bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model for evaluating the impediments to secure and trustworthy IoT environment: a software industry study
Authors: Tripathi Akansha , Kushwaha Madan 
Published: November 2022

PurposeIn the existing era, the Internet of Things (IoT) can be considered entirely as a system of embedding intelligence. The transverse character of IoT systems and various components associated with the arrangement of IoT systems have confronted impediments in the form of security and trust. There is a requirement to efficiently secure the IoT environment. The present study recommends a framework for impediments to secure and trustworthy IoT environments.Design/methodology/approachThe present study identifies thirteen potential impediments to secure and trustworthy IoT environment. Further, a framework is developed employing Total Interpretive Structural Model (TISM) and Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification (MICMAC) approach. The integrated approach is employed as TISM organizes inter-relations among the identified impediments, while MICMAC analysis organizes interpretations related to the driving and dependence power of the impediments.FindingsThe results from the study represents that security of IoT from arbitrary attacks is the impediment that has attained the highest driving power. The impediments such as “security of IoT from arbitrary attacks”, “profiling” and “trust and prominence structure” are identified at the top level in the analysis.Research limitations/implicationsThe previous studies highlight the facilitating contribution of IoT on various devices but neglect the impediments that can contribute towards a safe and trustworthy IoT environment. Also, the present study has its limitations as it depends upon the experts’ recommendations and suggestions.Originality/valueThe existing framework could be beneficial in constructing policies and suggestions to efficiently cater the impediments to a secure and trustworthy IoT environment.
From competition to cooperation: Kin selection against selfish shade avoidance behaviour promotes plant invasions
Authors: Chen Liru , Pan Yuanfei , Pan Xiaoyun , Yu Liangrui , Sosa Alejandro , Yang Ji , Li Bo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

There is conflicting evidence from studies on the fitness consequences of plant kin interactions, suggesting that kinship is not the only important factor in determining the outcome of kin interaction.

Here, we tested whether density‐dependent kin interactions have evolved from competition to cooperation by kin selection of reduced shade avoidance responses following the introduction of an invasive plant. We measured how plants respond to kin neighbours (the same accession) and simulated vegetation shade (lower PPFD and R:FR ratio treatments using transparent green plastic filters) and determine whether shade avoidance responses affect the outcome of kin interactions using five native (Argentina) and five invasive (USA) accessions of Alternanthera philoxeroides.

Our results showed that invasive accessions exhibited constant stem elongation but increased total biomass as canopy density increased, while native accessions exhibited the opposite. Furthermore, invasive accessions reduced stem elongation, but increased biomass and defence allocation in response to an experimental treatment causing a low R:FR ratio, while native accessions exhibited the opposite.

Synthesis . Our results support the hypothesis that kin selection against shade avoidance may effectively promote the evolution of density‐dependent kin cooperation. This suggests that kin selection pressures may play a more important role in fine‐tuning plant shade avoidance responses than generally thought. Kin selection against selfish shade avoidance behaviour and release from negative density‐dependent regulation provides a new mechanism to explain plant invasion success for future studies.
Philosophy of Gurukula education: Personal education and practical democracy
Authors: Jayalakshmi Jayaraman , Smrithi Rekha Venkatasubramanian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEducation, which is as old as humanity, has existed in various personal forms in non-western societies, where an osmotic exchange of wisdom, values and life skills within families, tribes and communities was instrumental in the formation and continuation of diverse wisdom traditions all over the world. A personal system of education, called Gurukula (Sanskrit guru, teacher; kula, family) education, thrived in pre-colonial South Asia for centuries before it was replaced by colonial education. This article discusses the philosophy and science behind Gurukula education, where education was a personal process involving an osmotic exchange of essences between teacher and taught, giving wide scope for the celebration of the natural diversity and variability of human behaviour and personality leading to an education that provides equal opportunity in the real sense—as an equal fit between individuals and their environment(s), giving rise to a practical democracy.
RIG‐I‐mediated innate immune signaling in tumors reduces the therapeutic effect of oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Han Xinyu , Tan Weiqi , Chen Dahua , Sun Qinmiao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundOncolytic viral therapy is a promising method for tumor treatment. Currently, several oncolytic viruses (OVs) have been used as tumor therapy at different phases of research and clinical trials. OVs not only directly lyse tumor cells due to viral replication but also initiate host antitumor immune responses. Previous studies have primarily focused on how OVs activate adaptive immune responses in immune cells. However, the role of innate immune responses in tumors induced by OVs remains unclear.MethodsTo determine the innate immune responses induced by vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), the mutant VSVΔM51 strain was used for the infection and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed to measure the transcriptional levels of antiviral genes. The knockdown efficiency of RIG‐I was examined by qPCR. Viral titers were measured by plaque assays. Tumor models were established by intradermally implanting RIG‐I‐knockdown and control LLC cells into the flank of wild type C57BL/6J mice. When the tumors reached approximately 50mm3, they were infected with VSVΔM51 via intratumoral injections to examine its therapeutic effect.ResultsInfection with VSVΔM51 triggered remarkable innate immune responses in several tumor cell lines through the cytoplasmic RIG‐I sensing pathway. Moreover, we found that intratumoral injection of VSVΔM51 effectively reduced tumor growth in murine LCC lung cancer model. Importantly, VSVΔM51‐induced antitumor therapy was more effective in murine LLC tumor model established using Rig‐I‐knockdown cells compared with the tumor model established using control cells.ConclusionRIG‐I‐mediated innate immune signaling in tumor cells plays a negative role in regulating antitumor therapy with VSVΔM51 virus.
CD151 and prostate cancer progression: A review of current literature
Authors: Kang Zhen , Luo Yanping , Xiao Enhua , Li Qiubai , Wang Liang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProstate cancer morbidity and mortality are increasing globally and in China, and the rate of metastasis is also rising, limiting the therapeutic effect and clinical prognosis of prostate cancer. CD151 is considered to be the first promoter of tumor metastasis in the tetraspanin superfamily. Previous research has linked CD151 to the progression of a number of malignancies, including prostate cancer. However, a recent study found that CD151 can inhibit the progression of prostate cancer. As a result, this paper examines existing research on CD151 and prostate cancer progression in order to clarify the relationship and provide a possible reference for future studies.
Suspension of hostility: Positive interactions between spermatozoa and female reproductive tracts
Authors: Wolfner Mariana F. , Suarez Susan S. , Dorus Steve 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInteractions between spermatozoa and the female reproductive tract (FRT) are complex, in many cases poorly understood, and likely to contribute to the mechanistic basis of idiopathic infertility. As such, it is not surprising that the FRT was often viewed historically as a “hostile” environment for spermatozoa. The FRT has also been touted as a selective environment to ensure that only the highest quality spermatozoa progress to the oocyte for the opportunity to participate in fertilization. Recent advances, however, are giving rise to a far more nuanced view in which supportive spermatozoa × FRT interactions—in both directions—contribute to beneficial, even essential, effects on fertility. In this perspective article, we discuss several examples of positive spermatozoa × FRT interactions. We believe that these examples, arising in part from studies of taxonomically diverse nonmammalian systems, are useful to efforts to study mammalian spermatozoa × FRT interactions and their relevance to fertility and the advancement of assisted reproductive technologies.
Leigh syndrome is the main clinical characteristic of PTCD3 deficiency
Authors: Muñoz‐Pujol Gerard , Ortigoza‐Escobar Juan D. , Paredes‐Fuentes Abraham J. , Jou Cristina , Ugarteburu Olatz , Gort Laura , Yubero Delia , García‐Cazorla Angels , O'Callaghan Mar , Campistol Jaume , Muchart Jordi , Yépez Vicente A. , Gusic Mirjana , Gagneur Julien , Prokisch Holger , Artuch Rafael , Ribes Antonia , Urreizti Roser , Tort Frederic 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMitochondrial translation defects are a continuously growing group of disorders showing a large variety of clinical symptoms including a wide range of neurological abnormalities. To date, mutations in PTCD3, encoding a component of the mitochondrial ribosome, have only been reported in a single individual with clinical evidence of Leigh syndrome. Here, we describe three additional PTCD3 individuals from two unrelated families, broadening the genetic and phenotypic spectrum of this disorder, and provide definitive evidence that PTCD3 deficiency is associated with Leigh syndrome. The patients presented in the first months of life with psychomotor delay, respiratory insufficiency and feeding difficulties. The neurologic phenotype included dystonia, optic atrophy, nystagmus and tonic–clonic seizures. Brain MRI showed optic nerve atrophy and thalamic changes, consistent with Leigh syndrome. WES and RNA‐seq identified compound heterozygous variants in PTCD3 in both families: c.[1453‐1G>C];[1918C>G] and c.[710del];[902C>T]. The functional consequences of the identified variants were determined by a comprehensive characterization of the mitochondrial function. PTCD3 protein levels were significantly reduced in patient fibroblasts and, consistent with a mitochondrial translation defect, a severe reduction in the steady state levels of complexes I and IV subunits was detected. Accordingly, the activity of these complexes was also low, and high‐resolution respirometry showed a significant decrease in the mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Functional complementation studies demonstrated the pathogenic effect of the identified variants since the expression of wild‐type PTCD3 in immortalized fibroblasts restored the steady‐state levels of complexes I and IV subunits as well as the mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Additionally, minigene assays demonstrated that three of the identified variants were pathogenic by altering PTCD3 mRNA processing. The fourth variant was a frameshift leading to a truncated protein. In summary, we provide evidence of PTCD3 involvement in human disease confirming that PTCD3 deficiency is definitively associated with Leigh syndrome.
The effect of hormone replacement therapy on cognition and mood
Authors: Sharma Aditi , Davies Rhianna , Kapoor Aditi , Islam Heraa , Webber Lisa , Jayasena Channa N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo summarise the available data regarding the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on cognition and mood in women.BackgroundComplaints of impaired cognition and mood are common in the peri‐menopausal and menopausal period. There is debate as to whether HRT can ameliorate this phenomenon.DesignA literature search of studies using electronic databases was conducted. Both randomised control trials and observational studies were included.PatientsPerimenopausal and menopausal women.ResultsDue to the heterogenicity of results it is challenging to draw firm conclusions. The preparations used in many of the studies are older regimes no longer routinely used clinically. The notion of a ‘critical window’ for HRT is compelling, suggesting HRT has a positive impact on cognition when administered in the peri‐menopausal or early postmenopausal period but may have negative effects on cognition in the older, postmenopausal woman. The evidence would seem to suggest importance of hormonal replacement in woman undergoing a surgical menopause, especially when young. It remains unclear for how long they ought to continue HRT though until at least the natural age of the menopause seems reasonable. Evidence for a positive effect of HRT on mood is more convincing, though possibly more efficacious in the younger age group. The effect of HRT on anxiety is less clear.ConclusionsFurther study, particularly focusing on the more contemporaneous HRT preparations, is warranted before evidence‐based conclusions can be drawn.
Connecting and engaging with health and social care: Exploring the core components of a telephone and web‐mediated family navigation prevention service
Authors: Waid Jeffrey , Tomfohrde Olivia , Kutzler Courtney 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEarly engagement with health care, mental health care, and social services can promote the well‐being of children and families. How practitioners can best support family engagement with these services however remains largely unknown. To address this gap in knowledge, data from a voluntary 12‐week telephone and web‐mediated family navigation preventive intervention called Navigate Your Way were subject to mixed‐methods analysis. Twenty‐nine caregivers and five family navigators contributed data to the study. Thematic analysis of weekly navigator check‐ins, participant closing interviews, navigator discharge notes, and lab meeting notes was conducted and followed by quantitative analysis of navigator effort across project activities. Results were then mixed to illuminate the essential conditions for supporting family connection to health care, mental health care, and social services. Qualitative analysis identified themes related to empathic engagement and person‐centred navigation as central to connecting families to needed services. Quantitative analysis of navigator effort identified participant outreach, weekly check‐ins, service identification, and ongoing supervision as essential navigation activities. Together, providing an environment that is supportive, consistent, flexible, person‐centred and tailored to families' specific needs are important for connecting to health and social care.
Structural Deleveraging: Evidence from China
Authors: Ma Caoyuan , Guo Pin , Zhang Zhao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUsing province‐level data in China for the period of 1999–2015, we examine the mechanisms through which sectoral differences in leverage ratio and productivity affect macro leverage ratios. The state‐owned sector undertakes a large number of public services and plays an irreplaceable role in solving market failures and providing public goods. However, in the case of information asymmetry and incentive incompatibility, these policy burdens affect the leverage optimization and productivity improvement of the state‐owned sector. From the perspective of sectoral differences, we therefore decompose the change in macro leverage ratio into leverage ratio structure effect and productivity structure effect, and then substantiate the impact mechanisms of these two effects on macro leverage ratios. Overall, our conclusions provide theoretical support and empirical evidence for structural deleveraging in China.
A one‐day focused cardiac ultrasound training has a limited impact on residents’ abilities to visually assess right ventricular dimensions and function
Authors: Tilly Roman , Mehrlaender Martin , Reichle Christian , Rosenberger Peter , Magunia Harry , Keller Marius 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundFocused cardiac ultrasound (FCU) is a helpful tool to rapidly identify right ventricular (RV) causes of hemodynamic instability and facilitate the initiation of therapy. The clinical value of existing course models often remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of a one‐day FCU training on the visual estimation skills of RV characteristics.MethodsFour residents were included as the study group after completing a standardized one‐day FCU training. Four gender‐matched controls did not take part in the training. All residents graded image quality, RV systolic function, and RV dimensions in a test comprising 35 ultrasound clips.ResultsThe study and control group did not differ in ICU or ultrasound experience. Overall, training participants were able to distinguish between good and insufficient image quality significantly better than the control group (agreement 80.0% vs 61.4%, p = 0.04). The agreement for the estimation of RV function and RV dimensions was not different between the groups (63.2% vs 60.5%, p = 0.66 and 64.3% vs 67.1%, p = 0.18, respectively). Descriptively, only small differences were found between the groups for the estimation of RV function and RV dimensions in subgroups of patients with normal versus reduced systolic RV function or normal versus enlarged RV dimensions, respectively. Both groups struggled in identifying RV enlargement (34.6% vs 46.2%).DiscussionIn this study, a single one‐day FCU training had no impact on residents’ skills to visually assess systolic RV function or RV dimensions. Improvements of current training modalities or continuous teaching models are needed to optimize residency programs and patient care.
Exertional desaturations after COVID‐19: A case for PFO closure
Authors: Yogeswaran Vidhushei , Chung Christine J. , Kirkpatrick James N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe present a case of a woman with past medical history notable for mild COVID‐19 infection who presented with dyspnea on exertion, then developed progressively worsening exertional desaturations and was found to have a patent foramen ovale (PFO). Extensive cardiopulmonary testing revealed no clear alternate etiology for her symptoms. After much discussion, she underwent successful closure of the PFO with complete resolution of her symptoms and significantly improved exertional desaturation.
Microclimate in hollow trees and how it affects an inhabiting beetle species,Osmoderma eremita
Authors: Lindman Ly , Öckinger Erik , Ranius Thomas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStudies of species' responses to microclimatic conditions have increased our understanding of their habitat requirements and possible responses to climate warming. However, little is known about the role of microclimate for insects inhabiting hollow trees.We explored the relationship between tree characteristics and microclimate, and analysed how the microclimate in tree‐hollows affects the occurrence and body size of an endangered beetle species,Osmoderma eremita.We placed temperature data‐loggers in wood mould (= loose material in tree‐hollows) and surveyedO. eremitain 47 hollows in oak pastures in south‐eastern Sweden. We found that tree characteristics previously known to be associated with occurrence of beetle species confined to tree‐hollows (larger diameters, more wood mould, entrances higher up, and not directed upwards) tend to decrease moisture and moisture variation, while their effects on temperature and temperature fluctuations differ during different seasons. This indicates that microclimatic conditions are important for beetles in hollow trees, and many specialised species seem to avoid conditions that are too moist.O. eremitaoccurred more frequently in trees with a warmer and more stable microclimate, while adult body size decreased with a warmer microclimate. A positive effect of a warmer microclimate was expected, since the study was done near the northern margin of the species' range.O. eremitais confined to living in hollow trees, which may be due to the microclimate there being more stable in comparison to both the ambient climate and the microclimate in standing and downed dead wood.
Very high cycle fatigue under tension/torsion loading of mold low alloy steel
Authors: da Costa Pedro R. , Reis Luís , Freitas Manuel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUltrasonic fatigue testing (UFT) is a recent fatigue methodology that applies resonance to achieve very high cyclic load frequencies. Its primary purpose is to study fatigue in the very high cycle fatigue regime. In this study, an UFT machine was used to conduct multiaxial tension/torsion fatigue tests at a 20‐kHz frequency. The objective was to reach a reliable multiaxial fatigue test and methodology by modifying the geometry of the specimen, enabling also different shear to axial stress ratios. The study conducted numerical and experimental modal behavior analysis of the ultrasonic setup and specimens focused on achieving a consistent modal deformed shape and associating the measured displacement to the induced stresses thermographic imaging, laser and rosette strain gauges measurements were carried out to validate the results. A good numerical to experimental agreement was achieved. Tension/torsion fatigue test series were conducted to three combining dimension specimens with different shear/axial stress ratios. The crack initiation angles and fracture surfaces were analyzed and compared among each other and with tension–compression and pure torsion ultrasonic tested specimens. The results prove a clear trend in crack propagation details with the increase of the induced stress ratio.
Distinct patterns of soil bacterial and fungal community assemblages in subtropical forest ecosystems under warming
Authors: Zhou Shu‐Yi‐Dan , Lie Zhiyang , Liu Xujun , Zhu Yong‐Guan , Peñuelas Josep , Neilson Roy , Su Xiaoxuan , Liu Zhanfeng , Chu Guowei , Meng Ze , Yan Junhua , Liu Juxiu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractClimate change globally affects soil microbial community assembly across ecosystems. However, little is known about the impact of warming on the structure of soil microbial communities or underlying mechanisms that shape microbial community composition in subtropical forest ecosystems. To address this gap, we utilized natural variation in temperature via an altitudinal gradient to simulate ecosystem warming. After 6 years, microbial co‐occurrence network complexity increased with warming, and changes in their taxonomic composition were asynchronous, likely due to contrasting community assembly processes. We found that while stochastic processes were drivers of bacterial community composition, warming led to a shift from stochastic to deterministic drivers in dry season. Structural equation modelling highlighted that soil temperature and water content positively influenced soil microbial communities during dry season and negatively during wet season. These results facilitate our understanding of the response of soil microbial communities to climate warming and may improve predictions of ecosystem function of soil microbes in subtropical forests.