bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A procedure for computing the spot production rate in transitional boundary layers
Authors: Dellacasagrande Matteo , Lengani Davide , Simoni Daniele , Pralits Jan , Durović Kristina , Hanifi Ardeshir , Henningson Dan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present work describes a method for the computation of the nucleation rate of turbulent spots in transitional boundary layers from particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements. Different detection functions for turbulent events recognition were first tested and validated using data from direct numerical simulation, and this latter describes a flat-plate boundary layer under zero pressure gradient. The comparison with a previously defined function adopted in the literature, which is based on the local spanwise wall-shear stress, clearly highlights the possibility of accurately predicting the statistical evolution of transition even when the near-wall velocity field is not directly available from the measurements. The present procedure was systematically applied to PIV data collected in a wall-parallel measuring plane located inside a flat plate boundary layer evolving under variable Reynolds number, adverse pressure gradient (APG) and free-stream turbulence. The results presented in this work show that the present method allows capturing the statistical response of the transition process to the modification of the inlet flow conditions. The location of the maximum spot nucleation is shown to move upstream when increasing all the main flow parameters. Additionally, the transition region becomes shorter for higher Re and APG, whereas the turbulence level variation gives the opposite trend. The effects of the main flow parameters on the coefficients defining the analytic distribution of the nucleation rate and their link to the momentum thickness Reynolds number at the point of transition are discussed in the paper.
Graphical abstract
Comorbidities complicating heart failure: changes over the last 15 years
Authors: Screever Elles M. , van der Wal Martje H. L. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Jaarsma Tiny , Koops Astrid , van Dijk Kuna S. , Warink-Riemersma Janke , Coster Jenifer E. , Westenbrink B. Daan , van der Meer Peter , de Boer Rudolf A. , Meijers Wouter C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aims
Management of comorbidities represents a critical step in optimal treatment of heart failure (HF) patients. However, minimal attention has been paid whether comorbidity burden and their prognostic value changes over time. Therefore, we examined the association between comorbidities and clinical outcomes in HF patients between 2002 and 2017.

Methods and results
The 2002-HF cohort consisted of patients from The Coordinating Study Evaluating Outcomes of Advising and Counseling in Heart Failure (COACH) trial (n = 1,032). The 2017-HF cohort were outpatient HF patients enrolled after hospitalization for HF in a tertiary referral academic hospital (n = 382). Kaplan meier and cox regression analyses were used to assess the association of comorbidities with HF hospitalization and all-cause mortality.
Patients from the 2017-cohort were more likely to be classified as HF with preserved ejection fraction (24 vs 15%, p < 0.001), compared to patients from the 2002-cohort. Comorbidity burden was comparable between both cohorts (mean of 3.9 comorbidities per patient) and substantially increased with age. Higher comorbidity burden was significantly associated with a comparable increased risk for HF hospitalization and all-cause mortality (HR 1.12 [1.02–1.22] and HR 1.18 [1.05–1.32]), in the 2002- and 2017-cohort respectively. When assessing individual comorbidities, obesity yielded a statistically higher prognostic effect on outcome in the 2017-cohort compared to the 2002-HF cohort (p for interaction 0.026).

Conclusion
Despite major advances in HF treatment over the past decades, comorbidity burden remains high in HF and influences outcome to a large extent. Obesity emerges as a prominent comorbidity, and efforts should be made for prevention and treatment.

Graphical abstract
Created with BioRender.com.
Psychosocial work factors affecting mental health of young workers: a systematic review
Authors: van Veen Malte , Oude Hengel Karen M. , Schelvis Roosmarijn M. C. , Bongers Paulien M. , Ket Johannes C. F. , van der Beek Allard J. , Boot Cécile R. L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
For the general working population, robust evidence exists for associations between psychosocial work exposures and mental health. As this relationship is less clear for young workers, this systematic review aims at providing an overview of the evidence concerning psychosocial work factors affecting mental health of young workers.

Methods
The electronic databases used were PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO and were last searched in October 2021. The eligible outcomes included depression-, stress-, burnout- and anxiety-related complaints, and fatigue, excluding clinical diagnoses and suicide-related outcomes. Only studies with workers aged 35 years or younger were included, which reported at least one association between a psychosocial work factor as exposure and a mental health complaint as outcome. Studies had to be in English, German or Dutch. Risk of bias was assessed using an instrument from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Data synthesis was conducted using GRADE.

Results
In total 17 studies were included in this systematic review, including data from 35,600 young workers in total. Across these studies 86 exposure-outcome associations were reported. Nine exposure-outcome associations could be synthesised. The application of the GRADE framework led to one “low” assessment for the association between psychosocial job quality and mental health. The certainty of evidence for the other eight associations in the synthesis was very low.

Conclusions
The current systematic review disclosed a high degree of uncertainty of the evidence due to conceptually fuzzy outcomes and exposures as well as large heterogeneity between studies.
Perception and action as viewed from the Theory of Event Coding: a multi-lab replication and effect size estimation of common experimental designs
Authors: Janczyk Markus , Giesen Carina G. , Moeller Birte , Dignath David , Pfister Roland 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Theory of Event Coding (TEC) has influenced research on action and perception across the past two decades. It integrates several seminal empirical phenomena and it has continued to stimulate novel experimental approaches on the representational foundations of action control and perceptual experience. Yet, many of the most notable results surrounding TEC originate from an era of psychological research that relied on rather small sample sizes as judged by today’s standards. This state hampers future research aiming to build on previous phenomena. We, therefore, provide a multi-lab re-assessment of the following six classical observations: response-effect compatibility, action-induced blindness, response-effect learning, stimulus–response binding, code occupation, and short-term response-effect binding. Our major goal is to provide precise estimates of corresponding effect sizes to facilitate future scientific endeavors. These effect sizes turned out to be considerably smaller than in the original reports, thus allowing for informed decisions on how to address each phenomenon in future work. Of note, the most relevant results of the original observations were consistently obtained in the present experiments as well.
Possible role of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in post-translational modifications in human breast milk during the neonatal period
Authors: Baskal Svetlana , Beckmann Bibiana , Stahmer Laura , Peter Corinna , Bohnhorst Bettina , Das Anibh Martin , Tsikas Dimitrios 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe measured free and proteinic concentrations of native and modified amino acids from post-translational modifications (PTMs) and correlated them with the activity of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in the pellet and aqueous phases of human breast milk samples of ten lactating women during the neonatal period. SIRT1 and SIRT3 correlated directly with citrullination, asymmetric dimethylation and glycation of L-arginine, hydroxylation and glycation of L-lysine. SIRT1 and SIRT3 correlated inversely with the hydroxylation of L-proline. SIRT1 and SITR3 tended to correlate inversely with oxidative stress measured as malondialdehyde. Our study suggests that SIRT1 and SIRT3 may modulate PTMs in human breast milk cells.
Das Anti-Synthetase-Syndrom
Authors: Kastrati Kastriot , Lechner-Radner Helga , Gelpi Ellen 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Anti-Synthetase-Syndrom (ASyS) ist eine klinisch heterogene und seltene Autoimmunerkrankung, in der es zur Bildung von Autoantikörpern gegen Aminoacyl-tRNA-Synthetasen kommt. Klinisch findet man klassischerweise die Trias aus Myositis, Arthritis und prognosebestimmender interstitieller Lungenerkrankung. Wir berichten über einen 30-jährigen Patienten mit rezidivierenden Fieberschüben, symmetrischen Gelenkschwellungen, Muskelbeschwerden und progredienter Belastungsdyspnoe, bei dem in Zusammenschau des Nachweises von Anti-Jo-1-Antikörpern die Diagnose eines ASyS gestellt wurde. Unter einer Kombinationstherapie aus Glukokortikoiden und Azathioprin konnte eine Remission der Myositis und Arthritis sowie eine Regredienz der ILD-assoziierten Veränderungen im Thorax-CT erzielt werden. Die frühzeitige Erkennung der Erkrankung und die Bestimmung myositisspezifischer Antikörper sind für die Diagnostik und Prognostik der Erkrankung von zentraler Bedeutung. Betroffene Patient:innen können dadurch rasch einer adäquaten, auf ihre Organmanifestation abgestimmten Therapie zugeführt werden.
Human-in-the-loop machine learning: a state of the art
Authors: Mosqueira-Rey Eduardo , Hernández-Pereira Elena , Alonso-Ríos David , Bobes-Bascarán José , Fernández-Leal Ángel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearchers are defining new types of interactions between humans and machine learning algorithms generically called human-in-the-loop machine learning. Depending on who is in control of the learning process, we can identify: active learning, in which the system remains in control; interactive machine learning, in which there is a closer interaction between users and learning systems; and machine teaching, where human domain experts have control over the learning process. Aside from control, humans can also be involved in the learning process in other ways. In curriculum learning human domain experts try to impose some structure on the examples presented to improve the learning; in explainable AI the focus is on the ability of the model to explain to humans why a given solution was chosen. This collaboration between AI models and humans should not be limited only to the learning process; if we go further, we can see other terms that arise such as Usable and Useful AI. In this paper we review the state of the art of the techniques involved in the new forms of relationship between humans and ML algorithms. Our contribution is not merely listing the different approaches, but to provide definitions clarifying confusing, varied and sometimes contradictory terms; to elucidate and determine the boundaries between the different methods; and to correlate all the techniques searching for the connections and influences between them.
Links between ease of use, perceived usefulness and attitudes towards technology in older people in university: A structural equation modelling approach
Authors: Liesa-Orús Marta , Latorre-Cosculluela Cecilia , Sierra-Sánchez Verónica , Vázquez-Toledo Sandra 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTechnological resources have the potential to improve the quality of life in a context in which social pressure for the use of these tools is increasing. In this sense, the adoption of technological resources by the elderly is a highly complex issue because numerous and varied factors are involved. Precisely for this reason, this study aims to analyze the effects that exist between a series of dimensions related to the perception of older people regarding the ease of use, the perceived usefulness of technological tools, attitudes towards technology and their intention to use them in everyday life. To do this, 415 adults (M = 66.27 years) enrolled in a program at the University of Experience in the Spanish context completed an online questionnaire. The application of a Structural Equations Model for data analysis highlights that the perceived ease of use of the technology has a positive effect on the perceived usefulness of these resources. Similarly, an indirect effect of the perceived usefulness of technology on the intention to use these resources is observed through the manifestation of positive attitudes towards the use of digital tools.
Arithmetic word problem solving. Analysis of Singaporean and Spanish textbooks
Authors: Vicente Santiago , Verschaffel Lieven , Sánchez Rosario , Múñez David 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe success or failure of education systems in promoting student problem-solving skills depends on attitudinal, political, and pedagogical variables. Among these variables, the design of mathematics textbooks is thought to partially explain why students from high-achieving countries show better problem-solving ability in international assessments. In the current study, we delved into this question and compared the frequency and characteristics of arithmetic word problems (AWPs) contained in primary school math textbooks in two countries with different levels of performance in international assessments—Singapore and Spain. In our analyses, we focused on (1) the quantity of arithmetic word problems, (2) the variety of problems in terms of their additive or multiplicative structures and semantic-mathematical substructures, and (3) the quantity and nature of illustrations that were presented together with arithmetic word problems. Although a larger proportion of AWP activities was found in Singaporean textbooks, the results showed a similar variety of AWPs in both Singaporean and Spanish math textbooks. Furthermore, in both countries, math textbooks emphasized the structures classified as (additive) combine 1 and (multiplication) simple rate in AWPs. Notably, the Singaporean textbook contained a larger percentage of illustrations that reflected the semantic-mathematical structures of the problems and helped students learn how to solve AWPs (e.g., bar models). The findings are discussed in light of theories that posit that textbooks constitute a fundamental part of the teaching–learning process in the classroom.
Effect of anisotropy and boundary conditions on Darcy and Brinkman porous penetrative convection
Authors: Straughan Brian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We investigate the effects of anisotropic permeability and changing boundary conditions upon the onset of penetrative convection in a porous medium of Darcy type and of Brinkman type. Attention is focussed on the critical eigenfunctions which show how many convection cells will be found in the porous layer. The number of cells is shown to depend critically upon the ratio of vertical to horizontal permeability, upon the Brinkman coefficient, and upon the upper boundary condition for the velocity which may be of Dirichlet type or constant pressure. The critical Rayleigh numbers and wave numbers are determined, and it is shown how an unconditional threshold for nonlinear stability may be derived.

Highlights

Shows how number of convection cells depends upon the temperature of the upper
layer and the anisotropy of the permeability

Shows how number of convection ceels depends upon the temperature of the upper
layer and the Brinkman coefficient

Shows how number of convection cells patters depends upon the upper boundary
condition on the velocity or the ambient pressure
Strain Measures and Energies for Crimped Fibres and Novel Analytical Expressions for Fibre Populations: Ingredients for Structural Fibre Network Models
Authors: Bleiler Christian , Röhrle Oliver 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper deals with the structural modelling of fibre networks with a focus on the description of populations of initially crimped fibres. It presents a systematic approach of introducing appropriate strain measures for single fibres based on a deformation decomposition and by transferring knowledge from the field of elastoplasticity. On this basis, for example, the often used Biot-type fibre strain measures $\lambda-\lambda_{\mathrm{w}}$
λ
−

λ
w

and $\lambda /\lambda _{\mathrm{w}}-1$
λ
/

λ
w

−
1
, with stretch $\lambda $
λ
and waviness $\lambda _{\mathrm{w}}$

λ
w

, are consistently assigned to different classes of material strain (“additive”) or intermediate strain (“multiplicative”) descriptions, respectively. We review in this work different fibre strain energies based on the different stain measures and present extensive comparisons on the physical implications and the results on the fibre population and network scale. These investigations also include formulations with a Hencky-type energy based on a logarithmic strain. Furthermore, we present novel analytical expressions for fibre populations that make the evaluation of integral expression superfluous and thus lead to a significant reduction in computational time.
Advantages and disadvantages of (dedicated) model transformation languages
Authors: Höppner Stefan , Haas Yves , Tichy Matthias , Juhnke Katharina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Context
Model driven development envisages the use of model transformations to evolve models. Model transformation languages, developed for this task, are touted with many benefits over general purpose programming languages. However, a large number of these claims have not yet been substantiated. They are also made without the context necessary to be able to critically assess their merit or built meaningful empirical studies around them.

Objective
The objective of our work is to elicit the reasoning, influences and background knowledge that lead people to assume benefits or drawbacks of model transformation languages.

Method
We conducted a large-scale interview study involving 56 participants from research and industry. Interviewees were presented with claims about model transformation languages and were asked to provide reasons for their assessment thereof. We qualitatively analysed the responses to find factors that influence the properties of model transformation languages as well as explanations as to how exactly they do so.

Results
Our interviews show, that general purpose expressiveness of GPLs, domain specific capabilities of MTLs as well as tooling all have strong influences on how people view properties of model transformation languages. Moreover, the Choice of MTL, the Use Case for which a transformation should be developed as well as the Skill s of involved stakeholders have a moderating effect on the influences, by changing the context to consider.

Conclusion
There is a broad body of experience, that suggests positive and negative influences for properties of MTLs. Our data suggests, that much needs to be done in order to convey the viability of model transformation languages. Efforts to provide more empirical substance need to be undergone and lacklustre language capabilities and tooling need to be improved upon. We suggest several approaches for this that can be based on the results of the presented study.
Cataclysms for Anosov representations
Authors: Pfeil Mareike 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we construct cataclysm deformations for $$\theta $$
θ
-Anosov representations into a semisimple non-compact connected real Lie group G with finite center, where $$\theta \subset \Delta $$

θ
⊂
Δ

is a subset of the simple roots that is invariant under the opposition involution. These generalize Thurston’s cataclysms on Teichmüller space and Dreyer’s cataclysms for Borel-Anosov representations into $$\mathrm {PSL}(n, \mathbb {R})$$

PSL
(
n
,
R
)

. We express the deformation also in terms of the boundary map. Furthermore, we show that cataclysm deformations are additive and behave well with respect to composing a representation with a group homomorphism. Finally, we show that the deformation is injective for Hitchin representations, but not in general for $$\theta $$
θ
-Anosov representations.
Circadian disruption alters gut barrier integrity via a ß-catenin-MMP-related pathway
Authors: Eum Sung Yong , Schurhoff Nicolette , Teglas Timea , Wolff Gretchen , Toborek Michal 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe evaluated the mechanistic link between circadian rhythms and gut barrier permeability. Mice were subjected to either constant 24-h light (LL) or 12-h light/dark cycles (LD). Mice housed in LL experienced a significant increase in gut barrier permeability that was associated with dysregulated ß-catenin expression and altered expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins. Silencing of ß-catenin resulted in disruption of barrier function in SW480 cells, with ß-catenin appearing to be an upstream regulator of the core circadian components, such as Bmal1, Clock, and Per1/2. In addition, ß-catenin silencing downregulated ZO-1 and occludin TJ proteins with only limited or no changes at their mRNA levels, suggesting post transcriptional regulation. Indeed, silencing of ß-catenin significantly upregulated expression of matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, and blocking MMP-2/9 activity attenuated epithelial disruption induced by ß-catenin silencing. These results indicate the regulatory role of circadian disruption on gut barrier integrity and the associations between TJ proteins and circadian rhythms, while demonstrating the regulatory role of ß-catenin in this process.
Agenda to adoption: understanding the mechanisms driving fee-free policy development in Sub-Saharan Africa through policy change frameworks
Authors: Asante Gabriel , Gajduschek György , Bartha Attila 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPolicy change frameworks are commonly used to understand policy development processes. However, few studies have attempted to apply these frameworks to the recent popular fee-free policy education at the high school level in Sub-Saharan Africa. Investigating fee-free policy development through policy change frameworks can assist both in identifying the genesis of past policies, including who the important actors are, how issues are framed and problematised, and how specific solutions are designed, as well as how to interpret unfolding policies. In this article, we review three prominent policy change frameworks: Baumgartner and Jones’ “punctuated equilibrium framework,” Sabatier and Jenkins-Smith’s “advocacy coalition framework,” and Kingdon’s “multiple streams framework.” After reviewing the frameworks, we apply them to two fee-free policies in Ghana which are Progressive Free Senior High School and Free Senior High School policies to understand the drivers of fee-free policy change. From the socio-political background, three main concepts were derived from these policy change frameworks deducing from the basic assumptions of these theories. They are domestic politics, political and policy entrepreneurs, and socio-economic dynamics. The results show that fee-free policies are largely driven by domestic politics and political and policy entrepreneurs in political executive positions. Factors under socio-economic dynamics are only scope conditions that are not significant to trigger the adoption of a fee-free policy.
Praxeological Enactivism vs. Radical Enactivism: Reply to Hutto
Authors: Weichold Martin , Rucińska Zuzanna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn his recent paper “Getting Real About Pretense: A Radical Enactivist Proposal”, Daniel Hutto raises several objections against our so-called praxeological enactivist account of pretense (Weichold & Rucińska 2022). He argues that one should, instead, adopt his radical enactivist explanation of pretend play. In this short reply, we defend our praxeological enactivist account against his objections, and argue that it has crucial advantages over his radical enactivist alternative.