bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical discourse analysis of BBC and CNN political news’ headlines on the Christchurch Mosque Massacre in New Zealand
Authors: Al-Badawi Mohammed , Al Najjar Ibrahim 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study aims at investigating the language of politics in news headlines regarding the Christchurch massacre in New Zealand from a Critical Discourse Analysis perspective to examine how power and ideology reside in texts. The data of this study consist of 39 headlines extracted from the BBC and CNN online news agencies. The data were analyzed utilizing the socio-cultural approach of Fairclough (2013). Representative examples were discussed in terms of the three stages of Fairclough’s approach. The results of the study revealed that the reporters tended to use the passive voice structure in headlines that describe the attacker in conformance with the New Zealand policy, which states that his identity should not be revealed. However, they used the active voice structure while referring to the victims, their families, and the New Zealanders at large in order to emphasize their way of dealing with the attack. In addition, the role of Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern in her legal capacity was highlighted by shedding light on her pronouncements to fight against terrorism. It was also found that the use of the metaphor as a figurative device entails that terrorism is a rare phenomenon in New Zealand.
Is a Strategic Partnership Between Turkey and Russia Feasible at the Expense of Turkey’s Relations with the EU and NATO?
Authors: Bardakçı Mehmet 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article mainly contends that since the real and expected benefits from the European Union (EU) and NATO were not delivered sufficiently from Turkey’s perspective, Turkey looked for alternatives and collaborated with Russia more intensely in recent years. Turkey’s cooperation with Russia was also facilitated by several global, political, economic, conjectural, security-related, and individual-level factors. Another argument of the study is that despite Turkey’s intensive collaboration with Russia, it is not feasible for Turkey to build a strategic partnership with it in the short- and medium-term at the expense of its relations with NATO and the EU. The main reasons for this are, in addition to the institutional and social shortcomings, geostrategic divergences, Russia’s inadequacy as an economic actor, the pitfalls of an asymmetric relationship with Russia, the security risks posed by Russia, NATO’s continuing importance for Turkey’s security needs, and the incompatibility of Russia’s and Turkey’s political systems.
Whose Minority? The Resistant Identity of the Moldavian Csangos
Authors: Şerban Stelu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article is based on my fieldwork in 2002 in a village in Eastern Romania with a multi-confessional population made up mostly of Roman Catholics/Csangos and Orthodox Christians. The core premise of the analysis is that the collective identity manifested here transcends ethnic and confessional divides. The field data about the village’s cross-cultural life fall into the following categories: the oral history of the village, the performing of rituals, and the local history of modernization. These topics inform a single collective identity that is grounded in an expressive culture (Fredrik Barth) and as such requires critical reflection on the cultural complexity of collective identities as the Csangos, which have been formed within multiple and overlapping social and historical contexts. The subject is the different temporalities that emerge during political modernization. In conclusion, in the Csangos’ case, the constructivist concept of ethnicity should be revisited and complemented with an acknowledgment of Csangos’ benign self-identification, which sheds light on their discrete or hidden identity.
Alternative criteria for writing system typology
Authors: Joyce Terry , Meletis Dimitrios 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn essence, typologies of writing systems seek to classify the world’s diverse writing systems in principled ways. However, against backdrops of early, misguided assumptions (Gelb 1969 [1952]) and stubborn term confusions, most proposals have focused primarily on the dominant levels of representational mapping (i. e., morphemic, syllabic, or phonemic), despite their shortcomings as idealizations (Joyce 2016, forthcoming; Joyce and Borgwaldt 2011; Meletis 2018). In advocating for exploring a more diverse range of criteria, either as alternatives or complementary factors, this paper outlines a promising framework for organizing typology criteria (Meletis 2018; 2020), which consists of three broad categories; namely, (a)linguistic fit, (b)processing fitand (c)sociocultural fit. Linguistic fit concerns the match between a language and its writing system and, thus, relates closely to the traditional criterion of representational mapping. Processing fit pertains to the physiological and cognitive aspects of a writing system, such as word spacing. Finally, sociocultural fit addresses the communicative and social functions of writing systems, such as implementing orthographic reforms. In singling out a particular parameter from each category, the paper illustrates its potential application as a typology criterion with cross-linguistic observations from the German (GWS) and the Japanese writing systems (JWS).
Tracking the changes in the structural, optical and photoluminescent properties of CuCo2O4/MnS nanocomposites with different composition ratios
Authors: Heiba Zein K. , Mohamed Mohamed Bakr , Farag Noura M. , Badawi Ali 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
(1−x)CuCo2O4/xMnS (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5) nanocomposite samples were formed using hydrothermal and thermolysis procedures. X-ray diffraction (XRD) phase analysis showed the formation of only CuCo2O4 phase necessitating the inclusion of Mn and S ions into the CuCo2O4 lattice. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses confirmed the presence of Mn and S ions in the nanocomposite samples. Rietveld refinement method was applied to determine the cation distribution of the different ions between different sites. The cell parameter (a) has no fixed trend of change. The average crystallite size is almost the same for all samples with an average of 15 nm. The effect of insertion of Mn and S ions into the CuCo2O4 on the diffused absorbance, extinction coefficient, refractive index, dielectric properties, and nonlinear optical parameters was discussed in detail. The pristine CuCo2O4 nanoparticles have two direct optical band gaps (1.65, 2.74) eV which are decreased to (1.59, 2.56) and (1.58, 2.54) eV for the MnS content x = 0.25 and 0.5, respectively. The two indirect optical band gaps of pristine CuCo2O4 changed irregularly as the MnS amount increased in the nanocomposite. The PL spectrum of CuCo2O4 is shifted to higher wavelength in the visible region upon alloying with MnS. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity of the nanocomposite samples is smaller than that of CuCo2O4 sample. The emitted PL colors depended on the amount of Mn and S ions in the CuCo2O4 matrix.
Effect of Pigments on Structural Properties of Colored Reinforced Concrete Beams
Authors: Saade Jad , Assaad Joseph J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe need for colored reinforced concrete (RC) structures has increased in the modern building industry. This paper assesses the effect of white-colored titanium dioxide as well as red- and yellow-colored iron oxide (IO) pigments on the structural properties of RC beams with or without stirrups. The concrete mixtures had a water-to-cement ratio of 0.5, while pigments were added at 1.5 % and 3 % of cement mass. Test results showed that the concrete compressive strength increased with such additions (i.e., about 20 % to 31 % for mixtures containing 3 % pigment rates), given the micro-filler effect that enhanced the binder-packing density and refined the matrix microstructure. The incorporation of pigments had an insignificant influence on the ultimate flexural strength of under-reinforced beams containing stirrups, wherein the load-carrying capacity is controlled by yielding of the tensile steel reinforcement. In contrast, the shear strength of RC beams without stirrups improved with such additions (i.e., about 28 % to 70 % for mixtures containing 3 % pigment rates), particularly the yellow IO having a needle-shaped morphology. In addition to the micro-filler effect, the needles could have acted as nucleation sites to create bridging hydrating compounds that enhanced the aggregate interlock mechanism.
An Algorithm of Layered Defogging for Remote Sensing Image Based on Meteorological Load Factor
Authors: Wang Guan , He Dandan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
For the serious degradation of outdoor images in dense fog weather, a layered defogging algorithm based on meteorological load factor was proposed. According to the concept of fog density factor, the relationship between visibility and fog concentration factor was established with the help of the atmospheric extinction coefficient based on the guided filtering method. The fog density factor was obtained by estimating the visibility value of dense fog image, and the atmospheric light value was estimated by the guided filtering of gray image. On this basis, the atmospheric scattering model was used to compensate the saturation of remote sensing image. Moreover, the depth of field layering algorithm of fog remote sensing image based on human vision system theory was used to obtain the fog-free image with vibrant color. The results show that the proposed algorithm can restore the whole remote sensing image accurately and obtain the restored remote sensing image with better brightness and color. Meanwhile, this algorithm has the characteristics of significant effect, thorough defogging, high saturation and contrast, and short defogging time.
Cellular Agriculture: An Outlook on Smart and Resilient Food Agriculture Manufacturing
Authors: Bapat Salil , Koranne Vishvesh , Shakelly Neha , Huang Aihua , Sealy Michael P. , Sutherland John W. , Rajurkar Kamlakar P. , Malshe Ajay P. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Over the centuries, the application of grassland and cutting of livestock have been the primary foundations for the production of food agriculture manufacturing. Growing human population, accelerated human activities globally, staggering food inequity, changing climate, precise nutrition for extended life expectancy, and more demand for protein food call for a new outlook to smartness in food agriculture manufacturing for delivering nutritious food. Cellular agriculture, 3-D printing of food, vertical urban farming, and digital agriculture, alongside traditional means, are envisioned to transform food agriculture and manufacturing systems for acceptability, availability, accessibility, affordability, and resiliency for meeting demands of food in this century for communities across the United States and the world. This technical note illustrates the thought leadership for cellular agriculture as a part of the new food agriculture manufacturing revolution.
Contralateral Limb Specificity for Movement Preparation in the Parietal Reach Region
Authors: Mooshagian Eric , Yttri Eric A. , Loewy Arthur D. , Snyder Lawrence H. 
Published: January 2022

The canonical view of motor control is that distal musculature is controlled primarily by the contralateral cerebral hemisphere; unilateral brain lesions typically affect contralateral but not ipsilateral musculature. Contralateral-only limb deficits following a unilateral lesion suggest but do not prove that control is strictly contralateral: the loss of a contribution of the lesioned hemisphere to the control of the ipsilesional limb could be masked by the intact contralateral drive from the nonlesioned hemisphere. To distinguish between these possibilities, we serially inactivated the parietal reach region, comprising the posterior portion of medial intraparietal area, the anterior portion of V6a, and portions of the lateral occipital parietal area, in each hemisphere of 2 monkeys (23 experimental sessions, 46 injections total) to evaluate parietal reach region's contribution to the contralateral reaching deficits observed following lateralized brain lesions. Following unilateral inactivation, reach reaction times with the contralesional limb were slowed compared with matched blocks of control behavioral data; there was no effect of unilateral inactivation on the reaction time of either ipsilesional limb reaches or saccadic eye movements. Following bilateral inactivation, reaching was slowed in both limbs, with an effect size in each no different from that produced by unilateral inactivation. These findings indicate contralateral organization of reach preparation in posterior parietal cortex.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUnilateral brain lesions typically affect contralateral but not ipsilateral musculature. Contralateral-only limb deficits following a unilateral lesion suggest but do not prove that control is strictly contralateral: the loss of a contribution of the lesioned hemisphere to the control of the ipsilesional limb could be masked by the intact contralateral drive from the nonlesioned hemisphere. Unilateral lesions cannot distinguish between contralateral and bilateral control, but bilateral lesions can. Here we show similar movement initiation deficits after combined unilateral and bilateral inactivation of the parietal reach region, indicating contralateral organization of reach preparation.
Ferias del Hongo para la difusión de la micología en las zonas tropicales de México
Authors: Uitzil Colli Michael Oswaldo 
Published: January 2022

La micología es la ciencia que se dedica al estudio de los hongos. Es un área extensa y diversificada, cuyos aportes van desde la generación de conocimiento hasta el desarrollo tecnológico de productos.
Pero ¿qué tanto se conoce fuera de la comunidad científica del reino Fungi?
En México, desde tiempos prehispánicos se tiene la tradición del consumo de hongos silvestres comestibles, entre los diversos grupos originarios que se distribuyen a lo largo del territorio mexicano. El consumo de hongos como una tradición, se encuentra ubicado en gran parte, hacia el centro del país. No obstante, también es posible encontrar esta tradición en algunas regiones del sureste mexicano. Elementos como el clima y la vegetación contribuyen a la prosperidad de los hongos en el ecosistema y figuran como un recurso muy apreciado por las comunidades indígenas, ya que inclusive estas poseen nombres vernáculos que les permiten diferenciar un hongo de otro, es decir, aún conservan un enorme repositorio de conocimiento empírico.
Sin embargo, para aquella porción de la sociedad que no forma parte de estos grupos étnicos, o que no posee conocimientos especializados o empíricos en torno a las ciencias biológicas, el consumo de hongos se encuentra restringido de manera general a aquellos encontrados en el supermercado.
Y ¿cuál es la labor que se ha hecho y se está realizando en divulgación micológica en México?
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Presencia de Ephydatia ﬂuviatilis (Porifera: Spongillidae) en Costa Rica
Authors: Murillo Roger , Mora Margarita 
Published: January 2022

Los registros de esponjas de agua dulce en Centroamérica son escasos (Poirier 1982) por falta de estudios. Las especies conocidas son Eunapiusfrgilis en Guatemala (Meek 1905); Trochospongilla leidyi, T horrid y E. carteri en Panamá (Poirrier 1990); Anheteromeyenia rderi en Belize (Poirrier 1977); Spongilla alba y Ephydatiaﬂuviatilis en El Salvador (Poirier 1989). Para Costa Rica no hay registro de ninguna especie; sin embargo, en muestreos en la Provincia de Guanacaste se ha encontado Radiospongilla y E. ﬂuviatilis (M. Poirier, como pers.).
A gyógyszeres kezelésre nem javuló hirtelen halláscsökkenés lépcsőzetes sebészi terápiája
Authors: Kovács Márton , Uzsaly János , Bodzai Gréta , Gerlinger Imre , Szanyi István , Bakó Péter 
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. A hirtelen halláscsökkenés patofiziológiája még
nagyrészt tisztázatlan, így oki terápia nem lehetséges. Az elsődleges kezelést a
helyileg vagy szisztémásan adott kortikoszteroid jelenti, egységes protokoll
azonban nem áll rendelkezésre. Nagy vagy súlyos fokú hirtelen halláscsökkenés
esetén kóroki tényezőként felmerül a perilymphafistula lehetősége még azoknál a
betegeknél is, akiknél nem szerepel trauma az anamnézisben. A kórkép műtéti
kezelése a dobüreg feltárását követően a belső fül ablakainak obliterálása.
Amennyiben ez a megoldás nem eredményez megfelelő hallásjavulást, hagyományos
vagy implantálható hallókészülékek alkalmazása javasolt. A közleményben
részletezett esetünkben teljes siketséggel járó, jobb oldali hirtelen
halláscsökkenés alakult ki, melynek hátterében egyértelmű okot azonosítani nem
sikerült. Az eredménytelen kombinált, intratympanalis és szisztémás
szteroidkezelést követően exploratív tympanotomiát végeztünk, melynek során a
belső fül ablakait obliteráltuk. Hallásjavulást ezt követően sem sikerült
kimutatni, így cochlearis implantáció elvégzése mellett döntöttünk. Az
implantációt a kerek ablakon keresztül végeztük, mely alapján kijelenthetjük,
hogy az előzetes kerekablak-obliteráció nem zárja ki a későbbi cochlearis
implantációt. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(51): 2055–2060.
Summary. The pathophysiology of sudden sensorineural hearing loss is
mainly unknown, therefore no causative treatment exists. Systemic and local
administration of corticosteroids serves as first line therapy although
protocols vary. In cases of severe or profound hearing loss with no improvement
for medical therapy, perilymphatic fistulae can be assumed even without any
history of trauma. Therefore, inner ear window obliteration as a primary
surgical option in the early stage can be considered. For patients without
complete recovery, conventional hearing aids or implantable hearing devices can
be offered. In our case report, we present a patient with right sided idiopathic
sudden deafness. After failure of conservative combined intratympanic and
systemic steroid therapy, explorative tympanotomy and obliteration of the inner
ear windows were performed. As no hearing improvement was witnessed, successful
cochlear implantation via round window insertion was performed.
Our case justifies that obliterating the round window membrane does not rule out
further successful cochlear implantation. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(51):
2055–2060.
Bilateral Symmetry of Number and Size of Dental Caries Lesions among Children
Authors: Dagon Nurit , Blumer Sigalit , Liani Devora , Peretz Benjamin , Ratson Tal 
Published: January 2022

Aim. To determine the bilateral occurrence of caries lesions in 5–12-year-old children, and to assess whether one bitewing photograph can predict caries size and occurrence in the homologous tooth on the other side of the mouth.
Study design. The study was carried out on 222 medical files of children 5–12 years old who were first examined in the university dental clinic. The presence and size of the caries lesions in the first and second primary molars and first permanent molars were recorded.
Results. No correlation was found when comparing the caries lesion distribution of each tooth’s proximal surface. Seventy-one of the X-rays demonstrated a single caries lesion in a first or second primary molar or in a first permanent molar on one side of the mouth, of which 21.3% demonstrated a single caries lesion in the collateral side, 43.6% demonstrated 2 or more lesions, and 35.21% did not have any caries lesion on the collateral side of the mouth.
Conclusion. One bitewing cannot determine the presence and size of a caries lesion on the same site of the homologous tooth.
Immersive and Non-Immersive Virtual Reality Distraction on Pain Perception to Intraoral Injections
Authors: Kumari Supriya , Bahuguna Rachana , Garg Nishita , Yeluri Ramakrishna 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of immersive VR (IVR) and non-immersive VR (NIVR) distraction on perceived pain during intraoral injections in children undergoing dental procedures. The objective was to introduce 3-dimensional nature of virtual reality during the provoking phase of dental treatment as a means of distraction in children.
Study design: A total of 200 children were selected for the study, 100 for IVR group and 100 for NIVR group. After randomization, children were introduced to Oculus Go Standalone equipment; MCDAS (f), VAS, WBFRS and the treatment procedure using tell show do technique. Group I children were introduced to oculus go standalone headset with hand held controller to play temple run or roller coaster game while in group II, children watched cartoon movies of their choice. Pre-operative & post-operative MCDAS scores were obtained using MCDAS (f) questionnaire in local language. Post-operatively, VAS and WBFRS scores were also obtained. The data was analyzed using independent t-test and chi-square analysis.
Results: Pre-operatively, the mean MCDAS scores were similar in both the groups viz. Group–I (29.20 ± 3.197) and Group–II (29.09 ± 3.803) and is statistically not significant. Post-operatively, the mean MCDAS scores were higher in non-immersive group (20.72 ± 2.822) as compared to immersive group (10.99 ± 2.227). VAS score was higher in non-immersive group (2.72 ± 0.99) as compared to immersive group (0.75 ± 0.88). WBFRS scores were higher in non-immersive group (2.78 ± 1.097) as compared to immersive group (0.82 ± 1.104).
Conclusion: Three-dimensional virtual reality was found to be an effective means of distraction in children undergoing dental procedures and especially during the provoking phase. The significant difference obtained clearly indicates irrespective of immersiveness of virtual reality, anxiety had been decreased and on comparison the pain perception to intraoral injection is less in immersive virtual reality environment. Immersive VR distraction technique can serve as an adjunct to traditional behavior management strategies already available to the pediatric dentist.