bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Study of DNA Adduct (8-OHdG) Formation of Rattus novergicus Using Bisphenol a through Fenton-Like Reaction and Nickel (II) as Cancer Risk Biomarker
Authors: Budiawan  , Cahaya Dani Intan , Fransisca Olivyana Rugian Chrissy , Handayani Sri 
Published: March 2022

Bisphenol A (BPA) has been used in many consumer products including plastics, and food packaging. There is the evidence that Bisphenol A have potential to cause oxidative stress by disturbing the redox status in cells. We have conducted the in vivo study of BPA and Ni(II) exposure to Rattus novergicus and confirmed the formation of DNA adduct 8-OHdG as biomarker of oxidative stress and cancer risk. Subacute dose of BPA (2 mg/kg BW) and Ni (II) metals (0.1 μg/kg BW) have been exposed to animal test for 28 days. We collected the urine sample of animal samples every week. The formation of 8-OHdG found in urine of animal samples monitored by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The result of this study indicates that levels of 8-OHdG in animal samples exposed to BPA and BPA-Ni (II) increase every week. However, levels of 8-OHdG in animal samples exposed by BPA-Ni (II) is less than levels of 8-OHdG in animal samples exposed by BPA only. This can be happened because Ni (II) given to animal samples are not in the excessed levels, therefore the synergic effect of BPA and Ni (II) has not already been seen. The hydroxyl radical can cause oxidative DNA damage and interact with DNA guanine base by producing DNA adduct 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). This book aimed to obtain information regarding in vivo study of BPA and metal ions exposure can generate hydroxyl radical as a dominant form of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that can interact with macromolecules such as DNA and form DNA adduct as biomarker of oxidative stress and cancer risk.
Merjenje tlakov plevralnega prostora med razbremenilno punkcijo (plevralna manometrija) kot varna in objektivna metoda pri ocenjevanju vpliva plevralnega izliva na izražanje simptomov
Authors: Meglič Anita , Adamič Katja , Dimitrić Vladimir , Nikolić Vesna , Rozman Aleš , Marc Malovrh Mateja 
Published: March 2022

Izhodišča: Bolniki s plevralnim izlivom pogosto potrebujejo razbremenilno plevralno punkcijo (RPP), po kateri navajajo bolj ali manj izrazito olajšanje dispneje. Zaradi varnosti se priporoča, da se med RPP odstrani do 1.500 mL tekočine.
Metode: V raziskavo smo vključili 96 bolnikov, pri katerih je bila potrebna RPP. Zbirali smo ocene stopnje dispneje na lestvici VAS pred, takoj po in 2 uri po RPP, pri 73 bolnikih pa še 24 ur po RPP ter beležili količino odstranjene tekočine. Med RPP smo z vodnim manometrom merili plevralne tlake, iz katerih smo izračunali elastanco plevralnega prostora in na podlagi meritev bolnike razdelili v skupine z različnimi elastančnimi krivuljami.
Rezultati: Med začetnim plevralnim tlakom in količino odstranjene tekočine ter olajšanjem dispneje po opravljeni RPP smo ugotovili statistično značilno povezanost. Pri največjem deležu bolnikov smo RPP zaključili zaradi pojava simptomov, zaradi meritev plevralnega tlaka pa smo RPP prekinili pri 16 bolnikih (16,7 %). V skupino z normalno elastančno krivuljo smo uvrstili 74 bolnikov, nezmožnost razpenjanja pljuč pa smo ugotovili pri 22 bolnikih. Med RPP ni bilo pomembnih zapletov, kljub temu da smo več kot 1.500 mL izliva odstranili pri 32 (33 %) bolnikih.
Zaključek: Višji začetni plevralni tlak je šibko povezan z višjo začetno stopnjo dispneje in večjim olajšanjem dispneje po opravljeni RPP. Najbolj uporabna je dinamika sprememb plevralnega tlaka, s katero lahko že med RPP prepoznamo nezmožnost razpenjanja pljuč. Med RPP s plevralno manometrijo lahko varno odstranimo tudi več kot 1.500 mL tekočine.
Examination of the Socio-Economic Factors Influencing Sustainable Food Production in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands of Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya
Authors: Kimitei Isaac Kipchirchir , Mogambi Ming’ate Felix Lamech 
Published: March 2022

Food insecurity has remained a major challenge to many developing countries. The Food and Agricultural Organization, estimates that 842 million people have suffered from lack of food access, resulting in undernourishment. Kenya’s rural and urban areas, have been suffering from food insecurity since independence. Previous case-studies have shown that, although various governments and donor agencies' have attempted to sponsor food-production programs, execution has remained a challenge. Elgeyo Marakwet has previously been experiencing famine intervention projects from World Vision Kenya, Community Agricultural Development for Semi-Arid Lands, National Agriculture and Livestock Extension Program and Njaa Marufuku Kenya. The aim of this research was to examine the, organizational structure, socio-economic and capacity-building factors that contribute to sustainable food production in semi-arid and arid areas. The study used a descriptive survey research design to guide in the collection of data from a sample of 136 households using structured questionnaire. Data was analysed through cross-tabulation using Chi-square, ANOVA and percentages. In conclusion the research has revealed that organizational, demographic and capacity building factors are important in the improvement of food production. It is recommended that sustainable food security depends on developing sustainable local food production policy.
Evaluation of Antibacterial Effect on Propionibacterium acnes and Antioxidant Activity of Various Mushrooms, Chinese Herbs, and Plant Essential Oils
Authors: Jia Xiao , He Dong-Hao , Li Ke-Ying , Yang Xue-Peng , Huang Yi 
Published: March 2022

Aims: The inhibitory effects of 30 kinds of mushrooms, Chinese Herbs, and plant essential oils on Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) were compared to screen high activity antibacterial materials. Furthermore, their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), antioxidant activity, total flavonoids, and total phenol content were determined.
Methodology: The optimal antibacterial samples were screened using the paper diffusion method. The MIC was determined using the microdilution method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH), Ferric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and 2, 2'-Azino-Bis(3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid) (ABTS) methods, and the total flavonoids and total phenol contents were determined using Rutin Method and Folin-Ciocalteu Method.
Results: The MIC of mushroom Tricholoma quercicola and Boletus edulis's extracts were 0.391mg/mL and 3.125mg/mL, showing better antibacterial effects on P. acnes. The Chinese herbs Pericarpium granati and Folium artemisia argyi's extracts (MIC 3.13mg/mL), plant essential oils of Eugenia caryophyllus flower, and Lavandula angustifolia (MIC 61.76mg/mL and 112.7mg/mL) exhibited satisfactory antibacterial effects on P. acnes. Antioxidant evaluation of the above six samples with high antibacterial activity revealed that Folium artemisiae argyi and Pericarpium granati's extract had good antioxidant activity. In addition, the determination results of total flavonoids and total phenols were consistent with the antioxidant activity.
Conclusion: The above results showed that Boletus edulis, Tricholoma quercicola, Pericarpium granati, and Folium artemisiae argyi could be used as candidate materials for the antibacterial, antioxidant materials, providing a feasible idea for the development of subsequent skincare products for the treatment of P. acnes.
Antibiotics’ Self-medication and Its Knowledge among Healthcare Practitioners
Authors: Khan Salah-ud-Din , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid 
Published: March 2022

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and usage pattern of antibiotics among HCPs.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done using a validated research tool to obtain the required data. Data was obtained using different questions regarding the knowledge and usage pattern of antibiotics among HCPs practicing antibiotics’ self-medication. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Different demographic characteristics were studied from the selected cohort of the HCPs. Around 153 (52.9%) of the studied HCPs were the females and 136 (47.1%) were males. The studied HCPs were of different professions, whereby 53 (18.3%) from medicine, 103 (35.6%) from pharmacy, 13 (4.45%) from dentistry, 98 (33.9%) from nursing, and 22 (7.6%) from others allied professions.
Conclusion: From the obtained results, it was concluded that all of the studied HCPs had varied level of antibiotics’ knowledge but still there is a greater need to strictly adhere with and follow the recommended and concerned guidelines regarding antibiotics usage to avoid any unwanted side effects, adverse drug reactions and antibiotics resistance.
Assessing the Efficacy of Low-Dose Topical Atropine (0.01%) for Controlling the Progress of Myopia among School Children
Authors: Kher Praveena , Sharma Avi 
Published: March 2022

Background: It is one of the most common abnormalities of human eyes and its incidence has dramatically risen in incidence in the last few decades. Myopia may lead to irreversible vision loss. A number of studies reflect on the effectiveness of low concentration atropine in controlling myopia. Atropine is used topically as a cycloplegic for the accommodation reflex and as a mydriatic for pupillary dilatation. Since myopia is leading cause of diminution of vision in early childhood, use of atropine (0.01%) in early stages can provide regression in myopic changes in eye. This study aimed to assess the change in spherical equivalent, changes in axial and keratometry values and retinal degenerative changes in cases of myopia treated with low dose atropine.
Methodology: The enrolled cases of myopia will undergo thorough ophthalmological examination and will be randomized into intervention and control groups. All cases in intervention group will be treated with low dose atropine (0.01%) eye drops at night and will be followed up every 6 months for examination. The control group will be provided refractive spectacles and also followed up every 6 months. The data from both groups will be compared and analysed.
Expected Results: Significant reduction in the progression of Myopia among school going children is expected with administration of 0.01% atropine eye drops.
Conclusion: Use of atropine (0.01%) in early stages can provide regression in myopic changes in eye.
A Cross-Sectional Study on Procurement of Drugs and Consumables in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Pohekar Akanksha. D. , Jain Ahmindra , Gudhe Vandana 
Published: March 2022

Background: In health care Pharmaceutical medication plays a vital role, since physicians often recommend medicine if one is ill. In the operation of every hospital, the supply of medicines is essential. In order for the supply of drugs to be consistent, their manufacturing processes and the difficulties they face are important requirements that should be considered during drug procurement. If correct procurement procedures are followed most of the unnecessary problems such as excess or lack of drugs are reduced. In medical administration, acquisition process play a important role. This links closely with choice of medicine, evaluation of medicine requirement, collection and delivery. This study intends to determine the procurement procedure of pharmaceuticals drugs and kits at AVBRH and assess the challenges in the procurement process.
Methodology: This descriptive research study will be conducted at AVBRH, Wardha. An open ended questionnaire will used for data collection. The main informants would be the Medical Superintendent, the pharmacy officer in charge, the sales managers, the pharmacist, the pharmacy sales manager and the shop manager. Obtained data will be analyzed with statistical appropriate tests.
Results: The drug procurement procedure at AVBRH in comparison with ideal procedure of drug procurement, gaps in procedure will be identified and highlighted mitigate shortage of drugs in AVBRH.
Conclusion: Acute shortage of drugs in hospitals result in patient’s dissatisfaction. Improved standard of procurement procedures can bring about a change in patient satisfaction and patient turnover.
Hold that pose: capturing cervical dystonia's head deviation severity from video
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Cisneros Elizabeth , Lee Ha Yeon , Vu Jeanne P. , Chen Qiyu , Benadof Casey N. , Whitehill Jacob , Rouzbehani Ryin , Sy Dominique T. , Huang Jeannie S. , Sejnowski Terrence J. , Jankovic Joseph , Factor Stewart , Goetz Christopher G. , Barbano Richard L. , Perlmutter Joel S. , Jinnah Hyder A. , Berman Brian D. , Richardson Sarah Pirio , Stebbins Glenn T. , Comella Cynthia L. , Peterson David A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveDeviated head posture is a defining characteristic of cervical dystonia (CD). Head posture severity is typically quantified with clinical rating scales such as the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS). Because clinical rating scales are inherently subjective, they are susceptible to variability that reduces their sensitivity as outcome measures. The variability could be circumvented with methods to measure CD head posture objectively. However, previously used objective methods require specialized equipment and have been limited to studies with a small number of cases. The objective of this study was to evaluate a novel software system—the Computational Motor Objective Rater (CMOR)—to quantify multi‐axis directionality and severity of head posture in CD using only conventional video camera recordings.MethodsCMOR is based on computer vision and machine learning technology that captures 3D head angle from video. We used CMOR to quantify the axial patterns and severity of predominant head posture in a retrospective, cross‐sectional study of 185 patients with isolated CD recruited from 10 sites in the Dystonia Coalition.ResultsThe predominant head posture involved more than one axis in 80.5% of patients and all three axes in 44.4%. CMOR's metrics for head posture severity correlated with severity ratings from movement disorders neurologists using both the TWSTRS‐2 and an adapted version of the Global Dystonia Rating Scale (rho = 0.59–0.68, all p <0.001).ConclusionsCMOR's convergent validity with clinical rating scales and reliance upon only conventional video recordings supports its future potential for large scale multisite clinical trials.
Reconfigurable Magnetic Slime Robot: Deformation, Adaptability, and Multifunction
Authors: Sun Mengmeng , Tian Chenyao , Mao Liyang , Meng Xianghe , Shen Xingjian , Hao Bo , Wang Xin , Xie Hui , Zhang Li 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMagnetic miniature soft‐bodied robots allow non‐invasive access to restricted spaces and provide ideal solutions for minimally invasive surgery, micromanipulation, and targeted drug delivery. However, the existing elastomer‐based (silicone) and fluid‐based (ferrofluid or liquid metal) magnetically actuated miniature soft robots have limitations. Owing to its limited deformability, the elastomer‐based small‐scale soft robot cannot navigate through a highly restricted environment. In contrast, although fluid‐based soft robots are more capable of deformation, they are also limited by the unstable shape of the fluid itself, and are therefore poorly adapted to the environment. In this study, non‐Newtonian fluid‐based magnetically actuated slime robots with both the adaptability of elastomer‐based robots and reconfigurable significant deformation capabilities of fluid‐based robots are demonstrated. The robots can negotiate through narrow channels with a diameter of 1.5 mm and maneuver on multiple substrates in complex environments. The proposed slime robot implements various functions, including grasping solid objects, swallowing and transporting harmful things, human motion monitoring, and circuit switching and repair. This study proposes the design of novel soft‐bodied robots and enhances their future applications in biomedical, electronic, and other fields.
Single‐Ion‐Functionalized Nanocellulose Membranes Enable Lean‐Electrolyte and Deeply Cycled Aqueous Zinc‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Ge Xuesong , Zhang Weihua , Song Fuchen , Xie Bin , Li Jiedong , Wang Jinzhi , Wang Xiaojun , Zhao Jingwen , Cui Guanglei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAqueous cells with zinc‐metal anodes featuring safety and low cost, are beneficial for diversifying energy‐storage technologies, while their energy density and cyclability have been long limited by side‐reactions and dendrite issues, especially at the practical device level. Though sustained efforts are underway to renovate electrodes and electrolytes, the roles of other indispensable components, such as separators, in the cell operation have been not fully unexplored thus far. Here, it is demonstrated that both the reversibility and utilization of aqueous zinc anodes can be improved by using a single‐ion Zn2+‐conducting nanocellulose membrane as the separator. Even without any treatments to the electrodes and thereof interfaces, this functional membrane marked by synergetic optimization on key required properties regarding mechanical strength, preferred Zn2+ conduction and hydrophilicity, mitigates H2 evolution, corrosion, and dendrite growth on zinc anodes, thus enabling >80% depth‐of‐discharge stable cycling under practically feasible lean electrolyte (electrolyte‐to‐capacity ratio = 1.0 g Ah−1) and high areal capacity (8.0 mAh cm−2) conditions. These findings translate to an excellent capacity retention of exceeding 95% after 150 cycles for full cells with practically high‐loading cathodes (17 mg cm−2). This work provides a simple yet practical avenue to high‐energy, long‐cycling aqueous zinc‐metal batteries.
Modularizable Liquid‐Crystal‐Based Open Surfaces Enable Programmable Chemical Transport and Feeding using Liquid Droplets
Authors: Xu Yang , Chang Yun , Yao Yuxing , Zhang Meng , Dupont Robert L. , Rather Adil M. , Bao Xiaoping , Wang Xiaoguang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDroplet‐based miniature reactors have attracted interest in both fundamental studies, for the unique reaction kinetics they enable, and applications in bio‐diagnosis and material synthesis. However, the precise and automatic feeding of chemicals, important for the delicate reactions in these miniaturized chemical reactors, either requires complex, high‐cost microfluidic devices or lacks the capability to maintain a pinning‐free droplet movement. Here, the design and synthesis of a new class of liquid crystal (LC)‐based open surfaces, which enable a controlled chemical release via a programmable LC phase transition without sacrificing the free transport of the droplets, are reported. It is demonstrated that their intrinsic slipperiness and self‐healing properties enable a modularizable assembly of LC surfaces that can be loaded with different chemicals to achieve a wide range of chemical reactions carried out within the droplets, including sequential and parallel chemical reactions, crystal growth, and polymer synthesis. Finally, an LC‐based chemical feeding device is developed that can automatically control the release of chemicals to direct the simultaneous differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into endothelial progenitor cells and cardiomyocytes. Overall, these LC surfaces exhibit desirable levels of automation, responsiveness, and controllability for use in miniature droplet carriers and reactors.
Crosstalk‐Free, High‐Resolution Pressure Sensor Arrays Enabled by High‐Throughput Laser Manufacturing
Authors: Li Yihao , Long Junyu , Chen Yun , Huang Yan , Zhao Ni 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSimultaneously achieving high spatial resolution and low crosstalk interference has been a fundamental challenge for flexible pressure sensor arrays. Here the authors present a high‐resolution flexible pressure sensor array fabricated through a two‐step laser manufacturing process, where individual sensing pixels and their interconnects are sequentially defined by laser‐induced graphenization and ablation to minimize crosstalk interferences. The geometry of the interconnects is optimized through theoretical modeling and experimental validation. Characterization results show that the new device design induces a remarkable reduction of the crosstalk coefficient, from −8.21 to −43.63 dB, of the 0.7 mm‐resolution sensor arrays, and the crosstalk suppression is particularly beneficial for application scenarios involving pressure sensing on soft surfaces (e.g., human skin and organs). Applications of the sensor array in tactile pattern recognition and minimally‐invasive cancer surgery are demonstrated.
Layered Nano‐Mosaic of Niobium Disulfide Heterostructures by Direct Sulfidation of Niobium Carbide MXenes for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Husmann Samantha , Torkamanzadeh Mohammad , Liang Kun , Majed Ahmad , Dun Chaochao , Urban Jeffrey J , Naguib Michael , Presser Volker 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMXene‐transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) heterostructures are synthesized through a one‐step heat treatment of Nb2C and Nb4C3. These MXenes are used without delamination or any pre‐treatment. Heat treatments accomplish the sacrificial transformation of these MXenes into TMD (NbS2) at 700 and 900 °C under H2S. This work investigates, for the first time, the role of starting MXene phase in the derivative morphology. It is shown that while treatment of Nb2C at 700 °C leads to the formation of pillar‐like structures on the parent MXene, Nb4C3 produces nano‐mosaic layered NbS2. At 900 °C, both MXene phases, of the same transition metal, fully convert into nano‐mosaic layered NbS2 preserving the parent MXene's layered morphology. When tested as electrodes for hydrogen evolution reaction, Nb4C3‐derived hybrids show better performance than Nb2C derivatives. The Nb4C3‐derived heterostructure exhibits a low overpotential of 198 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 122 mV dec−1, with good cycling stability in an acidic electrolyte.
Resonant Control and Enhancement of Upconversion Luminescence of NaYF4:Yb,Er Nanoparticles on Metal Gratings
Authors: Luo Wen , Xu Feng , Li Aihua , Sun Zhijun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLarge plasmonic enhancements of upconversion luminescence (UCL) of lanthanide‐doped materials are achieved usually by plasmon resonances at excitation wavelengths. Here, moderately high‐Q plasmon resonance modes at emission wavelengths are used to control and enhance the UCLs of NaYF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles on metal gratings. It is experimentally shown that, as Bloch‐type plasmon resonance modes locate at/near the green‐ (≈540 nm) or red‐emission (≈654 nm) wavelengths, the UCL is strongly enhanced (e.g., up to ≈117 times for the green and ≈272 times for the red), as well as large modifications of the green‐to‐red intensity ratios. The enhancement factors are comparable to or even much larger than those for plasmon resonances at excitation wavelengths reported in literatures. Importantly, it is disclosed that localized plasmon resonance modes in grooves of the metallic gratings, usually invisible in far‐field characterization, can be excited by the emission dipoles (Er3+) in vicinity (i.e., in the near‐field) to play an important role on UCL emissions. It is also inferred that the plasmon resonance modes at the emission wavelengths improve not only the Purcell factor for UCL emissions but also the energy transfer (Yb3+→Er3+) rates in excitation.