bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of H.pylori Infection on CD4+T Cell Count and Hiv Viral Load Among Art and Naïve Art Hiv Patients in Mekelle City, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Abadi Tesfay , Teklu Takele , Wondmagegn Tadelo , Alem Meseret , Desalegn Girmay , Demissie Tigistu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
A lower CD4 + T cell count and a higher viral load are associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The co-infection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in HIV-positive patients may affect immune parameters of HIV-related disease progression. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of H. pylori co-infection on CD4 + T cell counts and HIV viral loads among HIV patients who are receiving ART (antiretroviral therapy) and HIV patients without ART
Method
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 264 individuals from June to September 2020 in Mekelle city, Tigray, northern Ethiopia. A mixed sampling technique was used. H. pylori was detected using stool antigen test; CD4 + T cell count was performed by the BD FACSPrestoTM Cartridge test; and viral load was analyzed by COBAS® AmpliPrep/COBAS® TaqMan® HIV-1. The data was entered using EPi-data and analyzed using SPSS V.20 and graph pad prism software V.8. To assess the association, a one-way ANOVA, Mann Whitney test, and logistic regression were used.
Result
The study included 264 participants. A significant increase in CD4 + T cells was observed among ART-exposed participants with H pylori, compared with participants without H pylori with a mean ± SD of (487.5 ± 213.5 versus 395.9 ± 199.6, p = 0.004), and a decrease was observed among HIV negative controls (487.5 ± 213.5 versus 869.4 ± 123.9, P < 0.001). In ART-Naïve participants with H pylori, CD4 + T cell counts were significantly higher than in controls without H pylori (239.7 versus 115.1, P = 0.001) and considerably lower than in controls without H pylori (869.4 versus 123.9, P0.001). Participants with H pylori had significantly lower viral load levels compared to those without H pylori, with a median (IQR) of 5.13 (4.14–4.52), p = 0.031, respectively.
Conclusion
H. pylori/HIV co-infection resulted in increased CD4 + T cell counts and lower viral loads, but larger sample sizes and longitudinal cohort studies are needed to validate these results.
Comparison of percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy and conventional discectomy for double- segmental lumbar disc herniation: a retrospective non- randomized study
Authors: Liu Zixiang , Qin Wanjin , Tang Yingchuang , Li Hanwen , Liu Hao , Yang Huilin , Mao Haiqing , Zhang Kai , Chen Kangwu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID) with the conventional lumbar discectomy (CLD) for treatment of double-segmental lumbar disc herniation (LDH).Methods: This is a retrospective non-randomized study. Forty-six patients with double-segmental LDH were enrolled. The CLD group included 14 male and 8 female patients, with the mean age of 38.0 ± 9.2 year. All the demographic files were collected, with clinical outcomes evaluated by the visual analog scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the modified Macnab criteria. The operation time, intra-operation exposure time, postoperative bed-rest time, hospital-stay and complications were recorded at each follow-up point.Results: Data were evaluated with a minimum of 12 months follow-up period. In both groups, the VAS and ODI scores were significantly improved. The proportion of excellent or good outcome cases in each group was 91.7% and 86.4%, respectively. Two cases from PEID group and three cases from CLD group presented complications. The bed-rest time and hospital-stay period were significantly shortened (P < 0.05), while the operation time and intra-operation exposure time were longer in PEID group as compared to CLD group (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Both PEID and CLD are safe and effective approaches for treatment of double-segmental LDH and the PEID technique is less invasive, which accelerates patients’ recovery after surgery.
A GIS-based Morphometric Prioritization of Watersheds for Soil Erosion Planning: A Case Study
Authors: Wagh Santosh , Manekar Vivek 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study prioritized sub-watersheds in the Upper Bhima Basin based on their need for proper water resource planning and management. Morphometric analysis is essential for determining soil erosion-prone areas. Some uncertainty was observed with morphometric variables of watersheds in previous prioritization methods. A geographic information system (GIS) tool was used to identify critical sub-watersheds in the study area. A Weighted Sum Approach (WSA) technique was developed to rank each sub-watershed based on weightages derived from morphometric parameters. The WSA approach classified watersheds into five categories based on their Final Priority Ranking (FPR): very high, high, medium, low, and very low. According to the findings of this analysis, 30.00% of the total area is highly vulnerable with sub-watersheds (4D7H4, 4D7H5, 4D7H7, 4D7G4, 4D7G7) require immediate attention to provide soil and water conservation measures. This study proposed morphometric analysis with a GIS tool and the novel WSA technique to help decision-makers make technically and economically effective decisions.
bupivacaine , pethidine and sole pethidine on the hemodynamic status and duration of sensory and motor block: A randomized clinical trial in iran
Authors: MojaverAghili SeyedBabak , Halakou Solmaz , Talebi Fatemeh , Mehrbakhsh Zahra , shahini najmeh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundManagement of analgesia and hemodynamic status is essential for orthopedic surgery patients. This study aimed to determine the effect of intrathecal (bupivacaine + magnesium sulfate) versus (pethidine + magnesium sulfate) and sole pethidine on the hemodynamic status and onset and duration of sensory/motor block in patients with lower limb fractures.MethodsThis double-blind randomized clinical trial was done between October 2020 and August 2021 in the Gorgan 5thAzar, Hospital, northeastern Iran and included 120 patients undergoing orthopedic surgery with spinal anesthesia and divided them in four groups of A: bupivacaine (10 mg), B: (pethidine 1 mg / kg), C: (bupivacaine 10 mg + magnesium sulfate 100 mg), and D: (pethidine 1 ‌mg / kg + magnesium sulfate 100 mg). The recorded parameters were hemodynamic parameters, time of onset, and duration of sensory/motor block.ResultsThere were no clinically significant differences in hemodynamic parameters between the groups. The onset of sensory block (P = 0.235), the onset of motor block (P = 0.097), and the duration of motor block (P = 0.135) were not statistically different between the groups; however, there was a significant difference in the duration of sensory block between the groups (P = 0.035). Magnesium sulfate increased the duration of motor block in the pethidine group C (80.93 ± 30.28) and decreased it in the bupivacaine group D (75.23 ± 38.56).ConclusionsThe intrathecal drugs used in the study did not cause any specific side effects. Therefore, these drugs can be used interchangeably. Magnesium sulfate, in combination with bupivacaine reduced the duration of sensory/motor block. While in the pethidine group, it acted as suitable analgesia by increasing the duration of sensory block. Therefore, magnesium can be considered a suitable additive for intrathecal pethidine.Trial registration: Iran clinical trial register: (IRCT20170413033408N3) Registration date: 2020-06-11
Rational construction of NH2-UiO-66/Bi2MoO6 nanocomposite with accelerating charge transfer for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Hu Qingsong , Wang Zhixin , Zhou Ting , Wang Zhenxing , Dong Jintao , Zhu Xingwang , Yi Jianjian , Xu Yiqun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Developing high activity photocatalyst with rapid charge separation and transfer is still challenging. Hence, a type-II heterojunction is constructed at NH2-UiO-66/Bi2MoO6 nanocomposite employing a facile ionothermal synthesis. The interaction between NH2-UiO-66 and Bi2MoO6 will help induce the spatial isolation of photogenerated carriers. Additionally, the increasing specific surface area benefits for the enrichment of organic contaminants. Consequently, the nanocomposite display preferable catalytic performance towards the removal of rhodamine B and tetracycline under visible light irradiation. And the optimal loading capacity of NH2-UiO-66 is about 5 wt%. Superoxide free radical and holes are involved into the degradation of contaminants on account of free radical trapping test and electron spin resonance analysis. Besides, a feasible photocatalytic mechanism is presented. The research may shed light on the development of MOFs/bismuth catalyst with obvious enhancement of photocatalytic activity in the field of environmental remediation.
In locally advanced low rectal cancer with anal canal invasion, should elective inguinal irradiation be performed?
Authors: Wong Hiu Sang , Choi Wesley Yuen Lum , Yuen Kam Tong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether omitting elective inguinal irradiation during neoadjuvant or adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy is feasible for patients with locally advanced low rectal cancer (LALRC) with anal canal invasion (ACI).
Study design: A total of 90 LALRC patients with ACI who underwent neoadjuvant or adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy between 2011 and 2021 were recruited. Inguinal lymph node (ILN) was clinically negative on presentation. Failure pattern, ILN recurrence rate, survival data and prognostic factors were analysed.
Results: The 3-year ILN failure rate was 4.94%. 1 patient developed isolated ILN failure, which was successfully salvaged by surgery. The 3-year locoregional disease free survival (LRFS), distant metastatic recurrence free survival (DMRFS), and overall survival (OS) were 81.1%, 77.0%, and 86.8% respectively. In multivariate cox regression analysis, positive pathological lymph node after neoadjuvant treatment predicted worse LRFS (odd ratio [OR] 10.57, P= 0.00001), DMRFS (OR 9.17, P= 0.0002), and OS (OR 12.92, P= 0.0005). Positive tumour resection margin correlated with worse LRFS (OR 23.53, P= 0.001), DMRFS (OR 12.62, P= 0.002) and OS (OR 47.24, P= 0.002). Concurrent chemotherapy to RT was associated with better LRFS (OR 28.32, P= 0.002). ≥ Grade 3 acute and chronic toxicities occurred in 44.4% and 11.1% respectively in patients with elective inguinal radiation compared with 19.8% and 11.1% respectively in patients who did not receive it.
Conclusion: Omission of elective inguinal irradiation was associated with a low inguinal failure rate for LALRC with ACI. It can spare patients from unnecessary acute radiotherapy toxicities.
Study of Thermodynamic Properties of L-serine and L-threonine in Aqueous Solutions of 1- (2-carboxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride [HOOCEMIM][Cl]
Authors: Asadzadeh Behnaz , Majdan-Cegincara Roghayeh , Zafarani-Moattar Mohammed Taghi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The stability of amino acids in solutions containing electrolytes and the effect of ambient pH on their biological activity is one of the new research areas. In this research work, the volumetric and transport properties of ionic liquid (IL) aqueous solution with special performance of 1- (2-carboxyethyl) -3-methylimidazolium chloride ([HOOCEMIM][Cl]) were studied. The selected IL acts as an electrolyte with minimal toxicity and also allows the study of systems containing amino acids at acidic pH. In this work, the density, speed of sound and viscosity of binary and ternary solutions of IL in aqueous solution of amino acids in the structure of proteins, namely L-serine and L-threonine within IL molality range of (0.05, 0.07 and 0.09 mol kg-1) were measured at 298.15 K. From these quantities, apparent molar volume, limiting apparent molar volume, apparent molar isentropic compression, limiting apparent molar isentropic compression, transfer standard volumes for amino acids from water to the aqueous IL solutions and viscosity B-coefficients were calculated using the equations of Redlich–Meyer and Jones–Dole. Close examination of literature indicates that there is no data for water activity for solution of L-serine + H2O at 308.15 and 318.15 K. In this way water activity, osmotic coefficient and vapor pressure were measured and using the interaction parameters of Wilson, NRTL, NRF-NRTL and UNIQUAC models, activity coefficient values of L-serine calculated.
Coastline change rate estimation on the southern coastal districts of Tamil Nadu, India using the multi temporal Google Earth images and GIS based statistical approach
Authors: Morris Daswin Ebenezer , Madhu Kumar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Coastal erosion is the process of wearing away material from the coastal profile due to an imbalance in the supply and export of material from a particular section of the coast which cause property damage, and the loss of land. This study investigates the rate of erosion and accretion along the southern coast of Tamil Nadu which was exposed to a lot of tourism and development activities. The shorelines were delineated for the years 2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2020 on the high-resolution multi-temporal satellite images in the Google Earth Pro software by visual interpretation. The long-term and short-term changes were studied by three statistical parameters functionalized in DSAS v 5.0 tool in ArcGIS 10.6 software such as endpoint rate, net shoreline movement and linear regression rate (Cenci, Luca et al., 2018). The positions of the shoreline in 2030 and 2040 are forecasted using the Kalman filter-based forecast tool in DSAS and the changes were analysed. During the study period, the average rate of changes in Kanyakumari is -1.26 m/year, Tirunelveli is -1.01 m/year and Tuticorin is -1.09 m/year. the transects showed significant erosion along 19.54% of Kanyakumari, 3.79% of Tirunelveli, and 17.81% of Tuticorin coasts, and significant accretion is observed in 1.31% of Kanyakumari, 1.07% of Tirunelveli and 3.02% of Tuticorin coasts. The outcome of shows that erosion is prevailing on the Kanyakumari coast and erosion is prevailing in Tuticorin.
Prescription days offered for childhood infections by residents and pediatricians in Ethiopia vary from internationally recognized guidelines: Indifference to duration recommendations promotes sub-optimal patient outcomes and antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Alemayehu Tinsae , Getinet Tewodros , Weldetsadik Abate Yeshidinber , Alghounaim Mohammad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is leading health care in developing countries into a down-ward spiral. Scarcities in clinical microbiology laboratories compounded by lack of awareness on antimicrobial stewardship and unregulated durations of antimicrobial use are leading to sub-optimal clinical outcomes. The objective of the study was to assess recommendations for duration of antimicrobial treatment suggested by pediatric residents and pediatricians in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in comparison with guidelines published by internationally recognized bodies.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from 1st February and 31st July, 2020. Data on durations of antimicrobial prescriptions suggested for infectious syndromes were collected from pediatricians and pediatric residents working and training in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Responses on deficiencies and excesses in recommendations for durations of treatment were summarized using descriptive quantitative analysis and their conformity to practice recommended by internationally recognized guidelines was evaluated. Differences between sub-groups was determined by the Mann-Whitney U test (SPSS 25.0). Analyses were done using Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 and significant differences ascertained at p-value < 0.05. Results: A total of 88 respondents participated in the study: 48 residents and 40 pediatricians. Many respondents suggested prescription days exceeding guideline recommendations for common pediatric infections; notably for bacterial conjunctivitis, cystitis, cellulitis and lower respiratory infections. Antimicrobial therapy durations often came short of standard recommendations for tonsillopharyngitis, amebiasis and pyomyositis. Pediatricians favored less prescription days for bacterial endocarditis, hospital acquired pneumonia, cystitis and bacterial conjunctivitis. Inter-group differences were significant in prescribing for meningococcal meningitis, otitis media, Candida central line blood stream infections and non-gonococcal septic arthritis. Overall, respondents suggested 11,828.6 prescription days in excess of guideline recommendations.Conclusions: We found prescription days offered by pediatric residents and pediatricians practicing in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to be beyond or less than durations of therapy recommended by guidelines for most childhood infections. Observance of evidence-based antimicrobial guidelines leads to favorable patient outcomes, fewer drug-related toxicities and prevention of antimicrobial resistance.
Raptor conservation experts’ viewpoints about raptors’ contribution to people: a “broken phone game”?
Authors: Zuluaga Santiago , Vargas F. Hernán , Grande Juan M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractConservation of predators and scavengers should take advantage of the application of interdisciplinary approaches that connect both ecosystem processes/services and conflicts/disservices. Despite this, there is an overall lack of interdisciplinary research on ecosystem processes/services and conflicts/disservices provided by aerial predators and scavengers like raptors. Our specific goals here are:i) to assess the experts’ viewpoints on ecosystem processes/services and conflicts/disservices provided by raptors to people andii) to know the main intervention strategies that experts consider effective for managing raptor populations. Through an online survey we obtained 87 surveys for four raptor groups:hawks and eagles(40%),vultures(29%),owls(16%), andfalcons(15%). Experts agreed that many ecosystem processes/services and only a few conflicts/disservices are provided by raptors to society. Experts indicated that four ecosystem processes/services were provided by all raptor groups (i.e.,vultures,falcons,hawks and eagles, andowls), and another one was provided by all the predator groups (i.e., all butvultures). In contrast, no conflict/disservice was considered to be produced by all groups of raptors. According to experts,hawks and eagleswere involved in only three conflicts/disservices,vultures andowlsin one, andfalconsin none. Experts agreed that five strategies are effective for raptor management. Raptor conservation experts’ viewpoints were mismatched with evidence from raptor literature and, as we expected, this mismatch was higher when considering conflicts/disservices produced than ecosystem processes/services provided by raptors to people. To successfully promote policies and practices for raptors conservation, experts need to base their viewpoints on raptor literature.
Screening and characterization of Lipopeptide Biosurfactant Producing Paenibacilus Dendritiformis and its applicability for enhanced oil recovery
Authors: Nayarisseri Anuraj , Khandelwal Ravina , Singh Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The biosurfactants produced by microorganisms have high demand from microbial-enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) and they have focused on a chemical surfactant for the past few decades for degrading petro-based pollutants and oil spills due to its non-toxicity and increasing bioavailability. The study aims to identify and screen potential lipopeptide biosurfactant produced by Paenibacillus species employing a design experiment based on RSM. The bacterial culture was isolated from Chilika Lake, India. The data generated from the biosurfactant stability experiments were used to fit a regression model using the parameters such as ph, temp, and salinity to predict the E24 index. R-squared value 0.91 obtained from the ANOVA model explains that the regression model was significant, and the model p-value obtained was < 0.05 and was also statistically significant. Therefore the statistical regression model obtained in the present investigation can predict the E24 index by using any combination of ph, temp, and salinity parameters. The novel isolates obtained in this research were further named Paenibacillus dendritiformis ANSKLAB02 and deposited in GenBank with accession number KU518891. The growth of this species under controlled conditions has a high potential to help in environmental clean-up and is suitable for use in MEOR applications.
Ist Suizidhilfe für Gesunde mittels Natrium-Pentobarbital strafbar?
Authors: Rütsche Bernhard , Hürlimann Daniel , Thommen Marc 
Published: August 2022

Mit Urteil 6B_646/2020 vom 9. Dezember 2021 hat das Bundesgericht entschieden, dass die Verschreibung von Natrium-Pentobarbital (NaP) für eine suizidwillige gesunde Person nicht nach Heilmittelgesetz, sondern nach den strengeren Regeln des Betäubungsmittelgesetzes zu beurteilen ist. Das nicht zur Publikation in der amtlichen Sammlung vorgesehene Urteil hat für die Frage der Zulässigkeit der Suizidhilfe wegweisenden Charakter, lässt aber die zentrale Frage offen, ob und inwieweit die Verschreibung von NaP im Rahmen der Suizidhilfe strafbar ist. Die Autoren zeigen auf, dass in diesen Fällen eine Bestrafung nach Betäubungsmittelgesetz ausgeschlossen ist. Ärztinnen und Ärzte ausgerechnet dann zu bestrafen, wenn sie das anerkanntermassen wirksamste und sicherste Suizidmittel verschreiben, wäre zudem wertungswidersprüchlich.
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Dans l'arrêt 6B_646/2020 du 9 décembre 2021, le Tribunal fédéral a décidé que la prescription de natrium pentobarbital (NAP) à une personne en bonne santé souhaitant se suicider ne devait pas être jugée selon la loi sur les produits thérapeutiques, mais selon les règles plus strictes de la loi sur les stupéfiants. Cet arrêt, qui n'est pas destiné à être publié dans le recueil officiel, a un caractère fondateur pour la question de l'admissibilité de l'assistance au suicide, mais laisse ouverte la question centrale de savoir si et dans quelle mesure la prescription de NAP dans le cadre de l'assistance au suicide est punissable. Les auteurs montrent que dans ces cas, une sanction selon la loi sur les stupéfiants est exclue. Punir les médecins précisément lorsqu'ils prescrivent le moyen de suicide le plus efficace et le plus sûr reconnu serait pour le moins contradictoire.
Colonization of Almond by Aspergillus flavus1
Authors: Phillips Douglas J. , Uota M. , Monticelli D. , Curtis C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Aspergillus flavus group was associated with both sound and insect damaged kernels of almond Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb during 1972 and 1973. About 1 of 2,000 sound kernels and 1 of 200 insect damaged kernels were colonized. Surface contamination was common on sound and damaged kernels. In orchard plots, spores inoculated on the fruit colonized hulls, shells, and kernels of maturing almonds. Aflatoxins were detected in harvested kernels and hulls. Almond fruits were susceptible to colonization from the time of hull-split, when rapid drying of the fruit began, until after harvest when moisture of the kernel dropped below about 5% based on the fresh weight of the kernel. Infestations by the navel orangeworm, Paramyelois transitella (Walker), increased colonization of the kernels by A. flavus from experimental plots.
Relationship Between Genetically Controlled Ozone Sensitivity and Gas Exchange Rate in Petunia hybrida Vilm1
Authors: Thorne Linda , Hanson George P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The relative ozone sensitivities of a 7-parent diallel set of petunia hybrids were compared with their rates of ozone absorption, rates of transpiration, ascorbic acid concentrations, and shoot and root weights. Ozone sensitivity was highly correlated with both ozone and water vapor diffusion resistance, but not with ascorbic acid concentration or shoot-root ratio.