bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quick‐switch inspection scheme based on the overall process capability index for modern industrial web‐based processing environment
Authors: Wang To‐Cheng , Hsu Bi‐Min , Shu Ming‐Hung 
Published: January 2022

AbstractToday, in Industry 4.0 and sensor‐rich environments, web‐based processing, and cloud computing have played significant roles in the quality systems designed to ensure product quality and reliability. Among quality validation technologies, variables acceptance sampling plans are essential tools in supply chain channels, where the variables quick‐switch sampling (VQSS) system is among the efficient schemes. The VQSS system comprises normal and tightened inspections that can provide a dynamic adjusting mechanism for lot disposition. Recently, the VQSS system regulated on process capability indices (PCIs) has been developed to integrate consumers' requirements into manufacturing processes. Unfortunately, the existing PCI‐based VQSS systems only consider a single, critical quality characteristic of the product. With advanced sensor technologies, cost‐efficiently measuring multiple quality characteristics (MQCs) has become a reality in today's manufacturing environments. Therefore, in this article, we emphasize developing the VQSS system with MQCs according to the overall PCI for lot disposition. By comparing the existing sampling plans, the proposed overall PCI‐based VQSS system can reduce the required sample size significantly. The results also demonstrate that the proposed system can accommodate both normal and tightened inspections' strengths to obtain a superior lot‐discrimination power. Furthermore, we have developed web‐based architecture and tools for practitioners to execute our proposed system efficiently in the cloud. They can be used to construct automation and semi‐automation applications for the lot disposition, which is appropriate in Industry 4.0 environments. Finally, a case of ultra‐mini chip resistors is illustrated to demonstrate the applicability of our designed VQSS system.
The us in reUSe. Theorizing the how and why of the circular economy
Authors: Figge Frank , Thorpe Andrea Stevenson , Manzhynski Siarhei , Gutberlet Melissa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDespite considerable interest into circular economy, it remains undertheorized and underdeveloped. In response, this article advances circular economy by drawing on two theories to explain how firms can increase the circularity of resource use and why they are incentivized to do so. We refer to Modern Portfolio Theory to link the resource use of individual companies to the resource use of a group of firms. In doing so, we show how—and under which conditions—resource use decreases when circulated at the group level. We then refer to principles from evolutionary biology to explain why it is beneficial to structure resource flows at the group level, even when the resource‐reducing effect might not materialize for individual firms. In combining both perspectives we challenge entrenched ways of “doing” circular economy: We offer an integrated theoretical approach that helps inform managers' decision‐making on circular resource use in practice.
Feasibility of 3.5 mm C2 pedicle screws in children: A computerized tomography analysis
Authors: Chen Jiarui , Cen Jiemei , Ma Teng , Du Yuwang , Liang Tuo , Liao Shian , Yu Chaojie , Sun Xuhua , Li Jiakun , Jiang Jie , Chen Tianyou , Li Hao , Chen Wuhua , Ye Zhen , Yao Yuanlin , Guo Hao , Zhan Xinli , Liu Chong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThere have been no studies with large sample sizes on growth of the pedicle of C2 in children. In the present study we measured the pedicle of C2 through computed tomography (CT) imaging in children aged less than 14 years and evaluated the suitability of the 3.5‐mm screw for the pedicle in such children. The study was conducted on CT morphometric images of 420 children in our hospital between June 2018 and June 2020. The width (D1), length (D2), height (D3), inclination angle (α), and tail angle (β) of the C2 pedicle were measured. One‐way analysis of variance and Student's t test were used for statistical analyses. The least‐square method was used to analyze the curve fitting the trend of anatomical change in the pedicle. The largest degree of goodness of fit determined the best‐fitting curve. The size of the pedicle of C2 increased with age. The median ranges of D1, D2, D3, α, and β were 3.312–5.431 mm, 11.732–23.645 mm, 3.597–8.038 mm, 32.583°–36.640°, and 24.867°–31.567°, respectively. The curves fitting the trends of D1 and D3 were power functions, whereas D2 was fitted by a logarithmic curve. However, no curve fitted α or β. A 3.5‐mm screw can be placed in the pedicle of C2 in children aged more than 1 year. The growth and development trend of this pedicle can provide an anatomical reference for deciding on posterior cervical surgery and for selecting and designing pedicle screws for children.
Small group learning/assessment sessions: A method using test enhanced learning to increase engagement in a basic medical science neuroanatomy course
Authors: Nolan Michael F. , McNamara John P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrevious research has shown that test‐enhanced learning with structured feedback facilitates durable learning. We describe a small group learning/assessment activity using these approaches intended to increase engagement and engagement with the course material. We divided our class into six groups of seven students each that worked together in the activity. During each weekly session, course related multiple choice questions were projected and each group instructed to work independently to arrive at a consensus answer for each question. After each question is considered, a faculty facilitator then randomly selects one group to share their choice with the other groups and provide and rationale for their choice. A different group or groups are then called upon to share their choice. When differences emerge, the instructor then facilitates discussion among the groups in an effort to resolve confusion or incomplete or incorrect understanding that becomes evident. We found that attendance for these sessions was greater than for the more traditional lecture based session also included in the course and that students were actively engaged in this learning activity. The success of the small group learning/assessment session is dependent on several factors including the difficulty of the questions and their relatedness to the course objectives, the timing and placement of the session or sessions within the course and the skill of the faculty facilitator in encouraging active participation while ensuring a safe environment in which students can openly share their sometimes incomplete or incorrect understanding of the material.
Three‐year survival of transcatheter versus surgical aortic valve replacement in dialysis
Authors: Ogami Takuya , Kurlansky Paul , Takayama Hiroo , Ning Yuming , Zimmermann Eric , Zhu Roger C. , Ali Ziad A. , Nazif Tamim M. , Vahl Torsten P. , Avgerinos Dimitrios V. , Smith Craig R. , Leon Martin B. , Kodali Susheel K. , George Isaac 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo highlight the trends of surgical (open) aortic valve replacement (SAVR) as well as to compare the outcome between transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and SAVR in elderly dialysis patients. TAVR has evolved as an effective alternative to surgery (SAVR) for aortic stenosis. We identified dialysis‐dependent patients who underwent SAVR or TAVR from 2000 to 2015 from the United States Renal Data System using ICD‐9 codes. We defined high‐risk surgical patients as age over 70 or older. The primary endpoint was survival at 3 years and we compared the outcome between SAVR and TAVR groups using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). A total of 4332 and 1280 dialysis patients underwent SAVR and TAVR, respectively, during the study period. Among SAVR cohort, 3312 patients underwent SAVR before June 2012 and 1020 after June 2012. In‐hospital mortality was significantly worse before 2012 (14.6% vs. 11.3% after 2012, p = 0.007) as well as estimated 3‐year mortality (69.1% vs. 60.3% after 2012, p < 0.001). After June 2012, the TAVR cohort was older and had more comorbidities including coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure compared to the SAVR cohort. After IPTW, in‐hospital mortality was significantly lower after TAVR versus SAVR (odds ratio 0.38 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27–0.52], p < 0.001). However, TAVR had a significantly higher risk of 3‐year mortality than SAVR (hazard ratio 1.24 [95% CI 1.1–1.39], p < 0.001). TAVR may be a reasonable and potentially preferable alternative to SAVR in the elderly dialysis population in the short‐term period.
Overview of FDA Circulatory System Devices Panel virtual meeting on TriGUARD 3 cerebral embolic protection
Authors: Aladin Amer I. , Case Brian C. , Wermers Jason P. , Rogers Toby , Waksman Ron 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDespite advances in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) technology, periprocedural stroke remains a complication of TAVR procedures. The TriGUARD 3 device is designed to be positioned in the aortic arch to deflect debris away from the brachiocephalic, left common carotid, and left subclavian arteries during TAVR. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) assembled the Circulatory System Devices Panel to review safety and effectiveness data for the TriGUARD 3 device. Because of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, this meeting was held virtually. In this manuscript, we summarize the data presented by both the sponsor and FDA, as well as the panel discussion.
Peroxidase‐Mimetic Copper‐Doped Carbon‐Dots for Oxidative Stress‐Mediated Broad‐Spectrum and Efficient Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Wang Yuhui , Yao Jiechen , Cao Zhanglei , Fu Pan , Deng Chen , Yan Shifeng , Shi Shuai , Zheng Jianping 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) have recently emerged as antibacterial agents and have attracted considerable attention owing to their fascinating merits of small size, facile fabrication, and surface functionalization. Most of them are involved in external light activation or hybridization with other functional nanomaterials. Herein, we present peroxidase‐like Cu‐doped CDs (Cu‐CDs) for in vitro antibacterial applications. The unique peroxidase‐mimicking property of the Cu‐CDs was demonstrated by tetramethylbenzidine chromogenic assay, electron paramagnetic resonance spectra, and hydroxy radical probe. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were chosen as representative gram‐negative/positive models against which Cu‐CDs exhibited superior antimicrobial activity even at a dosage down to 5 μg/mL. A possible mechanism of action was that the Cu‐CDs triggered a catalytic redox reaction of endogenous H2O2 and glutathione depletion in the bacteria cells, with subsequent oxidative stress and membrane disruption. This work provides a new strategy for the design of microenvironment‐responsive antimicrobial nano‐agents.
Peptide‐Catalyzed Stereoselective Conjugate Addition Reaction of Aldehydes to C‐Substituted Maleimides
Authors: Vastakaite Greta , Grünenfelder Claudio E. , Wennemers Helma 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCatalytic stereoselective additions with maleimides are useful one‐step reactions to yield chiral succinimides, molecules that are widespread among therapeutically active compounds but challenging to prepare when the maleimide is C‐substituted. We present the tripeptide H‐Pro‐Pro‐Asp‐NHC12H25 as a catalyst for conjugate addition reactions between aldehydes and C‐substituted maleimides to form succinimides with three contiguous stereogenic centers in high yields and stereoselectivities. The peptidic catalyst is so chemoselective that no protecting group is needed at the imide nitrogen of the maleimides. Derivatization of the succinimides was straightforward and provided access to chiral pyrrolidines, lactones, and lactams. Kinetic studies, including a Hammett plot, provided detailed insight into the reaction mechanism.
Photocatalytic Activity of Radial Rutile Titanium(IV) Oxide Microspheres for Aerobic Oxidation of Organics
Authors: Kojima Ryota , Ohtani Bunsho , Tada Hiroaki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the group of Prof. Hiroaki Tada (Kindai University, Japan). The image shows the open route for multiple oxygen reduction reaction in radial rutile TiO2‐nanorod microsphere by the surface modification with iron oxide clusters. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/cphc.202100793.
Constructing Soluble Anthracene‐Based Blue Emitters Free of Electrically Inert Alkyl Chains for Efficient Evaporation‐ and Solution‐Based OLEDs
Authors: Noda Taito , Sasabe Hisahiro , Owada Tsukasa , Sugiyama Ryo , Arai Ayato , Kumada Kengo , Tsuneyama Hisaki , Saito Yu , Kido Junji 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAnthracene derivatives are one of the most promising blue emitters employed in organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs) because of their electrochemical and thermal stabilities. However, their high crystallinity owing to their large π‐planar structures severely impedes the progress in the development of solution‐based systems. In this work, we developed two types of highly soluble multifunctional anthracene derivatives terminated with ortho‐biphenyl and triphenylamine moieties and showed high solubility in general organic solvents such as toluene, tetrahydrofuran, and cyclohexanone at high concentrations (>10 mg mL−1), and showed blue emission with a peak wavelength of ∼465 nm and a high photoluminescence quantum yield that ranges up to 81 %. Notably, these emitters are suitable for fabricating both evaporation‐ and solution‐based systems. The evaporation‐based system OLED achieved a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 5.4 %. While the solution‐processed system realized 4.8 %, exhibiting the best performance among the anthracene‐based solution‐processed OLEDs so far.
Identification of a specific immunophenotype associated with a consistent pattern of genetic mutations including SRFS2 and gene expression profile in MDS
Authors: Weiß Elisabeth , Walter Wencke , Meggendorfer Manja , Baer Constance , Haferlach Claudia , Haferlach Torsten , Kern Wolfgang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of diseases classified by comprehensive diagnostics. Identification of homogeneous subgroups is desirable to understand differences in clinical course and to develop targeted treatment approaches. We identified a specific CD11b/CD16 expression pattern in granulocytes associated with reduced CD45 expression in myeloid progenitor cells (MPC) in MDS cases and assessed its genetic background by whole genome (WGS) and whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS).MethodsThe cohort consisted of 32 MDS cases with the specific aberrant immunophenotype. Since all these 32 cases were found to be SRSF2 mutated additional 51 SRSF2 mutated MDS cases without this specific immunophenotype were selected as controls. For all cases WGS and WTS were performed.ResultsThe immunophenotype newly identified in SRSF2 mutated MDS patients is characterized (1) by a specific maturation pattern, i.e. an increase of CD11b expression without CD16 expression followed by an increase in CD16 expression without further CD11b expression and (2) by only dim CD45 expression of MPC. STAG2 mutations were exclusively found in MDS cases with the specific immunophenotype (17/32, 53% vs. 0%, p < 0.001). Hence, >50% of cases with the specific immunophenotype were characterized by co‐mutations in SRSF2 and STAG2. In addition, cluster analysis revealed a specific gene expression profile of such cases.ConclusionWe here for the first time describe a specific immunophenotype which defines MDS cases with SRSF2 mutations and a consistent and specific mutational and gene expression profile. This comprehensive data warrants analysis of further such cases to assess the feasibility of defining a new sub‐entity of MDS.
Designing and implementing a novel graduate program to develop transdisciplinary leaders in urban sustainability
Authors: Wallen Megan M. , Guerra‐Lopez Ingrid , Meroueh Louay , Mohamed Rayman , Sankar Andrea , Sopory Pradeep , Watkins Ryan , Kashian Donna R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUrban settings, where >50% of the world's population resides, are increasingly faced with environmental challenges that threaten their sustainability. Aging infrastructure, water and air pollution, and increasing recognition of environmental injustices highlight the need for professionals to employ complex scientific reasoning across disciplines where they can effectively address the multifaceted issues of urban sustainability. Here we present an innovative model for preparing the next generation of public, private, and academic leaders to address complex problems in urban sustainability. Specifically, we outline the design and implementation of an integrated, adaptable graduate training program, with the goals of science leadership, curriculum relevancy, community impact, broader applicability, establishing a career development pathway in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) programs, and program sustainability. This program addresses human‐ecosystem challenges using a transdisciplinary approach to produce scientific products in partnership with local communities, businesses, industries, scientists, and policy makers, while providing a mechanism to understand and overcome contemporary societal and ecological challenges. Students receive rigorous training in their home disciplines, coupled with training across disciplinary lines and developmental experiences, to prepare them to communicate, collaborate, and innovate in a variety of contexts. Training success is evaluated across measurable competency domains including problem definition, research methods, communication, collaboration, and problem‐solving. After 3 years the program expanded relationships across fields and professions, successfully established 18 internship opportunities with community partners, created a new dual‐title PhD program open to students in five academic departments, and facilitated the coproduction of knowledge with external partners. This model bridges the gaps between research, education, and application, providing an integrated, rigorous graduate training program that fosters collaborative problem‐solving between STEM graduate students and the broader community of professionals conducting sustainability work in a postindustrial urban setting.
Landscape structure is a major driver of plant and arthropod diversity in natural European forest fragments
Authors: Gallé Róbert , Tölgyesi Csaba , Császár Péter , Bátori Zoltán , Gallé‐Szpisjak Nikolett , Kaur Hardeep , Maák István , Torma Attila , Batáry Péter 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDisentangling the effects of different landscape and local attributes on the biota of habitat patches is often challenging. In Central European forest‐steppe ecosystems the high number of forest fragments and the relatively homogenous matrix between them offer the opportunity to disentangle the effects of habitat size and landscape structure (both landscape composition and landscape configuration) on plant and arthropod biodiversity. We selected 40 forest fragments: 20 forest fragments in extensive, dry, sandy forest‐steppe region and 20 fragments in a mesic forest‐steppe region of Hungary. We classified the detected plant and arthropod species according to their habitat association as forest specialist species or open habitat species. We then tested the effect of fragment size, landscape composition, and landscape configuration on their species richness and abundances. We found that increasing forest fragment size, forest habitat amount, and forest edge length had in general positive effects on forest spider abundance, but negative on open‐habitat arthropod abundances and plant species richness, varying a little among the studied taxa. Most interestingly, the effects of fragment size were often moderated by both landscape composition and landscape configuration, as well as habitat association of species. The fragment size effect was more pronounced in landscapes with low forest habitat amount having positive effects on forest spiders and negative effects on open‐habitat plants. An effective conservation strategy should take into account not only the presence of forest fragments, but also the size and configuration as well as the connectivity of forest fragments, to maximize diversity benefits of forest patches.
Exploring discrepancies between in situ phenology and remotely derived phenometrics at NEON sites
Authors: Donnelly Alison , Yu Rong , Jones Katherine , Belitz Michael , Li Bonan , Duffy Katharyn , Zhang Xiaoyang , Wang Jianmin , Seyednasrollah Bijan , Gerst Katherine L. , Li Daijiang , Kaddoura Youssef , Zhu Kai , Morisette Jeffrey , Ramey Colette , Smith Kathleen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn recent decades, the use of satellite sensors, near‐surface cameras, and other remote methods for monitoring vegetation phenology at landscape and higher scales has become increasingly common. These technologies provide a means to determine the timing of phenophases and growing season length at different spatial resolutions; coverage that is not attainable by human observers. However, in situ ground observations are required to validate remotely derived phenometrics. Despite increased knowledge and expertise there still remains the persistent challenge of reconciling ground observations at the individual plant level with remotely sensed (RS) phenometrics at landscape or larger scales. We compared the timing of in situ phenophase estimates (spring and autumn) with a range of corresponding remote sensing (moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer [MODIS], visible infrared imaging radiometer suite [VIIRS], PhenoCam) phenometrics across five terrestrial sites in the United States' NEON (Harvard Forest [MA] [HARV], Onaqui [UT] [ONAQ], Abby Road [WA] [ABBY], Disney Wilderness Preserve [FL] [DSNY], and Ordway‐Swisher Biological Station [FL] [OSBS]) focusing on the 3‐year period from 2017 to 2019. Our main objective was to explore potential reasons for the observed discrepancies between in situ and RS phenometrics and to determine which technologies were better able to capture ground observations. Statistically significant relationships were strongest (p < 0.001) for spring phenophases, while the only RS phenometrics significantly correlated with in situ estimates of autumn phenophases were leaf fall (p < 0.01) and leaves (p < 0.000). In particular, root mean square error (RMSE) (mean bias error [MBE]) for MODIS‐Enhanced Vegetation Index‐2 band (EVI2), VIIRS‐EVI2, and PhenoCam‐green chromatic coordinate (GCC) derived early spring transition dates indicated overall differences of 21.7 days (−4.6 days), 28.4 days (−1.2 days), and 24.1 days (11.9 days) from in situ estimates of early leaf‐out dates. In autumn, RMSE/MBE was smallest (10.9 days/−2.2 days) between phenesse estimates (95th percentile date) of the latest date of in situ leaf fall and VIIRS derived end of senescence, compared to the equivalent phenometric derived from MODIS (13.5 days/7.7 days) and PhenoCam (GCC greenness‐falling) (13.8 days/−5.1 days). Overall, discrepancies between in situ and RS phenology related to scale, species availability, and the short duration of the time series (3 years). However, as the NEON project progresses these challenges are expected to be reduced as more data become available.