bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does childhood trauma predict schizotypal traits? A path modelling approach in a cohort of help-seeking subjects
Authors: Dizinger Julian Max Bernhard , Doll Carolin Martha , Rosen Marlene , Gruen Michael , Daum Lukas , Schultze-Lutter Frauke , Betz Linda , Kambeitz Joseph , Vogeley Kai , Haidl Theresa Katharina 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSchizotypy constitutes a susceptibility to beneficial and deleterious schizotypal traits, ranging from coping mechanisms to schizotypal personality disorder on a psychosis continuum. Growing evidence indicates a relationship between childhood adversity and trauma and schizotypy. However, the exact influence of childhood adversity and trauma on schizotypy and its relation to sex is not sufficiently understood. Therefore, we investigated sex-adjusted connections between childhood adversity and trauma subdomains (emotional/physical/sexual abuse, emotional/physical neglect) and positive (magical ideation, perceptual aberration) as well as negative schizotypy (physical/social anhedonia). In total, 240 outpatients of the Early Detection and Intervention Centre of the University Hospital Cologne were assessed with the Trauma and Distress Scale for childhood adversity and trauma and the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales for schizotypy. Path analyses were performed to investigate sex-adjusted correlations. The well-fitting path model of the total sample linked emotional abuse to magical ideation (p = 0.03; SE = 0.20) and emotional neglect to social anhedonia (p = 0.01; SE = 0.26). In females, physical abuse predicted magical ideation (p = 0.01; SE = 0.33), while emotional neglect forecasted physical anhedonia (p = 0.03; SE = 0.34) and social anhedonia (p = 0.03; SE = 0.32). In males, sexual abuse predicted perceptive aberration (p = 0.04; SE = 0.19) and emotional abuse forecasted magical ideation (p = 0.03; SE = 0.27). Overall, the significance of sex-specific interrelations between trauma and schizotypy were highlighted. Magical ideation and perceptive aberration occurred prominently in the absence of negative and disorganized schizotypy, thus positive schizotypy could be discussed as a beneficial expression of coping with emotional, physical and sexual abuse. Furthermore, emotional neglect should be addressed particularly to prevent deleterious negative schizotypy in females.Trial registration number (20-1243), date of registration (May 19th 2020), retrospectively registered.
Long-term real-world effectiveness and safety of fingolimod over 5 years in Germany
Authors: Ziemssen Tjalf , Lang Michael , Schmidt Stephan , Albrecht Holger , Klotz Luisa , Haas Judith , Lassek Christoph , Lang Stefan , Winkelmann Veronika E. , Ettle Benjamin , Schulze-Topphoff Ulf ,   the PANGAEA study group
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the 5-year real-world benefit–risk profile of fingolimod in patients with relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) in Germany.

Methods
Post-Authorization Non-interventional German sAfety study of GilEnyA (PANGAEA) is a non-interventional real-world study to prospectively assess the effectiveness and safety of fingolimod in routine clinical practice in Germany. The follow-up period comprised 5 years. Patients were included if they had been diagnosed with RRMS and had been prescribed fingolimod as part of clinical routine. There were no exclusion criteria except the contraindications for fingolimod as defined in the European label. The effectiveness and safety analysis set comprised 4032 and 4067 RRMS patients, respectively.

Results
At the time of the 5-year follow-up of PANGAEA, 66.57% of patients still continued fingolimod therapy. Annualized relapse rates decreased from baseline 1.5 ± 1.15 to 0.42 ± 0.734 at year 1 and 0.21 ± 0.483 at year 5, and the disability status remained stable, as demonstrated by the Expanded Disability Status Scale mean change from baseline (0.1 ± 2.51), the decrease of the Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score from 5.1 ± 2.59 at baseline to 3.9 ± 2.31 at the 60-months follow-up, and the percentage of patients with ‘no change’ in the Clinical Global Impression scale at the 60-months follow-up (78.11%). Adverse events (AE) occurring in 75.04% of patients were in line with the known safety profile of fingolimod and were mostly non-serious AE (33.62%) and non-serious adverse drug reactions (50.59%; serious AE 4.98%; serious ADR 10.82%).

Conclusions
PANGAEA demonstrated the sustained beneficial effectiveness and safety of fingolimod in the long-term real-world treatment of patients with RRMS.
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) in retinitis pigmentosa and macular dystrophy patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Deutsch Sebastian , Lommatzsch Albrecht , Weinitz Silke , Farmand Ghazaleh , Kellner Ulrich 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate macular vascular abnormalities in patients with macular dystrophies (MD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) through application of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A).

Methods
In this retrospective study, patients with MD and RP were examined by OCT-A and compared to healthy individuals. OCT-A images were analyzed regarding the diameter and surface area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) as well as flow (FL) in different retinal layers (superficial vascular complex (SVC), intermediate capillary complex (ICP), deep capillary complex (DCP), choriocapillaris (CC), and choroid (CD)).

Results
Twenty-one patients with MD, 21 patients with RP without macular edema (RPnE), 8 patients with RP with edema (RPwE), and 41 healthy individuals were enrolled. The group of MD and RPnE patients showed none or only minor changes in FAZ. In RPwE patients, the FAZ was significantly smaller in vertical and horizontal measurements and surface area in SVC, whereas it was markedly enlarged in ICP. FL was significantly reduced compared to healthy individuals by an average of 13.2% in CD, 14.2% in CC, and 8.4% in DCP in all patient groups. In ICP, the reduction was 9.2% for RPnE and 12.7% for RPwE patients. The SVC showed reduced FL in the MD (8.1%) and RPnE (10.3%) group.

Conclusions
OCT-A is a valuable tool to examine retinal vascular abnormalities in patients with MD and RP. OCT-A revealed a reduced flow in various retinal layers in MD, RPnE, and RPwE. Alterations of the FAZ were less distinct in these groups which add to the variation reported previously.
Support needs of Dutch young adult childhood cancer survivors
Authors: van Erp L. M. E. , Maurice-Stam H. , Kremer L. C. M. , Tissing W. J. E. , van der Pal H. J. H. , Beek L. , de Vries A. C. H. , van den Heuvel-Eibrink M. M. , Versluys B. A. B. , van der Heiden-van der Loo M. , van Gorp M. , Huizinga G. A. , Grootenhuis M. A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Studies about support needs of young adult childhood cancer survivors (YACCS) previously focused mainly on information needs. This study assessed support needs and associated factors (sociodemographic, medical, and psychosocial functioning) in Dutch YACCS.

Methods
YACCS (aged 18–30, diagnosed ≤ 18 years, time since diagnosis ≥ 5 years) cross-sectionally filled out a questionnaire regarding their need for various types of support (concrete information, personal counseling, and peer contact) in eight domains (physical consequences of childhood cancer, social-emotional consequences, relationships and sexuality, fertility, lifestyle, school and work, future perspective, insurance and mortgage), and questionnaires assessing health-related quality of life (PedsQL-YA), anxiety and depression (HADS), and fatigue (CIS-20R). Descriptive statistics were used to describe support needs. Linear regression was used to identify characteristics associated with support needs.

Results
One hundred fifty-one YACCS participated (response = 40%). Most YACCS reported a need for support in one or more domains (88.0%, N = 133). More than half of the participants reported a need for concrete information in the domains lifestyle, fertility, and physical consequences of childhood cancer and 25–50% in the domains insurance and mortgages, future perspective, and social-emotional consequences of childhood cancer. In the domains lifestyle and physical as well as emotional consequences of childhood cancer, 25–50% reported a need for counseling. Overall need for support was positively associated with middle (β = 0.26, p = 0.024) and high (β = 0.35, p = 0.014) compared to low educational attainment and (sub)clinical anxiety (β = 0.22, p = 0.017), and negatively associated with social functioning (β =  − 0.37, p = 0.002) in multivariate analyses.

Conclusion
YACCS report the strongest need for support, for concrete information, in the domains lifestyle, fertility, and physical consequences of childhood cancer. Associated factors were mostly socioeconomic and psychosocial in nature. Psychosocial care should be an integral part of survivorship care for YACCS, with screening for psychosocial problems, information provision including associated emotional consequences and support if necessary (psycho-education) and tailored interventions, and adequate referrals to more specialized care if necessary.
Spatial variability and environmental drivers of cassava—arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) associations across Southern Nigeria
Authors: Thanni Bolaji , Merckx Roel , De Bauw Pieterjan , Boeraeve Margaux , Peeters Gerrit , Hauser Stefan , Honnay Olivier 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCassava, forming starch-rich, tuberous roots, is an important staple crop in smallholder farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa. Its relatively good tolerance to drought and nutrient-poor soils may be partly attributed to the crop’s association with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF). Yet insights into AMF-community composition and richness of cassava, and knowledge of its environmental drivers are still limited. Here, we sampled 60 cassava fields across three major cassava-growing agro-ecological zones in Nigeria and used a DNA meta-barcoding approach to quantify large-scale spatial variation and evaluate the effects of soil characteristics and common agricultural practices on AMF community composition, richness and Shannon diversity. We identified 515 AMF operational taxonomic units (OTUs), dominated byGlomus, with large variation across agro-ecological zones, and with soil pH explaining most of the variation in AMF community composition. High levels of soil available phosphorus reduced OTU richness without affecting Shannon diversity. Long fallow periods (> 5 years) reduced AMF richness compared with short fallows, whereas both zero tillage and tractor tillage reduced AMF diversity compared with hoe tillage. This study reveals that the symbiotic relationship between cassava and AMF is strongly influenced by soil characteristics and agricultural management and that it is possible to adjust cassava cultivation practices to modify AMF diversity and community structure.Graphical abstract
Periodontitis, age-related diseases and diabetes in an endocrinological outpatient setting (PARADIES): a cross-sectional analysis on predictive factors for periodontitis in a German outpatient facility
Authors: Kabisch Stefan , Hedemann Oda Sophia , Pfeiffer Andreas F. H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for periodontitis. Data on risk-modifying factors for periodontitis in diabetes patients are limited.AimsWe tested whether sex, age, type of diabetes, metabolic state, comorbidities, complications, measures of well-being and quality of life are predicting periodontitis in a German diabetes outpatient cohort.MethodsIn total, 1180 out of 1293 participating DM patients completed questionnaires on quality of life, dental hygiene and health. All patients also filled out a modified version of the periodontitis risk questionnaire by the American Association for Periodontology, from which the status of “assumed periodontitis” was deducted. In a subset of participants (n = 461), we measured or inquired the most recent Community Parodontal Index (CPI), providing an objective measure for clinically diagnosed periodontitis. For all subjects, DM history and phenotype, major metabolic parameters (HbA1c, BMI, LDL and total cholesterol levels), general health risk factors, comorbidities and medication were collected.ResultsClinically diagnosed (CPI > 2) and assumed periodontitis was detected in 60–67% of our patients. Male sex and oral health-related quality of life were associated with clinically diagnosed periodontitis. Male sex, age, smoking, dental hygiene, dental control and diabetes-related quality of life independently predicted assumed periodontitis.ConclusionIn DM patients, quality of life and lifestyle factors which systemically alter microvascular and immunological functions seem to predict periodontitis. Further studies are needed for replication and for pathomechanistic clarification.
Precautionary behaviours of individuals with multimorbidity during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Delerue Matos Alice , Fonseca de Paiva Andreia , Cunha Cláudia , Voss Gina 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStudies show that older individuals with multimorbidity are more susceptible to develop a more severe case of COVID-19 when infected by the virus. These individuals are more likely to be admitted to Intensive Care Units and to die from COVID-19-related conditions than younger individuals or those without multimorbidity. This research aimed to assess whether there are differences in terms of precautionary behaviours between individuals aged 50 + with multimorbidity and their counterparts without multimorbidity residing in 25 European countries plus Israel. We used data from the SHARE-COVID19 questionnaire on the socio-demographic and economic characteristics, multimorbidity, and precautionary behaviours of individuals. SHARE wave 8 and 7 databases were also used to fully identify individuals with multimorbidity. Our results showed that individuals with multimorbidity were more likely to exhibit precautionary behaviours than their counterparts without multimorbidity when gender, age, education, financial distress and countries were included as controls. Additionally, we found that women, more educated individuals and those experiencing more financial distress adopt more protective behaviours than their counterparts. Our results also indicate that the prevalence of precautionary behaviours is higher in Spain and Italy and lower in Denmark, Finland and Sweden. To guarantee the adoption of preventive actions against COVID-19, public health messaging and actions must continue to be disseminated among middle and older aged persons with multimorbidity, and more awareness campaigns should be targeted at men and less educated individuals but also at persons experiencing less financial distress, particularly in countries where people engaged in fewer precautionary behaviours.
Higher strong order methods for linear Itô SDEs on matrix Lie groups
Authors: Muniz Michelle , Ehrhardt Matthias , Günther Michael , Winkler Renate 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper we present a general procedure for designing higher strong order methods for linear Itô stochastic differential equations on matrix Lie groups and illustrate this strategy with two novel schemes that have a strong convergence order of 1.5. Based on the Runge–Kutta–Munthe–Kaas (RKMK) method for ordinary differential equations on Lie groups, we present a stochastic version of this scheme and derive a condition such that the stochastic RKMK has the same strong convergence order as the underlying stochastic Runge–Kutta method. Further, we show how our higher order schemes can be applied in a mechanical engineering as well as in a financial mathematics setting.
Productivity and Management of Renewable Resources: Why More Efficient Fishing Fleets Should Fish Less
Authors: Nævdal Eric 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article analyses the effect of productivity improvements on optimal fisheries management. It is shown that when harvest costs are independent of resource stock and the stock is below its steady state level, then for any given stock it is optimal to reduce harvest levels in response to a productivity increase unless optimal harvest rate is already zero. If harvest costs are stock dependent this result is modified; for stock dependent harvest costs there exists an interval of stock sizes below the steady state where it is optimal to reduce the harvest rate for any given stock size whereas if the harvest rate is close to an economically optimal steady state it is optimal to increase the harvest rate.
The cauldron has cooled down: a systematic literature review on home advantage in football during the COVID-19 pandemic from a socio-economic and psychological perspective
Authors: Leitner Michael Christian , Daumann Frank , Follert Florian , Richlan Fabio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe phenomenon of home advantage (home bias) is well-analyzed in the scientific literature. But only the COVID-19 pandemic enabled studies on this phenomenon—for the first time in history—on a global scale. Thus, several studies to date examined the effects of empty stadiums by comparing regular matches (with supporters) before the COVID-19 restrictions with so-called ghost games (games without supporters) during the pandemic. To synthesize the existing knowledge and offer an overview regarding the effects of ghost games on home advantage we provide a systematic literature review on this topic. Our findings—based on 26 primary studies—indicate that ghost games have a considerable impact on the phenomenon of home advantage. Deeper analysis further indicates that this effect is based on a reduced “referee bias” and a lack of “emotional support from the ranks”. From a psychological perspective, we argue that our conclusions are highly relevant by emphasizing decision making under pressure and crowd-induced motivation in sports. From a socio-economic perspective, we argue that our findings legitimize a discussion regarding compensation of fans after sporting success as plausible and worth considering. Thus, our results are significant for scientists, sports and team managers, media executives, fan representatives and other persons responsible in the football industry.
Qualitative analysis of 7- and 8-hydroxyzolpidem and discovery of novel zolpidem metabolites in postmortem urine using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Yamaguchi Koji , Miyaguchi Hajime , Ohno Youkichi , Kanawaku Yoshimasa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Zolpidem (ZOL) is a hypnotic sometimes used in drug-facilitated crimes. Understanding ZOL metabolism is important for proving ZOL intake. In this study, we synthesized standards of hydroxyzolpidems with a hydroxy group attached to the pyridine ring and analyzed them to prove their presence in postmortem urine. We also searched for novel ZOL metabolites in the urine sample using liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-QqQMS) and liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QqTOFMS).

Methods
7- and 8-Hydroxyzolpidem (7OHZ and 8OHZ, respectively) were synthesized and analyzed using LC-QqQMS. Retention times were compared between the synthetic standards and extracts of postmortem urine. To search for novel ZOL metabolites, first, the urine extract was analyzed with data-dependent acquisition, and the peaks showing the characteristic fragmentation pattern of ZOL were selected. Second, product ion spectra of these peaks at various collision energies were acquired and fragments that could be used for multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) were chosen. Finally, MRM parameters were optimized using the urine extract. These peaks were also analyzed using LC-QqTOFMS.

Results
The presence of 7OHZ and 8OHZ in urine was confirmed. The highest peak among hydroxyzolpidems was assigned to 7OHZ. The novel metabolites found were zolpidem dihydrodiol and its glucuronides, cysteine adducts of ZOL and dihydro(hydroxy)zolpidem, and glucuronides of hydroxyzolpidems.

Conclusions
The presence of novel metabolites revealed new metabolic pathways, which involve formation of an epoxide on the pyridine ring as an intermediate.
Unterschiede im Stresserleben von Studierenden und Zusammenhänge mit der Gesundheit. Ergebnisse einer Pfadanalyse
Authors: Sendatzki Saskia , Rathmann Katharina 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Studierende in Deutschland berichten aktuellen Studien zufolge häufig von Stress [12, 16, 38]. Erkenntnisse zu Zusammenhängen zwischen dem sozialen Hintergrund und dem Stresserleben [12, 16, 20, 27, 31, 38] sowie dem Stresserleben und der Gesundheit [8, 13, 18, 28] bei Studierenden liegen nur
vereinzelt vor.

Ziel der Arbeit
Der Beitrag untersucht die Rolle sozialer Hintergrundmerkmale und des Stresserlebens für Indikatoren der selbstberichteten Gesundheit und des Gesundheitsverhaltens bei Studierenden. Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, inwieweit das Stresserleben die Beziehung zwischen sozialen Hintergrundmerkmalen und den Indikatoren der Gesundheit vermittelt.

Material und Methoden
Insgesamt nahmen N = 1024 Studierende an einer Online-Erhebung an der Technischen Universität Dortmund im Jahr 2018 teil. Im Rahmen von uni-, bi- und multivariaten Analysen wurden Angaben von n = 850 Studierenden berücksichtigt.

Ergebnisse
Etwa die Hälfte der Studierenden berichtet von einem hohen Stresserleben, welches zwischen Studierenden mit geringer sozialer Unterstützung (Odds Ratio [OR] = 4,51), niedrigem subjektiven Sozialstatus (OR = 2,35), nicht ausreichenden Finanzen (OR = 2,04), beidseitigem Migrationshintergrund (OR = 1,84) und chronischen Erkrankungen (OR = 1,64) sowie Befragten der Referenzgruppen sozial ungleich verteilt ist. Studierende mit einem hohen Stresserleben weisen ein erhöhtes Odds Ratio für eine geringe Lebenszufriedenheit (OR = 8,47), häufige psychosomatische Beschwerden (OR = 6,91) sowie für eine schlechte selbstberichtete Gesundheit (OR = 3,21) und ein ungesundes Ernährungsverhalten (OR = 1,56) auf. Die Ergebnisse weisen zudem auf soziale Unterschiede im Gesundheitszustand und teilweise auch im Gesundheitsverhalten Studierender hin, welche geringfügig oder gar nicht durch das Stresserleben vermittelt werden.

Schlussfolgerungen
Der Beitrag zeigt, dass der soziale Hintergrund und das Stresserleben eine wichtige Rolle für den Gesundheitszustand Studierender spielen. Der soziale Hintergrund sowie das Stresserleben weisen eine jeweils eigenständige
Bedeutung für die Gesundheit auf. Im Rahmen eines studentischen Gesundheitsmanagements sollten künftig zielgruppenspezifische Maßnahmen zur Stärkung des gesundheitsförderlichen Umgangs mit Stress umgesetzt werden.