bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aortic valve imaging using 18F-sodium fluoride: impact of triple motion correction
Authors: Lassen Martin Lyngby , Tzolos Evangelos , Massera Daniele , Cadet Sebastien , Bing Rong , Kwiecinski Jacek , Dey Damini , Berman Daniel S. , Dweck Marc R. , Newby David E. , Slomka Piotr J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Current 18F-NaF assessments of aortic valve microcalcification using 18F-NaF PET/CT are based on evaluations of end-diastolic or cardiac motion-corrected (ECG-MC) images, which are affected by both patient and respiratory motion. We aimed to test the impact of employing a triple motion correction technique (3 × MC), including cardiorespiratory and gross patient motion, on quantitative and qualitative measurements.

Materials and methods
Fourteen patients with aortic stenosis underwent two repeat 30-min PET aortic valve scans within (29 ± 24) days. We considered three different image reconstruction protocols; an end-diastolic reconstruction protocol (standard) utilizing 25% of the acquired data, an ECG-gated (four ECG gates) reconstruction (ECG-MC), and a triple motion-corrected (3 × MC) dataset which corrects for both cardiorespiratory and patient motion. All datasets were compared to aortic valve calcification scores (AVCS), using the Agatston method, obtained from CT scans using correlation plots. We report SUVmax values measured in the aortic valve and maximum target-to-background ratios (TBRmax) values after correcting for blood pool activity.

Results
Compared to standard and ECG-MC reconstructions, increases in both SUVmax and TBRmax were observed following 3 × MC (SUVmax: Standard = 2.8 ± 0.7, ECG-MC = 2.6 ± 0.6, and 3 × MC = 3.3 ± 0.9; TBRmax: Standard = 2.7 ± 0.7, ECG-MC = 2.5 ± 0.6, and 3 × MC = 3.3 ± 1.2, all p values ≤ 0.05). 3 × MC had improved correlations (R2 value) to the AVCS when compared to the standard methods (SUVmax: Standard = 0.10, ECG-MC = 0.10, and 3 × MC = 0.20; TBRmax: Standard = 0.20, ECG-MC = 0.28, and 3 × MC = 0.46).

Conclusion
3 × MC improves the correlation between the AVCS and SUVmax and TBRmax and should be considered in PET studies of aortic valves using 18F-NaF.
Contemporary communication conduit among exemplar school principals in Malaysian schools
Authors: Saraih Emelia Fantoza , Wong Su Luan , Asimiran Soaib , Khambari Mas Nida Md. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDigital Leadership is relatively a new field of leadership study which focuses on leveraging the technology and Internet in support of one’s leadership practice. Currently, very little is known how Malaysian school principals practice Digital Leadership particularly in support of their communication practice. Therefore, this qualitative study was undertaken with the aim of understanding Digital Leadership among principals from four High Performing Schools (HPS) in Malaysia. Semi structured interviews were employed involving four exemplar school principals as the main respondents and 12 school staff as secondary respondents to the study. Findings of the study indicate that social media have become the contemporary communication conduit among exemplar Malaysian school principals and this medium has become more prominent than face-to-face interaction. Findings have also suggested that it may have a positive relation with job performance and productivity. The aforesaid findings have meaningful implications for all school principals to better integrate social media in their communication practice within members of the schools and those outside the school, including the stakeholders.
Identification of four novel hub genes as monitoring biomarkers for colorectal cancer
Authors: Luo Danqing , Yang Jing , Liu Junji , Yong Xia , Wang Zhimin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
It must be admitted that the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) was on the rise all over the world, but the related treatment had not caught up. Further research on the underlying pathogenesis of CRC was conducive to improving the survival status of current CRC patients.

Methods
Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) screening were conducted based on “limma” and “RobustRankAggreg” package of R software. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed in the integrated DEGs that from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and all samples of validation were from Gene Expression Omnlbus (GEO) dataset.

Results
The terms obtained in the functional annotation for primary DEGs indicated that they were associated with CRC. The MEyellow stand out whereby showed the significant correlation with clinical feature (disease), and 4 hub genes, including ABCC13, AMPD1, SCNN1B and TMIGD1, were identified in yellow module. Nine datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus database confirmed these four genes were significantly down-regulated and the survival estimates for the low-expression group of these genes were lower than for the high-expression group in Kaplan-Meier survival analysis section. MEXPRESS suggested that down-regulation of some top hub genes may be caused by hypermethylation. Receiver operating characteristic curves indicated that these genes had certain diagnostic efficacy. Moreover, tumor-infiltrating immune cells and gene set enrichment analysis for hub genes suggested that there were some associations between these genes and the pathogenesis of CRC.

Conclusion
This study identified modules that were significantly associated with CRC, four novel hub genes, and further analysis of these genes. This may provide a little new insights and directions into the potential pathogenesis of CRC.
Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of recently published literature (2016–2020)
Authors: Shams Morteza , Khazaei Sasan , Ghasemi Ezatollah , Nazari Naser , Javanmardi Erfan , Majidiani Hamidreza , Bahadory Saeed , Anvari Davood , Fatollahzadeh Mohammad , Nemati Taher , Asghari Ali 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundUrinary schistosomiasis is a serious threat in endemic territories of Africa and the Middle East. The status of female urinary schistosomiasis (FUS) in published literature between 2016 and 2020 was investigated.MethodsA systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, based on the ‘Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses’ checklist, and a meta-analysis using random-effects model to calculate the weighted estimates and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were done.ResultsTotally, 113 datasets reported data on 40,531 women from 21 African countries, showing a pooled prevalence of 17.5% (95% CI: 14.8–20.5%). Most studies (73) were performed in Nigeria, while highest prevalence was detected in Mozambique 58% (95% CI: 56.9–59.1%) (one study). By sample type and symptoms, vaginal lavage [25.0% (95% CI: 11.4–46.1%)] and hematuria 19.4% (95% CI: 12.2–29.4%) showed higher FUS frequency. Studies using direct microscopy diagnosed a 17.1% (95% CI: 14.5–20.1%) prevalence rate, higher than PCR-based studies 15.3% (95% CI: 6.1–33.2%). Except for sample type, all other variables had significant association with the overall prevalence of FUS.ConclusionsMore studies are needed to evaluate the true epidemiology of FUS throughout endemic regions.
Predictive value of P300 event-related potential component in early cognitive impairment in patients with uncomplicated newly diagnosed hepatitis C virus
Authors: Esmael Ahmed , Belal Tamer , Amer Ibrahim F. , Samra Eslam , Elmongui Azza , Shawki Saad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Cognitive impairment in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is reported in the early onset of HCV infection without hepatic cirrhosis or marked liver impairment. Methods currently available to identify the risk for early cognitive impairment in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection do not combine enough sensitivity and specificity. The present study aimed to evaluate the P 300 components of event-related potential (ERP) abnormalities as valid biomarkers for prediction and diagnosis of the cognitive impairment in newly diagnosed hepatitis C virus infection. This study is a case–control involved fifty patients newly diagnosed HCV and fifty age and sex-matched healthy controls. Assessments of cognitive functions were carried out by the Mini-mental State Examination, Wechsler Memory Scale Revised short form, and The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, in addition to estimation of the amplitude and the latency of the P300 by the event-related potentials.

Results
Neuropsychological scales suggested the early incidence of cognitive impairment among hepatitis C virus patients. The electrophysiological study showed significant prolongation of P300 latency and decreased amplitude in HCV patients group compared with the control group. A binary logistic regression detected that P 300 latency ≥ 369 ms was significantly accompanied by a threefold increased risk of impaired cognition (OR 3.09, 95% CI 1.59–5.72, P < 0.01), while P 300 amplitude ≤ 8.2 μv was significantly accompanied by a twofold increased risk of impaired cognition (OR 2.18, 95% 1.43–4.05, P < 0.01).

Conclusion
This study concluded that the P300 event-related potentials components are valid biomarker as easy, noninvasive assessment and cost-effective method of early cognitive impairment in patients with uncomplicated newly diagnosed hepatitis C virus.

Registration of Clinical Trial Research

ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04389268. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04389268
Intranasal midazolam alone versus midazolam/ketamine combination for preoperative sedation in pediatric patients undergoing ophthalmic procedures: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Osama Noha A. , Mahmoud Sara R. , Salem Abeer S. , Tawfik Dalia S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Interaction with medical providers is a stressful experience for a child. The current study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of intranasal midazolam alone versus midazolam/ketamine combination for preoperative sedation prior to ophthalmic procedures in preschool children. This randomized, controlled trial included male and female children (3 to 7 years old) who were American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II, with either disability or special needs (such as autism or Down syndrome) or were undergoing multiple operative procedures. Participants were given either intranasal midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) or a combination of intranasal midazolam (0.25 mg/kg) and ketamine (1 mg/kg). Primary outcome measures were the preoperative level of sedation, agitation, and easiness of separation. Secondary outcomes included oxygen saturation and pulse rate. Any adverse effects, such as nausea and vomiting were reported.

Results
The mean rank of the Six-point Pediatric Sedation Scale was significantly (p = 0.001) higher in the midazolam/ketamine group compared to the midazolam group (28.15 vs 18.85, respectively). The median pulse rate was significantly (p < 0.001) lower in the midazolam group than the combination group at 5, 10, 15, and 20 min after induction of anesthesia.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that intranasal ketamine and midazolam combination produced better sedation than intranasal midazolam alone in preschool children prior to ophthalmic procedures. Moreover, ketamine and midazolam combination was safer with less incidence of bradycardia.
Dissection of genotype-by-environment interaction and yield stability analysis in barley using AMMI model and stability statistics
Authors: Pour-Aboughadareh Alireza , Barati Ali , Koohkan Shir Ali , Jabari Mehdi , Marzoghian Akbar , Gholipoor Ahmad , Shahbazi-Homonloo Kamal , Zali Hassan , Poodineh Omid , Kheirgo Masoome 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Barley is one of the most important cereal crops with considerable tolerance to various environmental stresses, which can maintain its productivity well in marginal croplands. The selection of stable and high-yielding barley genotypes and ideal discriminative locations is an important strategy for the development of new cultivars in tropical climates. Different statistical methods have been developed to dissect the genotype-by-environment interaction effect and investigate the stability of genotypes and select discriminative environments. The main objective of the present study was to identify high-yielding and stable barley genotypes and testing environments located in the tropical regions of Iran using 23 parametric and nonparametric stability statistics. In the present study, the grain yield stability in nineteen barley genotypes was investigated across five different locations over two consecutive years (2018–2020).

Results
The additive main effects multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis showed that environments (E), genotypes (G) and GE interaction effects were significant for grain yield. Using Spearman’s rank correlation analysis, a pattern map developed simultaneously for assessing relationships between grain yield and stability statistics and clustering of them, which allowed identifying two main groups based on their stability concepts. The biplot rendered using the weighted average of absolute scores (WAASB) and mean grain yield identified superior genotypes in terms of performance and stability. Among test environments, Darab, Gonbad and Zabol showed a high discriminating ability and played the highest contribution in creating GEI. Hence, these regions are suggested as discriminative sites in Iran for the selection of high-yielding and stable barley genotypes.

Conclusion
As a conclusion from this research, all stability statistics together identify G10 and G12 as the superior barley genotypes; these genotypes could be released as commercial cultivars in tropical regions of Iran.
Isotopic signatures and hydrochemistry in assessing groundwater occurrence in the desert environs west Qena, Egypt
Authors: El Sabri Mohamed Abdel Hadi Shedid , Rashed Mohamed Ahmed , Sediek Kadry Nasser , Rofaayl Nabil Hosny , Eltabakh Osama Hazem 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Developing the desert zone outside the flood plain of the Nile River and targeting the reclamation of about 12,500 feddan in the desert environs of Qena governorate are considered one of the top priorities of both government and the private sectors. The present study is based on qualitative analyses of the groundwater of the Quaternary aquifer in the desert environs west Qena. Groundwater was chemically and isotopically analyzed to determine the origin of groundwater and assess its occurrence.

Results
The obtained results indicate that the Quaternary aquifer represents the most important groundwater aquifer in the area. The water level ranges from + 40 to + 67 m above sea level. The groundwater movement direction in the study area is mainly from southeast to northwest direction, with some local flow groundwater directions from Nile River at the north to old alluvial plain and desert environs at the south. The hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer is determined from the pumping test range from 17.63 to 42.86 m/day, with an average value of 27.04 m/day, while the transmissivity ranges between 2142.8 and 1128.3 m2/day, with an average value of 1456.74 m2/day. The total dissolved solids range from 589 to 3832 mg/L. Isotopic analysis (oxygen eighteen and deuterium) of fifteen groundwater samples was carried out to define the recharge source of the Quaternary aquifer. The groundwater isotopic data reflect variability in recharge conditions during different ages and different climatic regimes. According to the minor and trace elements concentration and US Salinity Laboratory Staff nomogram, most water samples are suitable for drinking purposes, domestic use and irrigation.

Conclusion
The current research concluded that from the foregoing hydrological study and the determined values of hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity, the Quaternary aquifer is classified as ranging between moderate and high potential aquifer. The high potentiality of the aquifer is detected close to the Nile River. In addition to the representative groundwater samples showing the isotope signature of the Nile River sample, this means that all these wells have the same source of recharge (meteoric water of the Nile River).
Essential oil from Cymbopogon citratus exhibits “anti-aspergillosis” potential: in-silico molecular docking and in vitro studies
Authors: Sharma Arun Dev , Kaur Inderjeet 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAspergillosis, has recently confounded some states of India. Due to major role in fungal cell wall synthesis, in the present study UDP-glycosyltransferase, Glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase and chitin synthase were chosen as an appropriate sites to design drug. The objective of present study was molecular docking of lemon grass essential oil component citral and in vitro validation. GC-FID analysis was used to find out aromatic profile. For docking, Patch-dock analysis was used. Ligand Protein 2D and 3D Interactions were also studied. Drug likeliness, and toxicity profile were also studied. Docking analysis indicated effective binding of citral to UDP-glycosyltransferase, Glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase and chitin synthase. In vitro validation was performed by fungal strainAspergillus fumigatum.ResultsGC-FID profiling revealed the presence of citral as major bioactive compound. Interactions results indicated that, UDP-glycosyltransferase, Glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase and chitin synthase enzymes and citral complexes forms hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions. Citral also depicted drug likeliness by LIPINSKY rule, sufficient level of bioactivity, drug likeliness and toxicity.ConclusionIn vitro results revealed that lemon grass oil was able to inhibit growth of fungal strains toxicity thus signifying its role as potent anti-fungal drug.
Eco-toxic risk assessment and source distribution of trace metals in surface sediments of the coastal and in four rivers estuary of Sarawak
Authors: Asare Ebenezer Aquisman , Assim Zaini , Wahi Rafeah , Fianko Joseph Richmond 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundTrace metals pollution in the coastal and estuarine sediment could harm water quality and aquatic organisms, leading to potential long-term health risks on the environment and humans. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct an assessment of selected trace metals in surface sediments of the coastal and in four rivers estuary in the Sarawak State of Malaysia to investigate their distribution, environmental risk, and potential source distribution.ResultsAverage concentrations of trace metals in sediment increased in the following order: Cd ˂ As ˂ Co ˂ Cu ˂ Ni ˂ Cr ˂ Zn ˂ Mn ˂ Mg ˂ Fe. The enrichment, contamination, and geo-accumulation index results showed that surface sediments were polluted with Zn and Mg. In contrast, the other metals (i.e., As, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr, Cu, Co, and Cd) indicated background concentration to minor contamination. Generally, the pollution load index values showed that almost all the sampling sites were unpolluted with the selected trace metals. Sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) and risk indexes were employed to assess the ecotoxicological risk of trace metal contamination in the sediments. The results proved that studied trace metals are not likely to have a deleterious impact on bottom-dwelling organisms. Still, a further accumulation of trace metals such as Zn, Ni, and Cr with time may adversely affect bottom-dwelling organisms. The risk index results showed a low ecological risk to the study sites. The correlation analysis and principal component analysis indicated that nine studied trace metals have strong interrelationships, suggesting common pollution sources or similar geochemical characteristics.ConclusionsThe study highlights the need to make tremendous efforts to monitor and control trace metal pollution in the coastal and estuarine areas.
Approach to the Patient: Differential Diagnosis of Cystic Sellar Lesions
Authors: Gadelha Mônica R , Wildemberg Luiz Eduardo , Lamback Elisa Baranski , Barbosa Monique Alvares , Kasuki Leandro , Ventura Nina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cystic lesions arising in the sellar region are not uncommon and encompass cystic pituitary adenomas, Rathke cleft cysts, craniopharyngiomas, and arachnoid cysts. Their clinical presentation may be similar, including headache, visual field defects, and anterior pituitary hormone deficits, which makes differential diagnosis challenging. On the other hand, imaging features may indicate certain pathologies. In this approach to the patient, we describe the case of a patient who presented with right temporal hemianopsia and a sellar/suprasellar cystic lesion, which was determined to be Rathke cleft cyst. We discuss the imaging characteristics that may suggest a particular diagnosis between Rathke cleft cyst, cystic pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma, and arachnoid cyst and propose a flowchart for aiding in the imaging differential diagnosis.
Whole-exome Sequencing Analysis of a Japanese Patient With Hyperinsulinemia and Liver Dysfunction
Authors: Fujita Shingo , Horitani Emi , Miyashita Yohei , Fujita Yukari , Fukui Kenji , Kamada Yoshihiro , Mineo Ikuo , Asano Yoshihiro , Iwahashi Hiromi , Kozawa Junji , Shimomura Iichiro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Hyperinsulinemia is often observed in obese subjects because of insulin resistance, but it may occur in nonobese subjects with unknown etiology. A 72-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for the examination of hyperinsulinemia, reactive hypoglycemia, and liver dysfunction. The patient’s body mass index was 23.7 kg/m2, but he had an elevated visceral fat area (125 cm2). His laboratory data showed mildly elevated liver enzymes, whereas plasma fasting glucose and serum insulin levels were 91 mg/dL and 52.3 μU/mL, respectively. In a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, the serum insulin level reached the highest value of 1124 μU/mL at 180 minutes. There was no obvious etiology except for mild liver steatosis shown by liver biopsy. We suspected genetic abnormalities related to hyperinsulinemia. We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) analyses and identified a heterozygous nonsense variant p.R924X in the insulin receptor (INSR) gene, a novel heterozygous missense variant p.V416M in the AKT1 gene, and a novel hemizygous missense variant p.R310Q in the PHKA2 gene, which is the causative gene of hepatic injury as glycogen storage disease type IX. It was speculated that the INSR gene variant, in addition to visceral fat accumulation, was the main cause of hyperinsulinemia and reactive hypoglycemia, and the remaining 2 variants were also partly responsible for hyperinsulinemia. WES analysis revealed candidate gene variants of hyperinsulinemia and hepatic-type glycogenosis. Thus, WES analysis may be a useful tool for clarifying the etiology when unexplained genetic pathophysiological conditions are suspected.