bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Stratification and Outcomes in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension: Insights into Right Ventricular Strain by MRI Feature tracking
Authors: Zhou Di , Li Xin , Yin Gang , Li Shuang , Zhao Shihua , Liu Zhihong , Lu Minjie 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundDespite a recommended multidimensional approach for pulmonary hypertension (PH) risk stratification and guidance of treatment decisions, this may not always be achievable in patients with advanced disease. One issue is the lack of an imaging modality to assess right ventricular (RV) structure and function abnormalities.PurposeTo explore the risk stratification and prognostic value of cardiac MR feature tracking (MR‐FT)‐derived RV strain.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 80 patients with idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (N = 52) or chronic thromboembolic PH (N = 28).Field StrengthA 1.5 T or 3.0 T, balanced steady‐state free precession sequence.AssessmentAll patients underwent laboratory testing, right heart catheterization, and MR imaging (and in 37 cases, a cardiopulmonary exercise test was also performed) within a 1‐month period. Cardiac functional parameters and both global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global circumferential strain (GCS) were analyzed. Patients were stratified into low, intermediate, and high‐risk groups by guideline suggested stratified values of risk factors. The combined endpoint was death or hospitalization for congestive heart failure assessed during follow‐up since the date of MR examination.Statistical TestsKolmogorov–Smirnov's test, independent‐sample t‐tests, Wilcoxon's rank‐sum tests, one‐way analysis of variance, χ2 tests or Fisher's exact test, receiver operating characteristic analysis, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, and Cox regression analysis. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe median follow‐up duration was 3.4 years. Thirty‐five patients presented with combined endpoint including 10 cardiac deaths. RV structural and deformation impairments were significantly associated with combined endpoint (ejection fraction: 31.3% ± 13.2% vs. 38.0% ± 14.8%, hazard ratio [HR: 0.974; GLS: −14.5 [−18.6, −10.9] % vs. −20.4 [−26.0, −13.2] %, HR: 1.071; GCS: −9.8 [−14.5, −7.3] % vs. −12.3 [−19.9, −8.4] %, HR: 1.059). There were significant differences in RVGLS among low, intermediate, and high‐risk groups (−19.3% ± 7.2% vs. −17.3% ± 9.4% vs. −11.5% ± 4.4% by cardiac functional class, −21.8% ± 7.3% vs. −19.4% ± 8.2% vs. −12.7 ± 5.3% by NT‐proBNP, −19.7% ± 7.7 vs. −15.8% ± 6.5% vs. −12.6% ± 8.2% by cardiac index).Data ConclusionRV deformation may aid risk stratification in patients with PH, providing crucial information for RV remodeling, pulmonary hemodynamic condition and exercise capacity.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Are H1 and H3 haplotypes of endothelial protein C receptor (PROCR) an important factor in contracting COVID‐19?
Authors: Ceylan Mehmet Reşat , Kankılıç Nazım , Öz Özlem 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe development of cardiovascular disease shows increase after contracting coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19) disease and myocardial damage is observed in patients who have had the disease severely. The relationship between genetic cardiovascular risk factors with COVID‐19 infection was investigated in our study. One hundred thirty‐five patients, 27 of whom were COVID‐19 (−) and 108 were COVID‐19 (+) patients, were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups ([COVID‐19 [−], COVID‐19 [+] asymptomatic, and COVID‐19 [+] symptomatic + patients with pulmonary involvement]). Genetic cardiovascular risk factors were examined in blood samples taken from the patients with new generation sequencing analysis. In the clinical classification, there were no significant differences between the three groups in fibrinogen beta chain—455G>A, human platelet antigen 1 (HPA1b)/platelet receptor GPIIIa/(ITGB3) (HPA1a/b; GpIIIa; integrin beta 3 L33P), ACE I/D, AGT (M268T), AGTR1 (1166A>C), Apo E (E2/E3/E4) (rs7412, rs429358), eNOS (786T>C), eNOS (894G>T) genes (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were observed in PROCR H3 haplotype/G (endothelial protein C receptor gene [EPCR] 4600A>G [A3 haplotype]), PROCR H1 haplotype/C (EPCR 4678G>C [A1 haplotype]) genes (p < 0.05). When COVID‐19 (+) and COVID‐19 (−) groups were compared, it was observed that the infection was more common in people with PROCR H1 haplotype/C and PROCR H3 haplotype/G genotypes (p < 0.05). PROCR H1 and PROCR H3 haplotypes may be an important factor in contracting COVID‐19 disease. In people with COVID‐19 disease, revealing PROCR genetic differences and measuring sEPCR levels will be beneficial in the follow‐up of the disease.
Precipitation and temperature anomalies over Aotearoa New Zealand analysed by weather types and descriptors of atmospheric centres of action
Authors: Pohl Benjamin , Sturman Andrew , Renwick James , Quénol Hervé , Fauchereau Nicolas , Lorrey Andrew , Pergaud Julien 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWeather types (WTs) are often used to assess the relationships between synoptic‐scale atmospheric dynamics and local scale climate anomalies. We focus here on Aotearoa New Zealand (ANZ) where pre‐existing WTs have recently been characterized using a set of descriptors monitoring the daily location and intensity of their main atmospheric centres of action (ACAs). We show here that the precipitation and temperature anomalies associated with the WTs in ANZ are more complex than previously thought. They do not solely depend on type occurrence, but are also strongly modulated by within‐type changes in the location and intensity of ACAs, and their interaction with surface terrain. Thus, the mere analysis of WT occurrence is not sufficient to explain climate variability over ANZ. The magnitude and sign of daily minimum and maximum temperature anomalies are strongly driven by meridional advection of temperature, which is also driven by within‐type changes in ACAs. The amplitude of precipitation anomalies is likewise strongly variable within WTs. Associated mechanisms involve interactions between the underlying terrain and atmospheric fluxes modulated by ACAs, modifying the strength and location of orographic uplift. Finally, daily extreme precipitation can occur under several cyclonic WTs, more particularly when their low‐pressure ACAs are significantly more intense than normal. This situation is associated with more intense moisture transport towards ANZ, promoting heavy precipitation there. These results provide a detailed assessment of within‐type variability in temperature and precipitation patterns at both synoptic and local scales. They also help to improve understanding of local effects of larger scale synoptic patterns, thereby allowing for more accurate use of analogues in forecasting.
Winds are changing: An explanation for the warming of the Netherlands
Authors: Hoogeveen Jippe , Hoogeveen Han 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWestern Europe is warming rapidly, much faster than the world average. To explain this phenomenon for the Netherlands, we look at the region where the airflow comes from instead of looking at the wind on the ground. Thereto, we consider 24 so‐called weather patterns, which describe the origin of the airflow (north, northeast, etc.) and whether the airflow comes straight at us, or with bending of isobars (cyclonal or anticyclonal). For each day from January 1, 1836 onwards, we have determined the corresponding weather pattern on basis of the weather maps from Reanalysis archives at wettercentrale.de. Using a statistical test, we can see that a shift has occurred in the weather patterns, which has resulted in a significant increase in airflow coming from warmer directions. We further have applied linear regression to explain the daily average temperatures on basis of the weather patterns for the period 1961–2020. In this way, we find for the daily model an R2 value of 0.60 and for the yearly model, based on the aggregated average daily values, we find an R2 of 0.81, which is increased to 0.85 when we take the influence of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and the Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) into account. These values strongly suggest that the warming in the Netherlands is caused by a shift in the origin of the airflow to warmer directions.
Regulation of gingival keratinocyte monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1‐induced protein (MCPIP)‐1 and mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein (MALT)‐1 expressions by periodontal bacteria, lipopolysaccharide, and interleukin‐1β
Authors: Firatli Yigit , Firatli Erhan , Loimaranta Vuokko , Elmanfi Samira , Gürsoy Ulvi K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate oral bacteria‐ and interleukin (IL)‐1β‐induced protein and mRNA expression profiles of monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1‐induced protein (MCPIP)‐1 and mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein (MALT)‐1 in human gingival keratinocyte monolayers and organotypic oral mucosal models.MethodsHuman gingival keratinocyte (HMK) monolayers were incubated with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and IL‐1β. The protein levels of MCPIP‐1 and MALT‐1 were examined by immunoblots and mRNA levels by qPCR. MCPIP‐1 and MALT‐1 protein expression levels were also analyzed immunohistochemically using an organotypic oral mucosal model. One‐way analysis of variance followed by Tukey correction was used in statistical analyses.ResultsIn keratinocyte monolayers, MCPIP‐1 protein expression was suppressed by F. nucleatum and MALT‐1 protein expression was suppressed by F. nucleatum, P. gingivalis LPS and IL‐1β. P. gingivalis seemed to degrade MCPIP‐1 and MALT‐1 at all tested time points and degradation was inhibited when P. gingivalis was heat‐killed. MCPIP‐1 mRNA levels were increased by P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum, and IL‐1β, however, no changes were observed in MALT‐1 mRNA levels.ConclusionGingival keratinocyte MCPIP‐1 and MALT‐1 mRNA and protein expression responses are regulated by infection and inflammatory mediators. These findings suggest that periodontitis‐associated bacteria‐induced modifications in MCPIP‐1 and MALT‐1 responses can be a part of periodontal disease pathogenesis.
Qualitative and quantitative determination of the primary active components and metabolites in human plasma after oral administration of Shuanghuanglian liquid
Authors: Zhang Shengman , Liu Ying , Peng Ni , Chen Xiaoyan 
Published: June 2022

Shuanghuanglian oral liquid is a common traditional Chinese medicine used to treat respiratory tract infections. Its major components are baicalin, chlorogenic acid, and forsythin. In this study, the main drug‐related components in human plasma after oral administration of Shuanghuanglian were initially identified using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet detector/quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Thirteen components from baicalin were identified, including the parent drug baicalin and aglycone baicalein. Only one metabolite related to chlorogenic acid, a sulfate conjugate formed after hydrolysis, and one metabolite related to forsythin, a sulfate conjugate of forsythin aglycone, were detected. Subsequently, a liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method was established and validated to simultaneously determine baicalin and baicalein, the primary active components. After simple protein precipitation, the analytes were separated on a BEH C18 column using a 5 min‐gradient elution to avoid interference from baicalin isomers and their in‐source dissociation. Excellent linearity was observed over the concentration ranges of 5.00–2000 ng/ml for baicalin and 1.00–100 ng/ml for baicalein. The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of an oral administration of 60 ml Shuanghuanglian in healthy subjects. This study provided a foundation to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of Shuanghuanglian further.
Early cardiomyopathy without severe metabolic dysregulation in a patient with cblB‐type methylmalonic acidemia
Authors: Agnarsdóttir Dagbjört , Sigurjónsdóttir Vaka Kristín , Emilsdóttir Arna Rut , Petersen Erna , Sigfússon Gunnlaugur , Rögnvaldsson Ingólfur , Franzson Leifur , Vernon Hilary , Bjornsson Hans Tomas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCardiomyopathy is a known complication of organic acidemias but generally thought to be secondary to poor metabolic control.MethodsOur patient was found through biochemical testing and Sanger sequencing to harbor an Icelandic founder mutation: NM_052845.4(MMAB):c.571C > T(p.Arg191Trp), leading to an early presentation (4 h after birth) of cblB‐type methylmalonic acidemia (MMA). Biochemical testing of this patient suggested B‐12‐responsiveness and thus the patient was treated with cyanocobalamin throughout life. Informed parental consent was obtained for this report.ResultsOur patient had three metabolic decompensations in her life (at birth, at 1 month, and at 5 months). The first decompensation was probably linked to stress of delivery, second to rhinovirus infection, and third by co‐infection of norovirus and enterovirus. At 3 months, the patient was noted to be tachypneic, although this was attributed to her underlying metabolic acidosis. At 5 months and 10 days, the patient was admitted with minor flu‐like symptoms but developed severe diarrhea in hospital and upon rehydration had cardiac decompensation and was found to have undiagnosed dilated cardiomyopathy. Although, patient was treated aggressively with dextrose, hemodialysis, levocarnitine, and vasoactive agents, there was limited response to medications to treat cardiac failure, and eventually the patient passed away before turning 6 months old.ConclusionsOther than these three mild decompensations, patient had very good metabolic control, thus demonstrating that even without frequent metabolic decompensation, cardiomyopathy can be an observed phenotype in cblB‐type MMA even very early in life, suggesting that this phenotype may be independent of metabolic control.
Association between Habitual Diet and the Postprandial Glucose Response—An Enable Study
Authors: Reik Anna , Brandl Beate , Schauberger Gunther , Wawro Nina , Linseisen Jakob , Skurk Thomas , Volkert Dorothee , Hauner Hans , Holzapfel Christina 
Published: June 2022

ScopeIt is inconclusive which factors influence inter‐individual variations of postprandial glucose response (PPGR). This study investigates whether the habitual diet is associated with PPGR.Methods and resultsData from healthy adults (young adults with 18–25 years, middle‐aged adults with 40–65 years, and older adults with 75–85 years) is collected at baseline and during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) collected. Habitual diet is assessed by a food frequency questionnaire and two 24‐h food lists. Associations between habitual diet and glucose incremental area under the curve (iAUCmin) are examined by regression models. The intake of cereals and cereal products is negatively associated with glucose iAUCmin (p = 0.002) in the total cohort (N = 459, 50% women, 55 ± 21 years, BMI 26 ± 5 kg m−2). Up to 9% of the variance in the glycemic response is explained by the respective dietary parameters identified in the models of the specific age groups.ConclusionThere are age‐specific diet‐related effects on PPGR. The usual intake of cereals and cereal products seems to play a greater role in PPGR in more than one age group. Further research is needed, to establish how diet can be optimized based on age and PPGR.
The Protective Effect of Sweet Potato Root Tuber on Chemotherapy‐Induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Qi Zi‐Heng , Yan Xiao‐Jun , Liu Yang‐Yang , Hou Xia , Zhao Zhu , Zhu Yan‐Yan , He Ying‐Jie , Wang Zhao‐Jie , Yang Hong‐Jun , Na Zhong‐Yuan , Zhao Yun‐Li , Luo Xiao‐Dong 
Published: June 2022

ScopeSweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is one of the leading crops worldwide, containing high nutritional components such as fiber and polyphenols. Root tuber of Simon 1 (SIMON), a cultivar of sweet potato, is a folk food in China with a hemostasis function but lacking experimental data support.Methods and resultsNow the protective effect of SIMON on chemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia (CIT), a serious complication of cancer treatment, is investigated for the first time by a CIT mouse model induced by intraperitoneal injection of carboplatin. As a result, SIMON raises the number of peripheral platelets, white blood cells, and bone marrow nucleated cells in CIT mice significantly. Besides, carboplatin‐induced atrophy of the thymus, spleen, and disordered metabolism of the inflammatory immune system and glycerophospholipids are also reversed by SIMON. Phytochemical analysis of SIMON indicates 16 compounds including eight phenolic derivatives, which might be associated with its anti‐CIT bioactivity.ConclusionSweet potato (SIMON) may be an efficient function food in the prevention of bleeding disorders.
Carbon Dioxide Switchable Polymers – Recent Developments and Emerging Applications
Authors: Cunningham Michael F. , Jessop Philip G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCarbon dioxide has emerged as an alternative trigger for stimuli‐responsive or “switchable” materials that has unique advantages compared to conventional triggers. The principles of CO2 switching have been applied to a wide range of materials and processes, including polymeric materials and polymerization processes. This Perspective briefly reviews the types of polymer materials that have been made CO2‐switchable, and the types of processes where CO2 switching has been utilized to address process‐related challenges such as catalyst recovery. Recent research is then highlighted conducted in the groups on a range of new switchable polymers and processes, emphasizing emerging applications where CO2 switching may offer novel solutions and opportunities for commercial development.
MR Fingerprinting with b‐Tensor Encoding for Simultaneous Quantification of Relaxation and Diffusion in a Single Scan
Authors: Afzali Maryam , Mueller Lars , Sakaie Ken , Hu Siyuan , Chen Yong , Szczepankiewicz Filip , Griswold Mark A. , Jones Derek K. , Ma Dan 
Published: June 2022

PurposeAlthough both relaxation and diffusion imaging are sensitive to tissue microstructure, studies have reported limited sensitivity and robustness of using relaxation or conventional diffusion alone to characterize tissue microstructure. Recently, it has been shown that tensor‐valued diffusion encoding and joint relaxation‐diffusion quantification enable more reliable quantification of compartment‐specific microstructural properties. However, scan times to acquire such data can be prohibitive. Here, we aim to simultaneously quantify relaxation and diffusion using MR fingerprinting (MRF) and b‐tensor encoding in a clinically feasible time.MethodsWe developed multidimensional MRF scans (mdMRF) with linear and spherical b‐tensor encoding (LTE and STE) to simultaneously quantify T1, T2, and ADC maps from a single scan. The image quality, accuracy, and scan efficiency were compared between the mdMRF using LTE and STE. Moreover, we investigated the robustness of different sequence designs to signal errors and their impact on the maps.ResultsT1 and T2 maps derived from the mdMRF scans have consistently high image quality, while ADC maps are sensitive to different sequence designs. Notably, the fast imaging steady state precession (FISP)‐based mdMRF scan with peripheral pulse gating provides the best ADC maps that are free of image distortion and shading artifacts.ConclusionWe demonstrated the feasibility of quantifying T1, T2, and ADC maps simultaneously from a single mdMRF scan in around 24 s/slice. The map quality and quantitative values are consistent with the reference scans.
Prospective motion correction and automatic segmentation of penetrating arteries in phase contrast MRI at 7 T
Authors: Moore Julia , Jimenez Jordan , Lin Weili , Powers William , Zong Xiaopeng 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo develop a prospective motion correction (MC) method for phase contrast (PC) MRI of penetrating arteries (PAs) in centrum semiovale at 7 T and to evaluate its performance using automatic PA segmentation.MethodsHead motion was monitored and corrected during the scan based on fat navigator images. Two convolutional neural networks (CNN) were developed to automatically segment PAs and exclude surface vessels. Real‐life scans with MC and without MC (NoMC) were performed to evaluate the MC performance. Motion score was calculated from the ranges of translational and rotational motion parameters. MC versus NoMC pairs with similar motion scores during MC and NoMC scans were compared. Data corrupted by motion were reacquired to further improve PA visualization.ResultsPA counts (NPA) and PC and magnitude contrasts (MgC) relative to neighboring tissue were significantly correlated with motion score and were higher in MC than NoMC images at motion scores above 0.5–0.8 mm. Data reacquisition further increased PC but had no significant effect on NPA and MgC. CNNs had higher sensitivity and Dice similarity coefficient for detecting PAs than a threshold‐based method.ConclusionsProspective MC can improve the count and contrast of segmented PAs in the presence of severe motion. CNN‐based PA segmentation has improved performance in delineating PAs than the threshold‐based method.
Relationship between chewing ability and malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty in older adults
Authors: Özsürekci Cemile , Kara Murat , Güngör Anıl Evrim , Ayçiçek Gözde Şengül , Çalışkan Hatice , Doğu Burcu Balam , Cankurtaran Mustafa , Halil Meltem Gülhan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies reported that impaired nutrition is associated with reduced muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. Chewing ability is essential to maintain balanced oral nutrient intake. The study was designed to define the possible relationship between chewing ability and nutrition‐related problems (malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty) in a holistic perspective.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study recruited adults aged ≥65 years. All patients were evaluated with comprehensive geriatric assessment. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criterion. Malnutrition was determined according to body mass index, calf circumference, and Mini Nutritional Assessment short form (MNA‐SF). Frailty status was diagnosed with the Clinical Frailty Scale. Masseter and gastrocnemius muscle thicknesses (MTs) were measured via ultrasonography imaging. Oral examinations were carried out by a dentist, and chewing performance was examined with a color‐changeable chewing gum.ResultsOverall, 135 older adults (76 females) were analyzed. Mean ± SD age was 75.7 ± 7.2 years; 37.0% of the patients were frail, 3.7% were malnourished, 12.6% were sarcopenic, and 20.0% had poor chewing function. In the poor chewing function group, age and frailty scores were increased and the MNA‐SF scores, handgrip strength, skeletal muscle index, and masseter MT were reduced (all P < 0.05). After adjusting for confounders, regression analysis showed that low grip strength and low gastrocnemius MT were independently associated with poor chewing ability.ConclusionsChewing ability was related to sarcopenia. Age and low grip strength in females and low cognitive scores and having low gastrocnemius MT in males were independent variables affecting chewing ability.