bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical Analyses of Gait and Balance in Patients with Subacute Stroke
Authors: Yoo Seung Don , Choi Min Kyu , Kim Dong Hwan , Lee Seung Ah , Chung Seung Jun , Park Eo Jin , Kim Min Gyun , Kim Ji Min 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: People with stroke may have balance and gait disturbances due to decreased muscle strength and loss of proprioception. Although previous studies have evaluated balance, walking ability, and functional status of people with stroke, studies that quantitatively evaluate these problems and clarify the correlation between each parameter are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to measure the biomechanical gait parameters of subacute stroke patients and investigate their association with balance and function.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients admitted with stroke as the main diagnosis between November 2020 and November 2021. Functional evaluation was performed using the Korean version of the Modified Barthel Index and the Short Physical Performance Battery; balance was evaluated using Berg balance scale, Trunk Control Test, and Trunk Impairment Scale. Quantitative gait parameters were measured using the Zebris gait analysis system. Bilateral hand grip strength, and bilateral knee extension and flexion strength were measured using a dynamometer. The correlation between each evaluation item was analyzed using Spearman’s correlation analysis.Results: Analysis confirmed a strong positive correlation between the Korean version of the Modified Barthel Index and the Short Physical Performance Battery, indicators of functional status, and Berg balance scale, Trunk Control Test, and Trunk Impairment Scale, indicators of balance. Grip, knee extension, and knee flexion strength of the hemiplegic side were positively correlated with overall balance and functional status. The hemiplegic side showed a shorter stance phase and a longer swing phase, and these values showed a significant correlation with functional status. Step length, step time, and gait line length were significantly correlated with balance.Conclusion: It may be helpful to focus on measuring and correcting the center of pressure and stance phase of the hemiplegic side during gait for balance and functional status improvements. Quantitative biomechanical gait analysis may be helpful in assessing balance and functional status in patients with subacute stroke.
Keap1-resistant ΔN-Nrf2 isoform does not translocate to the nucleus upon electrophilic stress
Authors: Mikac Sara , Dziadosz Alicja , Padariya Monikaben , Kalathiya Umesh , Fahraeus Robin , Marek-Trzonkowska Natalia , Chrusciel Elzbieta , Urban-Wojciuk Zuzanna , Papak Ines , Arcimowicz Lukasz , Marjanski Tomasz , Rzyman Witold , Sznarkowska Alicja 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Nrf2 pathway is an essential defense pathway in a cell. It responds to oxidative and electrophilic stress via derepression of Nrf2 from Keap1-Cul3-mediated degradation, accumulation of Nrf2 in the nucleus and transcriptional activation of a number of detoxifying and cell protective genes. Here we report that normal and cancer cells also express the N-terminally truncated Nrf2 isoform (ΔN-Nrf2), which originates from an alternative promoter. Co-immunoprecipitation together with molecular dynamics simulation studies showed that the binding between ΔN-Nrf2 and Keap1 is significantly reduced, resulting in ΔN-Nrf2 resistance to the canonical degradation machinery. In response to electrophilic stress, the stable ΔN-Nrf2 is retained in the cytoplasm. Altogether, the results show that the expression of the ΔN-Nrf2 isoform expands the Nrf2 activity beyond transcriptional activation.
Thermal aspects of Kumada rearrangement in symmetrical and asymmetrical polysilanes- Interdependence of molecular structure, thermal degradation, and stability
Authors: Krishnan G. Santhana , Shahnawaz M. , Ramcharan T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Thermal degradation behavior, exothermic patterns, and kinetic parameters of symmetrical/asymmetrically substituted polysilanes during the Kumada thermal rearrangement in the temperature range of 100-450 °C, were investigated applying thermogravimetric (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) techniques. Three kinds of polysilanes, viz., Polydimethylsilane (PDMS), Polydiphenylsilane (PDPS) and Polymethylphenylsilane (PMPS) were synthesized through Wurtz/Wurtz-Fittig polycondensation. As-synthesized polysilanes were then characterized by FT-IR, CHNO, and TGA-DSC techniques. FT-IR spectra confirmed the presence of methyl, phenyl, and a combination of methyl-phenyl functional groups in PDMS, PDPS, and PMPS, respectively. From CHNO analysis, the chemical/empirical formula of PDMS, PDPS, and PMPS was found to be SiC2.01H6.25, SiC12.50H10.26, and SiC6.45H7.76, respectively. TGA results confirmed that PDPS was more thermally stable as compared to PDMS and PMPS. The kinetic parameters of polysilanes were determined by using isoconversional methods such as Ozawa and modified Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) methods. The average value of activation energy for PDPS obtained from Ozawa and KAS methods was found to be 1078.49 and 1068.32 kJ/mole, respectively, which is very much higher as compared to that of PDMS and PMPS.
Peristaltic transport characteristics of a second-grade dusty fluid flown in a tube revisited: Role of heat transfer
Authors: Hafez N. M. , Alsemiry Reima D. , Alharbi Sana A. , Abd-Alla A. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We provide a rudimentary insight into the influence of heattransfer on the transport characteristics of a second-grade dusty fluid flownin a flexible tube with walls subjected to the peristaltic motion. Both dust particles and fluid movements were modeled using the coupled differential equations. The derived equations were solved analytically via the standard perturbation method to determine the fluid temperature, streamline patternand velocity of the dust particles as well as fluid. The values in the increase of pressure and frictional forces were calculated numerically using DSolver of the Mathematica software. In addition, the trapping mechanisms were ascertainedby computing the streamlines and various physical parameters. The achievedtransport properties were shown be significantly determined by the parameterslike Reynolds, Prendental, Grashof, wave number as well as nature of the heatsource and sink. The obtained results were validated with the state-of-the-artliterature reports. It was claimed that our systematic approach may constitute a basis for accurately examining the impact of heat transfer on the peristaltic transport of a complex fluid through narrow tubes, useful for diverse medicalapplications such as the gastric fluid flow through the small intestine during endoscopy.
Association of average daily corticosteroid dose with time to relapse in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: Results from a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Chanchlani Rahul , Noone Damien , Geier Pavel , Benoit Geneviève , Rodriguez-Lopez Sara , Brobbey Anita , Perinpanayagam Maneka A. , Nettel-Aguirre Alberto , Samuel Susan , Parekh Rulan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
In this longitudinal cohort study, we aimed to determine the association between average daily corticosteroid dose and time to first relapse among children with first presentation of nephrotic syndrome.
Method
We enrolled children (1–18 years) with nephrotic syndrome at the time of first presentation of nephrotic syndrome across 11 Canadian centers in the CHILDNEPH study between 2013–2019. Exposure was within-person average daily corticosteroid dose. Primary outcome was time to first relapse after entry into the study. Cox proportional hazards regression models were created to estimate the risk of relapse after adjusting for potential confounders.
Results
Among 328 children (129 females) with median age 4.3 (IQR 3.6) years, the unadjusted median time to first relapse in the study was 128 (42–707) days. The relationship between average daily corticosteroid dose and time to relapse was modified by age (HR: 0.87, 95% CI 0.82–0.93) with younger children having a higher risk of relapse compared to older children for the same corticosteroid dose. Relationships between time to first relapse, average corticosteroid dose, and age remained unchanged when including those children who entered the study at first or second relapse or those who relapsed while tapering the prednisone during the episode at entry in the study.
Conclusion
Younger children, despite receiving same average daily corticosteroid dose, experience faster time to relapse compared to older children. Further study is warranted to examine the optimal dosing of corticosteroids by age of the child.
Vitamin K2, MicroRNA-210 and mitochondrial DNA copy number: Implications in prediction, prevention and personalized treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma?
Authors: Elkony Noha Salah , Barghash Nadia , Abdalrahman Ehsan , Zeid Ahmed E , Issa Yasmine Amr 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Hypoxia is a major feature of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The master hypoxamir, MIRNA-210, controls many carcinogenic pathways. Hypoxia can affect mitochondrial DNA copy number (MTCN), which could impair many mitochondrial functions, including electron transport chain (ETC). Vitamin K2 (VK2) is crucial for preserving ETC integrity.
Aim of the study:
To evaluate the role of MTCN, MIRNA-210 and VK2 in HCC prediction, prevention and personalized treatment.
Methodology:
60 cirrhotic patients with HCC (group I) classified into three sub-groups according to BCLC staging (20 patients each); Group (IA): Stages 0/A, (IB): stage B and (IC): stages C/D. Group II comprised 60 cirrhotic patients without HCC. Group III included 60 healthy controls. All participants were evaluated clinically, circulating MIRNA-210 expression and MTCN were assessed by real time polymerase chain reaction and VK2 levels were measured by ELISA.
Results
MIRNA-210 was higher in group I compared to other groups (P < 0.001). VK2 and MTCN were lower in group I than in other groups (P = 0.001 in both parameters). MIRNA-210 was higher in subgroup 1C than other sub-groups (P < 0.001). Both VK2 and MTCN were lower in subgroup IC than in subgroups IA and IB (P = 0.042, P < 0.001 respectively). In group I, Both VK2 and MTCN were negatively correlated with MIRNA-210 (p = 0.001, p < 0.001 respectively), but positively correlated with each other (p < 0.001). Same pattern followed in subgroups of group I and in group II.
Conclusion
Results suggest a potential predictive role of the studied markers in HCC, hence the possibility of early prevention and personalized treatment.
Low-Risk Contralateral Neck Failure for Lateralized Oral Cancer with Locally Advanced Stage and Effects of Neck Irradiation
Authors: Cheng Yung-Jen , Lin Hsin-Ying , Tsai Mu-Hung , Pao Tzu-Hui , Hsu Chia-Hsiang , Wu Yuan-Hua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To investigate the incidence of the contralateral neck failure (cRF) rate and outcomes among patients with well-lateralized locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with/without ipsilateral or bilateral neck adjuvant irradiation. Total 149 patients with lateralized OSCC who have undergone curative surgery with pathologically proven pT3/4 or pN0-2b between 2007–2017 were retrospectively enrolled. Those with cross midline, neck-level 1a involvement, and positive extra-nodal extension (ENE) were excluded. The median follow-up time was 5.2 years (range, 2.91–7.83). Pathological stages T3 and T4 were 22.7% and 56.8%, respectively. Pathologically negative and positive lymph nodes were 61.4% and 38.6%, respectively. The cumulative incidence of 5-year cRF rate was 3.57% (95% CI, 1.3–7.7%). No significant differences in the 5-year CSS, LRRFS, DMFS, and cRRFS were observed among those undergoing unilateral and bilateral neck irradiation. Five patients (3.4%) had contralateral neck recurrence, all simultaneously with local recurrence. No isolated contralateral neck recurrence was identified. In conclusion, the cRF rate was acceptably low in patients with well-lateralized advanced OSCC with the initially uninvolved contralateral neck. Omitting contralateral neck irradiation with active surveillance could be safely considered without compromising the cure rate in such locally advanced OSCC patients.
Biosensors based on carbon nanotubes and carbon nano-rings: A DFT study
Authors: Monavari Seyyed Mostafa , Marsusi Farah , Memarian Nafiseh , Qasemnazhand Mohammad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We investigate the effect of glycoproteins on the optical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanorings (CRNs), using density functional theory (DFT). Long rang correlation interactions are added by introducing van der Waals interaction. Our results show that the electronic and optical properties of both these materials are influenced by glycoprotein, which depends on their chirality and size. DFT can be used to predict the desired chirality and size of these nanomaterials. According to our outcomes, the predicted CNTs and CRNs may be chosen as the best sensitive and suitable candidates to use as bio-sensor materials.
Echocardiographic strategy for early detection of cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin: A prospective observational study
Authors: Sampaio Diogo P. S. , Silva João B. M. , Frota Daniela C. R. , Junior Aguinaldo F. Freitas , Rassi Salvador 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Cancer chemotherapy using anthracyclines is associated with cardiotoxicity (CTX), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) analysis is not sensitive to early cardiotoxic changes. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) monitoring helps screen subclinical CTX; however, the intervals at which it should be performed remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of CTX in women with breast cancer and the associated factors and compare two echocardiographic monitoring strategies using two cutoff points for GLS variation.
Methods
Patients with breast cancer prescribed doxorubicin underwent serial LVEF and GLS assessments using two-dimensional echocardiography every 3 weeks for 6 months.
Results
We included 43 women; none developed a clinical CTX. Considering a percentage reduction in absolute GLS value of > 15%, subclinical CTX was present in 12 (27.9%) and six (14%) patients at 3-week and 3-month intervals, respectively (P = 0.28). Additionally, considering a reduction of > 12%, subclinical CTX was present in 17 (39.5%) and 10 (23.3%) patients (P = 0.16), respectively. There were no significant differences in either reference value at 3-week (P = 0.19) and 3-month intervals (P = 0.41). Age ≥ 60 years (P = 0.018) and hypertension (HTN) (P = 0.022) were associated with subclinical CTX in the univariate analysis.
Conclusions
There was no difference in the incidence of subclinical CTX between the two cutoff points and no benefit in performing echocardiography every 3 weeks compared with quarterly monitoring. Advanced age and HTN were associated with the development of subclinical CTX.
Paediatric mental health predictors during COVID-19: Parent- and child-specific vulnerability factors
Authors: Bothma Nicole , Kroon Rianca , Mathieu Sharna , Farrell Lara J. , Fontenelle Leonardo F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To prevent deterioration of paediatric mental health during a pandemic, it is important to understand the various factors that may impact mental health outcomes. This study examined which vulnerability factors predicted poorer anxiety and depression symptoms in Australian children and youth (aged 4-17 years) during the initial lockdown period (May – August 2020), and whether outcomes varied according to gender or age. A parent-report questionnaire was used to investigate parent-related vulnerability factors including parent mental health, family accommodation behaviours, and COVID-19-related worries, and child-related factors including fears about illness/contamination, fears about social distancing, behaviour modification, and virus impact. Data was analysed using four multiple regression models. Greater parent stress and family accommodation predicted increased child anxiety symptoms, whilst family accommodation predicted increased child depression symptoms. Regarding child-specific vulnerability factors, perceived virus impact predicted increased anxiety and depression symptoms. Greater social-distancing fears predicted depression symptoms, but not anxiety symptoms.
Physicians' Attitude towards e-prescripition and associated factors in a resource-limited setting: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zemene Wondwossen , Sharew Mequanint , Derese Masresha , Fentahun Ashenafi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The written paper based prescription is the way to transfer information from the physician medical practice to the pharmacy. But this process is prone to error and miscommunication, which sometimes result in patient harm. Electronic prescribing has been proposed as an important strategy to minimize medication errors, improve the quality of patient care. This study was justified since no recent study was conducted in Ethiopia to assessing attitude of physicians towards e-prescription.
Methods
An institution based Cross-sectional study was carried out among (n = 152) physicians with a response rate of 88.8%. Data were collected using structured self-administered questionnaires from September1 to September15/2021.The collected data were entered into Epi-info Version 7.2 and exported to SPSS version 20 software for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with dependent variables. Odds ratio (OR), with 95% CI and p value < 0.05 were computed to determine the level of significance.
Results
Based on the operational definition the overall score of good attitude to e-prescription of physicians from the university of Gondar compressive and specialized hospital was 89.5% [95% CI: 84.2–94.1]. Among the candidate variables for multi variable analysis two variables age of the respondents [AOR: 2.48 (1.055–5.830], and monthly salary of the respondents [AOR: 8.29(3.002–22.89] had having significantly association with e-prescription,
Conclusion
The overall score of attitude to e-prescription of physicians from the university of Gondar compressive and specialized hospital was good attitude. Age of the respondents and monthly salary of the respondents were significantly associated with e-prescription from the working organization university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital. So since the attitude was good we recommend that it is best to implement the EPS in the UGCSH.
Challenges and Opportunities during the COVID-19 Pandemic:Faculty Insights for Managing Academic Stress
Authors: Kahouli Leila 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This descriptive – survey research work is titled “Challenges and Opportunities during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Faculty Insights for Managing Academic Stress conducted during the Third Trimester of the Academic Year 2020–2021. This study confines its parameter on the selected faculty in the university with classes online in the Kingdom of Bahrain. These target respondents are those faculty teaching courses online or face to face during this pandemic. In the treatment of data, inferential statistics and percentage were utilized. All statistics and tests subjected to.05 significance level using the SPSS. The greatest challenge that the faculty encountered during the COVID 19 pandemic in terms of Moodle and Social Media is seen in “Usage of platforms (Zoom, Microsoft Team, Moodle etc.). In terms of Teaching and students’ learning the extent of challenge is “educational experience. In terms of school calendar, great challenge is seen in “instruction on assignments, exams, and quizzes”. In terms of social mobility, the highest extent of challenge is on “lab and practical applications/simulations”. However, the pandemic enable the teachers to attend a vast of online, webinars on professional developments. With all the given professional developments, the faculty development is the highest mean to have given growth and participation to teachers. In the matter of difficulties experience by the teacher respondents, the highest factor among other difficulties is on “Education &Teaching”. There are no significant differences considering the teaching experience in relation to the following variables: Impact of Covid 19, Opportunities for Professional Development, and Difficulties on Challenges & Opportunities.
A Wearable Soft Robot that Can Alleviate the Pain and Fear of the Wearer
Authors: Yim Youchan , Noguchi Yohei , Tanaka Fumihide 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Social soft robotics may provide a new solution for alleviating human pain and fear. Here, we introduce a hand-held soft robot that can be clenched by the wearer. The robot comprises small airbags that can be inflated to provide the wearer with a feeling of being clenched. We then conducted an in-depth study of 66 adults who participated in a pain research protocol using thermal stimulation to investigate the effect of wearing the robot on pain perception and fear of injections. Pain assessment scale scores for perceived pain decreased significantly (p < 0.05) when participants wore the robot compared with the baseline condition in which the robot was not worn. In addition, the saliva test results showed a downward trend in oxytocin level when the robot provided the wearer with haptic feedback via the inflation of the internal airbags in response to the wearer’s clench. Furthermore, the negative psychological state of participants, as measured using the positive and negative affect scale, improved significantly when wearing the robot. We also revealed that the salivary cortisol level, an indicator of stress, decreased significantly across all participants at the end of the experiment. In addition, participants’ fear of injections was significantly improved after participation in the experiment. These results suggest that the wearable soft robot may alleviate the human perception of pain and fear in during medical treatments, such as vaccinations.
A novel and diverse group of Patescibacteria from bathypelagic Lake Baikal revealed through long-read metagenomics
Authors: Rodriguez-Valera Francisco , Haro-Moreno Jose , Cabello-Yeves Pedro , Garcillan-Barcia M. Pilar , Zemskaya Tamara , Zakharenko Alexandra 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We have applied a long-read (PacBio CCS) metagenomic approach to analyze in depth the Patescibacteria living in the bathypelagic water column of Lake Baikal at 1600 m. In addition to large (some complete) metagenome-assembled genomes, we have retrieved strong evidence of the presence of a novel and a likely endemic group of Patescibacteria inhabiting the bathypelagic realm. This novel group seems to possess extremely high intra-clade diversity akin to what happens with Patescibacteria at large but this takes place in an environment that has changed little in the last 25 million years. The enormous diversity detected within this group precludes assembly of complete genomes, albeit read binning and scaffolding indicate that they are similar to other Patescibacteria (i.e. parasites or symbionts) but they can synthesize most amino acids, likely reflecting the extremely oligotrophic habitat they inhabit. They have not been found anywhere else but one of the groups appears in small amounts in an oligotrophic alpine Lake Thun metagenome. We propose this novel group as Ca. Baikalibacteria. The recovery of MAGs via long-read metagenomics plus the use of long-read binning to uncover highly diverse “hidden” groups of prokaryotes are key strategies to move forward in ecogenomic microbiology.