations of RT-PCR, there is growing interest in the usability of the CT scan. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarize the available data on the CT scan features of COVID-19.Material and methodsWe conducted a systematic search in electronic databases to find eligible studies published between 1 December 2019 and 4 April 2020, which investigated the computed tomographic features of patients with COVID-19. All preprint and peer-reviewed articles were included. No language limitation was applied. For proportional data, pooled prevalence was calculated using a Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation, with a 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsEighty-six studies were eligible to be included in the meta-analysis. For 7956 patients, the most common CT findings were bilateral pattern of involvement (78%; 95% CI: 0.73-0.82; p < 0.001), involvement of more than 1 lobe (75%; 95% CI: 0.68-0.82; p < 0.001), ground-glass opacities (GGO) (73%; 95% CI: 0.67-0.78; p < 0.001), and periphe­ral distribution of signs (69%; 95% CI: 0.61-0.76; p < 0.001). Only 5% of patients had a normal CT scan (95% CI: 0.03-0.07; p < 0.001). The proportion of paediatric patients (age < 18 years) with unremarkable CT findings was higher (40%; 95% CI: 0.27-0.55; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with the severe or critical type of COVID-19 were more likely to have pleural effusion (RR 7.77; 95% CI: 3.97-15.18; p < 0.001) and consolidation (RR 3.13; 95% CI: 1.57-6.23; p < 0.001). CT results in patients with COVID-19 were comparable with those of people having pneumonia from other causes, except for the lower incidence of consolidation (RR 0.81; 95% CI: 0.71-0.91; p < 0.001) and higher risk of showing GGO (RR 1.45; 95% CI: 1.13-1.86; p < 0.001). The mortality rate was slightly higher in patients with bilateral involvement (RR 3.19; 95% CI: 1.07-9.49; p = 0.04).ConclusionsOur study results show that COVID-19 shares some features with other viral types of pneumonia, despite some differences. They commonly present as GGO along with vascular thickening, air bronchogram and consolidations. Normal CT images, lymphadenopathies, and pleural effusions are not common. Consolidations and pleural effusions correlate with more severe disease. CT features are different between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 pneumonia. Also, they differ by age, disease severity, and outcomes within COVID-19 patients.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA O TRATAMENTO DOS PROBLEMAS DE SAÚDE MENTAL DECORRENTES DA PANDEMIA DO COVID-19
Authors: Costa Anna Carolina Amorim da 
Published: February 2022

Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), a ansiedade afeta 18,6 milhões de brasileiros e os transtornos mentais são responsáveis por mais de um terço do número de pessoas incapacitadas nas Américas. O presente artigo analisa o aumento das diversas doenças mentais após o início da pandemia Covid-19 e, diante das graves conseqüências que a longo prazo impactarão na sociedade, evidencia a necessidade de implementação de políticas públicas municipais adequadas e eficazes para o reestabelecimento da saúde mental dos cidadãos. Tamanha é a importância que deve ser dada ao tema, que a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) inseriu a “síndrome do esgotamento profissional”, chamada como Burnout, no rol de doenças ocupacionais desde 1º de janeiro de 2022, doença que pode ensejar no afastamento do trabalho. É crucial o tratamento dessas doenças para o bem-estar da coletividade e para o futuro das companhias públicas e privadas, que terão que redobrar os cuidados com a saúde mental de seus servidores e colaboradores.
Into the Noddyverse: a massive data store of 3D geological models for machine learning and inversion applications
Authors: Jessell Mark , Guo Jiateng , Li Yunqiang , Lindsay Mark , Scalzo Richard , Giraud Jérémie , Pirot Guillaume , Cripps Ed , Ogarko Vitaliy 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Unlike some other well-known challenges such as facial recognition, where
machine learning and inversion algorithms are widely developed, the
geosciences suffer from a lack of large, labelled data sets that can be used
to validate or train robust machine learning and inversion schemes. Publicly
available 3D geological models are far too restricted in both number and the
range of geological scenarios to serve these purposes. With reference to
inverting geophysical data this problem is further exacerbated as in most
cases real geophysical observations result from unknown 3D geology, and
synthetic test data sets are often not particularly geological or
geologically diverse. To overcome these limitations, we have used the Noddy
modelling platform to generate 1 million models, which represent the first
publicly accessible massive training set for 3D geology and resulting
gravity and magnetic data sets (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4589883, Jessell, 2021). This model suite
can be used to train machine learning systems and to provide comprehensive
test suites for geophysical inversion. We describe the methodology for
producing the model suite and discuss the opportunities such a model suite
affords, as well as its limitations, and how we can grow and access this
resource.
Analisis Penggunaan Video sebagai Media Pembelajaran Terpadu terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Maulani Siska , Nuraisyah Nisa , Zarina Dini , Velinda Intan , Aeni Ani Nur 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya keberadaan media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi berupa video pembelajaran. Adanya video pembelajaran ini sebagai upaya motivasi belajar siswa dimana dapat menciptakan suasana belajar yang menyenangkan dan siswa tidak merasa bosan selama pembelajaran berlangsung. Karena jarang sekali guru yang dalam kegiatan pembelajarannya menggunakan video. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penggunaan video sebagai media pembelajaran terpadu terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas III SDN 1 Paniis yang berjumlah 26 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket. Angket untuk mengukur motivasi belajar, respon siswa dan penyajian video dalam pembelajaran terpadu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Penggunaan video dalam pembelajaran terpadu memberikan kontribusi yang baik terhadap motivasi belajar siswa, dilihat dari frekuensi kategori sangat setuju sebesar 67,25%, 2) Siswa memberikan respon yang kurang baik terhadap pembelajaran terpadu menggunakan video pembelajaran, dilihat dari frekuensi kategori sangat setuju sebesar 43,5%, 3) Penyajian video dalam pembelajaran terpadu telah disajikan dengan baik, dilihat dari frekuensi kategori sangat setuju sebesar 63% .
CONSOLIDAÇÃO DOS CÓDIGOS DO SISTEMA DE GERENCIAMENTO DA TABELA DE PROCEDIMENTOS, MEDICAMENTOS E OPM DO SUS (SIGTAP) PARA ODONTOLOGIA
Authors: Barbara Monteiro Miranda Emili , Pereira Mitre Geovanni , Magalhães Alves Mayra Emanuele , Silva do Nascimento Liliane 
Published: February 2022

Os Sistemas de informação em saúde são ferramentas de gestão onde são inseridos os dados dos atendimentos em saúde, onde são processados, validados e divulgados, gerando informações do território. Essas informações devem ser utilizadas para o planejamento das ações em saúde, para a execução, monitoramento e replanejamento, mas para que essas informações sejam de qualidade é necessário que o profissional da saúde as insira no sistema corretamente, desta forma o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma pesquisa documental descritiva para consolidação dos códigos de procedimentos de odontologia para auxiliar na gestão, e na inserção dos códigos de procedimentos para o Sistema de Boletim Ambulatorial Magnético e sistema SiSAB, através de um documento de consulta rápida. Foram encontradas 17 combinações para os seis números iniciais do código que correspondeu ao grupo, subgrupo e forma de organização, no total foram encontrados 169 códigos para procedimentos e ações relacionados à odontologia. A qualidade da informação que será gerada pelo sistema dependerá diretamente da inserção correta dos dados dos atendimentos em saúde realizados nos estabelecimentos nos sistemas de informação, e o conhecimento dos códigos da tabela do SIGTAP é imprescindível para isso, pois com os dados inseridos corretamente será possível ter informações fidedignas para o diagnóstico situacional em saúde, tendo como conseqüência ações e serviços equânimes.
Development and Validation of Ultra-Rapid Periodic Acid–Schiff Stain for Use in Identifying Fungus on Frozen Section
Authors: Broadwater Devin R. , Messersmith Lynn M. , Bishop Bradie N. , Tomkovich Ashleigh M. , Salinas Jesse R. , Lynch David T. 
Published: February 2022

Context.—
There is no standardized process for utilization of periodic acid–Schiff during intraoperative frozen sections to identify fungal organisms.

Objective.—
To develop a rapid staining process for fresh tissue with periodic acid–Schiff during intraoperative consultation and develop an appropriate control block.

Design.—
Muscle tissue was inoculated with 2 species of fungus (Aspergillus fumigatus and Paecilomyces spp) and grown at 3 different temperatures for 72 hours. Inoculated tissue was embedded in optimal cutting temperature compound, cut, and stained using a modified periodic acid–Schiff stain. The optimal control was determined for future use as the standard control. Multiple control slides were cut and stained, using successively shorter time intervals for each step. The staining process that provided accurate results in the shortest amount of time was deemed ultra-rapid periodic acid–Schiff. This method was validated by carryover studies and clinical specimens.

Results.—
Paecilomyces spp incubated at 30°C for 72 hours was the most optimal positive control, with numerous yeast and hyphal forms. The fastest staining process involved 2 minutes of periodic acid and Schiff reagent and 10 dips of light green solution. Tap water was as effective as distilled water. Validation was successfully achieved. Clinical cases all stained identical to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue stained with hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid–Schiff.

Conclusions.—
Ultra-rapid periodic acid–Schiff provides fast and reliable identification of fungal organisms on fresh tissue. Development of a concurrent positive control allows for quality control and validation.
Pain threshold in selected trigger points of superficial muscles of the back in young adults
Authors: Cygańska Anna Katarzyna , Tomaszewski Paweł , Cabak Anna 
Published: February 2022

Background
Monitoring of pain threshold is the basis for verification of the effectiveness of therapy or assessment of the patient’s condition. This study aimed to determine the pain threshold of selected superficial muscles of the back taking into account trigger point activity in young and healthy males and females, with the evaluation of intrarater reliability of algometric measurements.

Material and methods
The study examined 30 young adult participants (15 males and 15 females) aged 26.23 ± 3.21, and BMI of 23.80 ± 3.43. The Pain Test FPX Algometer (Wagner) was used for the study. Trigger points on the levator scapulae and trapezius muscles (superior and inferior portion) on both sides were examined. It was also verified whether the trigger points studied are active or inactive. Furthermore, an author’s survey questionnaire was used.

Results
Within the trigger points of the right (p = 0.04) and left (p = 0.02) superior trapezius muscle and the left (p = 0.04) levator scapulae muscle, the pain threshold values were higher in the male group. There was a statistically significantly higher number of active trigger points in the female group compared to that in the male group (2.49 ± 1.51 vs. 1.07 ± 1.16, respectively), p = 0.01. For all muscles tested, mean pain threshold values were significantly higher for inactive trigger points. A greater number of active trigger points is associated with lower pain thresholds at these points (left: the superior trapezius, r = −0.597, the inferior trapezius, r = −0.609; the levator scapulae, r = −0.746; right: the superior trapezius, r = −0.610, the inferior trapezius, r = −0.604; the levator scapulae, r = −0.747). The evaluation of the intrarater reliability showed excellent agreement between the first and second measurements, ICC > 0.987 for all examined trigger points.

Conclusions
(1) Women who reported pain more than once a week in the studied muscles showed a greater number of active trigger points. (2) A greater number of active trigger points in female is related to a lower pain threshold (which is associated with greater pain sensitivity) in female than in male. (3) A sample size of 30 people seems sufficient to detect variations in the pain threshold at active and inactive trigger points of selected back muscles, especially when the frequency of occurrence of both types of points is comparable.
Parametric Correlation between Different Parameters of a Straight Subsoiler
Authors: Allaie Saqib Parvaze , D’souza P. M. , Moses S. C. , Aalam Rana Noor , Paul Ajit 
Published: February 2022

Agricultural subsoilers are used to break the hardpans below the level of the tillage depth. Weight reduction without compromising safety is one of the primary design objectives of the subsoiler. The thickness, length of curve, and width of shank are all critical parameters in designing a straight subsoiler. Identifying the significance of geometrical parameters maximizes structural safety and minimizes weight. An analysis of the parametric correlation between the output and input parameters of a straight subsoiler is presented in this paper. Parameter correlation was conducted to detect the degree to which the output parameters are influenced by the input parameters and the sensitivity of the input parameters to the output parameters. Analysis was performed using the Parameter Correlation tool of ANSYS Workbench. Results indicated that the thickness of the shank and width of the shank influenced the output parameters significantly, whereas the length of the curve of the inclined subsoiler had no significant influence on the output parameters. The thickness of shank has the highest relevance with the straight subsoiler mass having a correlation value of 0.78919 and R2 contribution of 0.60063. The width of shank has the highest relevance with total deformation with a correlation value of -0.77197 and an R2 contribution of 0.59353. Increasing thickness and width of shank of the subsoiler leads to an increasing trend in the subsoiler mass, safety factor, and volume. Increasing thickness and width of shank lead to decreasing trends in total deformation, equivalent stress, and maximum principal stress. Changes in length of curve of the straight subsoiler did not lead to any trend in the output parameters. Thus, thickness and width of shank were designated as the major input parameters while length of curve was designated as the minor input parameter.
Use of Different Types of Alternative Medicine in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Abrar Muhammad , Nadeem Mazhar , Fatima Sunila 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder whose hallmarks are hyperglycemia accompanied by persistent damage, dysfunction and failure of various organ systems.
Objectives of the Study: To assess the frequency of use alternative medicine for Diabetes Mellitus.
Methodology of the Study: This cross sectional study was conducted during June 2019 to April 2020 at Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal. Data regarding prevalence of alternative medicines usage in Pakistan, is not available. Thus, to calculate sample size, prevalence of India is being used which is 67%.
Results: The data was collected from 400 patients and there was 167 male and 233 female. The mean age was 52.93±12.97 years. There are 113 patients who was suffering from diabetes from less than 5 years and almost 187 patients who was suffering more than 10 years. There were 189 patients who have good diabetic control as compared to others. There are 158 patients who used CAM for diseases control.
Conclusion: It is concluded that patients might be less compelled to seek a CAM therapy or any other medical therapy if they have relatively few symptoms.
Charge Relays via Dual Carbon‐Actions on Nanostructured BiVO4 for High Performance Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Yuxiang , Chen Daoming , Zhang Jingnan , (Jie Tang) Balogun M.‐Sadeeq , Wang Pingshan , Tong Yexiang , Huang Yongchao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPhotoelectrochemical water splitting based on nanostructured bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) can be a promising strategy to produce low‐cost and green H2 to replace fossil fuels and realize carbon neutrality. Herein, a simple chemical way to realize in situ carbon doping into BiVO4 crystalline structure is designed and obtained carbon‐doped BiVO4, namely C‐BiVO4, can improve the electronic conductivity of BiVO4. In addition, the introduction of the synthesized carbon quantum dots (CQDs) as a co‐catalyst, immobilizes CQDs onto the C‐BiVO4 nanosheet and acquires the optimized C‐BiVO4/CQDs heterogeneous structure, which not only boosts light absorption, but also enhances the separation and transfer of the photo‐generated charges. Stemming from the dual carbon actions, the as‐prepared C‐BiVO4/CQDs photoanode exhibits an excellent photocurrent density of 4.83 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus the RHE without the use of any hole scavengers. To assure the practical application of the sensitive photocatalyst, a polyaniline layer is electroplated onto the C‐BiVO4/CQDs catalyst as a conducting, electroactive, and protective layer to sustain a remarkable long‐term photocurrent density of 2.75 mA cm−2 for 9 hours. This work suggests that the proposed low‐cost, environmentally friendly dual carbon actions can modify photocatalyst and achieve green production of H2.
Oxygen Ion Implantation Improving Cell Adhesion on Titanium Surfaces through Increased Attraction of Fibronectin PHSRN Domain
Authors: Shi Miusi , Mo Wenting , Qi Haoning , Ni Yueqi , Wang Rui , Shen Kailun , Zhang Fanyu , Jiang Shuting , Zhang Xuehui , Chen Lili , Zhang Yufeng , Deng Xuliang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMechanistic understanding of fibronectin (FN) adsorption which determines cell adhesion on cell–implant interfaces is significant for improving the osteoconduction and soft‐tissue healing of implants. Here, it is shown that the adsorption behavior of FN on the titanium oxide surface (TiO2) is highly relative to its Pro‐His‐Ser‐Arg‐Asn (PHSRN) peptide. FN lacking PHSRN fails to bind to surfaces, resulting in inhibited cell adhesion and spreading. Molecular dynamics simulation shows higher affinity and greater adsorption energy of PHSRN peptide with TiO2 surface due to the stronger hydrogen bonds formed by the serine and arginine residues with O ion of the substrate. Finally, by increasing O content in TiO2 surfaces through O ion‐beam implantation, improving the cell adhesion, cell differentiation, and the subsequent biomineralization on titanium implant is realized. This study reveals the vital role of PHSRN in FN‐mediated cell adhesion on implant surfaces, providing a promising new target for further tissue integration and implant success.
The Pivotal Role of s‐, p‐, and f‐Block Metals in Water Electrolysis: Status Quo and Perspectives
Authors: Chen Ziliang , Yang Hongyuan , Kang Zhenhui , Driess Matthias , Menezes Prashanth W. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTransition metals, in particular noble metals, are the most common species in metal‐mediated water electrolysis because they serve as highly active catalytic sites. In many cases, the presence of nontransition metals, that is, s‐, p‐, and f‐block metals with high natural abundance in the earth‐crust in the catalytic material is indispensable to boost efficiency and durability in water electrolysis. This is why alkali metals, alkaline‐earth metals, rare‐earth metals, lean metals, and metalloids receive growing interest in this research area. In spite of the pivotal role of these nontransition metals in tuning efficiency of water electrolysis, there is far more room for developments toward a knowledge‐based catalyst design. In this review, five classes of nontransition metals species which are successfully utilized in water electrolysis, with special emphasis on electronic structure–catalytic activity relationships and phase stability, are discussed. Moreover, specific fundamental aspects on electrocatalysts for water electrolysis as well as a perspective on this research field are also addressed in this account. It is anticipated that this review can trigger a broader interest in using s‐, p‐, and f‐block metals species toward the discovery of advanced polymetal‐containing electrocatalysts for practical water splitting.
Design Rules of a Sulfur Redox Electrocatalyst for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Wang Li , Hua Wuxing , Wan Xiang , Feng Ze , Hu Zhonghao , Li Huan , Niu Juntao , Wang Linxia , Wang Ansheng , Liu Jieyu , Lang Xiuyao , Wang Geng , Li Weifang , Yang Quan‐Hong , Wang Weichao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSeeking an electrochemical catalyst to accelerate the liquid‐to‐solid conversion of soluble lithium polysulfides to insoluble products is crucial to inhibit the shuttle effect in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries and thus increase their practical energy density. Mn‐based mullite (SmMn2O5) is used as a model catalyst for the sulfur redox reaction to show how the design rules involving lattice matching and 3d‐orbital selection improve catalyst performance. Theoretical simulation shows that the positions of Mn and O active sites on the (001) surface are a good match with those of Li and S atoms in polysulfides, resulting in their tight anchoring to each other. Fundamentally, dz2 and dx2−y2 around the Fermi level are found to be crucial for strongly coupling with the p‐orbitals of the polysulfides and thus decreasing the redox overpotential. Following the theoretical calculation, SmMn2O5 catalyst is synthesized and used as an interlayer in a Li–S battery. The resulted battery has a high cycling stability over 1500 cycles at 0.5 C and more promisingly a high areal capacity of 7.5 mAh cm−2 is achieved with a sulfur loading of ≈5.6 mg cm−2 under the condition of a low electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) value ≈4.6 µL mg−1.