bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adequacy of post-surgical histopathology reports from a single center large cohort with differentiated thyroid cancer: The most important building block defining the management
Authors: Polat Sefika Burcak , Turan Kubra , İnce Nurcan , Topaloglu Oya , Ersoy Reyhan , Kilicarslan Aydan , Cakir Bekir 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
DTC is a group of malignant neoplasms composed of papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular carcinoma and poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Postsurgical histopathology enables the clinician to make the definitive staging and risk classification to determine the need for further treatments. Our primary outcome was to evaluate the adequacy of our center’s histopathology reports in large cohort of DTC patients. Our center is a high-volume tertiary center in our country specialized for DTCs with great experience. Data of 2114 patients were analyzed, 1407 patients who were operated in our center were included in the study. Maximum dimension of the tumor was absent in 2 (0.14%) patients, histological subtype was not reported in 688 (48.61%), the surgical margin was absent in 249 (17.69%). Of 153 patients with lymph node metastases, the size of the metastatic lymph node was not reported in 61 (39.86%) patients. Information on the number of involved lymph nodes, extranodal extension in the lymph node, and the size of the metastatic foci in the lymph nodes were missing in 4 patients (2.63%), 64 patients (42.10%), and 91 patients (59.47%), respectively. In conclusion the histopathology report is the backbone of the DTC management on what all risk determinations and treatment plans are built on. The pathology reports in our center are comprehensive but still the percentage of the patients whose histopathology report includes all criteria suggested by ATA guidelines was found to be %13.
Evaluating the value of a 3D printed model for hands-on training of gynecological pelvic examination
Authors: Kiesel Matthias , Beyers Inga , Kalisz Adam , Wöckel Achim , Quenzer Anne , Schlaiß Tanja , Wulff Christine , Diessner Joachim 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Simulation in the field of gynecological pelvic examination with educational purposes holds great potential. In the current manuscript we evaluate a 3D printed model of the female pelvis, which improves practical teaching of the gynecological pelvic examination for medical staff.Methods: We evaluated the benefit of a 3D printed model of the female pelvis (Pelvisio®) as part of a seminar (“skills training”) for teaching gynecological examination to medical students. Each student was randomly assigned to Group A or B by picking a ticket from a box. Group A underwent the skills training without the 3D printed model. Group B experienced the same seminar with integration of the model. Both groups evaluated the seminar by answering five questions on Likert scales (1-10, 1 = “very little” or “very poor”, 10 equals “very much” or “very good”). Additionally, both groups answered three multiple-choice questions concerning pelvic anatomy (Question 6 to 8). Finally, Group B evaluated the 3D printed model with ten questions (Question 9 to 18, Likert scales, 1-10).Results: Two of five questions concerning the students’ satisfaction with the seminar and their gained knowledge showed statistically significant better ratings in Group B (6.7 vs. 8.2 points and 8.1 vs. 8.9 points (p<0.001 and p<0.009). The other three questions showed no statistically significant differences between the traditional teaching setting vs. the 3D printed model (p<0.411, p<0.344 and p<0.215, respectively). The overall mean score of Question 1 to 5 showed 8.4 points for Group B and 7.8 points for Group A (p<0.001). All three multiple-choice questions, asking about female pelvic anatomy, were answered more often correctly by Group B (p<0.001, p<0.008 and p<0.001, respectively). The mean score from the answers to Questions 9 to 18, only answered by Group B, showed a mean of 8.6 points, indicating, that the students approved of the model.Conclusion: The presented 3D printed model Pelvisio® improves the education of female pelvic anatomy and examination for medical students. Hence, training this pivotal examination can be supported by a custom designed anatomical model tailored for interactive and explorative learning.
­­Forensic determination of shark species as predators and scavengers of sea turtles in Florida and Alabama
Authors: Aoki Derek M. , Perrault Justin R. , Hoffmann Sarah L. , Guertin Jeffrey R. , Page-Karjian Annie , Stacy Brian A. , Lowry Dayv 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Sharks are the primary predator of large immature and mature sea turtles, yet the shark species responsible for both lethal and non-lethal injuries are rarely identified because attacks are infrequently observed. Forensic analysis of bite wounds can be used to accurately assess size and potential shark species, especially when combined with species-specific feeding behavior, geographic distribution, and habitat preference. The objective of this study was to use forensic analysis of bite damage on sea turtles to infer shark size and species. Photographs from thirteen cases of documented shark scavenging (N = 3) and predation (N = 10) attempts on sea turtles were retrospectively analyzed, including nesting, free-ranging, and/or dead stranded loggerhead (Caretta caretta), green (Chelonia mydas), Kemp’s ridley (Lepidochelys kempii), and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) sea turtles in Florida and Alabama, USA from 2010–2020. Mean interdental distance (IDD) and bite circumference (BC) of wound marks on sea turtles strongly suggest that the bite marks were generated by white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) in three cases, tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) in three cases, and bull shark(s) (Carcharhinus leucas) in one case. For three cases with less distinct wound patterns, two likely shark species were identified, and thereafter narrowed down to a single species based on bite mark characteristics. Due to indistinct IDD and BC ranges of bite wound patterns, a single shark species was not identified in three cases. Forensic analysis enables more accurate evaluations of which shark species predate and scavenge sea turtles, and is a useful technique for studying the behavioral interactions of sharks and turtles more closely.
Simple within-stride changes in treadmill speed can drive selective changes in human gait symmetry
Authors: Browne Michael G. , Stenum Jan , Padmanabhan Purnima , Roemmich Ryan T. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Millions of people worldwide are affected by clinical conditions that result in gait asymmetry (e.g., stroke, cerebral palsy, lower limb amputation). There is a need for customizable rehabilitation approaches that can flexibly target different aspects of gait asymmetry with minimal need for specialized equipment. Here, we studied how simple within-stride changes in treadmill speed could drive selective, predictable changes in human gait symmetry. Methods: In Experiment 1, ten healthy young adults walked on an instrumented treadmill with and without a closed-loop controller engaged. The controller changed the treadmill speed to 1.50 m/s or 0.75 m/s depending on whether the right or left leg generated propulsive (i.e., forward-directed) ground reaction forces, respectively. In Experiment 2, a separate group of ten healthy young adults walked on the treadmill with and without an open-loop controller engaged. This controller changed the treadmill speed to 1.50 m/s or 0.75 at a prescribed time interval. We used a metronome to guide the participants to step at a series of different time points relative to the controller-driven speed change. We collected kinematic and kinetic data in Experiments 1 and 2. Results: In Experiment 1, participants walked with asymmetric kinematics and ground reaction forces when the closed-loop controller was engaged. The leg that accelerated during propulsion (right leg) showed a smaller leading limb angle and a larger trailing limb angle than the leg that decelerated during propulsion (left leg). The right leg also generated smaller propulsive forces than the left leg. In Experiment 2, the patterns of asymmetry in spatiotemporal gait parameters, kinematics, and ground reaction forces depended on the timing of the speed change within the gait cycle. Step times, leading limb angles, and peak propulsion became asymmetric when the treadmill speed changed early in stance. When the treadmill speed changed later in stance, step lengths, step times, and propulsion impulses became asymmetric. Conclusions: Simple manipulations of treadmill speed can drive predictable, selective changes in human gait symmetry. Future work will explore this customizable technique as a potential approach for restoring gait symmetry in clinical populations.List of abbreviations: AP GRF – anteroposterior ground reaction force
A Nomogram for Predicting Recurrence-free Survival of intermediate and High risk Neuroblastoma
Authors: Sun Quan , Chen Yanmin , Jin Qianya , Yuan Xiaojun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to confirm the independent risk factors for recurrence-free survival (RFS) in intermediate and high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) patients, and set up an effective Nomogram model for predicting the recurrence of NB.
Methods
A total of 212 children with intermediate- and high-risk neuroblastoma, who had ever achieved complete remission (CR) or very good partial remission (VGPR) after standardized treatment in this hospital, were chosen as study objects. After retrospective analysis of the clinical data, Cox regression model was used to explore the factors related to the recurrence of neuroblastoma, to determine the variables to construct the Nomogram. The consistency index would predict the accuracy of this Nomogram.
Results
RFS rate in 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year was 0.811, 0.662, 0.639, and 0.604, respectively. Children with MYCN amplification had a higher Neuron-specific Enolase (NSE) value (P = 0.031) at the initial diagnosis than MYCN non-amplification. The univariate analysis predicted that increased Vanilmandelic Acid (VMA) and NSE value, and Dehydrogenase (LDH) > 1000U/L were important adverse factors for the recurrence of NB. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age at diagnosis, tumor localization, MYCN state, histologic subtype, and tumor capsule were significantly associated with RFS (all P values < 0.05). Nomograms were established for predicting the recurrence of NB according to the Cox regression analysis. Internal verification by the Bootstrap method showed that the prediction of the nomogram's consistency index (C-index) was 0.824 (P = 0.023).
Conclusion
Age at diagnosis, tumor localization, MYCN state, histologic category, and tumor capsule were independent risk factors for the recurrence of NB. The Nomogram model could accurately predict the recurrence of children with neuroblastoma.
The evaluation of regional lung function in COPD before and after pulmonary rehabilitation: a prospective clinical study
Authors: Ma Haiman , Dai Meng , Zhao Zhanqi , Wu Shuo , Zhang Yan , Zhao Feng , Ti Xinyu , Qu Shuoyao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a widely recognized nonpharmacologic therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but most of the current studies on whether PR can benefit COPD patients are based on the evaluation of symptoms and pulmonary function, which is limited to a certain extent. Therefore, based on the current study, this study evaluated the effects of individualized PR on the regional lung function in patients with stable COPD.MethodsThe patients with stable COPD were treated with PR for 2 weeks. The symptoms, global and regional lung function changes before and after 2-week program were evaluated using surveys, spirometry and electrical impedance tomography (EIT). The spatial coefficient of variation (CV) of regional spirometry parameters were calculated to quantified spatial heterogeneity of lung function. Temporal inhomogeneity was determined by the regional expiration time.ResultsAfter 2 weeks of intervention, the COPD assessment test score (CAT, 15.6±6.17 vs 11.1±5.85, P = 0.001), global spirometry forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1; 1.13±0.62 L vs 1.24±0.65 L, P = 0.006) and FEV1 % pred (43.3±21.34 % vs 48.3±24.22 %, P = 0.001) were improved. The CV for regional FEV1 / FVC (0.28±0.19 vs 0.17±0.06, P=0.012) differed significantly. Regional lung ventilation was more homogeneous and regional expiration time was shorter after PR.ConclusionThis study suggested that both spatial and temporal regional ventilation in COPD improved after the 2-week PR.
Effect of Butaphosphan and Cyanocobalamin on the Metabolic Profile, Oxidative Stress, Trace Minerals and Prophylaxis of Ovine Pregnancy Toxemia
Authors: Beigh Shafayat , Iqbal Raja , Mir Abdul , Shaheen Muzaffar , Hussain Syed , Nisar Mehak 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin (BTC) on the metabolic profile, oxidative stress and trace mineral profile in cross bred ewes and its effect on the prophylaxis of ovine pregnancy toxemia (PT). A total of 48 ewes were randomly divided into three groups, each consisting of sixteen ewes. High dose BTC (HBC): Ewes were given 0.2ml BTC/kg body weight, S/c weekly from 6 weeks prelambing to lambing. Low dose BTC (LBC): Ewes were given 0.1ml BTC/kg body weight, S/c weekly from 6 weeks prelambing to lambing. No BTC (CON): Ewes were given 0.2ml normal saline /kg body weight, S/c. weekly from 6 prelambing to lambing. A significant effect of treatment was observed on non esterified fatty acid (NEFA; p < 0.01), beta hydroxy butyric acid (β-HBA, p < 0.01), fructosamine (p < 0.05) and oxidative stress indices (OSI; p < 0.05) with less in NEFA, β-HBA, OSI and more fructosamine levels in HBC followed by LBC. No significant of treatment and treatment×time interactions were observed in glucose, protein, albumin, cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, total antioxidant capacity, calcium, phosphorus, cobalt, and copper levels however a significant difference was observed along the sampling time in all the three groups. While there was no significant effect of treatment on triglyceride, aspartate amino transferase, total oxidant capacity and zinc levels, a significant treatment×time interaction was observed. Taking 0.8mmol/l β-HBA as the cut off limit for subclinical PT, at four week before lambing, the effect of BTC in the prophylaxis of PT was higher in LBC (OR: 11.66; p < 0.05) compared to HBC (OR: 5.44; p > 0.05), however from three weeks onwards only HBC ewes showed significant effect of the BTC in the prophylaxis of PT at 3 weeks prelambing (OR; 5.57; p < 0.05), at 2 weeks prelambing (OR: 9.53; p < 0.01), at one week prelambing (OR: 6.60; p < 0.05) and at lambing (OR: 5.57; p < 0.05). In conclusion, there was a positive effect of BTC treatment on the energy metabolism in pregnant ewes and it helped in the amelioration of oxidative stress and hence can be used in the prophylaxis of pregnancy toxemia.
Debulking plus Drug-coated Balloon Angioplasty versus Drug-coated Balloon Angioplasty alone for Femoropopliteal Tosaka III In-stent Restenosis Runing
Authors: Li Liqiang , Tong Zhu , Cui Shijun , Guo Lianrui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Femoropopliteal (FP) Tosaka Class III in-stent restenosis (ISR) Lesions remain a significant clinical problem and optimal revascularization management including the use of drug-coated balloon (DCB) and debulking devices have the potential to improve the outcomes for these patients. However, few studies have been published comparing the debulking plus DCB with DCB alone in Tosaka III FP-ISR treatment. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study of patients Tosaka III FP-ISR who underwent endovascular interventions of debulking plus DCB or DCB alone for Tosaka III FP-ISR lesions. One-year primary patency was the main outcome. Other outcome measures are 12-month freedom from clinical-driven target lesion revascularization (f-CD-TLR), technical success rate, and periprocedural complications.Results: A total of 80 patients with Tosaka III FP-ISR were included; 39 were treated with debulking plus DCB, in which 22 were treated with laser atherectomy (LA) plus DCB and 17 were treated with rotational atherectomy (RA) plus DCB. 41 were treated with DCB alone. 12-month primary patency was significantly different in the comparison of debulking+DCB with DCB group (87.2% vs. 65.9%, p=0.039). in the subgroup comparison, no significant difference was found in the LA+DCB and RA+DCB group (86.4% vs. 88.2%, p=0.842). There were also no significant differences in the group and subgroup comparison of 12-month f-CD-TLR, technical success rate, and periprocedural complications.Conclusions: In this small preliminary experience, combined treatment with Debulking and DCB angioplasty is correlated with better outcomes in one-year primary patency for Tosaka III FP-ISR lesions.
Efficacy of tracheostomy timing in adult patients with mechanical ventilation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Kishihara Yuki , Yasuda Hideto , Ozawa Hidechika , Fukushima Fumihito , Kashiura Masahiro , Moriya Takashi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
An appropriately timed tracheostomy for adults receiving prolonged mechanical ventilation may have several benefits of tracheostomy, including decreased use of analgesics and sedatives and expedited rehabilitation. These clinical benefits may contribute to improve patient prognosis. Although randomized control trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses have researched this, each RCT has a different definition of early tracheostomy and report different outcomes. Meta-analyses that integrate results from these RCTs are also difficult to evaluate because of the conceptual heterogeneity due to the different definitions and reported parameters in each RCT. As a result, there is no established evidence for the appropriate timing of tracheostomy. Therefore, our objective was to perform a network meta-analysis (NMA) on multiple tracheostomy timings using data from existing RCTs.
Methods
MEDLINE, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO-ICTRP were searched. We included RCTs that included mechanically ventilated patients aged 18 years or older. Multiple reviewers independently selected RCTs to compare tracheostomy timings. Considering the definitions of the timing of tracheostomy and clinical importance, we subdivided RCTs into three groups based on the time of tracheostomy as follows: within 4 days from intubation, 5–12 days, or 13 days or later. We performed the NMA with random effects and used the Confidence in NMA framework to assess the degree of treatment effect certainty. The primary and secondary outcomes were short-term mortality and adverse events, respectively.
Results
Seven RCTs (1,021 patients) were included. There were no specific reasons for intubation, and both traumatic and non-traumatic patients were included. There was a significant difference in short-term mortality when comparing tracheostomies performed within 4 days of intubation and those performed 13 days or later (relative risk 0.65 [95% confidence interval 0.46–0.93]). There were no significant differences in adverse events between any of the examined groups.
Conclusions
Tracheostomy performed within 4 days of intubation may reduce short-term mortality compared with tracheostomy performed 13 days or later. However, early tracheostomy should be considered for critically ill patients based on careful consideration of whether or not intubation will be prolonged, such as patients with severe traumatic brain injury or respiratory failure.
Clinical features and survival outcome of aggressive splenic lymphoma: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Lulu , Chen Rongrong , Zhu Lixia , Huang Xianbo , Sun Jianai , Li Li , Zhou De , Wang Lijun , Zhao Kui , Xie Wanzhuo , Ye Xiujin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose The present study aims to explore the clinical features, imaging manifestations, pathologic characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of aggressive splenic lymphoma (ASL) patients.Methods From January 2001 to March 2021, patients who were histologically proven splenic lymphoma were enrolled in this study. The survival curves of overall survival (OS) and progressive-free survival (PFS) were calculated by the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to estimate the potential prognostic factors.Results Sixty-nine patients who were histologically proven ASL in this study. The median follow-up time was 76.3 months (95%CI, 60.194-92.406). Patients with ASL underwent the splenectomy had better PFS and OS than that of patients who did not (OS 61% vs 35%, P=0.084; PFS 57% vs 25%, P=0.061), yet the difference was not remarkably significant. In addition, splenic lymphomas of T-cell origin (OS HR, 3.398[95%CI, 1.327-8.704], P=0.011; PFS HR, 2.776[95%CI, 1.107-6.959], P=0.029) and present with B symptoms (OS HR, 2.703[95%CI, 1.219-5.994], P=0.014; PFS HR, 2.890[95%CI, 1.348-6.194], P=0.006) were independent risk factors correlated with OS and PFS. After establishing a risk-stratified model in combination with cell of origin (COO) and B symptom to divide patients into three risk subgroups: 36 were in low-risk group, 28 were in intermediate-risk group, and 5 were in high-risk group. The differences between each group were statistically significant (OS: χ2=41.000, P<0.001; PFS: χ2=47.739, P<0.001).Conclusion Splenic T-cell lymphoma patients with B symptom at initial diagnosis had the worst outcome among aggressive splenic lymphoma.
MHD Boundary Layer Analysis of Hybrid Nanofluid over 3-D Sinusoidal Cylinder
Authors: Elsaid Essam M. , Abdelwahed Mohamed 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This research deals to investigate the boundary layer surroding a three-dimensional sinusoidal cylinder, the boundary layer was assumed to be filled with hybrid nanofluid consists of water + Cu nanoparticle as main fluid and supported with a small concentration of Al2O3 or Ag nanoparticle. The boundary layer is described by a set of nonlinear partial differential equations due to the continuity, momentum, and energy equations whose transformed to a set of dependent coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The obtained system of equations was solved using composite numerical technique mix of shooting and fifth-order Runge Kutta methods. The behavior of boundary layer under the varies of type and concentration of nanoparticles and the influence of magnetic field has been depicted by a set of graphs and tables.