bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tidy Fields and Clean Shirts: A Comparative Ethnography of Good Farming in South Dakota and Luis Eduardo Magalhães
Authors: Ofstehage Andrew 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNorth American farmers manage massive soy farms in the Brazilian Cerrado from the clean offices off the dusty streets of Luis Eduardo Magalhães, Brazil. As they delegate field work to farmworkers, they focus on paperwork, managing investment capital, and satisfying the investors that control that capital. This comparative ethnographic article considers the agrarian values and farm life of the author's childhood on a small South Dakota farm alongside the experience of transnational soybean farmers in Brazil to understand the perception of good farming in two different contexts. This imaginary of the good farmer tells us about what behaviors are rewarded within farming communities and how farming behaviors become idealized. While “good farming” in 1980s South Dakota was measured by straight rows, high crop yields, and weed‐free fields, good farming for transnational farmers is measured by efficiency, profit, and clean shirts. Transnational farmers center the farmer, not the field, as the site of aestheticizing as they disassociate from crops, work, and even land.
Liraglutide increases islet Ca2+ oscillation frequency and insulin secretion by activating hyperpolarization‐activated cyclic nucleotide‐gated channels
Authors: Zaborska Karolina E. , Jordan Kelli L. , Thorson Ariel S. , Dadi Prasanna K. , Schaub Charles M. , Nakhe Arya Y. , Dickerson Matthew T. , Lynch Joshua C. , Weiss Adam J. , Dobson Jordyn R. , Jacobson David A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimTo determine whether hyperpolarization‐activated cyclic nucleotide‐gated (HCN) channels impact glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor (GLP‐1R) modulation of islet Ca2+ handling and insulin secretion.MethodsThe impact of liraglutide (GLP‐1 analogue) on islet Ca2+ handling, HCN currents and insulin secretion was monitored with fluorescence microscopy, electrophysiology and enzyme immunoassays, respectively. Furthermore, liraglutide‐mediated β‐to‐δ‐cell cross‐communication was assessed following selective ablation of either mouse islet δ or β cells.ResultsLiraglutide increased β‐cell Ca2+ oscillation frequency in mouse and human islets under stimulatory glucose conditions. This was dependent in part on liraglutide activation of HCN channels, which also enhanced insulin secretion. Similarly, liraglutide activation of HCN channels also increased β‐cell Ca2+ oscillation frequency in islets from rodents exposed to a diabetogenic diet. Interestingly, liraglutide accelerated Ca2+ oscillations in a majority of islet δ cells, which showed synchronized Ca2+ oscillations equivalent to β cells; therefore, we assessed if either cell type was driving this liraglutide‐mediated islet Ca2+ response. Although δ‐cell loss did not impact liraglutide‐mediated increase in β‐cell Ca2+ oscillation frequency, β‐cell ablation attenuated liraglutide‐facilitated acceleration of δ‐cell Ca2+ oscillations.ConclusionThe data presented here show that liraglutide‐induced stimulation of islet HCN channels augments Ca2+ oscillation frequency. As insulin secretion oscillates with β‐cell Ca2+, these findings have important implications for pulsatile insulin secretion that is probably enhanced by liraglutide activation of HCN channels and therapeutics that target GLP‐1Rs for treating diabetes. Furthermore, these studies suggest that liraglutide as well as GLP‐1‐based therapies enhance δ‐cell Ca2+ oscillation frequency and somatostatin secretion kinetics in a β‐cell‐dependent manner.
Interindividual variability in average glucose‐glycated haemoglobin relationship in type 1 diabetes and implications for clinical practice
Authors: Xu Yongjin , Bergenstal Richard M. , Dunn Timothy C. , Ram Yashesvini , Ajjan Ramzi A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimGlycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) can fail to reflect average glucose levels, potentially compromising management decisions. We analysed variability in the relationship between mean glucose and HbA1c in individuals with diabetes.Materials and MethodsThree months of continuous glucose monitoring and HbA1c data were obtained from 216 individuals with type 1 diabetes. Universal red blood cell glucose transporter‐1 Michaelis constant KM and individualized apparent glycation ratio (AGR) were calculated and compared across age, racial and gender groups.ResultsThe mean age (range) was 30 years (8‐72) with 94 younger than 19 years, 78 between 19 and 50 years, and 44 were >50 years. The group contained 120 women and 96 men with 106 white and 110 black individuals. The determined KM value was 464 mg/dl and AGR was (mean ± SD) 72.1 ± 7 ml/g. AGR, which correlated with red blood cell lifespan marker, was highest in those aged >50 years at 75.4 ± 6.9 ml/g, decreasing to 73.2 ± 7.8 ml/g in 19‐50 years, with a further drop to 71.0 ± 5.8 ml/g in the youngest group (p <0 .05). AGR differed between white and black groups (69.9 ± 5.8 and 74.2 ± 7.1 ml/g, respectively; p < .001). In contrast, AGR values were similar in men and women (71.5 ± 7.5 and 72.5 ± 6.6 ml/g, respectively; p = .27). Interestingly, interindividual AGR variation within each group was at least four‐fold higher than average for between‐group variation.ConclusionsIn this type 1 diabetes cohort, ethnicity and age, but not gender, alter the HbA1c‐glucose relationship with even larger interindividual variations found within each group than between groups. Clinical application of personalized HbA1c‐glucose relationships has the potential to optimize glycaemic care in the population with diabetes.
Noninvasive diode laser–an effective and safe treatment of iris cysts in 46 eyes of 35 horses
Authors: Stas Emanuël K. L. , Hermans Hanneke , Slenter Inge J. M. , Veraa Stefanie , Ensink Jos M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundIris cysts in horses are often asymptomatic and noticed incidentally. However, cysts can cause local corneal oedema and erratic behaviour like shying, decreased performance and head‐shaking.ObjectivesTo describe the use of diode laser as a noninvasive treatment option for iris cysts in the horse and to document factors influencing its efficacy, associated complications, long‐term outcome and rate of recurrence.Study designRetrospective case series.MethodsCase records of horses treated for iris cysts by diode laser at the Utrecht University Equine Clinic were reviewed between 2008 and 2020. Diagnosis was based on ophthalmic and ultrasonographic evaluation. Long‐term follow‐up was obtained in two phases, a telephone survey with the owner and a photographic re‐evaluation of the treated eyes.ResultsThirty‐five horses were included, with a total of 46 eyes treated. One day after diode laser treatment (short‐term), 35/46 treated eyes had a good decrease in cyst size, 7/46 had a moderate effect, 1/46 had a minimal effect, 1/46 had no effect, and in two cases the effect was unspecified. The decrease in size after diode laser treatment in polycystic eyes (odds ratio [OR] 0.381, 95% CI 0.1530–0.724),p = 0.001), thick‐walled cysts (OR = 0.139; CI = 0.023–0.726,p = 0.02) and hyperplastic corpora nigra (OR = 0.081; CI = 0.004–0.528,p = 0.03) was significantly less satisfactory, with ORs of 0.381, 0.139 and 0.081, respectively. Minor complications, such as mild reactive uveitis, were reported in 8/46 (17%) eyes. On long‐term follow‐up (median 19 months; IQR 25.5), clinical signs had diminished or disappeared in most cases (93%) and 83% of the owners would recommend the treatment. Based on long‐term photographic re‐evaluation (median 32.5 months; IQR 49.75), 2/16 cases of recurrence were seen.Main limitationsRetrospective design, follow‐up by telephone questionnaire and photographic re‐evaluation. Loss to follow‐up in the photographic re‐evaluation.ConclusionsBoth short‐ and long‐term results indicate diode laser treatment is a useful and safe option for iris cyst size reduction, with a low risk of recurrence. Presurgical ultrasonography is recommended to assess the feasibility of treatment and to allow for better surgical planning.
Handling uncertainty using optimal clustering with rough sets‐based rule generation model for data classification
Authors: Bhukya Hanumanthu , Sadanandam Manchala 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn recent times, MapReduce has become a popular tool for handling big data. At the same time, uncertainty is related to arbitrariness, fuzziness, ambiguity, irregularity and incomplete knowledge. In RS theory, the uncertainty behaviour of the data in the dataset of interest is managed by using upper and lower approximate sets and classification accuracy. The RS model is integrated with data clustering technique for optimal outcomes. With this motivation, this study designs an Optimal Clustering with RS‐Based Rule Generation Model (OC‐RSRGM) for data classification on MapReduce environment. The OC‐RSRGM technique aims to generate an optimal set of rules using RST for the data classification process and it involves a two‐stage process namely Optimal Fuzzy c‐Means Clustering (OFCM) and RSRGM‐based rule generation with classification. The OFCM technique is derived to eradicate the local optimal problem of the FCM (Fuzzy c‐Means) model using Barnacles Mating Optimizer (BMO). It provides the decision‐makers with all the information needed to design appropriate mechanisms to support their decision‐making activities. The Hadoop MapReduce tool is used to handle big data. The proposed method combines an FCM, BMO, RS theory to accomplish effective decision‐making. The OC‐RSRGM technique can be employed to continuous value dataset where data point does not offer any class details and it might be uncertain. To validate the performance of OC‐RSRGM technique, a detailed experimental analysis is carried out to highlights the betterment of OC‐RSRGM technique. The proposed OC‐RSRGM technique has obtained an effective outcome with the CT of 5.43 s.
Becoming nose‐blind—Climate change impacts on chemical communication
Authors: Roggatz Christina C. , Saha Mahasweta , Blanchard Solène , Schirrmacher Paula , Fink Patrick , Verheggen François , Hardege Jörg D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChemical communication via infochemicals plays a pivotal role in ecological interactions, allowing organisms to sense their environment, locate predators, food, habitats, or mates. A growing number of studies suggest that climate change‐associated stressors can modify these chemically mediated interactions, causing info‐disruption that scales up to the ecosystem level. However, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms is scarce. Evidenced by a range of examples, we illustrate in this opinion piece that climate change affects different realms in similar patterns, from molecular to ecosystem‐wide levels. We assess the importance of different stressors for terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems and propose a systematic approach to address highlighted knowledge gaps and cross‐disciplinary research avenues.
High fatty liver index is an independent predictor of ischemic heart disease during a 10‐year period in a Japanese population
Authors: Mori Kazuma , Tanaka Marenao , Higashiura Yukimura , Hanawa Nagisa , Ohnishi Hirofumi , Furuhashi Masato 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimFatty liver index (FLI), which is calculated by using body mass index, waist circumference and levels of γ‐glutamyl transferase and triglycerides, is a validated surrogate marker of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. We retrospectively investigated the relationship between FLI and the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD) during a 10‐year period.MethodsAmong subjects who received annual health checkups (n = 28 990), a total of 18 851 subjects (men/women: 11 659/7192) were enrolled after exclusion of subjects with missing data and those with IHD at baseline.ResultsFLI at baseline was significantly higher in men than in women. During the 10‐year period, 450 men (3.9%) and 123 women (1.7%) had new onset of IHD determined by a self‐reported questionnaire survey. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with a restricted cubic spline showed that hazard risk (HR) for the development of IHD increased with a higher FLI at baseline after adjustment of age, sex, current smoking habit, family history of IHD and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia and chronic kidney disease at baseline. There was no significant interaction between FLI and sex for the adjusted HR. When divided by tertiles of FLI at baseline (T1∼T3), the adjusted risk for development of IHD in the T3 group (HR [95% confidence interval]: 1.34 [1.05–1.71]) was significantly higher than that in the T1 group as the reference. The addition of FLI into traditional risk factors for IHD significantly improved the discriminatory capability.ConclusionsA high level of FLI is an independent predictor of new onset of IHD during a 10‐year period.
High‐intensity ultrasound processed acerola juice containing oligosaccharides and dextran promotes Lacticaseibacillus casei NRRL B‐442 growth
Authors: Silva do Nascimento Cristiano , Santos Brenda N. , Rodrigues Sueli 
Published: May 2022

SummaryIn the present study, a prebiotic acerola juice containing gluco‐oligosaccharides and dextran was produced and processed by high‐intensity ultrasound (HIUS). After a simulated in vitro digestion, the gluco‐oligosaccharides and dextran maintained 90% and 80% of their initial concentration in all prebiotic’s juices. At the same time, Vitamin C and phenolic compounds concentration increased significantly by 19% and 7% (P < 0.05). After the in vitro digestion, the prebiotic juice HIUS processed by 10 min showed the highest increase in gluco‐oligosaccharides and bioactive compound concentrations. The HIUS processing imparted some dextran hydrolysis and improved its fermentability by Lacticaseibacillus casei. Gluco‐oligosaccharides were extensively consumed as substrate in simulated intestinal conditions, promoting the L. casei NRRL B‐442 growth and production of organic acids and short‐chain organic acids. The prebiotic juice HIUS processed for 6 min showed the best responses regarding the metabolism of L. casei NRRL B‐442. The results showed high‐intensity ultrasound processed acerola juices containing gluco‐oligosaccharides and dextran as a prebiotic food.
Conceptualising service integration for inclusive activation: Exploring transferal and translation of models from health care
Authors: Saltkjel Therese , Andreassen Tone Alm , Minkman Mirella 
Published: May 2022

AbstractConceptual frameworks are important for advancing systematic understanding in a field of research. Many conceptual models have been developed to study service integration, but few have addressed activation. Based on an outline of the literature on the integration of labour market services, we explored two complementary conceptual models from integrated care and assessed whether the models could be transferred to the context of inclusive activation. The transferral of conceptual models is contingent upon whether the significant features of inclusive activation are like those of health care, and whether barriers to integrated labour market services are considered. We argue that the models facilitate a more analytical focus on service integration. Nevertheless, the models must be adjusted to account for the significant position of workplaces and employers, the importance of frontline professionals' knowledge base, the co‐production of service provision and the values characterising the service encounters.
Application of a three‐dimensional visualization model in intraoperative guidance of percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhao Zichen , Wang Gang , Zhou Jianfang , Zhu He , Guo Hongfeng , Huang Huagang , Yu Mingchuan , Zhu Gang , Li Ningchen , Na Yanqun 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesTo establish a three‐dimensional visualization model of percutaneous nephrolithotomy, apply it to guiding intraoperative puncture in a mixed reality environment, and evaluate its accuracy and clinical value.MethodsPatients with percutaneous nephrolithotomy indications were prospectively divided into three‐dimensional group and control group with a ratio of 1:2. For patients in three‐dimensional group, positioning markers were pasted on the skin and enhanced computed tomography scanning was performed in the prone position. Holographic three‐dimensional models were made and puncture routes were planned before operation. During the operation, the three‐dimensional model was displayed through HoloLens glass and visually registered with the patient's body. Puncture of the target renal calyx was performed under three‐dimensional‐image guiding and ultrasonic monitoring. Patients in the control group underwent routine percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the prone position under the monitoring of B‐ultrasound. Deviation distance of the kidney, puncture time, puncture attempts, channel coincidence rate, stone clearance rate, and postoperative complications were assessed.ResultsTwenty‐one and 40 patients were enrolled in three‐dimensional and control group, respectively. For three‐dimensional group, the average deviation between virtual and real kidney was 3.1 ± 2.9 mm. All punctures were performed according to preoperative planning. Compared with the control group, the three‐dimensional group had shorter puncture time (8.9 ± 3.3 vs 14.5 ± 6.1 min, P < 0.001), fewer puncture attempts (1.4 ± 0.6 vs 2.2 ± 1.5, P = 0.009), and might also have a better performance in stone clearance rate (90.5% vs 72.5%, P = 0.19) and postoperative complications (P = 0.074).ConclusionsThe percutaneous nephrolithotomy three‐dimensional model manifested acceptable accuracy and good value for guiding puncture in a mixed reality environment.
Trauma‐informed mental health practice during COVID‐19: Reflections from a Community of Practice initiative
Authors: Macedo Davi Manzini , Reilly Julie‐Anne , Pettit Sophie , Negoita Carmen , Ruth Laura , Cox Elizabeth , Staugas Rima , Procter Nicholas 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThis article discusses insights arising from a Community of Practice (CoP) initiative within a mental health short stay inpatient unit adjacent to a major Emergency Department to explore how COVID‐19 has influenced engagement and support of people in mental distress. The present initiative was designed as a collaboration between the University of South Australia and SA Health. Community of Practice (CoP) is combined with a narrative review of current evidence to explain specific nursing care responses within an operating environment of pandemic‐induced fear and uncertainty. Meetings discussed the challenges associated with delivering mental health care for people experiencing mental health distress in the COVID‐19 context. Applying trauma‐informed principles to mental health care delivery was identified to be of relevance in the context of an ongoing pandemic. Humanizing nursing care and increasing people's sense of predictability and safety contributed to therapeutic engagement and support during COVID‐19. Factors discussed to mitigate the effects of safety measures include, for example, nuanced verbal and non‐verbal engagement of health workers with people in mental distress when wearing personal protective equipment (PPE). We highlight the need to ‘humanise’ nursing and openly communicating that both practitioners and people in distress are navigating special circumstances. The CoP participants additionally acknowledged that the experience of moral distress among frontline health workers needs to be addressed in future policy responses to COVID‐19. Person‐centred and trauma‐informed responses at the point of care might help to mitigate the pandemic short‐ and long‐term effects for both service users and frontline health workers.
Effectiveness of moist dressings in wound healing after surgical suturing: A Bayesian network meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Sun Wenjing , Chen Maojun , Duan Dan , Liu Wenjie , Cui Wenyao , Li Li 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe moist healing theory proves that a moderately moist and airtight environment is conducive to wound healing. However, different moist dressings have different functions. We aim to evaluate the effects of moist dressings on wound healing after surgical suturing and identify superior moist dressings. Randomised controlled trials investigating the application of moist dressings were retrieved from electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Wound healing, surgical site infection (SSI), and times of dressing change were assessed. The values of the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) curve were calculated based on the Bayesian network meta‐analysis. Inconsistency tests and funnel plots were applied to analyse the consistency and publication bias. All the analysis complies with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses) 2020 Checklist and AMSTAR (Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews) Guidelines. Sixteen randomised controlled trials involving 4444 patients were pooled in the network meta‐analysis. The ionic silver dressing (SUCRA, 93%) ranked first in wound healing, the metallic silver dressing (SUCRA, 75.9%) ranked first in SSI, and the hydrocolloid dressing (SUCRA, 73.9%) ranked first in times of dressing change. Inconsistency was only observed in wound healing, and no publication bias was observed in this study. The effects of moist dressings are better than gauze dressings in the process of wound healing. The ionic silver dressing is effective in wound healing, whereas the metallic silver dressing is effective in SSI prevention. The hydrocolloid dressing requires the fewest times of dressing change. More high‐quality RCTs are required to support the network meta‐analysis.
Potential role of INTERLEUKIN‐17 in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus: a systematic review with META‐analysis
Authors: Husein‐ElAhmed H. , Steinhoff M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease of unknown aetiology, which may evolve into squamous cell carcinoma. Recent advances on OLP pathogenesis suggest the presence of Th17 cells and the up‐regulation of interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) expression are crucial events. Our aim was to test the hypothesis in the literature about an important role of IL‐17 in OLP by systematically investigating the overexpression of IL‐17 in the lesional tissue and blood from OLP patients and healthy controls. A total of 22 studies comprising 658 OLP patients and 362 control subjects fulfilled inclusion criteria were subjected to meta‐analysis. The assessment of IL‐17 in the lesional tissue by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed a significant elevation in the OLP group (RR:1.35 95%CI: 0.20–2.50, I2 = 92%). There was a statistical overexpression of IL‐17 in the serum of OLP group detected by ELISA (RR:2.47 95%CI: 1.17–3.77, I2 = 97%) and flow cytometry (RR:3.04 95%CI: 0.69–5.39, I2 = 97%). In the erosive OLP group, the tissue IL‐17 assessed by PCR was higher than in reticular OLP patients (RR:0.78 95%CI: 0.21–1.36, I2 = 0%). Peripheral assessment of IL‐17 by ELISA (RR:1.43 95%CI: 0.01–2.85, I2 = 94%) and flow cytometry (RR:1.55 95%CI: 0.29–2.81, I2 = 89%) revealed significant elevation in erosive OLP group. The dominating overexpression of IL‐17 and Th17 cells in the local inflammatory infíltrate and serum of OLP patients confirms its role, probably in the interaction between T cells and keratinocytes. Notably, the upregulation of IL‐17 is more intense in erosive than in reticular OLP suggesting a positive correlation between IL‐17 levels and disease severity. Further research is warranted to investigate the potential role of anti‐IL‐17 drugs to manage this chronic condition.