bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluctuation and change of serum urate levels and flares in gout: results from the NOR-Gout study
Authors: Uhlig T. , Karoliussen L. F. , Sexton J. , Kvien T. K. , Haavardsholm E. A. , Perez-Ruiz F. , Hammer H. B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A gout attack may evolve after a purine-rich diet or alcohol and after starting urate-lowering therapy (ULT). The relationships between fluctuation and change in serum urate (SU) with the occurrence of flares were investigated in this study. In the prospective NOR-Gout study, gout patients with increased SU and a recent flare were treated to target with ULT over 1 year, with follow-up at year 2 with SU and flare as outcomes. SU and flares were assessed at both monthly and 3-monthly intervals until target SU was reached. Fluctuation over periods and changes in SU between two time points were assessed and compared in patients with and without flares. At year 1, 186 patients completed follow-up (88.2%) and 173 (82.0%) at year 2. Mean age (SD) at baseline was 56.4 (13.7) years, disease duration was 7.8 (7.6) years, and 95.3% were men. The first-year SU fluctuation and change were related to flare occurrence during year 1 (both p < 0.05). High fluctuation with an absolute sum of all SU changes during the first 9 months was related to flares over 3-month periods (all p < 0.05), and high fluctuation during the first 3 months was related to flares in months 3–6 (p = 0.04). Monthly and high SU changes or again reaching higher SU levels > 360 µmol/l were not related to flares. Fluctuation and change in SU were related to flare occurrence during the first year of ULT, while changes between visits and reaching SU levels > 360 µmol/L were not related to flares.

Key Points

• Urate-lowering therapy seeks to achieve a treatment target and prevent gout flares, and changes in serum urate are related to gout flares.

• Fluctuation and changes in serum urate were associated with gout flares, suggesting that fluctuation in serum urate is unfavourable during gout treatment.

• During urate-lowering therapy in gout in clinical practice, fluctuation of serum urate, for example, due to lack of adherence, should be observed and avoided.
Pattern of disease progression during third-line or later chemotherapy with nivolumab associated with poor prognosis in advanced gastric cancer: a multicenter retrospective study in Japan
Authors: Aoki Masahiko , Kadowaki Shigenori , Takahashi Naoki , Suzuki Takeshi , Oshima Kotoe , Ando Takayuki , Yamamoto Yoshiyuki , Kawakami Kentaro , Kito Yosuke , Matsumoto Toshihiko , Shimozaki Keitaro , Miyazaki Yasuhiro , Yamaguchi Toshifumi , Nagase Michitaka , Tamura Takao , Amanuma Yusuke , Esaki Taito , Miura Yuji , Akiyoshi Kohei , Baba Eishi , Makiyama Akitaka , Negoro Yuji , Nakashima Koji , Sugimoto Naotoshi , Nagashima Kengo , Shoji Hirokazu , Boku Narikazu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Accelerated tumor growth during immunotherapy in pre-existing measurable lesions, hyperprogressive disease (HPD), has been reported. However, progression of non-measurable lesions and new lesions are frequently observed in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC).

Methods
This retrospective study involved AGC patients at 24 Japanese institutions who had measurable lesions and received nivolumab after ≥ 2 lines of chemotherapy. HPD was defined as a ≥ two-fold increase in the tumor growth rate of measurable lesions. The pattern of disease progression was classified according to new lesions in different organs and ascites appeared/increase of ascites.

Results
Of 245 patients, 147 (60.0%) showed progressive disease (PD) as the best response and 41 (16.7%) showed HPD during nivolumab monotherapy. There was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between patients with HPD and those with PD other than HPD (median OS 5.0 vs 4.8 months; hazard ratio [HR] 1.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.6–1.5; p = 1.0). Fifty-three patients developed new lesions in different organs and 58 had appearance/increase of ascites; these patients showed shorter OS than those without each of these features (median OS 3.3 vs 7.1 months, HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.7, p = 0.0031 for new lesions, and 3.0 vs 7.8 months, HR 2.6, 95% CI 1.8–3.8, p < 0.0001 for ascites). Thirty-one patients who had both features showed the worst prognosis (median OS 2.6 months).

Conclusions
New lesions in different organs and appearance/increase of ascites, rather than the original definition of HPD, are the patterns of disease progression associated with poor prognosis in AGC patients receiving nivolumab whose best response was PD.
Detecting fake news and disinformation using artificial intelligence and machine learning to avoid supply chain disruptions
Authors: Akhtar Pervaiz , Ghouri Arsalan Mujahid , Khan Haseeb Ur Rehman , Amin ul Haq Mirza , Awan Usama , Zahoor Nadia , Khan Zaheer , Ashraf Aniqa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFake news and disinformation (FNaD) are increasingly being circulated through various online and social networking platforms, causing widespread disruptions and influencing decision-making perceptions. Despite the growing importance of detecting fake news in politics, relatively limited research efforts have been made to develop artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) oriented FNaD detection models suited to minimize supply chain disruptions (SCDs). Using a combination of AI and ML, and case studies based on data collected from Indonesia, Malaysia, and Pakistan, we developed a FNaD detection model aimed at preventing SCDs. This model based on multiple data sources has shown evidence of its effectiveness in managerial decision-making. Our study further contributes to the supply chain and AI-ML literature, provides practical insights, and points to future research directions.
A gold nanoparticles-based lateral flow assay utilizing baculovirus expressed recombinant nucleocapsid and receptor binding domain proteins for serodetection of IgG and IgM against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Salem Reda , Elshamy Amany M. , Kamel Noha , Younes Soha , Marie Ohoud M. , Waly Fatma R. , El-Kholy Alaa A. , Elmenofy Wael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSerological assays for SARS-CoV-2 are being utilized at an exponential rate for surveillance programs. This enterprise was designed to develop and validate a qualitative immunochromatographic test, via the Lateral Flow Assay (LFA), for detection of immunoglobulins M and G (IgM and IgG) against both nucleocapsid (N) and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Both targeted proteins were cloned and expressed in baculovirus expression system utilizing insect cells Sf9. The recombinant RBD and N proteins were purified and conjugated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to set up the coating antigens pad. Both anti-human IgG and IgM were dispensed on nitrocellulose membrane to capture human antibodies in serum samples. A home-made dispensing system was developed to draw identical test and control lines. The validity of the developed LFA was verified by testing serum samples from 103 convalescent COVID-19 patients who were PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2 along with 28 control serum samples. The developed strips showed distinctive bands for IgM and IgG of both proteins (RBD and N) in positive samples. The sensitivity of RBD-based LFA was 70.9% and 39.8% for IgG and IgM, respectively, with a specificity of 100% for both. The N-based LFA exhibited a sensitivity of 73.8% and 35.9% for IgG and IgM, respectively, while its specificity was 75% and 100% for IgG and IgM, respectively. Our developed LFA could afford a tool for surveillance programs in low-resource countries. Moreover, it might be functional for rapid and inexpensive monitoring of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the sera of vaccinated individuals.
Identifying research priorities in breast cancer surgery: a UK priority setting partnership with the James Lind Alliance
Authors: Potter Shelley , Fairhurst Katherine , Cowan Katherine , Vincent Simon , Lewis Ian , Cutress Ramsey I. , Stobart Hilary , Fairbrother Patricia , Turner Sophia , Davies-Crowley Kayleigh , Jeevan Ranjeet , Rattay Tim , O’Connell Rachel , Bundred Nigel , McIntosh Stuart A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
A James Lind Alliance priority setting partnership was developed to identify research priorities in breast cancer surgery from individuals with lived experience, at high genetic risk of breast cancer, and healthcare professionals (HCPs).

Methods
‘Uncertainties’ were collected using an online survey. Following an evidence check and development of summary questions, an interim survey asked participants to rank their top 10 research priorities from the question list. Top-ranked questions from patient/carer, high-risk and professional groups were carried forward for discussion to a final online prioritisation workshop.

Results
260 participants (101 patients/carers, 156 HCPs) submitted 940 uncertainties via the initial survey. These were analysed thematically into 128 summary questions in six topic areas. Following evidence checking, 59 questions were included in the interim survey which was completed by 572 respondents. Marked differences were seen in questions prioritised by patients/carers, HCPs and women at high-risk. The top eight priorities in patient/carer and professional groups and top two priorities for high-risk women were carried forward to the online workshop at which 22 participants discussed and agreed the final top 10. Key themes included de-escalation of breast and axillary surgery, factors impacting the development/detection of locoregional recurrence and optimal provision of support for informed treatment decision-making.

Conclusion
The top 10 research priorities in breast cancer surgery have been agreed. However, the observed differences in research priorities identified by patients and professional groups were not anticipated. Top priorities from both groups should inform future UK breast cancer surgical research, to ensure that it addresses questions that are important to breast cancer community as a whole.
Biomass partitioning and nutrient fluxes in Silphium perfoliatum and silage maize cropping systems
Authors: Ruf Thorsten , Emmerling Christoph 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cup plant cultivation as feedstock for anaerobic digestion has become an emerging topic in European Agriculture. Although there is a gap in methane yields between cup plant and the benchmark crop silage maize, cup plant as a perennial crop provides several ecological advantages. Amongst others, studies have proven its potential for carbon sequestration. With the present study, we addressed the gap in knowledge about biomass partitioning above- and belowground as well as recycling of organic matter and nutrients for cup plant and compared the results to silage maize. Therefore, a 2 year field experiment was conducted under practical conditions on rather shallow soil conditions in a low mountain landscape in Western Germany. Relevant plant fractions like litterfall, yield biomass and stubbles were collected continuously and analyzed for their nutrient contents. Results show that the cup plant is characterized by more than 2000 kg ha− 1 a− 1 of pre-harvest losses with a high palatability. In sum, only 77% of the grown cup plant biomass can be harvested in contrast to 96% of silage maize. Thus, an intense, element-specific nutrient recycling takes place in cup plant whereas this is negligible in silage maize. Furthermore, clearly different, element-specific nutrient exports with yield were highlighted. In cup plant, exports were distinctly lower for nitrogen but several times higher for calcium compared to silage maize. Cup plant also showed 36% more roots with higher root masses particularly in the subsoil.

Graphical abstract
Inter simple sequence repeats and morphological traits to identify cultivated cotton varieties (Gossypium barbadense L.) in Egypt
Authors: Zaki Hoida , Hussein Nagwa R. A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEgyptian cultivated Cotton significantly impacted Egypt's economy, as it is well-known worldwide. This study aims to determine how much genetic and phenotypic variation exists in five different varieties of Egyptian Cotton using Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) as a molecular marker and twenty-one quantitative and qualitative morphological traits as a taxonomic source in the development and evolution of this plant. Eleven ISSR primers were used, producing a total of 134 bands with a polymorphism percentage of 67%. Positive and negative significant Pearson correlations were found among the studied morphological traits in line with the phenotypic correlations in some characteristics. The genotypic correlation coefficient was higher in magnitude than that of phenotypic correlation. The five varieties were grouped into two major clusters using the UPGMA method based on morphological and ISSR analysis. The first one included G86 and G89 varieties, while the second cluster included G80 and G95; the G90 was separated from the other four varieties. This genetic relationship may be attributed to their similar ancestors. The information from this study should help with cotton breeding efforts to attain a high level of germplasm diversity and develop new high-yielding types to enhance cotton production and quality.
Framework for In Situ Measurements of Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Using a Microwave Cavity Resonator
Authors: Leusmann Yvonne , Hopkins Matthew G. , May Eric F. , Stanwix Paul L. , Richter Markus 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe ability to accurately predict the behavior of multiphase fluid mixtures underpins a broad range of industrial and scientific activity. Expanding the scope and improving the performance of predictive thermodynamic models relies on the availability of accurate experimental data for the complete phase behavior of the corresponding fluid mixtures. Here, we present a novel approach to in situ measurements of heterogeneous two-phase behavior in binary fluid mixtures using a single apparatus. A modified microwave re-entrant cavity apparatus is employed to simultaneously measure the dielectric properties of the liquid and vapor as well as the quality of each phase, based on the frequency shifts caused by a heterogeneous fluid for three independent resonant modes. We report a so far unique mathematical framework to further characterize the thermophysical properties of each phase along tie lines, determining the compositions of the coexisting vapor and liquid phase as well as the vapor and liquid phase densities within the two-phase region based on the Clausius–Mossotti relation between phase dielectric properties, density, and molar polarizability. The framework was validated by comparison of the measured and predicted properties of a (0.35 propane + 0.65 carbon dioxide) mixture throughout the two-phase region along an isothermal pathway at T = 280 K. These proof-of-concept results demonstrate for the first time that thermophysical properties of a binary mixture with a known overall composition can be determined from experiments with a microwave cavity using a synthetic approach.
Determining Regional Differences in Barriers to Accessing Health Care Among Farmworkers Using the National Agricultural Workers Survey
Authors: Soto Sheila , Yoder Aaron Meck , Aceves Benjamin , Nuño Tomas , Sepulveda Refugio , Rosales Cecilia Ballesteros 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFarmworkers are an essential workforce in the U.S. We assessed the regions in the National Agricultural Workers Survey on the difficulty of accessing health care among farmworkers in the U.S. The study included 9577 farmworkers. Farmworkers in all regions were more likely to report having difficulty accessing health care because it was too expensive. The overall odds ratio for difficulty accessing health care was lower in the MW after adjusting. Farmworkers employed in the SE had greater difficulty accessing health care because of language barriers. Farmworkers employed in CA had difficulty accessing health care in the U.S. because it was too expensive or far away. Results follow previous studies on barriers to access health care among the farmworker population. Understanding regional disparities in the presence of barriers to accessing health care among farmworkers is an essential step to improving equitable health care access in the U.S.
Discrete Integrable Systems and Random Lax Matrices
Authors: Grava Tamara , Gisonni Massimo , Gubbiotti Giorgio , Mazzuca Guido 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe study properties of Hamiltonian integrable systems with random initial data by considering their Lax representation. Specifically, we investigate the spectral behaviour of the corresponding Lax matrices when the numberNof degrees of freedom of the system goes to infinity and the initial data is sampled according to a properly chosen Gibbs measure. We give an exact description of the limit density of states for the exponential Toda lattice and the Volterra lattice in terms of the Laguerre and antisymmetric Gaussian$$\beta $$β-ensemble in the high temperature regime. For generalizations of the Volterra lattice to short range interactions, called INB additive and multiplicative lattices, the focusing Ablowitz–Ladik lattice and the focusing Schur flow, we derive numerically the density of states. For all these systems, we obtain explicitly the density of states in the ground states.
Sex and frequency of practical work as determinants of middle-school science students’ learning environment perceptions and attitudes
Authors: Rogers Joanne R. , Fraser Barry J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study of 431 Grade 9 and 10 students, we investigated gender and frequency of practical work as determinants of science students’ perceptions of their learning environment and attitudes. We assessed classroom environment with the Science Laboratory Environment Inventory (SLEI) and attitudes with the Students’ Adaptive Learning Engagement in Science (SALES) questionnaire and a scale involving students’ future intentions to study science. The surveys exhibited sound factorial validity and reliability. Interesting differences were found in the learning environment and student attitudes according to student gender and three different frequencies of practical work (namely, at least once a week, once every 2 weeks, or once every 3 weeks or more). More-frequent practical work was more effective than less-frequent practical work in terms of perceived open-endedness, integration and material environment in the laboratory environment and more-positive task value and self-regulation attitudes (with modest effect sizes exceeding one-third of a standard deviation). Although small gender differences existed for some scales, increasing the frequency of practical work was not differentially effective for male and female students.
Resection extent and BRAF V600E mutation status determine postoperative tumor growth velocity in pediatric low-grade glioma: results from a single-center cohort analysis
Authors: Gorodezki David , Zipfel Julian , Queudeville Manon , Sosa Jordana , Holzer Ursula , Kern Jan , Bevot Andrea , Schittenhelm Jens , Nägele Thomas , Ebinger Martin , Schuhmann Martin U. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Despite excellent long-term overall survival rates, pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGG) show high variety of clinical behavior regarding progress or senescence post incomplete resection (IR). This study retrospectively analyzes tumor growth velocity (TGV) of pLGG before surgery and after IR to investigate the impact of surgical extent, tumor location and molecular BRAF status on postoperative residual tumor growth behavior.

Methods
Of a total of 172 patients with pLGG receiving surgical treatment, 107 underwent IR (66%). Fifty-three vs 94 patients could be included in the pre- and post-operative cohort, respectively, and were observed over a mean follow-up time of 40.2 vs 60.1 months. Sequential three-dimensional MRI-based tumor volumetry of a total of 407 MRI scans was performed to calculate pre- and postoperative TGV.

Results
Mean preoperative TGV of 0.264 cm3/month showed significant deceleration of tumor growth to 0.085 cm3/month, 0.024 cm3/month and −0.016 cm3/month after 1st, 2nd, and 3rd IR, respectively (p < 0.001). Results remained significant after excluding patients undergoing (neo)adjuvant treatment. Resection extent showed correlation with postoperative reduction of TGV (R = 0.97, p < 0.001). ROC analysis identified a residual cut-off tumor volume > 2.03 cm3 associated with a higher risk of progress post IR (sensitivity 78,6%, specificity 76.3%, AUC 0.88). Postoperative TGV of BRAF V600E-mutant LGG was significantly higher than of BRAF wild-type LGG (0.123 cm3/month vs. 0.016 cm3/month, p = 0.047).

Conclusion
This data suggests that extensive surgical resection may impact pediatric LGG growth kinetics post incomplete resection by inducing a significant deceleration of tumor growth. BRAF-V600E mutation may be a risk factor for higher postoperative TGV.
On multivariate orthogonal polynomials and elementary symmetric functions
Authors: Bracciali Cleonice F. , Piñar Miguel A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe study families of multivariate orthogonal polynomials with respect to the symmetric weight function indvariables$$\begin{aligned} B_{\gamma }(\mathtt {x}) = \prod \limits _{i=1}^{d} \omega (x_{i}) \prod \limits _{i<j} |x_{i}-x_{j}|^{2\gamma +1}, \quad \mathtt {x}\in (a,b)^{d}, \end{aligned}$$Bγ(x)=∏i=1dω(xi)∏i<j|xi-xj|2γ+1,x∈(a,b)d,for$$\gamma >-1$$γ>-1, where$$\omega (t)$$ω(t)is an univariate weight function in$$t \in (a,b)$$t∈(a,b)and$$\mathtt {x} = (x_{1},x_{2}, \ldots , x_{d})$$x=(x1,x2,…,xd)with$$x_{i} \in (a,b)$$xi∈(a,b). Applying the change of variables$$x_{i},$$xi,$$i=1,2,\ldots ,d,$$i=1,2,…,d,into$$u_{r},$$ur,$$r=1,2,\ldots ,d$$r=1,2,…,d, where$$u_{r}$$uris ther-th elementary symmetric function, we obtain the domain region in terms of the discriminant of the polynomials having$$x_{i},$$xi,$$i=1,2,\ldots ,d,$$i=1,2,…,d,as its zeros and in terms of the corresponding Sturm sequence. Choosing the univariate weight function as the Hermite, Laguerre, and Jacobi weight functions, we obtain the representation in terms of the variables$$u_{r}$$urfor the partial differential operators such that the respective Hermite, Laguerre, and Jacobi generalized multivariate orthogonal polynomials are the eigenfunctions. Finally, we present explicitly the partial differential operators for Hermite, Laguerre, and Jacobi generalized polynomials, for$$d=2$$d=2and$$d=3$$d=3variables.
Normative relations, mind points and social ontology
Authors: Esfeld Michael , Köstner Guillaume 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe paper spells out an argument to the effect that rejecting what Sellars denounces as the “myth of the given” has a bearing not only on epistemology, but also on ontology: we get to recognizing persons as ontologically primitive. We spell that argument out by drawing on what is known as left-wing Sellarsianism, although our aim is not the exegesis of Sellars’s texts. Our aim is to show how one can get from this argument to a social ontology in the guise of a synoptic view that recognizes both persons and matter in motion as ontologically primitive and that employs the conceptual tools of ontic structural realism.