bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful immunomodulation in kidney transplant recipients with cytokine release syndrome after coronavirus disease
Authors: Takamoto Daiji , Sasaki Hajime , Kataoka Hiroshi , Kodama Fumihiro , Higuchi Haruka , Hirano Tetsuo , Takada Yusuke , Harada Shigeru , Harada Hiroshi , Tanaka Hiroshi 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionPatients with coronavirus disease, especially solid organ transplant recipients, are more susceptible to developing cytokine release syndrome than those with other viral infections. However, currently, treatment methods for such patients have not been established. Here, we describe two cases of successful immunomodulation in Japanese kidney transplant recipients with cytokine release syndrome following coronavirus disease.Case presentationTwo patients who had been receiving long‐term immunosuppressant therapy developed coronavirus disease‐associated pneumonia caused by cytokine release syndrome, following immunosuppressant dosage reduction. However, they recovered immediately after administration of tocilizumab with or without dexamethasone.ConclusionThe immunosuppressant dosage should be reduced to restore host immunity; however, immunomodulation should be considered in cases of suspected cytokine release syndrome.
Research and scholarly methods: Implementation science studies
Authors: Kuo Grace M. , Trinkley Katy E. , Rabin Borsika 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTraditional research focuses on efficacy or effectiveness of interventions but lacks evaluation of strategies needed for equitable uptake, scalable implementation, and sustainable evidence‐based practice transformation. The purpose of this introductory review is to describe key implementation science (IS) concepts as they apply to medication management and pharmacy practice, and to provide guidance on literature review with an IS lens. There are five key ingredients of IS, including: (a) evidence‐based intervention; (b) implementation strategies; (c) IS theory, model, or framework; (d) IS outcomes and measures; and (e) stakeholder engagement, which is key to a successful implementation. These key ingredients apply across the three stages of IS research: (a) pre‐implementation; (b) implementation; and (c) sustainment. A case example using a combination of IS models, PRISM (Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability model) and RE‐AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance), is included to describe how an IS study is designed and conducted. This case is a cluster‐randomized trial comparing two clinical decision support tools to improve guideline‐concordant prescribing for patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. The review also includes information on the Standards for Reporting Implementation Studies (StaRI), which is used for literature review and reporting of IS studies, as well as IS‐related learning resources.
Exploring psychological distress and impulsivity as predictors of undergraduate problematic alcohol use
Authors: Maccombs‐Hunter Stephanie , Bhat Christine Suniti 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe goal of this research was to explore psychological distress (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) and impulsivity as predictors of problematic alcohol use (PAU) among 481 undergraduate college students between the ages of 18 and 25. The results showed that only impulsivity was predictive of PAU. Controlling for other factors in the model, for every one‐unit increase in impulsivity score, the odds were 2.3 times greater that participants would engage in PAU. Implications for counselors and stakeholders are discussed.
Quantitating Age-Related BMD Textural Variation from DXA Region-Free-Analysis: A Study of Hip Fracture Prediction in Three Cohorts
Authors: Farzi Mohsen , Pozo Jose M. , McCloskey Eugene , Eastell Richard , Harvey Nicholas C. , Frangi Alejandro F. , Wilkinson Jeremy Mark 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
The risk of osteoporotic fracture is inversely related to bone mineral density (BMD), but how spatial BMD pattern influences fracture risk remains incompletely understood. This study used a pixel-level spatiotemporal atlas of proximal femoral BMD in 13,338 white European women (age 20–97 years) to quantitate age-related texture variation in BMD maps and generate a “reference” map of bone aging. We introduce a new index, called Densitometric Bone Age (DBA), as the age at which an individual site-specific BMD map (the proximal femur is studied here) best matches the median aging trajectory at that site in terms of the root mean squared error (RMSE). The ability of DBA to predict incident hip fracture and hip fracture pattern over 5 years following baseline BMD was compared against conventional region-based BMD analysis in a subset of 11,899 women (age 45–97 years), for which follow-up fracture records exist. There were 208 subsequent incident hip fractures in the study populations (138 femoral necks [FNs], 52 trochanteric [TR], 18 sites unspecified). DBA had modestly better performance compared to the conventional FN-BMD, TR-BMD, and total hip (TOT)-BMD in identifying hip fractures measured as the area under the curve (AUC) using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis by 2% (95% confidence interval [CI], −0.5% to 3.5%), 3% (95% CI, 1.0% to 4.0%), and 1% (95% CI, 0.4% to 1.6%), respectively. Compared to FN-BMD T-score, DBA improved the ROC-AUC for predicting TR fractures by ~5% (95% CI, 1.1% to 9.8%) with similar performance in identifying FN fractures. Compared to TR-BMD T-score, DBA improved the ROC-AUC for the prediction of FN fractures by ~3% (95% CI, 1.1% to 4.9%), with similar performance in identifying TR fractures. Our findings suggest that DBA may provide a spatially sensitive measure of proximal femoral fragility that is not captured by FN-BMD or TR-BMD alone. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
“Wellness is wholeness”: Explorations of wellness among Black gay men
Authors: Joe J. Richelle , Heard Nevin J. , Ford, David J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Indivisible Self Model of Wellness undergirded this mixed methods phenomenological exploration of the conceptualizations and experiences of wellness among nine Black gay men who had not tested positive for HIV. Data sources included in‐depth semistructured interviews and participant responses on the Five Factor Wellness Inventory. The following themes emerged from the thematic analysis of the interview transcripts: holistic self‐love, spiritual journey, kinship, social responsibility, sexual literacy, and approaches to HIV prevention. Additionally, cross‐validation of the qualitative and quantitative data revealed the central roles that social connectedness and spirituality played in these men's lives. Findings from this study provide a detailed picture of wellness within this sample and indicate considerations for expanding wellness to account for sexual health and wellness practices.
Sex difference in cognitive behavioral alterations and barrel cortex neuronal responses in rats exposed prenatally to valproic acid under continuous environmental enrichment
Authors: Sabzalizadeh Mansoureh , Mollashahi Mahtab , Afarinesh Mohammad Reza , Mafi Fatemeh , Joushy Sara , Sheibani Vahid 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder that can affect social interactions and sensory‐motor behaviors. The present study investigates the effect of environmental enrichment (EE) on behavioral alterations and neuron responses associated with the barrel cortex of young adult female and male rats exposed prenatally to valproic acid (VPA). Pregnant female rats were pretreated with either saline or VPA (500 mg/kg, IP) on day 12.5 of gestation. Male and female pups were exposed to either EE or standard‐setting (non‐enrichment) conditions for 1 month (between postnatal day [PND] 30 and 63–65) and were divided into non‐EE (control), EE, VPA, and VPA + EE groups. Three‐chamber sociability and social novelty, acoustic startle reflex, and texture discrimination tests were conducted on PND 62. Responses of barrel cortex neurons of male pups were evaluated using the extracellular single‐unit recording technique on PND 63–65. Results showed that the performance of rats of both sexes in social interactions, texture discrimination tasks, and acoustic startle reflex significantly decreased in the VPA groups compared with the control rats (P < 0.05). In this regard, EE attenuated the altered deficit performance observed in the VPA animals compared with the VPA‐EE animals (P < 0.05). The performance of females was better than males in the discrimination tasks and acoustic startle reflex. In contrast, males were better than females in the three‐chamber social interaction test. Additionally, the excitatory receptive field response magnitude of the barrel cortex neurons in the VPA + EE group increased compared with the VPA group (P < 0.05). The results suggest that continuous EE can attenuate cognitive function disturbances in autistic‐like rats and, at least at the behavioral level, the effects depend on sex.
Evaluation of a new ELISA assay for monoclonal free‐light chain detection in patients with cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Abroud Hajer , Beldi‐Ferchiou Asma , Audard Vincent , Lemonnier François , Le Bras Fabien , Belhadj Karim , Moktefi Anissa , Poullot Elsa , El Karoui Khalil , Dupuis Jehan , Maarek Alizée , Roulin Louise , Delfau‐Larue Marie‐Hélène , Oghina Silvia , Kharoubi Mounira , Bézard Mélanie , Zaroui Amira , Damy Thibaud , Molinier‐Frenkel Valérie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe causal protein of amyloid light‐chain (AL) amyloidosis is a monoclonal immunoglobulin free light chain (mFLC), which must be quantified in the serum for patient diagnosis and monitoring. Several manufacturers commercialize immunoassays that quantify total kappa (κ) and lambda (λ) FLC, but results can differ greatly between these tests. Here, we compared a recently developed enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Sebia) with N‐Latex immunonephelometry (Siemens) in 96 patients diagnosed with AL amyloidosis (histologically confirmed) and 48 non‐AL patients sent to our referral center for suspicion of cardiac amyloidosis. ELISA free‐light chain difference (dFLC) were lower than N‐Latex values, and agreement between methods was reduced in the case of involved λ FLC. Diagnosis sensitivity and specificity were >85% with both assays. A receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that ELISA performances could be improved by using a higher value for the lower limit of the κ/λ ratio. We also assessed Freelite (The Binding Site) in a subgroup of these same AL patients, including 18 cases with normal κ/λ ratio by at least one assay. Only two patients had normal κ/λ ratio with all three assays. Overall, ELISA demonstrated slightly lower sensitivity than N‐Latex but may be an alternative to nephelometry/turbidimetry in certain difficult cases.
Antibody titers after a third dose of the SARS‐CoV‐2 BNT162b2 vaccine in immunocompromised adults in Greece: Is a fourth dose necessary?
Authors: Kontopoulou Konstantina , Nakas Christos T. , Belai Chrysoula , Papazisis Georgios 
Published: June 2022

AbstractReal‐world data suggest that protection against COVID‐19 declines a few months after vaccination, particularly in the elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Our study aimed to analyze the humoral response induced by a third supplemental dose of BNT162b2 vaccine in a mixed group of immunocompromised individuals by determining anti‐spike (anti‐S) IgG antibody titers at baseline (pre‐third vaccine dose) and 4 weeks after the dose. Serum samples were obtained from a total group of 85 immunocompromised individuals (history of cancer: n = 20, lymphoma: n = 4, leukemia: n = 3, transplant recipients: n = 4, autoimmune disease: n = 42, inflammatory disease: n = 6, autoimmune diabetes type 1: n = 6) all of whom had previously received a two‐dose schedule of the vaccine. The average number of days between second and third dose was 139.6145 (±41.39071). The overall IgG GMCs 4 weeks postvaccination were increased by more than 35 times (fold change = 35.30, p < 0.001). Fold changes were not significantly correlated with underlying condition, age, sex nor with days between second and third dose. Considering the predominance of omicron variants in the current period and the results of studies showing a decrease in the effectiveness of the third dose after 10 weeks we highly recommend a fourth dose to this vulnerable population group.
A simple approach for random genomic insertion–deletions using ambiguous sequences in Escherichia coli
Authors: Shekhar Chandra , Maeda Toshinari 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEscherichia coli K‐12, being one of the best understood and thoroughly analyzed organisms, is the preferred platform for genetic and biochemical research. Among all genetic engineering approaches applied on E. coli, the homologous recombination approach is versatile and precise, which allows engineering genes or large segments of the chromosome directly by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products or synthetic oligonucleotides. The previously explained approaches for random insertion and deletions were reported as technically not easy and laborious. This study, first, finds the minimum length of homology extension that is efficient and accurate for homologous recombination, as 30 nt. Second, proposes an approach utilizing PCR products flanking ambiguous NNN‐sequence (30‐nt) extensions, which facilitate the homologous recombination to recombine them at multiple regions on the genome and generate insertion–deletion mutations. Further analysis found that these mutations were varying in number, that is, multiple genomic regions were deleted. Moreover, evaluation of the phenotype of all the multiple random insertion–deletion mutants demonstrated no significant changes in the normal metabolism of bacteria. This study not only presents the efficiency of ambiguous sequences in making random deletion mutations, but also demonstrates their further applicability in genomics.
Diagnostic Value of Quantitative Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound in Comparison to Endoscopy in Children With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Ponorac Slavojka , Dahmane Gošnak Raja , Urlep Darja , Ključevšek Damjana 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveQuantitative contrast‐enhanced US (CEUS) provides objective evaluation of bowel wall perfusion and has been reported as a useful method for evaluating Crohn's disease (CD) activity in children. We tested its' diagnostic accuracy in comparison to endoscopy and evaluated its' usefulness in comparison to Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) and fecal Calprotectin (FC).Materials and methodsChildren with CD and thickened bowel wall on abdominal US were prospectively enrolled. Disease activity was evaluated with quantitative CEUS, PCDAI and FC and compared to a simple endoscopic score for Crohn's disease (SES‐CD). Spearman's correlation and Cohen's kappa statistic between the SES‐CD and other disease activity measures were performed and diagnostic accuracies calculated.Results36 children 3.5–18 years old (mean age 14 years) were included. The quantitative CEUS had 78.57% sensitivity (95%CI 0.59–0.92), 100% specificity (95%CI 0.63–1.0) and 83.33% diagnostic accuracy (95% CI 0.67–0.94). The concordance remission agreement with endoscopy was substantial for quantitative CEUS and PCDAI (quantitative CEUS: κ = 0.62; 95% CI 0.363–0.877; PCDAI: κ = 0.615; 95% CI 0.311–0.920), but only fair for FC (κ = 0.389; 95% CI 0.006–0.783). Correlation between all measures and endoscopy was moderate and statistically significant (quantitative CEUS: rs = 0.535, PCDAI: rs = 0.543, FC: rs = 0.497).ConclusionsQuantitative CEUS has a potential of becoming a complementary method for evaluation of CD activity in children due to its' high specificity in comparison to endoscopy. Lower sensitivity makes it deficient as a single measure and further management should be guided by PCDAI and FC results as well.
Long noncoding RNA LINC01419 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma malignancy by mediating miR‐485‐5p/LSM4 axis
Authors: Sun Zeng‐Peng , Tan Zhi‐Guo , Peng Chuang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo investigate the effect of long noncoding RNA (LINC01419)/miR‐485‐5p/LSM4 on the malignant behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. The expressions of LINC01419, miR‐485‐5p, and LSM4 were determined in HCC at the cellular and clinical levels, and cell biological behavior was evaluated. The relationships between LINC01419, miR‐485‐5p, and LSM4 were predicted and verified. Additionally, the subcellular localization of LINC01419 in HCC cells was analyzed. Finally, an animal experiment was conducted to confirm the effect of LINC01419 silencing on tumor growth. in HCC tissues and cells, LINC01419 and LSM4 were increasingly expressed, but miR‐485‐5p was decreasingly expressed. LINC01419 negatively regulated miR‐485‐5p‐ and miR‐485‐5p‐targeted LSM4. LINC01419 was localized in the cytoplasm of HCC cells. Downregulation of miR‐485‐5p or upregulation of LSM4 reversed the inhibition of HCC cell malignant behavior by LINC01419 interference. LINC01419 sponges miR‐485‐5p to upregulate LSM4 expression, thereby facilitating the biological behavior of HCC cells.
The first glycine‐to‐tryptophan substitution in the COL1A1 gene identified in a patient with progressively‐deforming Osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Sałacińska Kinga , Michałus Izabela , Pinkier Iwona , Rutkowska Lena , Chlebna‐Sokół Danuta , Jakubowska‐Pietkiewicz Elżbieta , Kępczyński Łukasz , Salachna Dominik , Gach Agnieszka 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder of connective tissue with variable phenotype and heterogeneous genetic background. Majority of reported mutations are glycine substitutions, whose clinical outcome ranges from mild to perinatal lethal. The phenotype appears to be influenced by the properties of amino acid side chain and the degree of structural aberration of collagen molecules. Since the genotype–phenotype correlation remains unclear, the severity of mutation is mostly predicted according to previously‐reported cases. Although the number of OI variants is constantly expanding, no glycine‐to‐tryptophan substitutions have been reported in COL1A1 gene.MethodsA sample from a 15‐year‐old girl presenting with progressively‐deforming OI type III was tested using an NGS custom gene panel. Multiple bioinformatic and interpretation tools, including mutation databases and conservation analysis, were used for variant classification. The presence of the mutation was verified by Sanger sequencing.ResultsA novel heterozygous mutation c.733G>T was identified in the COL1A1 gene (p.Gly245Trp).ConclusionsThe discovery of this novel glycine‐to‐tryptophan substitution located in the COL1A1 gene broadens the spectrum of mutations underlying this rare disease and provides useful information on the clinical outcome of such substitutions.
Interprofessional education to implement patient falls education in hospitals: Lessons learned
Authors: Shaw Louise , Kiegaldie Debra , Heng Hazel , Morris Meg. E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to design, deliver and evaluate an interprofessional education programme for healthcare professionals on how to implement a modified version of the safe recovery programme to prevent falls in hospitalized patients.DesignMixed methods design incorporating pre‐ and post education surveys and individual semi‐structured interviews.MethodsThirty‐four health professional participants attended a 1‐h face‐to‐face or Zoom® interprofessional education session to learn how to deliver an evidence‐based patient falls prevention education strategy, the modified Safe Recovery Programme.ResultsA 1‐hour education session was insufficient to build full confidence to deliver the Safe Recovery Programme. There was no statistically significant change in participant views on interprofessional collaboration. Participants recommended prior consultation and preparation before delivery of IPE, with additional opportunities for discussion and feedback during implementation with patients. The findings highlight the importance of interprofessional education for evidence‐based interventions in hospitals. Health professionals value education that is timely, interactive, realistic and engaging.
The effect of polymer molecular weights on the electrical, rheological, and vapor sensing behavior of polycarbonate/multi‐walled carbon nanotube nanocomposites
Authors: Li Yilong , Duan Xuyuan , Nie Cong , Jia Yunchao , Zheng Hongjuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractConductive polymer composites (CPCs) based on polycarbonate/multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (PC/MWCNT) were fabricated by melt mixing. By selecting the PCs with different molecular weights, three kinds of PC/MWCNT composites were obtained. The CPCs containing low viscous PC (lPC) had the lowest percolation threshold (0.06 vol%) as compared to those of medium viscous PC (mPC) (0.07 vol%) and high viscous PC (hPC) (0.13 vol%), which was attributed to the best MWCNT dispersion in matrix. Light microscopy images also demonstrated that lPC/MWCNT composite had the smallest undispersed filler agglomerates than the other two corresponding PC/MWCNT composites with the same filler loading (0.25 wt%). In terms of rheological measurements, rheological percolation occurred at a lower filler content for lPC/MWCNT than mPC/MWCNT and hPC/MWCNT composites. The chemo‐resistive properties of composites towards organic vapors were investigated by measuring relative resistance change of CPCs upon vapor immersion‐drying cycles. CPCs exhibited different sensing tendencies towards different organic vapors. lPC based CPCs exhibit higher relative resistance change as compared to mPC and hPC based CPCs because of their loosely overlapped conductive network, which are easily changed under polymer swelling. Besides, sample thickness is another factor that determined the vapor sensing performance of CPCs. Furthermore, relative resistance change of composites is found to be closely related with vapor concentration. This work presents a new thought in understanding filler dispersion in PC with different molecular weights, which has implication of turning conductive network structure and sensing performance of composites.
Current peptide vaccine and immunotherapy approaches against Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Parrocha Chelsea Marie T. , Nowick James S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPeptide vaccines and immunotherapies against aggregating proteins involved in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD)—the β‐amyloid peptide (Aβ) and tau—are promising therapeutic avenues against AD. Two decades of effort has led to the controversial United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of the monoclonal antibody Aducanumab (Aduhelm), which has subsequentially sparked the revival and expedited review of promising monoclonal antibody immunotherapies that target Aβ. In this review, we explore the development of Aβ and tau peptide vaccines and immunotherapies with monoclonal antibodies in clinical trials against AD.