bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between depression and sarcopenia in patients with heart failure
Authors: Yuenyongchaiwat Kornanong , Pinijmung Prapromporn , Buakhamsri Adisai 
Published: September 2022

Background: Prevalence of heart failure has been increasing worldwide. Decreased muscle mass, poor physical activity, and reduced physical performance or muscle strength might lead to sarcopenia among heart failure patients and therefore lead to low cardiac output, and vice versa. Symptoms of depression are also common mental health problems in heart failure. However, little is known about the prevalence of depressive symptoms in heart failure patients with sarcopenia and the relationship with its. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of and relationship between sarcopenia and depressive symptoms in heart failure patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study comprised of 150 participants aged 35 years or older. Sarcopenia and no sarcopenia were classified by using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Physical performance, muscle strength, and skeletal muscle mass were examined. Symptoms of depression were assessed through utilization of the validated Thai version of Patient Health Questionnaire 9. Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia was 18.67% and depression was 5.33% in heart failure patients. In addition, the prevalence of depression in heart failure patients with sarcopenia were 3.57%. The relationship was observed based on depression scores and New York Heart Association functional classification (r = 0.319, p<.001). Furthermore, heart failure patients with low New York Heart Association functional class had high depression scores (p<.001). However, no significant differences between depression scores and sarcopenia in heart failure patients were identified. Conclusions: Prevalence of sarcopenia in heart failure patients was 18.67% and only 5.33% exhibited depressive symptoms. Only 3.57% exhibited both depression and sarcopenia. Additionally, New York Heart Association functional classification was related to depression.
North Carolina Water Utility Builds Resilience with Distributed Energy Resources
Authors: Anderson Kate , Grymes James , Newman Alexandra , Warren Adam 
Published: September 2022

As the frequency and duration of grid outages increase, backup power systems are becoming more important for ensuring that critical infrastructure continues to provide essential services. Most facilities rely on diesel generators, which may be ineffective during long outages owing to limited fuel supplies and high generator failure rates. Distributed energy resources such as solar, storage, and combined-heat-and-power systems, coupled with on-site biofuel production, offer an alternative source of on-site generation that can provide both cost savings and resilience (i.e., the ability to respond to catastrophic events with longer-term consequences). A mixed-integer linear program minimizes costs and maximizes resilience at a wastewater treatment plant in Wilmington, North Carolina. We find that the plant can reduce life-cycle energy costs by 3.1% through the installation of a hybrid combined-heat-and-power, photovoltaic, and storage system. When paired with existing diesel generators, this system can sustain full load for seven days while saving $664,000 over 25 years and reducing diesel fuel use by 48% compared with the diesel-only solution. This analysis informed a decision by the Cape Fear Public Utility Authority to allocate funds for the implementation of a combined-heat-and-power system at the wastewater treatment plant in fiscal year 2023. The benefits of deploying hybrid combined-heat-and-power technologies and the utilization of on-site biofuel production extend, on a national scale, to thousands of wastewater treatment facilities and other types of critical infrastructure. Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Advanced Manufacturing Office [Grant DE-AC36-08GO28308].
Time-difference-of-arrival positioning based on visible light communication for harbor-border inspection
Authors: Feng Renhai , Zhang Zhaolin , Lai Zhimao , Mao Xurui 
Published: September 2022

In view of the complexity of port ship supervision and the influence of external factors such as electromagnetic interference in harbor-border inspection, an efficient system combining an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and visible light positioning (VLP) is proposed for locating maritime targets. In this system, a rotatable receiver with five photodetectors (PDs) installed obliquely on UAV is designed for expanding the positioning range and allowing a lower flight altitude. On this basis, we propose the Chan–Taylor (CT) method based on time difference of arrival (TDOA) for target positioning. First, the localization problem is reformulated as a weighted least squares (WLS) problem and provides a good initial estimate via the two-step WLS (TWLS) method. Then, based on Taylor expansion of TDOA equations, estimated error is calculated using the initial estimate, which can correct the estimated position of the target iteratively. To offset the error, weighted centroid CT (WCCT) is proposed by endowing different weights based on error difference to estimated results. For further improving accuracy, a restricted-region fingerprinting positioning based on CT (CT-RFP) is proposed. In restricted area determined by CT, a certain number of fingerprints is generated based on received signal strength (RSS) for matching. Simulation results show that CT is significantly improved over the previous methods. Compared with TWLS, the accuracy of CT is improved by 49.71%. For WCCT, the maximum error is reduced from 8.65 to 6.91 cm, which effectively reduces the influence of error. Moreover, CT-RFP can achieve an accuracy within millimeter level via the appropriate number of fingerprints and ensemble runs of CT, even at high noise levels.
Optical-parametric oscillation in photonic-crystal ring resonators
Authors: Black Jennifer A. , Brodnik Grant , Liu Haixin , Yu Su-Peng , Carlson David R. , Zang Jizhao , Briles Travis C. , Papp Scott B. 
Published: September 2022

By-design access to laser wavelength, especially with integrated photonics, is critical to advance quantum sensors, such as optical clocks and quantum-information systems, and open opportunities in optical communication. Semiconductor-laser gain provides exemplary efficiency and integration but merely in developed wavelength bands. Alternatively, nonlinear optics requires control of phase matching, but the principle of nonlinear conversion of a pump laser to a designed wavelength is extensible. We report on laser-wavelength access by versatile customization of optical-parametric oscillation (OPO) with a photonic-crystal ring resonator (PhCR). Leveraging the exquisite control of laser propagation provided by a photonic crystal in a traveling-wave ring resonator, we enable OPO generation across a wavelength range of 1234–2093 nm with a 1550-nm pump and 1016–1110 nm with a 1064-nm pump. Moreover, our platform offers pump-to-sideband conversion efficiency of

>

10
%

and negligible additive optical-frequency noise across the output range. From laser design to simulation of nonlinear dynamics, we use a Lugiato–Lefever framework that predicts the system characteristics, including bidirectional OPO generation in the PhCR and conversion efficiency in agreement with our observations. Our experiments introduce broadband lasers by design with PhCR OPOs, providing critical functionalities in integrated photonics.
Dynamic livelihood impacts of COVID-19 on different rural households in mountainous areas of China
Authors: Wang Chengchao , He Xiu , Song Xianqiang , Chen Shanshan , Luo Dongshen 
Published: September 2022

Background
The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has brought about severe negative livelihood consequences for rural households worldwide. However, the heterogeneity and dynamics of livelihood impacts have been under-researched. There is also lacking a livelihood assessment of the pandemic based on a whole pandemic cycle. This study aimed to investigate the dynamic and heterogeneous livelihood impacts of COVID-19 pandemic for rural households in 2020 based on a case study of Southeast China.

Methods
The pandemic in China had experienced a complete cycle from initial outbreak, to intermediate recovery and finally new normal stage in 2020. We conducted face-to-face interviews with 95 rural households randomly drawn from 2 rural villages in Xunwu County, Jiangxi Province, Southeast China. The sampled households are interviewed with a questionnaire through face-to-face surveys in February and March, 2021 to evaluate the overall livelihood impacts of the pandemic during 2020. The survey collected data on demographic and economic characteristics, governmental control measures, and effects of the COVID-19 on agricultural production, employment, income, education, and daily life. In-depth interviews are also conducted to clarify the livelihood impacts of COVID-19 on villages.

Results
Results showed that the pandemic tremendously caused substantially negative livelihood impacts, including decreasing household income, and disorders in daily lives. The average income loss of all survey households is 6,842 RMB, accounting for 13.01% of the total household income in 2020. Containment measures also resulted in a series of disturbances in daily lives, such as rising food price additional expenditures, travel restrictions, party restrictions, closure of schools and deceasing living standards. There is remarkable household heterogeneity in the livelihood impacts. Results also revealed that the livelihood strategies of rural households to cope with the threat of COVID-19 were different in various pandemic stages.

Conclusion
Our findings have illustrated the severity and heterogeneity of livelihood impacts on rural households induced by COVID-19 pandemic. The dynamics of livelihood impacts is also highlighted in the study. Several policy suggestion was proposed to mitigate these negative consequences of the pandemic.
Number of transurethral procedures after non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and survival in causes other than bladder cancer
Authors: Holmberg Lars , Hagberg Oskar , Häggström Christel , Gårdmark Truls , Ströck Viveka , Aljabery Firas , Jahnson Staffan , Hosseini Abolfazl , Jerlström Tomas , Sherif Amir , Söderkvist Karin , Ullén Anders , Enlund Mats , Liedberg Fredrik , Malmström Per-Uno 
Published: September 2022

Background
Previous research has associated repeated transurethral procedures after a diagnosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with increased risk of death of causes other than bladder cancer.

Aim
We investigated the overall and disease-specific risk of death in patients with NMIBC compared to a background population sample.

Methods
We utilized the database BladderBaSe 2.0 containing tumor-specific, health-related and socio-demographic information for 38,547 patients with NMIBC not primarily treated with radical cystectomy and 192,733 individuals in a comparison cohort, matched on age, gender, and county of residence. The cohorts were compared using Kaplan-Meier curves and Hazard ratios (HR) from a Cox regression models. In the NMIBC cohort, we analyzed the association between number of transurethral procedures and death conditioned on surviving two or five years.

Results
Overall survival and survival from causes other than bladder cancer estimated with Kaplan-Meier curves was 9.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) (8.6%-10.0%)) and 1.4% (95% CI 0.7%-2.1%) lower respectively for the NMIBC cohort compared to the comparison cohort at ten years. In a Cox model adjusted for prognostic group, educational level and comorbidity, the HR was 1.03 (95% CI 1.01–1.05) for death from causes other than bladder cancer comparing the NMIBC cohort to the comparison cohort. Among the NMIBC patients, there was no discernible association between number of transurethral procedures and deaths of causes other than bladder cancer after adjustment. The number of procedures were, however, associated with risk of dying from bladder cancer HR 3.56 (95% CI 3.43–3.68) for four or more resections versus one within two years of follow-up.

Conclusion
The results indicate that repeated diagnostic or therapeutic transurethral procedures under follow-up do not increase of risk dying from causes other than bladder cancer. The modestly raised risk for NMIBC patients dying from causes other than bladder cancer is likely explained by residual confounding.
Long-term survival of female versus male patients after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Abreu Armando , Máximo José , Leite-Moreira Adelino 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSeveral of the most extensively used risk prediction tools for coronary artery bypass grafting outcomes include female sex as an independent risk factor for postoperative outcomes. It is not clear whether this putative increased surgical risk impacts long-term survival. This study aimed to assess sex differences in 10-year all-cause mortality.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 5340 consecutive patients undergoing primary isolated coronary artery bypass surgery, performed from 2000 to 2015, in a Portuguese level III Hospital. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at ten years. We employed an overlap weighting algorithm to minimize confounding. Its target population highlights patients with the most overlap in their observed characteristics, and its corresponding estimand is the average treatment effect in the overlap population.ResultsWe identified that 5340 patients underwent isolated CABG: 1104 (20.7%) were female, and 4236 (79.3%) were male. Sixteen patients were lost to follow-up (0.3%). The median follow-up time was 12.79 (IQR, 9.52–16.66) years: 12.68 (IQR, 9.48–16.54) years for the male patient group and 13.13 (IQR, 9.75–16.98) years for the female patient group. The primary endpoint of all-cause mortality at ten years occurred in 1106 patients (26.1%) in the male patient group, compared with 315 (28.5%) in the female patient group. The unweighted survival analysis for both groups reveals the worst long-term prognosis for the female cohort (hazard ratio, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.35; p < 0.001), while in the overlap weighted survival analysis, such long-term difference in prognosis disappears (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.09; p = 0.693).ConclusionIn this longitudinal, population-level analysis of patients undergoing primary, isolated CABG, we demonstrated that the female sex is not associated with increased long-term all-cause mortality compared to their male counterparts. Thus, sex should not influence the undertaking of an adequate revascularization strategy.
Marine heatwaves facilitate invasive algae takeover as foundational kelp
Authors: Félix-Loaiza Ana Carolina , Rodríguez-Bravo Lucía Mercedes , Beas-Luna Rodrigo , Lorda Julio , de La Cruz-González Eliot , Malpica-Cruz Luis 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Extreme warming events have diminished kelp ecosystems around the world, but few reports exist about their impacts on invasive species. Warming events along the coast of Baja California from 2014 to 2016 negatively affected kelp forest communities historically dominated by Macrocystis pyrifera. We measured changes in the macroalgal community at Todos Santos Islands, Baja California, Mexico between 2018 and 2019. Our results documented a dramatic reduction of M. pyrifera, and a concurrent structural shift to invasive kelps dominance, with Sargassum horneri and Undaria pinnatifida being highly abundant in 2019. This study provides insights about impacts of invasive kelp species on macroalgal community structure under future climate scenarios.
Fast screening method for important transmission lines in electrical power system
Authors: Geng Junqi , Sun Xianming , Wang Haihua , Sun Peng , Jiang Xiaodong , Yang Guang , Lv Wenxi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the electrical power system, a few transmission lines play a crucial role in cascading failures propagation. Once it participates in the cascading failures propagation process, catastrophic power blackouts will inevitably occur. In this paper, the Electrical Transmission Line-Stochastic Approach for Link Structure Analysis method (ETL-SALSA method) is proposed, which combines the Internet thinking with the physical characteristics of power system. At the same time, important transmission lines are screened to prevent cascading failures of the power system. Additionally, considering the influence of hidden failures, the expanded adjacent matrix concept is proposed. Based on the expanded adjacent matrix, fault propagation relationship and topology structure are also taken into account in the ETL-SALSA method. In the calculation process of ETL-SALSA method, Markov probability transfer matrix of the Stochastic Approach for Link Structure Analysis algorithm (SALSA algorithm) of random method is adopted, so as to achieve higher computational efficiency. Simulations carried out on the IEEE 39-bus electrical power system and the IEEE 118-bus electrical power system show that the ETL-SALSA method can achieve high-accuracy to screen important transmission lines compared with graph theory method and cascading failure simulation method. Moreover, the screening speed of the ETL-SALSA method can be enhanced for several orders of magnitude compared with cascading failure simulation method.
Comparison of solar cell and photodiode performance for underwater visible light communications system with RF transmission by various techniques
Authors: Qasim Ghusoon A. , Ali Mazin Ali A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to design an experimental system for underwater wireless optical communications (UWOC). By using an amplitude shift key (ASK), different frequencies in KHz are modulated over LED light. Four strategies are evaluated and compared (SISO, SIMO, MISO, and MIMO) with the purpose of determining the success of receiving optical signals. To receive these frequencies, a solar cell and photodiode (BPX61) are utilized. A digital storage oscilloscope (DSO) is used to view the received signal at the identical optical conditions. The results indicate that the system has a satisfactory link quality to receive frequencies when all four approaches are used in the same settings. The PD BPX61 is more efficient at receiving frequencies from the solar cell. The measurable frequency range of the received signals was 500 KHz for the PD BPX61 and 100 KHz for the solar cell. The (SISO) technique achieves the lowest SNR values, whereas the MIMO technique achieves the highest values.
Materialographic Preparation of Salt
Authors: Blank R. , Nitschke H. , Saliwan Neumann R. , Kranzmann A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Molten salt containing systems gain in importance for sustainable energy use and production. For research and development, interactions of molten salts with potential container materials are of major interest. This article introduces preparation procedures to display an intact metal and salt microstructure and their interface using light optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The exemplary material combination is the ternary salt mixture NaCl-KCl-MgCl2 and the low alloyed steel 1.4901 (T92) with a maximum service temperature of 550 °C. These are potential elements/materials for use in latent heat thermal energy storages.
Effect of the Eight-Week Sand Surface Exercise, Water Surface Exercise, and Power Leg Muscles Training Methods Toward Agility of Basketball Players for Adolescent Players
Authors: Salafi Muhammad Irvan Eva , Suherman Wawan Sundawan , Suhartini Bernadeta , Antoni Muhammad Sigit , Pratama Kukuh Wahyudin 
Published: September 2022

Study purpose. Agility plays an essential role in basketball so increased agility needs to be a concern in the physical conditioning exercises of basketball players. To achieve the best results possible with an exercise, the type and manner of the exercise must be considered. The more varied is the training model offered to athletes, the more will it further encourage athletes not to feel exhausted while training. However, the training model used is still limited to hard textured courts. Though the use of textured fields such as water and sand has an impact other than power load, it lowers the rate of injury.
Materials and methods. The method used in this study was a 2 x 2 factorial design experiment. This study involved 36 men's basketball athletes ages 16–18. The leg power instrument used a vertical jump, agility assessment used an agility test, and analysis of this study data used the ANOVA test.
Results. (1) the sand exercise method shows higher results than the water exercise method; (2) athletes who have high limb power are better in agility testing than athletes who have low limb power; and (3) there is an interaction of water exercise and sand exercise methods and power of the limbs against agility.
Conclusions. The results of this study could prove that sand exercise methods are more effectively used in increasing agility to be an alternative for coaches.
Eight-Week Functional Training with Ascending AMRAP Model and FOR TIME Constant Load Model to Increase Abdominal Muscle Strength and Maximal Oxygen Consumption Levels in Adolescent Males
Authors: Hafidz Abdul , Prianto David Agus , Hidayat Taufiq 
Published: September 2022

The study purpose was to investigate the effect of functional training with the ascending AMRAP model and with the FOR TIME constant load model on increasing abdominal muscle strength and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) in adolescent males.
Materials and methods. This study used the True-Experimental method with the research design of the Randomized Control Group Pretest-Posttest Design. A total of 21 adolescent males aged 18–21, body mass index (BMI) 18.5–24.9 kg/m2, normal blood pressure, normal resting heart rate, normal oxygen saturation (SpO2) participated in this study and were divided into three groups, namely CTRLG (n = 7; control group), FSTAG (n = 7; ascending AMRAP functional training group), and FSTFG (n = 7; FOR TIME constant load functional training group). Both the ascending AMRAPfunctional training and the FOR TIME constant load functional training interventions were carried out with a frequency of 3 times/week for 8 weeks. Statistical analysis used the one-way ANOVA test with the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 21.
Results. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the mean delta (Δ) increase in abdominal muscle strength (p ≤ 0.05). The mean delta (Δ) increase in VO2max also showed a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it was shown that the administration of functional training intervention with the ascending AMRAP model and functional training intervention with the FOR TIME constant load model which was carried out 3 times/week for 8 weeks increased abdominal muscle strength and maximal oxygen consumption levels.