bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visualizing water inside an operating proton exchange membrane fuel cell with video‐rate terahertz imaging
Authors: Alves‐Lima Decio Filipe , Williams Bryan M. , Schlegl Harald , Gupta Gaurav , Letizia Rosa , Dawson Richard , Lin Hungyen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSuccessful
water management is critical to achieving high performance in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The relatively high sensitivity of terahertz radiation to liquid water is promising as a complementary alternative for flooding detection in PEMFCs. Using a novel, commercially available terahertz source and camera, this paper investigates the feasibility of a compact and low‐cost terahertz imaging system for visualizing water build‐up inside an operating PEMFC, supported by simultaneous high‐resolution optical imaging. Several phenomena of water accumulation and transport, such as membrane hydration, main droplet appearance, water pool formation, growth, and eventual flush out by gases are imaged by terahertz imaging. These results agree with optical imaging and cell voltage readings. The proposed setup is also able to distinguish the effect of different air flow rates.
Resource dependence theory in international business: Progress and prospects
Authors: Jiang Han , Luo Yadong , Xia Jun , Hitt Michael , Shen Jia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryResource dependence theory (RDT) has been widely applied in the context of international business (IB) over the past four decades. This study reviews and synthesizes the insights of RDT in IB literature accumulated over the past 40 years and derives an integrative addendum for future research. We highlight three critical dependence dimensions (i.e., locational, interorganizational, and intraorganizational dependencies) and three essential RDT themes (i.e., dependence solutions, dependence‐managing outcomes, and macro environmental conditions of RDT) in the IB context. Our review concludes that the IB literature has reached a good level of conceptual and empirical consensus concerning how multinational corporations (MNCs) take a large array of resource dependence actions and manage their resource dependence in various situations. We also find a strong need for further extension of RDT in IB research, offering suggestions for future research, including additional theoretical integration, underlying processes, and new dynamics that change the course of cross‐border interdependencies under the new global reality.Managerial SummaryThis study systematically reviews the stock of knowledge over the past 40 years on how the logic of resource dependencies unfolds in IB practices (e.g., cross‐border M&As, alliances and joint ventures, global supply chains, corporate political strategies, headquarters‐subsidiary relationships, and upper‐echelon decisions). Our findings and conclusions offer a decision roadmap for IB practitioners to assess various resource dependence situations with external and internal stakeholders in IB operations and to effectively manage such interdependencies. We also elaborate on the important implications of MNCs' strategies for effectively managing their resource dependencies in international exchanges in the modern world, which is characterized by the coexistence of trends leading of both globalization and de‐globalization.
Spontaneous regression of an human papillomavirus‐positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Seo Stefanie , Rooper Lisa , Seiwert Tanguy Y. , Fakhry Carole 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSpontaneous regression (SR) of cancer is an exceedingly rare phenomenon. While SR is well‐documented for some cancers, very few reports exist in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) and none in human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive OPSCCs.MethodsA 67‐year old man presented with a left‐sided neck mass. Neck CT, PET, and biopsies showed a SCC in a left‐sided lymph node without a primary lesion. Immunohistochemistry confirmed HPV16. Six weeks after biopsy, the patient underwent left selective tonsillectomy and neck dissection.ResultsSurgery revealed a left tonsillar SCC and no lymph nodes with tumor. Histology revealed homogenous fibrosis and intermixed immune cells indicative of tumor regression analogous to reports of immune‐related pathologic responses. AE1/AE3 immunostain was also negative for tumor. All lymph nodes remained negative at 1 year follow‐up.ConclusionWe described a spontaneously regressed lymph node in a tonsillar HPV‐positive SCC. The unique immune environment of HPV‐positive OPSCCs, and unknown environmental or host factors, may have played a role in our patient's SR which requires future studies to elucidate.
Chemical Tools to Study Bacterial Glycans: A Tale from Discovery of Glycoproteins to Disruption of Their Function
Authors: Barrett Katharine , Dube Danielle H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBacteria coat themselves with a dense array of cell envelope glycans that enhance bacterial fitness and promote survival. Despite the importance of bacterial glycans, their systematic study and perturbation remains challenging. Chemical tools have made important inroads toward understanding and altering bacterial glycans. This review describes how pioneering discoveries from Prof. Carolyn Bertozzi's laboratory inspired our laboratory to develop sugar probes to facilitate the study of bacterial glycans. As described below, we used metabolic glycan labelling to install bioorthogonal reporters into bacterial glycans, ultimately permitting the discovery of a protein glycosylation system, the identification of glycosylation genes, and the development of metabolic glycan inhibitors. Our results have provided an approach to screen bacterial glycans and gain insight into their function, even in the absence of detailed structural information.
One hundred years of drainage development in the Holland Marsh, Canada, and implications for long‐term sustainability
Authors: Madramootoo Chandra A. , Abbasi Naeem A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe low‐lying peatlands of the Holland Marsh are intensively cultivated with high‐value vegetable crops, worth some $450 million Canadian annually. This high productivity is due to the fact that there have been significant investments to empolder the marsh, through the construction of dykes, embankments, canals, ditches, tile drainage, and installation of pumping stations. However, attention must be paid to the long‐term environmental sustainability of the Holland Marsh, given the high phosphorus loads and eutrophication in Lake Simcoe, the principal drainage outlet for the agricultural run‐off from the marsh. It is important that non‐point source pollution be reduced and drainage water quality better managed. In addition to agro‐environmental best management practices, adoption of controlled drainage, and improved drainage water pumping strategies are recommended. These could help achieve the P reduction target established by the government of Ontario and the Lake Simcoe Region Conservation Authority.
Toward an information systems architecture model for university hospitals: A case study in a Brazilian public hospital
Authors: Júnior Silvano Herculano da Luz , Medeiros Francisco Petrônio Alencar de , Lira Heremita Brasileiro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe implementation of information systems (IS) architecture is a step in constructing enterprise architecture (EA) according to The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) and can introduce notable benefits in supporting the management and governance of information and communications technology (ICT) in organizations. However, the literature lacks models that support the construction of IS architectures in university hospitals (UHs). The Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Pernambuco (HC‐UFPE) is a large UH that confronts ICT misalignments of with other internal areas. In this context, this study investigates and proposes an IS architecture model for UHs through a case study conducted at HC‐UFPE. The data collection methodology for constructing the IS architecture of this hospital was based on consultations with institutional documents, interviews with strategic stakeholders, and participant observations in the hospital's ICT sector. Open coding and data triangulation were used to analyze the data. This study presents two main contributions. (1) The development of a model used to assist in the construction of IS architecture for UHs. The model developed in this study has a practical application with the TOGAF 9.2 framework and Archi software for constructing an IS architecture for HC‐UFPE. (2) The development and delivery of an HC‐UFPE IS architecture to support the hospital's ICT governance, providing, through EA artifacts, a holistic view of the hospital's current and future ICT processes, in addition to the identification of gaps, challenges, and viable solutions to be considered for decision making to improve service delivery and ICT alignment with other hospital areas.
In vivo biocompatibility of SrO and MgO doped brushite cements
Authors: Nandi Samit K. , Roy Mangal , Bandyopadhyay Amit , Bose Susmita 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe addition of dopants in biomaterials has emerged as a critical regulator of bone formation and regeneration due to their imminent role in the biological process. The present work evaluated the role of strontium (Sr) and magnesium (Mg) dopants in brushite cement (BrC) on in vivo bone healing performance in a rabbit model. Pure, 1 wt% SrO (Sr‐BrC), 1 wt% MgO (Mg‐BrC), and a binary composition of 1.0 wt% SrO + 1.0 wt% MgO (Sr + Mg‐BrC) BrCs were implanted into critical‐sized tibial defects in rabbits for up to 4 months. The in vivo bone healing of three doped and pure BrC samples was examined and compared using sequential radiological examination, histological evaluations, and fluorochrome labeling studies. The results indicated excellent osseous tissue formation for Sr‐BrC and Sr + Mg‐BrC and moderate bone regeneration for Mg‐BrC compared to pure BrC. Our findings indicated that adding small amounts of SrO, MgO, and binary dopants to the BrC can significantly influence new bone formation for bone tissue engineering.
Laboratory and clinical evaluation of a microarray for the detection of ATP7B mutations in Wilson disease in China
Authors: Jia Siyu , Li Xiaojin , Zhang Wei , Zhang Bei , Wu Zhen , Duan Weijia , Ou Xiaojuan , Zhou Donghu , Huang Jian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and objectiveWilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive copper metabolic disorder caused by mutations in ATP7B. Sanger sequencing is currently used for ATP7B variant identification. However, the ATP7B gene contains 21 exons, which makes sequencing of the entire gene both complex and time‐consuming. Therefore, a simpler assay is urgently needed.MethodsWe performed a laboratory and clinical evaluation of an oligonucleotide microarray for the detection of 24 ATP7B recurrent mutations (except p.P992L) in Chinese patients with WD.ResultsThe accuracy of the microarray was evaluated by screening for ATP7B mutations in 126 patients including 106 suspected WD samples and 20 patients with other liver diseases as negative control. Results were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. We established a reliable microarray system for the rapid detection of the 24 ATP7B mutations, with a sensitivity of 30 ng/test genomic DNA and specificity of 100% for all loci; the coefficient of variation in repeatability tests was <10%. Clinical evaluation showed an overall concordance between the microarray detection and sequencing of 100%, and 81.13% (86/106) of suspected WD cases showed ATP7B mutations by microarray detection. Microarray and Sanger sequencing identified p.R778L (50.94%), p.A874V (17.92%), p.P992L (11.32%), p.V1106I (11.32%), and p.I1148T (6.60%) as the most common mutations in WD patients.ConclusionsOur microarray system is customizable and easily used for high‐throughput detection of certain recurrent ATP7B mutations, providing a simpler method suitable for WD genetic diagnosis in China.
Louse flies holding on mammals' hair: Comparative functional morphology of specialized attachment devices of ectoparasites (Diptera: Hippoboscoidea)
Authors: Hayer Sarah , Sturm Beeke P. , Büsse Sebastian , Büscher Thies H. , Gorb Stanislav N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHippoboscidae and Nycteribiidae of the dipteran superfamily Hippoboscoidea are obligate ectoparasites, which feed on the blood of different mammals. Due to their limited flight capability, the attachment system on all tarsi is of great importance for a secure grasp onto their host and thus for their survival. In this study, the functional morphology of the attachment system of two hippoboscid species and two nycteribiid species was compared in their specificity to the host substrate. Based on data from scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy, it was shown that the attachment systems of both Hippoboscidae and Nycteribiidae (Hippoboscoidea) differ greatly from that of other calyptrate flies and are uniform within the respective families. All studied species have an attachment system with two monodentate claws and two pulvilli. The claws and pulvilli of the Hippoboscidae are asymmetric, which is an adaptation to the fur of even‐toed ungulates (Artiodactyla). The fur of these mammals possesses both, thinner woolen and thicker coat hair; thus, the asymmetry of the attachment system of the hippoboscid species enables a secure attachment to all surfaces of their hosts. The claws and pulvilli of the nyceribiid species do not show an asymmetry, since the fur of their bat (Chiroptera) hosts consists of hairs with the same thickness. The claws are important for the attachment to mammals' fur, because they enable a secure grip by mechanical interlocking of the hairs through the claws. Additionally, well‐developed pulvilli are able to attach on thicker hairs of Artiodactyla or on smooth substrates such as the skin.
Production of tomato powder from tomato puree with foam‐mat drying using green pea aquafaba: drying parameters and bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds
Authors: Kilicli Mahmut , Erol Kubra Feyza , Toker Omer Said , Tornuk Fatih 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to valorize green pea cooking water (aquafaba) as a foaming agent in foam‐mat drying of tomato. For this aim, density of foam‐mats (green pea aquafaba+tomato puree) changed between 1.06 and 0.45 g/mL depending on the aquafaba concentration. Foam‐mats with 5 mm thickness were dried at 50, 60 and 70°C at 1.3 m/s air velocity.ResultsThe results showed that the porous structure of foams with lower densities resulted in higher drying rates and moisture diffusivities. Redness (a*) value decreased with increasing aquafaba content (p < 0.05). Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (CUPRAC, DPPH and FRAP) of the resulting tomato powders were also determined. Moreover, bioaccessibility of phenolics and antioxidant activities were also determined using in vitro digestion.ConclusionsAll of the bioactive parameters are positively affected by foam‐mat drying process. Using aquafaba as a foaming agent accelerated the drying period and improved bioactive characteristics of the powders. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
The use of an automated organism tracking microscope in mesocosm experiments
Authors: Blackburn Nicholas , Haecky Pia , Jurgensone Iveta , Griniene Evelina , Brugel Sonia , Andersson Agneta , Carstensen Jacob 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA method for automatically counting and measuring sizes and motility behavior of zooplankton and phytoplankton in water samples is presented. Two video cameras are focused on separate optical chambers of different sizes. The chambers are filled and emptied repeatedly by synchronized pumps. Real‐time motion analysis is performed by computer on the respective video feeds. Fluorescence from chlorophyll a (Chl a) is imaged at single pixel resolution. Measured parameters for individual organisms include size, swimming velocity, motility patterns, and chlorophyll fluorescence density. The system was tested during a mesocosm experiment where it was mounted on one of several mesocosm columns. The results were validated against Chl a measurements and microscopy counts. A sampling interval of 1 per day revealed detailed dynamics of chlorophyll activity as well as shifts in both the phytoplankton and zooplankton community structure over the course of a month. A helix coefficient, a metric related to organism motility behavior, showed substantial variation over time, consistent with changing plankton communities. Sampling rates as frequent as 1 per hour enables detailed analysis of diurnal vertical migration and similar phenomena at fixed sampling points.
Cationic Modified PVA Hydrogels Provide Low Friction and Excellent Mechanical Properties for Potential Cartilage and Orthopedic Applications
Authors: Chen Yuru , Song Jian , Wang Song , Liu Weiqiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPoly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel is a promising candidate for articular cartilage repair yet restrained by its mechanical strength and tribological property. Current work reports a newly designed PVA‐based hydrogel modified by glycerol (g), bacterial cellulose (BC), and a cationic polymer poly (diallyl dimethylammonium chloride) (PDMDAAC), which is a novel cationic strengthening choice. The resultant PVA‐g‐BC‐PDMDAAC hydrogel proves the effectiveness of this modification scheme, with a confined compressive modulus of 19.56 MPa and a friction coefficient of 0.057 at a joint‐equivalent load and low sliding speed. The water content, swelling property, and creep behavior of this hydrogel are also within a cartilage‐mimetic range. The properties of PVA‐based hydrogels before PDMDAAC addition are likewise studied as a cross‐reference. Besides, PDMDAAC‐modified PVA hydrogel realizes ideal mechanical and lubrication properties with a relatively low PVA concentration (10 wt.%) and facile fabrication process, which lays a foundation for mass production and marketization in the future.
Predictive Tools to Assist the Development of Flame Retarded Phosphorus‐Free Polypropylene and Identify Synergy between Flame Retardants
Authors: Ulisse Federico , Boaretti Carlo , Rossignolo Gabriele , Roso Martina , Modesti Michele , Lorenzetti Alessandra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe development of flame‐retarded polypropylene is carried out with the ultimate goal of obtaining a UL94‐V0 not only halogen‐ but also phosphorus‐free formulation because phosphate rocks, precursors of phosphorus‐based flame retardants, are recognized as critical raw materials within Europe. Different flame retardants (FRs) (melamine, phosphate ester, and radical generator) are used. A statistical approach is applied to predict UL94 behavior and develop optimized formulations in terms of cost, filler or phosphorus content. Models for most common “nondripping” as well as “nonflaming dripping” UL94‐V0 behavior are proposed. The experimental validation has shown the reliability of the models proposed and their usefulness to assist and speed up the development of optimized formulations. The use of the models also gives insight into the interactions between flame retardants, thus suggesting if potential synergies take place, before studying the FRs system in details. Indeed, synergies between melamine and phosphate ester as well as melamine and radical generator are discovered. Thanks to these synergies that V0 rating can be achieved. A UL94‐V0 formulation, comprising melamine and radical generator, is identified as the optimal halogen‐ and phosphorus‐free formulation with a reduced filler content.
Switchable RAFT Polymerization Employing Photoresponsive HABI as a Mediator
Authors: Sun Yue , Weng Yuyan , Chen Gaojian , Zhang Weidong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecently, considerable interest has been devoted to developing switchable reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerizations via photoactivation methods. Herein, a photo‐deactivation strategy is introduced to regulate RAFT polymerization using photoresponsive hexaarylbiimidozole (HABI) as a mediator, which leads to switchable RAFT polymerization by repeated ON/OFF experiments. In comparison with well‐known PET‐RAFT polymerization, photo‐deactivation RAFT (PD‐RAFT) polymerization can be temporally stopped with UV light ON, where photoresponsive HABI can reversibly quench propagating radicals, resulting in switchable RAFT polymerization. The proposed mechanism of PD‐RAFT polymerization in the presence of HABI involving radical quenching is based on ESR, NMR, GPC, MALDI‐TOF‐MS, and kinetics studies.
(Dis‐)Connected Dots in Dementia with Lewy Bodies—A Systematic Review of Connectivity Studies
Authors: Habich Annegret , Wahlund Lars‐Olof , Westman Eric , Dierks Thomas , Ferreira Daniel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStudies on dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) have mainly focused on the degeneration of distinct cortical and subcortical regions related to the deposition of Lewy bodies. In view of the proposed trans‐synaptic spread of the α‐synuclein pathology, investigating the disease only in this segregated fashion would be detrimental to our understanding of its progression. In this systematic review, we summarize findings on structural and functional brain connectivity in DLB, as connectivity measures may offer better insights on how the brain is affected by the spread of the pathology. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched Web of Science, PubMed, and SCOPUS for relevant articles published up to November 1, 2021. Of 1215 identified records, we selected and systematically reviewed 53 articles that compared connectivity features between patients with DLB and healthy controls. Structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, single‐positron emission computer tomography, and electroencephalography assessments of patients revealed widespread abnormalities within and across brain networks in DLB. Frontoparietal, default mode, and visual networks and their connections to other brain regions featured the most consistent disruptions, which were also associated with core clinical features and cognitive impairments. Furthermore, graph theoretical measures revealed disease‐related decreases in local and global network efficiency. This systematic review shows that structural and functional connectivity characteristics in DLB may be particularly valuable at early stages, before overt brain atrophy can be observed. This knowledge may help improve the diagnosis and prognosis in DLB as well as pinpoint targets for future disease‐modifying treatments. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Reconfigurable dual‐beam leaky‐wave antenna based on spoof surface plasmon polariton
Authors: Chen Yusong , Ni Hao , Liu Leilei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a reconfigurable leaky‐wave antenna (LWA) based on spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) transmission line (TL) is proposed. Patches placed nearby the SSPP TL effectively convey the energy from the transmission mode to the radiation mode. SSPP units are loaded with variable capacitors, which enable the antenna to achieve free switching between fixed‐beam and beam scanning. When the antenna is working on a fixed beam in broadside, operating at 7.6–8.6 GHz, and the beam deviation is within ±1° by adjusting the capacitors. When the proposed antenna operates at fixed frequencies, up to 28° scanning range can be obtained with a stable gain. The antenna is fabricated and proved effective in the experiment. The proposed SSPP LWA provides a solution to narrow‐band and point‐to‐point communication systems.