bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-Gaussianities in collider energy flux
Authors: Chen Hao , Moult Ian , Thaler Jesse , Zhu Hua Xing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The microscopic dynamics of particle collisions is imprinted into the statistical properties of asymptotic energy flux, much like the dynamics of inflation is imprinted into the cosmic microwave background. This energy flux is characterized by correlation functions $$ \left\langle \mathcal{E}\left({\overrightarrow{n}}_1\right)\cdots \mathcal{E}\left({\overrightarrow{n}}_k\right)\right\rangle $$

E

n
→

1

⋯
E

n
→

k

of energy flow operators $$ \mathcal{E}\left(\overrightarrow{n}\right) $$
E

n
→

. There has been significant recent progress in studying energy flux, including the calculation of multi-point correlation functions and their direct measurement inside high-energy jets at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In this paper, we build on these advances by defining a notion of “celestial non-gaussianity” as a ratio of the three-point function to a product of two-point functions. We show that this celestial non-gaussianity is under perturbative control within jets at the LHC, allowing us to cleanly access the non-gaussian interactions of quarks and gluons. We find good agreement between perturbative calculations of the non-gaussianity and a charged-particle-based analysis using CMS Open Data, and we observe a strong non-gaussianity peaked in the “flattened triangle” regime. The ability to robustly study three-point correlations is a significant step in advancing our understanding of jet substructure at the LHC. We anticipate that the celestial non-gaussianity, and its generalizations, will play an important role in the development of higher-order parton showers simulations and in the hunt for ever more subtle signals of potential new physics within jets.
Tetracycline residues in tilapia and catfish tissue and the effect of different cooking methods on oxytetracycline and doxycycline residues
Authors: Morshdy Alaa Eldin M. A. , Hussein Mohamed A. M. , Mohamed Mohamed Ali Abdrabo , Hamed Eslam , El-Murr Abd Elhakeem , Darwish Wageh Sobhy 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFish such as tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is an important source of high biological value animal protein. Fish can be exposed to antimicrobials in intensive aquaculture systems or exposed to remnants of the antimicrobials released to various water bodies via drainage systems. This study aimed at screening for antimicrobial residues in two major fish species commonly consumed in Egypt, namely, tilapia, and catfish, either in wild or cultured fish using a microbial inhibition assay. Besides, quantitative estimation of tetracycline (oxytetracycline and doxycycline) residues in the edible fish muscles was carried out using the solid phase extraction (SPE) technique and high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection (HPLC-PAD). In addition, the effects of different cooking methods (pan-frying, grilling, and microwaving) on oxytetracycline and doxycycline residues in tilapia and catfish were investigated. The microbiological inhibition assay revealed that 2, 24, 18, and 32% of the examined wild tilapia, cultured tilapia, wild catfish, and cultured catfish, respectively, contained antibiotic residues. Cultured tilapia, wild catfish, and cultured catfish had mean concentrations of oxytetracycline residues of 0.147 ± 0.067, 0.106 ± 0.046, and 0.313 ± 0.044 µg/g. 3 (6%), 4 (8%), and 9 (18%) of the sampled cultured tilapia, wild catfish, and cultured catfish exceeded the established maximum permissible limits (MPL) of tetracycline (0.100 ng/g). The mean concentrations of doxycycline residues were 0.276 ± 0.045, 0.026 ± 0.004, and 0.070 ± 0.010 µg/g in cultured tilapia, wild catfish, and cultured catfish, respectively, with 2 (4%) of the cultured tilapia exceeding the MPL of doxycycline. Consumption of fish with high residual levels of tetracyclines might pose potential health risks to consumers. In an experimental trial, heat treatment of tilapia and catfish could significantly reduce both oxytetracycline and doxycycline residues, particularly grilling had the highest reduction rates.
General, spinal or regional anaesthesia does not affect strength performance 6 months after ACL reconstruction
Authors: Wenning M. , Mauch M. , Heitner A. H. , Heinrich S. , Sofack G. N. , Behrens M. , Ritzmann R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The recovery of strength is a key element in successfully returning to sports after ACL reconstruction. The type of anaesthesia has been suspected an influential factor in the post-operative recovery of muscle function.

Methods
In this retrospective analysis, n = 442 consecutive patients undergoing primary isolated ACL reconstruction using a hamstring autograft were analysed by pre- and post-operative isokinetic tests in a single orthopaedic centre. These were subdivided into four cohorts: (1) general anaesthesia (n = 47), (2) general anaesthesia with prolonged (48 h) on-demand femoral nerve block (n = 37), (3) spinal anaesthesia (n = 169) and (4) spinal anaesthesia with prolonged (48 h) on-demand femoral nerve block (n = 185). Primary outcome was the change from pre- to post-operative isokinetic strength during knee extension and flexion.

Results
Using one-way ANOVA, there was no significant influence of the type of anaesthesia. The main effect of anaesthesia on change in extension forces was not significant, and effect sizes were very small (n.s.). Similarly, the main effect of anaesthesia on change in flexion forces was statistically not significant (n.s.).

Conclusions
The findings of this study support the interpretation that the type of anaesthesia has no significant effect on the ability to recover thigh muscle strength 6 months after isolated hamstring ACL reconstruction. With regard to the recovery of athletic performance and return-to-sports testing criteria, there is no reason to avoid regional anaesthesia.

Level of evidence
III.
How to trust size distributions obtained by single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis
Authors: Gimenez-Ingalaturre Ana C. , Ben-Jeddou Khaoula , Perez-Arantegui Josefina , Jimenez María S. , Bolea Eduardo , Laborda Francisco 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSingle particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS) is a technique widely used to obtain direct information about the number concentration and the size distribution of nanoparticles in liquid suspensions. However, its methods still lack clear quality control strategies to confirm the validity of the information derived from them. Only the detection of the complete size distribution of the nanoparticles in a sample over the size critical value ensures obtaining unbiased quantitative information, otherwise information should be restricted to report the presence of nanoparticles over a certain size and number concentration since their actual total number concentration is underestimated and the size overestimated. Under the latter conditions, data processing produces histograms showing the tails of the incomplete size distributions, although apparently, complete distributions can also be obtained when particle events are recorded as peaks, as reported here for the first time. The occurrence of these misleading situations must be critically evaluated for each SP-ICP-MS analysis. An approach, based on estimation of size critical values and successive dilutions, is proposed for the assessment of the validity of the quantitative information obtained, together with specific criteria for reconsidering the information that can be derived from those measurements. The approach was verified with different case studies and applied to the analysis of complex nanomaterials, confirming the validity of the reported information by comparison with other techniques. A calculation tool is also included to facilitate the estimation of size critical values under experimental conditions.
Graphical abstract
Asymptotics of the Determinant of Discrete Laplacians on Triangulated and Quadrangulated Surfaces
Authors: Izyurov Konstantin , Khristoforov Mikhail 
Published: July 2022

AbstractConsider a surface$$\Omega $$Ωwith a boundary obtained by gluing together a finite number of equilateral triangles, or squares, along their boundaries, equipped with a vector bundle with a flat unitary connection. Let$$\Omega ^{\delta }$$Ωδbe a discretization of this surface, in which each triangle or square is discretized by a bi-periodic lattice of mesh size$$\delta $$δ, possessing enough symmetries so that these discretizations can be glued together seamlessly. We show that the logarithm of the product of non-zero eigenvalues of the discrete Laplacian acting on the sections of the bundle is asymptotic to$$\begin{aligned} A|\Omega ^{\delta }|+B|\partial \Omega ^{\delta }|+C\log \delta +D+o(1). \end{aligned}$$A|Ωδ|+B|∂Ωδ|+Clogδ+D+o(1).HereAandBare constants that depend only on the lattice,Cis an explicit constant depending on the bundle, the angles at conical singularities and at corners of the boundary, andDis a sum of lattice-dependent contributions from singularities and a universal term that can be interpreted as a zeta-regularization of the determinant of the continuum Laplacian acting on the sections of the bundle. We allow for Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions, or mixtures thereof. Our proof is based on an integral formula for the determinant in terms of theta function, and the functional Central limit theorem.
K-Theoretic DT/PT Correspondence for Toric Calabi–Yau 4-Folds
Authors: Cao Yalong , Kool Martijn , Monavari Sergej 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRecently, Nekrasov discovered a new “genus” for Hilbert schemes of points on $${\mathbb {C}}^4$$

C

4

. We extend its definition to Hilbert schemes of curves and moduli spaces of stable pairs, and conjecture a K-theoretic DT/PT correspondence for toric Calabi–Yau 4-folds. We develop a K-theoretic vertex formalism, which allows us to verify our conjecture in several cases. Taking a certain limit of the equivariant parameters, we recover the cohomological DT/PT correspondence for toric Calabi–Yau 4-folds recently conjectured by the first two authors. Another limit gives a dimensional reduction to the K-theoretic DT/PT correspondence for toric 3-folds conjectured by Nekrasov–Okounkov. As an application of our techniques, we find a conjectural formula for the generating series of K-theoretic stable pair invariants of $$\text {Tot}_{{\mathbb {P}}^1}({\mathcal {O}}(-1) \oplus {\mathcal {O}}(-1) \oplus {\mathcal {O}})$$

Tot

P

1

(
O

(
-
1
)

⊕
O

(
-
1
)

⊕
O
)

. Upon dimensional reduction to the resolved conifold, we recover a formula which was recently proved by Kononov–Okounkov–Osinenko.
Co-cultivation of filamentous microorganisms in the presence of aluminum oxide microparticles
Authors: Boruta Tomasz , Antecka Anna 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the present work, the approaches of submerged co-cultivation and microparticle-enhanced cultivation (MPEC) were combined and evaluated over the course of three case studies. The filamentous fungus Aspergillus terreus was co-cultivated with Penicillium rubens, Streptomyces rimosus, or Cerrena unicolor in shake flasks with or without the addition of aluminum oxide microparticles. The influence of microparticles on the production of lovastatin, penicillin G, oxytetracycline, and laccase in co-cultures was compared with the effects recorded for the corresponding monocultures. In addition, the quantitative analyses of morphological parameters, sugars consumption, and by-products formation were performed. The study demonstrated that the influence of microparticles on the production of a given molecule in mono- and co-culture may differ considerably, e.g., the biosynthesis of oxytetracycline was shown to be inhibited due to the presence of aluminum oxide in “A. terreus vs. S. rimosus” co-cultivation variants but not in S. rimosus monocultures. The differences were also observed regarding the morphological characteristics, e.g., the microparticles-induced changes of projected area in the co-cultures and the corresponding monocultures were not always comparable. In addition, the study showed the importance of medium composition on the outcomes of MPEC, as exemplified by lovastatin production in A. terreus monocultures. Finally, the co-cultures of A. terreus with a white-rot fungus C. unicolor were described here for the first time.

Key points
• Aluminum oxide affects secondary metabolites production in submerged co-cultures.
• Mono- and co-cultures are differently impacted by the addition of aluminum oxide.
• Effect of aluminum oxide on metabolites production depends on medium composition.
COVID-19 vaccination and carditis in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chou Oscar Hou In , Mui Jonathan , Chung Cheuk To , Radford Danny , Ranjithkumar Simon , Evbayekha Endurance , Nam Ronald , Pay Levent , Satti Danish Iltaf , Garcia-Zamora Sebastian , Bazoukis George , Çinier Göksel , Lee Sharen , Vassiliou Vassilios S. , Liu Tong , Tse Gary , Wong Ian Chi Kei ,   the Cardiovascular Analytics Group, the International Health Informatics Study Network, Chou Oscar Hou In , Liu Tong , Tse Gary 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccination has been associated with the development of carditis, especially in children and adolescent males. However, the rates of these events in the global setting have not been explored in a systematic manner. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the rates of carditis in children and adolescents receiving COVID-19 vaccines.

Methods
PubMed, Embase and several Latin American databases were searched for studies. The number of events, and where available, at-risk populations were extracted. Rate ratios were calculated and expressed as a rate per million doses received. Subgroup analysis based on the dose administered was performed. Subjects ≤ 19 years old who developed pericarditis or myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination were included.

Results
A total of 369 entries were retrieved. After screening, 39 articles were included. Our meta-analysis found that 343 patients developed carditis after the administration of 12,602,625 COVID-19 vaccination doses (pooled rate per million: 37.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] 23.57, 59.19). The rate of carditis was higher amongst male patients (pooled rate ratio: 5.04; 95% CI 1.40, 18.19) and after the second vaccination dose (pooled rate ratio: 5.60; 95% CI 1.97, 15.89). In 301 cases of carditis (281 male; mean age: 15.90 (standard deviation [SD] 1.52) years old) reported amongst the case series/reports, 261 patients were reported to have received treatment. 97.34% of the patients presented with chest pain. The common findings include ST elevation and T wave abnormalities on electrocardiography. Oedema and late gadolinium enhancement in the myocardium were frequently observed in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). The mean length of hospital stay was 3.91 days (SD 1.75). In 298 out of 299 patients (99.67%) the carditis resolved with or without treatment.

Conclusions
Carditis is a rare complication after COVID-19 vaccination across the globe, but the vast majority of episodes are self-limiting with rapid resolution of symptoms within days.

Graphical abstract
Central illustration. Balancing the benefits of vaccines on COVID-19-caused carditis and post-vaccination carditis.
Associations between food group intakes and circulating insulin-like growth factor-I in the UK Biobank: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Watling Cody Z. , Kelly Rebecca K. , Tong Tammy Y. N. , Piernas Carmen , Watts Eleanor L. , Tin Tin Sandar , Knuppel Anika , Schmidt Julie A. , Travis Ruth C. , Key Timothy J. , Perez-Cornago Aurora 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations have been positively associated with risk of several common cancers and inversely associated with risk of bone fractures. Intakes of some foods have been associated with increased circulating IGF-I concentrations; however, evidence remains inconclusive. Our aim was to assess cross-sectional associations of food group intakes with circulating IGF-I concentrations in the UK Biobank.

Methods
At recruitment, the UK Biobank participants reported their intake of commonly consumed foods. From these questions, intakes of total vegetables, fresh fruit, red meat, processed meat, poultry, oily fish, non-oily fish, and cheese were estimated. Serum IGF-I concentrations were measured in blood samples collected at recruitment. After exclusions, a total of 438,453 participants were included in this study. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the associations of food group intakes with circulating IGF-I concentrations.

Results
Compared to never consumers, participants who reported consuming oily fish or non-oily fish ≥ 2 times/week had 1.25 nmol/L (95% confidence interval:1.19–1.31) and 1.16 nmol/L (1.08–1.24) higher IGF-I concentrations, respectively. Participants who reported consuming poultry ≥ 2 times/week had 0.87 nmol/L (0.80–0.94) higher IGF-I concentrations than those who reported never consuming poultry. There were no strong associations between other food groups and IGF-I concentrations.

Conclusions
We found positive associations between oily and non-oily fish intake and circulating IGF-I concentrations. A weaker positive association of IGF-I with poultry intake was also observed. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms which might explain these associations.
Real-time fMRI neurofeedback compared to cognitive behavioral therapy in a pilot study for the treatment of mild and moderate depression
Authors: Mel’nikov Mikhail Ye. , Bezmaternykh Dmitriy D. , Savelov Andrey A. , Petrovskiy Evgeniy D. , Kozlova Lyudmila I. , Natarova Kira A. , Larina Tatiana D. , Andamova Tatiana M. , Zvyagintsev Mikhail , Shtark Mark B. , Mathiak Klaus 
Published: July 2022

AbstractReal-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rt-fMRI) neurofeedback was found to reduce depressive symptoms. However, no direct comparison of drug-free patients with an active psychotherapy control group is available. The present study compared rt-fMRI neurofeedback with cognitive behavioral therapy, as the standard treatment in patients declining anti-depressants. Twenty adult, drug-free patients with mild or moderate depression were non-randomly assigned either to a course of eight half-hour sessions of neurofeedback targeting the left medial prefrontal cortex (N = 12) or to a 16-session course of cognitive behavioral therapy (N = 8). Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale was introduced at baseline, mid-treatment, and end-treatment points. In each group, 8 patients each remained in the study to a mid-treatment evaluation and 6 patients each to the study end-point. ANOVA revealed a depression reduction with a significant effect of Time (F(3,6) = 19.0, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.76). A trend to greater improvement in the cognitive behavioral therapy group compared to neurofeedback emerged (Group × Time; p = 0.078). Percent signal change in the region of interest between up- and down-regulation conditions was significantly correlated with session number (Pearson’s r = 0.85, p < 0.001) indicating a learning effect. As limitations, small sample size could lead to insufficient power and non-random allocation to selection bias. Both neurofeedback and cognitive behavioral therapy improved mild and moderate depression. Neurofeedback was not superior to cognitive behavioral therapy. Noteworthy, the neurofeedback training course was associated with continuous improvement in the self-regulation skill, without plateau. This study delivers data to plan clinical trials comparing neurofeedback with cognitive behavioral interventions.
The spectrum of chromosomal translocations in the Arab world: ethnic-specific chromosomal translocations and their relevance to diseases
Authors: Zedan Hadeel T. , Ali Fatma H. , Zayed Hatem 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Chromosomal translocations (CTs) are the most common type of structural chromosomal abnormalities in humans. CTs have been reported in several studies in the Arab world, but the frequency and spectrum of these translocations are not well characterized. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review to estimate the frequency and spectrum of CTs in the 22 Arab countries. Four literature databases were searched: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science, from the time of inception until July 2021. A combination of broad search terms was used to collect all possible CTs reported in the Arab world. In addition to the literature databases, all captured CTs were searched in three chromosomal rearrangement databases (Mitelman Database, CytoD 1.0 Database, and the Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Hematology), along with PubMed and Google Scholar, to check whether the CTs are unique to the Arabs or shared between Arabs and non-Arabs. A total of 9,053 titles and abstracts were screened, of which 168 studies met our inclusion criteria, and 378 CTs were identified in 15 Arab countries, of which 57 CTs were unique to Arab patients. Approximately 89% of the identified CTs involved autosomal chromosomes. Three CTs, t(9;22), t(13;14), and t(14;18), showed the highest frequency, which were associated with hematological malignancies, recurrent pregnancy loss, and follicular lymphoma, respectively. Complex CTs were commonly reported among Arabs, with a total of 44 CTs, of which 12 were unique to Arabs. This is the first study to focus on the spectrum of CTs in the Arab world and compressively map the ethnic-specific CTs relevant to cancer. It seems that there is a distinctive genotype of Arabs with CTs, of which some manifested with unique clinical phenotypes. Although ethnic-specific CTs are highly relevant to disease mechanism, they are understudied and need to be thoroughly addressed.
Risk factors and outcome of hyperammonaemia in people with epilepsy
Authors: Vakrinou Angeliki , Murphy Elaine , Sisodiya Sanjay M. , Vivekananda Umesh , Balestrini Simona 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Hyperammonaemia is a recognised complication of antiseizure treatment but risk factors leading to individual patient susceptibility and outcome remain unclear.

Objective
To identify risk factors for hyperammonaemia and investigate the impact of its management on clinical outcomes.

Methods
We carried out a retrospective observational study of adults with epilepsy who had ammonia tested over a 3-year period. Hyperammonaemia was defined as ammonia level > 35 μmol/L. Patients were classified into two groups: hyperammonaemic and non-hyperammonaemic. Association analyses and linear regression analysis were used to identify risk factors for hyperammonaemia.

Results
We reviewed 1002 ammonia requests in total and identified 76 people with epilepsy who had ammonia concentration measured, including 26 with repeated measurements. 59/76 (78%) were found to have hyperammonaemia. There was borderline statistical significance of hyperammonaemia being less common in patients with an established monogenic/metabolic condition than in those with structural or cryptogenic epilepsy (P = 0.05). Drug resistance, exposure to stiripentol and oxcarbazepine were identified as risk factors for hyperammonaemia. We found a dose-dependent association between valproate and hyperammonaemia (P = 0.033). Clinical symptoms were reported in 22/59 (37%) of the hyperammonaemic group. Improved clinical outcomes with concurrent decrease in ammonia concentration were seen in 60% of patients following treatment adjustment.

Conclusions
Drug resistance and exposure to stiripentol, oxcarbazepine or high-dose valproate are associated with an increased risk of hyperammonaemia. Clinicians should consider symptoms related to hyperammonaemia in patients on high-dose valproate or multiple antiseizure treatments. Prompt identification of hyperammonaemia and subsequent treatment adjustments can lead to improved clinical outcomes.