bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and Validation of Serum CST1 as a Diagnostic Marker for Differentiating Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer from Pulmonary Benign Nodules
Authors: Lai Yanzhen , Wang Yu , Wu Yaxian , Wu Meng , Xing Shan , Xie Ying , Chen Shulin , Li Xiaohui , Zhang Ao , He Yi , Li Huilan , Dai Shuqin , Wang Junye , Lin Shudai , Bai Yunmeng , Du Hongli , Liu Wanli 
Published: June 2022

Background Effective means for early diagnosis are imperative to reduce death rate of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. We aimed to find out high-performance serologic markers to distinguish early-stage NSCLC patients from benign pulmonary nodule patients and healthy controls (HC). Cystatin-SN (CST1) is an active cysteine protease inhibitor of the CST superfamily, involving in the processes of inflammation and tumorigenesis. This is the first exploration of the diagnostic and prognostic values of serum CST1 in NSCLC. Methods We analyzed the transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Gene Expression Omnibus database, screened biomarkers for NSCLC, and verified the candidate markers via the ONCOMINE database. Then, we performed ELISA, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry analysis to detect the expression levels of CST1 in NSCLC cell lines, tumor tissues, and serum samples of clinical cohorts. Results We identified 3 up-regulated secreted protein-encoding genes, validated the expression levels of CST1 in NSCLC tumor tissues and cell lines, and found that serum CST1 levels of NSCLC (4289 ± 2405 pg/mL) were significantly higher than those of PBN patients (1558 ± 441 pg/mL, P < .0001) and healthy controls (1529 ± 416 pg/mL, P < .0001). The AUC of the combination of CST1, Cytokeratin 19 fragment (Cyfra21-1), and Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for distinguishing early-stage NSCLC from PBN/HC was as high as .914/0.925. Furthermore, our results suggested that the NSCLC patient with low serum CST1 level had a better survival rate. Conclusions Serum CST1 may serve as a novel diagnostic marker for differentiating early-stage NSCLC from PBN and HC, and could be used as a prognosis predictor in NSCLC patients.
Estimating the impact of work difficulties, work self-efficacy and work psychological safety on MS-related work productivity loss
Authors: Bessing Barnabas , Claflin Suzi B , Taylor Bruce V , Blizzard Leigh , Honan Cynthia A , van Dijk Pieter , Kirk-Brown Andrea , van der Mei Ingrid 
Published: June 2022

Background: A comprehensive understanding of factors associated with multiple sclerosis (MS)-related work productivity loss will inform targeted interventions. We have previously shown the strong impact of symptom severity on MS-related work productivity loss. However, the effect of work difficulties, work self-efficacy and work psychological safety is yet to be well evaluated in this context. Objectives: This study evaluates the association between work difficulties, work self-efficacy and work psychological safety, and MS-related presenteeism, absenteeism and total work productivity loss. Methods: We analysed data from employed participants of the Australian MS Longitudinal Study (AMSLS) who took part in both the 2015 Medication and Disease Course survey, and 2015 Employment survey ( n = 744). Data were analysed using Cragg Hurdle regression models. Results: We found that low workplace self-esteem, interpersonal difficulties at work and work self-efficacy were associated with total work productivity loss. In a multivariable model, a 10-unit decrease in workplace self-esteem, increase in interpersonal difficulties at work and 5-unit increase in work self-efficacy were independently associated with a 3.75% increase, 2.89% increase and 3.36% reduction in total work productivity loss, respectively. When separating total work productivity loss in presenteeism and absenteeism, stronger effects were seen for presenteeism than absenteeism. Surprisingly, work psychological safety was not associated with MS-related work productivity loss. Conclusion: Work psychosocial well-being such as self-confidence at work, work self-efficacy and interpersonal difficulties at work are crucial factors governing work productivity in people with MS (PwMS). Multidisciplinary support team assistance of PwMS in symptom self-care, skills around effective communication about MS in the workplace, the psychological impact of work and the modification of work demands may positively influence the employment outcomes.
A Qualitative Study Exploring Feasibility and Acceptability of Acupuncture, Yoga, and Mindfulness Meditation for Managing Weight After Breast Cancer
Authors: Ee Carolyn , Singleton Anna C. , de Manincor Michael , Elder Elisabeth , Davis Nikki , Mitchell Christine , Dune Tinashe , MacMillan Freya , McBride Kate , Grant Suzanne 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Weight gain is common after breast cancer. Yoga, mindfulness meditation, and acupuncture may assist with managing weight. However, evidence on effectiveness is limited. This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of recruiting for and implementing a randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating these interventions as adjuncts to lifestyle interventions (diet and exercise) for weight management in women with breast cancer. Methods: Qualitative study involving virtual focus groups or semi-structured interviews. Participants were recruited via email invitation from a breast cancer consumer organization and breast cancer center in Australia. Eligible participants had received treatment for breast cancer, and were fluent in English. A purposive sample of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) participants was also recruited. Focus groups and interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis with the constant comparison method. Results: Emails were sent to 1415 women of which 37 provided data in 5 focus groups and 1 semi-structured interview, including 1 focus group (n = 6) with only women from CALD backgrounds. Yoga and mindfulness meditation were perceived as feasible and acceptable for weight management, but acupuncture was seen to be too invasive to be acceptable. A focus on wellness rather than weight reduction, flexible program delivery, trusted advice, consideration of participant burden and benefit, and peer-support were key factors perceived to increase feasibility and acceptability. Conclusions: Yoga and mindfulness meditation are acceptable and useful adjuncts to lifestyle interventions for weight management after breast cancer. This research places end-users at the forefront of trial design, and will inform future trials using these interventions for weight management and improving health and wellbeing after breast cancer.
Optimising the use of cell salvage in revision hip arthroplasty
Authors: Walker Lucy C , Halliwell Emma , Veitch Stephen W 
Published: June 2022

Background: Intraoperative cell salvage is an established method to reduce the requirement for and the volume of allogenic blood transfusion but adds to the financial cost of performing surgery. Aims: The primary aim of this study was to determine which patients and what type of revision hip surgery benefit most from intraoperative cell salvage. Methods: This observational study included patients who underwent revision hip surgery performed by the senior author at a single orthopaedic unit. The cohort was divided into single and two-component revision groups; then, the transfusion requirement combined with analysis of patient factors was used to create a decision-making protocol. Findings: The two-component group had a significantly higher number of cases using cell salvage and a higher total transfusion volume. Patients who required postoperative allogenic blood transfusions had a higher mean age, were less likely to have received tranexamic acid and had a lower preoperative haemoglobin level. Conclusion: Based on these results, a decision-making protocol was developed for when to use cell salvage in revision hip surgery.
Missing the trees for the forest: most subgroup analyses using forest plots at the ASCO annual meeting are inconclusive
Authors: Hahn Andrew W. , Dizman Nazli , Msaouel Pavlos 
Published: June 2022

Background: Oncologists often refer to forest plots to determine which patient subgroups may be more likely to benefit from a therapy tested in a randomized clinical trial (RCT). We sought to empirically determine the information content of subgroup comparisons from forest plots of RCTs. Methods: We assessed all forest plots from RCTs of therapeutic interventions presented orally at the American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meetings in 2020 and 2021. Subgroups were considered as showing evidence of treatment effect heterogeneity in forest plots when their confidence intervals (CIs) did not overlap with the vertical line corresponding to the main effect observed in the overall RCT cohort. Subgroups were considered as showing evidence of treatment effect homogeneity in forest plots when their CIs did not meaningfully differ, within 80–125% equivalence range, with the values compatible with the main effect. All other subgroups were considered as inconclusive. Results: A total of 99 forest plots were presented, and only 24.2% contained one or more subgroups suggestive of treatment effect heterogeneity. A total of 81 forest plots provided enough information to evaluate treatment effect heterogeneity and homogeneity. These 81 forest plots represented a total of 1344 individual subgroups, of which 57.2% were inconclusive, 41.1% showed evidence of treatment effect homogeneity, and 1.6% yielded evidence suggestive of treatment effect heterogeneity. Conclusion: The majority of subgroup comparisons were inconclusive in this empirical analysis of forest plots used in oncology RCTs. Different strategies should be considered to improve the estimation and representation of subgroup-specific effects.
Technology-supported strategies for promoting user engagement with digital mental health interventions: A systematic review
Authors: Gan Daniel Z Q , McGillivray Lauren , Larsen Mark E , Christensen Helen , Torok Michelle 
Published: June 2022

Background Although digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) offer a potential solution for increasing access to mental health treatment, their integration into real-world settings has been slow. A key reason for this is poor user engagement. A growing number of studies evaluating strategies for promoting engagement with DMHIs means that a review of the literature is now warranted. This systematic review is the first to synthesise evidence on technology-supported strategies for promoting engagement with DMHIs. Methods MEDLINE, EmbASE, PsycINFO and PubMed databases were searched from 1 January 1995 to 1 October 2021. Experimental or quasi-experimental studies examining the effect of technology-supported engagement strategies deployed alongside DMHIs were included, as were secondary analyses of such studies. Title and abstract screening, full-text coding and quality assessment were performed independently by two authors. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise findings from the included studies. Results 24 studies (10,266 participants) were included. Engagement strategies ranged from reminders, coaching, personalised information and peer support. Most strategies were disseminated once a week, usually via email or telephone. There was some empirical support for the efficacy of technology-based strategies towards promoting engagement. However, findings were mixed regardless of strategy type or study aim. Conclusions Technology-supported strategies appear to increase engagement with DMHIs; however, their efficacy varies widely by strategy type. Future research should involve end-users in the development and evaluation of these strategies to develop a more cohesive set of strategies that are acceptable and effective for target audiences, and explore the mechanism(s) through which such strategies promote engagement.
MetaGS: an accurate method to impute and combine SNP effects across populations using summary statistics
Authors: Jighly Abdulqader , Benhajali Haifa , Liu Zengting , Goddard Mike E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Meta-analysis describes a category of statistical methods that aim at combining the results of multiple studies to increase statistical power by exploiting summary statistics. Different industries that use genomic prediction do not share their raw data due to logistic or privacy restrictions, which can limit the size of their reference populations and creates a need for a practical meta-analysis method.

Results
We developed a meta-analysis, named MetaGS, that duplicates the results of multi-trait best linear unbiased prediction (mBLUP) analysis without accessing raw data. MetaGS exploits the correlations among different populations to produce more accurate population-specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects. The method improves SNP effect estimations for a given population depending on its relations to other populations. MetaGS was tested on milk, fat and protein yield data of Australian Holstein and Jersey cattle and it generated very similar genomic estimated breeding values to those produced using the mBLUP method for all traits in both breeds. One of the major difficulties when combining SNP effects across populations is the use of different variants for the populations, which limits the applications of meta-analysis in practice. We solved this issue by developing a method to impute missing summary statistics without using raw data. Our results showed that imputing summary statistics can be done with high accuracy (r > 0.9) even when more than 70% of the SNPs were missing with a minimal effect on prediction accuracy.

Conclusions
We demonstrated that MetaGS can replace the mBLUP model when raw data cannot be shared, which can lead to more flexible collaborations compared to the single-trait BLUP model.
Bio-informatic analysis of CRISPR protospacer adjacent motifs (PAMs) in T4 genome
Authors: Rawashdeh Omar , Rawashdeh Rabeah Y. , Kebede Temesgen , Kapp David , Ralescu Anca 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The existence of protospacer adjacent motifs (PAMs) sequences in bacteriophage genome is critical for the recognition and function of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-Cas (CRISPR-Cas) machinery system. We further elucidate the significance of PAMs and their function, particularly as a part of transcriptional regulatory regions in T4 bacteriophages.

Methods
A scripting language was used to analyze a sequence of T4 phage genome, and a list of few selected PAMs. Mann-Whitney Wilcoxon (MWW) test was used to compare the sequence hits for the PAMs versus the hits of all the possible sequences of equal lengths.

Results
The results of MWW test show that certain PAMs such as: ‘NGG’ and ‘TATA’ are preferably located at the core of phage promoters: around -10 position, whereas the position around -35 appears to have no detectable count variation of any of the tested PAMs. Among all tested PAMs, the following three sequences: 5’-GCTV-3’, 5’-TTGAAT-3’ and 5’-TTGGGT-3’ have higher prevalence in essential genes. By analyzing all the possible ways of reading PAM sequences as codons for the corresponding amino acids, it was found that deduced amino acids of some PAMs have a significant tendency to prefer the surface of proteins.

Conclusion
These results provide novel insights into the location and the subsequent identification of the role of PAMs as transcriptional regulatory elements. Also, CRISPR targeting certain PAM sequences is somehow likely to be connected to the hydrophilicity (water solubility) of amino acids translated from PAM’s triplets. Therefore, these amino acids are found at the interacting unit at protein-protein interfaces.
Systematic analysis and expression profiles of TCP gene family in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) revealed the potential function of FtTCP15 and FtTCP18 in response to abiotic stress
Authors: Yang Mingfang , He Guandi , Hou Qiandong , Fan Yu , Duan Lili , Li Kuiyin , Wei Xiaoliao , Qiu Zhilang , Chen Erjuan , He Tengbing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
As transcription factors, the TCP genes are considered to be promising targets for crop enhancement for their responses to abiotic stresses. However, information on the systematic characterization and functional expression profiles under abiotic stress of TCPs in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) is limited.

Results
In this study, we identified 26 FtTCPs and named them according to their position on the chromosomes. Phylogenetic tree, gene structure, duplication events, and cis-acting elements were further studied and syntenic analysis was conducted to explore the bioinformatic traits of the FtTCP gene family. Subsequently, 12 FtTCP genes were selected for expression analysis under cold, dark, heat, salt, UV, and waterlogging (WL) treatments by qRT-PCR. The spatio-temporal specificity, correlation analysis of gene expression levels and interaction network prediction revealed the potential function of FtTCP15 and FtTCP18 in response to abiotic stresses. Moreover, subcellular localization confirmed that FtTCP15 and FtTCP18 localized in the nucleus function as transcription factors.

Conclusions
In this research, 26 TCP genes were identified in Tartary buckwheat, and their structures and functions have been systematically explored. Our results reveal that the FtTCP15 and FtTCP18 have special cis-elements in response to abiotic stress and conserved nature in evolution, indicating they could be promising candidates for further functional verification under multiple abiotic stresses.
The relationship between ambulatory arterial stiffness index and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in HFpEF: a prospective observational study
Authors: Zhang Hanwen , Hu Weiwei , Wang Yu , Liu Jie , You Linna , Dong Qian , Chang Guanglei , Cheng Xiaocheng , Liu Zhiqiang , Zhang Dongying 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The relationship between ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is unknown. We aimed to investigate the association between the AASI and LVDD in HFpEF.

Methods
We prospective enrolled consecutive patients with HFpEF in Chongqing, China. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24 h-ABPM) and echocardiography were performed in each patient. AASI was obtained through individual 24 h-ABPM. The relationship between AASI and LVDD was analyzed.

Results
A total of 107 patients with HFpEF were included. The mean age was 68.45 ± 14.02 years and 63 (59%) were women. The patients were divided into two groups according to the upper normal border of AASI (0.55). AASI > 0.55 group were more likely to be older, to have higher mean systolic blood pressure and worsen left ventricular diastolic function than AASI group ≤ 0.55. AASI was closely positive related to the diastolic function parameters, including mean E/e′ (r = 0.307, P = 0.001), septal E/e′ (r = 0.290, P = 0.002), lateral E/e′ (r = 0.276, P = 0.004) and E (r = 0.274, P = 0.004). After adjusting for conventional risk factors, AASI was still an independent risk factors of mean E/e′ > 10 in patients with HFpEF (OR: 2.929, 95%CI: 1.214–7.064, P = 0.017), and the association between AASI and mean E/e′ > 14 was reduced (OR: 2.457, 95%CI: 1.030–5.860, P = 0.043). AASI had a partial predictive value for mean E/e′ > 10 (AUC = 0.691, P = 0.002), while the predictive value for mean E/e′ > 14 was attenuated (AUC = 0.624, P = 0.034).

Conclusion
AASI was positive related to E/e′ in HFpEF and might be an independent risk factor for the increase of mean E/e′.
Illness perception and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in Iran
Authors: Thagizadeh Aysan , Ghahramanian Akram , Zamanzadeh Vahid , Aslanabadi Naser , Onyeka Tonia C. , Ramazanzadeh Nargess 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Knowing of perception of the illness, and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with myocardial infarction is crucial in engaging in effective secondary prevention. This study aimed to examine illness perception and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods
The participants comprised 131 patients undergoing a first-time percutaneous coronary intervention at a metropolitan, tertiary referral hospital in Tabriz, Iran. The convenience sampling method was employed to select the research sample within a six-month period. The instruments used were as follows: (1) Demographic and health information form, (2) The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (3) The Health Risk Assessment framework developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The design of the study was descriptive, cross sectional. The continuous variables were analyzed using Independent t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA); and categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test.

Results
Most participants had a positive family history of cardiovascular disease (54.2%), with 66.4% of participants having at least one cardiovascular risk factor such as diabetes (36.6%) hypertension (32.8%) and dyslipidemia (16%). Most participants were physically inactive (78.6%), about 48.9% were overweight, 34.4% suffered from obesity and 26% were smokers. Illness perception in this study was seen to be high (6.21), with highest scores occurring in the illness control dimension (6.83) and lowest scores occurring in the understanding dimension (3.77). There was a significant relationship between illness perception and physical activity, nutrition, sleep and general health. Direct significant relationships between biometric values (cholesterol, glucose, blood pressure); psychological factors (depression, anxiety and stress) and illness perception were also found to exist.

Conclusions
Low scores in two dimensions of illness perception may lead to psychological consequences such as stress, anxiety, and depression. The relationship between illness perception and some risk factors of cardiovascular disease such as physical activity, diet and biometric values, reveal the need for more attention to patient education and counselling.