bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to Equality and Cultural Responsiveness in Three Urban Norwegian Primary Schools: A Critical Lens for School Staff Perceptions
Authors: Corral-Granados Anabel , Rapp Anna Cecilia , Smeplass Eli 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLiterature regarding the gap between the conceptualization of inequality and school staffs’ perception of it in Norwegian schools is scarce. Therefore, we explore the challenges that Norwegian school staff have experienced as they work to ensure inclusive education at three schools. We address this challenge by examining three purposefully selected maximum variation schools that are located in a large Norwegian city. This is a qualitative study based on 25 in-depth interviews with school personnel regarding their understanding of anti-oppressive education of children. A relational approach and critical theory are used to organize and explain nested contextual systems. The narratives from school staff are used to identify their perception of their roles in combatting oppression, their patterns of interaction with others within the school community, and their constructions of “otherness.” The theoretical approach comprises a framework that is based on a social network analysis, trust and belonging, and the staff’s perception of their school’s context in relation to anti-oppressive values in critical race theory. We identify various challenges at each urban school that relate to social and organizational factors and discuss how investigating professionals’ meaning-making enables more nuanced images of the Nordic educational model.
Formulation and characterization of polyester-lignite composite coated slow-release fertilizers
Authors: Abhiram Gunaratnam , Bishop Peter , Jeyakumar Paramsothy , Grafton Miles , Davies Clive E. , McCurdy Murray 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTwo polyester-lignite composite coated urea slow-release fertilizers (SRFs; Poly3 and Poly5) were developed and their physicochemical properties were studied. Both these SRFs significantly (p < 0.05) extended the urea release compared to uncoated urea; Poly3 and Poly5 by 117 and 172 h, respectively. The urea release characteristics of Poly5 were further enhanced by linseed oil application (Poly5-linseed). The SEM images demonstrated the coatings were in contact with the urea and encase urea particles completely with the average coating thickness of 167.2 ± 15 µm. The new interactions between polyester and lignite in the composite coating were confirmed by the FTIR analysis. Polyester-calcium carbonate (Polyester-CaCO3) coated SRFs (Calc3 and Calc5) were developed using CaCO3 as a filler in place of lignite and the urea dissolution rate was compared with Poly3 and Poly5. The urea release times for the polyester-CaCO3 formulations, 48 and 72 h, were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than the polyester-lignite formulation, showing that lignite imparted greater control over release time than CaCO3. Findings from this work showed that polyester-lignite composites can be used as a coating material for SRFs.
Graphical abstract
Toward More Accessible Fully Automated 3D Volumetric MRI Decision Trees for the Differential Diagnosis of Multiple System Atrophy, Related Disorders, and Age-Matched Healthy Subjects
Authors: Kim Jisoo , Young Geoffrey S. , Willett Andrew S. , Pitaro Ariana T. , Crotty Grace F. , Mesidor Merlyne , Jones Kristie A. , Bay Camden , Zhang Min , Feany Mel B. , Xu Xiaoyin , Qin Lei , Khurana Vikram 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDifferentiating multiple system atrophy (MSA) from related neurodegenerative movement disorders (NMD) is challenging. MRI is widely available and automated decision-tree analysis is simple, transparent, and resistant to overfitting. Using a retrospective cohort of heterogeneous clinical MRIs broadly sourced from a tertiary hospital system, we aimed to develop readily translatable and fully automated volumetric diagnostic decision-trees to facilitate early and accurate differential diagnosis of NMDs. 3DT1 MRI from 171 NMD patients (72 MSA, 49 PSP, 50 PD) and 171 matched healthy subjects were automatically segmented using Freesurfer6.0 with brainstem module. Decision trees employing substructure volumes and a novel volumetric pons-to-midbrain ratio (3D-PMR) were produced and tenfold cross-validation performed. The optimal tree separating NMD from healthy subjects selected cerebellar white matter, thalamus, putamen, striatum, and midbrain volumes as nodes. Its sensitivity was 84%, specificity 94%, accuracy 84%, and kappa 0.69 in cross-validation. The optimal tree restricted to NMD patients selected 3D-PMR, thalamus, superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP), midbrain, pons, and putamen as nodes. It yielded sensitivities/specificities of 94/84% for MSA, 72/96% for PSP, and 73/92% PD, with 79% accuracy and 0.62 kappa. There was correct classification of 16/17 MSA, 5/8 PSP, 6/8 PD autopsy-confirmed patients, and 6/8 MRIs that preceded motor symptom onset. Fully automated decision trees utilizing volumetric MRI data distinguished NMD patients from healthy subjects and MSA from other NMDs with promising accuracy, including autopsy-confirmed and pre-symptomatic subsets. Our open-source methodology is well-suited for widespread clinical translation. Assessment in even more heterogeneous retrospective and prospective cohorts is indicated.
Self-healing and polymer welding of soft and stiff epoxy thermosets via silanolates
Authors: Putnam-Neeb Amelia A. , Kaiser Jordan M. , Hubbard Amber M. , Street Dayton P. , Dickerson Matthew B. , Nepal Dhriti , Baldwin Luke A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIncorporating dynamic bonds into polymers enables static thermosets to be transformed into active materials, possessing the reprocessability of thermoplastics while maintaining the bulk properties of fully crosslinked networks. This new class of materials, termed covalent adaptable networks (CANs), has helped bridge the gap between traditional thermosets and thermoplastics. Here, epoxy-based adaptable networks were synthesized by combining a diepoxide monomer with an oligosiloxane prepolymer containing aminopropyl groups, which crosslink irreversibly, and silanolate end-groups, which participate in dynamic bonding. Two separate diepoxide crosslinkers were used to give a range of soft to stiff materials with a Young’s modulus varying from 12 MPa to 2.2 GPa. This study documents how the thermal and mechanical properties (e.g., glass transition temperature and modulus) are affected by compositional changes in these silanolate networks. Dynamic bonding also results in self-healing properties, offering the ability to repair structural polymers and composites. When combined with tunable mechanical properties, self-healing capabilities make these materials well-suited to be sustainable alternatives for many traditional thermosets. For example, we demonstrated the ability to weld a stiff epoxy thermoset to a dissimilar soft material, a feature traditional epoxies do not permit.
Graphical abstract
Impact of Vaccination and Control Measures on the Fatality of COVID-19: An Ecological Study
Authors: Tan Jinlin , Wu Zhilong , Gan Lin , Zhong Qianhong , Zhu Yajuan , Li Yufen , Zhang Dingmei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, reducing the case fatality rate (CFR) becomes an urgent goal.

Objective
This study explored the effect of vaccination and variants on COVID-19 fatality and provide a basis for the adjustment of control measures.

Methods
This study collected epidemiological information on COVID-19 from January to October 2021. By setting different lag times, we calculated the adjusted CFR. The Spearman correlation coefficient and beta regression were used to explore factors that may affect COVID-19 fatality.

Results
Every 1% increase in the percentage of full vaccinations may reduce the 3 weeks lagging CFR by 0.66%. Increasing the restrictions on internal movement from level 0 to 1, restrictions on international travel controls from level 2 to 3, and stay-at-home restrictions from level 0 to 2 were associated with an average reduction in 3 weeks lagging CFR of 0.20%, 0.39%, and 0.36%, respectively. Increasing strictness in canceling public events from level 0 to 1 and 2 may reduce the 3 weeks lagging CFR by 0.49% and 0.37, respectively. Increasing the severity of school and workplace closures from level 1 or level 0 to 3 may increase the 3 weeks lagging CFR of 0.39% and 0.83, respectively. Every 1-point increase in the Global Health Security (GHS) index score may increase the 3 weeks lagging CFR by 0.12%.

Conclusion
A higher percentage of full vaccinations, higher levels of internal movement restrictions, international travel control restrictions, cancelations of public events, and stay-at-home restrictions are factors that may reduce the adjusted CFR.
Surgical Menopause and Bilateral Oophorectomy: Effect of Estrogen-Progesterone and Testosterone Replacement Therapy on Psychological Well-Being and Sexual Functioning; A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Stuursma Annechien , Lanjouw Lieke , Idema Demy L. , de Bock Geertruida H. , Mourits Marian J.E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundBesides experiencing vasomotor symptoms, after surgical menopause and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO), women experience moderate to severe psychological and sexual symptoms.AimsTo systematically review and meta-analyze the effect of systemic hormone replacement therapy (sHRT) on psychological well-being and sexual functioning in women after surgical menopause and BSO.MethodsMedline/Pubmed, EMBASE and PsychInfo were systematically searched until November 2021. Randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of sHRT on psychological well-being and/or sexual functioning in surgically menopausal women and women after BSO were eligible for inclusion. Two independent authors performed study selection, risk of bias assessment and data extraction. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated.OutcomesPrimary outcomes for psychological well-being were defined as overall psychological well-being, depression, and anxiety. Primary outcomes for sexual functioning were defined as overall sexual functioning, sexual desire, and sexual satisfaction. All outcomes were assessed on short (≤12 weeks) or medium term (13–26 weeks).ResultsTwelve studies were included. Estradiol had a beneficial effect on depressed mood on short term 3–6 years after surgery or 2 years (median) after surgery with high heterogeneity (SMD: −1.37, 95%CI: −2.38 to −0.37, P = .007, I2 79%). Testosterone had a beneficial effect on overall sexual functioning on short to medium term 4.6 years (mean) after surgery (SMD 0.38, 95%CI 0.11–0.65, I2 0%) and on sexual desire on medium term at least 3–12 months after surgery (SMD 0.38, 95%CI 0.19–0.56, I2 54%). For most studies, risk of bias was uncertain.Clinical implicationsEstradiol may beneficially affect psychological symptoms after surgical menopause or BSO and testosterone might improve sexual desire and overall sexual functioning.Strengths and limitationsThis review only included patient-reported outcomes, thereby reflected perceived and not simply objective symptoms in surgically menopausal women and women after BSO. The small number of studies highly varied in nature and bias could not be excluded, therefore our results should be interpreted with great caution.ConclusionIndependent randomized controlled clinical trials investigating the effects of estrogen-progesterone and testosterone on psychological and sexual symptoms after surgical menopause are needed.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019136698.
Synchronous Surgical Management of Erectile Dysfunction and Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Reoperation Rates
Authors: Pyrgidis Nikolaos , Barham David W. , Hammad Muhammed , Sokolakis Ioannis , Hatzichristodoulou Georgios , Lentz Aaron C. , Simhan Jay , Yafi Faysal A. , Gross Martin S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe efficacy, safety, and postoperative outcomes of synchronous surgery for concomitant erectile dysfunction (ED) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) remain unclear.ObjectivesWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the available synchronous surgical approaches for concomitant ED and SUI and to assess the reoperation rates compared to asynchronous surgery and surgery only for ED or SUI.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases until June 2022 for relevant studies. Based on data availability, we performed a meta-analysis of odds ratios (ORs) comparing reoperation rates after synchronous surgery in patients with concomitant ED and SUI versus asynchronous surgery, as well as surgery solely for ED or SUI (PROSPERO: CRD42022326941).ResultsWe included 18 studies in the systematic review (16,517 patients) and 5 in the meta-analysis. Comparing synchronous implantation of penile prosthesis and artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) versus asynchronous surgery, no statistically significant differences were observed in the reoperation rates [OR:0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52–1.84, I2:0%). Comparing synchronous implantation of both penile prosthesis and AUS versus implantation of only a penile prosthesis or an AUS, combined surgery was associated with higher reoperation rates (OR:2.02, 95%CI: 1.29–3.16, I2:36% and OR:1.7, 95%CI: 1.25–2.32, I2:0%, respectively). Synchronous surgery led to high satisfaction rates and significant improvement in ED and SUI. Evidence for the combination of penile prosthesis with a male sling or the ProACT device is low, but data suggests it may be safe and effective. The synchronous placement of a Mini-Jupette sling and penile prosthesis represents a promising treatment modality for the correction of ED and mild SUI and/or climacturia.ConclusionsSynchronous penile prosthesis and AUS implantation appears safe and effective in patients with severe ED and SUI. Further high-quality studies are mandatory to strengthen the current scarce evidence for synchronous surgery in patients with ED and SUI.
How Does Trust Relate to Faith?
Authors: McKaughan Daniel J. , Howard-Snyder Daniel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHow does trust relate to faith? We do not know of a theory-neutral way to answer our question. So, we begin with what we regard as a plausible theory of faith according to which, in slogan form, faith is resilient reliance. Next, we turn to contemporary theories of trust. They are not of one voice. Still, we can use them to indicate ways in which trust and faithmightboth differ from and resemble each other. This is what we do. Along the way, we evaluate substantive issues related to these possible differences and similarities.
Roles of CCR10/CCL27–CCL28 axis in tumour development: mechanisms, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and perspectives
Authors: Mergia Terefe Ermias , Catalan Opulencia Maria Jade , Rakhshani Amir , Ansari Mohammad Javed , Sergeevna Sergushina Elena , Awadh Sura A. , Polatova Djamila Sh. , Abdulkadhim Adnan Hashim , Mustafa Yasser Fakri , Kzar Hamzah H. , Al-Gazally Moaed E. , Kadhim Mustafa M. , Taherian Gholamali 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cancer is now one of the major causes of death across the globe. The imbalance of cytokine and chemokine secretion has been reported to be involved in cancer development. Meanwhile, CC chemokines have received considerable interest in cancer research. CCR10, as the latest identified CC chemokine receptor (CCR), has been implicated in the recruitment and infiltration of immune cells, especially lymphocytes, into epithelia such as skin via ligation to two ligands, CCL27 and CCL28. Other than homoeostatic function, several mechanisms have been shown to dysregulate CCR10/CCL27–CCL28 expression in the tumour microenvironment. As such, these receptors and ligands mediate T-cell trafficking in the tumour microenvironment. Depending on the types of lymphocytes recruited, CCR10/CCL27–CCL28 interaction has been shown to play conflicting roles in cancer development. If they were T helper and cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells, the role of this axis would be tumour-suppressive. In contrast, if CCR10/CCL27–CCL28 recruited regulatory T cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts or myeloid-derived suppressor cells, it would lead to tumour progression. In addition to the trafficking of lymphocytes and immune cells, CCR10 also leads to the migration of tumour cells or endothelial cells (called angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis) to promote tumour metastasis. Furthermore, CCR10 signalling triggers tumour-promoting signalling such as PI3K/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, resulting in tumour cell growth. Since CCR10/CCL27–CCL28 is dysregulated in the tumour tissues, it is suggested that analysis and measurement of them might predict tumour development. Finally, it is hoped using therapeutic approaches based on this axis might increase our knowledge to overcome tumour progression.
Flip signatures
Authors: RYU SIEYE 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA
$D_{\infty }$
-topological Markov chain is a topological Markov chain provided with an action of the infinite dihedral group
$D_{\infty }$
. It is defined by two zero-one square matrices A and J satisfying
$AJ=JA^{\textsf {T}}$
and
$J^2=I$
. A flip signature is obtained from symmetric bilinear forms with respect to J on the eventual kernel of A. We modify Williams’ decomposition theorem to prove the flip signature is a
$D_{\infty }$
-conjugacy invariant. We introduce natural
$D_{\infty }$
-actions on Ashley’s eight-by-eight and the full two-shift. The flip signatures show that Ashley’s eight-by-eight and the full two-shift equipped with the natural
$D_{\infty }$
-actions are not
$D_{\infty }$
-conjugate. We also discuss the notion of
$D_{\infty }$
-shift equivalence and the Lind zeta function.
Exceptional jumps of Picard ranks of reductions of K3 surfaces over number fields
Authors: Shankar Ananth N. , Shankar Arul , Tang Yunqing , Tayou Salim 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGiven a K3 surfaceXover a number fieldKwith potentially good reduction everywhere, we prove that the set of primes ofKwhere the geometric Picard rank jumps is infinite. As a corollary, we prove that either$X_{\overline {K}}$has infinitely many rational curves orXhas infinitely many unirational specialisations.Our result on Picard ranks is a special case of more general results on exceptional classes for K3 type motives associated to GSpin Shimura varieties. These general results have several other applications. For instance, we prove that an abelian surface over a number fieldKwith potentially good reduction everywhere is isogenous to a product of elliptic curves modulo infinitely many primes ofK.
Language Matters: Developing Inclusive, Strengths-Based Practice in a Cluster of Resource Teachers: Learning and Behaviour
Authors: Harkness Fiona Jane , Walker Joanne , Meyer Frauke 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResource Teachers: Learning and Behaviour (RTLB) work with teachers to identify learning and behaviour needs of students who experience barriers to educational success. The language RTLB use can have a significant impact on teachers’ response to the inclusion of students with special learning needs and is key to improving educational outcomes for all learners. We examined the extent to which RTLB in New Zealand used inclusive, strengths-based language in initial meetings with teachers and whether shifts could be made through professional learning and development (PLD). Data collected included audio recordings, transcripts of initial meetings pre- and post-PLD, RTLB reflections on both transcripts, and questionnaires. Results indicate limited use of inclusive, strengths-based language prior to PLD. However, PLD that provided targeted opportunities to reflect on evidence of language behaviour and to practise requisite skills markedly increased RTLB awareness, knowledge, and skills with respect to inclusive, strengths-based language. Findings indicate that change often requires disrupting long-held beliefs and practices and a need for evidence of these to be able to do so. The findings have implications for the type of in-depth PLD needed to facilitate change in the language RTLB use when working with teachers.
The Business Creation Process and Latin American Entrepreneurs
Authors: Nicolás Martínez Catalina , Rubio Bañón Alicia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEntrepreneurship is considered fundamental to economic development since entrepreneurs generate their own economic benefit and indirectly promote employment, boost innovation, and attract human and financial resources and investment in infrastructure to the territory, among other benefits. Latin America has very high rates of entrepreneurship, so to deepen our knowledge of the factors that influence entrepreneurship, it is necessary to investigate the region. This article tests various theories of factors (self-efficacy, fear of failure, perception of opportunity, and socialization) that determine the decision to become an entrepreneur, using a quantitative methodology with a representative sample of 27,341 Latin American individuals (including 4,416 entrepreneurs). The results partially support these factors and show that Latin American entrepreneurs differ from the profile indicated in previous literature. In addition, results seem to indicate that the level of development of a country determines the strength with which the factors studied influence entrepreneurship.
¿Qué hacer? Repertorios de acción frente a las injusticias percibidas en los lugares de trabajo en Santiago de Chile
Authors: Frei Raimundo , Moya Cristóbal , Castillo Alejandro , Gerber Mónica , Puga Ismael 
Published: September 2022

Resumen¿Qué hacen los trabajadores asalariados para responder a situaciones de injusticia en sus lugares de trabajo? Este artículo examina distintos repertorios de acción desplegados por trabajadores en el contexto laboral chileno, caracterizado por altos niveles de desigualdad salarial y una débil estructura sindical. Se analizan ocho grupos focales en los cuales trabajadores conversaron acerca de cómo responder a injusticias percibidas en el mundo laboral. Se identifican cinco repertorios que cuentan con diversos grados de legitimidad según el nivel socioeconómico del grupo: neoliberal,managerial, sindical, fatalista y resiliente. Se argumenta que el repertorio neoliberal ofrece a los grupos profesionales una mayor capacidad de respuesta ante injusticias distributivas y procedimentales, mientras que el repertorio resiliente ofrecería a trabajadores no calificados un set de herramientas culturales para hacer frente a los agravios a la dignidad en los lugares de trabajo. Los grupos de supervisores adoptarían en mayor medida un repertoriomanagerial, impulsados por gestionar el clima laboral en contextos de baja legitimidad de los sindicatos y miedo al conflicto. Se concluye que en contextos laborales fuertemente desregulados, como el caso chileno, una apropiación diferenciada de repertorios podría contribuir a reforzar las desigualdades existentes en el trabajo.
Diversity and violence during conflict migration: The Troubles in Northern Ireland
Authors: Adida Claire L. , Brown Joseph M. , McCord Gordon C. , McLachlan Paul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDiversity's effect on violence is ambiguous. Some studies find that diverse areas experience more violence; others find the opposite. Yet conflict displaces and intimidates people, creating measurement challenges. We propose a novel indicator of diversity that circumvents these problems: the location of physical structures at disaggregated geographical levels. We introduce this solution in the context of the Troubles in Northern Ireland. Our data reveal a curvilinear relationship between diversity and conflict-related deaths, with the steepest increase at low diversity, driven by an increase in violence when our proxy for the Catholic proportion of the population rises from 0 to 20 percent. These patterns are consistent with a theory of group threat through exposure.