bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial phylogenomics of Acanthocephala: nucleotide alignments produce long-branch attraction artefacts
Authors: Gao Jin-Wei , Yuan Xi-Ping , Wu Hao , Xiang Chuan-Yu , Xie Min , Song Rui , Chen Zhong-Yuan , Wu Yuan-An , Ou Dong-Sheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Classification of the Acanthocephala, a clade of obligate endoparasites, remains unresolved because of insufficiently strong resolution of morphological characters and scarcity of molecular data with a sufficient resolution. Mitochondrial genomes may be a suitable candidate, but they are available for a small number of species and their suitability for the task has not been tested thoroughly.

Methods
Herein, we sequenced the first mitogenome for the large family Rhadinorhynchidae: Micracanthorhynchina dakusuiensis. These are also the first molecular data generated for this entire genus. We conducted a series of phylogenetic analyses using concatenated nucleotides (NUC) and amino acids (AAs) of all 12 protein-coding genes, three different algorithms, and the entire available acanthocephalan mitogenomic dataset.

Results
We found evidence for strong compositional heterogeneity in the dataset, and Micracanthorhynchina dakusuiensis exhibited a disproportionately long branch in all analyses. This caused a long-branch attraction artefact (LBA) of M. dakusuiensis resolved at the base of the Echinorhynchida clade when the NUC dataset was used in combination with standard phylogenetic algorithms, maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI). Both the use of the AA dataset (BI-AAs and ML-AAs) and the CAT-GTR model designed for suppression of LBA (CAT-GTR-AAs and CAT-GTR-NUC) at least partially attenuated this LBA artefact. The results support Illiosentidae as the basal radiation of Echinorhynchida and Rhadinorhynchidae forming a clade with Echinorhynchidae and Pomporhynchidae. The questions of the monophyly of Rhadinorhynchidae and its sister lineage remain unresolved. The order Echinorhynchida was paraphyletic in all of our analyses.

Conclusions
Future studies should take care to attenuate compositional heterogeneity-driven LBA artefacts when applying mitogenomic data to resolve the phylogeny of Acanthocephala.

Graphical Abstract
High-resolution single-cell analysis paves the cellular path for brain regeneration in salamanders
Authors: Yin Binxu , Li Xinyun , Lin Gufa , Wang Heng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSalamanders are excellent models for studying vertebrate brain regeneration, with the promise of developing novel therapies for human brain lesions. Yet the molecular and cellular mechanism of salamander brain regeneration remains largely elusive. The insight into the evolution of complex brain structures that lead to advanced functions in the mammalian brain is also inadequate. With high-resolution single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics, three recent studies have reported the differentiation paths of cells in the salamander telencephalon in the journal Science, bringing both old and new cell types into the focus and shedding light on vertebrate brain evolution, development, and regeneration.
Assessment of heavy metal accumulation and health risks in okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L.) and spinach (Spinacia Oleracea L.) fertigated with wastwater
Authors: Khaliq Mian Abdul , Javed Muhammad Tariq , Hussain Sajjad , Imran Muhammad , Mubeen Muhammad , Nasim Wajid , Fahad Shah , Karuppannan Shankar , Al-Taisan Wafa’a A. , Almohamad Hussein , Al Dughairi Ahmed Abdullah , Al-Mutiry Motrih , Alrasheedi Mona , Abdo Hazem Ghassan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn many countries like Pakistan, where crops are irrigated by wastewater, the accumulation of heavy metals is a serious problem, especially when such an irrigation is a widespread practice. The focus of this study was to know the highly toxic metals like cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) in water, agricultural soil, and crops, besides their probable risk to human health in the area of Vehari district. The physicochemical parameters were determined for the samples, including organic matter, organic carbon, pH, and electrical conductivity. Water used for irrigation, samples of vegetables for Cd, Cr, and Pb concentration, as well as transfer factor from soil to plants (TF) were analyzed for calculating the daily intake of metals (DIM) and their health risk index (HRI). The results show that the wastewater used for irrigation was contaminated with Cr (0.07mg/kg), Cd (0.054mg/kg), and Pb (0.38mg/kg). In the tube well, the concentrations of heavy metals were: Cd (0.053mg/kg), Pb (0.01mg/kg), and Cd (0.03mg/kg). Application of wastewater increased heavy metals concentration in soil and vegetables. Heavy metals concentrations in wastewater irrigated soil before sowing vegetables in mg/kg were: Pb (0.91), Cd (0.12), and Cr (0.48). After the application of wastewater, significant enrichment of wastewater was observed in Pb (1.93mg/kg), Cd (0.07mg/kg), and Cr (0.34mg/kg). Our study showed a high-risk index of food crops polluted with heavy metals and resultantly greater health risk to humans and animals. That is why preventive measures should be adopted to reduce heavy metals pollution to irrigation water and soils to protect both humans and animals in the Vehari district.
The right to entrepreneurial expression over heritage significance: the micropolitics of an adapted cafe in a historic Chinese town
Authors: Lam Johnny F. I. , Ong Chin-Ee , Wu Tingting , He Rui , Li Shougang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study draws on Henri Lefebvre’s (The production of space, 1992, translated by D. Nicholson-Smith) concept of the spatial triad to examine the micropolitics of the production of urban and social space in a cafe in a historic tourist town in the southern Chinese city of Zhuhai. Such a spatial and social examination of the historic town of Tangjiawan’s Wangchuan Cafe is conducted in the context of a growing consumer society and experience economy in China. Specifically, we found that the cafe proprietor has performed a role that is commonly associated with official planners and technocrats in creating a ‘coffee art living space’ in a process that Lefebvre describes as a ‘representation of space,’ and that ‘spatial practices’ serve to shape the space away from the heritage significance of the town and towards entrepreneurially aligned ideals. Such resultant consumerist spaces are coconstructed with and negotiated by visitors and consumers. In conducting such an examination, we highlight and critique the ways in which dominant discourses operate in a microsite, such as that of a cafe, that has become a key cultural tourism attraction of the refurbished historic town, the means by which such discourses and visions result in real-world transformations and the ways in which visitors and tourists interpret and negotiate such a microsite.
Randomized Study of Temozolomide or Temozolomide and Capecitabine in Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (ECOG-ACRIN E2211)
Authors: Kunz Pamela L. , Graham Noah T. , Catalano Paul J. , Nimeiri Halla S. , Fisher George A. , Longacre Teri A. , Suarez Carlos J. , Martin Brock A. , Yao James C. , Kulke Matthew H. , Hendifar Andrew E. , Shanks James C. , Shah Manisha H. , Zalupski Mark M. , Schmulbach Edmond L. , Reidy-Lagunes Diane L. , Strosberg Jonathan R. , O'Dwyer Peter J. , Benson Al B. 
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE Patients with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) have few treatment options that yield objective responses. Retrospective and small prospective studies suggest that capecitabine and temozolomide are associated with high response rates (RRs) and long progression-free survival (PFS). PATIENTS AND METHODS E2211 was a multicenter, randomized, phase II trial comparing temozolomide versus capecitabine/temozolomide in patients with advanced low-grade or intermediate-grade pancreatic NETs. Key eligibility criteria included progression within the preceding 12 months and no prior temozolomide, dimethyl-triazeno-imidazole-carboxamide or dacarbazine, capecitabine or fluorouracil. The primary end point was PFS; secondary endpoints were overall survival, RR, safety, and methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) by immunohistochemistry and promoter methylation. RESULTS A total of 144 patients were enrolled between April 2013 and March 2016 to temozolomide (n = 72) or capecitabine and temozolomide (n = 72); the primary analysis population included 133 eligible patients. At the scheduled interim analysis in January 2018, the median PFS was 14.4 months for temozolomide versus 22.7 months for capecitabine/temozolomide (hazard ratio = 0.58), which was sufficient to reject the null hypothesis for the primary end point (stratified log-rank P = .022). In the final analysis (May 2021), the median overall survival was 53.8 months for temozolomide and 58.7 months for capecitabine/temozolomide (hazard ratio = 0.82, P = .42). MGMT deficiency was associated with response. CONCLUSION The combination of capecitabine/temozolomide was associated with a significant improvement in PFS compared with temozolomide alone in patients with advanced pancreatic NETs. The median PFS and RR observed with capecitabine/temozolomide are the highest reported in a randomized study for pancreatic NETs. MGMT deficiency was associated with response, and although routine MGMT testing is not recommended, it can be considered for select patients in need of objective response (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01824875 ).
Interplay of 3d and 4f electrons in ZrCuSiAs-type oxypnictide CeCrAsO
Authors: Chen J. , Wang M. M. , Qiao L. , Yang X. H. , Wu S. Q. , Lv B. J. , Tao Q. , Xu Z. A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We investigated the physical properties of ZrCuSiAs-type oxypnictide CeCrAsO polycrystals by electrical transport, magnetic and thermodynamic measurements below room temperature. No superconductivity is found down to the lowest temperature measured (1.8 K). A first-order magnetic transition is consistently observed at

. A Schottky anomaly is observed around 14 K and the ground-state doublet of Ce ions splits by 3.75 meV. It is suggested that the magnetic moments of Cr ions, which show long-range order above room temperature, reorient at

. Meanwhile the generated internal magnetic field induces a short-range antiferromagnetic order of Ce moments, serving as a good probe for demonstrating the interplay between Cr-3 d and Ce-4 f electrons and further investigating the magnetism of Cr ions.
Design gráfico para atravessar muros: o processo criativo de um livro produzido em diálogo com mulheres em situação de cárcere
Authors: Moreira Vânia Medeiros , Barbosa Lara Leite 
Published: October 2022

Este artigo busca refletir sobre o design gráfico do livro do projeto Mulheres Possíveis: corpo, gênero e encarceramento, desenvolvido através de ações artístico-pedagógicas com mulheres em situação de cárcere em São Paulo, entre 2018 e 2019. No âmbito do processo criativo da publicação analisada, o trabalho se compôs de Laboratórios de Criação, internos à unidade prisional, e do diálogo com pesquisadoras sobre o encarceramento feminino em massa no Brasil. O objetivo da investigação é demonstrar de que maneira a identidade gráfica deste material busca acompanhar as estratégias artístico-pedagógicas desenvolvidas e esboçar possíveis contribuições desta maneira de trabalhar para o campo do design participativo.
Ensino do Design na relação Trabalho e Educação: breve análise dos desafios históricos na Rede Federal de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica no Brasil
Authors: Da Hora Licia Cristina Araújo , Andrade dos Santos Camila , Rodrigues Karoline Parrião , Tsuji Tito Carvalho 
Published: October 2022

O artigo apresenta reflexões em torno de um Ensino do Design na busca de uma formação integradora, para situar o debate é contextualizado o surgimento e a expansão do ensino técnico e profissionalizante no Brasil, problematizando seu caráter dualista, apesar dos avanços alcançados pelo desenho e formatação dos Institutos Federais, bem como localizar os aspectos metodológicos e ferramentas do design nesse ambiente do ensino técnico. O objetivo deste trabalho é problematizar a relação Trabalho e Educação no ensino no campo do design e a travessia no âmbito da educação profissionalizante para construção de uma educação menos opressora e colonialista, em direção a uma outra que seja libertária, crítica e transformadora, integrando uma formação associada à cultura, a proteção e preservação ambiental, as tradições populares, aos povos originários dos territórios. Como metodologia utilizamos de fontes bibliográficas e documentais, buscando evidenciar o discurso oficial e a realidade social. Podemos destacar que o desafio para os educadores é enorme, a atual Reforma do Ensino Médio, foi pensada para afastar a escola da dura realidade desigual em que nos situamos no contexto atual, de ampliação da pobreza extrema e de complexidade da saúde da humanitária.
Levantamento de experiências prévias em desenho de estudantes ingressantes dos cursos de design gráfico: implicações e desdobramentos
Authors: Zimmermann Anelise , Coutinho Solange Galvão , Campello Silvio Romero Botelho Barreto 
Published: October 2022

Esse estudo apresenta a elaboração e aplicação de um questionário como instrumento de sondagem de experiências em desenho de ingressantes nos cursos de design, de forma a fornecer subsídios às atividades de ensino e identificação de necessidades específicas. Para sua elaboração, a revisão bibliográfica incluiu estudos sobre ensino do desenho na escola e a Teoria da Atividade. O questionário foi aplicado, como estudo piloto, na disciplina de Laboratório de Desenho para o Design, na Universidade Federal de Pernambuco em 2013. A partir dos resultados e adaptações, este passou a ser aplicado na disciplina de Laboratório de Desenho no Curso de Design Gráfico da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (2016-2022). Com isso, identificou-se que o questionário, além de auxiliar na sondagem das experiências prévias, também instrumentalizou a reflexão sobre a aprendizagem em desenho e relações com a sua prática.
Optimal in-depth trapping by tuning the correction collar of a dry objective lens
Authors: Alinezhad Hossein Gorjizadeh , Mahdavi Seyed Mohammad , Reihani S. Nader S. 
Published: October 2022

Optical tweezers are proven and indispensable micro-manipulation tools.
It is very common to use an immersion-assisted high NA objective for
optical trapping of micrometer-sized beads. However, such objectives
suffer from low working depth range. Here we show, both by theory and
experiment, that a dry objective can be utilized for optimal trapping
of even sub-micrometer objects. For the first time, to the best of our
knowledge, we were able to stably trap polystyrene beads with radii of
270 and 175 nm in 3D using an objective with numerical aperture
of 0.9.
Being Overweight Is Related to Neoaortic Sinus Dilatation After Arterial Switch Operation
Authors: Muneuchi Jun , Watanabe Mamie , Sugitani Yuichiro , Doi Hirohito , Furuta Takashi , Ezaki Hiroki , Kobayashi Masaru , Ochiai Yoshie 
Published: October 2022

Background
Neoaortic sinus dilatation is a late comorbidity after an arterial switch operation in patients with dextro-transposition of the great arteries. We aim to explore whether neoaortic sinus dilatation is related to overweight or obesity, as these affect aortic remodeling in such patients.

Methods
We measured neoaortic diameters including those for the annulus, sinus, sinotubular junction, and ascending aorta by echocardiography and studied the relationship between these diameters and body mass index in patients aged 15 years and older after an arterial switch operation.

Results
A total of 45 patients were studied. Median (interquartile range) age, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure at echocardiography were 20 (17–28) years, 21.2 (18.4–24.2) kg/m2, and 120 (112–127) mm Hg, respectively. Echocardiogram revealed the following median values (interquartile ranges): neoaortic annulus diameter, 22.2 (19.8–23.8) mm; sinus diameter, 34.6 (31.8–39.8) mm; sinotubular junction diameter, 27.5 (22.4–30.0) mm; and ascending aortic diameter, 20.4 (19.4–22.7) mm. The neoaortic sinus diameter was significantly correlated with body mass index (r = 0.41, P = .004) and was significantly larger in patients with concomitant ventricular septal defect (P < .001) and those who were over-weight (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2; P = .006).

Conclusion
Neoaortic sinus dilatation after an arterial switch operation is associated with being overweight during adolescence and young adulthood. It is important to prevent obesity in patients after an arterial switch operation and educate them on a healthy lifestyle.
Kaempferol: A potential agent in the prevention of colorectal cancer
Authors: Nejabati Hamid Reza , Roshangar Leila 
Published: October 2022

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer in relation to incidence and mortality rate and its incidence is considerably increasing annually due to the change in the dietary habit and lifestyle of the world population. Although conventional therapeutic options, such as surgery, chemo‐ and radiotherapy have profound impacts on the treatment of CRC, dietary therapeutic agents, particularly natural products have been regarded as the safest alternatives for the treatment of CRC. Kaempferol (KMP), a naturally derived flavonol, has been shown to reduce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide ions, hydroxyl radicals, and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), especially peroxynitrite. Furthermore, this flavonol inhibits xanthine oxidase (XO) activity and increases the activities of catalase, heme oxygenase‐1 (HO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a wide range of cancer and non‐cancer cells. Based on several studies, KMP is also a hopeful anticancer which carries out its anticancer action via suppression of angiogenesis, stimulation of apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. Due to various applications of KMP as an anticancer flavonol, this review article aims to highlight the current knowledge regarding the role of KMP in CRC.
Ectopic foci do not co‐locate with ventricular epicardial stretch during early acute regional ischemia in isolated pig hearts
Authors: Zhang Hanyu , Yu Han , Walcott Gregory P. , Rogers Jack M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEctopic activation during early acute regional ischemia may initiate fatal reentrant arrhythmias. However, the origin of this ectopy remains poorly understood. Studies suggest that systolic stretch arising from dyskinesia in ischemic tissue may cause ectopic depolarization due to cardiac mechanosensitivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the link between mechanical stretch and ectopic electrical activation during early acute regional ischemia. We used a recently developed optical mapping technique capable of simultaneous imaging of mechanical deformation and electrical activation in isolated hearts. Eight domestic swine hearts were prepared in left ventricular working mode (LVW), in which the left ventricle was loaded and contracting. In an additional eight non‐working (NW) hearts, contraction was pharmacologically suppressed with blebbistatin and the left ventricle was not loaded. In both groups, the left anterior descending coronary artery was tied below the first diagonal branch. Positive mechanical stretch (bulging) during systole was observed in the ischemic zones of LVW, but not NW, hearts. During ischemia phase 1a (0–15 min post‐occlusion), LVW hearts had more ectopic beats than NW hearts (median: 19, interquartile range: 10–28 vs. median: 2, interquartile range: 1–6; p = 0.02); but the difference during phase 1b (15–60 min post‐occlusion) was not significant (median: 27, interquartile range: 22–42 vs. median: 16, interquartile range: 12–31; p = 0.37). Ectopic beats arose preferentially from the ischemic border zone in both groups (p < 0.01). In LVW hearts, local mechanical stretch was only occasionally co‐located with ectopic foci (9 of 69 ectopic beats). Despite the higher rate of ectopy observed in LVW hearts during ischemia phase 1a, the ectopic beats generally did not arise by the hypothesized mechanism in which ectopic foci are generated by co‐local epicardial mechanical stretch.
Activated partial thromboplastin time maybe associated with the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yanhai , Liu Luying , Zhou Pingting , Luo Xiaoli , Liu Han-Qing , Yang Hua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
Hemostasis markers associated with tumors have been widely studied. However, the associations between the coagulation factors and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) prognosis remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate these associations.

Patients and methods
PTC patients treated at Shengjing Hospital between 2013 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into three groups. Clinical, ultrasound, and pathological patient characteristics were recorded. The blood routine, coagulation factors, and thyroid function data were compared.

Results
A total of 50 patients were selected and divided into Group 1 [complicated with second primary malignancies (SPMs)], Group 2 (with postoperative cervical lymph node metastasis), and Group 3 (control group). The ages of patients in Group 2 were significantly higher than those in the control group. The neutrophil ratio (%) in Group 1 was significantly higher than that in Groups 2 and 3, while its lymphocyte ratio (%) was significantly lower. The coagulation factor activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in the first and second groups was statistically significantly lower than that in the control group. There were no statistical differences in APTT between the first and second groups. Shorter APTT was associated with SPM and postoperative cervical lymph node metastasis.

Conclusions
Coagulation indicators, especially APTT, may be a new biomarker for predicting PTC prognosis and may provide a new molecular target, especially in combination with SPM and postoperative cervical lymph node metastasis.
Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: a review of existing literature
Authors: Kaur Lovedeep , Ahirwar Ashok Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
On November 24th, 2021 a case of a new viral variant of SARS-CoV-2 was reported by South Africa and Botswana to WHO, which later was designated as the variant of concern on 26th November 2021. It has around 60 mutations (50 non synonymous, 8 synonymous, and 2 non coding) as compared to the original parent strain of Wuhan. Different hypotheses have been put forward as an explanation for the origin like reverse zoonosis i.e. animal to human transmission, origin from an immune compromised patient or use of highly mutagenic drug like molnupiravir as treatment. A huge spike in cases around the globe is suggestive of a high rate of infectivity and transmissivity as compared to the previous known variants. With whatever cases have been documented so far, it is said that omicron causes mostly mild clinical illnesses and there is a less chance of hospitalization according to the clinicians. Among the reported cases, there were already vaccinated patients also. So there is a possibility that omicron might be able to evade the vaccine induced immunity due to a huge number of mutations (especially in the spike protein sequences). Until new vaccines specific to the pathogen are being developed, the coverage of the currently acceptable vaccines should be increased so that none is deprived of the mandatory doses and a third booster dose might help to reduce the chances of serious complications of this new strain beforehand. So an equal focus on the host and environment is required along with the pathogen.