bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transaneurysmal Occlusion of Complicated Common Femoral Artery Pseudoaneurysms Using the Angio-Seal Closure Device—A Promising Technique
Authors: Auer Timo A. , Fehrenbach Uli , Torsello Giovanni F. , Collettini Federico , Wieners Gero , Günther Rolf W. , Gebauer Bernhard 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Pseudoaneurysm (PSA) developing after catheter examinations is one of the most frequent vascular complications and a nonsurgical technique with utmost low risk of complications is warranted. Our aim was to investigate the technical feasibility, success, and safety of transaneurysmal occlusion of complicated post-interventional common femoral artery (CFA) PSA using the Angio-Seal Closure Device (ASCD) and a technique that we describe as the transaneurysmal (TA) maneuver.

Material and Methods
We used the Angio-Seal (Terumo, Tokyo, Japan) Closure System to manage complicated PSAs in patients who would otherwise have needed surgery after failure of all conservative therapies. The TA maneuver was performed in 14 consecutive patients from July 2021 to July 2022. After ultrasound-guided puncture of the PSA close to its neck, the CFA was entered radiographically with micro-guidewires, and the neck of the PSA was closed with the ASCD after changing the sheaths and wires. All patient had to wear a pressure dressing until the next day, when successful closure was verified by sonography.

Results
All procedures were performed with technical success and without any complications. No patient had to undergo surgery. All sonographies on the next day confirmed complete absence of perfusion within the PSA and normal flow conditions of the CFA and vessels below.

Conclusion
The TA maneuver a promising minimally invasive procedure for closing complicated PSA of the CFA after catheter examination.
Utility of [68Ga]FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG dual-tracer PET/CT in the initial evaluation of gastric cancer
Authors: Miao Ying , Feng Runhua , Guo Rui , Huang Xinyun , Hai Wangxi , Li Jian , Yu Teng , Qu Qian , Zhang Min , Shangguan Chengfang , Mi Jun , Zhu Zhenggang , Li Biao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
We aimed to investigate the role of [68Ga]FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG dual-tracer PET/CT for the initial assessment of gastric cancer and to explore the factors associated with their uptake.

Methods
This study enrolled 62 patients with histopathologically confirmed gastric cancer. We compared the diagnostic performance of [68Ga]FAPI-04, [18F]FDG, and combined dual-tracer PET/CT. The standardized uptake value (SUV) and tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) were also measured, and the factors that influence tracer uptake were analyzed.

Results
[68Ga]FAPI-04 PET/CT detected more primary lesions (90.3% vs 77.4%, p = 0.008) and peritoneal metastases (91.7% vs 41.7%, p = 0.031) and demonstrated higher SUVmax and TBR values (p < 0.001) of primary lesions compared to [18F]FDG PET/CT. Dual-tracer PET/CT significantly improved the diagnostic sensitivity for the detection of distant metastases, compared with stand-alone [18F]FDG (97.1% vs 73.5%, p = 0.008) or [68Ga]FAPI-04 (97.1% vs 76.5%, p = 0.016) PET/CT. Subsequently, treatment strategies were changed in nine patients following [68Ga]FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG dual-tracer PET/CT. Nevertheless, [68Ga]FAPI-04 uptake was primarily influenced by the size and invasion depth of the tumor. Both [68Ga]FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG PET/CT showed limited sensitivity for detecting early gastric cancer (EGC) (37.5% vs 25.0%, p > 0.05).

Conclusions
In this initial study, [68Ga]FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG dual-tracer PET/CT were complementary and improved sensitivity for the detection of distant metastases pre-treatment in gastric cancer and could improve treatment stratification in the future. [68Ga]FAPI-04 had limited efficacy in detecting EGC.

Key Points
•[68Ga]FAPI-04 and[18F]FDG dual-tracer PET/CT are complementary to each other for improving diagnostic sensitivity in the initial evaluation of distant metastases from gastric cancer.
•[68Ga]FAPI-04 PET/CT showed limited sensitivity in detecting EGC.
• Need for further validation in a larger multi-centre prospective study.
Estimation of parameters and quantiles of the Weibull distribution
Authors: Jokiel-Rokita Alicja , Pia̧tek Sylwester 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe propose three new estimators of the Weibull distribution parameters which lead to three new plug-in estimators of quantiles. One of them is a modification of the maximum likelihood estimator and two of them are based on nonparametric estimators of the Gini coefficient. We also make some review of estimators of the Weibull distribution parameters and quantiles. We compare the small sample performance (in terms of bias and mean squared error) of the known and new estimators and extreme quantiles. Based on simulations, we obtain, among others, that the proposed modification of the maximum likelihood estimator of the shape parameter has a smaller bias and mean squared error than the maximum likelihood estimator, and is better or as good as known estimators when the sample size is not very small. Moreover, one of the proposed estimator, based on the nonparametric estimator of the Gini coefficient, leads to good extreme quantiles estimates (better than the maximum likelihood estimator) in the case of small sample sizes.
How do patients interpret and respond to a single-item global indicator of cancer treatment tolerability?
Authors: Peipert John Devin , Shaunfield Sara , Kaiser Karen , Moreno Patricia I. , Fox Rina S. , Kircher Sheetal , Mohindra Nisha , Ip Edward , Zhao Fengmin , Wagner Lynne , Cella David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
There is increasing interest in patient-reported measures of cancer treatment tolerability. A global measure of bother, the FACT GP5 item (“I am bothered by side effects of treatment”) is potentially useful for regulatory, research, and clinical use. To understand this item’s appropriateness for capturing treatment tolerability, we conducted cognitive interviews on this item with 3 samples of cancer patients.

Methods
Patients with ovarian cancer (Study 1: N = 21; on treatment), lymphoma (Study 2: N = 14; on treatment), and colorectal or lung cancer (Study 3: N = 16; treatment naïve) were interviewed about GP5’s understandability and relevance to their treatment side effects. What patients think about when answering GP5 was also assessed. In all studies, the interview included both structured and open-ended questions. Qualitative data were coded to extract themes and responses to structured questions were tallied.

Results
Most patients on treatment (Studies 1 and 2) reported that the GP5 item wording is appropriate (88%) and its meaning is clear (97%). They were very confident or confident in their response (97%) and stated that GP5 was relevant to their cancer experience (97%). When answering GP5, patients considered their treatment and specific side effects. A large proportion (40%) of the treatment-naïve (Study 3) patients reported that GP5 was not relevant to their cancer treatment, and the largest proportion responded to GP5 thinking of negative side effect expectancies.

Conclusion
This study provides assurance that GP5 is a useful indicator of treatment tolerability, and is meaningful to people with cancer, especially once they have started treatment.
Die jüngsten Rechtsetzungsaktivitäten auf EU- und Bundesebene zur Beschleunigung des Ausbaus der Windenergie an Land
Authors: Faßbender Dr. , Brade Alexander 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Bundestag hat am 7.7.2022 eine Reihe von Gesetzesänderungen beschlossen, die auf eine Beschleunigung
des Ausbaus der erneuerbaren Energien abzielen. Wenige Wochen zuvor hat die EU-Kommission am 18.5.2022
einen Vorschlag vorgelegt, der Änderungen der Erneuerbare-Energien-Richtlinie vorsieht, die sich u.a.
mit der Festlegung von Gebieten für den weiteren Ausbau der erneuerbaren Energien und mit der Anwendung
des (sonstigen) europäischen Umweltrechts, v.a. des Naturschutzrechts beim Ausbau der erneuerbaren
Energien befassen. Der nachfolgende Beitrag skizziert zunächst die hierzu vorgeschlagenen Änderungen
und befasst sich sodann am Beispiel des Ausbaus der Windenergie an Land mit den Folgen für die neuen
Regelungen auf Bundesebene.
Higher order risk attitudes: new model insights and heterogeneity of preferences
Authors: Georgalos Konstantinos , Paya Ivan , Peel David 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIt is now well established that higher-order risk preferences play a crucial role in determining the risky choices of decision makers in a wide range of important areas such as economics, finance and health. While influential theories of risky choice in those fields can explain attitudes to second order risk, the implications of these models for higher order risk preferences is still to be developed. This paper addresses that gap for the Markowitz (J Political Econ, 60:151–58, 1952) (M) model of utility which embodies reference-dependent utility, loss aversion and was seemingly the first model to explain the fourfold attitude to risk. In this paper, we set out new properties of the M model for higher order preferences, such as higher-order risky choice reversals, that can help explain experimental evidence not readily reconcilable with other models of risky choice. A second contribution of the paper is to empirically examine the heterogeneity of preference functionals describing second as well as higher order risky choices using hierarchical Bayesian estimation methods. Our analysis of the risky choices revealed in three prominent studies provides support for the M model as a useful complement to other leading models of risky choice such as cumulative prospect theory (CPT). In addition, we set up a new experiment whose design is shown to have satisfactory discriminatory power between the M and CPT specifications, and our results based on the Bayes factor confirm the heterogeneity of preference functionals across decision makers, and that the CPT specification is more prevalent.
Water Deficit, Nitrogen Availability, and Their Combination Differently Affect Floral Scent Emission in Three Brassicaceae Species
Authors: Höfer Rebecca J. , Ayasse Manfred , Kuppler Jonas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFloral scent plays a central role in plant-pollinator interactions, as flower visitors can discriminate between scent differences to recognize and forage on rewarding flowers. Changes in scent compositions might therefore lead to recognition mismatches between host plants and flower visitors. An understanding of the phenotypic plasticity of floral scent, especially in crop species, is becoming important because of climate change, e.g., increasing drought periods, and other anthropogenic influences, e.g., nitrogen (N) deposition. We have investigated the effects of the combination of progressive water deficits (dry-down) and N supplementation on floral scent emission in three Brassicaceae species (cultivated vs. wild). Individuals were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: (1) well-watered without N supplementation; (2) well-watered with N supplementation; (3) dry-down without N supplementation; (4) dry-down with N supplementation. We collected scent on day 0, 2, 7, and 14 after the commencement of the watering treatment. All samples were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. We found that the highly cultivated Brassica napus had the lowest overall emission rate; its scent composition was affected by the interaction of watering treatment and N supplementation. Scent bouquets of the cultivated Sinapis alba also changed under these treatments. Scent bouquets of the common weed Sinapis arvensis were affected by watering treatment, but not by time and N supplementation. Furthermore, the influence of treatments on the emission rate of single compounds was highly compound-specific. Nonetheless, our study revealed that especially terpenes were negatively affected by drought-stress.
Radiosynthesis and Analysis of (S)-4-(3-[18F]Fluoropropyl)-L-Glutamic Acid
Authors: Brown Gavin , Soloviev Dmitry , Lewis David Y. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose
(S)-4-(3-[18F]Fluoropropyl)-L-glutamic acid ([18F]FSPG) is an L-glutamate derivative used as a PET biomarker to assess intracellular redox status in vivo through targeting of the cystine/glutamate antiporter protein, xc− transporter. In this report, we describe a radiosynthesis of [18F]FSPG for use in PET studies that address specific challenges in relation to the radiotracer purity, molar activity, and quality control testing methods.

Procedures
The radiosynthesis of [18F]FSPG was performed using a customised RNPlus Research automated radiosynthesis system (Synthra GmbH, Hamburg, Germany). [18F]FSPG was labelled in the 3-fluoropropylmoiety at the 4-position of the glutamic acid backbone with fluorine-18 via substitution of nucleophilic [18F]fluoride with a protected naphthylsulfonyloxy-propyl-L-glutamate derivative. Radiochemical purity of the final product was determined by radio HPLC using a new method of direct analysis using a Hypercarb C18 column.

Results
The average radioactivity yield of [18F]FSPG was 4.2 GBq (range, 3.4–4.8 GBq) at the end of synthesis, starting from 16 GBq of [18F]fluoride at the end of bombardment (n = 10) in a synthesis time of 50 min. The average molar activity and radioactivity volumetric concentration at the end of synthesis were 66 GBq µmol−1 (range, 48–73 GBq µmol−1) and 343–400 MBq mL−1, respectively.

Conclusion
Stability tests using a 4.6 GBq dose with a radioactivity volumetric concentration of 369 MBq mL−1 at the end of synthesis showed no observable radiolysis 3 h after production. The formulated product is of high radiochemical purity (> 95%) and higher molar activity compared to previous methods and is safe to inject into mice up to 3 h after production.
Velocity variation coefficient-based angle-dependent gradient conditioning scheme: a new strategy for an enhanced full waveform inversion
Authors: Dhubia Santosh , Routa Alok Kumar , Datta Gupta Saurabh , Mohanty Priya Ranjan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe development of an accurate velocity model is the significant target in the Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) process where the data fitting process is carried out based on an ill-posed technique. In the FWI technique optimization process plays a crucial role through which objective function minimizes, which is related to the misfit function between observed and modelled data. However, the influence of external factors such as data fitting errors (local minima) and the presence of noise in data are involved in the success of this processing technique. The artefacts that arise during gradient computation also affect this processing technique. This study presents a strategy to mitigate the influence of these local minima and other artefacts based on the velocity variation coefficient where an angle-dependent gradient conditioning approach has been proposed. It is an auto-controlled process in which the primary mechanism updates the velocity model from a large angle scale to a smaller angle scale when iteration begins. At each iteration, it preserves the previous result whereby it does not scatter or overlap with the previous one. It covers all the angles smoothly which helps in minimizing the data misfit and providing a high-resolution velocity model. The proposed conditioning approach is demonstrated by implementing the Marmousi model, and the result proves that the method provides a much-improved velocity inversion result which is attained with reasonable iterations. This study represents of a suitable procedure for the FWI processing technique where less sensitive artefacts are identified with negligible time consumption. Furthermore, it also helps to reduce the cycle skips and improve convergence in any complex scenario.
Migration und demokratische politische Kultur in Berlin – Antimuslimischer Rassismus als Gefahr für die Demokratie?
Authors: Celik Kazim , Pickel Gert 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungMit den weltweiten Fluchtbewegungen 2015 rückte das Thema Migration erneut an die Spitze der virulenten gesellschaftlichen Themen und entfachte politische Auseinandersetzungen. Diese Konflikte waren dabei nur teilweise durch Migrant:innen ausgelöst. Zumeist führten Instrumentalisierungen durch Rechtspopulist:innen zu einer Zuspitzung der gesellschaftlichen Diskurse. Überhaupt sind die Erfolge des Rechtspopulismus in Europa wohl kaum ohne das „Feindbild“ Migration und Islam vorstellbar. In der Konsequenz kam es zu einer bis heute andauernden Polarisierung der Gesellschaft, die eine Gefahr für den gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt darstellt. Während Anhänger:innen des Rechtspopulismus Migrant:innen dafür verantwortlich machen, sehen viele andere Beobachter:innen den Grund für die Polarisierung auf rechtspopulistischer Seite. Deutlich wird dabei, dass Werthaltungen, insbesondere auch Ängste in der Bevölkerung für das Verständnis des Verhältnisses von Migration und Demokratie zentral sind. Unsere Forschungsfrage lautet deshalb: Wie wirken sich Einstellungen zu Migration sowie Haltungen von Migrant:innen auf die demokratische politische Kultur aus?Diese Fragestellung lässt sich besonders gut in einer heterogenen Stadtgesellschaft wie Berlin untersuchen. Daher analysieren wir mit Daten des Berlin-Monitors 2019 Haltungen gegenüber und Haltungen von Migrant:innen unter Berücksichtigung ausgewählter politische und religiöse Aspekte. Theoretischer Hintergrund ist der demokratietheoretische Zugang der politischen Kulturforschung in Verbindung mit Ansätzen der Migrationssoziologie und der sozialpsychologischen Vorurteilsforschung. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Religionszugehörigkeit eine bedeutende Funktion als Bezugspunkt für Prozesse der Kategorisierung, Stereotypisierung und Abwertung einnimmt. Ferner wird deutlich, dass antimuslimischer Rassismus die demokratische politische Kultur untergräbt und antidemokratische Einstellungen befördert. Dies gilt auch für religiös dogmatische bis fundamentalistische Einstellungen, die unter Berliner Muslim:innen in antisemitische Ressentiments und Ablehnung gegenüber nichtheteronormative Geschlechtsidentitäten münden können. Der Beitrag basiert neben dem Berlin-Monitor auch auf dem durch das BMBF geförderten Projekt „Radikaler Islam versus radikaler Anti-Islam“ und der Zusammenarbeit mit dem Forschungsinstitut „Gesellschaftlicher Zusammenhalt“.
Fabrication of Au-polymer hybrid colloids via a pH-modulated in situ reduction process for improved catalytic activity
Authors: Peng Jing , Tang Dongyan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHere, we reported a novel strategy for the controllable synthesis of Au nanoparticles within functional microgels. By simply mixing Au(Cl)4- ions with a microgel dispersion at room temperature for several hours, Au(III) ions were reduced into Au(0) nanoparticles on the surface of the microgels. Without the use of any additional reductant, the reduction of the Au(III) ions was realized and controlled by tuning the volume of the base solution as a result of the unique reductive 3-carbonyl-N-vinylcaprolactam structure inside the microgels. Moreover, the hybrid microgels showed efficient catalytic activities for the model reduction reaction of 4-nitrophenol (Nip). These results revealed that the synthesis strategy of fabricating Au-polymer hybrids possesses great potential in the field of wastewater treatment.
An English East India Company Ship's Crew in a Connected Seventeenth-Century World
Authors: Hunt Margaret R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis contribution to the forum Gender, Intimate Networks, and Global Commerce in the Early Modern Period follows the career of a single late seventeenth-century English East India Company ship and her crew, in order to challenge the claim that long-haul ships were isolated spaces. Specifically, it looks at the many kinds of connections —intimate and otherwise—that characterised early modern ships and their crews. These included connections between and among sailors themselves, between ships at sea, and between ships’ crews and the diverse communities from which they came.
The Virtues of Interpretable Medical Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Hatherley Joshua , Sparrow Robert , Howard Mark 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have demonstrated impressive performance across a variety of clinical tasks. However, notoriously, sometimes these systems are “black boxes.” The initial response in the literature was a demand for “explainable AI.” However, recently, several authors have suggested that making AI more explainable or “interpretable” is likely to be at the cost of the accuracy of these systems and that prioritizing interpretability in medical AI may constitute a “lethal prejudice.” In this article, we defend the value of interpretability in the context of the use of AI in medicine. Clinicians may prefer interpretable systems over more accurate black boxes, which in turn is sufficient to give designers of AI reason to prefer more interpretable systems in order to ensure that AI is adopted and its benefits realized. Moreover, clinicians may be justified in this preference. Achieving the downstream benefits from AI is critically dependent on how the outputs of these systems are interpreted by physicians and patients. A preference for the use of highly accurate black box AI systems, over less accurate but more interpretable systems, may itself constitute a form of lethal prejudice that may diminish the benefits of AI to—and perhaps even harm—patients.
Temperature Perception in the Blushing Region
Authors: Chen Huijing , D’Angelis Francesca , Qian Mingyi , Pohl Anna , Pohl Anna , Gerlach Alexander L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Background: Individuals with social phobia are characterized by a heightened sensitivity for physical symptom such as blushing. Objectives: We exploratorily examined whether blushing-fearful individuals with / without social phobia were more sensitive to perceiving facial temperature increases compared to healthy controls. Methods: 50 participants were tested using an adaptive two-alternative forced-choice task. A Peltier element was attached to the cheek and repeatedly warmed up in one of two phases. The participants’ task was to indicate in which of the two phases the temperature had increased. Results: Contrary to our hypothesis, blushing-fearful individuals with social phobia ( n = 11) were less sensitive to facial temperature increases, i. e., exhibited higher temperature perception threshold, than the subclinical group ( n = 14) and healthy controls ( n = 23). Limitations: The preliminary nature of our study should be noted, and replication in a larger sample is warranted. Conclusions: The findings may be best understood within a predictive coding framework: Individuals with social phobia may rely on priors when assessing their physical symptoms to form an impression of their public self in social situations.