bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible Green Supply Chain Management in Emerging Economies: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Dhillon M. K. , Rafi-Ul-Shan P. M. , Amar H. , Sher F. , Ahmed S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to synthesize the fragmented extant knowledge on flexible and green supply chain management (FGSCM) in the context of emerging economies and to unearth research gaps to motivate future research. We adopted a novel structured systematic literature review by triangulating a systematic literature review, text mining, and network analysis. Institutional theory and contingency theory were employed to analyze the results of the review. The results show that, firstly, research on FGSCM in emerging economies, despite its importance, is immature compared to general FGSCM literature. Second, the specificities of strategies and practices that distinguish this topic in emerging economies are discussed and the drivers and barriers are identified with respect to sources of institutional pressure. Third, a research framework for FGSCM in emerging economies is developed and 12 gaps for future research are identified. This study has exclusively developed a research framework for FGSCM in an emerging economy which has received the least consideration in the literature and practice. The framework was developed to synthesize the existing literature and to identify the research gaps to inspire future research.
NAD+ Therapeutics and Skeletal Muscle Adaptation to Exercise in Humans
Authors: Campelj Dean , Philp Andrew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a vital energy intermediate in skeletal muscle. The discovery of dietary-derived NAD+ precursors has led to the rapid development of NAD+ therapeutics designed to manipulate NAD+ content in target tissues. Of those developed, nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide have been reported to display health benefit in humans under clinical scenarios of NAD+ deficiency. In contrast, relatively little is known regarding the potential benefit of nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation in healthy individuals, with questions remaining as to whether NAD+ therapeutics can be used to support training adaptation or improve performance in athletic populations. Examining animal and human nicotinamide riboside supplementation studies, this review discusses current evidence suggesting that NAD+ therapeutics do not alter skeletal muscle metabolism or improve athletic performance in healthy humans. Further, we will highlight potential reasons why nicotinamide riboside supplementation studies do not translate to healthy populations and discuss the futility of testing NAD+ therapeutics outside of the clinical populations where NAD+ deficiency is present.
Novel formulations of oral bisphosphonates in the treatment of osteoporosis
Authors: Fuggle Nicholas , Al-Daghri Nasser , Bock Olivier , Branco Jaime , Bruyère Olivier , Casado Enrique , Cavalier Etienne , Cortet Bernard , de Wit Maarten , Giusti Andrea , Halbout Philippe , Harvey Nicholas C. , Hiligsmann Mickaël , Kaufman Jean-Marc , Kurth Andreas , Maggi Stefania , Matijevic Radmila , Minisola Salvatore , Palacios Santiago , Radermecker Régis Pierre , Thomasius Friederike , Tuzun Sansin , Veronese Nicola , Kanis John A. , Reginster Jean-Yves , Rizzoli René , Cooper Cyrus 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOral bisphosphonates are a key intervention in the treatment of osteoporosis and in reducing the risk of fragility fractures. Their use is supported by over 3 decades of evidence; however, patient adherence to oral bisphosphonates remains poor in part due to complex dosing instructions and adverse events, including upper gastrointestinal symptoms. This problem has led to the development of novel oral bisphosphonate formulations. Buffered, effervescent alendronate is dissolved in water and so seeks to reduce upper gastro-intestinal adverse events, and gastro-resistant risedronate aims to reduce the complexity of dosing procedure (e.g. fasting prior to consumption) whilst still maintaining the efficacy of fracture risk reduction. Clinical trials and real-world data have been employed to demonstrate some benefits in terms of reduced upper gastro-intestinal adverse events, adherence, persistence and health economic outcomes. This report describes the result of an ESCEO (European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis) expert working group, which explores where oral bisphosphonates sit in current clinical practice guidelines, review their risk–benefit profile and the consequences of poor adherence before exploring novel oral bisphosphonate formulations and their potential clinical and health economic impact. Further research is required but there are signs that these novel, oral bisphosphonate formulations may lead to improved tolerance of oral bisphosphonates and thus, improved adherence and fracture outcomes.
Semi-HFL: semi-supervised federated learning for heterogeneous devices
Authors: Zhong Zhengyi , Wang Ji , Bao Weidong , Zhou Jingxuan , Zhu Xiaomin , Zhang Xiongtao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the vanilla federated learning (FL) framework, the central server distributes a globally unified model to each client and uses labeled samples for training. However, in most cases, clients are equipped with different devices and are exposed to a variety of situations. There are great differences between clients in storage, computing, communication, and other resources, which makes unified deep models used in traditional FL cannot fit clients’ personalized resource conditions. Furthermore, a great deal of labeled data is needed in traditional FL, whereas data labeling requires a great investment of time and resources, which is hard to do for individual clients. As a result, clients only have a vast amount of unlabeled data, which goes against the federated learning needs. To address the aforementioned two issues, we propose Semi-HFL, a semi-supervised federated learning approach for heterogeneous devices, which divides a deep model into a series of small submodels by inserting early exit branches to meet the resource requirements of different devices. Furthermore, considering the availability of labeled data, Semi-HFL introduces semi-supervised techniques for training in the above heterogeneous learning process. Specifically, two training phases are included in the semi-supervised learning process, unsupervised learning on clients and supervised learning on the server, which makes full use of clients’ unlabeled data. Through image classification, text classification, next-word prediction, and multi-task FL experiments based on five kinds of datasets, it is verified that compared with the traditional homogeneous learning method, Semi-HFL not only achieves higher accuracies but also significantly reduces the global resource overhead.
Enriched entity representation of knowledge graph for text generation
Authors: Shi Kaile , Cai Xiaoyan , Yang Libin , Zhao Jintao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractText generation is a key tool in natural language applications. Generating texts which could express rich ideas through several sentences needs a structured representation of their content. Many works utilize graph-based methods for graph-to-text generation, like knowledge-graph-to-text generation. However, generating texts from knowledge graph still faces problems, such as repetitions and the entity information is not fully utilized in the generated text. In this paper, we focus on knowledge-graph-to-text generation, and develop a multi-level entity fusion representation (MEFR) model to address the above problems, aiming to generate high-quality text from knowledge graph. Our model introduces a fusion mechanism, which is capable of aggregating node representations from word level and phrase level to obtain rich entity representations of the knowledge graph. Then, Graph Transformer is adopted to encode the graph and outputs contextualized node representations. Besides, we develop a vanilla beam search-based comparison mechanism during decoding procedure, which further considers similarity to reduce repetitive information of the generated text. Experimental results show that the proposed MEFR model could effectively improve generation performance, and outperform other baselines on AGENDA and WebNLG datasets. The results also demonstrate the importance to further explore information contained in knowledge graph.
Significant Lifetime Enhancement in QLEDs by Reducing Interfacial Charge Accumulation via Fluorine Incorporation in the ZnO Electron Transport Layer
Authors: Chung Dong Seob , Davidson-Hall Tyler , Cotella Giovanni , Lyu Quan , Chun Peter , Aziz Hany 
Published: November 2022

AbstractZnO nanoparticles are widely used for the electron transport layers (ETLs) of quantum dots light emitting devices (QLEDs). In this work we show that incorporating fluorine (F) into the ZnO ETL results in significant enhancement in device electroluminescence stability, leading to LT50 at 100 cd m−2 of 2,370,000 h in red QLED, 47X longer than the control devices. X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy, photoluminescence and electrical measurements show that the F passivates oxygen vacancies and reduces electron traps in ZnO. Transient photoluminescence versus bias measurements and capacitance–voltage-luminance measurements reveal that the CF4 plasma-treated ETLs lead to increased electron concentration in the QD and the QD/hole transport layer interface, subsequently decreasing hole accumulation, and hence the higher stability. The findings provide new insights into the critical roles that optimizing charge distribution across the layers play in influencing stability and present a novel and simple approach for extending QLED lifetimes.
Metabolically targeting immunosuppression and immunoescape for future cancer immunotherapy: a narrative review
Authors: Huang Bo , Cao Xuetao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCancer immunotherapy has emerged as the most important new approach to cancer treatments and moved rapidly to front-line therapy for certain types of cancers. However, both tumor microenvironments and tumor cells can mediate immunosuppression and immunoescape, thus dampening the efficacy of immunotherapy. Despite the complicacies, mechanistic illuminations of unknown immunosuppression and immunoescape are of paramount importance. This short review highlights the recent important findings in cancer immunology and immunotherapy, thus providing new insights into cancer immunosuppression, immunoescape and contributing to the design of innovative immunotherapeutics.
Adults with Animal Phobia: Systematic Replication of Clinical Cases
Authors: Ruiz-García Antonio , Valero-Aguayo Luis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAnimal phobia is common in children, but it is also frequent in adults who maintain the problem throughout their lives. Eleven cases of animal phobia that were treated with progressive multimedia exposure are presented. The participants were two men and nine women (aged 19–27 years), with anxiety and avoidance problems in relation to various animals. A single-case A-B-Follow-up design was carried out, with concurrent control of several baselines; and a systematic between-subjects replication, with the same treatment repeated across different participants and types of phobias. A behavioural interview, phobia questionnaires, and Multimedia Behavioural Avoidance Test (M-BAT) with pictures and videos of animals, as well as heart rate, were used for assessment purposes. The intervention was the progressive multimedia exposure in four phases (photographs, videos, simulated animals, and live exposure), in addition to diaphragmatic breathing, and homework assignments. The results replicate the same efficacy in each of the participants, with statistically significant and clinical changes in their daily lives. Also, the data as a group show this success with a high Cohen's d effect size (between −1.63 and −30.03). We conclude with an appraisal of the usefulness of the procedure for adults with phobias who do not tolerate direct exposure.
Law and orders: the orders of the European Court of Justice as a window in the judicial process and institutional transformations
Authors: Šadl Urška , López Zurita Lucía , Arne Brekke Stein , Naurin Daniel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOrders are judicial decisions designed to shore up fair and timely resolution of disputes. As written, detailed, and factual documents, they are reliable markers of procedural steps and a unique source of information about the inner working of an institution. This article examines all published orders of the European Court of Justice, drawing lessons from their use. The analysis demonstrates that the pursuit of efficiency and uniform application blurs the lines between the administration and judging. First, it centralises the institution, expanding the duties of the Registry and amplifying the role of the Cabinet of the President of the Court. Second, it bureaucratises the interpretation and the uniform application of European Union law. These processes are common in judicial institutions with no power over their dockets. But the particular European response, authored by the Court, also suggests its reluctance to forfeit the interpretive monopoly.
‘This is not a posted worker’ – short-term cross-border mobility of logistics workers and spatio-temporal dimensions of exploitation in the EU: evidence from the case law of the Court of Justice
Authors: Iossa Andrea 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSince the 2018 revision of the Posting of Workers Directive, the debate on posting has once again been heated. The spark comes particularly from disputes concerning cross-border mobility of highly mobile workers employed in transnational logistics services (Dobersberger, FNV, Rapidsped, and to a different extent Gruber and Samidani and AFMB). In this set of case law, the Court of Justice of the EU had to consider whether or not, and to what extent, the workers in question should be considered posted workers. Thus, the case law came to revolve around the spatial and territorial attributes, and the cross-border nature of the work performed. By resorting to the analytical tools provided by legal geography, and in particular to the concept of ‘chronotopes of law’ elaborated by Mariana Valverde, the aim of this piece is to reflect upon assumptions and implications of the aforementioned rulings with a view of discussing both structural and contingent elements that possibly favour exploitation of posted work in the transnational logistics industry.
EU law, In-Work Poverty, and vulnerable workers
Authors: Ratti Luca , Garcia-Muñoz Antonio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe focus of the present contribution is the role of European Union (EU) law in shaping the working conditions of four groups of vulnerable workers. It assesses to what extent the impact of EU law favours, on these particular groups, an increased risk of In-Work Poverty (IWP) and explores whether the recent attention to IWP at EU level and the latest initiatives adopted may change the picture in the near future. The purpose is, therefore, to contribute to the debate on the role of EU law and policy in structuring vulnerability from the perspective of IWP. What is commonly known as EU labour law is a fragmentary legal corpus that has grown in a rather patchwork fashion as part of a social dimension of the European project that was, broadly speaking, functional to the logic of market integration. This originates in the early division of competences between the EU and the Member States in the Treaty of Rome, which left labour law and social protection outside the EU sphere of action. It partly explains why the protection of workers, particularly those that do not engage in cross-border situations, does not seem to be the EU’s primary goal, or at least it is not formulated as contrary to other potentially clashing rationales such as market integration, flexibility, enhanced competitiveness and so on. The prevention of IWP was not, in any case, one of the concerns of the original European project. Yet, EU law has produced several pieces of legislation that directly or indirectly contribute to shaping the working conditions of European workers, including those more exposed to IWP. The paper assesses the relevant EU legal framework and discusses its impact on the working conditions of those more at risk of IWP. It concludes by estimating the potential of a series of recent initiatives to enhance the protection of the most vulnerable workers, thus making a positive change.
On invariant subalgebras of group and von Neumann algebras
Authors: KALANTAR MEHRDAD , PANAGOPOULOS NIKOLAOS 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGiven an irreducible lattice$\Gamma $in the product of higher rank simple Lie groups, we prove a co-finiteness result for the$\Gamma $-invariant von Neumann subalgebras of the group von Neumann algebra$\mathcal {L}(\Gamma )$, and for the$\Gamma $-invariant unital$C^*$-subalgebras of the reduced group$C^*$-algebra$C^*_{\mathrm {red}}(\Gamma )$. We use these results to show that: (i) every$\Gamma $-invariant von Neumann subalgebra of$\mathcal {L}(\Gamma )$is generated by a normal subgroup; and (ii) given a weakly mixing unitary representation$\pi $of$\Gamma $, every$\Gamma $-equivariant conditional expectation on$C^*_\pi (\Gamma )$is the canonical conditional expectation onto the$C^*$-subalgebra generated by a normal subgroup.
Comparison of dietary intake measured by a web-based FFQ and repeated 24-hour dietary recalls: the Hordaland Health Study
Authors: Sabir Zoya , Rosendahl-Riise Hanne , Dierkes Jutta , Dahl Helene , Hjartåker Anette 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
All dietary assessment methods inevitably introduce measurement errors, which should ideally be considered during data analysis and interpretation. Methodological studies should be conducted to address how well a given assessment method captures dietary intake and to highlight the extent and direction of the measurement error. Within a subgroup of the Hordaland Health Study (HUSK3), we examined the relative validity of a web-based food frequency questionnaire (WebFFQ) by comparing its estimates of mean daily intake of nutrients and foods with estimated mean daily intakes from repeated administrations of 24-hour dietary recall interviews (24-HDRs). Men and women born between 1950 and 1951 were recruited from HUSK3. The participants (n = 67) completed a WebFFQ and three non-consecutive 24-HDRs over the course of a year. Relative validity was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation, crosstab analysis and Bland–Altman plots. Linear regression models were used to compute the calibration coefficients. The estimated correlation coefficients were acceptable or strong for all nutrients and foods except iodine (rs = 0⋅19). The highest correlation coefficient was found for juice (rs = 0⋅71), whereas the lowest correlation coefficient was found for iodine (rs = 0⋅19). Cross-classification by quartiles categorised more than 72 % of the participants into the same or adjacent quartiles using the two methods. Few data points fell outside the limits of agreement in the Bland–Altman plots. Calibration coefficients ranged from 0⋅10 (wholegrain) to 0⋅81 (alcohol). Our findings suggest that the WebFFQ has reasonable ranking abilities for all the included nutrients and foods, except for iodine.
The role of serum vitamin 25(OH)D concentration in the Covid-19 pandemic in children
Authors: Kosmeri Chrysoula , Balomenou Foteini , Rallis Dimitrios , Baltogianni Maria , Giapros Vasileios 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe ongoing Coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19) pandemic and associated mortality in children led to an effort to address risk factors and develop protective measures. Observational studies in adults showed that vitamin D deficiency is associated with Covid-19 severity. The aim of this review was to summarise data regarding the role of serum vitamin 25(OH)D concentration in the severity of Covid-19 and the associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Many studies noted lower concentrations of vitamin 25(OH)D in children with Covid-19 compared with healthy controls; however, studies that assessed vitamin 25(OH)D suboptimal concentrations as a risk factor for Covid-19 severity were scarce. There was no high-quality evidence that vitamin 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with Covid-19 severity. Similarly, for MIS-C, a few studies with a small number of patients found that vitamin D deficiency was associated with more severe MIS-C. Vitamin D has many immunomodulatory actions and is consumed in the immunomodulatory cells, especially in infections such as the Covid-19 which is associated with increased inflammation and cytokine storm. Therefore, decreased concentrations of plasma vitamin 25(OH)D have been proposed to be the result of vitamin use by immunomodulatory cells in severe Covid-19, rather than a predisposing factor. In conclusion, the available data cannot prove that vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for severe Covid-19 disease. More studies, of prospective design, are needed to investigate the role of this marker independently of other risk factors.
Metabolomic disorders: confirmed presence of potentially treatable abnormalities in patients with treatment refractory depression and suicidal behavior
Authors: Pan Lisa A. , Segreti Anna Maria , Wrobleski Joseph , Shaw Annie , Hyland Keith , Hughes Marion , Finegold David N. , Naviaux Robert K. , Brent David A. , Vockley Jerry , Peters David G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundRefractory depression is a devastating condition with significant morbidity, mortality, and societal cost. Approximately 15% of patients with major depressive disorder are refractory to currently available treatments. We hypothesized metabolic abnormalities contributing to treatment refractory depression are associated with distinct findings identifiable in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Our hypothesis was confirmed by a previous small case-controlled study. Here we present a second, larger replication study.MethodsWe conducted a case-controlled, targeted, metabolomic evaluation of 141 adolescent and adult patients with well-characterized history of depression refractory to three maximum-dose, adequate-duration medication treatments, and 36 healthy controls. Plasma, urine, and CSF metabolic profiling were performed by coupled gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and high-performance liquid chromatography, electrospray ionization, tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsAbnormalities were identified in 67 of 141 treatment refractory depression participants. The CSF abnormalities included: low cerebral folate (n = 20), low tetrahydrobiopterin intermediates (n = 11), and borderline low-tetrahydrobiopterin intermediates (n = 20). Serum abnormalities included abnormal acylcarnitine profile (n = 12) and abnormal serum amino acids (n = 20). Eighteen patients presented with two or more abnormal metabolic findings. Sixteen patients with cerebral folate deficiency and seven with low tetrahydrobiopterin intermediates in CSF showed improvement in depression symptom inventories after treatment with folinic acid and sapropterin, respectively. No healthy controls had a metabolite abnormality.ConclusionsExamination of metabolic disorders in treatment refractory depression identified an unexpectedly large proportion of patients with potentially treatable abnormalities. The etiology of these abnormalities and their potential roles in pathogenesis remain to be determined.