bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility study of underbalanced drilling using geomechanical parameters and finite element method
Authors: Larki Ehsan , Ayatizadeh Tanha Abbas , Khosravi Mohammad , Fazaeilzadeh Mohammad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWellbore instability causes main concerns in the oil and gas industry due to personnel safety and overall expenditure. Several signs such as wellbore spalling, the rate of penetration reduction, pipes sticking, well unnatural wash out, wellbore collapsing, induce fracture could indicate wellbore instability during drilling. A balance between stress concentration near the wellbore and rock strength is the primary condition for a wellbore stability during drilling. Thus, instability due to the failure of wellbore rocks occurs when the intensity of the effective stress exceeds rock strength. In underbalanced drilling (UBD), the wellbore is considered unstable since no pressure or maybe not enough pressure is applied on the well from the drilling fluid, and the pore pressure is considered undesirable stress on the wellbore, so the difference between these two pressures is applied on the wellbore. Consequently, the wellbore instability issue in the UBD approach is of great importance. UBD is mainly used to reduce the damage to geological formation and the risk of drilling fluid loss while increasing the drilling rate. This study has investigated the stability of a well in Iranian Oilfield using FLAC software considering yielded regions (plastic) for different mud weights. The investigation and analysis of the FLAC output plots, especially the plasticity plot, concluded that the ideal and optimal pressure for applying UBD conditions while also ensuring wellbore stability ranges 15.2–16.8 MPa.
Mulberry Diels–Alder-type adducts: isolation, structure, bioactivity, and synthesis
Authors: Luo Si-Yuan , Zhu Jun-Yu , Zou Ming-Feng , Yin Sheng , Tang Gui-Hua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMulberry Diels–Alder-type adducts (MDAAs) are unique phenolic natural products biosynthetically derived from the intermolecular [4 + 2]-cycloaddition of dienophiles (mainly chalcones) and dehydroprenylphenol dienes, which are exclusively distributed in moraceous plants. A total of 166 MDAAs with diverse skeletons have been isolated and identified since 1980. Structurally, the classic MDAAs characterized by the chalcone-skeleton dienophiles can be divided into eight groups (Types A − H), while others with non-chalcone dienophiles or some variations of classic MDAAs are non-classic MDAAs (Type I). These compounds have attracted significant attention of natural products and synthetic chemists due to their complex architectures, remarkable biological activities, and synthetic challenges. The present review provides a comprehensive summary of the structural properties, bioactivities, and syntheses of MDAAs. Cited references were collected between 1980 and 2021 from the SciFinder, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI).
Graphical Abstract
Basic needs satisfaction during a teaching practicum: an intraindividual perspective on preservice teachers’ motivation and interindividual associations to mentoring
Authors: Jähne Miriam F. , Dehne Mathias , Klaß Susi , Gröschner Alexander 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLearning in a teaching practicum is highly intraindividual. However, to date, this dynamic process has been investigated mainly through trait-like, interindividual (between-person) statistics, whereas a state-like intraindividual (within-person) perspective, especially regarding motivation, has been rarely applied. This study aimed to disentangle the basic needs of 115 preservice teachers into their trait-like, interindividual and state-like, intraindividual proportions using biweekly measurement occasions. This analytical approach allowed us to relate preservice teachers’ situational basic needs satisfaction to specific learning occasions in the practicum. Applying a random intercept cross-lagged panel model, we found generally few carry-over effects from measurement occasion to measurement occasion. Furthermore, negative cross-lagged interrelations between competence and autonomy as well as competence and relatedness were found at the beginning of the teaching practicum. School mentoring predicted the general satisfaction of all three basic needs. Implications of this new analytical perspective for further research are discussed.
Are vertical jumps able to predict 24-month follow-up functional geriatric assessment in a healthy community-dwelling older cohort?
Authors: Diekmann Rebecca , Hellmers Sandra , Lau Sandra , Heinks Andrea , Elgert Lena , Bauer Juergen M. , Zieschang Tania , Hein Andreas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
When older adults fall below the thresholds of functional geriatric assessment (FGA), they may already be at risk of mobility impairment. A reduction in (jumping) power could be an indication of functional decline, one of the main risk factors for falls.

Objective
This paper explores whether six-month delta (∆) values of muscle power can predict 24-month follow-up FGA in older adults.

Methods
This observational study of independent, healthy, high-performing community-dwelling adults aged 70 + years involved FGA (mobility, balance, and endurance tests) at baseline (t0), after 6 months (t1), and after 24 months (t2); maximum jumping power (max JP) was determined at t0 and t1. A predictive linear model was developed in which the percentage change of Δmax JP0,1 was transferred to all FGA (t0) values. The results were compared with measured FGA values at t2 via sensitivity and specificity in terms of the clinically meaningful change (CMC) or the minimal detectable change (MDC).

Results
In 176 individuals (60% female, mean age 75.3 years) the mean percentage (SD) between predicted and measured FGA ranged between 0.4 (51.3) and 18.11 (51.9). Sensitivity to identify the CMC or MDC of predicted FGA tests at t2 ranged between 17.6% (Timed up and go) and 75.0% (5-times-chair-rise) in a test-to-test comparison and increased to 97.6% considering clinically conspicuousness on global FGA.

Conclusion
The potential of jumping power to predict single tests of FGA was low regarding sensitivity and specificity of CMC (or MDC). 6 months Δmax JP seem to be suitable for predicting physical function, if the measured and predicted tests were not compared at the test level, but globally, in the target group in the long term.
Missing Race and Ethnicity Data among COVID-19 Cases in Massachusetts
Authors: Spangler Keith R. , Levy Jonathan I. , Fabian M. Patricia , Haley Beth M. , Carnes Fei , Patil Prasad , Tieskens Koen , Klevens R. Monina , Erdman Elizabeth A. , Troppy T. Scott , Leibler Jessica H. , Lane Kevin J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Infectious disease surveillance frequently lacks complete information on race and ethnicity, making it difficult to identify health inequities. Greater awareness of this issue has occurred due to the COVID-19 pandemic, during which inequities in cases, hospitalizations, and deaths were reported but with evidence of substantial missing demographic details. Although the problem of missing race and ethnicity data in COVID-19 cases has been well documented, neither its spatiotemporal variation nor its particular drivers have been characterized. Using individual-level data on confirmed COVID-19 cases in Massachusetts from March 2020 to February 2021, we show how missing race and ethnicity data: (1) varied over time, appearing to increase sharply during two different periods of rapid case growth; (2) differed substantially between towns, indicating a nonrandom distribution; and (3) was associated significantly with several individual- and town-level characteristics in a mixed-effects regression model, suggesting a combination of personal and infrastructural drivers of missing data that persisted despite state and federal data-collection mandates. We discuss how a variety of factors may contribute to persistent missing data but could potentially be mitigated in future contexts.
Dynamic scheduling for semiconductor manufacturing systems with uncertainties using convolutional neural networks and reinforcement learning
Authors: Liu Juan , Qiao Fei , Zou Minjie , Zinn Jonas , Ma Yumin , Vogel-Heuser Birgit 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe dynamic scheduling problem of semiconductor manufacturing systems (SMSs) is becoming more complicated and challenging due to internal uncertainties and external demand changes. To this end, this paper addresses integrated release control and production scheduling problems with uncertain processing times and urgent orders and proposes a convolutional neural network and asynchronous advanced actor critic-based method (CNN-A3C) that involves a training phase and a deployment phase. In the training phase, actor–critic networks are trained to predict the evaluation of scheduling decisions and to output the optimal scheduling decision. In the deployment phase, the most appropriate release control and scheduling decisions are periodically generated according to the current production status based on the networks. Furthermore, we improve the four key points in the deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm, state space, action space, reward function, and network structure and design four mechanisms: a slide-window-based two-dimensional state perception mechanism, an adaptive reward function that considers multiple objectives and automatically adjusts to dynamic events, a continuous action space based on composite dispatching rules (CDR) and release strategies, and actor–critic networks based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed dynamic scheduling method, it is implemented on a simplified SMS. The simulation experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the unimproved A3C-based method and the common dispatching rules under the new uncertain scenarios.
On the similarity measures of N-cubic Pythagorean fuzzy sets using the overlapping ratio
Authors: Shumrani Mohammed A. Al , Gulistan Muhammad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe similarity measures are essential concepts to discuss the closeness between sets. Fuzzy similarity measures and intuitionistic fuzzy similarity measures dealt with the incomplete and inconsistent data more efficiently. With time in decision-making theory, a complex frame of the environment that occurs cannot be specified entirely by these sets. A generalization like the Pythagorean fuzzy set can handle such a situation more efficiently. The applicability of this set attracted the researchers to generalize it into N-Pythagorean, interval-valued N-Pythagorean, and N-cubic Pythagorean sets. For this purpose, first, we define the overlapping ratios of N-interval valued Pythagorean and N-Pythagorean fuzzy sets. In addition, we define similarity measures in these sets. We applied this proposed measure for comparison analysis of plagiarism software.
Non-linear Isolator for Vibration and Force Transmission Control of Unbalanced Rotating Machines
Authors: Dal Bo Loris , Gardonio Paolo , Battistella Nicola , Turco Emanuele 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this paper is to investigate with simulations how non-linear spring and non-linear damper components of isolators can be employed to effectively reduce both the oscillations and the force transmitted to ground in the whole spinning range of unbalanced rotating machines.

Methods
The principal goal of this paper is twofold. First, to present a concise and consistent formulation based on the harmonic balance approach for the vibration response of spinning machines mounted on linear/non-linear, softening/hardening, un-tensioned/pre-tensioned springs and linear/non-linear dampers. Second, to provide a comprehensive overview of the vibration and force transmission control with non-linear isolators specifically tailored to unbalanced machines.

Results
The study has shown that, the best vibration isolation is provided by a pre-tensioned linear and cubic softening spring combined with a linear and negative quadratic damper. The pre-tensioned spring should be designed in such a way as it holds the weight of the machine and thus produces on the vibrating machine a symmetric elastic restoring force proportional to the linear and cubic powers of the displacement. The cubic softening stiffness should then be tuned to minimise the frequency, and thus the amplitude, of the resonant response of the fundamental mode of the machine and elastic suspension system, while preserving stability and a desired static deflection. In parallel, to reduce the force transmission to ground above the fundamental resonance frequency, the negative quadratic damping effect should be tailored to maximize the energy absorption at higher frequencies.

Conclusion
The study has shown that non-linear spring and non-linear damper components can be effectively employed to control the vibration and force transmission in the whole spinning range of the machine. In particular, a pre-tensioned softening cubic non-linear spring can be used to mitigate the vibration and force transmission at low frequencies, close to the fundamental natural frequencies of the elastically suspended machine. Also, a negative quadratic non-linear damper can be used to tailor the energy dissipation of the isolator in such a way as to have high damping at low frequencies and low damping at higher frequencies, which enhances the vibration and force transmission control at low frequencies and, rather importantly, mitigates the force transmission at higher frequencies.
Auditing of AI in Railway Technology – a European Legal Approach
Authors: Gesmann-Nuissl Dagmar , Kunitz Stephan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) promises major gains in productivity, safety and convenience through automation. Despite the associated euphoria, care needs to be taken to ensure that no immature, unsafe products enter the market, especially in high-risk areas. Artificial intelligence systems are therefore to be integrated into the European Union’s existing product safety system by the planned AI regulation. This is accomplished by horizontally linking the draft AI regulation (AI-Act) with the existing harmonizing legal acts that ensure the safety of products and provide for a complex system of approval and testing concepts for this purpose. The railway sector is no exception, which is why potential AI systems for monitoring tracks or simple and accurate train detection are also subject to this approval regime. The following article highlights the challenges that exist in the railway sector on the path to verifiable AI systems in this regulatory context.
Genitourinary and Sexual Symptoms and Treatments in Transfeminine Individuals: A Qualitative Exploration of Patients’ Needs
Authors: Chung Paul H. , Swaminathan Vishal , Spigner Sabina T. , Leong Joon Yau , Bulafka Jessica , Frasso Rosemary 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionMedical providers may not be familiar with the genitourinary and sexual symptoms of transgender and non-binary (TGNB) individuals. This lack of familiarity may hinder a provider's ability to address these issues as patients may hesitate to report symptoms due to fear of stigma, misgendering, and being treated disrespectfully.AimTo describe the array of genitourinary and sexual symptoms in transfeminine individuals.MethodsUpon institutional review board approval, researchers used semi-structured interviews with 25 transfeminine individuals assigned male at birth to explore urinary and sexual symptoms on a sample of convenience. Participants were recruited and interviews were conducted until saturation was achieved. Two research assistants independently coded all de-identified transcripts and resolved discrepancies.OutcomesThematic codes pertaining to genitourinary and sexual symptoms were defined and assessed in this study.ResultsSome genitourinary symptoms unrelated to hormone therapy or genital gender-affirming surgery (GGAS) included frequency, urgency, nocturia, and incontinence, while those attributed to GGAS included slow stream, spraying, and retention. Sexual symptoms unrelated to hormone therapy or GGAS included sexually transmitted infections, erectile dysfunction, and low libido. Sexual symptoms related to GGAS included delayed ejaculation, penile pain, scar tissue pain, and pain with receptive vaginal penetration.Clinical ImplicationsIncreased provider awareness of and accountability for the treatment of genital and sexual symptoms of transfeminine individuals.Strengths and LimitationsOpen-ended questions were used to generate a range of responses and perspectives through conversation instead of quantifiable data. Findings are not applicable to all TGNB people since participants were limited to transfeminine adults assigned male at birth only. Recruitment was limited by the sensitive nature of the topic and hard-to-reach populations and relied on convenience through flyers and a chain-referral sampling approach.ConclusionTransfeminine individuals experience a wide array of genitourinary and sexual symptoms both similar and different to their cis gender counterparts.
Stability conditions for contraction algebras
Authors: August Jenny , Wemyss Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper gives a description of the full space of Bridgeland stability conditions on the bounded derived category of a contraction algebra associated to a$3$-fold flop. The main result is that the stability manifold is the universal cover of a naturally associated hyperplane arrangement, which is known to be simplicial and in special cases is an ADE root system. There are four main corollaries: (1) a short proof of the faithfulness of pure braid group actions in both algebraic and geometric settings, the first that avoid normal forms; (2) a classification of tilting complexes in the derived category of a contraction algebra; (3) contractibility of the stability spaceassociated to the flop; and (4) a new proof of the$K(\unicode{x3c0} \,,1)$-theorem in various finite settings, which includes ADE braid groups.
Clinical, microbiological, and genomic characteristics of clade-III Candida auris colonization and infection in southern California, 2019–2022
Authors: de St. Maurice Annabelle , Parti Urvashi , Anikst Victoria E. , Harper Thomas , Mirasol Ruel , Dayo Ayrton J. , Garner Omai B. , Prabaker Kavitha K. , Yang Shangxin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground:Candida auris is an emerging fungal pathogen causing outbreaks in healthcare facilities. Five distinctive genomic clades exhibit clade-unique characteristics, highlighting the importance of real-time genomic surveillance and incorporating genotypic information to inform infection prevention practices and treatment algorithms.Methods:Both active and passive surveillance were used to screen hospitalized patients. C. auris polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay on inguinal-axillary swabs was performed on high-risk patients upon admission. All clinical yeast isolates were identified to the species level. C. auris isolates were characterized by both phenotypic antifungal susceptibility tests and whole-genome sequencing.Results:From late 2019 to early 2022, we identified 45 patients with C. auris. Most had a tracheostomy or were from a facility with a known outbreak. Moreover, 7 patients (15%) were only identified through passive surveillance. Also, 8 (18%) of the patients had a history of severe COVID-19. The overall mortality was 18%. Invasive C. auris infections were identified in 13 patients (29%), 9 (69%) of whom had bloodstream infections. Patients with invasive infection were more likely to have a central line. All C. auris isolates were resistant to fluconazole but susceptible to echinocandins. Genomic analysis showed that 1 dominant clade-III lineage is circulating in Los Angeles, with very limited intrahost and interhost genetic diversity.Conclusions:We have demonstrated that a robust C. auris surveillance program can be established using both active and passive surveillance, with multidisciplinary efforts involving the microbiology laboratory and the hospital epidemiology team. In Los Angeles County, C. auris strains are highly related and echinocandins should be used for empiric therapy.
Advancing theorizing about fast-and-slow thinking
Authors: De Neys Wim 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Human reasoning is often conceived as an interplay between a more intuitive and deliberate thought process. In the last 50 years, influential fast-and-slow dual-process models that capitalize on this distinction have been used to account for numerous phenomena – from logical reasoning biases, over prosocial behavior, to moral decision making. The present paper clarifies that despite the popularity, critical assumptions are poorly conceived. My critique focuses on two interconnected foundational issues: the exclusivity and switch feature. The exclusivity feature refers to the tendency to conceive intuition and deliberation as generating unique responses such that one type of response is assumed to be beyond the capability of the fast-intuitive processing mode. I review the empirical evidence in key fields and show that there is no solid ground for such exclusivity. The switch feature concerns the mechanism by which a reasoner can decide to shift between more intuitive and deliberate processing. I present an overview of leading switch accounts and show that they are conceptually problematic – precisely because they presuppose exclusivity. I build on these insights to sketch the groundwork for a more viable dual-process architecture and illustrate how it can set a new research agenda to advance the field in the coming years.
Occurrence patterns of the endangered Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata in north-east Argentina: only in savannahs and at sites away from roads
Authors: Reales Fabricio , Dardanelli Sebastián , Frutos Antonio E. , Lammertink Martjan 
Published: September 2022

Summary
The endangered Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata is under pressure from habitat loss and from capturing for the cage bird trade. In north-east Argentina it is known to be associated with the Espinal ecoregion, but no information was available on habitat selection within this ecoregion. In Entre Ríos province, Argentina, we first sampled Yellow Cardinal presence in four environments: Espinal savannahs, Espinal open woodlands, riparian woodlands, and agricultural fields. Yellow Cardinals were only detected in savannahs. In a second set of surveys, transects were surveyed at sites with known presence of Yellow Cardinals and were placed within savannahs as well as nearby in open forests of only slightly different physiognomy. Yellow Cardinals were again only detected in savannahs. Tree density, shrub cover and height of herbaceous layer were lower in savannahs than in open woodlands. Ground-foraging Yellow Cardinals in savannahs foraged exclusively in grass patches with short grass of 3˗12 cm height. Such short grass occurred in 75% of spots of savannahs sites, but only in 48% of open woodlands. Savannah sites with Yellow Cardinals were significantly further away from permanent roads than sites without Cardinals, likely a reflection of capture pressure near roads. We recommend establishing additional protected areas with a high proportion of savannah patches and with limited or no road access. The short grass used by foraging Yellow Cardinals requires maintenance through grazing. Rewilding with native herbivores in protected areas is preferable to attain natural herbivory, but during the initial stages of rewilding, cattle and sheep grazing are essential to avoid tree and shrub proliferation in savannahs. The Yellow Cardinal can also persist on private lands with Espinal vegetation under sustainable livestock grazing. Frequent and effective patrolling and road controls are essential to reduce illegal capturing.