bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The stochastic simulation of karst conduit network structure using anisotropic fast marching, and its application to a geologically complex alpine karst system
Authors: Fandel Chloé , Miville François , Ferré Ty , Goldscheider Nico , Renard Philippe 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAnisotropic fast-marching algorithms are computationally efficient tools for generating realistic maps of karst conduit networks, constrained by both the spatial extent and the orientation of karstifiable geologic units. Existing models to generate conduit network maps are limited either by high computational requirements (for chemistry-based models) or by their inability to incorporate the effects of elevation and orientation gradients (for isotropic fast-marching models). The new anisotropic fast-marching approach described here provides a significant improvement, though it imitates rather than reproduces actual speleogenetic processes. It can rapidly generate a stochastic ensemble of plausible networks from basic geologic information, which can also be used as input to karst-appropriate flow models. This paper introduces an open-source, easy-to-use implementation through the Python package pyKasso, then describes its application to a well-mapped geologically complex long-term study site: the Gottesacker alpine karst system (Germany/Austria). Groundwater flow in this system is exceptionally well understood from speleological investigations and tracer tests. Conduit formation primarily occurs at the base of the karst aquifer, following plunging synclines. Although previous attempts to reproduce the conduit network at this site yielded implausible network maps, pyKasso quickly generated networks faithful to the known conduit system. However, the model was only able to generate these realistic networks when the inlet-outlet connections of the system were correctly assigned, highlighting the importance of pairing modeling efforts with field tracer tests. Therefore, a model ensemble method is also presented, to optimize field efforts by identifying the most informative tracer tests to perform.
The Evaluation of Biomarkers of Physical Activity on Stress Resistance and Wellness
Authors: Muradyan Arpine , Macheiner Tanja , Mardiyan Marine , Sekoyan Eduard , Sargsyan Karine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPhysical activity can improve health as well as reduce stress and the risk of developing several widespread diseases. However, there exists no accepted standard biomedical examination-method for stress evaluation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of regular physical activity on stress and wellness as well as the evaluation of potential biomarkers in this field. This study included 105 people (mean age = 36.57 ± 1.4 years) who were randomly assigned into the exercise group 1 (EG-1) (n = 41), the exercise group 2 (EG-2) (n = 30), and the control group (CG) (n = 34). Measurements of stress and wellness were obtained by Multiscan BC-OXI before and after experimental period. This device presents a multifrequency segmental body composition 3D analyser with digital pulse oximeter. The key indicators of stress as well as for wellness were significantly improved in the EG-1. Parasympathetic activity showed significant changes as potential stress biomarker. Statistically significant gender differences were not observed in the comparable groups. The results suggest that the stress resistance and well-being significantly improved in the EG-1 due to regular physical activity. However, further research is necessary to determine effects of physical activity on integral health indicators.
Credit and income mobility in Russia
Authors: Aristei David , Perugini Cristiano 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the microeconomic drivers of short-term income mobility in Russia over the period 1994–2018, focusing on the role of access to credit in triggering household income growth. Controlling for a large set of household-level characteristics and accounting for endogeneity, we provide robust evidence on the positive and significant impact of credit on income growth. We also find that the pro-mobility effect of access to credit is heterogeneous both over time and across household characteristics. Our empirical evidence corroborates the idea that the beneficial impact of credit on income mobility mainly occurs through channels related to the labour market, particularly an increase in labour supply at the intensive margin in the short run and at both the extensive and intensive margins in the longer run.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce dose-dependent toxicosis in broiler chickens reared in summer season
Authors: Dosoky Waleed M. , Al-Banna Aya A. , Zahran Soliman M. , Farag Soha A. , Abdelsalam Nader R. , Khafaga Asmaa F. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis research evaluates the effect of dietary zinc oxide nanoparticles’ (ZnO NPs) supplementation on growth performance, immunity, oxidative antioxidative properties, and histopathological picture of broiler chicken reared in the summer season. A total of 224 1-day-old male Cobb chicks were randomly allocated to seven groups of dietary treatments (n = 32). Seven isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets were formulated. ZnO NPs were added to the basal diet at seven different levels, 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 ppm/kg diet, respectively, for 35 days. Results indicated that live body weight (g) did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between treatment groups, whereas compared to control, the 5 ppm ZnO NPs/kg diet recorded the highest live body weight at 21 and 35 days. No significant effects for the feed consumption (g/bird/period) and feed conversion ratio (g feed/g gain) among treated and control birds were observed. Hematological and immunological variables showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) dose-dependent modulations by ZnO NP supplementation. Significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences were observed in the phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, and IgM and IgG between the treatment groups, with the 5 and 10 ppm ZnO NPs/kg diet recording the best values, followed by the 20 ppm ZnO NPs/kg diet. Different supplementations had nonsignificant effects on the digestibility of nutrients (P ≤ 0.05). Histopathological pictures of the kidney, liver, and lymphoid organs, ultrastructural examination of muscle tissues, and expression of inflammatory cytokines showed dose-dependent morphological and structural changes. In conclusion, the ZnO NP supplementation in broiler diet to eliminate the heat stress hazards in summer season is recommended in dose level of not more than 10 ppm/kg diet.
Local Housing Choice Voucher Distribution Policies Impact Healthcare Utilization: a Randomized Natural Experiment
Authors: Cohen-Cline Hannah , Jones Kyle , Vartanian Keri B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhile associations between
obtaining affordable housing and improved health care are well documented, insufficient funding often forces housing authorities to prioritize limited housing vouchers to specific populations. We assessed the impact of obtaining housing on health care utilization at two urban housing authorities with different distribution policies: Housing Authority A prioritized seniors and people with disabilities, while Housing Authority B prioritized medically complex individuals and families with school-aged children. Both housing authorities used random selection to distribute vouchers, allowing us to conduct a randomized natural experiment of cases and waitlisted controls. No significant demographic differences were present between those receiving vouchers and waitlisted controls. Housing Authority A vouchers were associated with increased outpatient visits (OR = 1.19; P = 0.051). Housing Authority B vouchers decreased the likelihood of emergency department visits (OR = 0.61; P = 0.042). This study provides evidence that, while obtaining housing can result in better health care outcomes overall, local prioritization policies can influence that impact.
Can the Rorschach be Administered Remotely? A Review of Options and a Pilot Study Using a Newly Developed R-PAS App
Authors: Ales Francesca , Meyer Gregory J. , Mihura Joni L. , Loia Andrea Corgiat , Pasqualini Sara , Zennaro Alessandro , Giromini Luciano 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has required psychologists to adopt measures like physical distancing and mask wearing, though other safety procedures such as travel restrictions or prohibitions on in-person practice and research have fostered the use of tele-health tools. In this article, we review options for using the Rorschach task via videoconference and provide preliminary data from using a new electronic app for remote R-PAS administration to determine whether the remote administration in an electronic form yields different information than in-person administration with the cards in hand. As a pilot study, our focus is on the “first factor” of all Rorschach scores, i.e., complexity. Data were collected from 60 adult Italian community volunteers, and statistical analyses evaluated the extent to which the average complexity score significantly departed from R-PAS normative expectations (SS = 100), accompanied by Bayesian likelihoods for supporting the null hypothesis. Results suggest that the general level of complexity shown by the test-takers when administered the Rorschach remotely with the new R-PAS app closely resembles that previously observed using “standard” in-person procedures. Tentative analyses of other R-PAS scores suggested normative departures that could be due to the effects of the app, testing at home, or responses to the pandemic. We offer recommendations for future research and discuss practical implications.
Expert Stakeholders’ Perspectives on How Cisgender Heterosexual Boys and Young Men Navigate Sex and Intimacy in Australia: A Case for “Heterosexual Intimacies” in Policy and Practice
Authors: Waling Andrea , James Alexandra , Fairchild Jackson 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Cisgender heterosexual boys and young men in Australia may experience or perpetuate a range of harms in their romantic and sexual encounters with women due to expectations that they adhere to problematic ideals and norms concerning masculinity and heterosexuality. This paper explores expert stakeholders’ perceptions on these key issues, and their broader implications for policy and practice.

Methods
Using inductive thematic analysis techniques, this paper draws on semi-structured interviews from 23 expert stakeholders working across sectors of gendered violence prevention, sexual health, relationships and sexuality education, sport, and emotional and physical wellbeing.

Results
Findings note several key concerns, including (1) hesitation and lack of adequate information regarding relationships with women; (2) the potential negative influence of pornography; (3) the lack of opportunities to be engaged in sexual health promotion initiatives; and (4) limited opportunities to have meaningful conversations about dating, sex, and intimacy.

Conclusions
Expert stakeholders note several important gaps in policy and practice that need to be addressed to better support cisgender heterosexual boys and young men, and to confront gendered violence and sexual violence.

Social and Policy Implications
Understanding these gaps is vital for policymakers, content and program creators, and service providers working with cisgender heterosexual boys and men. We advocate for thinking about a strategy that is centred around “heterosexual intimacies”, in which addressing boys and young men’s sexual health and wellbeing is brought together with gendered violence prevention and sexual violence prevention initiatives.
Random Interpolating Sequences in the Polydisc and the Unit Ball
Authors: Dayan Alberto , Wick Brett D. , Wu Shengkun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe study almost surely separating and interpolating properties of random sequences in the polydisc and the unit ball. In the unit ball, we obtain the 0–1 Komolgorov law for a sequence to be interpolating almost surely for all the Besov–Sobolev spaces $$B_{2}^{\sigma }\left( \mathbb {B}_{d}\right) $$

B

2

σ

B
d

, in the range $$0 < \sigma \le 1 / 2$$

0
<
σ
≤
1
/
2

. For those spaces, such interpolating sequences coincide with interpolating sequences for their multiplier algebras, thanks to the Pick property. This is not the case for the Hardy space $$\mathrm {H}^2(\mathbb {D}^d)$$

H

2

(

D

d

)

and its multiplier algebra $$\mathrm {H}^\infty (\mathbb {D}^d)$$

H

∞

(

D

d

)

: in the polydisc, we obtain a sufficient and a necessary condition for a sequence to be $$\mathrm {H}^\infty (\mathbb {D}^d)$$

H

∞

(

D

d

)

-interpolating almost surely. Those two conditions do not coincide, due to the fact that the deterministic starting point is less descriptive of interpolating sequences than its counterpart for the unit ball. On the other hand, we give the $$0-1$$

0
-
1

law for random interpolating sequences for $$\mathrm {H}^2(\mathbb {D}^d)$$

H

2

(

D

d

)

.
Evaluation of Genetic Kidney Diseases in Living Donor Kidney Transplantation: Towards Precision Genomic Medicine in Donor Risk Assessment
Authors: Caliskan Yasar , Lee Brian , Whelan Adrian M. , Abualrub Fadee , Lentine Krista L. , Jittirat Arksarapuk 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo provide a comprehensive update on the role of genetic testing for the evaluation of kidney transplant recipient and living donor candidates.Recent FindingsThe evaluation of candidates for living donor transplantation and their potential donors occurs within an ever-changing landscape impacted by new evidence and risk assessment techniques. Criteria that were once considered contraindications to living kidney donation are now viewed as standard of care, while new tools identify novel risk markers that were unrecognized in past decades. Recent work suggests that nearly 10% of a cohort of patients with chronic/end-stage kidney disease had an identifiable genetic etiology, many whose original cause of renal disease was either unknown or misdiagnosed. Some also had an incidentally found genetic variant, unrelated to their nephropathy, but medically actionable. These patterns illustrate the substantial potential for genetic testing to better guide the selection of living donors and recipients, but guidance on the proper application and interpretation of novel technologies is in its infancy. In this review, we examine the utility of genetic testing in various kidney conditions, and discuss risks and unresolved challenges. Suggested algorithms in the context of related and unrelated donation are offered.SummaryGenetic testing is a rapidly evolving strategy for the evaluation of candidates for living donor transplantation and their potential donors that has potential to improve risk assessment and optimize the safety of donation.
Age of Diagnosis for Co-occurring Autism and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder During Childhood and Adolescence: a Systematic Review
Authors: Sainsbury Willow J. , Carrasco Kelly , Whitehouse Andrew J. O. , McNeil Lauren , Waddington Hannah 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Early identification and intervention are recognised as important elements of the clinical pathway for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children with ASD and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be diagnosed at a different age than children who only have one of these diagnoses. This systematic review aimed to identify the age at which children were diagnosed with both ASD and ADHD. Of the 9552 articles screened, 12 were included in the review. The findings suggest that ASD is typically diagnosed later when ADHD is present, and ADHD is typically diagnosed earlier when ASD is present. Further research is needed to understand the factors impacting a delayed ASD diagnosis and an earlier ADHD diagnosis when the two conditions co-occur.
Anti-hypothalamus autoantibodies in anorexia nervosa: a possible new mechanism in neuro-physiological derangement?
Authors: Escelsior Andrea , Cogorno Ludovica , Sukkar Samir G. , Amerio Andrea , Donini Lorenzo M. , Bellomo Marina , Iervasi Erika , Amore Mario , Saverino Daniele 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious and complex mental disorder affecting mainly young adult women. AN patients are characterized by low body weight in combination with self-induced starvation, intense fear of gaining weight, and distortion of body image. AN is a multifactorial disease, linked by recent evidence to a dysregulation of the immune system.

Methods
In this pilot study, 22 blood serums from AN patients were tested for the presence of autoantibodies against primate hypothalamic periventricular neurons by immunofluorescence and by a home-made ELISA assay. Cellular fluorescence suggests the presence of autoantibodies which are able to recognize these neurons (both to body cell and fiber levels). By means of ELISA, these autoantibodies are quantitatively evaluated. In addition, orexigenic and anorexigenic molecules were measured by ELISA. As control, 18 blood serums from healthy age matched woman were analysed.

Results
All AN patients showed a reactivity against hypothalamic neurons both by immunofluorescence and ELISA. In addition, ghrelin, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), and agouti-related peptide (AGRP) were significantly higher than in control serums (p < 0.0001). In contrast, leptin was significantly lower in AN patients than controls (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Immunoreaction and ELISA assays on AN blood serum suggest the presence of autoantibodies AN related. However, it is not easy to determine the action of these antibodies in vivo: they could interact with specific ligands expressed by hypothalamic cells preventing their physiological role, however, it is also possible that they could induce an aspecific stimulation in the target cells leading to an increased secretion of anorexigenic molecules. Further studies are needed to fully understand the involvement of the immune system in AN pathogenesis.

Level of evidence
V, descriptive study.
Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Ambient PM2.5 in Asia-Pacific: a Systematic Review of Cohort Studies
Authors: Yang Zhengyu , Mahendran Rahini , Yu Pei , Xu Rongbin , Yu Wenhua , Godellawattage Sugeesha , Li Shanshan , Guo Yuming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Health effects of long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 vary with regions, and 75% of the deaths attributable to PM2.5 were estimated in Asia-Pacific in 2017. This systematic review aims to summarize the existing evidence from cohort studies on health effects of long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 in Asia-Pacific.

Recent Findings
In Asia-Pacific, 60 cohort studies were conducted in Australia, Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and South Korea. They consistently supported associations of long-term exposure to PM2.5 with increased all-cause/non-accidental and cardiovascular mortality as well as with incidence of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, kidney diseases, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Evidence for other health effects was limited. Inequalities were identified in PM2.5-health associations.

Summary
To optimize air pollution control and public health prevention, further studies need to assess the health effects of long-term PM2.5 exposure in understudied regions, the health effects of long-term PM2.5 exposure on mortality and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, renal diseases, dementia and lung cancer, and inequalities in PM2.5-health associations. Study design, especially exposure assessment methods, should be improved.
Structural and geochemical features of coal-bearing sediments and sources of rare element impurities in coals of the Rakovka depression, Primorsky Krai, Russia
Authors: Popov Nikita , Chekryzhov Igor , Tarasenko Irina , Kasatkin Sergery , Kholodov Aleksei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere are known brown coal deposits in Primorsky Krai (Russian Federation), where coals contain rare elements (Ge, U, REE, etc.) up to industrial concentrations. One of the known metalliferous coals is the Rakovka coal-bearing depression, located on the southern edge of the Khanka (Prikhankaiskaya) Lowland, with an area of about 70 km2. Rare-metal granites with a developed weathering crust are spread in its basement and flanks. The structural conditions forming the depression were studied using measurements of orientations of structural elements (layering, contacts, veins, and dikes) with regard to kinematic conditions of faulting. The coal and host rocks were sampled in sections in the cross strike of the coal seam. Granites and dikes cutting them were sampled by separate rock chip samples. The chemical composition and element content were determined for all samples. It was found that the adjacent rocks played a major role in the formation of the Rakovka rare-metal-coal deposit. The rare-elements enrichment is not associated with active tectonics, faults, and hydrothermal sources, as was previously assumed. Rather, it was caused by the hydrogenic and clastogenic removal of these metals from the weathering crust of granites of the depression's flanks and argillated basite dikes cutting the granites. The hydrogenic nature of the anomalous accumulation of U in sorbed form on organic matter of coals is confirmed by the predominant enrichment of low-ash beds. Rare earth elements entered coal seams both in mineral and dissolved forms. A model of REE and uranium input into the coal-bearing sediments of the Rakovka depression was proposed.
Defining potential valuables through the characterisation of lake sediments: case study in Arkelstorp bay, Sweden
Authors: Djerf Henric , Ferrans Laura 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study aims to characterise and discuss the potential use of sediment from the Arkelstorp bay located in the south of Sweden. Sediments from the Arkelstorp bay is collected and analysed on nutrient content, age, and potential contaminants. No organic environmental pollutants are found and the metal content are not elevated but still problematically high. For example, the amount of cadmium per phosphorus is 480 mg Cd kg−1P. However, as the carbon 14-datings showed, the sediment is preindustrial. Therefore, the amount of registered cadmium comes naturally from the surrounding environment. Arkelstorp sediments present the potential to become a source of nutrition in agriculture. The results show that the material is a good source of nutrients, with a nitrogen content of 18 g kg−1dry matter (DM), phosphorus 0.8 g kg−1DM and potassium 2.4 g kg−1DM respectively. However, the metal content is problematic to use the material without any pre-treatment. On the other hand, bioenergy production is expected to increase in the future, where this resource could potentially be helpful for the cultivation of bioenergy crops.
C-simplicity has no local obstruction
Authors: Suzuki Yuhei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn 2016, I solved a problem of de la Harpe from 2006: Is there a nondiscrete C$^{\ast }$-simple group? However the solution was not fully satisfactory, as the C$^{\ast }$-simple groups provided (and their operator algebras) are very close to discrete groups. All previously known examples are of this form. In this article I give yet another construction of nondiscrete C$^{\ast }$-simple groups. The statement in the title then follows. This in particular gives the first examples of nonelementary C$^{\ast }$-simple groups (in Wesolek’s sense).
Unramified logarithmic Hodge–Witt cohomology and -invariance
Authors: Kai Wataru , Otabe Shusuke , Yamazaki Takao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Let X be a smooth proper variety over a field k and suppose that the degree map

${\mathrm {CH}}_0(X \otimes _k K) \to \mathbb {Z}$

is isomorphic for any field extension

$K/k$

. We show that

$G(\operatorname {Spec} k) \to G(X)$

is an isomorphism for any

$\mathbb {P}^1$

-invariant Nisnevich sheaf with transfers G. This generalises a result of Binda, Rülling and Saito that proves the same conclusion for reciprocity sheaves. We also give a direct proof of the fact that the unramified logarithmic Hodge–Witt cohomology is a

$\mathbb {P}^1$

-invariant Nisnevich sheaf with transfers.