bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Displacements and stress associated with localized and distributed inelastic deformation with piecewise-constant elastic variations
Authors: Sato Dye S K , Moore James D P 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARY
We present a semi-analytical method and expressions for computing the displacements, strains and stress due to localized (e.g. faulting) and distributed (volumetric) inelastic deformation in heterogeneous elastic full- and half-spaces. Variations in elastic properties are treated as piecewise-constant homogeneous subregions as in orthodox multiregion approaches. The deformation in the subregions is solved by matching the interface traction and displacement conditions for contrasting elastic parameters. We show equivalence between the integral equation convolving boundary traction and those convolving displacement discontinuities and volumetric inelastic strain in the representation theorem for a bounded volume. This equivalence allows us to express the deformation fields in the half-/full-space which comprises those subregions by using virtual fault displacement elements or volumetric eigenstrain elements, the integral kernels of which have known analytic forms for finite sources in homogeneous volumes. We include computer programs that implement our method with known analytic solutions of homogeneous volumes free of major singular points. We provide an extension to the existing toolkit available for the observational and theoretical analyses of deformation fields allowing users to model heterogeneous geological structures, with a number of primary geophysical applications, including earthquake and volcano deformation, where variations in elastic parameters may present a substantial contribution to the observed deformation.
Deleterious variants inCRLS1lead to cardiolipin deficiency and cause an autosomal recessive multi-system mitochondrial disease
Authors: Lee Richard G , Balasubramaniam Shanti , Stentenbach Maike , Kralj Tom , McCubbin Tim , Padman Benjamin , Smith Janine , Riley Lisa G , Priyadarshi Archana , Peng Liuyu , Nuske Madison R , Webster Richard , Peacock Ken , Roberts Philip , Stark Zornitza , Lemire Gabrielle , Ito Yoko A ,   Care4Rare Canada Consortium, Boycott Kym M , Geraghty Michael T , van Klinken Jan Bert , Ferdinandusse Sacha , Zhou Ying , Walsh Rebecca , Marcellin Esteban , Thorburn David R , Rosciolli Tony , Fletcher Janice , Rackham Oliver , Vaz Frédéric M , Reid Gavin E , Filipovska Aleksandra 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMitochondrial diseases are a group of inherited diseases with highly varied and complex clinical presentations. Here, we report four individuals, including two siblings, affected by a progressive mitochondrial encephalopathy with biallelic variants in the cardiolipin biosynthesis gene CRLS1. Three affected individuals had a similar infantile presentation comprising progressive encephalopathy, bull’s eye maculopathy, auditory neuropathy, diabetes insipidus, autonomic instability, cardiac defects and early death. The fourth affected individual presented with chronic encephalopathy with neurodevelopmental regression, congenital nystagmus with decreased vision, sensorineural hearing loss, failure to thrive and acquired microcephaly. Using patient-derived fibroblasts, we characterized cardiolipin synthase 1 (CRLS1) dysfunction that impaired mitochondrial morphology and biogenesis, providing functional evidence that the CRLS1 variants cause mitochondrial disease. Lipid profiling in fibroblasts from two patients further confirmed the functional defect demonstrating reduced cardiolipin levels, altered acyl-chain composition and significantly increased levels of phosphatidylglycerol, the substrate of CRLS1. Proteomic profiling of patient cells and mouse Crls1 knockout cell lines identified both endoplasmic reticular and mitochondrial stress responses, and key features that distinguish between varying degrees of cardiolipin insufficiency. These findings support that deleterious variants in CRLS1 cause an autosomal recessive mitochondrial disease, presenting as a severe encephalopathy with multi-systemic involvement. Furthermore, we identify key signatures in cardiolipin and proteome profiles across various degrees of cardiolipin loss, facilitating the use of omics technologies to guide future diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases.
Using guideline-based clinical decision support in oncological multidisciplinary team meetings: A prospective, multicenter concordance study
Authors: Ebben Kees C W J , Hendriks Mathijs P , Markus Lieke , Kos Milan , De Hingh Ignace H J T , Oddens Jorg R , Rothbarth Joost , De wilt Hans , Strobbe Luc J A , Bessems Maud , Mellema Carsten T , Siesling Sabine , Verbeek Xander A A M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Multidisciplinary team meetings formulate guideline-based individual treatment plans based on patient and disease characteristics and motivate reasons for deviation. Clinical decision trees could support multidisciplinary teams to adhere more accurately to guidelines. Every clinical decision tree is tailored to a specific decision moment in a care pathway and is composed of patient and disease characteristics leading to a guideline recommendation.

Objective
This study investigated (1) the concordance between multidisciplinary team and clinical decision tree recommendations and (2) the completeness of patient and disease characteristics available during multidisciplinary team meetings to apply clinical decision trees such that it results in a guideline recommendation.

Methods
This prospective, multicenter, observational concordance study evaluated 17 selected clinical decision trees, based on the prevailing Dutch guidelines for breast, colorectal and prostate cancers. In cases with sufficient data, concordance between multidisciplinary team and clinical decision tree recommendations was classified as concordant, conditional concordant (multidisciplinary team specified a prerequisite for the recommendation) and non-concordant.

Results
Fifty-nine multidisciplinary team meetings were attended in 8 different hospitals, and 355 cases were included. For 296 cases (83.4%), all patient data were available for providing an unconditional clinical decision tree recommendation. In 59 cases (16.6%), insufficient data were available resulting in provisional clinical decision tree recommendations. From the 296 successfully generated clinical decision tree recommendations, the multidisciplinary team recommendations were concordant in 249 (84.1%) cases, conditional concordant in 24 (8.1%) cases and non-concordant in 23 (7.8%) cases of which in 7 (2.4%) cases the reason for deviation from the clinical decision tree generated guideline recommendation was not motivated.

Conclusion
The observed concordance of recommendations between multidisciplinary teams and clinical decision trees and data completeness during multidisciplinary team meetings in this study indicate a potential role for implementation of clinical decision trees to support multidisciplinary team decision-making.
Development of a framework to assess the quality of data sources in healthcare settings
Authors: Hooshafza Sepideh , Mc Quaid Louise , Stephens Gaye , Flynn Rachel , O’Connor Laura 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to develop a framework to assess the quality of healthcare data sources.

Materials and Methods
First, a systematic review was performed and a thematic analysis of included literature conducted to identify items relating to the quality of healthcare data sources. Second, expert advisory group meetings were held to explore experts’ perception of the results of the review and identify gaps in the findings. Third, a framework was developed based on the findings.

Results
Synthesis of the review results and expert advisory group meetings resulted in 8 parent themes and 22 subthemes. The parent themes were: Governance, leadership, and management; Data; Trust; Context; Monitoring; Use of information; Standardization; Learning and training. The 22 subthemes were: governance, finance, organization, characteristics, time, data management, data quality, ethics, access, security, quality improvement, monitoring and feedback, dissemination, analysis, research, standards, linkage, infrastructure, documentation, definitions and classification, learning, and training.

Discussion
The herein presented framework was developed using a robust methodology which included reviewing literature and extracting data source quality items, filtering, and matching items, developing a list of themes, and revising them based on expert opinion. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to apply a systematic approach to identify aspects related to the quality of healthcare data sources.

Conclusions
The framework, can assist those using healthcare data sources to identify and assess the quality of a data source and inform whether the data sources used are fit for their intended use.
A novel long-term intravenous combined with local treatment with human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells for a multidisciplinary rescued uremic calciphylaxis patient and the underlying mechanism
Authors: Qin Lianju , Zhang Jing , Xiao Yujie , Liu Kang , Cui Yugui , Xu Fangyan , Ren Wenkai , Yuan Yanggang , Jiang Chunyan , Ning Song , Ye Xiaoxue , Zeng Ming , Qian Hanyang , Bian Anning , Li Fan , Yang Guang , Tang Shaowen , Zhang Zhihong , Dai Juncheng , Guo Jing , Wang Qiang , Sun Bin , Ge Yifei , Ouyang Chun , Xu Xueqiang , Wang Jing , Huang Yaoyu , Cui Hongqing , Zhou Jing , Wang Meilian , Su Zhonglan , Lu Yan , Wu Di , Shi Jingping , Liu Wei , Dong Li , Pan Yinbing , Zhao Baiqiao , Cui Ying , Gao Xueyan , Gao Zhanhui , Ma Xiang , Chen Aiqin , Wang Jie , Cao Meng , Cui Qian , Chen Li , Chen Feng , Yu Youjia , Ji Qiang , Zhang Zhiwei , Gu Mufeng , Zhuang Xiaojun , Lv Xiaolin , Wang Hui , Pan Yanyan , Wang Ling , Xu Xianrong , Zhao Jing , Wang Xiuqin , Liu Cuiping , Liang Ningxia , Xing Changying , Liu Jiayin , Wang Ningning 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Calciphylaxis is a rare disease characterized histologically by microvessel calcification and microthrombosis, with high mortality and no proven therapy. Here, we reported a severe uremic calciphylaxis patient with progressive skin ischemia, large areas of painful malodorous ulcers, and mummified legs. Because of the worsening symptoms and signs refractory to conventional therapies, treatment with human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) was approved. Preclinical release inspections of hAMSCs, efficacy, and safety assessment, including cytokine secretory ability, immunocompetence, tumorigenicity, and genetics analysis in vitro, were introduced. We further performed acute and long-term hAMSC toxicity evaluations in C57BL/6 mice and rats, abnormal immune response tests in C57BL/6 mice, and tumorigenicity tests in neonatal Balbc-nu nude mice. After the preclinical research, the patient was treated with hAMSCs by intravenous and local intramuscular injection and external supernatant application to the ulcers. When followed up to 15 months, the blood-based markers of bone and mineral metabolism improved, with skin soft tissue regeneration and a more favorable profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Skin biopsy after 1-month treatment showed vascular regeneration with mature noncalcified vessels within the dermis, and 20 months later, the re-epithelialization restored the integrity of the damaged site. No infusion or local treatment-related adverse events occurred. Thus, this novel long-term intravenous combined with local treatment with hAMSCs warrants further investigation as a potential regenerative treatment for uremic calciphylaxis due to effects of inhibiting vascular calcification, stimulating angiogenesis and myogenesis, anti-inflammatory and immune modulation, multidifferentiation, re-epithelialization, and restoration of integrity.
The merging galaxy cluster Abell 3266 at low radio frequencies
Authors: Duchesne S W , Johnston-Hollitt M , Riseley C J , Bartalucci I , Keel S R 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
We present new low-frequency (ν = 88–216 MHz) observations of the complex merging galaxy cluster Abell 3266. These new observations are taken with the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) in its Phase II ‘extended’, long-baseline configuration, offering the highest resolution low-frequency view of the cluster to date. We report on the detection of four steep spectrum (α ≲ −1 for Sν ∝ να) extended radio sources within the cluster. We confirm the detection of a ∼570 kpc radio relic to the south of the cluster, and a possible bridge of emission connecting the relic to the cluster core. We also detect two new ultra-steep-spectrum (α ≲ −1.7) fossil plasma sources to the north and west of the cluster centre without associated compact radio emission. A previously detected radio galaxy in the cluster is also found to have a spectrally steepening tail with steep-spectrum components highlighted by the MWA. The timeline of the merger and the overall mass of the system are consistent with clusters hosting giant radio haloes, yet we do not detect a radio halo in Abell 3266. After simulating a range of radio haloes at 216 MHz, we place upper limits on the radio luminosity corresponding to ∼7.2 × 1024 W Hz−1 at 150 MHz assuming the expected 500 kpc radius – up to a factor of 5 lower than expected from scaling relations.
Weak gravitational lensing shear measurement with FPFS: analytical mitigation of noise bias and selection bias
Authors: Li Xiangchong , Li Yin , Massey Richard 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Dedicated ‘Stage IV’ observatories will soon observe the entire extragalactic sky, to measure the ‘cosmic shear’ distortion of galaxy shapes by weak gravitational lensing. To measure the apparent shapes of those galaxies, we present an improved version of the Fourier Power Function Shapelets (FPFS) shear measurement method. This now includes analytic corrections for sources of bias that plague all shape measurement algorithms: Including noise bias (due to noise in non-linear combinations of observable quantities) and selection bias (due to sheared galaxies being more or less likely to be detected). Crucially, these analytic solutions do not rely on calibration from external image simulations. For isolated galaxies, the small residual ${\sim}10^{-3}$ multiplicative bias and ${\lesssim}10^{-4}$ additive bias now meet science requirements for Stage IV experiments. FPFS also works accurately for faint galaxies and robustly against stellar contamination. Future work will focus on deblending overlapping galaxies. The code used for this paper can process ${\gt}1000$ galaxy images per CPU second and is available from https://github.com/mr-superonion/FPFS.
Distances of galactic radio pulsars; first quadrant: −2° &lt; ℓ &lt; 90° and −2° &lt; b &lt; 2°
Authors: Kütükcü Pinar , Ankay Askin , Yazgan Efe , Bozkurt Kutsal 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Distance versus dispersion measure relations are constructed for Galactic radio pulsars in small solid angle intervals. The calculations are based on some basic criteria, as well as using the independent distance measurements of well examined pulsars for the first Galactic quadrant, including Galactic central directions. Values of average free electron density for these regions are derived from the fits to distance versus dispersion measure relations and checked for consistency and smoothness. The effects of plasma in the Galactic arms and within the central parts of the Galactic bulge region are also compared and discussed. Our adopted distances for the radio pulsars are compared with the ones given in some other models. Some basic results on distributions of the radio pulsars and the plasma are presented.
CsIVP Modulates Low Nitrogen and High-Temperature Resistance in Cucumber
Authors: Yan Shuangshuang , Yu Bingwei , Ming Fangyan , Liang Yonggui , Zhong Yanting , Wang Zhongyi , Zhang Xiaolan , Li Xuexian , Qiu Zhengkun , Cao Bihao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Crop plants experience various abiotic stresses that reduce yield and quality. Although several adaptative physiological and defense responses to single stress have been identified, the behavior and mechanisms of plant response to multiple stresses remain underexamined. Herein, we determined that the leaf and vascular changes in Cucumis sativus Irregular Vasculature Patterning (CsIVP)-RNAi cucumber plants can enhance resistance to nitrogen deficiency and high-temperature stress. CsIVP negatively regulated high nitrate affinity transporters (NRT2.1, NRT2.5) and reallocation transporters (NRT1.7, NRT1.9, NRT1.12) under low nitrogen stress. Furthermore, CsIVP-RNAi plants have high survival rate with low heat injury level under high-temperature condition. Several key high-temperature regulators, including Hsfs, Hsps, DREB2C, MBF1b and WRKY33 have significant expression in CsIVP-RNAi plants. CsIVP negatively mediated high-temperature responses by physically interacting with CsDREB2C. Altogether, these results indicated that CsIVP integrates innate programming of plant development, nutrient transport and high-temperature resistance, providing a potentially valuable target for breeding nutrient-efficient and heat-resistant crops.
Pulmonary function testing for the diagnosis of asthma in preschool children
Authors: Chawes Bo , Elenius Varpu 
Published: February 2022

Purpose of review
To highlight the recent evidence of the lung function techniques used in preschool children to diagnose asthma.

Recent findings
Several techniques are available to measure lung function and airway inflammation in preschool children, including spirometry (from age 5 years), impulse oscillometry (>3 years), whole-body plethysmography (>3 years), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) (>5 years), multiple breath washout (>3 years), structured light plethysmography (>1–2 years) and impedance pneumography (>1 years). If applicable, measuring forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio using spirometry is useful (cut-off < 80% predicted or below lower limit of normal [LLN] defined as z-score < −1.64) for diagnosing preschool asthma. For those unable to perform spirometry, whole-body plethysmography (sRaw > 1.6 kPa/s) and impulse oscillometry (Rrs and Xrs at 5 Hz z-score > 2) may be useful. Adding a bronchodilator reversibility test (FEV1 increase > 12%, sRaw decrease > 25–30%, Rrs at 5 Hz decrease > 40%) or a bronchial challenge test, for example, exercise test (FEV1 decrease > 10%), may improve the sensitivity of these tests. Elevated FeNO (>25–35 ppb) is a promising adjunctive test for diagnosing preschool asthma.

Summary
With trained personnel, lung function testing can be done with high reliability even in children between 2 and 4 years of age. To avoid over and undertreatment of asthma, objective measurement of lung function is clinically important in preschool children.
Intravenous Fluid Supplementation for Preterm Infants With Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Al-Wassia Heidi , Garrada Shadi 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most frequently occurring problems in the neonatal period, and phototherapy has remained the primary treatment of choice. Fluid supplementation has been proposed to reduce serum bilirubin levels.

Purpose:
To assess the risks and benefits of fluid supplementation compared with standard fluid management in preterm infants with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia under conventional phototherapy.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study of preterm infants (gestational ages ≥28 to ≤32 weeks) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at the Maternity and Children Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2017, and required the initiation of phototherapy in the first week of life.

Results:
One hundred and fifteen infants were included; 51 received fluid supplementation, and 64 received standard fluid management. There were no significant differences in demographic characteristics between groups. The infants who received fluid supplementation had a significantly larger decline in the total serum bilirubin level per day and a shorter phototherapy duration (P < .01). There were no significant differences in weight (P = .14), or sodium (P = .79) change per day or the need for exchange transfusion between groups. The prematurity-related inhospital morbidities were similar between groups.

Implications for Practice and Research:
Fluid supplementation in preterm infants receiving conventional phototherapy resulted in a faster decline in the bilirubin level and a shorter duration of phototherapy, without increasing prematurity-related morbidities. Future randomized controlled trials to assess the benefits and risks of fluid supplementation during conventional phototherapy in preterm infants are needed.
Abbreviated Outpatient Upper Extremity Fracture Care to Avoid Clinic and Hospital Environmental Encounters During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A New Approach to Fracture Care?
Authors: Anderson Kathryn G. , Bompadre Viviana , Parker Cheryl , Varakitsomboon Shing , Krengel Walter F. , Lockhart John , Tremonti Christopher , Schmale Gregory A. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
To minimize in-person visits during the COVID-19 pandemic, a new fracture care protocol for children with complete and stable, nondisplaced or minimally displaced upper extremity (UE) fractures has been implemented. This protocol involves immobilization with a bivalved cast, which allows for home cast removal during a telemedicine visit, and no follow-up radiographs, thus eliminating the requirement for a return to clinic. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes and parent satisfaction of this new abbreviated fracture care protocol.

Methods:
Between May 2020 and April 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic, children with complete and stable, nondisplaced or minimally displaced UE fractures were treated with a bivalved cast and 1 follow-up telemedicine visit for home cast removal. A prospective longitudinal study of these patients was performed. The PROMIS Upper Extremity questionnaire was administered at enrollment and 3 months follow-up. Parents completed a satisfaction survey after home cast removal. Demographic data and information regarding complications were collected. A historical cohort of controls treated with standard cast in 2019 was used for comparison.

Results:
A total of 56 patients with a mean age of 8±3 years (range 2 to 15) were prospectively enrolled in this study. Parent-reported PROMIS Upper Extremity scores showed a significant increase from 24.9 (95% confidence interval=20.8-29.1) at enrollment to 51.6 (95% confidence interval=50.8-52.5) at 3 months follow-up (P<0.001). Results of the satisfaction survey (n=39) showed all parents were either very satisfied (85%) or satisfied (15%). In addition, 10% of parents would have initially preferred to come into clinic for cast removal and 90% of parents would prefer this new treatment plan in the future. Patients in the abbreviated care cohort returned to clinic for a median 1 in-person visits, compared with 2 for historical controls (n=183, P<0.001). Abbreviated care patients received fewer (1.0) radiographs than controls (2.0, P<0.001). Complication rate did not differ between the groups (P=0.77).

Conclusions:
Complete and stable, nonminimally or minimally displaced UE fractures can be cared for safely and effectively in a single in-person visit, with a telemedicine cast removal visit. Parents are satisfied with this abbreviated protocol and prefer it to additional in-person visits.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.